【精品解析】北京市重点中学2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题

北京市重点中学2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题
1．（2023高一上·北京市月考） It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me.
A．had done B．did C．would do D．were doing
【答案】A
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：我花费了很长的时间才能够完全领会他们为我所做的。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，句中was able to用的是一般过去时，而根据句意他们为我所做的，应该已经做完了，发生在was able to这个动作之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
2．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Up to now, the program ____ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A．would save B．saves C．had saved D．has saved
【答案】D
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语up to now，可知应用现在完成时。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
3．（2023高一上·北京市月考） —Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation
—We____ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A．were B．have been C．had been D．will be
【答案】C
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：—彼得，你们暑假去哪儿了？—几个月来我们一直忙于工作，所以我们去海滩放松了一下。由"so we went to the beach to relax ourselves "可知，"一直忙于工作"发生在 "went to the beach"之前，所以本句为过去完成时。故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
4．（2023高一上·北京市月考） —I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20
—Sorry, I ____myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A．hadn't made B．wouldn't make
C．don't make D．haven't made
【答案】D
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：——抱歉，我没有听清楚。你是说你们想九月二十号回来吗？——抱歉，我没有表达清楚。我们想10月20号回来。根据句意，对方已经说过了，结果是让人没听清楚。可用现在完成态表达。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
5．（2023高一上·北京市月考） — Were you surprised by the ending of the film
—NO, I ____ the book, so I already knew the story
A．was reading B．had read C．am reading D．have read
【答案】B
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：—你对电影的结局感到惊讶吗 —不，我读过这本书，所以我已经知道这个故事了。此处是谓语动词，根据I already knew the story可知，说话人已经看过那本书，knew是过去式，因此"看书"这个动作发生在过去的过去，时态用过去完成时，即had done，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
6．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone ____it. Was it you
A．has done B．had done C．would do D．will do
【答案】B
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：我正要去剪玫瑰枝，但是有人剪了，是你吗？此处是谓语动词，根据was going to可知发生在过去，而某人做这件事发生在此之前，为"过去的过去"，即过去完成时。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
7．（2023高一上·北京市月考） When you are home, give a call to let me know you ____safely.
A．are arriving B．have arrived C．had arrived D．will arrive
【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：当你到家时，给我打个电话，让我知道你已经安全到达。此处是谓语动词，结合句意，应是先到达，然后再打电话告诉到家了，因此此处表示已经发生的事，用现在完成时，且主语是第二人称you，因此应用have arrived，故选B。【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
8．（2023高一上·北京市月考）This coastal area _______ a national wildlife reserve last year.
A．was named B．named C．is named D．names
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句子结构分析，此空在句子中作谓语，主语area与name是被动关系，由时间状语last
year可知应用一般过去时；句意：去年，该海岸区被命名为国家野生动物保护区。故选A。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。学生必须掌握谓语动词的时态和语态变化。
9．（2023高一上·北京市月考）— Why, Jack, you look so tired!
— Well, I ______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A．was painting B．will be painting
C．have painted D．have been painting
【答案】D
【知识点】现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——怎么啦，杰克，你看起来如此疲惫！——噢，我一直都在粉刷房子,并且我明天必须完成。根据句意可知应采用现在完成进行时态，强调动作一直在延续。选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时的应用。
10．（2023高一上·北京市月考） It's 7:30. Hurry up! Your train ____ at 8: 15.
A．leaves B．left C．is leaving D．has left
【答案】A
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：现在是7:30。快点！你的火车8点15分发车。此处是谓语动词，表示按时间表拟定或安排好将要发生的动作，用一般现在时表示将来。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时。
11．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Joseph ____to evening classes since last month, but he still can't say "What's your name " in Russian.
A．has been going B．went
C．goes D．has gone
【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：彼得从上个月就开始去上夜课，但是他仍然不能用俄语说"你叫什么名字？"此处是谓语动词，根据语境和 since last month 判断此处此处强调动作从过去开始持续到现在，且有可能继续持续，应用现在完成进行时，主语Joseph是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时。
12．（2023高一上·北京市月考）—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre
—No, I____my homework all day yesterday.
A．was doing B．would do C．had done D．do
【答案】A
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你读完《简·爱》了吗？——没有，昨天一整天我正在做作业。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 all day yesterday可知，应用过去进行时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去进行时。
13．（2023高一上·北京市月考）The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A．has restored B．has been restored
C．is restoring D．is being restored
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：正在修建的教堂很快对游客开放，所有的工作其中就绪。根据“ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.”可知教堂正在被修建，所以本句为现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在进行时的被动语态。
14．（2023高一上·北京市月考） "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step____"
A．has shown B．is showing C．shows D．showed
【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：奶奶过去常常说：生活就像在雪中行走，因为每一步都看得见。此处是奶奶过去常常说的一句话，是直接引语，句子的内容是生活哲理，所以用一般现在时，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时。
15．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Every few years, the coal workers ____their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A．are having B．have C．have had D．had had
【答案】B
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：每隔几年，煤矿工人都要接受肺部 X 光检查，以确保他们的健康。此处是谓语动词，结合时间状语 Every few years ，可知描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时。
16．（2023高一上·北京市月考）It is reported that many a new house________at present in the disaster area.
A．are being built B．were being built
C．was being built D．is being built
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：据报导，现在许多新房屋正在灾区兴建。由at
present 可知本句要用现在进行时态，而当
“many a ＋可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，尽管含有复数意义。
【点评】考查现在进行时被动语态，其结构是am/is/are
+ being + done。注意“many
a ＋可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
17．（2023高一上·北京市月考）—Guess what, we've got our visas for a short —term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! you ____a different culture then.
A．will be experiencing B．have experienced
C．have been experiencing D．will have experienced
【答案】A
【知识点】将来进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——猜猜这是什么，我们已经拿到了今年夏天去英国短期访问的签证。——太好了，那时你将体验不同的文化。此处是谓语动词，指将来发生的事，所以用一般将来时，结合时间状语then，可知应用将来进行时，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及将来进行时。
18．（2023高一上·北京市月考）The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.
A．is made B．would make
C．was to be made D．had made
【答案】C
【知识点】过去将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：在澳大利亚的黄金的发现让成千上万的人相信要发财了。A. I made 一般过去时；B. would make过去将来时；C. was to be made 表过去将来且命中注定；D. had made 过去完成时。根据句意是过去完成时，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去将来时的应用。
19．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I walked slowly through the market, where people ____all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A．sell B．were selling C．had sold D．have sold
【答案】B
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我慢慢的走过市场时，那儿的人们正在卖各种各样的蔬菜和水果。我仔细研究了价格，买了我需要的东西。此处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据句意可知当我走过市场时，那里的人们正在做什么，所以用进行时，再根据主句时态是一般过去时，所以此处应用过去进行时，结合从句主语people，故选B。【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去进行时。
20．（2023高一上·北京市月考）—Joan was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.
—Oh, really I______. I ______ visit her.
A．didn't know; will go to B．don't know; will go to
C．didn't know; am going to D．haven't known; am going to
【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：——昨天Joan在事故中受伤很严重而且她被送到医院去了。——噢，真的吗？我不知道。我会去看望她的。首先，对于过去发生事情的回应，用一般过去时；其次，will 与be going to 都可以表示将来的动作，be going to强调计划，打算，有做准备；而will没有，指客观上未来一段时间会去做。结合语境分析，回答者并没有打算的意思。故选A。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及一般过去时和一般将来时。
21．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Linda, make sure the tables ____ before the guests arrive.
A．be set B．set C．are set D．are setting
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意： Linda ，客人来之前一定要把桌子摆好。此处是宾语从句谓语动词，与主语 the tables是被动关系，结合时间状语从句before the guests arrive ，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
22．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Excuse me. I____I was blocking your way.
A．didn't realize B．don't realize
C．haven't realized D．wasn't realizing
【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：不好意思，我没有意识到我挡住你的路了。此处是谓语动词，根据 "I was blocking your way" 用的是过去进行时，主从句时态要保持一致，结合据句意，"我没有意识到"强调的是过去的事实，所以应该用一般过去时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
23．（2023高一上·北京市月考） In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the "r" sounds at the end of the words____.
A．are being dropped B．are dropped
C．drop D．have dropped
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：在美国一些地区的英语口语中，单词末尾的"r"音被省掉。此处是谓语动词，指"r"人为地"被省掉"，所以用被动语态，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
24．（2023高一上·北京市月考） The book has been translated into thirty languages since it ____ on the market in 1973.
A．had come B．has come C．came D．comes
【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：这本书自1973年上市以来，已被翻译成三十多种文字。此处是since引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，结合时间状语 in 1973 ，可知应用一般过去时，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
25．（2023高一上·北京市月考） The house ____the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.　
A．that　　　 B．where　　　 C．what　　　 D．when
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：资本家以前住的房子现在成了托儿所。 the capitalist used to live in 是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the house，先行词在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which/that。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
26．（2023高一上·北京市月考） My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, ____was very kind of them.
A．who B．that C．which D．whom
【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我的邻居过去常常在我遇到麻烦的时候帮助我，这是非常好的。____was very kind of them 是非限制性定语从句的关系代词，修饰整个主句 My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble ，且在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
27．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
A．it B．that C．which D．he
【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：爱丽丝收到了老板的邀请，这让她大吃一惊。____ came as a surprise 是非限制性定语从句，设空处在从句中作主语，指代先行词"an invitation"，应用关系代词which引导。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
28．（2023高一上·北京市月考） It's helpful to put children in a situation ____ they can see themselves differently.
A．that B．when C．which D．where
【答案】D
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：把孩子放在一个他们能以不同的方式看待自己的情况中是有帮助的。 ____ they can see themselves differently是限制性限制性定语从句，先行词为situation，属于抽象地点名词，定语从句中句子结构完整，应用关系副词where引导从句，作地点状语。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
29．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Mr Zhou, ____　native language was Chinese, could read and write several foreign languages.
A．whose　　　 B．his　　　 C．which　　　 D．that
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】周先生的母语是汉语，他能读写几种外语。 ____　native language was Chinese 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Mr Zhou ，在从句中作native language的定语，应用关系代词whose，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句。
30．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I took my friend to the Summer Palace, ____we had taken some photos.　
A．where　　　 B．which　　　 C．that　　　 D．／
【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我带我的朋友去了颐和园，在那里我们拍了一些照片。 ____we had taken some photos是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 the Summer Palace ，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句。
31．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Do you remember the day ____your sister was graduated as a Master of Arts 　
A．which　 B．when　 C．where　　 D．／
【答案】B
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：你还记得你姐姐艺术硕士毕业的那一天吗？ ____your sister was graduated as a Master of Arts是限制性定语从句，先行词是the day ，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when，故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句。
32．（2023高一上·北京市月考） We all remember the days ____we spent together at school.　
A．in which　 B．how　 C．when 　 D．that
【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们都记得我们在学校一起度过的日子。 ____we spent together at school 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the days ，在从句中作 spent 的宾语，应用关系代词which/that，故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
33．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Do you know the reason ____　he didn't come 　
A．that　　　 B．which　　　 C．for　　　 D．why
【答案】D
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：你知道他不来的原因吗？ ____　he didn't come 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the reason ，在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why，故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词why引导的限制性定语从句。
34．（2023高一上·北京市月考） He has four dogs, the biggest ____ is called Wang Wang.
A．of that B．of them C．of which D．one
【答案】C
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他有四只狗，其中最大的一只叫汪汪。 the biggest ____ is called Wang Wang 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词dogs。the biggest of"......中最大的"，which，代替dogs，作介词of的宾语，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及of which引导的非限制性定语从句。
35．（2023高一上·北京市月考） The old lady had one son and two daughters, ____ treated her well, ____ made her very sad.
A．both of them; which B．none of whom; which
C．both of whom; that D．neither of whom; that
【答案】B
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：这位老太太有一个儿子和两个女儿，没有一个对他好，这使他很伤心。第一空可用and连接两个并列句或用非限制性定语从句，用and的时候，后面的并列句的主语应用none of them，them指代前面的a son and two daughters，用非限制性定语从句的时候，需用whom作of的宾语，代替前面的先行词a son and two daughters，不可加and。第二空引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子作补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及非限制性定语从句。
36．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Look out! Don't get too close to the house ____ roof is under repair.
A．whose B．which C．of which D．what
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：当心！不要太靠近那所屋顶正在修葺的房子。 ____ roof is under repair 是限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词house并在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导，作roof的定语，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句。
37．（2023高一上·北京市月考） The railway tunnel, through ____ the train goes, will be completed soon.
A．which B．that C．it D．where
【答案】A
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：火车穿过的铁路隧道很快就会完工。 through ____ the train goes是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 The railway tunnel ，在从句中作介词 through 的宾语，应用关系代词which，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及through which引导的非限制性定语从句。
38．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I'm going to spend my holiday in Beijing, ____live my old parents.
A．which B．that C．where D．there
【答案】C
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我打算在北京度假，我年迈的父母住在那里。 ____live my old parents是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Beijing ，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句。
39．（2023高一上·北京市月考） The boy ____composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group.
A．who B．whose C．that D．which
【答案】B
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：作文得了一等奖的男孩是小组中最年轻的。____composition won the first prize是限制性定语从句，先行词是 The boy ，在从句中作 composition 的定语，应用关系代词whose，故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句。
40．（2023高一上·北京市月考） In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A．that B．who C．from whom D．to whom
【答案】D
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。分析句子可知，此处是"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，先行词是person，指人，turn to sb for help"向某人求助"，故介词用to，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词whom，故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及to whom引导的限制性定语从句。
41．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Even though Beecher Prep is just a few blocks from our house, I've only been on that block a couple of times before. In general, I try to avoid blocks ____ there are lots of kids roaming around.
A．where　　　 B．which　　　 C．that　　　 D．／
【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管Beecher Prep离我们家只有几个街区，但我以前只去过那个街区几次。一般来说，我尽量避开有很多孩子四处游荡的街区。 ____ there are lots of kids roaming around 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 blocks ，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
42．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Next week I start fifth grade. Since I've never been to a real school before, I am pretty much totally and completely petrified.
A．confused B．frightened C．amazed D．impressed
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：下周我开始上五年级。由于我以前从未上过真正的学校，我几乎完全被吓呆了。A：confused"困惑的"；B：frightened"害怕的"；C：amazed"惊讶的"；D：impressed"印象深刻的" 。结合句意petrified是"害怕的"之意，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分petrified，confused；frightened；amazed和impressed的含义。
43．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I like when mom tells this story because it makes me laugh so much. It's not funny in the way a joke is funny, but when Mom tells it, Via and I just start cracking up.
A．laughing B．crying C．screaming D．shrugging
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析；动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:我喜欢妈妈讲这个故事，因为它让我笑得很开心。它不像笑话那样有趣，但当妈妈讲的时候，维娅和我就开始大笑起来。A.laughing"笑";B.crying"哭泣";C.screaming"尖叫"; D. shrugging"耸肩"。根据"it makes me laugh so much"可推知， 当妈妈讲故事时，我和维娅都笑了，所以划线部分cracking up意为"大笑"。故选A。
【点评】考查动词（短语）辨析，区分laugh；cry；scream；shrug和crack up的含义。
44．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I'm not exaggerating when I say this, but my heart literally started beating like I'd just run the longest race in the world. The laughter I had inside just poured out of me.
A．whispering B．shuffling C．doodling D．overstating
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我这么说并没有夸张，但我的心真的开始跳动，就像我刚刚跑完世界上最长的比赛一样。我内心的欢笑就这样涌了出来。A：whispering"窃窃私语"；B：shuffling"曳脚而行"；C：doodling"涂鸦"；D：overstating "夸大其词"。根据"when I say this, but my heart literally started beating like I'd just run the longest race in the world. "可知，exaggerating的意思是"夸大"，故选D。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分whisper；shuffle；doodle；overstate和exaggerate的含义。
45．（2023高一上·北京市月考） "Only dorks take leadership," Julian interrupted. "Julian, you're being so obnoxious!" said Charlotte, which made Julian laugh.
A．unpleasant B．steady C．weird D．guilty
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意："只有笨蛋才会当领导。"朱利安插嘴说。" Julian ，你太讨厌了!" Charlotte 说，这使 Julian 哈哈大笑。A. unpleasant"令人不愉快的"；B. steady"稳定的"；C. weird"怪异的，可怕的"；D. guilty"感到内疚的"。obnoxious意为"不愉快的，令人讨厌的"。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分unpleasant；steady；weird；guilty和obnoxious的含义。
46．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Henry kept trying to open his lock but couldn't do it. He was getting frustrated and kind of cursing under his breath.
A．motivated B．fainted C．annoyed D．scared
【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：亨利一直想打开他的锁，但就是打不开。他变得沮丧起来，好像在低声咒骂。A. motivated"有动机的，有积极性的"；B. fainted"昏眩的"；C. annoyed"生气的，恼怒的"；D. scared"害怕的"。frustrated意为"沮丧的、懊恼的"，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分motivated；fainted；annoyed；scared和frustrated的含义。
47．（2023高一上·北京市月考） "Okay, guys, you can talk about Star Wars stuff at recess," said Ms. Petosa cheerfully. "But let's keep going. We haven't heard from you yet," she said to Jack. Now it was Jack's turn to talk, but I admit I didn't hear a word he said.
A．break B．routine C．attendance D．coincidence
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意："好了，同学们，你们可以在课间休息时谈论星球大战的事情，"Petosa高兴地说。"但让我们继续前进。我们还没有收到你的消息，"她对 Jack 说。现在轮到 Jack 说话了，但我承认他说的话我一个字也没听见。A. break"休息"；B. routine"常规"；C. attendance"出席，到场"；D. coincidence"一致，巧合"。recess意为"课间休息"。故选A。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分break；routine；attendance；coincidence和recess的含义。
48．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Up till a few days before, we still weren't sure I would be going to school at all. After my tour of the school, Mom and Dad had reversed sides on whether I should go or not. Mom was not the one saying I shouldn't go and Dad was saying I should.
A．hesitated B．shocked C．exchanged D．paused
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：直到几天前，我们还不确定我是否会去上学。我参观完学校后，爸爸妈妈在我该不该去的问题上意见相左。不是妈妈说我不应该去，就是爸爸说我应该去。A. hesitated"犹豫"；B. shocked"使震惊"；C. exchanged"交换，交流"；D. paused"停顿，暂停"。reversed意为"彻底转变"，故选C。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分hesitate；shock；exchange；pause和reverse的含义。
49．（2023高一上·北京市月考） "That's not true," she said. "I can't believe you would just cut it off like that," she added snottily, and then practically slammed my bedroom door shut as she left the room.
A．knocked B．switched C．locked D．banged
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意："那不是真的，"她说。"我真不敢相信你会这样剪掉它，"她轻蔑地补充道，然后在离开房间时几乎砰地关上了我卧室的门。A. knocked"敲"；B. switched"交换，转换"；C. locked"锁上"；D. banged"把……砰地关上"。slammed意为"使砰地关上"，故选D。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分knock；switch；lock；bang和slam的含义。
50．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Kids would take the longest way around me to avoid bumping into me in any way, like I had some germ they could catch, like my face was contagious.
A．infectious B．deformed C．brand-new D．relieved
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：孩子们会在我周围走最长的路，以避免以任何方式撞到我，就像我身上有细菌一样，就像我的脸会传染一样。A. infectious"有传染性的"；B. deformed"畸形的，变形的"；C. brand-new"崭新的"；D. relieved"感到宽慰的"。contagious意为"传染性的"，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分infectious；deformed；brand-new；relieved和contagious的含义。
51．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Ms. Petosa told us a little about who she was. It was boring stuffy about where she originally came from, and how she always wanted to reach, and she left her job on Wall Street about six years ago to pursue her "dream" and teach kids.
A．especially B．initially C．sarcastically D．giggly
【答案】B
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：佩托萨女士告诉了我们她是谁。关于她最初来自哪里，以及她一直想要达到的目标，这些都是无聊而乏味的。大约六年前，她辞去了华尔街的工作，去追求她的"梦想"——教书。A. especially"尤其"；B. initially"首先"；C. sarcastically"讽刺地"；D. giggly"傻笑的"。划线词originally与B选项一致，故选B。
【点评】考查副词词义辨析，区分especially；initially；sarcastically；giggly和originally的含义。
（2023高一上·北京市月考）阅读理解
The Party of Their Lives
In Los Angeles's infamous Skid Row, there are hundreds of children living on the streets or in shelters. It's a place where dreams go to die. But one couple is determined to use their own experience with loss to foster a sense of hope.
In 2013, Mary Davis and her husband lost their first unborn kid. Refusing to let the heartbreak break them, they became volunteers in a Skid Row homeless shelter. They found that many of the kids there had never had a single birthday party before, so they decided to throw a birthday party for those homeless kids. They took over a room in the Union Rescue Mission and filled it with streamers, gifts and a cake. The kids were so excited that they made their own music—singing and clapping and, of course, laughing.
Since then, the couple have thrown a party each and every month. They routinely attract 250 kids and their parents. An hour before each party, volunteers arrive to set up the decorations and activities: face painting, balloon artists, a DJ, cake, and pizza. There are small presents for the kids celebrating their birthdays, but the Davis make sure there are more than enough to go around.
"I remember a mom came with her kid," Mary says. "It was their first night at the shelter, and her child had a birthday. We had an extra gift for her—pink headphones. The little girl was so excited. And her mom... she's crying. ‘I never imagined we would ever need to be in a shelter. I didn't know what to expect. But I really didn't expect a birthday party for my child.' she cried with happiness."
Doing her best to normalize these kids' lives is both heartwarming and bittersweet, Mary says. "If you look outside, you see homeless person after homeless person on the street, and it reminds you that these kids don't get to leave this area after the party."
It may be why, after throwing 88 parties, she still cries after each one. She credits the kids in the shelter with helping her hold on to hope. "We didn't realize how much joy they were going to bring us," she told CBS News. "And it was so healing for both kids and us."
52．In Skid Row, hundreds of kids ____.
A．were homeless B．lost their parents
C．dropped out of school D．were crazy about parties
53．How did the couple help the kids
A．They raised much money. B．They rented many houses.
C．They hosted birthday parties. D．They made birthday presents.
54．According to the passage, which can best describe Mary
A．Honest and generous. B．Caring and generous.
C．Outgoing and caring. D．Outgoing and honest.
55．What does the story intend to tell us
A．Well begun, half done.
B．East or west, home is best.
C．What goes around comes around.
D．Where there is love, there is hope.
【答案】52．A
53．C
54．B
55．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妻在失去自己的孩子后，决定把对自己孩子的爱转移到帮助其他无家可归的孩子身上。通过他们的行为，尽量让这些孩子们感受到爱和希望。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
52．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In Los Angeles's infamous Skid Row, there are hundreds of children living on the streets or in shelters. ."洛杉矶臭名昭著的贫民窟，有数百名儿童流落街头或住在收容所。可知，在贫民窟，成百上千的孩子无家可归。故选A。
53．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"They found that many of the kids there had never had a single birthday party before, so they decided to throw a birthday party for those homeless kids."他们发现那里的许多孩子以前从来没有过一个生日派对，所以他们决定为那些无家可归的孩子们举办一个生日派对。可知，这对夫妻决定通过举办生日派对的方式来帮助这些孩子们。故选C。
54．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"Doing her best to normalize these kids' lives is both heartwarming and bittersweet, Mary says."玛丽说，尽她所能让这些孩子的生活正常化，既温暖又苦乐参半；以及最后一段中的"It may be why, after throwing 88 parties, she still cries after each one."这也许就是为什么在举办了88场派对之后，她每次都要哭。可知，Mary是一个乐于助人且慷慨的人。故选B。
55．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"In Los Angeles's infamous Skid Row, there are hundreds of children living on the streets or in shelters. It's a place where dreams go to die. But one couple is determined to use their own experience with loss to foster a sense of hope."在洛杉矶臭名昭著的贫民窟，有数百名儿童流落街头或住在收容所。这是一个梦想破灭的地方。但有一对夫妇决心用他们自己的经历来培养希望；以及下文这对夫妇的做法介绍可知，这对夫妇通过他们的行为，尽量让这些孩子们感受到爱和希望。可知，这个故事意在告诉我们"哪里有爱，哪里就有希望"。故选D。
（2023高一上·北京市月考）阅读理解
Bright Nights, Big Problems
Astronomers
rate the darkness of our skies on a range of 9 (brightest) to 1 (darkest), and
most of us spend our lives in the light of levels 5 to 8. All over the globe
our nights are growing brighter, and almost nowhere are they growing darker.
Studies increasingly link our overuse of light at night with health concerns
such as sleep disorders and diseases. Other studies report the damaging
ecological consequences and the big waste of energy. But the steady loss of
darkness from our lives is not easily measured, for the true value of darkness
is something we are barely aware of.
Since
the beginning of time, a sky with stars was part of the common human
experience. Everywhere on Earth, on most nights, people came face to face with
the universe. This experience influenced their beliefs—their very understanding
of their place in the world. Today, many of us live under skies which are
polluted by light. We live under a night sky showing much fewer stars. Although
our night sky continues to shape us, it is the absence of the universe around
us that influences our beliefs to create. We are being shaped by a less
experience of darkness, and most of us don't even know what we are missing.
Our
Milky Way galaxy is home to several hundred billion stars, and the universe
home to several hundred billion other galaxies. A sky with a large number of
stars encourages us to emphasize our importance, to imagine humanity as the
center of all things. Face to face with the endless size of the universe, we
have the chance to know how insignificant we really are. But we also realize
the true largeness of our living on this planet, and realize that we have an
enormous responsibility to care, that there is no other place to go, that home
is here.
"Everyone
needs beauty as well as bread," wrote John Muir, American naturalist.
Lighting designers understand that without darkness, there is no "city of
light", and they work constantly to create their city's atmospheric beauty
by mixing artificial light with darkness. And with night's moonlit geographies,
its smells of desert rain and autumn fires, its insect symphonies interrupted
by a bird's call on a lake, natural darkness has many offerings of its own.
Yet
we are completely involved in artificial light. Much of this lighting is wholly
unnecessary, born of habit and lack of awareness. So let us become aware:
simply by keeping our existing lights we could significantly reduce their
negative effects on our body, our mind, our soul. Artificial light at night is
a wonder, a quality that enriches our lives. But the same has always been true
of darkness, and can be again.
56．The author suggests that because of light pollution we ______.
A．tend to come face to face with the universe
B．need a lot of imagination to understand the universe
C．are considerably less creative than our ancient ancestors were
D．experience the world in a different way to previous generations
57．What does the author think about humans in Paragraph 3
A．We have an over-confident belief in our own value.
B．We behave as if nothing exists apart from ourselves.
C．We ignore the requirement of looking after our planet.
D．We avoid thinking too deeply about our role on Earth.
58．Why does the author include references to rain, fires and wildlife
A．To illustrate the boring life at night without artificial light.
B．To explain why people think lighting is necessary at night.
C．To provide an example of the attractive qualities of night-time.
D．To highlight the differences between urban and natural environments.
59．We can learn from the last paragraph that the author is ______.
A．clear about the reasons why artificial light is essential
B．dissatisfied with people's lack of interest in artificial light
C．willing to draw comparisons between artificial light and darkness
D．hopeful that people will become aware of the negative impact of lights
【答案】56．D
57．A
58．C
59．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；环境保护类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，越来越多的研究表明，我们在晚上过度使用灯光与睡眠障碍和疾病等健康问题有关。但是，我们生活中黑暗的稳定消失并不容易衡量，因为黑暗的真正价值是我们几乎没有意识到的东西。作者通过将人造光和自然的黑暗相对比，告诉我们应当肩负起保护星球家园的责任。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
56．考查推理判断。根据第二段“Since the beginning of time, a sky with stars was part of the common human experience. Everywhere on Earth, on most nights, people came face to face with the universe. This experience influenced their beliefs—their very understanding of their place in the world. Today, many of us live under skies which are polluted by light. We live under a night sky showing much fewer stars. Although our night sky continues to shape us, it is the absence of the universe around us that influences our beliefs to create. We are being shaped by a less experience of darkness, and most of us don't even know what we are missing.”从一开始，满天繁星是人类共同经历的一部分。在地球上的每一个地方，在大多数夜晚，人们都与宇宙面对面。这种经历影响了他们的信仰——他们对自己在世界上地位的理解。今天，我们许多人生活在被光污染的天空下。我们生活在星星少得多的夜空下。虽然我们的夜空继续塑造着我们，但正是我们周围宇宙的缺失影响了我们创造的信念。我们被较少的黑暗经历所塑造，我们大多数人甚至不知道我们错过了什么。可知，作者认为，由于光污染，我们体验世界的方式与前几代人不同。故选D。
57．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Our Milky Way galaxy is home to several hundred billion stars, and the universe home to several hundred billion other galaxies. A sky with a large number of stars encourages us to emphasize our importance, to imagine humanity as the center of all things. Face to face with the endless size of the universe, we have the chance to know how insignificant we really are.”我们的银河系是几千亿颗恒星的家园，而宇宙是几千亿其他星系的家园。一个有大量星星的天空鼓励我们强调我们的重要性，想象人类是一切事物的中心。面对浩瀚无垠的宇宙，我们才有机会知道自己有多渺小。可知，作者认为人类对自己的价值过于自信。故选A。
58．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“‘Everyone needs beauty as well as bread,' wrote John Muir, American naturalist. Lighting designers understand that without darkness, there is no ‘city of light', and they work constantly to create their city's atmospheric beauty by mixing artificial light with darkness. And with night's moonlit geographies, its smells of desert rain and autumn fires, its insect symphonies interrupted by a bird's call on a lake, natural darkness has many offerings of its own.” 美国博物学家John Muir写道：“人人都需要面包，也需要美丽”。灯光设计师明白，没有黑暗，就没有“光之城”，他们不断地工作，通过人造光与黑暗的混合来创造他们城市的氛围之美。夜晚的月光照耀着大地，沙漠之雨和秋天之火的气息，昆虫发出的交响乐被湖中鸟儿的鸣叫打断，自然的黑暗也有它自己的许多贡献”可知，作者提到雨、火和野生动物，是为了给夜晚迷人的魅力提供一个例子。故选C。
59．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“So let us become aware: simply by keeping our existing lights we could significantly reduce their negative effects on our body, our mind, our soul. Artificial light at night is a wonder, a quality that enriches our lives. But the same has always been true of darkness, and can be again.”所以，我们要意识到：只要保持现有的灯光，我们就可以显著减少它们对我们身体、思想和灵魂的负面影响。夜晚的人造光是一个奇迹，一种丰富我们生活的品质。但是，黑暗一直以来都是如此，也可以再次如此。可知，作者乐于将人工光与黑暗进行比较。故选C。
（2023高一上·北京市月考）阅读理解
What is a dream
For centuries, people have wondered about the strange places that they seem to visit in their sleep. 　60． 　 However, they have been valued as necessary to a person's health and happiness.
Historically people thought dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams scientifically believing that they tell about a person's character. 　61． 　 He believed that dreams allow a person to express fantasies or fears, which would be socially unacceptable in real life.
The second theory to become popular was Carl Jung's compensation theory. Jung, a former student of Freud, said that the purpose of a dream is not to hide something, but rather to communicate it to the dreamer. 　62． 　 Thus, people who think too highly of themselves may dream about falling; those who think too little of themselves dream of being heroes.
Using more recent research, William Domhoff from the University of California found that dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop in humans. 　63． 　 Until they reach age five, they can't express very well what their dreams are about. Once people become adults, there is little or no change in their dreams. The dreams of men and women differ. For instance, the characters that appear in the dreams of men are often other men, and often involve physical aggression.
The meaning of dreams continues to be difficult to understand.
　64． 　 If you dream that a loved one is going to die, do not panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that your loved one is going to die.
A. Dreams make up for what is lacking in waking life.
B. However, people should not take their dreams as reality.
C. They have been considered as meaningless nighttime journeys.
D. It gives scientists chances to better understand human mind.
E. Children do not dream as much as adults.
F. They think their mind is trying to tell them something.
G. First, there was Sigmund Freud's theory.
【答案】60．C；61．G；62．A；63．E；64．B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员对于做梦的一些理论。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科研类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
60．根据空前"For centuries, people have wondered about the strange places that they seem to visit in their sleep. "数百年来，人们一直在想他们在睡梦中会去哪些奇怪的地方)"说明人们对于梦一直在进行相关的思考；以及空后"However, they have been valued as necessary to a person's health and happiness."然而，它们被认为是一个人健康和幸福的必要条件。说明梦被认为是人健康和幸福的必要条件，C. They have been considered as meaningless nighttime journeys."它们被认为是毫无意义的夜间旅行。"承接上文，说明了人们对梦的看法，符合语境。故选C。
61．根据空前" It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams scientifically believing that they tell about a person's character. " 直到二十世纪，人们才开始科学地研究梦，认为梦能反映一个人的性格)"说明二十世纪，人们开始科学地研究梦；以及空后"He believed that dreams allow a person to express fantasies or fears, which would be socially unacceptable in real life. "他认为，梦允许一个人表达幻想或恐惧，这在现实生活中是社会无法接受的。具体说明西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的理论，G. First, there was Sigmund Freud's theory."首先是西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的理论。"说明西格蒙德·弗洛伊德首先提出理论，承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
62．根据空后"Thus, people who think too highly of themselves may dream about falling; those who think too little of themselves dream of being heroes."因此，那些对自己评价过高的人可能会梦见跌倒；那些对自己评价过低的人梦想成为英雄)"说明人们会梦见生活中没有的一些方面， A. Dreams make up for what is lacking in waking life. "梦弥补了清醒生活中的不足。"引出下文，符合语境。故选A。
63．根据空前"Using more recent research, William Domhoff from the University of California found that dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop in humans."加利福尼亚大学的威廉·多姆霍夫通过最近的研究发现，做梦是一种需要时间在人类身上发展的心智技能。说明做梦是随着年龄增长发展的；以及空后"Until they reach age five, they cannot express very well what their dreams are about."直到他们到五岁，他们才能很好地表达他们的梦。说明孩子到五岁才能很好地表达梦， E. Children do not dream as much as adults. "孩子们做梦不像成年人那么多。"承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
64．根据空后"If you dream that a loved one is going to die, do not panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that your loved one is going to die."如果你梦见所爱的人即将死去，不要惊慌。这个梦可能有意义，但它并不意味着你所爱的人即将死去。说明梦可能有意义，但是并不意味着梦会变成现实，B. However, people should not take their dreams as reality."然而，人们不应该把梦想当成现实。"引出下文，符合语境。故选B。
1 / 1北京市重点中学2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题
1．（2023高一上·北京市月考） It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they __ for me.
A．had done B．did C．would do D．were doing
2．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Up to now, the program ____ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A．would save B．saves C．had saved D．has saved
3．（2023高一上·北京市月考） —Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation
—We____ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A．were B．have been C．had been D．will be
4．（2023高一上·北京市月考） —I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20
—Sorry, I ____myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A．hadn't made B．wouldn't make
C．don't make D．haven't made
5．（2023高一上·北京市月考） — Were you surprised by the ending of the film
—NO, I ____ the book, so I already knew the story
A．was reading B．had read C．am reading D．have read
6．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone ____it. Was it you
A．has done B．had done C．would do D．will do
7．（2023高一上·北京市月考） When you are home, give a call to let me know you ____safely.
A．are arriving B．have arrived C．had arrived D．will arrive
8．（2023高一上·北京市月考）This coastal area _______ a national wildlife reserve last year.
A．was named B．named C．is named D．names
9．（2023高一上·北京市月考）— Why, Jack, you look so tired!
— Well, I ______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A．was painting B．will be painting
C．have painted D．have been painting
10．（2023高一上·北京市月考） It's 7:30. Hurry up! Your train ____ at 8: 15.
A．leaves B．left C．is leaving D．has left
11．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Joseph ____to evening classes since last month, but he still can't say "What's your name " in Russian.
A．has been going B．went
C．goes D．has gone
12．（2023高一上·北京市月考）—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre
—No, I____my homework all day yesterday.
A．was doing B．would do C．had done D．do
13．（2023高一上·北京市月考）The church tower which will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A．has restored B．has been restored
C．is restoring D．is being restored
14．（2023高一上·北京市月考） "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step____"
A．has shown B．is showing C．shows D．showed
15．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Every few years, the coal workers ____their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A．are having B．have C．have had D．had had
16．（2023高一上·北京市月考）It is reported that many a new house________at present in the disaster area.
A．are being built B．were being built
C．was being built D．is being built
17．（2023高一上·北京市月考）—Guess what, we've got our visas for a short —term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! you ____a different culture then.
A．will be experiencing B．have experienced
C．have been experiencing D．will have experienced
18．（2023高一上·北京市月考）The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______.
A．is made B．would make
C．was to be made D．had made
19．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I walked slowly through the market, where people ____all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A．sell B．were selling C．had sold D．have sold
20．（2023高一上·北京市月考）—Joan was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.
—Oh, really I______. I ______ visit her.
A．didn't know; will go to B．don't know; will go to
C．didn't know; am going to D．haven't known; am going to
21．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Linda, make sure the tables ____ before the guests arrive.
A．be set B．set C．are set D．are setting
22．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Excuse me. I____I was blocking your way.
A．didn't realize B．don't realize
C．haven't realized D．wasn't realizing
23．（2023高一上·北京市月考） In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the "r" sounds at the end of the words____.
A．are being dropped B．are dropped
C．drop D．have dropped
24．（2023高一上·北京市月考） The book has been translated into thirty languages since it ____ on the market in 1973.
A．had come B．has come C．came D．comes
25．（2023高一上·北京市月考） The house ____the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.　
A．that　　　 B．where　　　 C．what　　　 D．when
26．（2023高一上·北京市月考） My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, ____was very kind of them.
A．who B．that C．which D．whom
27．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
A．it B．that C．which D．he
28．（2023高一上·北京市月考） It's helpful to put children in a situation ____ they can see themselves differently.
A．that B．when C．which D．where
29．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Mr Zhou, ____　native language was Chinese, could read and write several foreign languages.
A．whose　　　 B．his　　　 C．which　　　 D．that
30．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I took my friend to the Summer Palace, ____we had taken some photos.　
A．where　　　 B．which　　　 C．that　　　 D．／
31．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Do you remember the day ____your sister was graduated as a Master of Arts 　
A．which　 B．when　 C．where　　 D．／
32．（2023高一上·北京市月考） We all remember the days ____we spent together at school.　
A．in which　 B．how　 C．when 　 D．that
33．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Do you know the reason ____　he didn't come 　
A．that　　　 B．which　　　 C．for　　　 D．why
34．（2023高一上·北京市月考） He has four dogs, the biggest ____ is called Wang Wang.
A．of that B．of them C．of which D．one
35．（2023高一上·北京市月考） The old lady had one son and two daughters, ____ treated her well, ____ made her very sad.
A．both of them; which B．none of whom; which
C．both of whom; that D．neither of whom; that
36．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Look out! Don't get too close to the house ____ roof is under repair.
A．whose B．which C．of which D．what
37．（2023高一上·北京市月考） The railway tunnel, through ____ the train goes, will be completed soon.
A．which B．that C．it D．where
38．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I'm going to spend my holiday in Beijing, ____live my old parents.
A．which B．that C．where D．there
39．（2023高一上·北京市月考） The boy ____composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group.
A．who B．whose C．that D．which
40．（2023高一上·北京市月考） In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A．that B．who C．from whom D．to whom
41．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Even though Beecher Prep is just a few blocks from our house, I've only been on that block a couple of times before. In general, I try to avoid blocks ____ there are lots of kids roaming around.
A．where　　　 B．which　　　 C．that　　　 D．／
42．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Next week I start fifth grade. Since I've never been to a real school before, I am pretty much totally and completely petrified.
A．confused B．frightened C．amazed D．impressed
43．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I like when mom tells this story because it makes me laugh so much. It's not funny in the way a joke is funny, but when Mom tells it, Via and I just start cracking up.
A．laughing B．crying C．screaming D．shrugging
44．（2023高一上·北京市月考） I'm not exaggerating when I say this, but my heart literally started beating like I'd just run the longest race in the world. The laughter I had inside just poured out of me.
A．whispering B．shuffling C．doodling D．overstating
45．（2023高一上·北京市月考） "Only dorks take leadership," Julian interrupted. "Julian, you're being so obnoxious!" said Charlotte, which made Julian laugh.
A．unpleasant B．steady C．weird D．guilty
46．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Henry kept trying to open his lock but couldn't do it. He was getting frustrated and kind of cursing under his breath.
A．motivated B．fainted C．annoyed D．scared
47．（2023高一上·北京市月考） "Okay, guys, you can talk about Star Wars stuff at recess," said Ms. Petosa cheerfully. "But let's keep going. We haven't heard from you yet," she said to Jack. Now it was Jack's turn to talk, but I admit I didn't hear a word he said.
A．break B．routine C．attendance D．coincidence
48．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Up till a few days before, we still weren't sure I would be going to school at all. After my tour of the school, Mom and Dad had reversed sides on whether I should go or not. Mom was not the one saying I shouldn't go and Dad was saying I should.
A．hesitated B．shocked C．exchanged D．paused
49．（2023高一上·北京市月考） "That's not true," she said. "I can't believe you would just cut it off like that," she added snottily, and then practically slammed my bedroom door shut as she left the room.
A．knocked B．switched C．locked D．banged
50．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Kids would take the longest way around me to avoid bumping into me in any way, like I had some germ they could catch, like my face was contagious.
A．infectious B．deformed C．brand-new D．relieved
51．（2023高一上·北京市月考） Ms. Petosa told us a little about who she was. It was boring stuffy about where she originally came from, and how she always wanted to reach, and she left her job on Wall Street about six years ago to pursue her "dream" and teach kids.
A．especially B．initially C．sarcastically D．giggly
（2023高一上·北京市月考）阅读理解
The Party of Their Lives
In Los Angeles's infamous Skid Row, there are hundreds of children living on the streets or in shelters. It's a place where dreams go to die. But one couple is determined to use their own experience with loss to foster a sense of hope.
In 2013, Mary Davis and her husband lost their first unborn kid. Refusing to let the heartbreak break them, they became volunteers in a Skid Row homeless shelter. They found that many of the kids there had never had a single birthday party before, so they decided to throw a birthday party for those homeless kids. They took over a room in the Union Rescue Mission and filled it with streamers, gifts and a cake. The kids were so excited that they made their own music—singing and clapping and, of course, laughing.
Since then, the couple have thrown a party each and every month. They routinely attract 250 kids and their parents. An hour before each party, volunteers arrive to set up the decorations and activities: face painting, balloon artists, a DJ, cake, and pizza. There are small presents for the kids celebrating their birthdays, but the Davis make sure there are more than enough to go around.
"I remember a mom came with her kid," Mary says. "It was their first night at the shelter, and her child had a birthday. We had an extra gift for her—pink headphones. The little girl was so excited. And her mom... she's crying. ‘I never imagined we would ever need to be in a shelter. I didn't know what to expect. But I really didn't expect a birthday party for my child.' she cried with happiness."
Doing her best to normalize these kids' lives is both heartwarming and bittersweet, Mary says. "If you look outside, you see homeless person after homeless person on the street, and it reminds you that these kids don't get to leave this area after the party."
It may be why, after throwing 88 parties, she still cries after each one. She credits the kids in the shelter with helping her hold on to hope. "We didn't realize how much joy they were going to bring us," she told CBS News. "And it was so healing for both kids and us."
52．In Skid Row, hundreds of kids ____.
A．were homeless B．lost their parents
C．dropped out of school D．were crazy about parties
53．How did the couple help the kids
A．They raised much money. B．They rented many houses.
C．They hosted birthday parties. D．They made birthday presents.
54．According to the passage, which can best describe Mary
A．Honest and generous. B．Caring and generous.
C．Outgoing and caring. D．Outgoing and honest.
55．What does the story intend to tell us
A．Well begun, half done.
B．East or west, home is best.
C．What goes around comes around.
D．Where there is love, there is hope.
（2023高一上·北京市月考）阅读理解
Bright Nights, Big Problems
Astronomers
rate the darkness of our skies on a range of 9 (brightest) to 1 (darkest), and
most of us spend our lives in the light of levels 5 to 8. All over the globe
our nights are growing brighter, and almost nowhere are they growing darker.
Studies increasingly link our overuse of light at night with health concerns
such as sleep disorders and diseases. Other studies report the damaging
ecological consequences and the big waste of energy. But the steady loss of
darkness from our lives is not easily measured, for the true value of darkness
is something we are barely aware of.
Since
the beginning of time, a sky with stars was part of the common human
experience. Everywhere on Earth, on most nights, people came face to face with
the universe. This experience influenced their beliefs—their very understanding
of their place in the world. Today, many of us live under skies which are
polluted by light. We live under a night sky showing much fewer stars. Although
our night sky continues to shape us, it is the absence of the universe around
us that influences our beliefs to create. We are being shaped by a less
experience of darkness, and most of us don't even know what we are missing.
Our
Milky Way galaxy is home to several hundred billion stars, and the universe
home to several hundred billion other galaxies. A sky with a large number of
stars encourages us to emphasize our importance, to imagine humanity as the
center of all things. Face to face with the endless size of the universe, we
have the chance to know how insignificant we really are. But we also realize
the true largeness of our living on this planet, and realize that we have an
enormous responsibility to care, that there is no other place to go, that home
is here.
"Everyone
needs beauty as well as bread," wrote John Muir, American naturalist.
Lighting designers understand that without darkness, there is no "city of
light", and they work constantly to create their city's atmospheric beauty
by mixing artificial light with darkness. And with night's moonlit geographies,
its smells of desert rain and autumn fires, its insect symphonies interrupted
by a bird's call on a lake, natural darkness has many offerings of its own.
Yet
we are completely involved in artificial light. Much of this lighting is wholly
unnecessary, born of habit and lack of awareness. So let us become aware:
simply by keeping our existing lights we could significantly reduce their
negative effects on our body, our mind, our soul. Artificial light at night is
a wonder, a quality that enriches our lives. But the same has always been true
of darkness, and can be again.
56．The author suggests that because of light pollution we ______.
A．tend to come face to face with the universe
B．need a lot of imagination to understand the universe
C．are considerably less creative than our ancient ancestors were
D．experience the world in a different way to previous generations
57．What does the author think about humans in Paragraph 3
A．We have an over-confident belief in our own value.
B．We behave as if nothing exists apart from ourselves.
C．We ignore the requirement of looking after our planet.
D．We avoid thinking too deeply about our role on Earth.
58．Why does the author include references to rain, fires and wildlife
A．To illustrate the boring life at night without artificial light.
B．To explain why people think lighting is necessary at night.
C．To provide an example of the attractive qualities of night-time.
D．To highlight the differences between urban and natural environments.
59．We can learn from the last paragraph that the author is ______.
A．clear about the reasons why artificial light is essential
B．dissatisfied with people's lack of interest in artificial light
C．willing to draw comparisons between artificial light and darkness
D．hopeful that people will become aware of the negative impact of lights
（2023高一上·北京市月考）阅读理解
What is a dream
For centuries, people have wondered about the strange places that they seem to visit in their sleep. 　60． 　 However, they have been valued as necessary to a person's health and happiness.
Historically people thought dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams scientifically believing that they tell about a person's character. 　61． 　 He believed that dreams allow a person to express fantasies or fears, which would be socially unacceptable in real life.
The second theory to become popular was Carl Jung's compensation theory. Jung, a former student of Freud, said that the purpose of a dream is not to hide something, but rather to communicate it to the dreamer. 　62． 　 Thus, people who think too highly of themselves may dream about falling; those who think too little of themselves dream of being heroes.
Using more recent research, William Domhoff from the University of California found that dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop in humans. 　63． 　 Until they reach age five, they can't express very well what their dreams are about. Once people become adults, there is little or no change in their dreams. The dreams of men and women differ. For instance, the characters that appear in the dreams of men are often other men, and often involve physical aggression.
The meaning of dreams continues to be difficult to understand.
　64． 　 If you dream that a loved one is going to die, do not panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that your loved one is going to die.
A. Dreams make up for what is lacking in waking life.
B. However, people should not take their dreams as reality.
C. They have been considered as meaningless nighttime journeys.
D. It gives scientists chances to better understand human mind.
E. Children do not dream as much as adults.
F. They think their mind is trying to tell them something.
G. First, there was Sigmund Freud's theory.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：我花费了很长的时间才能够完全领会他们为我所做的。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，句中was able to用的是一般过去时，而根据句意他们为我所做的，应该已经做完了，发生在was able to这个动作之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
2．【答案】D
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语up to now，可知应用现在完成时。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：—彼得，你们暑假去哪儿了？—几个月来我们一直忙于工作，所以我们去海滩放松了一下。由"so we went to the beach to relax ourselves "可知，"一直忙于工作"发生在 "went to the beach"之前，所以本句为过去完成时。故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：——抱歉，我没有听清楚。你是说你们想九月二十号回来吗？——抱歉，我没有表达清楚。我们想10月20号回来。根据句意，对方已经说过了，结果是让人没听清楚。可用现在完成态表达。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：—你对电影的结局感到惊讶吗 —不，我读过这本书，所以我已经知道这个故事了。此处是谓语动词，根据I already knew the story可知，说话人已经看过那本书，knew是过去式，因此"看书"这个动作发生在过去的过去，时态用过去完成时，即had done，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
6．【答案】B
【知识点】过去完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：我正要去剪玫瑰枝，但是有人剪了，是你吗？此处是谓语动词，根据was going to可知发生在过去，而某人做这件事发生在此之前，为"过去的过去"，即过去完成时。故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去完成时。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：当你到家时，给我打个电话，让我知道你已经安全到达。此处是谓语动词，结合句意，应是先到达，然后再打电话告诉到家了，因此此处表示已经发生的事，用现在完成时，且主语是第二人称you，因此应用have arrived，故选B。【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
8．【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句子结构分析，此空在句子中作谓语，主语area与name是被动关系，由时间状语last
year可知应用一般过去时；句意：去年，该海岸区被命名为国家野生动物保护区。故选A。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。学生必须掌握谓语动词的时态和语态变化。
9．【答案】D
【知识点】现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——怎么啦，杰克，你看起来如此疲惫！——噢，我一直都在粉刷房子,并且我明天必须完成。根据句意可知应采用现在完成进行时态，强调动作一直在延续。选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时的应用。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：现在是7:30。快点！你的火车8点15分发车。此处是谓语动词，表示按时间表拟定或安排好将要发生的动作，用一般现在时表示将来。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时。
11．【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：彼得从上个月就开始去上夜课，但是他仍然不能用俄语说"你叫什么名字？"此处是谓语动词，根据语境和 since last month 判断此处此处强调动作从过去开始持续到现在，且有可能继续持续，应用现在完成进行时，主语Joseph是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成进行时。
12．【答案】A
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——你读完《简·爱》了吗？——没有，昨天一整天我正在做作业。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 all day yesterday可知，应用过去进行时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去进行时。
13．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的语态；现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：正在修建的教堂很快对游客开放，所有的工作其中就绪。根据“ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.”可知教堂正在被修建，所以本句为现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及现在进行时的被动语态。
14．【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：奶奶过去常常说：生活就像在雪中行走，因为每一步都看得见。此处是奶奶过去常常说的一句话，是直接引语，句子的内容是生活哲理，所以用一般现在时，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：每隔几年，煤矿工人都要接受肺部 X 光检查，以确保他们的健康。此处是谓语动词，结合时间状语 Every few years ，可知描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般现在时。
16．【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：据报导，现在许多新房屋正在灾区兴建。由at
present 可知本句要用现在进行时态，而当
“many a ＋可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，尽管含有复数意义。
【点评】考查现在进行时被动语态，其结构是am/is/are
+ being + done。注意“many
a ＋可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
17．【答案】A
【知识点】将来进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——猜猜这是什么，我们已经拿到了今年夏天去英国短期访问的签证。——太好了，那时你将体验不同的文化。此处是谓语动词，指将来发生的事，所以用一般将来时，结合时间状语then，可知应用将来进行时，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及将来进行时。
18．【答案】C
【知识点】过去将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：在澳大利亚的黄金的发现让成千上万的人相信要发财了。A. I made 一般过去时；B. would make过去将来时；C. was to be made 表过去将来且命中注定；D. had made 过去完成时。根据句意是过去完成时，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去将来时的应用。
19．【答案】B
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：当我慢慢的走过市场时，那儿的人们正在卖各种各样的蔬菜和水果。我仔细研究了价格，买了我需要的东西。此处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据句意可知当我走过市场时，那里的人们正在做什么，所以用进行时，再根据主句时态是一般过去时，所以此处应用过去进行时，结合从句主语people，故选B。【点评】考查时态，本题涉及过去进行时。
20．【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：——昨天Joan在事故中受伤很严重而且她被送到医院去了。——噢，真的吗？我不知道。我会去看望她的。首先，对于过去发生事情的回应，用一般过去时；其次，will 与be going to 都可以表示将来的动作，be going to强调计划，打算，有做准备；而will没有，指客观上未来一段时间会去做。结合语境分析，回答者并没有打算的意思。故选A。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及一般过去时和一般将来时。
21．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意： Linda ，客人来之前一定要把桌子摆好。此处是宾语从句谓语动词，与主语 the tables是被动关系，结合时间状语从句before the guests arrive ，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
22．【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：不好意思，我没有意识到我挡住你的路了。此处是谓语动词，根据 "I was blocking your way" 用的是过去进行时，主从句时态要保持一致，结合据句意，"我没有意识到"强调的是过去的事实，所以应该用一般过去时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
23．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的语态；一般现在时
【解析】【分析】句意：在美国一些地区的英语口语中，单词末尾的"r"音被省掉。此处是谓语动词，指"r"人为地"被省掉"，所以用被动语态，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故选A。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态。
24．【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：这本书自1973年上市以来，已被翻译成三十多种文字。此处是since引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，结合时间状语 in 1973 ，可知应用一般过去时，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
25．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：资本家以前住的房子现在成了托儿所。 the capitalist used to live in 是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the house，先行词在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，应用关系代词which/that。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
26．【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我的邻居过去常常在我遇到麻烦的时候帮助我，这是非常好的。____was very kind of them 是非限制性定语从句的关系代词，修饰整个主句 My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble ，且在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
27．【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：爱丽丝收到了老板的邀请，这让她大吃一惊。____ came as a surprise 是非限制性定语从句，设空处在从句中作主语，指代先行词"an invitation"，应用关系代词which引导。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
28．【答案】D
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：把孩子放在一个他们能以不同的方式看待自己的情况中是有帮助的。 ____ they can see themselves differently是限制性限制性定语从句，先行词为situation，属于抽象地点名词，定语从句中句子结构完整，应用关系副词where引导从句，作地点状语。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
29．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】周先生的母语是汉语，他能读写几种外语。 ____　native language was Chinese 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Mr Zhou ，在从句中作native language的定语，应用关系代词whose，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句。
30．【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我带我的朋友去了颐和园，在那里我们拍了一些照片。 ____we had taken some photos是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 the Summer Palace ，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句。
31．【答案】B
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：你还记得你姐姐艺术硕士毕业的那一天吗？ ____your sister was graduated as a Master of Arts是限制性定语从句，先行词是the day ，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when，故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句。
32．【答案】D
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们都记得我们在学校一起度过的日子。 ____we spent together at school 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the days ，在从句中作 spent 的宾语，应用关系代词which/that，故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
33．【答案】D
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：你知道他不来的原因吗？ ____　he didn't come 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 the reason ，在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why，故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词why引导的限制性定语从句。
34．【答案】C
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：他有四只狗，其中最大的一只叫汪汪。 the biggest ____ is called Wang Wang 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词dogs。the biggest of"......中最大的"，which，代替dogs，作介词of的宾语，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及of which引导的非限制性定语从句。
35．【答案】B
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：这位老太太有一个儿子和两个女儿，没有一个对他好，这使他很伤心。第一空可用and连接两个并列句或用非限制性定语从句，用and的时候，后面的并列句的主语应用none of them，them指代前面的a son and two daughters，用非限制性定语从句的时候，需用whom作of的宾语，代替前面的先行词a son and two daughters，不可加and。第二空引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子作补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及非限制性定语从句。
36．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：当心！不要太靠近那所屋顶正在修葺的房子。 ____ roof is under repair 是限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词house并在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导，作roof的定语，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句。
37．【答案】A
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：火车穿过的铁路隧道很快就会完工。 through ____ the train goes是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 The railway tunnel ，在从句中作介词 through 的宾语，应用关系代词which，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及through which引导的非限制性定语从句。
38．【答案】C
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：我打算在北京度假，我年迈的父母住在那里。 ____live my old parents是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Beijing ，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句。
39．【答案】B
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：作文得了一等奖的男孩是小组中最年轻的。____composition won the first prize是限制性定语从句，先行词是 The boy ，在从句中作 composition 的定语，应用关系代词whose，故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose引导的限制性定语从句。
40．【答案】D
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。分析句子可知，此处是"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，先行词是person，指人，turn to sb for help"向某人求助"，故介词用to，关系词在从句中作介词宾语，应用关系代词whom，故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及to whom引导的限制性定语从句。
41．【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：尽管Beecher Prep离我们家只有几个街区，但我以前只去过那个街区几次。一般来说，我尽量避开有很多孩子四处游荡的街区。 ____ there are lots of kids roaming around 是限制性定语从句，先行词是 blocks ，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
42．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：下周我开始上五年级。由于我以前从未上过真正的学校，我几乎完全被吓呆了。A：confused"困惑的"；B：frightened"害怕的"；C：amazed"惊讶的"；D：impressed"印象深刻的" 。结合句意petrified是"害怕的"之意，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分petrified，confused；frightened；amazed和impressed的含义。
43．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析；动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:我喜欢妈妈讲这个故事，因为它让我笑得很开心。它不像笑话那样有趣，但当妈妈讲的时候，维娅和我就开始大笑起来。A.laughing"笑";B.crying"哭泣";C.screaming"尖叫"; D. shrugging"耸肩"。根据"it makes me laugh so much"可推知， 当妈妈讲故事时，我和维娅都笑了，所以划线部分cracking up意为"大笑"。故选A。
【点评】考查动词（短语）辨析，区分laugh；cry；scream；shrug和crack up的含义。
44．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我这么说并没有夸张，但我的心真的开始跳动，就像我刚刚跑完世界上最长的比赛一样。我内心的欢笑就这样涌了出来。A：whispering"窃窃私语"；B：shuffling"曳脚而行"；C：doodling"涂鸦"；D：overstating "夸大其词"。根据"when I say this, but my heart literally started beating like I'd just run the longest race in the world. "可知，exaggerating的意思是"夸大"，故选D。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分whisper；shuffle；doodle；overstate和exaggerate的含义。
45．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意："只有笨蛋才会当领导。"朱利安插嘴说。" Julian ，你太讨厌了!" Charlotte 说，这使 Julian 哈哈大笑。A. unpleasant"令人不愉快的"；B. steady"稳定的"；C. weird"怪异的，可怕的"；D. guilty"感到内疚的"。obnoxious意为"不愉快的，令人讨厌的"。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分unpleasant；steady；weird；guilty和obnoxious的含义。
46．【答案】C
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：亨利一直想打开他的锁，但就是打不开。他变得沮丧起来，好像在低声咒骂。A. motivated"有动机的，有积极性的"；B. fainted"昏眩的"；C. annoyed"生气的，恼怒的"；D. scared"害怕的"。frustrated意为"沮丧的、懊恼的"，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分motivated；fainted；annoyed；scared和frustrated的含义。
47．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意："好了，同学们，你们可以在课间休息时谈论星球大战的事情，"Petosa高兴地说。"但让我们继续前进。我们还没有收到你的消息，"她对 Jack 说。现在轮到 Jack 说话了，但我承认他说的话我一个字也没听见。A. break"休息"；B. routine"常规"；C. attendance"出席，到场"；D. coincidence"一致，巧合"。recess意为"课间休息"。故选A。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分break；routine；attendance；coincidence和recess的含义。
48．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：直到几天前，我们还不确定我是否会去上学。我参观完学校后，爸爸妈妈在我该不该去的问题上意见相左。不是妈妈说我不应该去，就是爸爸说我应该去。A. hesitated"犹豫"；B. shocked"使震惊"；C. exchanged"交换，交流"；D. paused"停顿，暂停"。reversed意为"彻底转变"，故选C。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分hesitate；shock；exchange；pause和reverse的含义。
49．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意："那不是真的，"她说。"我真不敢相信你会这样剪掉它，"她轻蔑地补充道，然后在离开房间时几乎砰地关上了我卧室的门。A. knocked"敲"；B. switched"交换，转换"；C. locked"锁上"；D. banged"把……砰地关上"。slammed意为"使砰地关上"，故选D。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分knock；switch；lock；bang和slam的含义。
50．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：孩子们会在我周围走最长的路，以避免以任何方式撞到我，就像我身上有细菌一样，就像我的脸会传染一样。A. infectious"有传染性的"；B. deformed"畸形的，变形的"；C. brand-new"崭新的"；D. relieved"感到宽慰的"。contagious意为"传染性的"，故选A。
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，区分infectious；deformed；brand-new；relieved和contagious的含义。
51．【答案】B
【知识点】副词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：佩托萨女士告诉了我们她是谁。关于她最初来自哪里，以及她一直想要达到的目标，这些都是无聊而乏味的。大约六年前，她辞去了华尔街的工作，去追求她的"梦想"——教书。A. especially"尤其"；B. initially"首先"；C. sarcastically"讽刺地"；D. giggly"傻笑的"。划线词originally与B选项一致，故选B。
【点评】考查副词词义辨析，区分especially；initially；sarcastically；giggly和originally的含义。
【答案】52．A
53．C
54．B
55．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妻在失去自己的孩子后，决定把对自己孩子的爱转移到帮助其他无家可归的孩子身上。通过他们的行为，尽量让这些孩子们感受到爱和希望。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
52．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In Los Angeles's infamous Skid Row, there are hundreds of children living on the streets or in shelters. ."洛杉矶臭名昭著的贫民窟，有数百名儿童流落街头或住在收容所。可知，在贫民窟，成百上千的孩子无家可归。故选A。
53．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"They found that many of the kids there had never had a single birthday party before, so they decided to throw a birthday party for those homeless kids."他们发现那里的许多孩子以前从来没有过一个生日派对，所以他们决定为那些无家可归的孩子们举办一个生日派对。可知，这对夫妻决定通过举办生日派对的方式来帮助这些孩子们。故选C。
54．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"Doing her best to normalize these kids' lives is both heartwarming and bittersweet, Mary says."玛丽说，尽她所能让这些孩子的生活正常化，既温暖又苦乐参半；以及最后一段中的"It may be why, after throwing 88 parties, she still cries after each one."这也许就是为什么在举办了88场派对之后，她每次都要哭。可知，Mary是一个乐于助人且慷慨的人。故选B。
55．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"In Los Angeles's infamous Skid Row, there are hundreds of children living on the streets or in shelters. It's a place where dreams go to die. But one couple is determined to use their own experience with loss to foster a sense of hope."在洛杉矶臭名昭著的贫民窟，有数百名儿童流落街头或住在收容所。这是一个梦想破灭的地方。但有一对夫妇决心用他们自己的经历来培养希望；以及下文这对夫妇的做法介绍可知，这对夫妇通过他们的行为，尽量让这些孩子们感受到爱和希望。可知，这个故事意在告诉我们"哪里有爱，哪里就有希望"。故选D。
【答案】56．D
57．A
58．C
59．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；环境保护类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，越来越多的研究表明，我们在晚上过度使用灯光与睡眠障碍和疾病等健康问题有关。但是，我们生活中黑暗的稳定消失并不容易衡量，因为黑暗的真正价值是我们几乎没有意识到的东西。作者通过将人造光和自然的黑暗相对比，告诉我们应当肩负起保护星球家园的责任。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
56．考查推理判断。根据第二段“Since the beginning of time, a sky with stars was part of the common human experience. Everywhere on Earth, on most nights, people came face to face with the universe. This experience influenced their beliefs—their very understanding of their place in the world. Today, many of us live under skies which are polluted by light. We live under a night sky showing much fewer stars. Although our night sky continues to shape us, it is the absence of the universe around us that influences our beliefs to create. We are being shaped by a less experience of darkness, and most of us don't even know what we are missing.”从一开始，满天繁星是人类共同经历的一部分。在地球上的每一个地方，在大多数夜晚，人们都与宇宙面对面。这种经历影响了他们的信仰——他们对自己在世界上地位的理解。今天，我们许多人生活在被光污染的天空下。我们生活在星星少得多的夜空下。虽然我们的夜空继续塑造着我们，但正是我们周围宇宙的缺失影响了我们创造的信念。我们被较少的黑暗经历所塑造，我们大多数人甚至不知道我们错过了什么。可知，作者认为，由于光污染，我们体验世界的方式与前几代人不同。故选D。
57．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Our Milky Way galaxy is home to several hundred billion stars, and the universe home to several hundred billion other galaxies. A sky with a large number of stars encourages us to emphasize our importance, to imagine humanity as the center of all things. Face to face with the endless size of the universe, we have the chance to know how insignificant we really are.”我们的银河系是几千亿颗恒星的家园，而宇宙是几千亿其他星系的家园。一个有大量星星的天空鼓励我们强调我们的重要性，想象人类是一切事物的中心。面对浩瀚无垠的宇宙，我们才有机会知道自己有多渺小。可知，作者认为人类对自己的价值过于自信。故选A。
58．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“‘Everyone needs beauty as well as bread,' wrote John Muir, American naturalist. Lighting designers understand that without darkness, there is no ‘city of light', and they work constantly to create their city's atmospheric beauty by mixing artificial light with darkness. And with night's moonlit geographies, its smells of desert rain and autumn fires, its insect symphonies interrupted by a bird's call on a lake, natural darkness has many offerings of its own.” 美国博物学家John Muir写道：“人人都需要面包，也需要美丽”。灯光设计师明白，没有黑暗，就没有“光之城”，他们不断地工作，通过人造光与黑暗的混合来创造他们城市的氛围之美。夜晚的月光照耀着大地，沙漠之雨和秋天之火的气息，昆虫发出的交响乐被湖中鸟儿的鸣叫打断，自然的黑暗也有它自己的许多贡献”可知，作者提到雨、火和野生动物，是为了给夜晚迷人的魅力提供一个例子。故选C。
59．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“So let us become aware: simply by keeping our existing lights we could significantly reduce their negative effects on our body, our mind, our soul. Artificial light at night is a wonder, a quality that enriches our lives. But the same has always been true of darkness, and can be again.”所以，我们要意识到：只要保持现有的灯光，我们就可以显著减少它们对我们身体、思想和灵魂的负面影响。夜晚的人造光是一个奇迹，一种丰富我们生活的品质。但是，黑暗一直以来都是如此，也可以再次如此。可知，作者乐于将人工光与黑暗进行比较。故选C。
【答案】60．C；61．G；62．A；63．E；64．B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员对于做梦的一些理论。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科研类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
60．根据空前"For centuries, people have wondered about the strange places that they seem to visit in their sleep. "数百年来，人们一直在想他们在睡梦中会去哪些奇怪的地方)"说明人们对于梦一直在进行相关的思考；以及空后"However, they have been valued as necessary to a person's health and happiness."然而，它们被认为是一个人健康和幸福的必要条件。说明梦被认为是人健康和幸福的必要条件，C. They have been considered as meaningless nighttime journeys."它们被认为是毫无意义的夜间旅行。"承接上文，说明了人们对梦的看法，符合语境。故选C。
61．根据空前" It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams scientifically believing that they tell about a person's character. " 直到二十世纪，人们才开始科学地研究梦，认为梦能反映一个人的性格)"说明二十世纪，人们开始科学地研究梦；以及空后"He believed that dreams allow a person to express fantasies or fears, which would be socially unacceptable in real life. "他认为，梦允许一个人表达幻想或恐惧，这在现实生活中是社会无法接受的。具体说明西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的理论，G. First, there was Sigmund Freud's theory."首先是西格蒙德·弗洛伊德的理论。"说明西格蒙德·弗洛伊德首先提出理论，承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
62．根据空后"Thus, people who think too highly of themselves may dream about falling; those who think too little of themselves dream of being heroes."因此，那些对自己评价过高的人可能会梦见跌倒；那些对自己评价过低的人梦想成为英雄)"说明人们会梦见生活中没有的一些方面， A. Dreams make up for what is lacking in waking life. "梦弥补了清醒生活中的不足。"引出下文，符合语境。故选A。
63．根据空前"Using more recent research, William Domhoff from the University of California found that dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop in humans."加利福尼亚大学的威廉·多姆霍夫通过最近的研究发现，做梦是一种需要时间在人类身上发展的心智技能。说明做梦是随着年龄增长发展的；以及空后"Until they reach age five, they cannot express very well what their dreams are about."直到他们到五岁，他们才能很好地表达他们的梦。说明孩子到五岁才能很好地表达梦， E. Children do not dream as much as adults. "孩子们做梦不像成年人那么多。"承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
64．根据空后"If you dream that a loved one is going to die, do not panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that your loved one is going to die."如果你梦见所爱的人即将死去，不要惊慌。这个梦可能有意义，但它并不意味着你所爱的人即将死去。说明梦可能有意义，但是并不意味着梦会变成现实，B. However, people should not take their dreams as reality."然而，人们不应该把梦想当成现实。"引出下文，符合语境。故选B。
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