人教新目标八年级上册(全）知识点总结+必考作文+核心语法点汇总（Unit1—Unit 10）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit1
be on vacation 在度假（强调状态） go on vacation 去度假（强调动作）
buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物 注意看人和物哪个在前
take photos=take a photo 拍照 注意可数名词要么用单数要么用复数 不能出现take photo×
quite a few 相当多 注意quiet是“安静的”意思
most of 大多数的 most+n.大多数的... most+adj./adv. 最...
go shopping 去购物
of course=certainly 当然
nothing much to do,but..do 没什么事可做，只能做....
seem to do=It seems that+从句 似乎做某事
bored 无聊的（形容人） boring无聊的（形容物）
Bye for now 到此为止吧（知道意思就行，情景对话会出现）
activity的复数是activities (辅音字母+y结尾的，变成复数，都要变y为i+er
enjoy v.享受 enjoyable adj.有乐趣的（填单词时一定要注意词性）
arrive at/in =get to=reach 到达
arrive in+大地点（某个城市、国家） arrive at+小地点（医院、学校）
get home （home/there/here前不加介词，所以要省略to)
decide to do 决定做某事 （名词是decision）注意填单词的时候看词性要求
try to do 尽力、设法做某事 try doing 尝试做某事
feel like doing 感觉像做某事
excited 修饰人 exciting 修饰物（形容词ing修饰物，ed修饰人）
wonder=want to know 想知道
enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事
different adj.不同的 difference n.不同 注意填单词的时候看词性要求
wait for+人/物 等待.... (必须要加for)
Over=more than 超过
too many+可数名词（太多....) too much+不可数名词（太多...)
much too+形容词（太...) 没有many too的用法
rain heavily =rain hard雨下得大
because of+短语或词组 because +句子
27. bring 带来 take 带走（考察比较少）
形容词+enough+名词（记忆方法：记一个固定搭配big enough to do )(注意位置关系）
Forget to do 忘记要去做某事 forget doing 忘记已经做过得事情（remember的用法是一样的）
Why not do=Why don’t you do 为什么不呢？（用问句表示建议）
so+adj.+n.that+从句=such+a/an+adj.+n.+that 如此...以至于= too.....to do太...以至于不能 This house is too small to live.=This house is so small that we can’t live.
tell sb. to do 告诉某人做某事（to do 不用刻意去记，把doing和do的记住，剩下都是to do)
go on doing 继续做某事
up and down 上上下下
in excitement 兴奋地（excitement是名词，excited/exciting是形容词）
come up 出版/升起
find out 找出/查明
one bowl of一碗
walk up to 步行到...
walk around 四处走走
keep a diary=keep diaries 写日记 （注意单复数）
study...for 为了... 而学习
go to the mountains 去山区
How do you like/feel about=What do you think of 你认为...怎么样(重点句型）
nothing Much to do....but do ....除做...外没什么事可做
something interesting 一些有趣的事情（不要写成interesting things 可能会被扣分）
本单元核心语法点：
一、复合不定代词：
首先请记住下面表格中单词的所有意思(我偷懒了....)
some...一般用在肯定句，any...一般用在否定句和疑问句。
特殊情况：1.some可以用在疑问句中（Would you like something to eat/drink 用于表示希望得到对方肯定回答时）2.any可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何”（Anything is possible. 任何事都是有可能的）
不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数
Eg:Anything is possible.
复合不定代词和形容词的位置关系，形容词后。（something interesting建议记住一个例子）+to do
动词的过去式
上个学期学了，不做过多赘述，记得背课后的动词过去式不规则变化表。
作文：这个单元会出“请描述你曾经的一次旅行”，既结合了旅行话题又可以考察过去式，建议大家背两个方向的作文，一个是去北京玩的，一个是去海边玩的（原因：好写.....好记住..... ）附上例文一篇
My vacation to Beijing
Last summer, I went to Beijing on vacation with my father. My vacation was wonderful.We took the plane there.It was sunny and hot.
First we decided to visit the Great Wall . It is really the longest wall in the world. There were a lot of people there.The next day, we visited the Palace Museum and Tian'anmen Square. They looked so wonderful. We took quite a few photos there. We also visited some other interesting places in Beijing such as Beijing hutong and Beihai Park. I learned something important about Chinese history.
What a great time we had! It was so interesting that I hope to go to Beijing again.
Unit2
on weekends 在周末（泛指周末） on the weekend (在这个周末）on weekdays
help with sth.=help （to） do 帮助做某事
sometimes 有时 some times 几次/倍 sometime 某个时间 some time 一段时间 （只要记住time作不可数名词的时候是“时间”，作可数名词的时候是“次数/倍数”，再去记忆上面的内容。)
hardly=hardly ever 几乎不 和hard没有任何关系，hard adj.困难的（hard homework)硬的（hard stone）；hard adv. 努力地（work hard/study hard） 必考！
use the Internet (I要大写，必须大写）
be free= have time 有空（free还有“免费”的意思）
be full=be busy 忙的/满的 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
How come 为什么呢/怎么会呢？ （情景交际会考）
have lessons=have a lesson 上课
How about=What about （如果加动词，要跟ing，因为about是介词）....怎么样？
have to =must do 不得不
maybe 也许 may be也许是（选择题会考区别，就看句子里是否缺动词，如果缺动词就用 may be) 必考！
stay up (late)熬夜
at least 至少
go to the movies 去看电影
be good for 对...有好处（be good at 擅长于 be good with 善于应付某人）必考！
ask sb. about sth. 询问某人关于某事 ask sb. to do 让某人做...
percent 百分之 不加s
as a result ....的结果
not....at all 一点也不（not往往藏在句子的doesn’t/don’t...里）
the answers to ....的答案
go line 去上网
although=though=even though=even if 虽然（不与but连用）
the best way to do 做某事的最好方式
through 中间通过（through the forest穿过森林） across 表面穿过（across the road）
mind doing 介意做某事
such as 例如（后面不加逗号） for example例如（后面加逗号）
spend (in) doing sth. 花费...做某事 必考
spend on sth. 在某事上花费时间 必考
spend with sb. 和某人一起度过 必考
It takes/took.... to do sth. 花费...做某事 必考
cost(主语是物) cost的过去式和过去分词都是cost 必考
pay...for (主语是人) pay的过去式和过去分词是paid 必考
die v.死亡 death n.死亡 （be)dead adj.死亡的 （二卷写单词时一定要注意词性）dying(die的ing形式）
however 然而+逗号 =but（不加逗号） 必考！
too 也 （肯定句，句末）
also 也 （肯定句，句中）
either 也 （否定句，句末）必考！
more than =over 超过 less than 少于
go to the dentist 去看牙医
teeth cleaning 牙齿清洁
be afraid of doing= be afraid to do 害怕做某事
almost=nearly 几乎
every day 每天 everyday 每天的
What percent of.... 百分之多少？
16-year-old 16岁的
hobby n.爱好 habit n.习惯
本单元核心语法点：
请记住下面几个疑问词的意思、用法和区别
How often 多久一次 回答：once a week/month/year一周一次；twice 两次 three times...four times....
How long 多长时间 回答：for+一段时间
How far 多远 回答：10 kilometers/10 minutes by bus(这里很容易出坑，不要一看到时间就选how long了）
How soon 多久以后 回答：in+一段时间 （要用一般将来时回答）
频率副词：always 总是 usually通常 often经常 sometimes有时 seldom几乎不 never 从不
作文1：你的生活和饮食习惯健康吗？请以“ My Lifestyle” 为题写一篇短文来介绍你的生活饮食习惯。
My Lifestyle
My name is Mary. I'm a 13-year-old girl. I think it is important for us to keep a healthy lifestyle.I have some good habits.Let me tell you.
First,I get up early every morning.Then, I have breakfast on time. At school, I study hard. I often communicate with my friends in English during our breaks because I can improve my English in this way. In addition, in order to have a healthy body, I'm not fussy about my food and I keep exercising every day. Last but not least, I seldom stay up too late to get enough sleep.
The more good habits I have, the better I'll be. I firmly believe that "Habit is a second nature." So keep it up and you can make a difference.
作文2：这个单元的作文还有一种考察方式就是，给一个表格，例如“学生活动调查表”，然后简述该表格内容。主要涉及到本单元核心语法点，提问频率。写本篇作文没有一个固定的作文模板，就跟大家讲一下大致的写作方法再附例文一篇，希望能帮助到大家。
首先作文一定要写成三段！ 首先作文一定要写成三段！ 首先作文一定要写成三段！（不论什么题材的作文。）
第一段：不要一上来就写表格内容，先说明写作目的，比如“下面是xxx班xxx活动的调查表，让我来介绍一下。
第二段：再写表格内容。这块可以背一下例句和模板，频率的表达大同小异，注意要有逻辑，第一.... 第二....。(本段不要有拼写或者词组表达错误，都很简单）
第三段：随便说两句，对该活动做一个总结。
Class 8, Grade 8: Activity Survey
Here are the results of the student activity survey
In Class 8, Grade 8.Let me tell you something about it.
Ninety percent of the students watch TV every day. Only ten percent of them watch TV once or twice a week. None of them watch TV three or four times a week. As for using the Internet, eighty percent of the students use the Internet every day. The other twenty percent of the students use it three or four times a week. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. The results about playing sports are also interesting. Thirty percent of the students play sports every day. Twenty percent of the students do it once or twice a week. Fifty percent of the students do it three or tour times a week.
It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching TV, but I think playing sports is the best way to relax. It is good for our health.
Unit3
both...and 两者都 all 三者或三者以上都 （必考！）
neither...nor 两者都不 none 三者或三者以上都不 （必考！）
反意疑问句，遵从前肯后否，前否后肯的原则。（hardly,seldom,few,little,never都是代表否定的意思，经常考!）
as+形容词/副词的原级+as 和...一样
have fun (in) doing sth. =have a good time=enjoy doing sth. 玩得高兴
be talented in 在某方面有天赋的（talented是形容词，talent是名词，注意词性要求）
care about 关心
make sb. do 使某人做某事 (不是to do!!必考！）
laugh at sb.嘲笑某人（laugh 是动词 laughter是名词 注意词性要求）
be like 像一样（侧重人的品格）look like 看起来像（侧重人的外貌）
That’s why 这便是为什么 That’s because 那是因为...(注意意思有区别）
It is/was +adj. for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是...样的 必考！
It is/was +adj. of sb. to do sth. 某人是....样的去做某事 必考！
as long as 和...一样长/只要
be different from 和...不一样（difference名词，different 形容词 写单词时请注意词性）
bring out 使显现出
less+adj./adv.+than=not as....as=not so.....as 不如... 不及...
get good grades 取得好成绩
if 如果/是否（有两个意思）
the same as 和...一样
reach for one’s hand 伸手帮助某人
touch one’s heart 打动某人的心
in fact 事实上
talk about 谈论
share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物
be here 随时提供帮助
other+名词的复数=others 其他的 必考！
one....the other 一个...（两者中的）另一个....必考！
call+人+at+电话 拨打某人的电话
information 信息（不可数）message 信息（可数）
be similar to 与...相像（相同和相似的意思不一样，请特别注意题目让写什么）
make friends 交朋友 （最少两个人才能交朋友，要加s)
核心语法点：形容词/副词的比较级
大家要弄清楚，不光形容词有比较级，副词也有，比如careful的比较级是more careful,carefully的比较级是more carefully。如果题目中本来就需要填副词（副词修饰动词/形容词），又需要变成比较级形式，那么就要变成副词的比较级。如果题目中本来就需要填形容词（形容词修饰名词），又需要变成比较级形式，那么就要变成形容词的比较级。
比较级是两个人/事物之间进行比较，而第四单元要学的最高级是三个或三个以上人/事物进行比较，这一点非常重要!!!!。比如题目里出现both，是用比较级还是最高级呢？（答案：比较级，因为both是两者都）
形容词/副词的比较级构成（我偷个懒）
以本单元为例，容易错的比较级变形：
good/well-better
bad/badly-worse
many/much-more
little-less
far-farther(距离更远）further(程度更深）
outgoing-more outgoing;
clearly-more clearly;
serious-more serious;
friendly-friendlier;
popular-more popular;
hard-working more hard -working;
shy-shyer
creative - more creative
beautiful-more beautiful
形容词比较级的用法
A比B更.... A +be动词+形容词比较级+than+B
A是两者中较...样的 A +be动词+the+形容词比较级+of the two
the+比较级... the+比较级 越....越..... (必考！）
比较级+and+比较级 越来越...(必考！）
much/a lot/形容词比较级 ...得多
a little/a bit+形容词比较级 ...一点
even +形容词比较级 甚至....
作文：本单元要求学生会写人物作文，例如《我喜欢的老师》《我的好朋友》，并且尽量能运用到一些比较级的用法，附上例文一篇。
My Friend
As we all know, Friends are important in our life. Everyone should have friends. And I don't think friends are necessary to be the same.Let me tell you something about my best friend.
My best friend is Lucy. She is a 13-year-old girl and she is from England.I like to make friends with her because she is very kind and always cares about me. She is a nice girl with big eyes and she always wears glasses.
That makes her look smart. She is funnier and often makes me laugh. I'm quieter than her. I like reading while she likes singing. I can get better grades than her but she is more talented in art.Though Mary and I are different in some ways , we are good friends and we always care about each other.
As a saying goes, A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
Unit4
comfortable 舒服的 uncomfortable 不舒服的
give sb’s seat to sb.给某人让座
close to=near 离...近
choose to do 选择做某事 choose的过去式chose,过去分词chosen（不用特地去记to do 的形式，把doing 和do的记下来，剩下都是to do)
in town 在城镇上
so far 到目前为止（看到这个时间状语，一般句子要用现在完成时，八年级下学期会学）
thank sb. for doing sth.因某事而感谢某人=thanks for doing (注意没有sb的时候thank上要有s哦）
act out 表演出来
How far 多远 回答：10 kilometers/10 minutes by bus=ten minutes’ bus ride(这里很容易出坑，不要一看到时间就选how long了）
perform v.表演 performer n.表演者 performance n.表演(注意看题目词性要求）
see sb. doing/do hear sb. doing/do watch sb. doing/do （注意是do不是to do) （必考！！）
have a talent for=be talented in 在某方面有天赋（用同一个词根的不同词性去表达一个意思）
around the world=all over the world 全世界 in the world 在世界上
have...in common 有相同特征
look for 强调找的过程 find 强调找的结果
and so on等等...
all kinds of 各种类型的 a kind of 一种 different kinds of不同种类的
be up to sb.是某人的职责
play a role in =play a part in 在...方面发挥作用
get a prize 获得奖品
make up 编造
take...seriously 认真对待
give sth. to sb.=give sb.sth.把某物给某人
come true 实现=achieve
crowded adj.拥挤的 uncrowded adj.不拥挤的 crowd n.人群 (注意看题目词性要求）
one of+adj.最高级+n.复数+v.单数（必考！必考！）
核心语法点：形容词/副词的最高级
1.大家要弄清楚，不光形容词有比较级，副词也有，比如careful的最高级是the most careful,carefully的最高级是the most carefully。如果题目中本来就需要填副词（副词修饰动词/形容词），又需要变成最高级形式，那么就要变成副词的最高级。如果题目中本来就需要填形容词（形容词修饰名词），又需要变成最高级形式，那么就要变成形容词的最高级。
2.比较级是两个人/事物之间进行比较，而本单元要学的最高级是三个或三个以上人/事物进行比较，这一点非常重要!!!!。比如题目里出现all，是用比较级还是最高级呢？（答案：最高级，因为all是三者或三者以上都）
3. 最高级前必须要加the，如果有形容词性物主代词在前，可省略，如my besy=t friend.(必考必考必考！）
3.形容词/副词的最高级构成（有没有觉得和比较级的很像啊，其实就是把比较级er变成了est呢）
以本单元为例，容易错的最高级变形：
good/well-best
bad/badly-worst
many/much-most
little-least
far-farthest(距离最远）furthest(程度最深）
outgoing-most outgoing;
Clearly-most clearly;
serious-most serious;
friendly-friendliest;
popular-most popular;
hard-working most hard -working;
shy-shyest
creative - most creative
beautiful-most beautiful
expensive-most expensive
comfortable-most comfortable
quietly-most quietly
crowded-most crowded
最高级的用法
One of+adj.最高级+n.复数+v.单数（必考！必考！）最....之一
The+序数词+最高级+名词 第几最....
比较级与最高级的转换（建议记住一个例句并理解）（必考！必考！）
He is the tallest boy in our class
=He is taller than any other boy in our class.
=He is taller than the other boys in our class.
形容词最高级
=比较级+than+any other+n.单数（注意是单数）
=比较级+than+the other+n.复数（注意是复数）
作文：本单元要求学生能运用最高级的用法来写文章，所以可能出题的范围很广泛，我最喜欢的老师/朋友/电影院，都有可能成为题目。大家只要注意用最高级时别忘了加the，以及变形不要变错就好。附上例文一篇。
What is the best movie theater
Last week we did a survey of good places in our city. This is what we learned.
Most of the high schools are good, but No. 10 High School is the best in our city. It has the best teachers and it's the most beautiful school in our city. Of all the hospitals, People's Hospital is the best. It has the most comfortable beds and the friendliest service. As for clothes stores, KT Clothes Store is the most popular. That's because its clothes are of the best quality and people can buy them at the best prices, and it's popular among people.
I hope people can live a happy life in our city.
Unit5
talk shows 访谈节目（show v.展示）
mind sb. doing 介意（某人）做某事
a piece of news 一条新闻（新闻不可数）
can’t stand sb. doing sth. (stand doing)不能忍受某人做某事
let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
learn...from 从...获得
educate v.教育 education n.教育 educational adj. 有教育意义的 educator n.教育家 （注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
plan to do 计划做某事
hope不可以用hope sb.to do 只能用hope that+从句（wish 可以用wish sb. To do）
have a discussion with sb. about sth. 和某人讨论关于某事（discuss v.讨论 注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性
follow sb.跟随某人 follow the rules 遵守规则
sth. happens/happened to sb. 某人发生了某事
expect sb. to do 期望某人做某事
one day =some day 表示将来的某一天
mean v.意味着 meaning n.意思 meaningful adj.有意义的 meaningless adj.无意义的 注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性
be famous/known for 因...出名 必考！
be famous/known as 作为...出名 必考！
come out 出版/发行
success n.成功 +in doing
succeed v. 成功 +in doing
successful adj.成功的 +in doing（注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
in the 1930s 在20世纪30年代
the/a reason for doing 做某事的理由
be ready to do=be ready for 准备好做某事
try one’s best to do 尽力做某事
dress up 装扮
take sb’s place 代替（take place 发生）（注意：意思不一样！！）
do a good job! 干得好（常用于口语表达中）
think of =think about 认为
a symbol of ....的象征
something enjoyable 令人愉快的东西(不要写 enjoyable thing)
come from=be from 来自（Where are you come from =Where do you come from )
核心语法点：动词不定式
首先大家要知道“动词不定式”就是to do
初中英语阶段，大部分动词后面都是跟to do,比如（want to do/ask to do/hope to do/decide to do....)，那么我们要记住的就是跟doing和do的情况，跟do的也很少 （let sb.do/make sb.do/watch sb. Do....)，所以每个单元出现的doing（比如 keep doing/practice doing...) 一定要背熟，剩下的就都是to do啦。
一些跟to do 的固定句型也要熟记噢
比如：It is +adj.+for sb. To do sth.
Find/think/feel+it+adj.+to do sth.
作文：本单元话题是要求学生能谈论对不同类型的电视节目或电影的看法。可能会出两种题材的作文，第一种《我喜欢的电视节目》，第二种，给一个调查表格，请描述表格里大家喜欢的电视节目和原因。附上两类作文。
作文1：
My favorite TV show
My family and I like different TV shows. Let me tell you something about it.
I like animals, so I love Animal World. There are always many cute animals and I expect to learn a lot about them. My father loves sports shows because he likes all kinds of sports and he hopes to watch more exciting sports shows. Do you know what TV shows my
mother likes best Soap operas! Oh, I can't stand them. But my mother likes them very much because she thinks they are interesting.
What TV shows do you like And what do you think of them
作文2
你对朋友最喜欢的电视节目作了一次调查，以下是调查结果。请你以此调查结果写一篇80词的短文，并阐述自己的观点。（开头已给出，不计入总词数）
Name Favorite TV shows Reasons
Judy Soap operas 有趣，浪漫（romantic）
Alex Sports shows 喜欢运动
Susan English shows 想学好英语，想提高听力
I … …
I asked some of my friends about their favorite TV shows. Here are their answers.
Judy likes soap operas best because she thinks they are very funny and romantic. Alex’s favorite TV shows are sports shows. He likes doing sports and he wants know more about sports. Susan likes to watch English shows. She likes English very much. She wants to learn it well and improve her listening. As for me, I like talent shows. I don’t mind English shows or sports shows but I can’t stand soap operas because they are too boring.
What TV shows do you like And what do you think of them
Unit6
when 在肯定句中翻译成“当...时候” (When I was 7 years old.当我七岁的时候)
grow up 成长
cook n.厨师 v.做饭（cooker的意思是厨具，容易出错！！）
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
by+人 由....创作
keep on doing sth.继续做某事
be sure about 确信... make sure +of/that从句 确保...
worry about=be worried about 对...担心
take medicine 吃药 (不要写成eat medicine)
a university 一所大学（注意不是an!!1)
send sb. sth=send sth. to sb. 把...给某人送去
make the soccer team 成为足球队的一员（不要翻译成组建足球队）
sound like 听起来...
be able to do=can 能够做...
promise to do 承诺做某事 make a promise 许下诺言
at the beginning of 在...开始 (注意要双写nn)
write down 写下（如果有it/them，要把it/them放在write it down中间)
have to do with 与...有关系 have nothing to do with 与...没有关系
take up doing sth.开始做某事（take up 还有“占据”的意思）
weekly adj.每周的（虽然是ly结尾的，但是是形容词，类似的还有friendly,lovely)
too...to... 太...以至于不能...(经常会跟so...that以及adj.+enough+to 互相转换 必考！！！）
discuss sth. with sb. 和某人讨论某事
on sb’s own 独自地
a/the relationship with sb.与某人的关系
move to... 搬到...
sound like 听起来像
the coming year 来年
different kinds of 各种各样的
Unit6和Unit7的语法点是关联的：一般将来时（时态）
表示将要发生的动作：will+do=be going to do (基本不考两者的区别）
熟记there be 句型的将来时：
There will be+主语+其他
=There is/are going to be+主语+其他
表示“将要有....”，别忘了there be不能和have 一起用噢！！
现在进行时也可以表将来，但只在特定的一些动词中，比如come/go/arrive/leave。（考察较少，有印象即可）
Eg:We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow(我们将要去北京）
作文：本单元和下一个单元的作文要求学生能够用一般将来时时态进行写作，所以话题都是跟“未来”有关的，比如“我未来的梦想”“我假期的计划”“未来的生活”。附上三篇例文。
作文1：
My dream job
My dream job is to be an English teacher.
When I was at primary school, my English was not good. Sometimes some students laughed at me when I spoke English. So I was afraid to speak English in front of others. But my English teacher Mrs. Wang helped me a lot and she taught me how to learn English. With her help I made great progress. So I'm going
to study at Beijing Foreign Studies University and become an English teacher when I finish my study.
I hope my dream will come true. And I'm going to help the persons who want to improve their English.
作文2：
My winter vacation
The winter vacation is coming. I’m going to do what I want to do.
First, I’m going to have a good rest and relax. I will read some good books. Reading books is useful because it can help me get more knowledge. It can open up my eyes to the world. Next, I’m going to spend more time talking with my parents. I will also try my best to help them do some housework. Then, I’m going to take part in social activities (社会活动)so that I can know more people.
What do you think of my vacation I hope you will have a happy winter vacation.
作文3
Life in 2050
Life in 2050 will be different from now. What will the life be like It may be like this.
The population is growing fast. There will be more and more people in the world and most of them will live longer than now. People will work fewer hours than they do now, and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and traveling. Many people will go to other countries for holidays.Work in the future will be different, too. Robots will help with dangerous and hard work. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do.
All the differences will make people's life very different. It will be better. But on the other hand, it may bring new problems.
Unit7
paper 纸 （不可数 a piece of paper) on paper 在纸上
live to be +基数词+years old 活到..岁
in+一段时间 在....之后 （用一般将来时，如果提问 用how soon)
pollution n. 污染物（不可数） pollute v.污染 （注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
in the future 在未来
I don’t think so.=I disagree. 我不认同
What will...be like ... ...将会怎么样？
be in danger 处于危险之中
on the earth 在地球上
play a part in=take a part in 参与....
space station 太空站（space还有“空间”的意思，不可数）
humans=human beings 人类（可数）
there be +sb./sth. +doing sth.有某人正在做某事
already 已经 yet 已经（already 放在肯定句中， yet放在否定和疑问句）
over and over again 多次
16.wake up 叫醒（如果有it/them，要把it/them放在wake it up中间)
17. disagree with sb.不同意某人
18. hundreds of 数以百计的
19. in the shape of 是...的形状
20. fall down 跌倒
21.as ...as possible 尽可能做... (impossible是不可能的意思）
22. probably=maybe=perhaps 可能
23. take a holiday=have a holiday 度假
24. get bored 感到厌烦
25. as a reporter 作为一名记者
26.at some point 在某个时刻
Unit6和Unit7的语法点是关联的：一般将来时（时态），没有学会的同学们去看上个单元的注解噢。
作文：上个单元已列举。
Unit8
turn on 打开 (必考！！）
turn off 关闭 (必考！！）
turn down （声音）调小（=refuse 拒绝）(必考！！）
turn up （声音）调大(必考！！）
cut up切碎 （如果有it/them，要把it/them放在cut it up中间） (必考！！）
peel sth. away/off 脱掉
pour...into 把....倒进....
put....into 把....放进...
cut...into 把...切成....
make sth. for sb.=make sb. sth.给某人制作某物
how much 多少（询问不可数名词）
how many 多少（询问可数名词）
add...to...把...添加到....
another+基数词+名词=基数词+more/other+名词（建议大家记住一个例子，而不是死记硬背，不然太难记了 anther ten minutes=10 other minutes)
at last=finally 最后
疑问词+动词不定式(to do就是动词不定式）
（Do you know how to play the piano We should think about what to do.)
dig v. 挖掘 (过去式dug,过去分词digging) dig a hole 挖洞
a piece of bread 一片面包 (注意：面包是不可数名词）two pieces of bread 两片面包
tradition n. 传统 traditional adj.传统的（注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
a time to do=a time for doing 做某事的时间
It’s time for sb. To do sth.到某人做某事的时间
at this time 在此时
give thanks for sth. 因为某事表示感谢
in autumn=in fall 在秋天（注意季节中间不用加冠词the）
see...as 把...看作....
family n.家庭/家人
mix...and 把...和...混合在一起
修饰可数名词：few(几乎没有 表示否定） a few有一点 (必考！！）
修饰不可数名词：little（几乎没有 表示否定） a little 有一点 (必考！！）
place v.把...放置... n.位置 (注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
cover...with 用....覆盖
serve sth. to sb.=serve sb. with sth. 用某物招待某人
at a high/low temperature 以高温/低温
take out...from 从...中拿出
these days 如今
one by one 一个接一个
本单元核心语法点一：祈使句
祈使句是表示命令、请求、建议的句子。比如每次上课前，英语老师会喊“Class begin!”,班长会说“Stand up!”,这些都是生活中的祈使句哦。
祈使句的类型（请熟记）：
Do 型：如Class begin! Stand up! 等，这就是动词原形开头的。
Be 型：如Be quiet! Be careful!等，这就是Be动词开头的。
Let型：如Let sb. Do sth.!等，这就是Let 开头的。
No 型：如No smoking/No photos等，这就是No开头的。
以上一般会在句尾或者句首加上please，表示礼貌。
祈使句的否定句（请熟记）：
Don’t+Do 型：如 Don’t class begin! 等。
Never+Do 型：如Never stand up!/Never be late等。
（特殊：Let型除了用上述两种否定，还可以使用let sb. not do sth.)
本单元核心语法点二：可数名词与不可数名词
首先大家要有一个学习思路，尽量记住不可数名词，因为其数量较少，把不可数名词记住后，剩下的就是可数名词啦。（液体类、肉类都是不可数的）
修饰可数名词的： many /few/ a few
修饰不可数名词的：much little/a little
不可数名词做主语，谓语动词要用单数。
例如：Knowledge is very important for us.
可数名词的复数特殊变化大家也要熟记
还有以o结尾的，有生命的加es,比如tomato/potato/（这里容易错）hero
无生命的加s,比如，photo/radio等...
还有一些特殊变化的，只能请大家硬性记忆了。
man-men foot-feet tooth-teeth child-children
还有一些是单复数同型的，也请大家硬性记忆了，
比如sheet-sheet deer-deer Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese等
本单元的写作话题是关于“食物制作”，要求能够描述食物的制作过程以及所需要的食材，注意写作的时候，要有步骤，第一、第二、第三....。在期中或者期末考试里可考性比较小，大家自行把握。
范文：
How to Make a Sandwich
Do you like sandwiches Do you know how to make a sandwich Here is one way to make sandwiches. Let's have a try.
To make a sandwich, we need bread,butter,onions, tomatoes, turkey and relish.First ，check all the ingredients and put two spoons of butter on a piece of bread. Next , cut up an onion and a tomato. Add them to the bread.Then, add three pieces of turkey and put one spoon of relish on the turkey. Finally , put another piece of bread on top.
The sandwich is OK. Don't you think it is great You can enjoy it now.
Unit9
具体的某一天用介词on（把这个规则熟记）
in the morning/in the afternoon/in the evening/
At noon/at night（再单独记住这几个）
剩下的，我们用规则去使用：
比如在某年、某月、某个季节，都没有具体到某一天，所以用介词in
In 2022/in October/in autumn
At noon/at night
但是如果具体到某天了，就用on
on Wednesday/on October 25, 2022
On Wednesday morning/evening等等
prepare for=get ready for 为...做准备
preparation n.准备 (注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
go to the doctor 去看医生
have the flu 患流感
available=free adj.有空的
not...until 直到.....才（注意not通常隐藏在doesn’t或don’t里）
hang out 闲逛
Catch you on Monday!周一见（口语化表达，了解即可）
I am afraid not 恐怕不能（口语化表达，了解即可）
invite sb. to+地点 邀请某人去某地
invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事
invitation n.邀请（注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
on weekdays 在工作日（注意：具体到某一天用on)
What’s today 今天是什么日子？
look after=take care of 照顾
turn down =refuse 拒绝（上个单元学过哦）
see sb. doing/do hear sb. doing/do watch sb. doing/do （注意是do不是to do) （必考！！）
take a trip 去旅行
at the end of 在...尽头
be glad to do 高兴做某事
help out 帮助分担
without doing sth.没有做某事（因为without是介词，反义词是with)
so that 以便，为的是（注意和so...that的意思不一样！！）
hear from=receive a letter 收到某人来信（必考！易错）
hear of=hear about 听说
Hope you can make it！希望你能....！
go to the movies 去看电影
another time 其他时间
go bike riding 骑自行车
study for a test 备考
the day after tomorrow 后天
by now=so far 到目前为止
go back to 回到...去
the opening of ...的开幕式
本单元核心语法点：情态动词can表示邀请（非常简单）
can除了有“能够”、“可能”的意思以外，还可以表示“邀请”
比如Can you go to the movies with me (如果把Can改成Could,则语气更委婉）（这里注意can、could+v.原型）
回答的时候：1是同意，如Sure,I’d love to.
2是不同意，如Sorry,I’d love to,but.....（不要直接说no
要学会婉拒）
本单元写作的话题是“邀请”，一般会以写信的方式考察大家，所以在写作文的时候，一定要注意写信的格式，比如人称，落款等....。
邀请的话题素材很多，考试时候出题范围也比较广泛，同学们最好是要掌握这篇作文的体例结构，即“1.概括说明邀请的事情+真诚邀请（一般是模板）2.邀请对方的原因（一般是细说某个事件或聚会）3.给出建议，期望对方能够接受这个邀请（一般是模板），那么本单元作文写成三段，再加上正确的格式和一些邀请信的模板，分数自然就不会低了。
范文：
假如你是李华，你们学校要举办一场关于京剧的讲座，邀请外国学生Peter参加，请用一封电子邮件告知其地点和时间以及其他具体内容。
Dear Peter,
How is it going There' ll be a lecture on Peking Opera in our school.The lecture will start at 10: 00 this Friday morning in the school hall. Can you come to the meaningful lecture
We look forward to knowing more about Chinese culture In the lecture, we can get some useful information about Peking Opera. There' ll be some advice for you to prepare for it. First, remember to be there on time. Second,don't forget to bring a camera. Third, think of some questions you want to know about.
Hope you can make it! If there is anything that I can do, please let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
Unit 10
have a great time doing=enjoy doing=have fun doing 做某事很愉快
have a class meeting 开班会
half the class 一半的同学
organize v.组织 organized adj.组织的 organization n. 组织 organizer n.组织者 注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
order ....from 从...订购某物
ask ab. to do 要求某人做某事
be upset about/at 对...感到沮丧
advice n.不可数（必考）
suggest v.建议 suggestion n.建议（可数） 必考！
advise v.建议 advice n.建议（不可数） 必考！advise sb. to do 建议某人做某事
travel around the world=travel all over the world 到...旅行
keep...to oneself 保守秘密
unless=if...not 除非，如果不
certainly=of course 当然
careful adj.小心的 careless adj.粗心的（less是否定后缀）
be careful to do 小心做某事
make a mistake in... 在...方面犯错误
by mistake 错误地
It is best（not) to do sth.最好做(不做）某事
run away from 逃避
trust sb.=believe in sb.信任某人
trust sb. to do 信任某人做某事
in half 分成两半
be halfway to doing完成了...一半
What else 还有其他的....？
make money 赚钱
get an education 接受教育
be angry with sb.生某人的气
in the end 在最后
solve a problem 解决问题
get into a fight with sb.=fight with sb.和某人打架
the first step is to do 第一步是做某事...
本单元核心语法点: if 引导的条件状语从句
if在初中阶段有两个意思，一个是“如果”，一个是“是否”，本学期我们只需要掌握“如果”的用法。
那么大家就记住一个口诀“if表示如果，主将从现/主将if现”
例如：My mom will take me to the park if she is free (if后面的是从句，用一般现在时，主句就用一般将来时）
本单元的话题作文“提建议”，建议话题的素材很多，考试时候出题范围也比较广泛。写作时建议大家记住一些表示提建议的固定句型，再加上熟悉的三段论结构，那么遇到各种各样话题的作文都可以游刃有余了。
表示建议的句型：If you....you will.....
I think you should.....
It is best (not)to do .....
You’d better (not) do.....
例文：Mike是一名中学生，沉迷于网络，影响了学习，请给他提一些建议。
Dear Mike,
Thanks for your letter. I am sorry to hear that you are in trouble now. Don't worry. Let me give you some advice.
Playing computer games is very interesting, but if you play too much, you'll waste lots of time, and you'll hardly have time to do your homework. So the first step is to give up playing computer games, and then you may be interested in other things, like music or sports. Exercising more will be helpful to your health. You should also study harder.
I think if you keep studying hard, you'll have a great time at school with your good friends.
Yours,
Jim
Unit1
be on vacation 在度假（强调状态） go on vacation 去度假（强调动作）
buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物 注意看人和物哪个在前
take photos=take a photo 拍照 注意可数名词要么用单数要么用复数 不能出现take photo×
quite a few 相当多 注意quiet是“安静的”意思
most of 大多数的 most+n.大多数的... most+adj./adv. 最...
go shopping 去购物
of course=certainly 当然
nothing much to do,but..do 没什么事可做，只能做....
seem to do=It seems that+从句 似乎做某事
bored 无聊的（形容人） boring无聊的（形容物）
Bye for now 到此为止吧（知道意思就行，情景对话会出现）
activity的复数是activities (辅音字母+y结尾的，变成复数，都要变y为i+er
enjoy v.享受 enjoyable adj.有乐趣的（填单词时一定要注意词性）
arrive at/in =get to=reach 到达
arrive in+大地点（某个城市、国家） arrive at+小地点（医院、学校）
get home （home/there/here前不加介词，所以要省略to)
decide to do 决定做某事 （名词是decision）注意填单词的时候看词性要求
try to do 尽力、设法做某事 try doing 尝试做某事
feel like doing 感觉像做某事
excited 修饰人 exciting 修饰物（形容词ing修饰物，ed修饰人）
wonder=want to know 想知道
enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事
different adj.不同的 difference n.不同 注意填单词的时候看词性要求
wait for+人/物 等待.... (必须要加for)
Over=more than 超过
too many+可数名词（太多....) too much+不可数名词（太多...)
much too+形容词（太...) 没有many too的用法
rain heavily =rain hard雨下得大
because of+短语或词组 because +句子
27. bring 带来 take 带走（考察比较少）
形容词+enough+名词（记忆方法：记一个固定搭配big enough to do )(注意位置关系）
Forget to do 忘记要去做某事 forget doing 忘记已经做过得事情（remember的用法是一样的）
Why not do=Why don’t you do 为什么不呢？（用问句表示建议）
so+adj.+n.that+从句=such+a/an+adj.+n.+that 如此...以至于= too.....to do太...以至于不能 This house is too small to live.=This house is so small that we can’t live.
tell sb. to do 告诉某人做某事（to do 不用刻意去记，把doing和do的记住，剩下都是to do)
go on doing 继续做某事
up and down 上上下下
in excitement 兴奋地（excitement是名词，excited/exciting是形容词）
come up 出版/升起
find out 找出/查明
one bowl of一碗
walk up to 步行到...
walk around 四处走走
keep a diary=keep diaries 写日记 （注意单复数）
study...for 为了... 而学习
go to the mountains 去山区
How do you like/feel about=What do you think of 你认为...怎么样(重点句型）
nothing Much to do....but do ....除做...外没什么事可做
something interesting 一些有趣的事情（不要写成interesting things 可能会被扣分）
本单元核心语法点：
一、复合不定代词：
首先请记住下面表格中单词的所有意思(我偷懒了....)
some...一般用在肯定句，any...一般用在否定句和疑问句。
特殊情况：1.some可以用在疑问句中（Would you like something to eat/drink 用于表示希望得到对方肯定回答时）2.any可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何”（Anything is possible. 任何事都是有可能的）
不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数
Eg:Anything is possible.
复合不定代词和形容词的位置关系，形容词后。（something interesting建议记住一个例子）+to do
动词的过去式
上个学期学了，不做过多赘述，记得背课后的动词过去式不规则变化表。
作文：这个单元会出“请描述你曾经的一次旅行”，既结合了旅行话题又可以考察过去式，建议大家背两个方向的作文，一个是去北京玩的，一个是去海边玩的（原因：好写.....好记住..... ）附上例文一篇
My vacation to Beijing
Last summer, I went to Beijing on vacation with my father. My vacation was wonderful.We took the plane there.It was sunny and hot.
First we decided to visit the Great Wall . It is really the longest wall in the world. There were a lot of people there.The next day, we visited the Palace Museum and Tian'anmen Square. They looked so wonderful. We took quite a few photos there. We also visited some other interesting places in Beijing such as Beijing hutong and Beihai Park. I learned something important about Chinese history.
What a great time we had! It was so interesting that I hope to go to Beijing again.
Unit2
on weekends 在周末（泛指周末） on the weekend (在这个周末）on weekdays
help with sth.=help （to） do 帮助做某事
sometimes 有时 some times 几次/倍 sometime 某个时间 some time 一段时间 （只要记住time作不可数名词的时候是“时间”，作可数名词的时候是“次数/倍数”，再去记忆上面的内容。)
hardly=hardly ever 几乎不 和hard没有任何关系，hard adj.困难的（hard homework)硬的（hard stone）；hard adv. 努力地（work hard/study hard） 必考！
use the Internet (I要大写，必须大写）
be free= have time 有空（free还有“免费”的意思）
be full=be busy 忙的/满的 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
How come 为什么呢/怎么会呢？ （情景交际会考）
have lessons=have a lesson 上课
How about=What about （如果加动词，要跟ing，因为about是介词）....怎么样？
have to =must do 不得不
maybe 也许 may be也许是（选择题会考区别，就看句子里是否缺动词，如果缺动词就用 may be) 必考！
stay up (late)熬夜
at least 至少
go to the movies 去看电影
be good for 对...有好处（be good at 擅长于 be good with 善于应付某人）必考！
ask sb. about sth. 询问某人关于某事 ask sb. to do 让某人做...
percent 百分之 不加s
as a result ....的结果
not....at all 一点也不（not往往藏在句子的doesn’t/don’t...里）
the answers to ....的答案
go line 去上网
although=though=even though=even if 虽然（不与but连用）
the best way to do 做某事的最好方式
through 中间通过（through the forest穿过森林） across 表面穿过（across the road）
mind doing 介意做某事
such as 例如（后面不加逗号） for example例如（后面加逗号）
spend (in) doing sth. 花费...做某事 必考
spend on sth. 在某事上花费时间 必考
spend with sb. 和某人一起度过 必考
It takes/took.... to do sth. 花费...做某事 必考
cost(主语是物) cost的过去式和过去分词都是cost 必考
pay...for (主语是人) pay的过去式和过去分词是paid 必考
die v.死亡 death n.死亡 （be)dead adj.死亡的 （二卷写单词时一定要注意词性）dying(die的ing形式）
however 然而+逗号 =but（不加逗号） 必考！
too 也 （肯定句，句末）
also 也 （肯定句，句中）
either 也 （否定句，句末）必考！
more than =over 超过 less than 少于
go to the dentist 去看牙医
teeth cleaning 牙齿清洁
be afraid of doing= be afraid to do 害怕做某事
almost=nearly 几乎
every day 每天 everyday 每天的
What percent of.... 百分之多少？
16-year-old 16岁的
hobby n.爱好 habit n.习惯
本单元核心语法点：
请记住下面几个疑问词的意思、用法和区别
How often 多久一次 回答：once a week/month/year一周一次；twice 两次 three times...four times....
How long 多长时间 回答：for+一段时间
How far 多远 回答：10 kilometers/10 minutes by bus(这里很容易出坑，不要一看到时间就选how long了）
How soon 多久以后 回答：in+一段时间 （要用一般将来时回答）
频率副词：always 总是 usually通常 often经常 sometimes有时 seldom几乎不 never 从不
作文1：你的生活和饮食习惯健康吗？请以“ My Lifestyle” 为题写一篇短文来介绍你的生活饮食习惯。
My Lifestyle
My name is Mary. I'm a 13-year-old girl. I think it is important for us to keep a healthy lifestyle.I have some good habits.Let me tell you.
First,I get up early every morning.Then, I have breakfast on time. At school, I study hard. I often communicate with my friends in English during our breaks because I can improve my English in this way. In addition, in order to have a healthy body, I'm not fussy about my food and I keep exercising every day. Last but not least, I seldom stay up too late to get enough sleep.
The more good habits I have, the better I'll be. I firmly believe that "Habit is a second nature." So keep it up and you can make a difference.
作文2：这个单元的作文还有一种考察方式就是，给一个表格，例如“学生活动调查表”，然后简述该表格内容。主要涉及到本单元核心语法点，提问频率。写本篇作文没有一个固定的作文模板，就跟大家讲一下大致的写作方法再附例文一篇，希望能帮助到大家。
首先作文一定要写成三段！ 首先作文一定要写成三段！ 首先作文一定要写成三段！（不论什么题材的作文。）
第一段：不要一上来就写表格内容，先说明写作目的，比如“下面是xxx班xxx活动的调查表，让我来介绍一下。
第二段：再写表格内容。这块可以背一下例句和模板，频率的表达大同小异，注意要有逻辑，第一.... 第二....。(本段不要有拼写或者词组表达错误，都很简单）
第三段：随便说两句，对该活动做一个总结。
Class 8, Grade 8: Activity Survey
Here are the results of the student activity survey
In Class 8, Grade 8.Let me tell you something about it.
Ninety percent of the students watch TV every day. Only ten percent of them watch TV once or twice a week. None of them watch TV three or four times a week. As for using the Internet, eighty percent of the students use the Internet every day. The other twenty percent of the students use it three or four times a week. Most students use it for fun and not for homework. The results about playing sports are also interesting. Thirty percent of the students play sports every day. Twenty percent of the students do it once or twice a week. Fifty percent of the students do it three or tour times a week.
It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching TV, but I think playing sports is the best way to relax. It is good for our health.
Unit3
both...and 两者都 all 三者或三者以上都 （必考！）
neither...nor 两者都不 none 三者或三者以上都不 （必考！）
反意疑问句，遵从前肯后否，前否后肯的原则。（hardly,seldom,few,little,never都是代表否定的意思，经常考!）
as+形容词/副词的原级+as 和...一样
have fun (in) doing sth. =have a good time=enjoy doing sth. 玩得高兴
be talented in 在某方面有天赋的（talented是形容词，talent是名词，注意词性要求）
care about 关心
make sb. do 使某人做某事 (不是to do!!必考！）
laugh at sb.嘲笑某人（laugh 是动词 laughter是名词 注意词性要求）
be like 像一样（侧重人的品格）look like 看起来像（侧重人的外貌）
That’s why 这便是为什么 That’s because 那是因为...(注意意思有区别）
It is/was +adj. for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是...样的 必考！
It is/was +adj. of sb. to do sth. 某人是....样的去做某事 必考！
as long as 和...一样长/只要
be different from 和...不一样（difference名词，different 形容词 写单词时请注意词性）
bring out 使显现出
less+adj./adv.+than=not as....as=not so.....as 不如... 不及...
get good grades 取得好成绩
if 如果/是否（有两个意思）
the same as 和...一样
reach for one’s hand 伸手帮助某人
touch one’s heart 打动某人的心
in fact 事实上
talk about 谈论
share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物
be here 随时提供帮助
other+名词的复数=others 其他的 必考！
one....the other 一个...（两者中的）另一个....必考！
call+人+at+电话 拨打某人的电话
information 信息（不可数）message 信息（可数）
be similar to 与...相像（相同和相似的意思不一样，请特别注意题目让写什么）
make friends 交朋友 （最少两个人才能交朋友，要加s)
核心语法点：形容词/副词的比较级
大家要弄清楚，不光形容词有比较级，副词也有，比如careful的比较级是more careful,carefully的比较级是more carefully。如果题目中本来就需要填副词（副词修饰动词/形容词），又需要变成比较级形式，那么就要变成副词的比较级。如果题目中本来就需要填形容词（形容词修饰名词），又需要变成比较级形式，那么就要变成形容词的比较级。
比较级是两个人/事物之间进行比较，而第四单元要学的最高级是三个或三个以上人/事物进行比较，这一点非常重要!!!!。比如题目里出现both，是用比较级还是最高级呢？（答案：比较级，因为both是两者都）
形容词/副词的比较级构成（我偷个懒）
以本单元为例，容易错的比较级变形：
good/well-better
bad/badly-worse
many/much-more
little-less
far-farther(距离更远）further(程度更深）
outgoing-more outgoing;
clearly-more clearly;
serious-more serious;
friendly-friendlier;
popular-more popular;
hard-working more hard -working;
shy-shyer
creative - more creative
beautiful-more beautiful
形容词比较级的用法
A比B更.... A +be动词+形容词比较级+than+B
A是两者中较...样的 A +be动词+the+形容词比较级+of the two
the+比较级... the+比较级 越....越..... (必考！）
比较级+and+比较级 越来越...(必考！）
much/a lot/形容词比较级 ...得多
a little/a bit+形容词比较级 ...一点
even +形容词比较级 甚至....
作文：本单元要求学生会写人物作文，例如《我喜欢的老师》《我的好朋友》，并且尽量能运用到一些比较级的用法，附上例文一篇。
My Friend
As we all know, Friends are important in our life. Everyone should have friends. And I don't think friends are necessary to be the same.Let me tell you something about my best friend.
My best friend is Lucy. She is a 13-year-old girl and she is from England.I like to make friends with her because she is very kind and always cares about me. She is a nice girl with big eyes and she always wears glasses.
That makes her look smart. She is funnier and often makes me laugh. I'm quieter than her. I like reading while she likes singing. I can get better grades than her but she is more talented in art.Though Mary and I are different in some ways , we are good friends and we always care about each other.
As a saying goes, A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
Unit4
comfortable 舒服的 uncomfortable 不舒服的
give sb’s seat to sb.给某人让座
close to=near 离...近
choose to do 选择做某事 choose的过去式chose,过去分词chosen（不用特地去记to do 的形式，把doing 和do的记下来，剩下都是to do)
in town 在城镇上
so far 到目前为止（看到这个时间状语，一般句子要用现在完成时，八年级下学期会学）
thank sb. for doing sth.因某事而感谢某人=thanks for doing (注意没有sb的时候thank上要有s哦）
act out 表演出来
How far 多远 回答：10 kilometers/10 minutes by bus=ten minutes’ bus ride(这里很容易出坑，不要一看到时间就选how long了）
perform v.表演 performer n.表演者 performance n.表演(注意看题目词性要求）
see sb. doing/do hear sb. doing/do watch sb. doing/do （注意是do不是to do) （必考！！）
have a talent for=be talented in 在某方面有天赋（用同一个词根的不同词性去表达一个意思）
around the world=all over the world 全世界 in the world 在世界上
have...in common 有相同特征
look for 强调找的过程 find 强调找的结果
and so on等等...
all kinds of 各种类型的 a kind of 一种 different kinds of不同种类的
be up to sb.是某人的职责
play a role in =play a part in 在...方面发挥作用
get a prize 获得奖品
make up 编造
take...seriously 认真对待
give sth. to sb.=give sb.sth.把某物给某人
come true 实现=achieve
crowded adj.拥挤的 uncrowded adj.不拥挤的 crowd n.人群 (注意看题目词性要求）
one of+adj.最高级+n.复数+v.单数（必考！必考！）
核心语法点：形容词/副词的最高级
1.大家要弄清楚，不光形容词有比较级，副词也有，比如careful的最高级是the most careful,carefully的最高级是the most carefully。如果题目中本来就需要填副词（副词修饰动词/形容词），又需要变成最高级形式，那么就要变成副词的最高级。如果题目中本来就需要填形容词（形容词修饰名词），又需要变成最高级形式，那么就要变成形容词的最高级。
2.比较级是两个人/事物之间进行比较，而本单元要学的最高级是三个或三个以上人/事物进行比较，这一点非常重要!!!!。比如题目里出现all，是用比较级还是最高级呢？（答案：最高级，因为all是三者或三者以上都）
3. 最高级前必须要加the，如果有形容词性物主代词在前，可省略，如my besy=t friend.(必考必考必考！）
3.形容词/副词的最高级构成（有没有觉得和比较级的很像啊，其实就是把比较级er变成了est呢）
以本单元为例，容易错的最高级变形：
good/well-best
bad/badly-worst
many/much-most
little-least
far-farthest(距离最远）furthest(程度最深）
outgoing-most outgoing;
Clearly-most clearly;
serious-most serious;
friendly-friendliest;
popular-most popular;
hard-working most hard -working;
shy-shyest
creative - most creative
beautiful-most beautiful
expensive-most expensive
comfortable-most comfortable
quietly-most quietly
crowded-most crowded
最高级的用法
One of+adj.最高级+n.复数+v.单数（必考！必考！）最....之一
The+序数词+最高级+名词 第几最....
比较级与最高级的转换（建议记住一个例句并理解）（必考！必考！）
He is the tallest boy in our class
=He is taller than any other boy in our class.
=He is taller than the other boys in our class.
形容词最高级
=比较级+than+any other+n.单数（注意是单数）
=比较级+than+the other+n.复数（注意是复数）
作文：本单元要求学生能运用最高级的用法来写文章，所以可能出题的范围很广泛，我最喜欢的老师/朋友/电影院，都有可能成为题目。大家只要注意用最高级时别忘了加the，以及变形不要变错就好。附上例文一篇。
What is the best movie theater
Last week we did a survey of good places in our city. This is what we learned.
Most of the high schools are good, but No. 10 High School is the best in our city. It has the best teachers and it's the most beautiful school in our city. Of all the hospitals, People's Hospital is the best. It has the most comfortable beds and the friendliest service. As for clothes stores, KT Clothes Store is the most popular. That's because its clothes are of the best quality and people can buy them at the best prices, and it's popular among people.
I hope people can live a happy life in our city.
Unit5
talk shows 访谈节目（show v.展示）
mind sb. doing 介意（某人）做某事
a piece of news 一条新闻（新闻不可数）
can’t stand sb. doing sth. (stand doing)不能忍受某人做某事
let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
learn...from 从...获得
educate v.教育 education n.教育 educational adj. 有教育意义的 educator n.教育家 （注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
plan to do 计划做某事
hope不可以用hope sb.to do 只能用hope that+从句（wish 可以用wish sb. To do）
have a discussion with sb. about sth. 和某人讨论关于某事（discuss v.讨论 注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性
follow sb.跟随某人 follow the rules 遵守规则
sth. happens/happened to sb. 某人发生了某事
expect sb. to do 期望某人做某事
one day =some day 表示将来的某一天
mean v.意味着 meaning n.意思 meaningful adj.有意义的 meaningless adj.无意义的 注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性
be famous/known for 因...出名 必考！
be famous/known as 作为...出名 必考！
come out 出版/发行
success n.成功 +in doing
succeed v. 成功 +in doing
successful adj.成功的 +in doing（注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
in the 1930s 在20世纪30年代
the/a reason for doing 做某事的理由
be ready to do=be ready for 准备好做某事
try one’s best to do 尽力做某事
dress up 装扮
take sb’s place 代替（take place 发生）（注意：意思不一样！！）
do a good job! 干得好（常用于口语表达中）
think of =think about 认为
a symbol of ....的象征
something enjoyable 令人愉快的东西(不要写 enjoyable thing)
come from=be from 来自（Where are you come from =Where do you come from )
核心语法点：动词不定式
首先大家要知道“动词不定式”就是to do
初中英语阶段，大部分动词后面都是跟to do,比如（want to do/ask to do/hope to do/decide to do....)，那么我们要记住的就是跟doing和do的情况，跟do的也很少 （let sb.do/make sb.do/watch sb. Do....)，所以每个单元出现的doing（比如 keep doing/practice doing...) 一定要背熟，剩下的就都是to do啦。
一些跟to do 的固定句型也要熟记噢
比如：It is +adj.+for sb. To do sth.
Find/think/feel+it+adj.+to do sth.
作文：本单元话题是要求学生能谈论对不同类型的电视节目或电影的看法。可能会出两种题材的作文，第一种《我喜欢的电视节目》，第二种，给一个调查表格，请描述表格里大家喜欢的电视节目和原因。附上两类作文。
作文1：
My favorite TV show
My family and I like different TV shows. Let me tell you something about it.
I like animals, so I love Animal World. There are always many cute animals and I expect to learn a lot about them. My father loves sports shows because he likes all kinds of sports and he hopes to watch more exciting sports shows. Do you know what TV shows my
mother likes best Soap operas! Oh, I can't stand them. But my mother likes them very much because she thinks they are interesting.
What TV shows do you like And what do you think of them
作文2
你对朋友最喜欢的电视节目作了一次调查，以下是调查结果。请你以此调查结果写一篇80词的短文，并阐述自己的观点。（开头已给出，不计入总词数）
Name Favorite TV shows Reasons
Judy Soap operas 有趣，浪漫（romantic）
Alex Sports shows 喜欢运动
Susan English shows 想学好英语，想提高听力
I … …
I asked some of my friends about their favorite TV shows. Here are their answers.
Judy likes soap operas best because she thinks they are very funny and romantic. Alex’s favorite TV shows are sports shows. He likes doing sports and he wants know more about sports. Susan likes to watch English shows. She likes English very much. She wants to learn it well and improve her listening. As for me, I like talent shows. I don’t mind English shows or sports shows but I can’t stand soap operas because they are too boring.
What TV shows do you like And what do you think of them
Unit6
when 在肯定句中翻译成“当...时候” (When I was 7 years old.当我七岁的时候)
grow up 成长
cook n.厨师 v.做饭（cooker的意思是厨具，容易出错！！）
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
by+人 由....创作
keep on doing sth.继续做某事
be sure about 确信... make sure +of/that从句 确保...
worry about=be worried about 对...担心
take medicine 吃药 (不要写成eat medicine)
a university 一所大学（注意不是an!!1)
send sb. sth=send sth. to sb. 把...给某人送去
make the soccer team 成为足球队的一员（不要翻译成组建足球队）
sound like 听起来...
be able to do=can 能够做...
promise to do 承诺做某事 make a promise 许下诺言
at the beginning of 在...开始 (注意要双写nn)
write down 写下（如果有it/them，要把it/them放在write it down中间)
have to do with 与...有关系 have nothing to do with 与...没有关系
take up doing sth.开始做某事（take up 还有“占据”的意思）
weekly adj.每周的（虽然是ly结尾的，但是是形容词，类似的还有friendly,lovely)
too...to... 太...以至于不能...(经常会跟so...that以及adj.+enough+to 互相转换 必考！！！）
discuss sth. with sb. 和某人讨论某事
on sb’s own 独自地
a/the relationship with sb.与某人的关系
move to... 搬到...
sound like 听起来像
the coming year 来年
different kinds of 各种各样的
Unit6和Unit7的语法点是关联的：一般将来时（时态）
表示将要发生的动作：will+do=be going to do (基本不考两者的区别）
熟记there be 句型的将来时：
There will be+主语+其他
=There is/are going to be+主语+其他
表示“将要有....”，别忘了there be不能和have 一起用噢！！
现在进行时也可以表将来，但只在特定的一些动词中，比如come/go/arrive/leave。（考察较少，有印象即可）
Eg:We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow(我们将要去北京）
作文：本单元和下一个单元的作文要求学生能够用一般将来时时态进行写作，所以话题都是跟“未来”有关的，比如“我未来的梦想”“我假期的计划”“未来的生活”。附上三篇例文。
作文1：
My dream job
My dream job is to be an English teacher.
When I was at primary school, my English was not good. Sometimes some students laughed at me when I spoke English. So I was afraid to speak English in front of others. But my English teacher Mrs. Wang helped me a lot and she taught me how to learn English. With her help I made great progress. So I'm going
to study at Beijing Foreign Studies University and become an English teacher when I finish my study.
I hope my dream will come true. And I'm going to help the persons who want to improve their English.
作文2：
My winter vacation
The winter vacation is coming. I’m going to do what I want to do.
First, I’m going to have a good rest and relax. I will read some good books. Reading books is useful because it can help me get more knowledge. It can open up my eyes to the world. Next, I’m going to spend more time talking with my parents. I will also try my best to help them do some housework. Then, I’m going to take part in social activities (社会活动)so that I can know more people.
What do you think of my vacation I hope you will have a happy winter vacation.
作文3
Life in 2050
Life in 2050 will be different from now. What will the life be like It may be like this.
The population is growing fast. There will be more and more people in the world and most of them will live longer than now. People will work fewer hours than they do now, and they will have more free time for sports, watching TV and traveling. Many people will go to other countries for holidays.Work in the future will be different, too. Robots will help with dangerous and hard work. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do.
All the differences will make people's life very different. It will be better. But on the other hand, it may bring new problems.
Unit7
paper 纸 （不可数 a piece of paper) on paper 在纸上
live to be +基数词+years old 活到..岁
in+一段时间 在....之后 （用一般将来时，如果提问 用how soon)
pollution n. 污染物（不可数） pollute v.污染 （注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
in the future 在未来
I don’t think so.=I disagree. 我不认同
What will...be like ... ...将会怎么样？
be in danger 处于危险之中
on the earth 在地球上
play a part in=take a part in 参与....
space station 太空站（space还有“空间”的意思，不可数）
humans=human beings 人类（可数）
there be +sb./sth. +doing sth.有某人正在做某事
already 已经 yet 已经（already 放在肯定句中， yet放在否定和疑问句）
over and over again 多次
16.wake up 叫醒（如果有it/them，要把it/them放在wake it up中间)
17. disagree with sb.不同意某人
18. hundreds of 数以百计的
19. in the shape of 是...的形状
20. fall down 跌倒
21.as ...as possible 尽可能做... (impossible是不可能的意思）
22. probably=maybe=perhaps 可能
23. take a holiday=have a holiday 度假
24. get bored 感到厌烦
25. as a reporter 作为一名记者
26.at some point 在某个时刻
Unit6和Unit7的语法点是关联的：一般将来时（时态），没有学会的同学们去看上个单元的注解噢。
作文：上个单元已列举。
Unit8
turn on 打开 (必考！！）
turn off 关闭 (必考！！）
turn down （声音）调小（=refuse 拒绝）(必考！！）
turn up （声音）调大(必考！！）
cut up切碎 （如果有it/them，要把it/them放在cut it up中间） (必考！！）
peel sth. away/off 脱掉
pour...into 把....倒进....
put....into 把....放进...
cut...into 把...切成....
make sth. for sb.=make sb. sth.给某人制作某物
how much 多少（询问不可数名词）
how many 多少（询问可数名词）
add...to...把...添加到....
another+基数词+名词=基数词+more/other+名词（建议大家记住一个例子，而不是死记硬背，不然太难记了 anther ten minutes=10 other minutes)
at last=finally 最后
疑问词+动词不定式(to do就是动词不定式）
（Do you know how to play the piano We should think about what to do.)
dig v. 挖掘 (过去式dug,过去分词digging) dig a hole 挖洞
a piece of bread 一片面包 (注意：面包是不可数名词）two pieces of bread 两片面包
tradition n. 传统 traditional adj.传统的（注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
a time to do=a time for doing 做某事的时间
It’s time for sb. To do sth.到某人做某事的时间
at this time 在此时
give thanks for sth. 因为某事表示感谢
in autumn=in fall 在秋天（注意季节中间不用加冠词the）
see...as 把...看作....
family n.家庭/家人
mix...and 把...和...混合在一起
修饰可数名词：few(几乎没有 表示否定） a few有一点 (必考！！）
修饰不可数名词：little（几乎没有 表示否定） a little 有一点 (必考！！）
place v.把...放置... n.位置 (注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
cover...with 用....覆盖
serve sth. to sb.=serve sb. with sth. 用某物招待某人
at a high/low temperature 以高温/低温
take out...from 从...中拿出
these days 如今
one by one 一个接一个
本单元核心语法点一：祈使句
祈使句是表示命令、请求、建议的句子。比如每次上课前，英语老师会喊“Class begin!”,班长会说“Stand up!”,这些都是生活中的祈使句哦。
祈使句的类型（请熟记）：
Do 型：如Class begin! Stand up! 等，这就是动词原形开头的。
Be 型：如Be quiet! Be careful!等，这就是Be动词开头的。
Let型：如Let sb. Do sth.!等，这就是Let 开头的。
No 型：如No smoking/No photos等，这就是No开头的。
以上一般会在句尾或者句首加上please，表示礼貌。
祈使句的否定句（请熟记）：
Don’t+Do 型：如 Don’t class begin! 等。
Never+Do 型：如Never stand up!/Never be late等。
（特殊：Let型除了用上述两种否定，还可以使用let sb. not do sth.)
本单元核心语法点二：可数名词与不可数名词
首先大家要有一个学习思路，尽量记住不可数名词，因为其数量较少，把不可数名词记住后，剩下的就是可数名词啦。（液体类、肉类都是不可数的）
修饰可数名词的： many /few/ a few
修饰不可数名词的：much little/a little
不可数名词做主语，谓语动词要用单数。
例如：Knowledge is very important for us.
可数名词的复数特殊变化大家也要熟记
还有以o结尾的，有生命的加es,比如tomato/potato/（这里容易错）hero
无生命的加s,比如，photo/radio等...
还有一些特殊变化的，只能请大家硬性记忆了。
man-men foot-feet tooth-teeth child-children
还有一些是单复数同型的，也请大家硬性记忆了，
比如sheet-sheet deer-deer Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese等
本单元的写作话题是关于“食物制作”，要求能够描述食物的制作过程以及所需要的食材，注意写作的时候，要有步骤，第一、第二、第三....。在期中或者期末考试里可考性比较小，大家自行把握。
范文：
How to Make a Sandwich
Do you like sandwiches Do you know how to make a sandwich Here is one way to make sandwiches. Let's have a try.
To make a sandwich, we need bread,butter,onions, tomatoes, turkey and relish.First ，check all the ingredients and put two spoons of butter on a piece of bread. Next , cut up an onion and a tomato. Add them to the bread.Then, add three pieces of turkey and put one spoon of relish on the turkey. Finally , put another piece of bread on top.
The sandwich is OK. Don't you think it is great You can enjoy it now.
Unit9
具体的某一天用介词on（把这个规则熟记）
in the morning/in the afternoon/in the evening/
At noon/at night（再单独记住这几个）
剩下的，我们用规则去使用：
比如在某年、某月、某个季节，都没有具体到某一天，所以用介词in
In 2022/in October/in autumn
At noon/at night
但是如果具体到某天了，就用on
on Wednesday/on October 25, 2022
On Wednesday morning/evening等等
prepare for=get ready for 为...做准备
preparation n.准备 (注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
go to the doctor 去看医生
have the flu 患流感
available=free adj.有空的
not...until 直到.....才（注意not通常隐藏在doesn’t或don’t里）
hang out 闲逛
Catch you on Monday!周一见（口语化表达，了解即可）
I am afraid not 恐怕不能（口语化表达，了解即可）
invite sb. to+地点 邀请某人去某地
invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事
invitation n.邀请（注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
on weekdays 在工作日（注意：具体到某一天用on)
What’s today 今天是什么日子？
look after=take care of 照顾
turn down =refuse 拒绝（上个单元学过哦）
see sb. doing/do hear sb. doing/do watch sb. doing/do （注意是do不是to do) （必考！！）
take a trip 去旅行
at the end of 在...尽头
be glad to do 高兴做某事
help out 帮助分担
without doing sth.没有做某事（因为without是介词，反义词是with)
so that 以便，为的是（注意和so...that的意思不一样！！）
hear from=receive a letter 收到某人来信（必考！易错）
hear of=hear about 听说
Hope you can make it！希望你能....！
go to the movies 去看电影
another time 其他时间
go bike riding 骑自行车
study for a test 备考
the day after tomorrow 后天
by now=so far 到目前为止
go back to 回到...去
the opening of ...的开幕式
本单元核心语法点：情态动词can表示邀请（非常简单）
can除了有“能够”、“可能”的意思以外，还可以表示“邀请”
比如Can you go to the movies with me (如果把Can改成Could,则语气更委婉）（这里注意can、could+v.原型）
回答的时候：1是同意，如Sure,I’d love to.
2是不同意，如Sorry,I’d love to,but.....（不要直接说no
要学会婉拒）
本单元写作的话题是“邀请”，一般会以写信的方式考察大家，所以在写作文的时候，一定要注意写信的格式，比如人称，落款等....。
邀请的话题素材很多，考试时候出题范围也比较广泛，同学们最好是要掌握这篇作文的体例结构，即“1.概括说明邀请的事情+真诚邀请（一般是模板）2.邀请对方的原因（一般是细说某个事件或聚会）3.给出建议，期望对方能够接受这个邀请（一般是模板），那么本单元作文写成三段，再加上正确的格式和一些邀请信的模板，分数自然就不会低了。
范文：
假如你是李华，你们学校要举办一场关于京剧的讲座，邀请外国学生Peter参加，请用一封电子邮件告知其地点和时间以及其他具体内容。
Dear Peter,
How is it going There' ll be a lecture on Peking Opera in our school.The lecture will start at 10: 00 this Friday morning in the school hall. Can you come to the meaningful lecture
We look forward to knowing more about Chinese culture In the lecture, we can get some useful information about Peking Opera. There' ll be some advice for you to prepare for it. First, remember to be there on time. Second,don't forget to bring a camera. Third, think of some questions you want to know about.
Hope you can make it! If there is anything that I can do, please let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
Unit 10
have a great time doing=enjoy doing=have fun doing 做某事很愉快
have a class meeting 开班会
half the class 一半的同学
organize v.组织 organized adj.组织的 organization n. 组织 organizer n.组织者 注意看二卷写单词需要填什么词性）
order ....from 从...订购某物
ask ab. to do 要求某人做某事
be upset about/at 对...感到沮丧
advice n.不可数（必考）
suggest v.建议 suggestion n.建议（可数） 必考！
advise v.建议 advice n.建议（不可数） 必考！advise sb. to do 建议某人做某事
travel around the world=travel all over the world 到...旅行
keep...to oneself 保守秘密
unless=if...not 除非，如果不
certainly=of course 当然
careful adj.小心的 careless adj.粗心的（less是否定后缀）
be careful to do 小心做某事
make a mistake in... 在...方面犯错误
by mistake 错误地
It is best（not) to do sth.最好做(不做）某事
run away from 逃避
trust sb.=believe in sb.信任某人
trust sb. to do 信任某人做某事
in half 分成两半
be halfway to doing完成了...一半
What else 还有其他的....？
make money 赚钱
get an education 接受教育
be angry with sb.生某人的气
in the end 在最后
solve a problem 解决问题
get into a fight with sb.=fight with sb.和某人打架
the first step is to do 第一步是做某事...
本单元核心语法点: if 引导的条件状语从句
if在初中阶段有两个意思，一个是“如果”，一个是“是否”，本学期我们只需要掌握“如果”的用法。
那么大家就记住一个口诀“if表示如果，主将从现/主将if现”
例如：My mom will take me to the park if she is free (if后面的是从句，用一般现在时，主句就用一般将来时）
本单元的话题作文“提建议”，建议话题的素材很多，考试时候出题范围也比较广泛。写作时建议大家记住一些表示提建议的固定句型，再加上熟悉的三段论结构，那么遇到各种各样话题的作文都可以游刃有余了。
表示建议的句型：If you....you will.....
I think you should.....
It is best (not)to do .....
You’d better (not) do.....
例文：Mike是一名中学生，沉迷于网络，影响了学习，请给他提一些建议。
Dear Mike,
Thanks for your letter. I am sorry to hear that you are in trouble now. Don't worry. Let me give you some advice.
Playing computer games is very interesting, but if you play too much, you'll waste lots of time, and you'll hardly have time to do your homework. So the first step is to give up playing computer games, and then you may be interested in other things, like music or sports. Exercising more will be helpful to your health. You should also study harder.
I think if you keep studying hard, you'll have a great time at school with your good friends.
Yours,
Jim
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