（3）Unit 2 Onwards and upwards—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元检测卷（A卷）
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.Constructive_____ (criticise) helps individuals and organisations improve and grow.
2.Actually, I can't guarantee_____ (appoint) you to take over the business.
3.We ought not to stop_____ (practise) if we truly want to master the knowledge we have learnt.
4.Though at first we are hurt, we _______ (eventual)learn from the experiences.
5.I am very delighted _______ (teach)you something about Tang poems.
6.She is struggling _______ (bring)up a family on a very low income.
7.You will _______ (rare), if ever, have to wait longer than an hour.
8.I watch videos of his skating over and over again in search of hope and _____(persevere).
9.The barber showed remarkable ______(endure) throughout his illness.
10.People aren't willing to change their views about food as there is so much confusing _____(inform) online.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Most people can’t live to 100. Those who do live so long can hardly walk, let alone take part in any activities. A few people, however, take part in dangerous activities even though they are more than 100 years old — they keep going and going! There is a great grandmother who likes challenging herself although she is 101 years old this year.
Mary Hardison believes that people should always be cheerful and more importantly, take on all kinds of adventures while they physically still can. So, instead of celebrating her 101st birthday with a boring party, she decided to go paragliding(滑翔跳伞)— an idea she got from her 75-year-old son who recently took it up as a hobby.
So on her birthday, cheered on by her big family, she tied herself up together with expert instructor Kevin Hintze, and jumped down fearlessly from the sky near her home in Ogden, Utah. And, it was not just a simple jump either. According to Kevin Hintze, the grandmother encouraged him to turn around, as they made their way down.
This is not the first time that Mary has done something “wild” and “crazy”. For her 90th birthday she rode all the adult rides at Disneyland. And, she is not done yet — for her 102nd birthday she hopes to go down the 3,000 feet Alpine Slide at Utah’s Park City Mountain Resort!
Not surprisingly, this great action has made Mary Hardison very famous and also earned her a place in the Guinness World Records where she broke a 2007 record set by a 100-year-old British woman. What an amazing lady!
11.What do we know about Mary Hardison
A. She took up paragliding as her hobby at 75.
B. She is the oldest woman in the Guinness Records.
C. She was recorded in the Guinness World in 2007.
D. She likes challenging herself regradless of age.
12.From whom did Mary get the idea of going paragliding
A. A 100-year-old British woman. B. Her 75-year-old son.
C. Her grandson. D. Kevin Hintze.
13.How does the author feel about Mary’s action
A. Amazed. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Worried.
14.The text is likely to appear in ________.
A. a news report B. an advertisement C. a novel D. a science report
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Medicine is a degree that consists of an endless number of exams, and recently I received my first year results. Waiting for those results was one of the most anxiety-generating experiences.
①_____ Failing brings judgement from others, a topic of discussion for people, and the right for others to say you don't have enough capacity. The stress associated with failing is created by others around you, rather than by the event itself.
I have recently been reading The Psychology of Money by Morgan Housel, which clarifies that failure has the strong presence among those who have achieved success. People will always focus on Warren Edward Buffett's success as an investor. ②_____
The process of achieving success has often involved setbacks and "failures" along the way. I received a "pass" grade on an important research paper during my master's year, which put my final grade in a dangerous situation. I was rejected by medical schools which I'd spent time and effort applying to and preparing for. ③_____ I also began studying medicine last year.
④_____ But you should know that with each failure you are closer to success, building further layers to the foundations you started. Behind every successful person are more obstacles and setbacks, but these are not as interesting to focus on or as enviable.
The noise around you, whether it is from co-workers, friends or parents, should not shake your belief in your abilities. ⑤_____ Learn what you need and correct your approach until you reach your success.
A. Failure is your platform to success.
B. You are guaranteed a lifetime of success.
C. I was turned down by countless graduate schemes.
D. You may not be successful the first, second or however many times.
E. Upon reflection I believe that this is partly as a result of the failure itself.
F. Despite all of this, I ended up getting a distinction in my master's degree.
G. However, they will rarely see how many times his investments have failed.
四、书面表达（满分20分）
假定你是李华，你班本周Class Report的主题是A Man of Perseverance。请你写一篇发言稿。内容包括：
1. 人物事迹简介；
2. 给你的启示。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Good morning, everyone. Today, I’d like to share a story about a man of perseverance.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your listening.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：criticism
解析：句意为:建设性的批评有助于个人和组织的进步和成长。设空处作主语,空前有形容词修饰,应用名词;根据谓语动词 helps为第三人称单数形式可知,填criticism。
2.答案：to appoint
解析：句意为:事实上,我不能保证任命你接管生意。guarantee to do sth意为“保证做某事”。
3.答案：practising
解析：句意为:如果我们真正想掌握所学的知识,我们不应该停止练习。stop doing sth意为“停止做某事”,指停止做原来的事情;stop to do sth 意为“停下(手头的事情)去做另外一件事”。根据句意可知,设空处应用动名词形式。
4.答案：eventually
解析：分析句子可知，所填词作状语修饰动词learn,应用副词eventually"最后；终于"，故填eventually。
5.答案：to teach
解析：delighted"高兴的"，在句子中作表语，表语形容词后面通常用动词不定式作状语，表达原因，故填to teach。
6.答案：to bring
解析：动词struggle的意思是"奋斗；努力"，表示"努力去做"，后面通常接动词不定式,struggle to do,故填to bring。
7.答案：rarely
解析：分析句子可知，if ever是插入语，此处应用副词rarely"极少地"修饰动词短语，表示频率，故填rarely。
8.答案：perseverance
解析：句意:我一遍又一遍地看他滑冰的视频,寻找希望和毅力。由and可知,空格处和名词hope并列,作短语in search of的并列宾语。
9.答案：endurance
解析：句意:这个男理发师在整个生病期间表现出了非凡的忍耐力。此处应用名词作showed的宾语。
10.答案：information
解析：句意:人们不愿意改变他们对食物的看法,因为网上有太多令人困惑的信息。confusing是形容词,修饰名词。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“A few people, however, take part in dangerous activities even though they are more than 100 years old — they keep going and going! There is a great grandmother who likes challenging herself although she is 101 years old this year.(然而，有些人即使超过100岁，仍然参加危险的活动—他们一直坚持下去！有一位曾祖母，虽然她今年已经101岁了，但她仍然喜欢挑战自己)”可知，玛丽·哈德森无论年龄多大，她都喜欢挑战自己。故选D项。
12.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“So, instead of celebrating her 101st birthday with a boring party, she decided to go paragliding— an idea she got from her 75-year-old son who recently took it up as a hobby.(所以，她决定去玩滑翔伞，而不是开一个无聊的派对来庆祝她的101岁生日—这个主意是她75岁的儿子给她的，他最近把滑翔伞当作了一种爱好)”可知，玛丽从她75岁的儿子那里得到去滑翔伞的主意。故选B项。
13.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What an amazing lady!(真是一位了不起的女士！)”可推知，作者对玛丽的行为感到惊讶。故选A项。
14.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Most people can’t live to 100. Those who do live so long can hardly walk, let alone take part in any activities. A few people, however, take part in dangerous activities even though they are more than 100 years old — they keep going and going! There is a great grandmother who likes challenging herself although she is 101 years old this year.(大多数人活不到100岁。那些长寿的人几乎不能走路，更不用说参加任何活动了。然而，有些人即使超过100岁，仍然参加危险的活动—他们一直坚持下去!有一位曾祖母，虽然她今年已经101岁了，但她仍然喜欢挑战自己)”结合下文，主要讲述了玛丽·哈迪森在101岁的时候，挑战滑翔伞项目，和她的其他挑战自我的事迹。由此推知，本文应该是一篇报道，报道了这个人的故事。故选A项。
三、七选五
答案：EGFDA
解析：①根据上文的"Waiting for those...anxiety-generating experiences"和下文的"Failing brings judgement...have enough capacity"可知,上文提到等待结果的过程让人很焦虑,下文分析了失败会带来什么样的结果,所以空处内容应该会讲到焦虑的原因是害怕失败。故选项E承上启下,符合语境。
②分析语境寻线索:根据上文的"People will always...as an investor"可推知,接下来会讲到巴菲特也有投资失败的时候→对比选项定答案:选项G"然而,他们很少会看到他的投资已经失败了多少次"符合语境。选项中的they指代上文的People。
③分析语境寻线索:根据上文的"I was rejected...and preparing for"和下文的"I also began studying medicine last year"可知,上文提到作者曾经的失败经历,下文提到他也开始学习医学,所以空处内容应承上启下→对比选项定答案:选项F"尽管如此,我还是在攻读硕士学位期间获得了优异成绩"符合语境。
④根据下文的"But you should...foundations you started"可知,但是你应该知道每一次的失败都会让你离成功更近。再结合But可知,空处与下文内容构成转折关系。选项D"你可能第一次、第二次或无论多少次都不成功"符合题意。
⑤根据语境和下文的"Learn what you...reach your success"可知,空处内容应讲到失败与成功的关系。故选项A"失败是你通往成功的平台"符合题意。
四、书面表达
答案：
Good morning, everyone. Today, I’d like to share a story about a man of perseverance.
Thomas Edison, the great inventor, faced numerous failures before his groundbreaking success. He made countless attempts to invent the electric light bulb, experiencing over a thousand failures. However, instead of giving up, he famously said, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” His tenacity and refusal to accept defeat ultimately led him to success, forever changing the world.
This story teaches me a valuable lesson about perseverance. It reminds me that failure is not a reason to quit but an opportunity to learn and grow. It is through persistence that we can overcome obstacles and achieve our goals.
In conclusion, let us remember the words of Thomas Edison and embrace perseverance in our own lives.
Thanks for your listening.（4）Unit 2 Onwards and upwards—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元检测卷（B卷）
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.The guide guaranteed______ (offer) us the best service when we got there.
2.Young people may risk______ (go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day
3.We expressed our congratulations to him on his winning the______ (elect).
4.You can keep the active information______ (permanent) and can't forget it for good.
5.Space travel can be so______ (delight) but at the same time invisibly dangerous.
6.He appreciated______ (give) such a good opportunity and was determined to do his best in this job.
7.In addition to______ (put) money aside for university, it also means investing in yourself.
8.We turned to the old lady for help, but she suggested______ (ask) the police instead.
9.He brought to the job not just considerable experience but great______ (enthusiastic).
10.The condition of this car is so serious. It really needs______ (repair) before driving on the road again.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Ed Jackson's team were trying to climb to the top of a Himalayan mountain. However, weeks after they set off, they were stranded(滞留) there overnight without water, food or tents at a temperature of about -30 ℃. They took turns to keep each other awake in case they fell asleep and did not wake up again.
Actually, that night on the mountain top was not the first time that Jackson had been close to death.
Five years ago, while still a professional rugby player, Jackson broke his neck in a challenge, which nearly killed him. Jackson was told by doctors that he was likely to face life in a wheelchair. He was forced to retire from playing rugby.
Luckily, Jackson managed to discard his wheelchair six months after the accident. To mark the first anniversary of his accident, Jackson set himself the goal of climbing Mount Snowdon, the highest mountain in Wales, even though he was still using two crutches(拐杖) then. He tried to climb many higher mountains after that. Four years later, he found himself in the Himalayas.
The challenges that Jackson faced in the mountains have had a great impact on his recovery both physically and mentally. Jackson realized that others might benefit, too. So he started the charity Millimeters to Mountains (M2M) with his wife Lois and his friend Oily Barkley. It takes beneficiaries who have suffered physical or psychological injuries in challenges around the world, allowing them to access the healing power of nature.
Jackson says, "I once lost hope in life because of my bad condition, thinking there was nothing I could do. But hopefully what I'm doing, what we're doing with the charity and what our beneficiaries are proving can give anyone the hope that they can turn their life around, no matter how discouraging it might seem at that moment."
11.What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about
A. Jackson was tired of ball games.
B. Jackson was no stranger to suffering in life.
C. Jackson was well respected for his survival skills.
D. Jackson was advised to do exercise by his doctors.
12.What does the underlined word "discard" probably mean in the third paragraph
A. Give up. B. Figure out. C. Move on. D. Look through.
13.Why did Jackson start M2M
A. To educate sports lovers.
B. To raise money for the disabled.
C. To encourage safe mountain climbing.
D. To help people with similar experiences.
14.What kind of person is Jackson probably
A. Enthusiastic but impolite. B. Creative but impatient.
C. Adventurous and inspiring. D. Responsible and humorous.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
There are five factors which contribute to the spread of fake news: political gain, misreporting, going viral(病毒式传播), financial gain and "not letting the truth get in the way of a good story".
①_____ When the Titanic disaster happened, telegrams stating that all the passengers from the Titanic had been rescued were reported as facts in newspapers, before the full extent of the tragedy came to light.
②_____ In the early 20th century it took years rather than seconds but the principle was the same. People shared the photographs around, not checking the accuracy of them, either wanting to believe they were real, or just because they were a novelty.
It's long been believed that the motto of Fleet Street is "Never let the facts get in the way of a good story", illustrated by a news story earlier in 2017 that Jeremy Corbyn had refused to bow his head to the Queen at the State Opening of Parliament. Only later did it become known that protocol(礼节) doesn't require bowing to the Queen in these situations. ③_____
The final two factors for a story to be fake news often go hand in hand: as a political tool, and a must to make profits. ④_____ Easier than you'd think. The websites with fake news can easily get astonishing hits, which then attract advertisements and thus earn the website owners a nice profit.
The good news is that a number of new media organizations are trying to encourage us to think about where news comes from, who puts it out, and whether anyone can politically, financially or ideologically gain from it, before we share it around social media. ⑤_____
A. How does that make money
B. How do people gain politically
C. But that didn't matter—the story was out.
D. Here is a good example of misreporting.
E. That was how a good story came into being.
F. Going viral is another typical characteristic of fake news.
G. Thus we can give it certain respectability and trustworthiness.
四、书面表达（满分20分）
假如你是红星中学学生李华。请你根据以下要点,介绍在“传统文化进校园”活动中向面人艺术家学习捏面人的过程,并以“A Day with a Craftsman”为题,写一篇英语短文向校刊《英语角》投稿。
1.艺术家展示做面人的技巧;
2.与艺术家合照;
3.你的感受。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
A Day with a Craftsman
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案： to offer
解析：句意为:导游保证当我们到达那里时会为我们提供最好的服务。guarantee to do sth意为“保证做某事”。
2.答案： going
解析：句意为:年轻人如果每天都听很响的音乐,他们可能会有失聪的风险。risk doing sth 意为“冒险做某事”。
3.答案：election
解析：句意为:我们对他贏得选举表示祝贺。设空处作winning 的宾语,其前有定冠词the修饰,应用名词。故填election。
4.答案：permanently
解析：句意为:您可以永久保存活动资料,永远不会忘记。设空处修饰动词keep,要用副词作状语。permanent是形容词,意为“永久的;长久的”,其副词形式为permanently,意为“永久地;长久地”。故填 permanently。
5.答案：delightful
解析：句意为:太空旅行可以非常令人愉快,但同时又存在无形的危险。设空处作be的表语,形容Space travel,应用形容词。delightful 意为“令人愉快的”,多用于修饰事物;delighted 意为“高兴的;快乐的”,多用于修饰人。主语 Spacetravel 表示事物,应用 delightful 修饰。故填 delightful。
6.答案：being given
解析：句意为:他非常感激被给予这么好的机会,决心要尽全力做好这份工作。appreciate doing sth 意为“感激做某事”。give与 He之间为逻辑上的被动关系,用动名词的被动式。
7.答案：putting
解析：句意为:这不光是为上大学存钱,也意味着对自己的投资。此处to为介词,后面应该用动名词形式作宾语。故填 putting。
8.答案：asking
解析：句意为:我们向那位老妇人寻求帮助,但她建议求助警察。suggest doing sth 意为“建议做某事”。
9.答案：enthusiasm
解析：句意为:他不仅给这一工作带来了相当多的经验,而且倾注了极大的热情。此处为not just ... but...连接的并列成分作 brought 的宾语,设空处前有形容词 great修饰,应用名词。enthusiastic是形容词,意为“热情的;热心的”,其名词形式为enthusiasm,意为“热情;热心”。故填enthusiasm。
10.答案：repairing/to be repaired
解析：句意为:这辆车的情况很严重。它确实需要修理才能再次上路。need doing/ to be done意为“(某事)需要被做”。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中"However, weeks after they set off, they were stranded (滞留) there overnight without water, food or tents at a temperature of about -30 ℃.(然而，他们出发几周后，在零下30℃的温度下，他们被困在那里过夜，没有水，没有食物，也没有帐篷)"和第二段中"Actually, that night on the mountain top was not the first time that Jackson had been close to death.(事实上，在山顶的那个夜晚并不是Jackson第一次濒临死亡)"可知，前两段主要讲述Jackson在经历的磨难，所以第二段主要讲的是Jackson对生活中的苦难并不陌生。故选B。
12.答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。画线词前动词短语"managed to"的意思是"设法做成某事"，结合其后"his wheelchair"和下一句"To mark the first anniversary of his accident, Jackson set himself the goal of climbing Mount Snowdon, the highest mountain in Wales, even though he was still using two crutches (拐杖) then.(为了纪念他的事故一周年，Jackson给自己设定了攀登威尔士最高山峰斯诺登山的目标，尽管当时他还在拄着两根拐杖)"可知，Jackson不需再使用轮椅了，所以划线词discard意为"抛弃"，与动词短语give up意思相近。故选A。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中"It takes beneficiaries who have suffered physical or psychological injuries in challenges around the world, allowing them to access the healing power of nature.(它接受在世界各地的挑战中遭受身体或心理伤害的受益者，使他们能够获得大自然的治愈力量)"可知，Jackson创办M2M是为了帮助有类似经历的人。故选D。
14.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中"Ed Jackson's team were trying to climb to the top of a Himalayan mountain.(Ed Jackson的团队正试图爬上喜马拉雅山的山顶)"、第四段"Jackson set himself the goal of climbing Mount Snowdon, the highest mountain in Wales(Jackson给自己设定了攀登威尔士最高山峰斯诺登山的目标)"以及最后一段中"But hopefully what I'm doing, what we're doing with the charity and what our beneficiaries are proving can give anyone the hope that they can turn their life around, no matter how discouraging it might seem at that moment.(但希望我所做的，我们与慈善机构所做的，以及我们的受益人所证明的，可以给任何人带来希望，他们可以改变自己的生活，无论当时看起来多么令人沮丧)"可知，Ed Jackson勇于冒险且鼓舞人心。故选C。
三、七选五
答案：DFCAG
解析：①横线后一句“When the Titanic disaster happened, Telegrams stating that all the passengers from the Titanic had been rescued were reported as fact in newspapers”告诉我们当泰坦尼克号沉没的时候,新闻报道说所有乘客都获救了。这属于典型的虚假新闻,列举的是错误报道的例子,所以D项“Here is a good example of misreporting.”符合语境,故选择D项。
②横线后一句“In the early 20th century it took years rather than seconds but the principle was the same.”告诉我们在20世纪早期虚假新闻的传播要好几年,而现在只要几秒钟。虽然时间差别很大,但是这种病毒式传播虚假新闻的原则是一样的,所以F项“Going viral is another typical characteristic of fake news.”符合语境,故选择F项。
③横线前一句中列举事例告诉我们实际上Jeremy Corbyn在国会上并不需要向女王鞠躬,但他拒绝向女王鞠躬的新闻已经传播出去了,至于最终是否是真实的并不重要。所以C项“But that didn't matter, the story was out.”符合语境,故选择C项。
④本段最后一句“The websites with fake news can easily get astonishing hits, which then attracts advertisements and thus earn the website owners a nice profit.”告诉我们虚假新闻刊登在网站上,引起更多人点击这个新闻,会吸引广告商在这个网站上投放广告,网站的所有者就可以挣钱了。该句解释了A项“How does that make money ”所提出的问题。故选择A项。
⑤本段第一句“The good news is that a number of new media organizations are trying to encourage us to think about where news comes from, who puts it out, and whether anyone can politically, financially or ideologically gain from it， before we share it around social media.”告诉我们很多新闻媒体鼓励人们在传播信息之前要仔细思考这个消息的来源以及谁能够从中获利等。这样做能够更好地确定新闻的真实性。G项“Thus we can give it certain respectability and trustworthiness.”符合语境,故选择G项。
四、书面表达
答案：
A Day with a Craftsman
Last Tuesday, our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines.
At first, he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him and watched his movement in an attentive way. Then we were asked to have a try. The old man walked around and instructed us patiently. Finally, we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. Looking at the products of our hard work, we were all very excited.
We expressed our gratitude to the craftsman. What an interesting day! I really hope we can have more activities of this kind.
