2016年中考英语总复习第一轮话题复习
第三章 周围的环境
话题检测
一、根据句意完成已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词，使补全后的句子意思通顺，语法正确。
1. Toys Cinema has the largest screen. We can see the movies c ______?.
2. She can't fall asleep because of the big n____.www.21-cn-jy.com
3. This sat in c______ chairs chatting heavily.
4. We must do our homework c______ and try not to make more mistakes.
5. I r_____ a letter from my pen friend yesterday.21·cn·jy·com
6. Tom’s elder brother is a bad boy while Tom is even w_____.
7. We are strong against dropping litter ______(到处). 2·1·c·n·j·y
8. Are there any _____(警察) in the room? .
9. Liu Qian is a famous _____(魔术师).
10. He didn't know which way to _____(选择).
二、选择最佳答案填空。
1. Sometimes it often rains _____ in my hometown in summer.
A. heavy B. hardly
C. heavily D. strongly
2.－What do you think of the woman singer?
－Her voice sounds _____. I like her songs.
A. sweet B. sweetly
C. bad D. badly
3.－The scarves are all beautiful. I can’t decide which one to choose.
－Oh, look at this red one. I think it’s _____.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
C. the most beautiful D. less beautiful21·世纪*教育网
4. In North America, _____ meat eaters are bears and mountain lions. They eat smaller animals such as rabbits and mice. www-2-1-cnjy-com
A. smallest B. the smallest 21*cnjy*com
C. largest D. the largest【版权所有：21教育】
5. My time in the middle school was one of _____ periods of my life.
A. exciting B. more exciting21教育名师原创作品
C. the more exciting D. the most exciting
6. If overweight people eat less and take more exercise, they’ll soon feel much _____.
A. fatter B .older
C. bigger D. healthier
7. This kind of T-shirt looks _____ and sells _____ in the market.
A .nice; good B. well; well
C. nice; well D. good; nice
8. Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily _____ the windows.
A. below B. across
C. behind D. against
9.－When is Lang Lang’s concert?
－It’s _____ three o’clock _____ the afternoon of December 18th.
A. at; in B. at; on
C. on; in D. in; on
10.－Who is your favorite singer, Mike?
－TF Boys. They are very _____ boys and girls.
A. proud of B. popular with
C. strict with D. worried about
三、完形填空。
I live in the center of the city. It's very __1__ because it's near the shopping center. There are many shops and the things in the shops are not very expensive. You can buy all __2__ of nice things. It's also very safe. Even when you walk __3__ during the night, it's not dangerous at all. But these are the only good things. There are also disadvantages. First, it's very __4__- the streets are always full of people! The traffic is terrible, and parking is the big problem! I can never park on my own street. I'd like to live in the __5__. It is very quiet. The people are very friendly. There are a lot of beautiful __6__, and very __7__ crime(犯罪). But there aren't many shops and there are certainly no clubs __8__ theatres.
1. A. convenient B. difficult C. hard D. comfortable
2. A. ways B. kinds C. colors D. sizes
3. A. along B. lonely C. alone D. quickly
4. A. safe B. dangerous C. noisy D. quiet
5. A. city B. town C. village D. countryside
6. A. sights B. trees C. flowers D. grass
7. A. few B. a few C. a little D. little
8. A. and B. also C. or D. no
四、阅读理解。
A recently study found people’s lives are made shorter in North China. It is showed the life expectancy(平均寿命) had been cut down by 5.5 years there. Researchers think that the heavy air pollution in China should be to blame(承担责任). It’s really the truth. Our government has already done something. However, it doesn’t seem to work so well.21世纪教育网版权所有
“Air pollution in China is doing harm to people’s health. The harm is much more serious than we can imagine,” said Chen Yuyu of Beijing University, one of researchers of this study.21教育网
Dirty air brings serious problems in North China. In January this year, the air pollution was worse than that in other places. That was caused by rising temperature and waste gas(废气) from coal heating.2-1-c-n-j-y
Chinese government should strongly fight against air pollution. They should think of more proper ways to deal with the problem. People should be encouraged to take buses, ride bicycles or walk, instead of driving cars. The factories that pollute heavily should be closed.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
“We need to improve our environment, although it might be expensive. Protecting our environment means protecting ourselves,” Li Hongbin, another researcher of the study said.21*cnjy*com
1. The passage above may come from a(n)?_____.
A. story B. advertisement C. report D. diary?
2. Which of the following is Li Hongbin’s idea
A. The life expectancy had been cut by 5.5 years.
B. Chinese government should close some factories that pollute heavily.
C. People need to make pollution less, although it might cost a lot.
D. The air problem brings us serious problems.?
3. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. Air pollution in North China is caused by waste gas.
B. To save the environment, our government should do something more.
C. The temperature becomes higher and higher in North China.
D. How air pollution in North China is caused.
五、用所给动词的适当形式完成短文，使其意思完整,语法正确，句子通顺，必要时可加助动词或情态动词.
A young man and an old man were waiting for a bus at a station. They __1__(sit) big bag beside the old man.
“Money, nothing but money,” answered the old man. The young man could hardly believe his own ears, “What?”he said to himself in surprise.“So much money? My God! How I wish to be able to __2__(get) so much money!”Then he began to think about how to get the money.
The old man looked tired and sleepy and it seemed that he could hardly keep his eyes open.“Are you sleepy, sir?”asked the young man.“Then you'd better __3__(lie) down on the chair and have a good rest. __4__(not worry) about the bus. I'll wake you up in time.”
“All right. It's very kind of you, young man.”The old man lay down and before long he fell asleep.
The young man took the big bag gently. But when he was about to run away, he found a corner of his fur coat __5__(catch) under the old man's body. Several times he tried __6__(pull) it out, but he couldn't. At last he took off his coat and went away with the bag.
The young man ran out of the station as quickly as his legs could carry him. When he reached a place where he thought the old man couldn't find him, he __7__(stop) and quickly opened the bag.
To his surprise, there was nothing but a lot of small stones in it. He hurried to the station at once. But when he got there, he found the old man was gone.
六、写作。
校园是我家温馨靠大家。为了让母校变得更加美好，学校“英语之声”广播站号召大家行动起来，为校园建设积极建言献策。假如你是某中学9年级学生刘雨，请你给学校英语广播站负责人Miss Li写一份建议书。?【出处：21教育名师】
内容要点：1、校园环境（如：植树、种花、运动场、图书馆……）?
???????2、特色课程（如：舞蹈、音乐……）?
???????3、……
注意：1、文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；词数80左右。文章开头、结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。?
??2、要点齐全，语言通顺，意思连贯，书写规范，可以适当发挥。???3、提示词：hope;?organize;?interesting
Dear?Headmaster,?
??I?am?very?glad?to?write?to?you.?These?days?we?are??talking?about?how??to?make?our?school?more?beautiful.?Here??are??some??of?my??suggestions.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21cnjy.com
? Thanks?for?your?reading!?
?????????????????????????????????????????????
Yours?sincerely,??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?Liu?Yu?
课件111张PPT。2016年中考复习总复习第一轮话题复习第三章 周围的环境Goforit!复习内容总览复习内容总览 课标要求个人信息
1.个人资料：姓名，年龄，出生日期，出生地点，电话号码，家庭地址，电子邮件，身份证等。
2.家人资料：姓名，年龄，关系等。
3.学校资料：学校，年级，班级，老师等。
4.资料的使用：填写表格和书面申请等。
5.工作与职业：工人，教师，医生，农民，司机，公务员等。 周围环境
1.房子的类型：公寓、宿舍等。
2.家里的房间：卧室、厨房、客厅、卫生间等。
3.家具和家里的用品：桌子、椅子、沙发、课桌、床、电视机等。
4.学校设施：教室、操场、大厅、微机室、办公室等。
5.外面的环境：食品杂货店、书店、服装店、市场、银行、图书馆、博物馆、电影院、剧院、公园等。交际用语1.可能和不可能（Possibility and impossibility）
A:He can/may come today.
It may snow tonight.
It’s possible to finish the homework before 6 o’clock.
B: He may not come so early.
He can’t be in the office now.
It’s not likely to snow soon.
It’s impossible to finish the homework within one hour.交际用语2.能够和不能够 (Ability and inability)
He can ride a bike.
He’s able to pass the math exam.
He is good at football.
He can’t swim.
She’s not good at swimming.
3. 同级比较(Equal comparison)
My ruler is as long as yours.
I can run as fast as you can.
This book is not as interesting as that one.
I can’t run as fast as you can.交际用语4.差别比较(Comparative and superlative)
Lily is younger than Kate.
The red skirt is more expensive than the yellow one.
I run faster than Jim.
Mrs. Baker walks more slowly than Mr. Baker.
Jim is the tallest in his class.
Tom is the best of all.交际用语
5. 相似和差别（Similarity and difference）
This picture is the same as that one on the wall.
Lucy is like her mother.
Tom looks like his father.
My picture is different from yours.
There are five differences between the two pictures.热点透视【考点1】形容词和副词及其比较等级
If overweight people eat less and take more exercise,
they’ll feel much ______.
fatter B. older C. bigger D. healthier
【解析】本题为隐藏性的形容词比较级。根据语境，
“如果超重的人吃得少，多运动，他们不久就会感觉
比以前……”, A. 更肥胖； B. 更显老； C. 更大；D.
更健康，故选D。
形容词和副词
考点 副词 形容词和副词的比较等级形容词 知识拓展知识拓展 形容词用法位置题型重点考查单项选择或完形填空复习指导培养对语境的感悟能力归纳形容词和其它此类
搭配的短语掌握易混淆是形容词易混淆的形容词用法辨析形容词修饰不定代词的位置知识拓展形容词的用法及位置?作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。但形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后；形容词修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。如：
What a fine day!? 多好的天气！
What else can you see？
你还能看见其他什么东西？
? 知识拓展?作表语，放在系动词的后面。常见的系动词有be，become，get(变)，make(使)，turn(变)，keep，feel，look(看起来)，seem，smell，sound，taste。如：
He looks happy today.
他今天看起来很高兴。
The film is very interesting. I like it.
这部电影很有趣。我喜欢它。
?
形容词的用法及位置知识拓展?作宾语补足语。
形容词作宾补时，应放在宾语之后，表示宾语的性质、状态等。如：
He always makes us happy.
他总是使我们高兴。
We should keep our classroom clean.
我们应该保持我们的教室清洁。
?
形容词的用法及位置知识拓展形容词注意点
①只能作表语的形容词：afraid，alone，asleep，awake，alive，well，ill，glad，ready, sorry, sure如：
The man is ill.
②貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的。
③ the加上某些形容词，表示一类人或事物。例如：the young （年轻人），the rich（富人） ，the poor （穷人）。知识拓展形容词辨析–ing形容词和-ed形容词
一般说来，-ing形容词修饰物，表示“令人……
的”；而-ed形容词形容人，表示“……的”。
此类词有：surprising, surprised; interesting,
Interested; exciting, excited; tiring, tired;
moving, moved; pleasant, pleased; worrying,
worried; amazing, amazed.
但scary, scared.如：
He was worried about his worrying son.
他为他令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。
知识拓展形容词辨析–ing形容词和-ed形容词
一般说来，-ing形容词修饰物，表示“令人……
的”；而-ed形容词形容人，表示“……的”。
此类词有：surprising, surprised; interesting,
Interested; exciting, excited; tiring, tired;
moving, moved; pleasant, pleased; worrying,
worried; amazing, amazed.
但scary, scared.如：
He was worried about his worrying son.
他为他令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。
知识拓展形容词辨析1. –ing形容词和-ed形容词
一般说来，-ing形容词修饰物，表示“令人……的”；而-ed形容词形容人，表示“……的”。 此类词有：surprising, surprised; interesting, Interested; exciting, excited; tiring, tired; moving, moved; pleasant, pleased; worrying, worried; amazing, amazed. 但scary, scared.
如：He was worried about his worrying son.
他为他令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。
?
知识拓展形容词辨析2. real／true
这两个词都有“真实的”之意。 real着重指所形容的事物是客观存在的，而非想 像、捏造或假装的，如：Give your real flame．(说出你的真名)。true强调与事实或实际情况相符，而非虚假的， 如：
He gave the true account of what had happened．
(他叙述了事情发生的真相。)
?知识拓展形容词辨析3. big／large／great
这三个词都是“大的”意思。在表示具体事物的大小时，big比 较常用；large要正式一些，而且不常用于修饰人：great非常正式，常含有宏伟壮观的意味，用于人时多表示其重要性和知名度，亦即“伟大的”,而非身材之高大。在表示抽象 事物的程度时，great比big常用，而且great往往语义更强并意 味着更大的重要性；large一般不用于表示程度。在表示数量， 特别是与表示数量的词连用时，large比great和big更常见(但我们通常只说a great deal等)概括起来说，big多用于体积与重量；great多用于体积和程度；而large多用于体积、面积和数量。
?知识拓展形容词辨析4. certain／sure
这两个词均可表示“确信的”“有把握的”，在 多数场合可通用。certain常意味着具有确凿证据 或理由作为依据，强调所作判断或表述的不容置疑 性，sure常意味着所作判断或表述带有主观性或 建立在直觉的基础上，强调主观上的信念， 如：I'm sure he meant well．(我确信他是好意。)需要注意的是，certain可用于“It (形式主语)+连 系动词+certain+主语从句”的结构中，而sure则 不可，如：It's certain (不用sure) that the world is round．(可以肯定，地球是圆的。)
知识拓展形容词辨析5. each／every
这两个词都有“每个”的意思。each“各个”“每 个”，可用作形容词、代词或副词，指两个或两个 以上的人或事物中的每一个，强调个体性，如：On each side of the street.
(在街道的每一边)
I gave the man apple each．
(我给他们每人一个苹 果。)
every“每个”“每一”，只用作形容词，指三个或更 多的人或事物中的每一个，强调整体性，如：
Every student likes him．
(学生人人都喜欢他。)
?知识拓展形容词辨析6. few／little
few用于可数名词复数前，意为“很少的”“几乎没 有的”，含有否定的意味；a few用于可数名词复数 前，意为“几个”“有些”，含有肯定的意味。注意： only a few意义同few。little用于不可数名词前，意为“微少的”“少到几乎 没有的”，着重表示否定的意义；a little用于不可数 名词前，意为“一些”“一点点”，着重表示肯定的 意义。注意：only a little意义同little。知识拓展形容词辨析7. good／well
这两个词都有“好”“令人满意”等意，但good是 形容词，而well用作副词，主要用来修饰动词。如： It's basically a good car but l don't think the passenger space is very well designed．(这称得 上一部好车，但我觉得供乘坐的部分设计得不算太好。)well也可用作形容词，但通常指身体好，亦即“健康 的”“没病的”，而且一般只作表语，如：She doesn't look very well today．
(她今天看上去身体 不太舒服。)
?
知识拓展形容词辨析8.ill／sick
这两个词都有“有病的”之意。ill多用于英国英语，sick多用于美国英语。但是，用于名词前作定语或加定冠词表示一类人(“病人”的总称)时，只能用sick,如：a sick child(生病的孩子) 。 ill表示“有病的”，一般只用作表语；sick表示“有病的”，在英国英语中通常不用作表语；如用作表语，一般表示“恶心的”“要呕吐的”等意思，如：If you eat too many sweets you'll be sick．
(吃糖果太多，你会反胃的。)
?知识拓展常见名词变形容词方法
知识拓展 副词用法及位置分类题型重点考查单项选择或词汇运用复习指导正确认识副词的作用及位置抓住语境中的关键词熟记频度副词的意义易混淆的副词用法辨析副词作状语，修饰动词收集整理形近、意近的副词知识拓展知识拓展副词作状语（1） 副词修饰动词时，通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。例如：
Usually I do my homework in the evening.
通常我在晚上做家庭作业。
I often get up at six in the morning.
我经常在早晨6点起床。
Please speak slowly.
请慢慢说。
知识拓展副词作状语（2） 副词修饰形容词或副词时，通常放在形容词或副词的前面。例如：
These flowers are quite beautiful.这些花相当漂亮。
He works very hard.他工作很努力。
但有时也有例外。例如：
She is old enough to go to school. （enough放在了形容词的后面）她已到了上学的年龄。
知识拓展副词作状语（3） 按一般规则，如果有几个时间状语时，单位大的应放在单位小的后面。例如：
He was born at six o’clock on the morning of May15.
他出生在五月十五日的早上六点钟。
（4） 按一般规则， 既有地点状语又有时间状语时，地点状语应放在时间状语之前。例如：
He watched TV at home last night.
他昨晚在家看电视。
知识拓展形容词变副词
形容词+-ly变副词的规律
①一般直接加-ly。
careful →carefully（认真地） quick →quickly（快地）
②以le结尾的去掉e再加-ly。possible →possibly（可能地）
comfortable →comfortably（舒适地）
③以-y结尾的形容词把y改为i，再加-ly。
easy →easily（容易地） happy →happily（高兴地）
④shy的副词形式为shyly（害羞地）。知识拓展副词词义辨析
1. also／too／as well／either ?
四词或词组都有“也”的意思 。?
also、too和as well通常用于肯定句：also比too和as well稍正式，因此在口语中用too和as well经常比用also更可取。also通常位置紧靠动词，多放在主要动词之前，系动词be、助动词或情态动词之后。 ?
too常位于句末，前可用逗号隔开：有时也可放在主语之后，前后均用逗号隔开，作插入语用。 ?
as well通常位于句末，前面不用逗号分开。 ?
either只用于否定句，位置一般在句末，前面可用逗号隔开。知识拓展副词词义辨析
2. aloud / loudly/loud
aloud着重指“出声地”，能使别人听见，相对于不出声或低声耳语；可跟call、cry、shout一类动词连用，表示“大声地”，使远处能听到，
如：Please read the story aloud．
loud和loudly意义基本相同，都可表示“响亮地”“大声地”，强调发出的声音有相当大的强度。两者的区别在于：loud与talk、speak、laugh、read等动词连用，句中位置在动词之后：loudly的使用范围较广，句中位置可在动词之后或之前，而且有时还含有喧闹的意味，如：Speak louder．(说得响一些。)
?m知识拓展副词词义辨析
3. early／soon
这两个词都含有“早”的意思。early着重时间上的早晚，如：early in the morning (在清晨)。soon侧重相对于某特定时间的早晚，强调与该特定时间相隔很短，如：soon after midnight(午夜以后不久)。
试比较：
You should start as early as possible so that you can catch the first train to London.
你们应该尽可能早一点出发，以便赶上去伦敦的头班车。
You should start as soon as possible so as not to keep them waiting．
你们应该尽快出发，以免他们久等。。知识拓展副词词义辨析
4. fairly / quite / rather / pretty ?
这四个词都有“相当”的意思。fairly“当”“还”“尚”，在四个词中语气最轻，有适度、尚可的意味；一部电影fairly good，就是还可以看看， quite“相当”，语气比fairly稍强；一部电影quite good，那就带有推荐的意思， ?rather“相当”“颇”，语气又稍重一些：一部电影rather good，那是说胜过多数影片。rather一词比较正式，尤用于英国英语，常含有超过通常、预期或所希望的程度的意味，因此往往用来表示不好或不适合的情况，如：This house is rather big． pretty的含义和rather差不多，多用于口语中，该词是美国英语表达“相当”“颇”等意思时最常用的词 。
.知识拓展副词词义辨析
5. sometime／sometimes／some time
sometime表示某个不确定的时间，既可指“将来某个时候”，也可指“过去某个时间”，
如：sometime last night(昨晚某个时候)sometimes意为“有时”“间或”，如：It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold．(天气时热时冷。)
some time作状语时，可表示一些时间，如：I have been waiting some time．(我已等候一些时候了。)
I will speak to him about it some time．(这事哪天我会跟他谈的。)
some times几次，几倍
知识拓展副词词义辨析
6. ago与before
ago表示以现在为起点的一段时间以前，不能单独使用，必须和一些表示时间概念的短语搭配，常和过去时连用。
before表示在过去或将来某个时间以前，也可以指“以前”，可单独使用，常与现在完成时连用。而一段时间+before, 用于过去完成时。如：
The meeting began five minutes ago.
I have never been to America before.
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知识拓展副词词义辨析
6.hard/hardly
hard用作形容词有“硬的”，“困难的、艰难的”的意思。其中用作“难的”讲时，在口语中与difficult通用。The problem is too hard, I can't work it out. 这个问题太难了，我算不出来。?hard也用副词，意为“努力地、刻苦地”，“猛烈地”，hard用作“猛烈地”讲时，同heavily相同。?It is raining hard outside. You can't go out. 外面正下着大雨。你不能出去。?
hardly只用作副词，意思是“几乎不”、“仅仅”、“才”，表示否定概念，常和any连用。hardly是具有否定意味的词，反意疑问句中，尾句的疑问式须用肯定式。
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知识拓展副词词义辨析
7. too much/ much too
too much “太多，过多”用做形容词或代词，可以修饰不可数名词或用来代替不可数名词。?例：There was too much noise in the next door.
too much也可以放在某些动词之后，做状语，表示程度，这些词有：work，talk，walk，thank等。?例：She does talk too much, doesn’t she?? much too? “实在，太”用来修饰形容词或副词，其实too就是用来修饰形容词或副词，在它前面加上much则更能表示程度“太”。?例：
The dress is much too long for me.
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知识拓展副词词义辨析
8. how long/ how soon/ how often/ how far
how long“多久，多长时间”，常用延续性动词，常用完成时，用（for）+一段时间或since+时间点回答 ；how soon“多快，多久以后”，常用将来时，用“in+时间段”回答；how often “多久一次”，常用一般现在时，用once a week, usually 等频度副词回答；how far“多远”，对距离提问。
—________ can you finish this English examination?
—In about one and a half hours.
A．How far B．How often C．How soon D．How long
解析：how far“多远”；how often“多久一次”；how soon“多久以后”；how long“多长时间”。由答语句意“大约一个半小时以后”可知此处是提问“多久以后”。
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形容词和副词的比较等级知识拓展知识拓展形容词、副词原级修饰语
只能修饰原级的词：very，quite，so，too，rather，?fairly, pretty。如：
He is too tired to walk on.
他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。
My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。
? 知识拓展形容词、副词原级句式
a.肯定句中常用“as+原级形容词或副词+as”的结构。例如： My sister is as tall as yours. 我的妹妹和你的妹妹一样高。 My sister runs as fast as I do. 我的妹妹跑得和我一样快。 b.在否定结构中既可以用as…as…结构，也可以用so…as…结构。例如：
He isn’t as/so tall as you. 他不如你高。 He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。
①规则变化知识拓展形容词、副词比较级、最高级构成②不规则变化知识拓展形容词、副词比较级、最高级构成知识拓展形容词、副词比较级修饰语
修饰比较级常用的词和短语主要有：much，even，any，yet，far，a lot，a little，a bit，twice，five times，many times等。 Are you feeling any better today? 你今天感觉好多了吗？ He is ten years older than I. 他比我大十岁。 He speaks Chinese a lot better than before.
他说的中文比以前好多了。
a. 比较级用于两者的比较，其结构是：含有形容词或副词比较级的主句+than引导的从句(从句中常省去和主句相同的部分)，表示一方超过一方或低于另一方的情况。例如： You look much younger than I do. 你看上去比我年轻多了。 He drives much more carefully than you.
他开车比你小心多了。知识拓展形容词、副词比较级句式注意： than后面接代词时，一般要用主格，但在口语中也可以使用宾格。但如果than后为一个句子，不可以使用宾格。 I am taller than him. =I am taller than he is. 我比他高。 b. 比较级+and+比较级：表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长，意为“越来越……”。例如： China is becoming stronger and stronger.
中国正变得越来越强大。 He runs faster and faster. 他跑得越来越快。知识拓展形容词、副词比较级句式c. the+比较级，the+比较级：表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而平行变化，意为“越……，就越……”。例如： The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. 你越认真，你犯的错误就越少。 The harder you study, the better results you'll get.
你学习越努力，你就会得到越好的成绩。知识拓展形容词、副词比较级句式d.在比较级中为了避免重复，在than后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。
如：The weather here is warmer than that in Shanghai.这里的天气比上海的暖和。
e.用比较级表示最高级的意思如：The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.在中国，长江比其他任何一条河都长。
f. 选择疑问句中，二选一时.
如：Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一个更大，地球还是月球？
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知识拓展形容词、副词比较级句式知识拓展形容词、副词最高级修饰语
修饰最高级常用的词和短语主要有序数词以及much，by far，nearly，almost等。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。 She speaks English much the best.她说英语最好。
定冠词the
c. 有范围(in，of，among或从句等)修饰的用最高级。
? 知识拓展形容词、副词最高级修饰语
注意： 介词in和of 引导比较范围时的区别： 如果在一定的地域空间内比较用in；如果在同一类事物范围内进行比较用of。例如： China is the largest country in Asia.
中国是亚洲最大的国家。 China is the largest one of all the Asian countries.
中国是所有亚洲国家中最大的。
? 1.形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较。形容词的最高级前要加定冠词the，但是副词最高级前的the可以省略。例如： He is the tallest of the three boys. 他是三个男孩中最高的。 He jumps (the) highest in our class.
他是我们班跳得最高的。
知识拓展形容词、副词最高级句式2.“主语＋be＋one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词＋in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。
如：Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一。
3.选择疑问句中用于三者或三者以上的比较。
如：Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？
哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？
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知识拓展形容词、副词最高级句式4.表示“第几个最……”时，用“the＋序数词＋最高级＋名词单数”的结构。
如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。
5. 根据上下文具体语境判断。My grandpa told a good story，but I told a ________ one.(2013，河南)
A．good B．better C．best D．worse
解析：由前半句句意“我爷爷讲了一个好故事”可知，后半句句意为“但我讲了一个更好的”，两者比较用比较级。
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知识拓展形容词、副词最高级句式突破方法方法一 比较等级分析法 要注意：1.能判断出属于哪一种类型； 2. 结合句子的意思判断； 3. 快速、准确地找出修饰语进行判断。
【例题】（ 2015湖南）
Jenny goes to school _____ than any other student in her class. A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest
【解析】选B。由than可知该句应该用比较级，因此答案为B项。
?突破方法方法二 词义辨析法 对于形容词、副词词义辨析的题目，要求考生准确记忆课标要求掌握的形容词、副词的词义，并结合具体的语境做出正确的判断。
【例题】 （ 2015聊城）
The baby is sleeping. Please speak ________.
A．loudly B．clearly C．quietly D．politely
解析：loudly意为“大声地，响亮地”；clearly意为“清楚地”；quietly意为“安静地，悄悄地”；politely意为“礼貌地”。句意为“那个宝宝正在睡觉，请悄悄地说”。 故选C。
?中考荟萃
1. Sometimes it often rains _____ in my hometown in summer. （2015呼和浩特）
A. heavy B. hardly
C. heavily D. strongly?
2.－What do you think of the woman singer? －Her voice sounds _____. I like her songs. （2015呼和浩特）
A. sweet B. sweetly
C. bad D. badly中考荟萃
3.I lost my ticket, but _____ the travel agent gave me another one. （2015江西）
A. actually B. firstly
C. luckily D. exactly?
4.－The scarves are all beautiful. I can’t decide which one to choose.
－Oh, look at this red one. I think it’s _____.（2015江西）
A. beautiful B. more beautiful
C. the most beautiful D. less beautiful中考荟萃
5.My time in the middle school was one of _____ periods of my life. （2015杭州）
A. exciting B. more exciting
C. the more exciting D. the most exciting?
6.The boy looked _____ because he didn’t pass his math exam.（2015广州）
A.sad B. sadness
C. saddest D.sadly中考荟萃
7.This kind of T-shirt looks _____ and sells _____ in the market. （2015安顺）
A. nice; good B. well; well
C. nice; well D. good; nice
8.－How are you getting along with your English study? －Much better. I don’t feel it was as _____ as before. （2015泰安）
A. interesting B. much
C. difficult D. easy
中考荟萃
9.—The stuntman is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane. —What?! I've never heard of _____ idea before. （2015无锡）
A. a crazier B. the crazier
C. a craziest D. the craziest
10.The movie Lost in Thailand is _____ one that I’ve ever seen these years. （2015自贡）
A. funny
B. the funniest C. funnier
热点透视【考点2】介词(2015·临沂中考)
—I joined the League _____ May, 2009. What about you?
—I’ve been a League member _____ three years.
A. in; for B. on; in C. on; for D. in; since
【解析】选A。考查时间介词的用法。“May, 2009” 意思为“2009年5月”，故应选介词“in”；由答语“我是团员已经3年了”可知，此处应是“for +一段时间”，故选A。
?表示方位的介词表示时间的介词表示方式的介词介词短语其它常见介词易混介词的区别知识拓展知识拓展 介词突破方法题型重点考查单项选择或完形填空复习指导根据语境判断考察的
介词种类归纳介词和其它此类
搭配的短语掌握易混淆介词易混淆的介词用法辨析常见介词的用法介词短语知识拓展表示时间的介词
知识拓展表示时间的介词知识拓展表示时间的介词
知识拓展表示时间的介词
知识拓展表示时间的介词
知识拓展表示时间的介词
知识拓展表示方位的介词 in , on, toin表示在某地区之内的某方位(属于该范围);to表示在某一地区之外的某方位(不属于该范围);on表示与某地的毗邻关系。
说明：B is in the east of A.
C is on the east of A.
D is to the east of A.
Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东面。
知识拓展表示地点的介词 in , on, at
知识拓展表示方位的介词
知识拓展表示方位的介词表示“前后”的介词:in front of, in the front of, behind, at the back of
in front of在……的前面(AB互不包含),反义词:behind;
in the front of在……前面(A在B范围内),反义短语:at the back of知识拓展表示方位的介词知识拓展表示方位的介词表示“左右”的介词
on the left/right of在……左边/右边
表示“旁边”的介词:beside/by “紧挨着” next to
表示“对面”的介词:across from
表示“之间”的介词:between/among
between在……(两者)之间;between...and...在……和……之间
among在……(三者或三者以上)之间
betweenamong知识拓展表示方位的介词through, across, cross穿过
(1)through介词，纵穿(从空间穿过)。如:
The soldiers went through the forest.
那些士兵穿过树林离开了。
(2)across介词，横穿(横过某个平面)。如:
He is walking across the street. 他正在横过马路。
(3)cross动词，横穿(横过某个平面)。如:
He is crossing the street. 他正在横过马路。
知识拓展表示方式的介词 知识拓展表示方式的介词 知识拓展表示方式的介词 知识拓展表示方式的介词 注意：
1.交通方式:by, in, on
by+交通工具的单数形式
on/in+限定词+交通工具的单数形式。
I go to school by bike.=I go to school on my bike.
I go to school by car.=I go to school in my father’s car.
【提示】on foot步行 go to...on foot=walk to...
2. “with＋工具、手段” “in＋语言、嗓音”
【提醒】 with可以表示“带有”。
Mr. Green has a big house with a garden.知识拓展其它常见的介词 知识拓展其它常见的介词 知识拓展其它常见的介词 知识拓展其它常见的介词 知识拓展其它常见的介词 知识拓展其它常见的介词 知识拓展其它常见的介词 知识拓展其它常见的介词 知识拓展其它常见的介词 知识拓展介词短语 1. 常与介词about连用的短语。
(1)动词+about。
chat about, complain about, hear about, quarrel about, see about, talk about, think about, worry about
(2)be+形容词+about。
be anxious about, be concerned about, be crazy about, be excited about, be nervous about知识拓展其它常见的介词 2. 常与介词at连用的短语。
(1)动词+at。
arrive at, point at, knock at, look at, laugh at, shout at, work at
(2)be+形容词/过去分词+at。
be angry at, be disappointed at, be good at, be mad at, be surprised at, be shocked at
(3)at+名词。
at a time, at first, at hand, at home, at last, at present, at times
(4)与介词at连用的其他常用短语。
at the bus stop, at the end of, at the foot of知识拓展其它常见的介词 3. 常与介词for连用的短语。
(1)动词+for。
ask for, care for, leave for, look for, pay for, prepare for, search for, provide for, send for, wait for
(2)be+形容词+for。
be bad/good for, be famous for/be known for, be late for, be ready for, be sorry for, be useful for, be angry for
(3)for+名词。
for example, for fun, for sale, for a while知识拓展其它常见的介词 4. 常与介词from连用的短语。
(1)动词+from。
be/come from, borrow from, die from, hear/receive from, keep/stop from, learn from, hear from
(2)be+形容词+from。
be different from, be far from
(3)与介词from连用的其他常用短语。
across from, from beginning to end, from door to door, from time to time知识拓展其它常见的介词 5. 常与介词in连用的短语。
(1)动词+in。
arrive in, believe in, drop in, give in, get in, hand in, succeed in, take in
(2)be+形容词+in。
be interested in, be strict in, be weak in
(3)in+名词。
in bed, in danger, in public, in short, in surprise, in trouble, in time, 知识拓展其它常见的介词 6. 常与介词of连用的短语。
(1)动词+of。
die of, hear of, remind of, think of
(2)be+形容词+of。
be afraid of, be confident of, be proud of, be tired of, be sure of, be full of
(3)与介词of连用的其他常用短语。
a kind of, all kinds of, because of, instead of知识拓展其它常见的介词 7. 常与介词on连用的短语。
(1)动词+on。
call on, depend on, feed on, get on, go on, hold on, keep on, put on, spend on, try on, turn on
(2)on+名词。
on business, on duty, on earth, on fire, on foot, on one’s way to, on sale, on show, on time, on one hand, on the other hand知识拓展其它常见的介词 8. 常与介词to连用的短语。
(1)动词+to。
agree to, belong to, compare to, get to, lend. . . to, look forward to, pay attention to, prefer. . . to
(2)be+形容词/过去分词+to。
be harmful to, be kind/friendly to, be similar to, be thankful to, be used to(doing)sth. be up to
(3)与介词to连用的其他常用短语。
according to, to one’s surprise知识拓展其它常见的介词 9. 常与介词with连用的短语。
(1)动词+with。
agree with, begin with, do with/deal with, fight with,
(2)动词+sth. /sb. +with+sth. /sb. 。
compare. . . with. . . , help sb. with. . . , provide sb. with sth. , fill. . . with. . .
(3)be+形容词/过去分词+with。
be angry with, be busy with, be crowded with, be covered with, be filled with, be pleased with, be strict with知识拓展易混介词辨析：for sb./of sb. 1）for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等： It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的.? 2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right. It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了. for 与of 的辨别方法： 用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子.如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for.如： You are nice. (通顺,所以应用of). He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用for.)突破方法方法一 时间介词准确记忆法 表示时间的介词在用法上具有固定性，比如具体几点钟前用at, 季节前用in。这都需要准确记忆。
【例题】（ 2015重庆）
Mr. Green’s office is ______the 26th floor. You can take the lift there.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
【解析】选C。考查介词。表示在第几楼用介词on。突破方法方法二 方位介词图示法 对于方位介词考查的中考题，建议使用图示法记忆。
·over
above·
out of
to/towards through
into
past ·under below·
【例题】（ 2015无锡）
Don’t drive so fast. We must slow down when we drive ___ the tunnel. A. past B across C. over D. through
【解析】选D。根据图示可知，需要从内部穿过tunnel（隧道。
?across·on突破方法方法三 介词固定搭配法 关于介词的固定搭配，考生需在平时积累，做题时要正确理解句意进行选择。
【例题】（ 2015安顺）
John often asks his teacher ______help.
A. to B. with C. for D. on
【解析】选C。考查介词相关用法。句意: 约翰经常请求老师的帮助。ask sb. for help意为“请求某人的帮助” ?中考荟萃1.（2015安顺）－When is Lang Lang’s concert? －It’s _____ three o’clock _____ the afternoon of December 18th.
A. at；in B. at；on
C. on；in D. in；on
2.（2015安徽）The Dragon Boat Festival this year will come _____ four days.
A. after B. for
C. during D. in中考荟萃3.（2015武威）－The charity walk begins _____ 9:00.? Don’t be late. －No problem.
A.at B.by C.in D.on
4.（2015襄阳）－I hear two high speed railways will be built in Xiangyang _____ a few years. －That sounds great. It’ll be more convenient and faster for us to go out.
A.after B.on C.in D.at
中考荟萃5.（2015杭州）Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily _____ the windows.
A.below B.across
C.behind D.against
6.（2015克拉玛依）－Do you know about Florence Nightingale? －Yes, she was well-known _____ a nurse in England _____ her kindness to the sick and wounded soldiers.
as；as B. for；as
C. to；for D. as；for中考荟萃
7. （2015苏州）In cold winter, the temperature in Harbin often remains _____ zero all day.
above B. below
C. over D. under
8.（2015江苏南京）In the picture, the chair is ___ the table.
A. under B.on
C.above D. beside中考荟萃9.(2015江苏连云港)It is great ___ us to get so many favorite books on International Children’s Book Day.
A.to B.with C.of D.for
10.（2015德州）－Who is your favorite singer, Mike? －TF Boys. They are very _____ boys and girls.
A.proud of B.popular with C.strict with D.worried aboutThank You!2016年中考英语总复习第一轮话题复习
第三章 周围的环境
参考答案
考点1：1-5 CACCD 6-10ACCAC
考点2：1-5BDACD 6-10 DBDDB
话题检测：
一、1. clearly 2. noise 3. comfortable 4. carefully 5. received21世纪教育网版权所有
6. worse7. everywhere 8. policemen 9. magician 10. choose
二、1-5CACDD 6-10DCDBB
三、1-4 ABCC 5-8 DADC
四、CCB
五、
六、One?possible?version:?(107?words)Dear?Headmaster,?21教育网
I am very glad to write to you. These days we are talking about how to make our school more beautiful. Here are some of my suggestions. 21cnjy.com
First, a library with a lot of interesting books in it should be built, so that we can read in our spare time every day. Second, we expect our own dancing hall and piano room. Many of us like dancing, and some are even good at playing the piano. Third, we dreams of having a playing-field with many flowers and green trees around. We can exercise there every day to make our body strong. Finally, I suggest teachers in our school organize more colorful after- class activities for students.
In a word, I hope our school will attract more visitors and I wish her a good future. 21·cn·jy·com
Thanks for your reading!
Yours sincerely,
Liu Yu
