（12）Unit 6 Nurturing nature—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元检测卷（B卷）
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.Now that she is out of work , Lucy______ (think) about going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.
2.I believe that Tom will pass the driving test this time, for he______ (prepare) for the test for the last three weeks.
3.I would have no hesitation in recommending him for the job, because his______ (qualify) are so satisfactory.
4.For the past years, I______ (share) a flat with other people, trying to save money to open my own business.
5.Several companies______ (approach) Anderson these few days; he's had job offers of all sorts.
6.Would you ask whether the rent is still______ (negotiate) or not
7.As is known, every______ (apply) is to be interviewed before they are admitted to become workers in this company.
8.Tom______ (talk) about his wonderful experience during the holiday without noticing the time.
9.The following programme contains scenes that may be (disturb) to some viewers.
10.Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, ______ (desire) to have a 20-year gathering during this summer.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
In films and TV shows, police investigators dust crime scenes for fingerprints to catch criminals. Now, conservationists are using a similar method to tackle the illegal overfishing of sharks and rays.
Overfishing is when too many of a particular type of fish are caught, putting that species in danger. Many sharks and rays are killed because of a high demand—and a high price—for their fins (鱼鳍).In some countries, the fins are used as an ingredient in shark fin soup, which some people believe can cure certain illnesses.
About 100 species of sharks and rays are protected by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), an agreement between 184 countries to limit sales of wildlife that may be at risk of dying out. CITES has teams of people who visit ports and fish factories to look for evidence of protected species being illegally caught and sold. The idea is to punish those responsible and stop it from happening, but finding evidence is difficult. If a fish is already cut up and ready for sale, it's hard to tell which species it is. Often, fish are sold before inspectors arrive.
Scientists have come up with a process that analyses "fish dust"—tiny traces of fish that get left on the floor at ports and factories, even after the fish are no longer there. Using a process called metabarcoding (元条形码技术),they examine the chemical that carries all the information about a living thing's body and characteristics in the dust and can tell if it is from a protected species.
The scientists tested the method in Indonesia, where many sharks and rays are caught and sold. They studied dust from seven sites and found evidence of 61 species of sharks and rays. More than 80% of them were CITES-protected species. Dr Andhika Prasetyo, the scientist who led the research, hopes the new method will be helpful in protecting endangered sea life.
11.Why is dusting crime scenes mentioned in Paragraph
A. To discuss overfishing in a broader context.
B. To introduce the initial purpose of the passage.
C. To bring forth something new with the familiar.
D. To show the difference between two professions.
12.What is Paragraph 3 of the text mainly about
A. The risk in saving wildlife and the opportunity to seize.
B. The mission of CITES and the trouble inspectors confront.
C. The number of endangered species and the way to save them.
D. The agreement made by countries and the responsibility each carries.
13.How does the metabarcoding process work
A. It scans the body of a fish to confirm its killer.
B. It guides the investigators to the remains of a fish.
C. It tums a fish into the dust and test its characteristics.
D. It identifies a fish by studying the chemical in the dust.
14.What does the test in Indonesia indicate
A. The evidence collected belongs to over 61 species
B. Scientists in Indonesia will carry out further studies.
C. The dusting method is promising in protecting sea life.
D. More than 80% of sharks and rays have been in danger.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Green tourism, a form of ecotourism, is low-impact tourism with an eye toward protecting the environment and culture of an area. As the number of tourists traveling around the world has been increasing, green tourism is getting more and more popular.
In some areas, green tourism is not only preferable but a necessity. It might seem wiser to some people to protect natural habitats and fragile(脆弱的) environments by banning visitors completely to these areas. ①_____. Green, sustainable tourism is considered to have offered the best of both worlds, protecting the ecology of an area while keeping local schools and businesses booming.
Green tourism doesn't necessarily mean a vacation spent with little or no comfort. ②_____. Ecotourism exists in almost every style and taste. From gray water recycling systems to tents on tree houses, there are numerous vacationing options. Simple efforts can go toward "greening up" a standard vacation, such as keeping to pointed pathways, ③_____ and visiting cultural areas instead of typical tourist attractions.
A very green holiday can be spent studying the plants, animals and cultural heritage of the area, as well as learning ways to protect and preserve it. Tourists can experience all that an area has to offer, ④_____.
⑤_____. They can help to build a school or perform other services that benefit the area and preserve the natural habitat. These vacations can be a lot of work, but many people find them to be very rewarding and interesting learning experiences.
A. It can be well worth doing
B. It can be a wonderful adventure
C. Green tourism could easily become the standard
D. eating where locally grown cuisine is served
E. making little or no impact on the environment
F. There are also trips available in which vacationers improve the local area actively
G. Many areas, however, depend on the income from tourism to support the local economy
四、书面表达（满分20分）
假定你是校学生会主席,为了解决城市空气污染问题,你代表学生会向全校师生发出倡议。请根据以下要点,用英语写一份倡议书:
1. 简述城市空气污染的危害。
2. 提出解决该问题的建议: (1)尽量少开车; (2)不随地扔垃圾; (3)关闭一些工厂; (4)其他措施(如多种树或草)。
3. 发出号召。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头与结尾已为你写好,但不计入总词数。
Dear teachers and students,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
The Students' Union
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：has been thinking
解析：句意为:由于露西失业了,所以她一直在考虑重返学校,但她还没有决定。根据 but she hasn't decided yet可知,露西考虑重返学校这件事发生在过去,并持续不间断地进行到现在,还会继续进行下去,故用现在完成进行时;主语为Lucy,助动词用has。
2.答案：has been preparing
解析：句意为:我相信汤姆这次会通过驾照考试的,因为过去三周他一直在为考试做准备。根据时间状语 for the last three weeks可知,此处表示 prepare 的动作从过去一直持续到现在,且根据 will pass 可知,动作很有可能持续下去,应用现在完成进行时;主语为he,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填 has been preparing。
3.答案：qualifications
解析：句意为:我将毫不犹豫地推荐他做这项工作,因为他的资历是如此令人满意。设空处作 because 引导的原因状语从句的主语,其前有形容词性物主代词his修饰,其后有are,应用名词的复数形式。
4.答案： have been sharing
解析：句意为:在过去的几年里,我一直和别人合住一套公寓,努力攒钱开自己的公司。由时间状语For the past years可知,和别人合住这件事从过去持续到了现在,并有可能继续持续下去,故应用现在完成进行时;主语为I,助动词用 have。
5.答案：have approached/have been approaching
解析：句意为:这几天有好几家公司(一直在)和安德森接洽,他已经收到了各种各样的工作邀请。根据时间状语 these few days 和 he's had job offers of all sorts可知,此处应用现在完成时,表示过去发生的动作延续到现在,并对现在造成影响;此处也可用现在完成进行时,强调动作会一直延续下去。主语为复数形式,助动词应用 have。
6.答案：negotiable
解析：句意为:你可否问一下租金是否仍可商量 设空处作is的表语,应用形容词形式,故填 negotiable,意为“可协商的”。
7.答案：applicant
解析：句意为:众所周知,所有申请者在被这家公司录用之前都要接受面试。设空处作主语,指人,应用名词,其前有every修饰,应用单数形式。故填 applicant。
8.答案：has been talking
解析：句意为:汤姆一直在谈论他度假期间的奇妙经历,没有注意到时间。根据句中的without noticing the time可知,汤姆一直在谈论,表示动作一直在持续,应用现在完成进行时;主语为Tom,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填 has been talking。
9.答案：disturbing
解析： 考查形容词。设空处作系动词be的表 语，由语境可知设空处表示“令人不安的”，应用形容词。故填disturbing。
10.答案：has been desiring
解析：句意为:自上个月以来,乔治和他以前的一些同班同学就一直希望在今年夏天举办一场毕业二十周年的同学聚会。根据时间状语Since last month可知,此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时;“希望在今年夏天举办一场毕业二十周年的同学聚会”这个想法是一直存在的,还可能继续下去,故用现在完成进行时;主语为 George,是第三人称单数,助动词用has。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。第一段提到在犯罪现场撒粉去提取指纹的方式是我们大众所熟知的,接着引出文章的主旨:自然环境保护主义者正在使用类似的方法来解决非法过度捕捞鲨鱼和鳐鱼的问题。因此提到在犯罪现场撒粉是为了从一项人们熟悉的事引出另一个新事物。故选C项。
12.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段中的to limit sales of wildlife that may be at risk of dying out 和 The idea is to punish those responsible and stop it from happening, but finding evidence is difficult. If a fish is already cut up and ready for sale, it's hard to tell which species it is. Often, fish are sold before inspectors arrive.可知,本段主要介绍了CITES 的目的以及目前所遭遇的困难,所以B项(CITES 的任务和检查员面临的困难)能够概括本段主旨。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的Using a process called meta barcoding, they examine the chemical that carries all thein formation about a living thing's body and characteristics in the dust and can tell if it is from a protected species.可知,该过程主要是检查粉尘中的化学物质以识别其是否属于受保护物种。故选D项。
14.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。最后一段提到,科学家们研究了七个地点的粉尘,发现了61种鲨鱼和鳐鱼被过度捕捞和售卖的证据,其中80%以上为CITES上的保护物种。领导这项研究的科学家安迪卡 普拉塞蒂欧博士希望这种新方法将有助于保护濒临灭绝的海洋生物。由此可知,在印尼的实验证实了这一方法能够检测到保护物种,安迪卡 普拉塞蒂欧博士也希望这种方法能够有助于保护濒临灭绝的海洋生物,所以这种新方法在保护海洋生物方面是有前景的。故选C项。
三、七选五
答案：GBDEF
解析：①上文提到了禁止游客到来,即禁止旅游业,G选项中,however是关键词,与上文构成转折关系,所以G项“然而,许多地区依靠旅游业的收入来支持当地经济”符合语境。故选G项。
②下文提到了生态旅游中的一些精彩项目,B选项中wonderful是关键词,与下文是顺承关系,所以B项“这可能是一次奇妙的冒险”能引起下文,符合语境。故选B项。
③上文such as keeping to pointed pathways(比如保持在有指向的路径上)和下文and visiting cultural areas instead of typical tourist attractions(参观文化区而不是典型的旅游景点)之间是并列关系,D选项中eating是关键词,与上文中的keeping和下文中的visiting并列,所以D选项“在提供当地种植的菜的地方吃饭”符合语境。故选D项。
④上文提到了绿色假期和环境保护,E选项中的environment是关键词,与上文呼应,所以E选项“对环境几乎没有影响”符合语境。故选E项。
⑤下文提到了对当地环境的改善,F选项中improve是关键词,与下文中的preserve相呼应,所以F选项“也有一些旅行可以让度假者积极改善当地环境”符合语境。故选F项。
四、书面表达
答案：
Dear teachers and students,
These days one major environmental problem in our city is air pollution. Every day we have to take in very dirty air, which does great harm to our health. To make the air in the city fresher, we should keep the following in mind.
Firstly, we should take a bus or ride a bicycle instead of driving a car and try to use cleaner fuels. Secondly, we should not throw litter here and there but put it into the dustbin. Thirdly, some factories should be closed or moved out of the city. Finally, we need plant more trees or grass to make the air fresh.
Let's take action and try our best to make the air in the city cleaner!
Thank you!
The Students' Union（11）Unit 6 Nurturing nature—高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册单元检测卷（A卷）
一、填空题（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.All these years they______ (contribute) articles to our magazines.
2.______ (locate) in southern Italy, Etna is the highest active volcano in Europe.
3.The temple______ (stand) on the opposite side of the street was built in the Tang Dynasty.
4._____(prevent) the damage to the environment, a series of measures have been taken recently.
5.You are supposed to make efforts _____(overcome) all the challenges.
6.The company's exports have been increasing _______ (steady).
7.As far as I _____(concern), my suggestion is that theory must be linked with practice.
8.We arrived at the airport, checked our baggage and _____(wander) around the gift shops.
9.________(face) with a choice between arts and science, the little girl didn’t know which to choose.
10.The audience was ______（impress）by the artist’s excellent performance.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Climate change and increases in drought and rainstorms pose serious challenges to our water management. An international group of scientists has brought together a large body of research on water quality in rivers worldwide. The study shows that river water quality tends to worsen during extreme weather events. As these events become more often and severe due to climate change, ecosystem health and human access to safe water may be increasingly under threat.
The research led by Dr Michelle van Vliet of Utrecht University analysed 965 cases of river water quality changes during extreme weather such as drought, heatwaves, rainstorms, and flooding. The analysis shows that in most cases water quality tends to become worse during droughts and heatwaves (68%), rainstorms and floods (51%), and under long-term changes in climate (56%). During droughts, less water is available to dilute contaminants(稀释污染物), while rainstorms and floods generally result in more contaminants that run off from land to rivers and streams. Improvements or mixed responses in water quality are also reported for some cases, for example when increased transport of pollutants is offset (抵消) by more dilution during flood events.
Water quality changes are strongly driven by changes in water temperature. Land use and other human factors such as wastewater treatment also shape how this plays out. "Understanding the complex interplay between climate, land use, and human drivers, which together influence the sources and transport of pollutants, is crucial," says van Vliet. The research also calls for more data collection and studies of water quality in non-Western countries. "We need better monitoring of water quality in Africa and Asia. Most water quality studies now focus on rivers and streams in North America and Europe."
The results of the study underline the urgent need for a better understanding of water quality changes during extreme weather events. It sounds an alarm to us. Only then will we be able to develop effective water management strategies that can safeguard our access to clean water and ensure ecosystem health under climate change and increasing weather extremes.
11.What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A. Human beings should be blamed for climate change.
B. Worsened water quality is threatening the climate.
C. Water quality in rivers worldwide is under risk.
D. Water management has been improved recently.
12.What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A. The threats caused by extreme weather. B. The factors influencing water safety.
C. The findings of van Vliet's research. D. The design of van Vliet's experiment.
13.According to Paragraph 3, which will van Vliet probably agree with
A. Water quality in non-Western countries is more terrible.
B. Human activities have a big influence on water quality.
C. Related data collection and studies of Europe are adequate.
D. Water quality changes are dominated by water temperature.
14.What is the author's attitude towards van Vliet's research
A. Unclear. B. Contradictory. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Helping the environment and conserving our resources are very important activities① _______ There are several ways that you can adopt to help protect this planet we call home.
Use reusable bags. Plastic bags that get thrown out end up in landfills or in other parts of the environment. ② _______ Also, it will take a long session for the bags to decompose. Therefore, whether you are shopping for food, clothes or books, use a reusable bag. This decreases litter and prevents animals from getting trapped.
Use reusable drink containers. Instead of buying individually packaged drinks, consider buying are usable water bottle. ③ _______ A lot of coffee shops, Starbucks, for example, even offer a discount to customers who use a reusable container for their drinks.
Save electricity. Use energy-efficient light bulbs (灯泡) instead of regular bulbs. They last longer, which will save you a bit of money. What's more, make sure you turn off lights, the TV, and other devices when you are not using them. Turn off your air conditioning or electric heater when it's not necessary. ④ _______ Open your windows in the early fall or put on more clothes in the early winter.
Save water. More water is wasted than we realize. Turn off the water tap when you are brushing your teeth. Don't turn your shower on until you're ready to get in and wash your hair. Limit your water usage as you wash dishes. ⑤ _______
A.This will greatly save a lot of energy.
B.This is especially true as the seasons change.
C.And without doubt students can make a difference.
D.Everyone should take measures to fight against the water pollution.
E. These can kill animals that get stuck in them or mistake them for food.
F.Not only can this help protect the environment, but help you save money.
G.Developing these habits will be good for both the environment and your wallet.
四、书面表达（满分20分）
为提高学生的锻炼意识和环保意识,你校学生会将于9月21日上午9:00在宝湖公园组织一次plogging活动(跑步捡垃圾活动)。请你根据提示给高三师生写一则通知,内容包括:
1.活动目的;
2.活动内容;
3.注意事项。
注意:
1.词数:80词左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Notice
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：have been contributing
解析：句意为:这些年来,他们一直为我们的杂志撰稿。根据时间状语All these years 可知,contribute的动作从过去一直持续到现在,并有可能继续下去,应用现在完成进行时,故填have been contributing。
2.答案：Located
解析：句意为:埃特纳火山位于意大利南部,是欧洲海拔最高的活火山。固定短语be located in 意为“位于”,此处位于句首,在句中作状语。故填Located。
3.答案：standing
解析：句意为:位于街道对面的那座寺庙建于唐朝。句子的谓语为 was built,设空处作定语修饰 temple,应用非谓语动词形式,temple 和 stand之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词。
4.答案：To prevent
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 为了防止对环境的破坏, 最近采取了一系列的措施。此处作目的状语, 故用动词不定式。
5.答案：to overcome
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意: 你应该努力克服所有的挑战。make efforts to do sth. 意为"努力做某事"。
6.答案：steadily
解析：考查词性转换。句意:该公司的出口量一直在稳步增长。此处修饰动词,因此用副词形式steadily。
7.答案：am concerned
解析：句意:就我而言,我的建议是理论必须联系实际。as far as I am concerned“就我而言”。
8.答案：wandered
解析：句意:我们到了机场,托运了行李,到礼品店里逛了逛。和前面两个动词并列,因此空格处也用一般过去时。
9.答案：Faced
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：面对文科和理科的抉择，小女孩不知道该选哪一个。be faced with为固定短语，意为“面对”，句子已有谓语动词didn't know，空处需填过去分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Faced.
10.答案：impressed
解析：考查被动语态，句意：观众对那位艺术家的出色表演印象深刻。audience 与impress之间是被动关系，用的是一般过去时的被动语态，此处使用过去分词表被动。故填impressed。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,水资源质量因气候变化、极端天气等因素受到严峻威胁,世界各地河流的水质处于危险之中。故选C项。
12.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。第二段是总分结构,根据该段第一句可知,本段主要介绍米歇尔 范 弗利特博士领导的研究,根据下句中的The analysis shows可知,下文具体介绍该研究的结果。故选C项。
13.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Land use and other human factors such as wastewater treatment also shape how this plays out.和Understanding the complex interplay between climate, land use, and human drivers, which together influence the sources and transport of pollutants, is crucial 可知,土地使用和废水处理等其他人为因素也影响水质变化,弗利特认为了解气候、土地利用和人类驱动因素之间的复杂相互作用至关重要,因此可得出她认为人类活动对水质有很大影响。故选B项。
14.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The results of the study underline the urgent need for a better understanding of water quality changes during extreme weather events. It sounds an alarm to us.可知,作者认为该研究给我们敲响了警钟,所以对该研究持支持态度。故选D项。
三、七选五
答案：CEFBG
解析：①过渡句。根据上文“Helping the environment and conserving our resources are very important activities."可知,此处讲的是环境保护很重要。根据空后“There are several ways that you can adopt to help protect this planet we call home."可知接下来要介绍几种保护环境的方法。结合选项可知选项C(毫无疑问,学生可以发挥作用。)承上启下,符合谱境。故选C。
②细节句。根据本段小标题“Use reusable bags.” 及空前"Plastic bags that get thrown out end up in landfills or in other parts of the environment."可知此处讲的是塑料袋最终会污染环境。根据下文“Also, it will take a long session for the bags to decompose... getting trapped.”可知此处仍然讲的是使用塑料袋的坏处。结合选项可知,选项E(这些塑料袋可以杀死被困在里面的动物,或者被误认为食物。)指出塑料袋的坏处,与下文为井列关系,都是讲塑料袋的坏处,符合本段主旨,而且E项中的These指的是上文的Plastic bags,故选E。
③过渡句。上文“Instead of buying individually packaged drinks, consider buying a reusable water bottle.”提到购买可重复使用的水瓶。下文“A lot of coffee shops, Starbucks, for example, even offer a discount to customers who use a reusable container for their drinks.”说明许多咖啡店鼓励顾客使用可重复使用的容器。结合选项可知选项F(这不仅有助于保护环境,还能帮你省钱。)继续指出使用可重复使用的水瓶的好处,承接上文的保护环境,同时引出下文介绍的如何帮你省钱,承上启下,符合语境。而且选项F中的this指代上文的 buying a reusable water bottle,故选F。
④过渡句。上文“Turn off your air conditioning or electric heater when it’s not necessary.”提到关掉空调或电暖气可以节约用电。下文“Open your windows in the early fall or put on more clothes in the early winter.”提到季节变化时节约用电的方式。结合选项可知选项B(随着季节的变化,这一点尤其正确。)指出要依据季节变化采取节约用电的措施,承接上文不需要用电的情况,同时引出下文介绍的如何随着季节的变化节约用电,承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
⑤总结句。空处为段尾句,应总结上文。根据上文“More water is wasted than we realize... Limit your water usage as you wash dishes.”可知,本段讲的都是关于怎样节约用水的。结合选项可知,选项G(养成这些习惯对环境和你的钱包都有好处。)指出养成这些习惯的好处,对上文的内容进行总结,符合语境。故选G。
四、书面表达
答案：
Notice
In order to improve students’ awareness of doing physical exercise and protecting the environment, the Student Union intends to launch a plogging activity.
It has been acknowledged that plogging is a new fitness trend with lots of advantages. Not only can you build up your body while jogging but also you can pick up rubbish along the road, which definitely contributes to the low-carbon lifestyle. It is at 9:00 am on September 21st that the activity will take place in Baohu Park, which will last for approximately two hours.
Anyone who shows interest in it is welcome. It is suggested that you wear comfortable sports shoes and arrive on time.
The Student Union
