2024-2025学年江苏省南通市通州高级中学高一上学期第一次月考英语试卷（含答案，无听力音频无听力原文）
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| 名称 | 2024-2025学年江苏省南通市通州高级中学高一上学期第一次月考英语试卷（含答案，无听力音频无听力原文） |  | |
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2024-2025学年江苏省南通市通州高级中学高一上学期第一次月考
英语试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers talking about
A. A sport game. B. A movie ticket. C. A TV program.
2. Who might have made a mistake about the cup
A. Cathy. B. Mom. C. Dad.
3. Where are the speakers
A. In a department store. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
4. What does the man think of his roommate
A. Tidy. B. Dishonest. C. Undependable.
5. What discount does the woman get for the new shoes
A. 30%. B. 63%. C. 70%.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to Mrs. Hill last weekend
A. She lost her direction. B. She was badly injured. C. Her phone was stolen.
7. Who found Mrs. Hill
A. Her husband. B. Her best friend. C. A hiker.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why is the woman getting a ticket
A. She didn’t pay for parking.
B. She parked in the wrong place.
C. She entered a park without a ticket.
9. What excuse does the woman make
A. She was in a hurry.
B. She didn’t see the sign.
C. She didn’t know the rules.
10. How does the man sound
A. Angry. B. Helpful. C. Strict.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the woman do after receiving a text message
A. She sent a message back.
B. She visited her bank’s website.
C. She checked it with her bank manager.
12. What are the speakers talking about
A. Bank service. B. Text cheat. C. Website safety.
13. How does the man feel about surfing websites online
A. Scared. B. Upset. C. Safe.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How does the man say about his own spoken English
A. Very fluent. B. Very weak. C. Not impressive.
15. What attracted the man most about the job offer
A. The regular pay rise.
B. The paid vacations.
C. The chances of promotion.
16 What’s the relationship between the two speakers
A. Coworkers. B. Mom and son. C. Friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was Easter Island first found
A. In 1100. B. In 1722. C. In 1987.
18. What caused the big fall of the population on the island
A. War. B. Disease. C. Earthquakes.
19. How many statues are on the island
A. 887. B. 788. C. 700.
20. What has been proved about the stone statues
A. They were from another planet.
B. They are the biggest stone statues in the world.
C They were built by ancient people and moved here.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Students to Compete in 34th National Science Bowl
Thousands of students from middle and high schools across the country have committed themselves to extra study hours as they prepare to compete in the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s)34th National Science Bowl(NSB). These students are hard at work now to win their regional competitions, hoping to advance to the final competition.
The first regional event will take place on January 13th with high schools from the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face off in a fast-paced, question-and-answer format, and their knowledge in all areas of science and mathematics will be tested. Regionals will continue weekly until mid-March.
The winning team from each qualifying regional competition will be qualified to compete in the National Finals to be held in Washington, D. C. , from April 25-29, 2024, with all expenses paid by DOE. The national event consists of several days of science activities and sightseeing, along with the competitions.
In the National Finals, the top two teams will earn $5, 000 for their schools’ math and science departments. Schools ranking in the top 16 will receive $1, 000 for their science departments. But to many, the ultimate prize is simply the honor of winning the National Championship.
Today, the NSB annually draws more than 10, 000 middle and high school competitors. Since the first competition in 1991, approximately 344, 000 students have faced off in the NSB Finals. The 2024 competitors will follow in the footsteps of previous NSB contestants and will blaze a trail for students in science, math, and engineering. For more information, please visit the Office of Science website.
1. Which word can best describe the regional competitions
A. Fair. B. Interesting. C. Special. D. Challenging
2. What can we learn about the National Finals
A. The championship victory is highly valued.
B. The event only involves fierce competitions.
C. Most of the expenses will be covered by DOE.
D. The prize money will be awarded to individuals.
3. What is the text
A. A news release. B. A survey report.
C. A learning project. D. A scientific review.
B
We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. Suddenly, she is pulled underwater. She surfaces, cries in fear, then disappears forever. This is the opening scene from the 1975film Jaws, showing a shark attack. It was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards. It also strengthened people’s long-held idea of the great white shark.
People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse. Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were dangerous animals that ate humans. Some started fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could. At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many were killed.
After 1975, the number of large sharks fell quickly. This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins(鳍) cut off to be used in shark fin soup. Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on. In 1980, Benchley came across an awful sight in an area where fishermen were finning, leaving the sea floor covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behavior. “Sharks don’t target humans,” he said.
Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks — some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.
4. The passage begins with a scene of the film Jaws to ________.
A. introduce the topic of sharks B. show the success of the film
C. describe how evil the shark is D. attract people to watch the film
5. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. Sharks were believed to be endangered animals.
B. Sharks wouldn’t have been killed without the film Jaws.
C. People had no idea how scary sharks were if not for the film.
D. Misunderstanding towards sharks was deepened due to the film.
6. What influence did finning have on Peter Benchley
A. He became more interested in shark movies.
B. He no longer saw sharks as a threat to humans.
C. He decided to protect sharks by rewriting his book.
D. He admitted being responsible for the deaths of sharks.
7. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of shark protection
A. Hopeful. B. Unsure. C. Mixed. D. Unconcerned.
C
Extremely lifelike prosthetic (假体的) eyes can now be 3D-printed in a fraction of the time it would normally take to produce the eyes by hand, scientists show in a new study.
The new technology can create a prosthetic eye in just 90 minutes, compared with the eight hours it would normally take a skilled technician, or ocularist (假眼制造工), to produce one by hand. The 3D-printed eyes require five times less work to make than traditional methods, the scientists behind the technology wrote in a new paper published in the journal Nature Communications.
The 3D-printed eyes also look more natural than traditional prostheses; this could help improve a patient’s self-confidence in using the devices. “Patients are very conscious about wearing a prosthesis, and they don’t want others to notice,” Johann Reinhard, lead study author and a researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research in Germany, told us. “With these more realistic eyes, it might help them to participate more in society,” he said.
The new printing approach involves taking a specialized image of a patient’s empty eye socket (窝) and of their healthy eye. These images are then processed and used to draft blueprints that can be sent to be 3D-printed in the lab. These 3D-printed eyes closely copy the color, size and structure of the patient’s healthy eye and are particularly good at capturing the colored part of the eye, known as the iris, and the white part of the eye, called the sclera. Once finished, the eyes take15 to 30 minutes to be installed (安装) by an ocularist, Reinhard said.
“About 80% of adults in need of prosthetic eyes could theoretically (理论上) have one made this way, either due to a birth defect that causes an eye to be small or missing or because they’ve lost an eye,” the team said. “However, this wouldn’t be possible for all patients, such as those who have a very complex eye socket, as the software wouldn’t be able to find a matching shape for the prosthetic eye,” Reinhard said.
“More data are needed to see if this technique could also be used to make prosthetic eyes for children, which would require more regulation,” Reinhard said.
8. Which of the following words can be best used to describe the 3D-printed eyes
A. Eco-friendly. B. Time-wasting. C. Fit-of-all. D. Realistic-looking.
9. How does the author develop his idea mainly in Paragraph 2
A. By raising questions. B. By giving examples.
C. By listing causes. D. By making a comparison.
10. Which statement is true about a 3D-printed eye
A. The patients are more likely to show off their prosthetic eyes.
B. Not every adult in need of a prosthetic eye can possibly have one.
C. It normally takes a skilled technician, or ocularist, to produce one.
D. The installment of one is 5 times faster than a traditional prosthetic eye.
11. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. 3D-printed Eyes—a Better Option
B 3D Printing—a Promising Technology
C. 3D-printed Eyes—a Source of Confidence
D. Prosthetic Eyes—the Hope for all Blind People
D
Tiny, black-capped chickadees (北美山雀) have big memories. They store food in hundreds to thousands of different locations in the wild—and then come back to these places when other food sources are low.
Scientists have known that chickadees have incredible memory skills. That memory can be a matter of life or death for these birds when there are no enough food resources in colder months.
Some researchers thought that neurons called place cells (细胞) would explain these birds’ ability to remember where their food is stored. These cells are known to include information about where things are in space. But recently, Selmaan Chettih and his team found that each time a chickadee hides a seed (种子) in a specific location, a unique brain pattern appears—separate from place cells.
To observe this, Chettih and his team created special areas with lots of feeders filled with sunflower seeds. They put small flaps (片状下垂物) where birds could hide seeds.
The scientists tracked the activity in their brains. Each time a bird hid a seed under a flap, researchers saw a brief unique brain pattern appear—what they called the bar code. Different patterns appeared even if the birds hid many seeds in the same location. When the birds revisited these sites and retrieved the hidden seeds, the same bar code-like pattern appeared again, as though all the information about each location and seed were related to a unique brain pattern.
The researchers compared these memories to episodic memories in humans, which are memories of specific events or personal experiences. They’re important to how humans connect time, people, places and sensory information together.
Chettih says that this seed-hiding behavior has a clear pattern of activity, which may help researchers build a structure for how the brain creates and stores memories.
12. Why are memory skills necessary for chickadees
A. Memory skills show their intelligence and learning abilities.
B. Memory skills can help them survive in colder months.
C. They need memory skills to identify different types of food.
D. They use memory skills to avoid being attacked by other animals.
13. What did Chettih and his team find
A. Unique brain patterns appeared when chickadees hid seeds.
B. Chickadees’ memories were controlled by place cells.
C. Chickadees preferred hiding sunflower seeds.
D. Chickadees often hid many seeds in the same location.
14. What does the underlined word “retrieved” mean in paragraph 5
A. Got back. B. Gave up. C. Repaired. D. Designed
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To compare chickadees and human memory skills.
B. To present a detailed description of chickadees.
C. To introduce a study on chickadees’ memory.
D. To provide readers with a way to improve memory skills.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is never too late to develop good study habits. However, starting making some changes is hard. Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, you’re probably having trouble getting started in the first place! ___16___.
Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Make a schedule of your time. Then decide on good, regular time for studying. ___17___, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.
Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable and quiet. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject.
Skim before you read. ___18___. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the passage and how it is organised.
___19___. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says.
Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. ___20___. Tests provide grades but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying.
There are other skills that might help you with your study. Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful.
A. Study regularly
B. Make good use of your time in class
C. There are several ways that can help you
D. Develop a positive attitude by setting realistic goals
E. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems
F. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry too much about a test
G. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Mondays, my children get ready for school in an unusual way. Each packs (打包) a large plastic bin (塑料箱) with two ____21____ of clothes, plenty of food and water, a pair of rubber boots, hats, and sometimes a bottle of hot chocolate. Then, ____22____ walking them to school as I do on the other days, I ____23____ them off at a nearby park where they spend the entire day outside at a certified (获得资质的) “forest school”.
When I first ____24____ them up, I loved the idea of giving my children an outdoor education, but was also ___25___ of a few things: Would they be comfortable outside for that long Would they stay ____26____ for that many hours Would the teachers let them act freely
My ____27____ quickly disappeared as I watched how joyful they were when I picked them up at the end of the afternoon. I was relieved (感到宽慰的) to learn that their teachers’ role is ____28____ to help when something goes wrong. The kids direct their own play, ____29____ it’s done in a public space where a teacher can see. There is no _____30_____ meal time. Sometimes my kids were so focused on their games that they forgot to _____31_____. They are learning to observe (观察) nature up close. Their confidence is _____32_____ as they complete physical tasks that normal schools would never _____33_____.
They are also making social _____34_____ across different age groups. My boys describe _____35_____ a special bond (联结) to “forest school kids” that they meet elsewhere in our small town.
21. A. changes B. styles C. collections D. types
22. A. in spite of B. instead of C. in addition to D. as for
23. A. put B. push C. drop D. see
24. A. brought B. signed C. cheered D. picked
25. A. unaware B. confident C. uncertain D. proud
26. A. unchanged B. alarmed C. unnoticed D. focused
27. A. problems B. consideration C. stress D. concerns
28. A. simply B. truly C. nearly D. finally
29. A. even if B. as long as C. in case D. as soon as
30. A. fixed B. limited C. special D. flexible
31. A. play B. drink C. eat D. rest
32. A. disappearing B. returning C. growing D. reducing
33. A. acquire B. approach C. ignore D. allow
34. A. advances B. connections C. achievements D. contributions
35. A. feeling B. expecting C. attracting D. seeking
第二节：课文语法填空。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
36. Put simply, potential is your natural ability that can ______(develop) when you try hard enough. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37. In the ________ (begin), however, it was still tough for me to remember everyone’s name! (所给词的适当形式填空)
38. I made a clock to take home. I like it so much that I still use it ________ my alarm! (用适当的词填空)
39. The one ______ attracted me most was the Rugby club.(用适当的词填空)
40. I can’t wait ________ Daniel to visit China! (用适当的词填空)
41. ________ sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation. (用适当的词填空)
42. When you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more ________ (care) and patient. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43. Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out the money Papa ________ (bring) home. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44. I can’t wait to describe to you ________ senior high school life is like. (用适当的词填空)
45. You enter a strange middle ground—no longer a small child ________ not quite an adult. (用适当的词填空)
46. You may feel anxious that you are developing ___________ a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind. （用适当的词填空）
47. Mama would put one or two coins to the side. We would watch ________ anxious interest. (用适当的词填空)
48. It was used for sudden emergencies, such as the time _______ Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor. (用适当的词填空)
49. Whatever happened, we always knew we still had the Bank ________ (depend) on. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. I noticed for the first time ________ old Mama and Papa looked. (用适当词填空)
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
51. 假如你是校英文报Problem& Advice栏目的编辑，收到一个学生的求助信，信中他说近期学习压力大，与父母关系很紧张，请你回信给予建议，内容包括：
1.表示理解和安慰；2.给出建议；3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右。2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Worried Friend,
I’m sorry to know that you are going through a tough time.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Loving Editor
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My two-year-old daughter was lovingly squished(挤) between a stack of groceries in one of my two shopping carts. Shopping once a month was a well-planned process. My list was organized so that I wouldn’t miss even one item. I knew the aisle, order, and cost of each item.
A gentleman in a suit stood behind me with three items in his hads. He looked up at his watch, then at me and smiled. I’d already let a person ahead of me with a single item. While my daughter was behaving well, I knew I’d pushed her longer than her endurance promised to last. Still, I felt for the man; he obviously had to be somewhere, and he’d be behind me a good long time.
“Why don’t you go ahead of me ” I said shifting the cart backwards. “You only have a couple of items.
“Thank you,” he replied appreciatively, stepping ahead of me.
My daughter gave him a broad smile. “Heh wo,” she said in her sweetest voice.
“Hello,” he replied, taken off guard by her friendliness. His face lit with pleasure.
As the belt moved forward, I started unloading my cart. His few items were ahead of mine separated by a red marker with the store name on it. I was only halfway finished unloading the first cart when a realization hit me. My husband had borrowed my bank card the night before and I couldn’t recall him putting it back in my wallet. I hurriedly dug out my purse and opened my wallet. My heart dropped. He hadn’t returned it.
The gentleman in front of me had paid and was picking up his groceries.
“I’ve forgotten my bank card. Could I pay with my phone ” I asked the cashier hopefully.
“I’m sorry. We only accept credit card or cash. The cashier looked down the lane, disgusted at the amount of groceries. I’m sure she was predicting she’d have to put items back on the shelves.
“It will take me an hour to run home and an hour back. Can you just put my stuff on the side please “I was discouraged. All my careful planning hadn’t helped. The hour and a half of shopping left me exhausted and I wasn’t sure how my daughter would handle another two hours in the car.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, the gentleman in front of me smiled at me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning, my family knocked at the gentleman’s door.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力：1-5 AABCA 6-10 BCBAC 11-15 CBCAB 16-20 CBBAC
答案版
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers talking about
A. A sport game. B. A movie ticket. C. A TV program.
2. Who might have made a mistake about the cup
A. Cathy. B. Mom. C. Dad.
3. Where are the speakers
A. In a department store. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
4. What does the man think of his roommate
A. Tidy. B. Dishonest. C. Undependable.
5. What discount does the woman get for the new shoes
A. 30%. B. 63%. C. 70%.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to Mrs. Hill last weekend
A. She lost her direction. B. She was badly injured. C. Her phone was stolen.
7. Who found Mrs. Hill
A. Her husband. B. Her best friend. C. A hiker.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why is the woman getting a ticket
A. She didn’t pay for parking.
B. She parked in the wrong place.
C. She entered a park without a ticket.
9. What excuse does the woman make
A. She was in a hurry.
B. She didn’t see the sign.
C. She didn’t know the rules.
10. How does the man sound
A. Angry. B. Helpful. C. Strict.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the woman do after receiving a text message
A. She sent a message back.
B. She visited her bank’s website.
C. She checked it with her bank manager.
12. What are the speakers talking about
A. Bank service. B. Text cheat. C. Website safety.
13. How does the man feel about surfing websites online
A. Scared. B. Upset. C. Safe.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How does the man say about his own spoken English
A. Very fluent. B. Very weak. C. Not impressive.
15. What attracted the man most about the job offer
A. The regular pay rise.
B. The paid vacations.
C. The chances of promotion.
16. What’s the relationship between the two speakers
A. Coworkers. B. Mom and son. C. Friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was Easter Island first found
A. In 1100. B. In 1722. C. In 1987.
18. What caused the big fall of the population on the island
A. War. B. Disease. C. Earthquakes.
19. How many statues are on the island
A. 887. B. 788. C. 700.
20. What has been proved about the stone statues
A. They were from another planet.
B. They are the biggest stone statues in the world.
C. They were built by ancient people and moved here.
听力答案 略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Students to Compete in 34th National Science Bowl
Thousands of students from middle and high schools across the country have committed themselves to extra study hours as they prepare to compete in the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s)34th National Science Bowl(NSB). These students are hard at work now to win their regional competitions, hoping to advance to the final competition.
The first regional event will take place on January 13th with high schools from the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face off in a fast-paced, question-and-answer format, and their knowledge in all areas of science and mathematics will be tested. Regionals will continue weekly until mid-March.
The winning team from each qualifying regional competition will be qualified to compete in the National Finals to be held in Washington, D. C. , from April 25-29, 2024, with all expenses paid by DOE. The national event consists of several days of science activities and sightseeing, along with the competitions.
In the National Finals, the top two teams will earn $5, 000 for their schools’ math and science departments. Schools ranking in the top 16 will receive $1, 000 for their science departments. But to many, the ultimate prize is simply the honor of winning the National Championship.
Today, the NSB annually draws more than 10, 000 middle and high school competitors. Since the first competition in 1991, approximately 344, 000 students have faced off in the NSB Finals. The 2024 competitors will follow in the footsteps of previous NSB contestants and will blaze a trail for students in science, math, and engineering. For more information, please visit the Office of Science website.
1 Which word can best describe the regional competitions
A. Fair. B. Interesting. C. Special. D. Challenging
2. What can we learn about the National Finals
A. The championship victory is highly valued.
B. The event only involves fierce competitions.
C. Most of the expenses will be covered by DOE.
D. The prize money will be awarded to individuals.
3 What is the text
A. A news release. B. A survey report.
C. A learning project. D. A scientific review.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A
B
We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. Suddenly, she is pulled underwater. She surfaces, cries in fear, then disappears forever. This is the opening scene from the 1975film Jaws, showing a shark attack. It was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards. It also strengthened people’s long-held idea of the great white shark.
People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse. Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were dangerous animals that ate humans. Some started fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could. At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many were killed.
After 1975, the number of large sharks fell quickly. This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins(鳍) cut off to be used in shark fin soup. Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on. In 1980, Benchley came across an awful sight in an area where fishermen were finning, leaving the sea floor covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behavior. “Sharks don’t target humans,” he said.
Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks — some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.
4. The passage begins with a scene of the film Jaws to ________.
A. introduce the topic of sharks B. show the success of the film
C. describe how evil the shark is D. attract people to watch the film
5. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. Sharks were believed to be endangered animals.
B. Sharks wouldn’t have been killed without the film Jaws.
C. People had no idea how scary sharks were if not for the film.
D. Misunderstanding towards sharks was deepened due to the film.
6. What influence did finning have on Peter Benchley
A. He became more interested in shark movies.
B. He no longer saw sharks as a threat to humans.
C. He decided to protect sharks by rewriting his book.
D. He admitted being responsible for the deaths of sharks.
7. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of shark protection
A. Hopeful. B. Unsure. C. Mixed. D. Unconcerned.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A
C
Extremely lifelike prosthetic (假体的) eyes can now be 3D-printed in a fraction of the time it would normally take to produce the eyes by hand, scientists show in a new study.
The new technology can create a prosthetic eye in just 90 minutes, compared with the eight hours it would normally take a skilled technician, or ocularist (假眼制造工), to produce one by hand. The 3D-printed eyes require five times less work to make than traditional methods, the scientists behind the technology wrote in a new paper published in the journal Nature Communications.
The 3D-printed eyes also look more natural than traditional prostheses; this could help improve a patient’s self-confidence in using the devices. “Patients are very conscious about wearing a prosthesis, and they don’t want others to notice,” Johann Reinhard, lead study author and a researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research in Germany, told us. “With these more realistic eyes, it might help them to participate more in society,” he said.
The new printing approach involves taking a specialized image of a patient’s empty eye socket (窝) and of their healthy eye. These images are then processed and used to draft blueprints that can be sent to be 3D-printed in the lab. These 3D-printed eyes closely copy the color, size and structure of the patient’s healthy eye and are particularly good at capturing the colored part of the eye, known as the iris, and the white part of the eye, called the sclera. Once finished, the eyes take15 to 30 minutes to be installed (安装) by an ocularist, Reinhard said.
“About 80% of adults in need of prosthetic eyes could theoretically (理论上) have one made this way, either due to a birth defect that causes an eye to be small or missing or because they’ve lost an eye,” the team said. “However, this wouldn’t be possible for all patients, such as those who have a very complex eye socket, as the software wouldn’t be able to find a matching shape for the prosthetic eye,” Reinhard said.
“More data are needed to see if this technique could also be used to make prosthetic eyes for children, which would require more regulation,” Reinhard said.
8. Which of the following words can be best used to describe the 3D-printed eyes
A. Eco-friendly. B. Time-wasting. C. Fit-of-all. D. Realistic-looking.
9. How does the author develop his idea mainly in Paragraph 2
A. By raising questions. B. By giving examples.
C. By listing causes. D. By making a comparison.
10. Which statement is true about a 3D-printed eye
A. The patients are more likely to show off their prosthetic eyes.
B. Not every adult in need of a prosthetic eye can possibly have one.
C. It normally takes a skilled technician, or ocularist, to produce one.
D. The installment of one is 5 times faster than a traditional prosthetic eye.
11. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. 3D-printed Eyes—a Better Option
B. 3D Printing—a Promising Technology
C. 3D-printed Eyes—a Source of Confidence
D. Prosthetic Eyes—the Hope for all Blind People
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. A
D
Tiny, black-capped chickadees (北美山雀) have big memories. They store food in hundreds to thousands of different locations in the wild—and then come back to these places when other food sources are low.
Scientists have known that chickadees have incredible memory skills. That memory can be a matter of life or death for these birds when there are no enough food resources in colder months.
Some researchers thought that neurons called place cells (细胞) would explain these birds’ ability to remember where their food is stored. These cells are known to include information about where things are in space. But recently, Selmaan Chettih and his team found that each time a chickadee hides a seed (种子) in a specific location, a unique brain pattern appears—separate from place cells.
To observe this, Chettih and his team created special areas with lots of feeders filled with sunflower seeds. They put small flaps (片状下垂物) where birds could hide seeds.
The scientists tracked the activity in their brains. Each time a bird hid a seed under a flap, researchers saw a brief unique brain pattern appear—what they called the bar code. Different patterns appeared even if the birds hid many seeds in the same location. When the birds revisited these sites and retrieved the hidden seeds, the same bar code-like pattern appeared again, as though all the information about each location and seed were related to a unique brain pattern.
The researchers compared these memories to episodic memories in humans, which are memories of specific events or personal experiences. They’re important to how humans connect time, people, places and sensory information together.
Chettih says that this seed-hiding behavior has a clear pattern of activity, which may help researchers build a structure for how the brain creates and stores memories.
12. Why are memory skills necessary for chickadees
A. Memory skills show their intelligence and learning abilities.
B. Memory skills can help them survive in colder months.
C. They need memory skills to identify different types of food.
D. They use memory skills to avoid being attacked by other animals.
13. What did Chettih and his team find
A. Unique brain patterns appeared when chickadees hid seeds.
B. Chickadees’ memories were controlled by place cells.
C. Chickadees preferred hiding sunflower seeds.
D. Chickadees often hid many seeds in the same location.
14. What does the underlined word “retrieved” mean in paragraph 5
A. Got back. B. Gave up. C. Repaired. D. Designed
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To compare chickadees and human memory skills.
B. To present a detailed description of chickadees.
C. To introduce a study on chickadees’ memory.
D. To provide readers with a way to improve memory skills.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is never too late to develop good study habits. However, starting making some changes is hard. Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, you’re probably having trouble getting started in the first place! ___16___.
Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Make a schedule of your time. Then decide on good, regular time for studying. ___17___, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.
Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable and quiet. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject.
Skim before you read. ___18___. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the passage and how it is organised.
___19___. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says.
Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. ___20___. Tests provide grades but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying.
There are other skills that might help you with your study. Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful.
A. Study regularly
B. Make good use of your time in class
C. There are several ways that can help you
D. Develop a positive attitude by setting realistic goals
E. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems
F. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry too much about a test
G. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Mondays, my children get ready for school in an unusual way. Each packs (打包) a large plastic bin (塑料箱) with two ____21____ of clothes, plenty of food and water, a pair of rubber boots, hats, and sometimes a bottle of hot chocolate. Then, ____22____ walking them to school as I do on the other days, I ____23____ them off at a nearby park where they spend the entire day outside at a certified (获得资质的) “forest school”.
When I first ____24____ them up, I loved the idea of giving my children an outdoor education, but was also ___25___ of a few things: Would they be comfortable outside for that long Would they stay ____26____ for that many hours Would the teachers let them act freely
My ____27____ quickly disappeared as I watched how joyful they were when I picked them up at the end of the afternoon. I was relieved (感到宽慰的) to learn that their teachers’ role is ____28____ to help when something goes wrong. The kids direct their own play, ____29____ it’s done in a public space where a teacher can see. There is no _____30_____ meal time. Sometimes my kids were so focused on their games that they forgot to _____31_____. They are learning to observe (观察) nature up close. Their confidence is _____32_____ as they complete physical tasks that normal schools would never _____33_____.
They are also making social _____34_____ across different age groups. My boys describe _____35_____ a special bond (联结) to “forest school kids” that they meet elsewhere in our small town.
21. A. changes B. styles C. collections D. types
22. A. in spite of B. instead of C. in addition to D. as for
23. A. put B. push C. drop D. see
24. A. brought B. signed C. cheered D. picked
25. A. unaware B. confident C. uncertain D. proud
26. A. unchanged B. alarmed C. unnoticed D. focused
27. A. problems B. consideration C. stress D. concerns
28. A. simply B. truly C. nearly D. finally
29. A. even if B. as long as C. in case D. as soon as
30. A. fixed B. limited C. special D. flexible
31. A. play B. drink C. eat D. rest
32. A. disappearing B. returning C. growing D. reducing
33. A. acquire B. approach C. ignore D. allow
34. A. advances B. connections C. achievements D. contributions
35. A. feeling B. expecting C. attracting D. seeking
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A
第二节：课文语法填空。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
36. Put simply, potential is your natural ability that can ______(develop) when you try hard enough. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】be developed
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：简单地说，潜力是你天生的能力，当你足够努力时，它就会得到发展。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语， your natural ability和develop为被动关系，且can后面应用动词原形。故填be developed。
37. In the ________ (begin), however, it was still tough for me to remember everyone’s name! (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】beginning
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：然而，一开始，记住每个人的名字对我来说仍然很困难！此处为名词作宾语，begin的名词为beginning意为“开始，起初”，in the beginning意为“开始”。故填beginning。
38. I made a clock to take home. I like it so much that I still use it ________ my alarm! (用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我做了一个钟带回家。我非常喜欢它，以至于我现在还把它当闹钟用！此处为use...as...意为“用……作为……”符合句意，所以此处使介词as。 故填as。
39. The one ______ attracted me most was the Rugby club.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最吸引我的是橄榄球俱乐部。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the one，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，只能使用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。
40. I can’t wait ________ Daniel to visit China! (用适当的词填空)
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我等不及丹尼尔来中国了！wait for sb to do sth“等待某人做某事”是固定搭配。故填for。
41. ________ sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Although##Though##While
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语。句意：虽然有时看起来不可能像家人一样相处，但你可以采取行动来改善这种情况。由句意可知，这里表示一种让步关系，即尽管存在某种情况，但主句中的情况仍然成立，所以此空可填 although或者though或者while引导，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Although或者Though或者While。
42. When you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more ________ (care) and patient. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】caring
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你在努力控制自己的情绪时，你希望他们能更关心你，更有耐心。此处为形容词作表语，care的形容词caring意为“关心他人的”符合句意。故填caring。
43. Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out the money Papa ________ (bring) home. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had brought
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：每个星期六晚上，妈妈都会坐在厨房的桌子旁，数爸爸带回家的钱。此处为谓语动词，Papa与bring为主动关系，且由句意可知，这里应用过去完成时，表“过去的过去”，指bring这动作发生在count out 之前。故填had brought。
44. I can’t wait to describe to you ________ senior high school life is like. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我迫不及待地想向你描述高中生活是什么样的。what sth. be like 是固定句型，表示对某事物的看法。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”，用what。故填what。
45. You enter a strange middle ground—no longer a small child ________ not quite an adult. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】but
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：你进入了一个奇怪的中间地带——不再是小孩，但也不完全是成年人。根据句意可知，空处表示转折，用连词but来连接两部分内容。故填but。
46. You may feel anxious that you are developing ___________ a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】at
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：你可能会感到很焦虑，因为你的成长速度与你的朋友不同，你的身高在猛增或者远远落后（于你的朋友）。at a ... rate表示“以……的速度”，分析句子结构可知，空格处应填介词at。故填at。
47. Mama would put one or two coins to the side. We would watch ________ anxious interest. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】with
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：妈妈会拿出一两个硬币到一旁。我们几个都饶有兴致地看着。此处为固定短语with interest意为“有兴致的”符合句意，所以此处使用介词with。故填with。
48. It was used for sudden emergencies, such as the time _______ Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：它被用于突发的紧急情况，比如克里斯汀摔断了胳膊，不得不去看医生的那次。定语从句修饰先行词time，从句缺少时间状语，故用关系副词when。故填when。
49. Whatever happened, we always knew we still had the Bank ________ (depend) on. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to depend
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论发生什么，我们都知道我们仍然可以依靠银行。have sth. to do有某事要做。根据句意，故填to depend。
50. I noticed for the first time ________ old Mama and Papa looked. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】how
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我第一次注意到爸爸妈妈看起来有多老。空处引导宾语从句，修饰形容词old用how。故填how。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
51. 假如你是校英文报Problem& Advice栏目的编辑，收到一个学生的求助信，信中他说近期学习压力大，与父母关系很紧张，请你回信给予建议，内容包括：
1.表示理解和安慰；2.给出建议；3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右。2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Worried Friend,
I’m sorry to know that you are going through a tough time.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Loving Editor
【答案】Dear Worried Friend,
I’m sorry to know that you are going through a tough time. It’s normal to face some challenges in both studies and family relationships. Everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so don’t worry too much. Here are some tips that may help you.
To improve your learning efficiency, engaging yourself in class actively can help a lot because answering teachers’ questions and thinking positively leave little room for you to be absent-minded. Organizing your time and prioritizing your tasks are also important. When it comes to strengthening the relationship with your parents, it is advisable for you to be open with them. Promise to them that you will be responsible for your schoolwork. Try to understand their perspective and listen to their concerns.
Hopefully, these suggestions will be of some help to you and wish you the best of luck in overcoming your challenges.
Loving Editor
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My two-year-old daughter was lovingly squished(挤) between a stack of groceries in one of my two shopping carts. Shopping once a month was a well-planned process. My list was organized so that I wouldn’t miss even one item. I knew the aisle, order, and cost of each item.
A gentleman in a suit stood behind me with three items in his hads. He looked up at his watch, then at me and smiled. I’d already let a person ahead of me with a single item. While my daughter was behaving well, I knew I’d pushed her longer than her endurance promised to last. Still, I felt for the man; he obviously had to be somewhere, and he’d be behind me a good long time.
“Why don’t you go ahead of me ” I said shifting the cart backwards. “You only have a couple of items.
“Thank you,” he replied appreciatively, stepping ahead of me.
My daughter gave him a broad smile. “Heh wo,” she said in her sweetest voice.
“Hello,” he replied, taken off guard by her friendliness. His face lit with pleasure.
As the belt moved forward, I started unloading my cart. His few items were ahead of mine separated by a red marker with the store name on it. I was only halfway finished unloading the first cart when a realization hit me. My husband had borrowed my bank card the night before and I couldn’t recall him putting it back in my wallet. I hurriedly dug out my purse and opened my wallet. My heart dropped. He hadn’t returned it.
The gentleman in front of me had paid and was picking up his groceries.
“I’ve forgotten my bank card. Could I pay with my phone ” I asked the cashier hopefully.
“I’m sorry. We only accept credit card or cash. The cashier looked down the lane, disgusted at the amount of groceries. I’m sure she was predicting she’d have to put items back on the shelves.
“It will take me an hour to run home and an hour back. Can you just put my stuff on the side please “I was discouraged. All my careful planning hadn’t helped. The hour and a half of shopping left me exhausted and I wasn’t sure how my daughter would handle another two hours in the car.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, the gentleman in front of me smiled at me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning, my family knocked at the gentleman’s door.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Just then, the gentleman in front of me smiled at me. His eyes were shining with kindness and empathy. Without a second thought, he turned to the cashier and said, “I’ll cover her groceries.” I was surprised by his generosity and struggled to find words to express my gratitude. As he swiped his credit card, a wave of relief washed over me. It was a small act of kindness, but it meant the world to me in that moment. With tears welling up in my eyes, I thanked him heartily feeling overwhelmed by the goodness of strangers.
The next morning, my family knocked at the gentleman’s door. We wanted to personally express our gratitude for his selflessness and repay his kindness. As he opened the door, we handed him a bouquet of flowers and a heartfelt thank-you note. He was visibly touched and invited us inside for a cup of tea. Sitting in his cozy living room, we shared stories and laughter, realizing that this chance encounter had brought us together. At that moment, I realized that sometimes the greatest blessings come in the form of unexpected friendships.
英语试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers talking about
A. A sport game. B. A movie ticket. C. A TV program.
2. Who might have made a mistake about the cup
A. Cathy. B. Mom. C. Dad.
3. Where are the speakers
A. In a department store. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
4. What does the man think of his roommate
A. Tidy. B. Dishonest. C. Undependable.
5. What discount does the woman get for the new shoes
A. 30%. B. 63%. C. 70%.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to Mrs. Hill last weekend
A. She lost her direction. B. She was badly injured. C. Her phone was stolen.
7. Who found Mrs. Hill
A. Her husband. B. Her best friend. C. A hiker.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why is the woman getting a ticket
A. She didn’t pay for parking.
B. She parked in the wrong place.
C. She entered a park without a ticket.
9. What excuse does the woman make
A. She was in a hurry.
B. She didn’t see the sign.
C. She didn’t know the rules.
10. How does the man sound
A. Angry. B. Helpful. C. Strict.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the woman do after receiving a text message
A. She sent a message back.
B. She visited her bank’s website.
C. She checked it with her bank manager.
12. What are the speakers talking about
A. Bank service. B. Text cheat. C. Website safety.
13. How does the man feel about surfing websites online
A. Scared. B. Upset. C. Safe.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How does the man say about his own spoken English
A. Very fluent. B. Very weak. C. Not impressive.
15. What attracted the man most about the job offer
A. The regular pay rise.
B. The paid vacations.
C. The chances of promotion.
16 What’s the relationship between the two speakers
A. Coworkers. B. Mom and son. C. Friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was Easter Island first found
A. In 1100. B. In 1722. C. In 1987.
18. What caused the big fall of the population on the island
A. War. B. Disease. C. Earthquakes.
19. How many statues are on the island
A. 887. B. 788. C. 700.
20. What has been proved about the stone statues
A. They were from another planet.
B. They are the biggest stone statues in the world.
C They were built by ancient people and moved here.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Students to Compete in 34th National Science Bowl
Thousands of students from middle and high schools across the country have committed themselves to extra study hours as they prepare to compete in the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s)34th National Science Bowl(NSB). These students are hard at work now to win their regional competitions, hoping to advance to the final competition.
The first regional event will take place on January 13th with high schools from the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face off in a fast-paced, question-and-answer format, and their knowledge in all areas of science and mathematics will be tested. Regionals will continue weekly until mid-March.
The winning team from each qualifying regional competition will be qualified to compete in the National Finals to be held in Washington, D. C. , from April 25-29, 2024, with all expenses paid by DOE. The national event consists of several days of science activities and sightseeing, along with the competitions.
In the National Finals, the top two teams will earn $5, 000 for their schools’ math and science departments. Schools ranking in the top 16 will receive $1, 000 for their science departments. But to many, the ultimate prize is simply the honor of winning the National Championship.
Today, the NSB annually draws more than 10, 000 middle and high school competitors. Since the first competition in 1991, approximately 344, 000 students have faced off in the NSB Finals. The 2024 competitors will follow in the footsteps of previous NSB contestants and will blaze a trail for students in science, math, and engineering. For more information, please visit the Office of Science website.
1. Which word can best describe the regional competitions
A. Fair. B. Interesting. C. Special. D. Challenging
2. What can we learn about the National Finals
A. The championship victory is highly valued.
B. The event only involves fierce competitions.
C. Most of the expenses will be covered by DOE.
D. The prize money will be awarded to individuals.
3. What is the text
A. A news release. B. A survey report.
C. A learning project. D. A scientific review.
B
We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. Suddenly, she is pulled underwater. She surfaces, cries in fear, then disappears forever. This is the opening scene from the 1975film Jaws, showing a shark attack. It was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards. It also strengthened people’s long-held idea of the great white shark.
People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse. Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were dangerous animals that ate humans. Some started fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could. At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many were killed.
After 1975, the number of large sharks fell quickly. This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins(鳍) cut off to be used in shark fin soup. Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on. In 1980, Benchley came across an awful sight in an area where fishermen were finning, leaving the sea floor covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behavior. “Sharks don’t target humans,” he said.
Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks — some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.
4. The passage begins with a scene of the film Jaws to ________.
A. introduce the topic of sharks B. show the success of the film
C. describe how evil the shark is D. attract people to watch the film
5. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. Sharks were believed to be endangered animals.
B. Sharks wouldn’t have been killed without the film Jaws.
C. People had no idea how scary sharks were if not for the film.
D. Misunderstanding towards sharks was deepened due to the film.
6. What influence did finning have on Peter Benchley
A. He became more interested in shark movies.
B. He no longer saw sharks as a threat to humans.
C. He decided to protect sharks by rewriting his book.
D. He admitted being responsible for the deaths of sharks.
7. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of shark protection
A. Hopeful. B. Unsure. C. Mixed. D. Unconcerned.
C
Extremely lifelike prosthetic (假体的) eyes can now be 3D-printed in a fraction of the time it would normally take to produce the eyes by hand, scientists show in a new study.
The new technology can create a prosthetic eye in just 90 minutes, compared with the eight hours it would normally take a skilled technician, or ocularist (假眼制造工), to produce one by hand. The 3D-printed eyes require five times less work to make than traditional methods, the scientists behind the technology wrote in a new paper published in the journal Nature Communications.
The 3D-printed eyes also look more natural than traditional prostheses; this could help improve a patient’s self-confidence in using the devices. “Patients are very conscious about wearing a prosthesis, and they don’t want others to notice,” Johann Reinhard, lead study author and a researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research in Germany, told us. “With these more realistic eyes, it might help them to participate more in society,” he said.
The new printing approach involves taking a specialized image of a patient’s empty eye socket (窝) and of their healthy eye. These images are then processed and used to draft blueprints that can be sent to be 3D-printed in the lab. These 3D-printed eyes closely copy the color, size and structure of the patient’s healthy eye and are particularly good at capturing the colored part of the eye, known as the iris, and the white part of the eye, called the sclera. Once finished, the eyes take15 to 30 minutes to be installed (安装) by an ocularist, Reinhard said.
“About 80% of adults in need of prosthetic eyes could theoretically (理论上) have one made this way, either due to a birth defect that causes an eye to be small or missing or because they’ve lost an eye,” the team said. “However, this wouldn’t be possible for all patients, such as those who have a very complex eye socket, as the software wouldn’t be able to find a matching shape for the prosthetic eye,” Reinhard said.
“More data are needed to see if this technique could also be used to make prosthetic eyes for children, which would require more regulation,” Reinhard said.
8. Which of the following words can be best used to describe the 3D-printed eyes
A. Eco-friendly. B. Time-wasting. C. Fit-of-all. D. Realistic-looking.
9. How does the author develop his idea mainly in Paragraph 2
A. By raising questions. B. By giving examples.
C. By listing causes. D. By making a comparison.
10. Which statement is true about a 3D-printed eye
A. The patients are more likely to show off their prosthetic eyes.
B. Not every adult in need of a prosthetic eye can possibly have one.
C. It normally takes a skilled technician, or ocularist, to produce one.
D. The installment of one is 5 times faster than a traditional prosthetic eye.
11. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. 3D-printed Eyes—a Better Option
B 3D Printing—a Promising Technology
C. 3D-printed Eyes—a Source of Confidence
D. Prosthetic Eyes—the Hope for all Blind People
D
Tiny, black-capped chickadees (北美山雀) have big memories. They store food in hundreds to thousands of different locations in the wild—and then come back to these places when other food sources are low.
Scientists have known that chickadees have incredible memory skills. That memory can be a matter of life or death for these birds when there are no enough food resources in colder months.
Some researchers thought that neurons called place cells (细胞) would explain these birds’ ability to remember where their food is stored. These cells are known to include information about where things are in space. But recently, Selmaan Chettih and his team found that each time a chickadee hides a seed (种子) in a specific location, a unique brain pattern appears—separate from place cells.
To observe this, Chettih and his team created special areas with lots of feeders filled with sunflower seeds. They put small flaps (片状下垂物) where birds could hide seeds.
The scientists tracked the activity in their brains. Each time a bird hid a seed under a flap, researchers saw a brief unique brain pattern appear—what they called the bar code. Different patterns appeared even if the birds hid many seeds in the same location. When the birds revisited these sites and retrieved the hidden seeds, the same bar code-like pattern appeared again, as though all the information about each location and seed were related to a unique brain pattern.
The researchers compared these memories to episodic memories in humans, which are memories of specific events or personal experiences. They’re important to how humans connect time, people, places and sensory information together.
Chettih says that this seed-hiding behavior has a clear pattern of activity, which may help researchers build a structure for how the brain creates and stores memories.
12. Why are memory skills necessary for chickadees
A. Memory skills show their intelligence and learning abilities.
B. Memory skills can help them survive in colder months.
C. They need memory skills to identify different types of food.
D. They use memory skills to avoid being attacked by other animals.
13. What did Chettih and his team find
A. Unique brain patterns appeared when chickadees hid seeds.
B. Chickadees’ memories were controlled by place cells.
C. Chickadees preferred hiding sunflower seeds.
D. Chickadees often hid many seeds in the same location.
14. What does the underlined word “retrieved” mean in paragraph 5
A. Got back. B. Gave up. C. Repaired. D. Designed
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To compare chickadees and human memory skills.
B. To present a detailed description of chickadees.
C. To introduce a study on chickadees’ memory.
D. To provide readers with a way to improve memory skills.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is never too late to develop good study habits. However, starting making some changes is hard. Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, you’re probably having trouble getting started in the first place! ___16___.
Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Make a schedule of your time. Then decide on good, regular time for studying. ___17___, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.
Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable and quiet. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject.
Skim before you read. ___18___. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the passage and how it is organised.
___19___. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says.
Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. ___20___. Tests provide grades but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying.
There are other skills that might help you with your study. Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful.
A. Study regularly
B. Make good use of your time in class
C. There are several ways that can help you
D. Develop a positive attitude by setting realistic goals
E. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems
F. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry too much about a test
G. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Mondays, my children get ready for school in an unusual way. Each packs (打包) a large plastic bin (塑料箱) with two ____21____ of clothes, plenty of food and water, a pair of rubber boots, hats, and sometimes a bottle of hot chocolate. Then, ____22____ walking them to school as I do on the other days, I ____23____ them off at a nearby park where they spend the entire day outside at a certified (获得资质的) “forest school”.
When I first ____24____ them up, I loved the idea of giving my children an outdoor education, but was also ___25___ of a few things: Would they be comfortable outside for that long Would they stay ____26____ for that many hours Would the teachers let them act freely
My ____27____ quickly disappeared as I watched how joyful they were when I picked them up at the end of the afternoon. I was relieved (感到宽慰的) to learn that their teachers’ role is ____28____ to help when something goes wrong. The kids direct their own play, ____29____ it’s done in a public space where a teacher can see. There is no _____30_____ meal time. Sometimes my kids were so focused on their games that they forgot to _____31_____. They are learning to observe (观察) nature up close. Their confidence is _____32_____ as they complete physical tasks that normal schools would never _____33_____.
They are also making social _____34_____ across different age groups. My boys describe _____35_____ a special bond (联结) to “forest school kids” that they meet elsewhere in our small town.
21. A. changes B. styles C. collections D. types
22. A. in spite of B. instead of C. in addition to D. as for
23. A. put B. push C. drop D. see
24. A. brought B. signed C. cheered D. picked
25. A. unaware B. confident C. uncertain D. proud
26. A. unchanged B. alarmed C. unnoticed D. focused
27. A. problems B. consideration C. stress D. concerns
28. A. simply B. truly C. nearly D. finally
29. A. even if B. as long as C. in case D. as soon as
30. A. fixed B. limited C. special D. flexible
31. A. play B. drink C. eat D. rest
32. A. disappearing B. returning C. growing D. reducing
33. A. acquire B. approach C. ignore D. allow
34. A. advances B. connections C. achievements D. contributions
35. A. feeling B. expecting C. attracting D. seeking
第二节：课文语法填空。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
36. Put simply, potential is your natural ability that can ______(develop) when you try hard enough. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37. In the ________ (begin), however, it was still tough for me to remember everyone’s name! (所给词的适当形式填空)
38. I made a clock to take home. I like it so much that I still use it ________ my alarm! (用适当的词填空)
39. The one ______ attracted me most was the Rugby club.(用适当的词填空)
40. I can’t wait ________ Daniel to visit China! (用适当的词填空)
41. ________ sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation. (用适当的词填空)
42. When you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more ________ (care) and patient. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43. Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out the money Papa ________ (bring) home. (所给词的适当形式填空)
44. I can’t wait to describe to you ________ senior high school life is like. (用适当的词填空)
45. You enter a strange middle ground—no longer a small child ________ not quite an adult. (用适当的词填空)
46. You may feel anxious that you are developing ___________ a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind. （用适当的词填空）
47. Mama would put one or two coins to the side. We would watch ________ anxious interest. (用适当的词填空)
48. It was used for sudden emergencies, such as the time _______ Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor. (用适当的词填空)
49. Whatever happened, we always knew we still had the Bank ________ (depend) on. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. I noticed for the first time ________ old Mama and Papa looked. (用适当词填空)
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
51. 假如你是校英文报Problem& Advice栏目的编辑，收到一个学生的求助信，信中他说近期学习压力大，与父母关系很紧张，请你回信给予建议，内容包括：
1.表示理解和安慰；2.给出建议；3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右。2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Worried Friend,
I’m sorry to know that you are going through a tough time.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Loving Editor
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My two-year-old daughter was lovingly squished(挤) between a stack of groceries in one of my two shopping carts. Shopping once a month was a well-planned process. My list was organized so that I wouldn’t miss even one item. I knew the aisle, order, and cost of each item.
A gentleman in a suit stood behind me with three items in his hads. He looked up at his watch, then at me and smiled. I’d already let a person ahead of me with a single item. While my daughter was behaving well, I knew I’d pushed her longer than her endurance promised to last. Still, I felt for the man; he obviously had to be somewhere, and he’d be behind me a good long time.
“Why don’t you go ahead of me ” I said shifting the cart backwards. “You only have a couple of items.
“Thank you,” he replied appreciatively, stepping ahead of me.
My daughter gave him a broad smile. “Heh wo,” she said in her sweetest voice.
“Hello,” he replied, taken off guard by her friendliness. His face lit with pleasure.
As the belt moved forward, I started unloading my cart. His few items were ahead of mine separated by a red marker with the store name on it. I was only halfway finished unloading the first cart when a realization hit me. My husband had borrowed my bank card the night before and I couldn’t recall him putting it back in my wallet. I hurriedly dug out my purse and opened my wallet. My heart dropped. He hadn’t returned it.
The gentleman in front of me had paid and was picking up his groceries.
“I’ve forgotten my bank card. Could I pay with my phone ” I asked the cashier hopefully.
“I’m sorry. We only accept credit card or cash. The cashier looked down the lane, disgusted at the amount of groceries. I’m sure she was predicting she’d have to put items back on the shelves.
“It will take me an hour to run home and an hour back. Can you just put my stuff on the side please “I was discouraged. All my careful planning hadn’t helped. The hour and a half of shopping left me exhausted and I wasn’t sure how my daughter would handle another two hours in the car.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, the gentleman in front of me smiled at me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning, my family knocked at the gentleman’s door.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力：1-5 AABCA 6-10 BCBAC 11-15 CBCAB 16-20 CBBAC
答案版
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers talking about
A. A sport game. B. A movie ticket. C. A TV program.
2. Who might have made a mistake about the cup
A. Cathy. B. Mom. C. Dad.
3. Where are the speakers
A. In a department store. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant.
4. What does the man think of his roommate
A. Tidy. B. Dishonest. C. Undependable.
5. What discount does the woman get for the new shoes
A. 30%. B. 63%. C. 70%.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to Mrs. Hill last weekend
A. She lost her direction. B. She was badly injured. C. Her phone was stolen.
7. Who found Mrs. Hill
A. Her husband. B. Her best friend. C. A hiker.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why is the woman getting a ticket
A. She didn’t pay for parking.
B. She parked in the wrong place.
C. She entered a park without a ticket.
9. What excuse does the woman make
A. She was in a hurry.
B. She didn’t see the sign.
C. She didn’t know the rules.
10. How does the man sound
A. Angry. B. Helpful. C. Strict.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What did the woman do after receiving a text message
A. She sent a message back.
B. She visited her bank’s website.
C. She checked it with her bank manager.
12. What are the speakers talking about
A. Bank service. B. Text cheat. C. Website safety.
13. How does the man feel about surfing websites online
A. Scared. B. Upset. C. Safe.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How does the man say about his own spoken English
A. Very fluent. B. Very weak. C. Not impressive.
15. What attracted the man most about the job offer
A. The regular pay rise.
B. The paid vacations.
C. The chances of promotion.
16. What’s the relationship between the two speakers
A. Coworkers. B. Mom and son. C. Friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was Easter Island first found
A. In 1100. B. In 1722. C. In 1987.
18. What caused the big fall of the population on the island
A. War. B. Disease. C. Earthquakes.
19. How many statues are on the island
A. 887. B. 788. C. 700.
20. What has been proved about the stone statues
A. They were from another planet.
B. They are the biggest stone statues in the world.
C. They were built by ancient people and moved here.
听力答案 略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Students to Compete in 34th National Science Bowl
Thousands of students from middle and high schools across the country have committed themselves to extra study hours as they prepare to compete in the Department of Energy’s (DOE’s)34th National Science Bowl(NSB). These students are hard at work now to win their regional competitions, hoping to advance to the final competition.
The first regional event will take place on January 13th with high schools from the D. C. /Maryland area. Teams will face off in a fast-paced, question-and-answer format, and their knowledge in all areas of science and mathematics will be tested. Regionals will continue weekly until mid-March.
The winning team from each qualifying regional competition will be qualified to compete in the National Finals to be held in Washington, D. C. , from April 25-29, 2024, with all expenses paid by DOE. The national event consists of several days of science activities and sightseeing, along with the competitions.
In the National Finals, the top two teams will earn $5, 000 for their schools’ math and science departments. Schools ranking in the top 16 will receive $1, 000 for their science departments. But to many, the ultimate prize is simply the honor of winning the National Championship.
Today, the NSB annually draws more than 10, 000 middle and high school competitors. Since the first competition in 1991, approximately 344, 000 students have faced off in the NSB Finals. The 2024 competitors will follow in the footsteps of previous NSB contestants and will blaze a trail for students in science, math, and engineering. For more information, please visit the Office of Science website.
1 Which word can best describe the regional competitions
A. Fair. B. Interesting. C. Special. D. Challenging
2. What can we learn about the National Finals
A. The championship victory is highly valued.
B. The event only involves fierce competitions.
C. Most of the expenses will be covered by DOE.
D. The prize money will be awarded to individuals.
3 What is the text
A. A news release. B. A survey report.
C. A learning project. D. A scientific review.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A
B
We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea. Suddenly, she is pulled underwater. She surfaces, cries in fear, then disappears forever. This is the opening scene from the 1975film Jaws, showing a shark attack. It was a great success, attracting huge audiences and winning many awards. It also strengthened people’s long-held idea of the great white shark.
People have always been scared of sharks, but Jaws made things worse. Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were dangerous animals that ate humans. Some started fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could. At that time, nobody cared if sharks were killed, or how many were killed.
After 1975, the number of large sharks fell quickly. This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning. Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins(鳍) cut off to be used in shark fin soup. Finning kills millions of sharks a year.
Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on. In 1980, Benchley came across an awful sight in an area where fishermen were finning, leaving the sea floor covered with dead sharks. Benchley saw sharks being killed and this caused a deep change in him. He came to see people as a danger to sharks, rather than the other way round. From that day on, he fought to protect sharks. He admitted that his book was wrong about sharks’ behavior. “Sharks don’t target humans,” he said.
Fortunately, not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks — some became interested in understanding them. Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.
4. The passage begins with a scene of the film Jaws to ________.
A. introduce the topic of sharks B. show the success of the film
C. describe how evil the shark is D. attract people to watch the film
5. What can we learn from paragraph 2
A. Sharks were believed to be endangered animals.
B. Sharks wouldn’t have been killed without the film Jaws.
C. People had no idea how scary sharks were if not for the film.
D. Misunderstanding towards sharks was deepened due to the film.
6. What influence did finning have on Peter Benchley
A. He became more interested in shark movies.
B. He no longer saw sharks as a threat to humans.
C. He decided to protect sharks by rewriting his book.
D. He admitted being responsible for the deaths of sharks.
7. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of shark protection
A. Hopeful. B. Unsure. C. Mixed. D. Unconcerned.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A
C
Extremely lifelike prosthetic (假体的) eyes can now be 3D-printed in a fraction of the time it would normally take to produce the eyes by hand, scientists show in a new study.
The new technology can create a prosthetic eye in just 90 minutes, compared with the eight hours it would normally take a skilled technician, or ocularist (假眼制造工), to produce one by hand. The 3D-printed eyes require five times less work to make than traditional methods, the scientists behind the technology wrote in a new paper published in the journal Nature Communications.
The 3D-printed eyes also look more natural than traditional prostheses; this could help improve a patient’s self-confidence in using the devices. “Patients are very conscious about wearing a prosthesis, and they don’t want others to notice,” Johann Reinhard, lead study author and a researcher at the Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research in Germany, told us. “With these more realistic eyes, it might help them to participate more in society,” he said.
The new printing approach involves taking a specialized image of a patient’s empty eye socket (窝) and of their healthy eye. These images are then processed and used to draft blueprints that can be sent to be 3D-printed in the lab. These 3D-printed eyes closely copy the color, size and structure of the patient’s healthy eye and are particularly good at capturing the colored part of the eye, known as the iris, and the white part of the eye, called the sclera. Once finished, the eyes take15 to 30 minutes to be installed (安装) by an ocularist, Reinhard said.
“About 80% of adults in need of prosthetic eyes could theoretically (理论上) have one made this way, either due to a birth defect that causes an eye to be small or missing or because they’ve lost an eye,” the team said. “However, this wouldn’t be possible for all patients, such as those who have a very complex eye socket, as the software wouldn’t be able to find a matching shape for the prosthetic eye,” Reinhard said.
“More data are needed to see if this technique could also be used to make prosthetic eyes for children, which would require more regulation,” Reinhard said.
8. Which of the following words can be best used to describe the 3D-printed eyes
A. Eco-friendly. B. Time-wasting. C. Fit-of-all. D. Realistic-looking.
9. How does the author develop his idea mainly in Paragraph 2
A. By raising questions. B. By giving examples.
C. By listing causes. D. By making a comparison.
10. Which statement is true about a 3D-printed eye
A. The patients are more likely to show off their prosthetic eyes.
B. Not every adult in need of a prosthetic eye can possibly have one.
C. It normally takes a skilled technician, or ocularist, to produce one.
D. The installment of one is 5 times faster than a traditional prosthetic eye.
11. Which of the following would be the best title for the text
A. 3D-printed Eyes—a Better Option
B. 3D Printing—a Promising Technology
C. 3D-printed Eyes—a Source of Confidence
D. Prosthetic Eyes—the Hope for all Blind People
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. A
D
Tiny, black-capped chickadees (北美山雀) have big memories. They store food in hundreds to thousands of different locations in the wild—and then come back to these places when other food sources are low.
Scientists have known that chickadees have incredible memory skills. That memory can be a matter of life or death for these birds when there are no enough food resources in colder months.
Some researchers thought that neurons called place cells (细胞) would explain these birds’ ability to remember where their food is stored. These cells are known to include information about where things are in space. But recently, Selmaan Chettih and his team found that each time a chickadee hides a seed (种子) in a specific location, a unique brain pattern appears—separate from place cells.
To observe this, Chettih and his team created special areas with lots of feeders filled with sunflower seeds. They put small flaps (片状下垂物) where birds could hide seeds.
The scientists tracked the activity in their brains. Each time a bird hid a seed under a flap, researchers saw a brief unique brain pattern appear—what they called the bar code. Different patterns appeared even if the birds hid many seeds in the same location. When the birds revisited these sites and retrieved the hidden seeds, the same bar code-like pattern appeared again, as though all the information about each location and seed were related to a unique brain pattern.
The researchers compared these memories to episodic memories in humans, which are memories of specific events or personal experiences. They’re important to how humans connect time, people, places and sensory information together.
Chettih says that this seed-hiding behavior has a clear pattern of activity, which may help researchers build a structure for how the brain creates and stores memories.
12. Why are memory skills necessary for chickadees
A. Memory skills show their intelligence and learning abilities.
B. Memory skills can help them survive in colder months.
C. They need memory skills to identify different types of food.
D. They use memory skills to avoid being attacked by other animals.
13. What did Chettih and his team find
A. Unique brain patterns appeared when chickadees hid seeds.
B. Chickadees’ memories were controlled by place cells.
C. Chickadees preferred hiding sunflower seeds.
D. Chickadees often hid many seeds in the same location.
14. What does the underlined word “retrieved” mean in paragraph 5
A. Got back. B. Gave up. C. Repaired. D. Designed
15. What is the purpose of the text
A. To compare chickadees and human memory skills.
B. To present a detailed description of chickadees.
C. To introduce a study on chickadees’ memory.
D. To provide readers with a way to improve memory skills.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is never too late to develop good study habits. However, starting making some changes is hard. Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, you’re probably having trouble getting started in the first place! ___16___.
Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Make a schedule of your time. Then decide on good, regular time for studying. ___17___, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.
Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable and quiet. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject.
Skim before you read. ___18___. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the passage and how it is organised.
___19___. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says.
Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. ___20___. Tests provide grades but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying.
There are other skills that might help you with your study. Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful.
A. Study regularly
B. Make good use of your time in class
C. There are several ways that can help you
D. Develop a positive attitude by setting realistic goals
E. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems
F. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry too much about a test
G. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On Mondays, my children get ready for school in an unusual way. Each packs (打包) a large plastic bin (塑料箱) with two ____21____ of clothes, plenty of food and water, a pair of rubber boots, hats, and sometimes a bottle of hot chocolate. Then, ____22____ walking them to school as I do on the other days, I ____23____ them off at a nearby park where they spend the entire day outside at a certified (获得资质的) “forest school”.
When I first ____24____ them up, I loved the idea of giving my children an outdoor education, but was also ___25___ of a few things: Would they be comfortable outside for that long Would they stay ____26____ for that many hours Would the teachers let them act freely
My ____27____ quickly disappeared as I watched how joyful they were when I picked them up at the end of the afternoon. I was relieved (感到宽慰的) to learn that their teachers’ role is ____28____ to help when something goes wrong. The kids direct their own play, ____29____ it’s done in a public space where a teacher can see. There is no _____30_____ meal time. Sometimes my kids were so focused on their games that they forgot to _____31_____. They are learning to observe (观察) nature up close. Their confidence is _____32_____ as they complete physical tasks that normal schools would never _____33_____.
They are also making social _____34_____ across different age groups. My boys describe _____35_____ a special bond (联结) to “forest school kids” that they meet elsewhere in our small town.
21. A. changes B. styles C. collections D. types
22. A. in spite of B. instead of C. in addition to D. as for
23. A. put B. push C. drop D. see
24. A. brought B. signed C. cheered D. picked
25. A. unaware B. confident C. uncertain D. proud
26. A. unchanged B. alarmed C. unnoticed D. focused
27. A. problems B. consideration C. stress D. concerns
28. A. simply B. truly C. nearly D. finally
29. A. even if B. as long as C. in case D. as soon as
30. A. fixed B. limited C. special D. flexible
31. A. play B. drink C. eat D. rest
32. A. disappearing B. returning C. growing D. reducing
33. A. acquire B. approach C. ignore D. allow
34. A. advances B. connections C. achievements D. contributions
35. A. feeling B. expecting C. attracting D. seeking
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A
第二节：课文语法填空。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
36. Put simply, potential is your natural ability that can ______(develop) when you try hard enough. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】be developed
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：简单地说，潜力是你天生的能力，当你足够努力时，它就会得到发展。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语， your natural ability和develop为被动关系，且can后面应用动词原形。故填be developed。
37. In the ________ (begin), however, it was still tough for me to remember everyone’s name! (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】beginning
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：然而，一开始，记住每个人的名字对我来说仍然很困难！此处为名词作宾语，begin的名词为beginning意为“开始，起初”，in the beginning意为“开始”。故填beginning。
38. I made a clock to take home. I like it so much that I still use it ________ my alarm! (用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我做了一个钟带回家。我非常喜欢它，以至于我现在还把它当闹钟用！此处为use...as...意为“用……作为……”符合句意，所以此处使介词as。 故填as。
39. The one ______ attracted me most was the Rugby club.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最吸引我的是橄榄球俱乐部。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the one，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，只能使用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。
40. I can’t wait ________ Daniel to visit China! (用适当的词填空)
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我等不及丹尼尔来中国了！wait for sb to do sth“等待某人做某事”是固定搭配。故填for。
41. ________ sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Although##Though##While
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语。句意：虽然有时看起来不可能像家人一样相处，但你可以采取行动来改善这种情况。由句意可知，这里表示一种让步关系，即尽管存在某种情况，但主句中的情况仍然成立，所以此空可填 although或者though或者while引导，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Although或者Though或者While。
42. When you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more ________ (care) and patient. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】caring
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你在努力控制自己的情绪时，你希望他们能更关心你，更有耐心。此处为形容词作表语，care的形容词caring意为“关心他人的”符合句意。故填caring。
43. Every Saturday night Mama would sit down by the kitchen table and count out the money Papa ________ (bring) home. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had brought
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：每个星期六晚上，妈妈都会坐在厨房的桌子旁，数爸爸带回家的钱。此处为谓语动词，Papa与bring为主动关系，且由句意可知，这里应用过去完成时，表“过去的过去”，指bring这动作发生在count out 之前。故填had brought。
44. I can’t wait to describe to you ________ senior high school life is like. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我迫不及待地想向你描述高中生活是什么样的。what sth. be like 是固定句型，表示对某事物的看法。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”，用what。故填what。
45. You enter a strange middle ground—no longer a small child ________ not quite an adult. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】but
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：你进入了一个奇怪的中间地带——不再是小孩，但也不完全是成年人。根据句意可知，空处表示转折，用连词but来连接两部分内容。故填but。
46. You may feel anxious that you are developing ___________ a different rate to your friends, shooting up in height or getting left far behind. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】at
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：你可能会感到很焦虑，因为你的成长速度与你的朋友不同，你的身高在猛增或者远远落后（于你的朋友）。at a ... rate表示“以……的速度”，分析句子结构可知，空格处应填介词at。故填at。
47. Mama would put one or two coins to the side. We would watch ________ anxious interest. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】with
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：妈妈会拿出一两个硬币到一旁。我们几个都饶有兴致地看着。此处为固定短语with interest意为“有兴致的”符合句意，所以此处使用介词with。故填with。
48. It was used for sudden emergencies, such as the time _______ Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：它被用于突发的紧急情况，比如克里斯汀摔断了胳膊，不得不去看医生的那次。定语从句修饰先行词time，从句缺少时间状语，故用关系副词when。故填when。
49. Whatever happened, we always knew we still had the Bank ________ (depend) on. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to depend
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论发生什么，我们都知道我们仍然可以依靠银行。have sth. to do有某事要做。根据句意，故填to depend。
50. I noticed for the first time ________ old Mama and Papa looked. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】how
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我第一次注意到爸爸妈妈看起来有多老。空处引导宾语从句，修饰形容词old用how。故填how。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
51. 假如你是校英文报Problem& Advice栏目的编辑，收到一个学生的求助信，信中他说近期学习压力大，与父母关系很紧张，请你回信给予建议，内容包括：
1.表示理解和安慰；2.给出建议；3.表达祝愿。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右。2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Worried Friend,
I’m sorry to know that you are going through a tough time.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Loving Editor
【答案】Dear Worried Friend,
I’m sorry to know that you are going through a tough time. It’s normal to face some challenges in both studies and family relationships. Everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so don’t worry too much. Here are some tips that may help you.
To improve your learning efficiency, engaging yourself in class actively can help a lot because answering teachers’ questions and thinking positively leave little room for you to be absent-minded. Organizing your time and prioritizing your tasks are also important. When it comes to strengthening the relationship with your parents, it is advisable for you to be open with them. Promise to them that you will be responsible for your schoolwork. Try to understand their perspective and listen to their concerns.
Hopefully, these suggestions will be of some help to you and wish you the best of luck in overcoming your challenges.
Loving Editor
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My two-year-old daughter was lovingly squished(挤) between a stack of groceries in one of my two shopping carts. Shopping once a month was a well-planned process. My list was organized so that I wouldn’t miss even one item. I knew the aisle, order, and cost of each item.
A gentleman in a suit stood behind me with three items in his hads. He looked up at his watch, then at me and smiled. I’d already let a person ahead of me with a single item. While my daughter was behaving well, I knew I’d pushed her longer than her endurance promised to last. Still, I felt for the man; he obviously had to be somewhere, and he’d be behind me a good long time.
“Why don’t you go ahead of me ” I said shifting the cart backwards. “You only have a couple of items.
“Thank you,” he replied appreciatively, stepping ahead of me.
My daughter gave him a broad smile. “Heh wo,” she said in her sweetest voice.
“Hello,” he replied, taken off guard by her friendliness. His face lit with pleasure.
As the belt moved forward, I started unloading my cart. His few items were ahead of mine separated by a red marker with the store name on it. I was only halfway finished unloading the first cart when a realization hit me. My husband had borrowed my bank card the night before and I couldn’t recall him putting it back in my wallet. I hurriedly dug out my purse and opened my wallet. My heart dropped. He hadn’t returned it.
The gentleman in front of me had paid and was picking up his groceries.
“I’ve forgotten my bank card. Could I pay with my phone ” I asked the cashier hopefully.
“I’m sorry. We only accept credit card or cash. The cashier looked down the lane, disgusted at the amount of groceries. I’m sure she was predicting she’d have to put items back on the shelves.
“It will take me an hour to run home and an hour back. Can you just put my stuff on the side please “I was discouraged. All my careful planning hadn’t helped. The hour and a half of shopping left me exhausted and I wasn’t sure how my daughter would handle another two hours in the car.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then, the gentleman in front of me smiled at me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next morning, my family knocked at the gentleman’s door.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Just then, the gentleman in front of me smiled at me. His eyes were shining with kindness and empathy. Without a second thought, he turned to the cashier and said, “I’ll cover her groceries.” I was surprised by his generosity and struggled to find words to express my gratitude. As he swiped his credit card, a wave of relief washed over me. It was a small act of kindness, but it meant the world to me in that moment. With tears welling up in my eyes, I thanked him heartily feeling overwhelmed by the goodness of strangers.
The next morning, my family knocked at the gentleman’s door. We wanted to personally express our gratitude for his selflessness and repay his kindness. As he opened the door, we handed him a bouquet of flowers and a heartfelt thank-you note. He was visibly touched and invited us inside for a cup of tea. Sitting in his cozy living room, we shared stories and laughter, realizing that this chance encounter had brought us together. At that moment, I realized that sometimes the greatest blessings come in the form of unexpected friendships.
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