SENTENCE EXPLANATIONS
请和你的同学一起认真分析下面句子，并补全所缺内容。这种学习方式能逐步提高你理解长难句的能力。
1. Claire didn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her to be harmed. (P11)
【分析】
① 本句是一个由but连接的并列复合句。
② 前一个分句中as引导________从句。
③ 后一个分句中that引导________从句。
【句意】克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是在她丈夫离家三周的期间。但是她被拉里说服了。拉里说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她。
【仿写】艾丽斯不想办生日派对，特别是在她妈妈生病期间。但是父亲说服了她，说这个派对可能让妈妈的精神好一些。
____________________________________________________________
2. She cried out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“Tony” and then heard him declare that he didn’t want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. (P11)
【分析】
① 本句是一个主从复合句。
② 主句中and连接两个并列的谓语cried out和________。
③ declare后接两个并列的由that引导的宾语从句。
【句意】她大叫一声“托尼”，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，明天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。
【仿写】玛丽恳求她的老板，却听到他一本正经地说，他想她马上离开公司，而且也不允许她回来。
____________________________________________________________
3. Just before ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) they left, Claire heard Gladys whispering to another woman that she had never seen anyone so handsome as Tony. (P12)
【分析】
① 本句是一个主从复合句。
② before引导时间状语从句，________引导宾语从句。
③ so ... as ... 在此表示“和……一样……”。
【句意】 就在她们离开之前，克莱尔听到格拉迪丝跟另外一个女人小声地说，她从来没有见过像托尼这样英俊的男人。
【仿写】 就在我敲门之前，我听到屋子里的人跟另一个人说，这个秘密绝不能告诉其他任何人。
____________________________________________________________
4. He had opened ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the curtains that night so that the other women would see him and Claire, knowing that there was no risk to Claire’s marriage. (P12)
【分析】
① 本句是一个主从复合句。
② 主句是He had opened the curtains that night；so that引导________从句。
③ knowing ...是动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
【句意】那天晚上，他拉开了窗帘，让其他女人看到了他和克莱尔在一起，他明白这么做对克莱尔的婚姻并不会造成伤害。
【仿写】他找到一份兼职工作来养活自己，他明白不能再依靠父母了。
____________________________________________________________
参考答案
1.【分析】时间状语；宾语
【仿写】Alice didn’t w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ant to hold the birthday party, especially as her mother was ill, but her father persuaded her that the party might cheer her mother up.
2.【分析】heard
【仿写】Mary begged he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r boss, but heard him declare that he wanted her to leave the company at once and that he wouldn’t allow her to come back.
3.【分析】that
【仿写】Just before I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) knocked at the door, I heard someone in the room saying to another that the secret must not be told to anyone else.
4.【分析】目的状语
【仿写】 He got a part ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-time job so that he could support himself, knowing that he couldn’t depend on his parents any longer.GRAMMAR
被动语态（一）
语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )之间的关系。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
★常用的几种时态的被动语态及含有情态动词的被动语态的构成形式
一般现在时 be (am / is / are) +过去分词
一般过去时 be的过去式 (was / were) +过去分词
一般将来时 will + be +过去分词
过去将来时 would + be +过去分词
现在进行时 be (am / is / are) + being +过去分词
过去进行时 be的过去式 (was / were) + being +过去分词
现在完成时 have / has + been +过去分词
过去完成时 had + been +过去分词
含有情态动词 情态动词+ be +过去分词
★动词不定式的被动式
【语境展示】 观察下面各句中动词不定式的被动式的用法，然后加以总结。
1. It’s nice to be wanted.
2. The books are to be sent to the young children.
3. She didn’t like to be treated as a child.
4. The question to be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) discussed at the next meeting will be a hard nut to crack.
5. They were shipped to America to be sold as slaves.
6. He didn’t want the subject to be mentioned in the letter.
7. Forty-one people a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re said to have been seriously hurt in the accident.
【自我归纳】
1. 当动词不定式与其逻辑 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )主语之间是动宾关系时，要用不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动形式有两种：①一般式的被动式：to be done（句1—句6）；②完成式的被动式：________ （句7）。
2. 动词不定式的被动式在句中可以作主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语（句1）、表语（句2）、宾语（句3）、________（句4）、状语（句5）、宾语补足语（句6）、主语补足语（句7）。
【即学即练】
I. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。
1. The book ________ (write) now and ________ (believe) to be popular with young children.
2. It has ________ (declare) that there are five students ________ (send) abroad for further study.
3. I remember ________ (tell) about the meeting ________ (hold) next month.
4. The child ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is happy ________ (leave) alone at home at weekends because he can play computer games freely.
5. There is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a primary school ________ (build) soon in the village so a lot of building materials ________ (bring) here day and night.
II. 用被动语态完成下面对话。
1. A：Thousands of p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople have been killed in the past few years because of drunk driving. I think some measures must be taken to handle it.
B：I couldn’t agree ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )more. It is said that it has been put into Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China already, and ______________________ (以后酒驾者将会受到严惩).
A: In my opinion, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) another measure to be taken is to make the public understand the harm of drunk driving.
B: I’m afraid _______________ (这个问题不好处理), for it is a tradition in China to drink at dinners.
2. A: Lisa, I got ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )caught in the traffic jam yesterday. You will never know how angry I was!
B: Oh, sorry to hea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r that. The transport in Beijing really needs to be improved.
A: Yes. A bus f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ull of passengers had been stuck in the long queue for a long time. And the driver got shouted at by some passengers.
B: He is not to bla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me for it. _________________ (汽车的数量应该控制一下) and people should be requested to travel by public transport.
III. 用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面短文。
Space Station Unity 1 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). ________ (complete) within the next decade, and international teams of astronauts will then be sharing quarters for long periods of time. What can 2. ________ (do) to improve living conditions in space Here’s what former astronauts suggest:
Food
It doesn’t tas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te as good in zero gravity. Food should be made spicier in order for those effects 3. ________ (overcome). International tastes must also 4. ________ (consider).
Clothing
Layered clothing co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld help astronauts stay comfortable. The top layer should be designed 5. ________ (remove) or added as temperatures vary.
Sleeping
Because of weightle ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ssness, sometimes sleep 6. ________ (disturb) in fortable restraints must be provided to give a sense of stability.
Emotional Needs
People need “down ti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me” in space just as they do on Earth. Time ought to 7. ________ (provide) for relaxation and privacy.
参考答案
【自我归纳】 to have been done；定语
【即学即练】
I. 1. is being written ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ); is believed 2. been declared; to be sent 3. being told; to be held
4. to be left 5. to be built; are being brought
II.
1. drunk drivers w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill be heavily punished in the future; the problem is hard to deal with
2. The number of cars is supposed to be controlled
III.
1. will be complete ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d 2. be done 3. to be overcome 4. be considered 5. to be removed 6. is disturbed 7. be providedREADING TASKS
Book 7 Unit 2
Pre-reading activities
Task I List the things that you hope a robot can do for you.
Task II Do you fe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )el happy if a robot becomes one of your family members Why or why not
Task III Do you think it is possible that a robot has feelings
While-reading activities
Task I Read the text and fill the blanks.
A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Task II Read the t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ext and fill in the blanks. Please pay attention to Claire’s changes of feelings toward Tony.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Task III Read the t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ext and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
( ) 1. Tony ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) looked more like a human than a machine and he could change his facial expression.
( ) 2. Claire was not satisfied with her weight and her home.
( ) 3. Claire wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s surprised that Tony had fingernails and skin like a human being.
( ) 4. Clai ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re rang Tony up to ask for his advice on buying the necklace.
( ) 5. Claire was sure that Gladys would misunderstand her and Tony.
( ) 6. Claire st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ayed in her room for the rest of the day because she hurt herself when falling off the ladder.
( ) 7. Gladys a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd other women envied Claire because Tony was very handsome.
( ) 8. The robot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) needs improving though the experiment was successful.
Post-reading activities
Task I Write ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a summary of the text. Then try to retell the story to your partners.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Task II Disc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uss in your group about whether robot can replace man-kind in the future.
Task III Tell your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) partner what Tony did to help Claire to be envied by others.
Task IV Make up a d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ialogue between Tony and Claire according to the text.
参考答案：
Pre-reading activities
Task I 略
Task II 略
Task III 略
While-reading activities
Task I
A. 1. elegant 2. makeup 3. falling off 4. curtains 5. pleased
B. 1. embarrassed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2. trust 3. elegant 4. makeup 5. falling off 6. curtains 7. cried
Task II 1. embarrassed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2. trust 3. books 4. amazed 5. dear 6. warmth 7. arms 8. alone
Task III 1-5 FTTFT 6-8 FTT
Post-reading activities
Task I
Larry asked his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) wife, Claire, to test a new household robot for his company while he was away. Claire was shocked to see how tall, handsome and human the robot looked. His name was Tony. After a while, Claire began to trust Tony and told him how she thought she was unattractive compared to the rich and powerful Gladys Claffern and her friends. Tony promised to help. He cut her hair, improved her makeup and suggested she invite them to a party at her home. On the night of the party, Tony suddenly held Claire in his warm arms. When the doorbell rang he disappeared and Claire realized that Gladys and her friends had seen her with Tony through the window. They thought Tony was Claire’s handsome new lover. Claire was happy to be envied by the women but upset that Tony was just a robot. The company was satisfied that Tony had made Claire feel better but felt he had to be rebuilt as it was not good for women to fall in love with machines.
Task II 略
Task III 略
Task IV略WORDS & EXPRESSIONS
desire
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳desire的意思及用法。
1. The boy has a strong desire for knowledge.
2. Several people have expressed a desire to see the report.
3. Andrew had a warm desire that the conversation might continue.
4. We all desired happiness and health.
5. The man desired to return to Mexico.
6. Mary desired that it shall not be mentioned for the present.
【自我归纳】
★ desire作名词时，意为“渴望，欲 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )望，渴求”（句1-句3），后常接介词________（句1）、动词不定式（句2）或that 从句（句3）。
★ desire作动词时，意为“希望得到，想要”（句4-句6），后可接名词（句4）、动词不定式（句5）或that从句（句6）。
【即学即练】根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。
1. The Queen desires _______________________ (你立即来).
2. The two leaders spoke of _______________________ (对和平的渴望).
3. I _______________________ (一直渴望见到他们).
参考答案
desire
【自我归纳】for
【即学即练】
1. that you come at once
2. their desire for peace
3. have long desired to meet them
alarm
【匹配】在括号中填出与alarm相对应的词性及含义。
1. The fire alarm rang and everyone ran out of the building. ( )
2. I felt a grow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing sense of alarm when he did not return that night. ( )
3. He is afraid ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of waking up late, so he always has an alarm on his bedside table. (n. ①)
4. The noise of the shots alarmed the enemy. ( )
5. The capta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in knew there was an engine fault but didn’t want to alarm the passengers. ( vt.)
n. ① an alarm clock ② a warning sound or signal
③ a feeling of fear or worry
vt. to make sb. anxious or afraid
【归纳】
alarm既可作名词也可作动词，作名词时，意为“警报；惊恐；闹钟”；作动词时，意为“惊动；使警觉；使惊恐”。
【即学即练】翻译下列句子成汉语。
1. The doorkeeper gave the alarm as soon as he saw the smoke.
____________________________________________________________
2. I don’t want to alarm you, but there’s a stranger in your garden.
____________________________________________________________
参考答案
alarm
【匹配】1. n. ② 2. n. ③ 4. vt.
【即学即练】
1. 守门人一看见冒烟就发出警报。
2. 我并不想让你惊慌, 但你的花园里有个陌生人。
favour
【语境展示】 阅读下面句子，并试着归纳favour的意思及用法。
1. Could you do me a favour and tell Kelly I can’t make it
2. Paul, can I ask you a favour
3. He sent her presents in an attempt to win her favour.
4. The suggesti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )on to close the road has found favour with local people.
5. She always favours her youngest child more than the others.
6. Of the two possible plans I favour the first.
7. The warm climate favours many types of tropical plants.
【自我归纳】
★favour作名词，可意为“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )帮助，恩惠”，常用于以下结构：do sb. a favour帮某人一个忙（句1），ask sb. a favour求某人帮个忙（句2）；也可意为“喜爱，赞同”（句3、句4）。
★favour作动词，意为：①________（句5）；②赞成（句6）；③便于，有利于（句7）。
【拓展】 in favour of 意为“赞同，支持”。如：
I’m all in favour of equal pay for equal work.
【即学即练】 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1. Could you ________ ________ ________ ________ (帮我一个忙) and pick up Sam from school today
2. They said the win ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (有利于他们在黎明航行).
3. She always fe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lt that her parents ________ ________ ________ (偏爱她妹妹).
4. Everyone in the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )class voted ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (赞同这个建议).
参考答案
favour
【自我归纳】 喜爱，偏袒
【即学即练】 1. do me a fa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vour 2. favoured their sailing at dawn 3. favoured her sister 4. in favour of this suggestion
accompany
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳accompany的意思及用法。
1. Who will accompany you to the airport
2. The rain was accompanied by a high wind.
3. Mr. White accompanied his speech with gestures.
4. The singer was accompanied at / on piano by his pupil.
【自我归纳】
accompany意为：① ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________（句1）；② 伴随，和……一起发生（存在），常用于结构accompany sth. by / with sth.（句2）；③（附带着）补充（句3）；④ 给……伴奏，常用于结构accompany sb. at / on sth. by sb.（句4）。
【即学即练】给出下面句子中划线部分的意思。
1. Wherever her husband went, Betty would accompany him. ________
2. Daniel wanted Liz to accompany him on violin. ________
3. The disea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se is usually accompanied by sneezing and fever. ________
参考答案
accompany
【自我归纳】陪同，陪伴
【即学即练】
1. 陪同 2. 给某人伴奏 3. 伴随……发生
bound
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳bound的意思及用法。
1. The little girl b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ounded to her feet and waved her right hand happily.
2. The ball bounded from the wall.
3. With one bound the deer disappeared in the thick woods.
4. The ship is bound for South America.
5. Thomas is bound to refuse our help.
6. The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.
【自我归纳】
bound作动词，意为：① 跳跃，跳动（句1）；弹回（句2）。
bound作名词，意为 “跳”，如句3。
bound作形容词，常构成以下短语：b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e bound for ... 准备前往 / 开往……，如句4；be bound to一定会……，如句5和句6。
【即学即练】根据汉语意思补全下列句子。
1. 别向你妈妈撒谎。她一定会查明那件事的。
Don’t lie to your m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )other. She ________ ________ ________ find out about it.
2. 我准备前往上海，那是我的目的地。
I ________ ________ ________ Shanghai; that is my destination.
参考答案
bound
【即学即练】1. is bound to 2. am bound for
leave ... alone
【语境展示】 阅读下面句子，并从a - c中找出与1 - 3中的leave ... alone相符合的释义。
1. You shouldn’t leave a child alone in the house.
2. Leave those cakes alone. They’re for the guests.
3. Leave my sister alone or I’ll tell my father.
a. 不管，别惹 b. 让……一个人呆着 c. 不碰，不移动
【自我归纳】 通过观察上面的句子 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，我们可以知道leave ... alone的意思分别为：1 → ________；2 → ________；3 → ________。
【即学即练】 翻译下面句子。
1. I’ve told you before — leave my things alone!
____________________________________________________________
2. “Leave me alone!” she screamed.
____________________________________________________________
参考答案
leave ... alone
【自我归纳】 b；c；a
【即学即练】
1. 我早已告诉过你——不要动我的东西！
2. “别管我！”她喊道。
