（6）Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元检测卷（B卷）
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.Being caught in a heavy traffic jam______ (be) usually quite an unpleasant experience.
2.It is characteristic of Jack______ (turn) up at the last minute, which of course, makes the rest of us rather annoyed.
3.It shocked us______ (learn) that the one-thousand-year temple lay in ruins during the storm.
4.The longer you live with purpose and sincerity, the more______ (intense) you experience truth and joy.
5.Listening to soft music, as well as______ (take) exercise, helps a lot in relieving people's sad emotions.
6.It's no use______ (discuss) with him over the small thing on such a big occasion.
7.Victory in the last game gave them a psychological advantage over their______ (opponent).
8.This great battle was______ (vivid) recorded in the documentary film.
9.Henry found that______ (create) music was a relief and cure for his illness.
10.Many people agree that _____(go) to a museum is a good way of learning about the pageant of ancient events.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
It's well known that weightlifting can strengthen our biceps (二头肌). Now, there's increasing evidence that strengthening the muscles we use to breathe is beneficial too. New research shows that daily muscle training for breathing muscles helps promote heart health and reduces high blood pressure.
"The muscles we use to breathe tend to weaken as we get older," explains researcher Daniel, a physiologist at the University of Colorado Boulder. To test what happens when these muscles are given a good workout, he and his colleagues recruited (招收) healthy volunteers aged 18 to 82 to try a daily five-minute technique using a resistance-breathing training device. When people breathe into it, the device provides resistance, making it harder to breathe in. "We found that doing 30 breaths per day for six weeks lowers systolic blood pressure by about 9 mmHg," Daniel says. According to Joyner, a physician at the Mayo Clinic who studies how the nervous system regulates blood pressure, that is the type of reduction with a blood pressure drug.
So, how exactly does breath training lower blood pressure Daniel points to the role of endothelial cells(内皮细胞), which promote the production of NO. NO helps widen our blood vessels (血管) and promote good blood flow. "What we found was that six weeks of the training will increase endothelial function by about 45%," Daniel explains.
The new study builds on a previous study and adds to the evidence that the training is beneficial for adults of all ages. Before the results came in, Daniel had suspected that young, healthy adults might not benefit as much. "But we saw strong effects," he says, pointing to a significant decline in blood pressure for participants of all ages. He says the finding suggests the training could help healthy young people prevent heart disease and the rise in blood pressure that tends to occur with ageing.
The technique is not intended to replace exercise, he cautions, or to replace medicine for people with high blood pressure. Instead, Daniel says, "It would be a good additional intervention for people who are doing other healthy lifestyle approaches already."
11.Who was most likely to be a volunteer in the study
A. An adult working nearby. B. A pupil from a local school.
C. A senior with heart disease. D. A backpacker staying for 2 weeks.
12.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Giving breathing muscles a good workout.
B. Doing 30 breaths per day for six weeks.
C. Regulating blood pressure by the nerves.
D. Lowering blood pressure by about 9 mmHg.
13.What can be known about the research result
A. It was far from satisfactory. B. It confirmed Daniel's doubt.
C. It was contrary to the previous study. D. It was beyond Daniel's expectations.
14.What does the text seem to advocate
A. Muscle training to promote our health.
B. Weightlifting to strengthen our muscles.
C. Daily breath training to reduce blood pressure.
D. Lifestyle approaches to preventing blood diseases.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. ①_____ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
● Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. ②_____
● Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. ③_____ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
● ④_____ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
● ⑤_____ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!
四、书面表达（满分20分）
假定你是李华,你的澳大利亚朋友William暑假期间要来中国游玩,行程中计划在你家住三天,请你给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1.住宿条件;
2.活动安排;
3.其他事项 (气候差异、着装提醒等)。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：is
解析：句意为:陷入严重的交通堵塞通常是很不愉快的经历。Being caught in a heavy traffic jam为动名词短语在句中作主语,表示单数概念,且根据句意可知,此处表示客观事实,应用一般现在时,be动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
2.答案：to turn
解析：句意为:杰克向来在最后一刻出现,这当然让我们其他人相当恼火。此处考查固定句型“it is +adj.+ of sb + to do sth”,意为“某人做某事是..的”,it是形式主语,动词不定式是真正的主语。故填 to turn。
3.答案：to learn
解析：句意为:得知这座千年古刹在暴风雨中成了废城,我们感到震惊。it shocked sb to do sth为固定句型,意为“做某事让某人震惊”,本题中It是形式主语,不定式短语是真正的主语。故填 to learn。
4.答案：intensely
解析：句意为:你带着目标和真诚生活得越久,你体验到的真实和快乐就越强烈。设空处修饰动词experience,应用副词作状语。故填intensely。
5.答案：taking
解析：句意为:听轻柔的音乐以及锻炼身体非常有助于缓解人们的悲伤情绪。此处 as well as连接两个并列成分作主语,设空处和 Listening 在形式上应保持一致,故填动名词形式。
6.答案：discussing
解析：句意为:在这么大的场合和他讨论这件小事是没有用的。it's no use doing sth是固定句型,意为“做某事是没有用的”,本题中It作形式主语,动名词作真正的主语。故填discussing。
7.答案：opponents
解析：句意为:上一场比赛的胜利使他们在心理上战胜了对手。根据句中的 them 推测这是群体比赛,opponent意为“(竞争、比赛等的)对手”,为可数名词,此处应用复数形式。故填opponents。
8.答案：vividly
解析：句意为:这部纪录片生动地再现了这场伟大的战役。设空处在句中修饰谓语 was recorded,应用副词形式。
9.答案：creating
解析：句意为:亨利发现创作音乐可以缓解和治愈他的疾病。此处 that引导宾语从句,从句的系动词是was, ______music在从句中作主语,此处表示抽象性的动作,应用动名词形式。
10.答案：going
解析：句意:许多人都认同去博物馆是了解古代事件的盛大场面的一个好方法。根据句子结构可知,宾语从句中,动名词短语作主语,表示陈述一件事情。
二、阅读理解
11.答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的he and his colleagues recruited healthy volunteers aged 18 to 82 to try a daily five-minute technique using a resistance-breathing training device可知,志愿者为年龄在18岁到82岁之间的健康人,需要每天进行5分钟的训练。由此可知,一个在附近工作的成年人最有可能成为这项研究的志愿者。故选A项。
12.答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文的"We found that doing 30 breaths per day for six weeks lowers systolic blood pressure by about 9 mmHg," Daniel says.可知,丹尼尔发现每天做30次呼吸并持续六周会让收缩压降低约9毫米汞柱,画线词后内容表示这是降压药的降压效果,因此“降低血压约9毫米汞柱”就是降压效果。由此可猜测,画线词指的是“降低血压约9毫米汞柱”。故选D项。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Before the results came in, Daniel had suspected that young, healthy adults might not benefit as much. "But we saw strong effects," he says, pointing to a significant decline in blood pressure for participants of all ages.可知,在结果出来之前,丹尼尔曾怀疑年轻健康的成年人可能不会受益这么多,但实际上所有年龄段的参与者血压都有显著下降。因此,研究结果超出了丹尼尔的预料。故选D项。
14.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。本文第一段提出主题;加强用来呼吸的肌肉对健康有益;接着第二段中研究的结果表明,定期的呼吸训练会降低血压;第三段解释了呼吸训练是如何降低血压的;最后两段表明,呼吸训练对所有年龄的人都有益处,并且是让人们保持健康生活方式的一种补充干预措施。综上,本文说明呼吸训练对心脏健康和血压的好处,所以本文提倡每天进行呼吸训练来降低血压。故选C项。
三、七选五
答案：GEFBA
解析：①空后一句及接下来的段落是在讲晨练的好处,所以G"如果你计划定期锻炼,或者你现在正在锻炼,那就注意听"符合语境。
②根据空处前两句(你的工作效率提高了;锻炼会让你更清醒,并准备好应付一天中摆在你面前的一切)可知,此空应选E"运动后你可以保持头脑清醒4-10个小时"。more awake与E项中的clear照应。
③由此空后的"getting...the whole day"与F项中的"burn calories throughout the day"一致可知,答案为F"在你运动之后,你一整天都在消耗卡路里"。
④此空是本段的中心句,根据本段内容可知,本段主要讲了晨练对睡眠的益处,所以选B"你的睡眠质量提高了"。空后一句中的"slept better"是关键信息。
⑤根据本段中的"healthy food"和"junk food"与选项A中的diet有关可知,此空应选A"你会坚持你的饮食(习惯)。
四、书面表达
答案：
Dear William,
I am delighted to know that you are coming to China, and especially excited that you will stay in my house. Now, I’d like to tell you some relevant information about your stay here.
The bedroom in which you will live is bright and pleasant. All kinds of books as well as a computer are available. Of course you have easy access to the network. What’s more, I intend to show you around my city so that you can visit some places of interest. By the way, we are having a hot summer here. So, be sure to bring some clothes suitable for this season.
I am sure you will have a wonderful experience here. I’m looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua（5）Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元检测卷（A卷）
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.It would be good to be able to travel light, but I end up_____ (take) too many clothes.
2.The path becomes very_____ (mud) on rainy days, which makes it difficult for people to go in or go out.
3.You should learn to have breaks. If you carry on_____ (work) like that, you'll break down sooner or later.
4.It's clear that the teacher aims at_____ (improve) her students' writing skills.
5.If you don't know what you want, you might end up ____________ (get) something you don't want.
6.I never ____________ (expect) that an earthquake would occur here. But it did happen.
7.There are many serious health problems which are ____________ (associate) with smoking.
8.Her curly hair was _____(shine) and clean, which made her charming.
9.Born in 551 BC, Confucius is considered a great _____(philosophy) in the history of China.
10.With a label ______ (attach) to each piece of luggage, it is easy for passengers to recognize their own luggage.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
A disabled woman with only one leg is seeking to break a world record by completing 102 marathon-length runs in 102 days.
Jacky Hunt-Broersma, who lost the bottom half of her left leg to a rare form of cancer in 2001, set her goal in mid-January. And every day since then, she has been running the distance of a marathon. "Part of my body was gone. For me the most difficult problem was accepting my disability," she told the reporter.
Until five years ago, she was not very active. But then she looked into running and decided to give it a try. The sport ended up being quite costly. Currently, the carbon fibre blade (碳纤维叶片) she uses, which is designed specifically for running, costs about $10,000. "Running really changed my life," she said. "It helped me accept myself as a person with disability. It gave me a sense of freedom. I fell in love with the process of pushing my body further just to see what I could do."
However, she has faced both physical and mental difficulties during her record-breaking attempt. On one recent day, Hunt-Broersma felt a breakdown at 24 kilometres and began to cry. In that moment, she felt like her planned goal might not happen at all. By dividing it into little goals, she finally picked herself up and carried on.
Hunt-Broersma's main support team is her husband and their two young children. She is posting her progress online and has also got a large social media following.
As she nears the end of her goal, Hunt-Broersma is hoping to inspire a single thought in others: You're stronger than you think and you're capable of so much more.
11.What was the most challenging to Hunt-Broersma
A. Taking part in a marathon. B. Breaking a world record.
C. Living with disability. D. Fighting against cancer.
12.What can we learn about Hunt-Broersma from Paragraph 3
A. She was crazy about running. B. Running helped her realise her life goal.
C. Running freed her from her housework. D. She spent much money on running.
13.Why did Hunt-Broersma break down one day
A. She felt hopeless about her goal B. She lost a record-breaking chance.
C. She got no support from her family. D. She missed a sense of freedom.
14.What does Hunt-Broersma's story try to tell us
A. Better late than never. B. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
C. Many hands make light work. D. Good things come to those who wait.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Benefits of Sports
Doing sports is a physical, mental and social adventure. It's a great way for children to take a break from academics and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve overall well-being.
The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you'll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you're involved. ①______ Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions.
②______ Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. A pat on the back, high-five from a teammate, or handshake after a match really boosts a child's confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise the self-worth. ③______ So after a game, it's a better idea to ask "Did you enjoy the game " rather than "Did you win "
Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up accountability and leadership. ④______ Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork breeds accountability and challenges you to be responsible for your actions. Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader.
Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance academics and athletics. ⑤______
There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in. Are you ready to go Pick one and get moving!
A. It's not just your body that benefits from sports.
B. Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit.
C. But remember, a child's self-worth should not be distinguished by victory or loss.
D. If you play group sports, you'll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach.
E. Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to be competitive.
F. Among these, learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage.
G. Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field.
四、书面表达（满分20分）
假定你是李华,上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括：
1.参加人员；
2.跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下；
3.活动反响。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Cross-Country Running Race
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：taking
解析：句意为:能够轻装旅行再好不过,但我最终还是带了太多衣服。end up doing...意为“最终做了……”,为固定搭配。
2.答案：muddy
解析：句意为:这条路在雨天变得非常泥泞,使人们难以进出。设空处作连系动词 becomes的表语,其前有副词very修饰,应用形容词。故填 muddy。
3.答案：working
解析：句意为:你应该学会休息。如果你继续像那样工作,你的身体迟早会垮掉的。carry on doing sth是固定搭配,意为“继续做某事”。故填 working。
4.答案：improving
解析：句意为:很明显,这位老师着力提高她的学生的写作技能。aim at doing sth是固定搭配,意为“力争做到某事”。故填 improving。
5.答案：getting
解析：考查固定短语。end up 固定短语，意为"最终到达，到头来"。end up doing something 固定短语，意为“最后做某事”。get动词，获得，动名词形式getting。根据句意：如果你不知道自己想要什么，到头来你可能得非所愿。故答案为：getting。
6.答案：expected
解析：我从没想到这里会发生地震，但它确实发生了.答案：expected 考查单词填空.根据句意及句子结构，要填入expected,指发生地震之前的动作，要用一般过去时态。
7.答案：associated
解析：根据句意和提示词可知这里使用短语be associated with意为"和……有联系"。
8.答案：shiny
解析：句意:她的卷发闪亮而清爽,这使她很有魅力。根据was可知此处应用形容词作表语,shine的形容词形式是shiny。
9.答案：philosopher
解析：句意:孔子出生在公元前551年,被认为是中国历史上伟大的哲学家。根据空格前的a great可知,空格处应填单数名词philosopher。
10.答案：attached
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:每件行李上都贴上了标签,乘客辨认自己的行李就容易了。该题考查“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，逻辑主语a label和attach之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填attached。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Part of my body was gone. For me the most difficult problem was accepting my disability, she told the reporter.可知，亨特-布鲁尔斯玛觉得最具有挑战性的事情是接受她的残疾。故选C项。
12.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的The sport ended up being quite costly. Currently, the carbon fibre blade she uses, which is designed specifically for running, costs about $10,000.可知，亨特-布鲁尔斯玛为跑步花费了很多钱。故选D项。
13.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的On one recent day, Hunt-Broersma felt a breakdown at 24 kilometres and began to cry. In that moment, she felt like her planned goal might not happen at l.可知，让亨特-布鲁尔斯玛崩溃的是她觉得无法完成自己的目标。故选A项。
14.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的You're stronger than you think and you're capable of so much more.及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了亨特布鲁尔斯玛虽然因为患病身体残疾，但仍下定决心参加马拉松比赛，为自己确定目标并努力完成，还把自己的故事分享到网上激励他人。因此，文章通过亨特-布鲁尔斯玛的故事告诉我们：有志者，事竞成。故选B项。
三、七选五
答案：EACFG
解析：① 细节句。根据空后一句可知,篮球运动员注重力量训练,足球运动员注重速度训练,而田径运动员则通过长跑训练。由此可推断,几乎每一项运动都需要体力活动和具有竞争力的技能。故选E。
②主旨句。根据空后一句可知,运动有助于心理健康,有助于增强信心和提高自我价值。由此可推断,从运动中受益的不仅仅是你的身体。故选A。
③过渡句。C项中的self-worth是前一句中的原词复现,且victory or a loss与后一句中的“Did you win ”呼应,因此C项符合语境。故选C。
④过渡句。根据空前一句可知,参加体育运动的孩子也可能从社交方面受益,感觉自己是群体的一部分,建立责任感和增强领导力;根据空后一句可知,团队合作既包括当一个可靠的队友,又包括学会依靠你的队友来取得一个积极的结果。由此可推断,设空处应承上启下。F项“其中,作为团队的一员学习如何发挥作用是最重要的好处”符合语境。故选F。
⑤细节句。根据本段第一、二句可知,本段主要介绍与纪律相关的内容,这里对本段进行总结,只有遵守严格的纪律,你才能在课堂上和运动场上都取得成功。故选G。
四、书面表达
答案：
A Cross-Country Running Race
Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.
The students selected from every class took part in the competition. The route measured five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain. Every runner tried their best to finish the task, with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement. At last, all the runners managed to arrive the finish line, receiving cheers from all the directions.
The activity was highly spoken of, because not only did it provide chance for us to exercise, but also made us more cohesive.
