GRAMMAR
非限制性定语从句高考考点点拨
考点一：关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句
【考例】
用适当的关系词填空。
1. After the floodin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. (江苏2012)
2. I borrowed the boo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ________ my classmates recommended to me. (北京2014)
3. The books on the d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )esk, ________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us. (四川2015)
4. China Toda ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y attracts a worldwide readership, ________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. (福建2015)
5. The number of sm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )okers, ________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
(江苏2015)
【点拨】
1. who。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词people，且在从句中作主语，故填who。
2. which。设空处引导非限制 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )性定语从句，补充说明先行词the book Sherlock Holmes，且由recommend sth. to sb.可知，关系词在从句中作宾语，故填which。
3. whose。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词books，且设空处在从句中作从covers的定语，故填whose。
4. which。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
5. as。设空处引导非限制性定语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句，补充说明先行词number，且位于句中并在从句中作主语，故填as。as is reported意为“据报道”。
考点二：关系副词或“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
【考例】
用适当的关系词填空。
1. I didn’t become a s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erious climber until the fifth grade, ________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. (浙江2014)
2. Opposite i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s St. Paul’s Church, ________ you can hear some lovely music.
(北京2015)
3. I wish to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far.
(天津2012)
4. He wrote many ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ildren’s books, nearly half of ________ were published in the 1990s.
(重庆2015)
【点拨】
1. when。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词fifth grade，且在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
2. where。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词St. Paul’s Church，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
3. whose。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词Professor Smith，且在从句中作定语，故填whose。
4. which。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明children’s books，且在从句中作介词of的宾语，故填which。
说明：以上所选高考真题形式有所改动。
【即学即练】
I. 根据括号内的汉语提示完成下面对话。
A: Maria, do you kn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow Mr. Gordon, whose painting has won the first prize in the Art Show 2011 in our country
B: Sure. His pain ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tings, 1. ____________________ (其中绝大多数是关于大自然的主题), are widely appreciated around the world. As is known to us all, his paintings are not easy to understand.
A: 2. ____________________ (正如报纸上报道的那样), he likes observing animals and plants, which gives him much inspiration.
B: So painting is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a complex activity, where observation matters a lot.
II. 用适当的关系词补全下面短文。
London, 1. ________ is the capital of Great Britain, is an exciting city. Nearly a third of the people living in London today are young families, most of 2. ________ earn good money which gives them a lot of freedom and independence.
Thousands of me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n and women, 3. ________ live in towns and villages around the capital, work in London. The traffic going on even during the night never seems to stop. Many foreigners, 4. ________ have come to live and work in London, find it hard to get used to the noise and the high pace of life there.
Soho is the main ce ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntre for foreign restaurants. This dates back to the 17th century, 5. ________ some French Huguenots who had not been allowed to practice their protestant religion in France escaped to England and made their home in Soho.
Perhaps you may not k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )now that London, 6. ________ lies on the river Thames, has a history of nearly two thousand years. The Romans, 7. ________ landed in Britain in the first century, made London an important port. London, 8. ________ is today one of the largest cities in the world, has developed from this small Roman town called Londinium.
参考答案
【即学即练】
I.
1. most of which are about the theme of nature
2. As is reported in the newspaper
II. 1. which ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2. whom 3. who 4. who 5. when 6. which 7. who 8. whichSENTENCE EXPLANATIONS
请和你的同学一起认真分析下面句子，并补全所缺内容。这种学习方式能逐步提高你理解长难句的能力。
1. He wanted to kno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did. (P38)
【分析】
① 本句是一个主从复合句。
② 逗号前是主句，逗号后为which引导的定语从句。
③ 主句中包含what引导的________从句。
④ 定语从句中包含一个because引导的原 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )因状语从句，其中thought后跟that引导的宾语从句，该宾语从句中又含有一个than引导的比较状语从句。
【句意】他想要知道的是我所想的是什么。这倒把我弄糊涂了，因为我觉得该文作者所知道的比我多得多。
【仿写】他问我愿不愿意做领舞者。这让我很惊讶，因为我觉得其他跳舞的人跳得比我好得多。
____________________________________________________________
2. My tutor exp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lained that I should read lots of different texts that contain different opinions and analyse what I read. (P38)
【分析】
① 本句是一个主从复合句。
② 主句是My tutor exp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lained，后跟that引导的宾语从句，其中and 连接两个并列的谓语should read和________。
③ 第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词________。
④ analyse后跟what引导的宾语从句。
【句意】导师给我解释说，我得阅读大量的、有关不同观点的文章，并进行分析。
【仿写】爸爸建议我去许多拥有不同文化习俗的地方，并记下我看到的。
____________________________________________________________
3. Xie Lei tol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d me that she feels much more at home in England now, and what had seemed very strange before now appears quite normal． (P39)
【分析】
① 本句是一个主从复合句。
② 主句是Xie Lei told me，后接两个由and连接的并列的宾语从句。
③ 在and后的分句中，what引导________从句，且在从句中作主语。
【句意】谢蕾告诉我说，现在她在英国感到自在多了。以前看似很奇怪的事，如今觉得似乎很正常了。
【仿写】汤姆告诉我说，现在他对数学更感兴趣了。以前看似很难的问题，如今觉得似乎容易了。
____________________________________________________________
4. I think it’s import ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ant to have a balance between study and a social life, so I’m going to join a few clubs. (P39)
【分析】
① 本句是一个由so连接的并列复合句。
② 第一个分句中包含一个省略了that的宾 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )语从句；在宾语从句中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是________________________。
【句意】 我认为在学习和社会生活之间的平衡是很重要的，所以我打算参加几个俱乐部。
【仿写】 我认为通过锻炼来保持健康是很有道理的，所以我打算每天留出半个小时慢跑。
____________________________________________________________
参考答案
1.【分析】宾语
【仿写】He asked me whethe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r I was willing to be the leading dancer, which surprised me because I thought the other dancers danced far better than I did.
2.【分析】analyse; texts
【仿写】My father s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uggested that I should go to lots of places that have different cultures and customs and write down what I see.
3.【分析】主语
【仿写】Tom told me that h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e has become more interested in math now, and what had seemed very difficult before now appears quite easy.
4.【分析】to have a balance between study and a social life
【仿写】I think i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t makes sense to keep healthy through exercise, so I’m going to set aside half an hour every day for jogging.READING TASKS
Book 7 Unit 5
Pre-reading activities
Task I If you ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e studying in a foreign country, what difficulties will you meet
Task II What are the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )advantages and disadvantages of living with a host family
Task III Which do y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou think is more important for a high school student, study or social life
While-reading activities
Task I Read the text and fill in the blanks.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Task II Read the text and find the reasons for the facts.
Facts Reasons
1. Xie Lei felt newvous. A. Studying in Br ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )itain is quite different from that in their own countries.
2. Most foreign students will complete the preparation course. B. They were different from the listening tapes.
3. Xie Lei made ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )great effort to get used to the new way of life in the beginning. C. She got an E for her first essay.
4. Xie Lei did not understand the people there completely. D. She did not know what the future would hold.
5. Xie Lei had the chance to learn more about the new culture. E. She was living with students from other colleges.
6. Xie Lei went to her tutor to ask the reason. F. She had to learn almost everything again.
7. Xie Lei had no time for social activities. G. She was much too busy with her work.
Task III Read Parag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )raph 4 and fill in the blanks. Try to understand why Xie Lei did not get a good mark for her first essay.
What Xie Lei did The problems the tutor pointed out
Xie Lei:—found the article on the 1. ________ having the same information.—made a summary.—2. ________ the draft.—handed in the essay. She:—shouldn’t copy other people without 3. ________ them.—shouldn’t write only what other people thought.—should read widely about different ideas and give 4. ________.—should have the courage to contradict the authors.
Post-reading activities
Task I Write a su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mmary of the text. Then try to retell the text to your partners.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Task II What ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) do you think is the best way to solve the problem of getting used to the new way of life in a foreign country Share your opinion with your partners.
Task III Make a d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ialogue between Xie Lei and her tutor talking about her first essay.
Task IV Imagine ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )you are a reporter. Write an article of about 150 words reporting what Xie Lei did for her social life.
参考答案：
Pre-reading activities
Task I 略
Task II 略
Task III 略
While-reading activities
Task I 1. nervous ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 2. degree 3. telephone 4. host 5. idioms 6. acknowledgement 7. contradict 8. clubs
Task II 1-D 2-A 3-F 4-B 5-E 6-C 7-G
Task III 1. I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nternet 2. revised 3. acknowledging 4. her own opinion
Post-reading activities
Task I
After living in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the same city in China all her life, 21 year old Xie Lei was very nervous when she got to London, so she is glad she decided to complete a preparation year first. It has given her the time to get used to the English way of life and how different everyday English is from the English spoken on the tapes she studied at home. Some foreign students choose to live in student accommodation while others like Xie Lei choose to live with a host family. She finds she can learn more about the culture this way and if she doesn’t understand something, she can ask her host family for advice. At first Xie Lei found the different style of studying in England difficult but she is used to it now and is working on finding time for a social life.
Task II 略
Task III 略
Task IV略WORDS & EXPRESSIONS
occupy
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳occupy的意思。
1. A bed occupied the corner of the room.
2. The speeches occupied three hours.
3. The capital has been occupied by the army.
4. Linda occupies an important position in her company.
5. Work will occupy your mind and help you forget about him.
【自我归纳】 occupy是动词，意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为：①占用（空间、时间等）（句1、句2）；②________（句3）；③担任（职位）（句4）；④占据（头脑、思想等）（句5）。
【拓展】
occupy oneself (i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n) doing sth. / with sth. = be occupied (in) doing sth. / with sth.忙着做某事/忙于某事物
【即学即练】 翻译下面句子。
1. Many men still occupy more positions of power than women.
____________________________________________________________
2. Family photos occupied almost the entire wall.
____________________________________________________________
3. 她的时间全部用在了她的两个孩子身上。
____________________________________________________________
参考答案
occupy
【自我归纳】 占领
【即学即练】
1. 许多男人仍然比女人担任更多要职。
2. 家庭照片占用了几乎整面墙。
3. Her time is fully occupied with her two children.
govern
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳govern的意思。
1. We are happy to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) see that Hong Kong is now governed by its own people.
2. In such a case, you must try to govern your temper.
3. She is easily governed by the opinions of others.
【自我归纳】govern意为：① 统治，管理（句1）；② 控制（脾气等）（句2）；③ ________（句3）。
【拓展】governor n. 州长，管理人员 government n. 政府，内阁
governmental adj. 政治（上）的，政府的
【即学即练】用govern的适当形式填空。
1. The state is ________ by a wise ________.
2. The new ________ has established a new ________ system.
参考答案
govern
【自我归纳】支配，影响
【即学即练】
1. governed; governor 2. government; governmental
acknowledge
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳acknowledge的意思及用法。
1. I acknowledge the truth of your statement.
2. Bob was acknowledged as their leader.
3. Thomas is widely acknowledged to be the best player in the city.
4. My father acknowledges that when he’s tired he gets bad-tempered.
【自我归纳】acknowledge ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作及物动词，意为“承认”，常见用法：acknowledge sth.（句1）；________（句2和句3）；acknowledge that ...（句4）。
【即学即练】翻译下列句子。
1. 他们拒不承认被打败。
2. 哈利被公认为班里最聪明的男孩。
参考答案
acknowledge
【自我归纳】be acknowledged as / to be
【即学即练】
1. They refused to acknowledge that they were defeated.
2. Harry is acknowledged as / to be the cleverest boy in the class.
fit in
【归纳】 fit in意为“适应，相融合，合得来”，可单独使用，也可与介词with连用。如：
It’s no surprise she’s leaving — she never really fitted in.
It’s a very n ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ice sofa but it doesn’t fit in with the rest of the room.
His explanation didn’t fit in with what I saw.
【即学即练】翻译下列句子。
1. 这些计划与你的安排一致吗
2. 他以前从未做过这种工作，我不知道他是否能配合好。
参考答案
fit in
【即学即练】
1. Do these plans fit in with your arrangements
2. He’s never done ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) this type of work before; I’m not sure how he’ll fit in.
