（7）Unit 4 Information Technology—高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册单元检测卷（A卷）
一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.I am _____ favour of the opinion that we must make full use of the existing technical equipment.
2.They've called to tell us that they will be a bit late with the _____(deliver) of the goods due to the heavy snow.
3.She is cooking up a storm in her _____(late) role—showing families how to рrepare delicious meals on a tight budget.
4.My brother was admitted _____ a university, which delighted us all.
5._____(travel) along the Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
6.Jason set a goal that in five years he _____(show) his work in the top gallery in that area.
7.The development of new technology continues to have an impact _____ education.
8.It was hoped his health _____(pick) up soon with the new treatment.
9.In the 1980s, nobody knew the Internet _____(perform) such an irreplaceable role in the future life.
10.Nowadays, there is a sharp increase in children's _____(create), for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
Birds rely on their keen sense of hearing to detect prey(猎物)and identify other birds on the basis of their songs. In fact, birds have better hearing than humans, so they hear with much more detail. So how do birds hear
Birds and humans both have an inner car and a middle ear. However, birds differ from humans in that they lack an external ear structure. Where humans have an outer ear organ, birds have a funnel-shaped (漏斗状的)opening that functions as their outer car, located on each side of their head. These openings are usually positioned behind and slightly below a bird's eyes and are protected by soft feathers.
The position of a bird's head also plays a role in its hearing abilities. Scientists have determined that noises register (记录) at different frequencies on each side of the bird's head. Depending on the angle from which the noise originates, it registers with a certain frequency in the left eardrum (鼓膜) but with a different frequency in the right eardrum. This allows the bird to locate a sound's origin.
Let's take a look at owls. They are known for their extremely accurate hearing, which helps them locate prey at night. This hearing ability is partly due to the unbalanced arrangement of the ear openings, with one opening being lower than the other. Sounds register in these openings at slightly different times. Owls can use this time difference, which is only 30 millionths of a second, to determine whether the sounds are coming from their left or their right. Other birds of prey (猛禽) have small covers in front of their cars that help them determine whether sounds are coming from above them or below them. Some owls do appear to have ears on the top of their head, but those are actually feathers controlled by small muscles under the skin that do not affect their hearing at all.
11.According to paragraph 2, what is the major difference between birds' ears and humans' ears
A. Size. B. Position. C. Structure. D. Function.
12.What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 3 probably refer to
A. Each side of the bird's head.
B. Sound quality around the bird.
C. The angle from which the noise comes.
D. The difference in frequencies between the eardrums.
13.What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A. To give examples. B. To present the main idea.
C. To draw a conclusion. D. To compare different opinions.
14.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Different Senses of Birds B. Amazing Abilities of Birds
C. The Secret of Birds' Hearing D. The Origin of Birds' Hearing
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
In the past few years, online leaning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ①_____ But are all online courses created equal How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you ②_____ We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses.
The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ③_____ "I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule," says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you're a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. ④_____ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
⑤_____ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to case this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
四、书面表达（共1题；满分20分）
假设你是李华,你的英国朋友Emily来信说她非常喜欢中国的民族舞,并打算最近来中国学习民族舞,想请你帮她推荐一位舞蹈老师。请你根据以下要点给她写一封信,推荐一位老师。要点:
1. 介绍你所推荐的老师;
2. 推荐该老师的原因;
3. 祝愿她拜师成功。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Emily,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：in
解析：句意为:我支持我们必须充分利用现有的技术设备这一观点。in favour of为固定短语,意为“赞同;支持”。
2.答案：delivery
解析：句意为:他们打电话告诉我们,由于下大雪,他们的送货时间会晚一点。设空处作介词with 的宾语,其前有定冠词the,后有介词of,应填名词delivery,表示“递送”。
3.答案：latest
解析：句意为:在她最新的角色中,她掀起了一场烹饪风暴,向众多家庭展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味的饭菜。latest意为“最近的;最新的”。
4.答案： into/to
解析：句意为:我哥哥被一所大学录取了,这使我们大家都很高兴。be admitted into/to...为固定搭配,意为“被接收(入学)”。
5.答案：Travelling
解析：句意为: 沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有意义的经历。本句为主系表结构, 设空处为句子的主语, 应填v.-ing(动名词)形式, 故填Travelling。
6.答案：would show
解析：句意为:贾森给自己设定了一个目标:五年后,他要在该地区的顶级画廊里展出自己的作品。分析句子可知,设空处在that引导的同位语从句中作谓语,根据主句谓语动词的时态和时间状语in five years可知,此处表示从过去的某个时间点出发,对未来的预期或希望,应用过去将来时。故填 would show。
7.答案：on/upon
解析：句意为:新技术的发展持续对教育产生影响。have an impact on/upon为固定搭配,意为“对……有影响”。故填on/upon。
8.答案： would pick
解析：句意为:人们希望在新疗法的作用下他能尽快好起来。根据主句部分的时态和从句中的soon可知,此处应用过去将来时,表示从说话时来看希望将来会发生的事。故填would pick。
9.答案： would perform
解析：句意为:在二十世纪八十年代,没有人想到因特网会在未来生活中起到如此不可替代的作用。此处表示从the 1980s这个时间看,未来将要发生的事,应用过去将来时。故填 would perform。
10.答案：creativity
解析：句意为:现在,孩子们在创造力上有很大的提高,因为他们被大力鼓励去发展他们的天赋。设空处应用名词形式作介词in的宾语,根据句意可知,此处表示“创造力”,故填creativity,为不可数名词。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的However, birds differ from humans in that they lack an external ear structure.可知,,鸟类的耳朵和人类的耳朵不同的地方在于它们没有外耳结构。
12.答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的 Scientists have determined that noises register ... but with a different frequency in the right eardrum.可知,鸟类能够定位声音的来源是因为声音在它们的左鼓膜和右鼓膜的频率不同。所以This指代上文提到的“鼓膜之间的频率差异”。故选D项。
13.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Let's take a look at owls. They are known for their extremely accurate hearing ... Sounds register in these openings at slightly different times.以及Other birds of prey have small covers in front of their ears that help them determine whether sounds are coming from above them or below them.并结合第三段最后一句话可推知,本段主要以猫头鹰和其它猛禽为例,介绍了不同鸟类有不同的判断声音来源的能力。故选A项。
14.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了鸟类耳朵结构的特点以及鸟类是如何听到声音的,并以猫头鹰为例,解释了鸟类听力更好、更正确的原因。所以(鸟类听觉的奥秘)适合做本文的最佳标题。故选C项。
三、七选五
答案：GFADE
解析：①由上文In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience,可知,在过去的几年里,在线学习已成为大学生活的重要组成部分,G项(一项调查发现,29%的大学生注册了在线课程)为上文观点提供了数据支撑,说明在线课程在大学中的普及程度,符合语境。故选G项。
②上文对在线课程提出疑问,空后一句提到了本文的主要内容,即关于在线课程的建议,F项(如果你参加了在线课程,你能做些什么来确保获得最好的成绩 )承接上文,与上文两个问句一起引出空后内容,符合语境。
③由上文 The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.可知,在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习;结合空后的many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule可知,学习进度很容易滞后,这是产生的问题,所以前后文内容形成了转折,A项(但这并不意味着没有最后期限)与上文“可以随时随地学习”构成转折关系,同时呼应下文的“学习进度”,符合语境。故选A项。
④由下文He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.可知,设空处应提及He指代的人名,D项(亚历克斯 戴维森教授在面授和在线的课程中教授相同的课程)能引起下文,下文中的He 指代D项中的 Professor Alex Davidson,符合语境。故选D项。
⑤由下文可知,设空处应是与人们之间互动有关的话题,故E项(人们对在线课程的主要抱怨是其缺乏人与人之间的互动)能概括本段内容。故选E项。
四、书面表达
Dear Emily,
Glad to hear that you are going to learn Chinese folk dance in China. I'm more than happy to recommend an excellent teacher Miss Chen to you.
Miss Chen is the best dance teacher in our school. You know, I love folk dance. I used to watch Miss Chen's performances of Chinese folk dance, which really impressed me. And I have seen almost all of her performances in our school. Her peacock dance is wonderful. She has helped many students who want to learn folk dance, including me. Besides this, Miss Chen is patient and enthusiastic about teaching. I believe you will achieve a lot with her help.
I sincerely wish you good luck to be Miss Chen's student.
Yours,
Li Hua（8）Unit 4 Information Technology—高一英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册单元检测卷（B卷）
一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分）
1.Memory is the ability to keep track _____ things that happened in the past.
2.All the account details are encrypted (加密) to protect _____(private).
3.Reading is of great importance. That's _____ World Book Day came into being.
4.This app provides detailed information on _____(accommodate) of the hotel.
5.With education apps _____(increasing) popular, students are free to get more digital resources.
6.It is not what you have said but the way you have expressed it _____ could have been better.
7._____ is shown, the new computer system functions quite well.
8.We're going to replace firewood _____ clean energy, improve living environments and create green rural areas.
9.The girl walked into a gift store with eyes focused _____ the doll in the windows.
10.He kept interrupting me, breaking my _____(concentrate).
二、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分）
The wallet is heading for extinction. As a day-to-day essential, it will die off with the generation who read printed newspapers. The kind of shopping—where you hand over notes and count out change in return—now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters, like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk from a corner shop. At the shops where you spend any real money, that money is increasingly abstracted. And this is more and more true, the higher up the scale you go. At the most cutting-edge (最前沿的) retail stores, you don't go and stand at any kind of cash register when you decide to pay. The staff are equipped with iPads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.
Which is nothing more or less than excellent service, if you have the money. But across society, the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy. Maybe I'm just old-fashion. But earning money isn't quick or easy for most of us. Isn't it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink (眨眼睛) of an eye Doesn't a wallet—that time—honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing, promising fatness-represent something that matters
But I'll leave the economics to the experts. What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment. Everything about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age, the plastic and paper and gold and silver, and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets—is the very opposite of what our world is becoming. The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone or a tablet. The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as a pebble. Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners, we move our fingers left and right. No more counting out coins. Show your wallet—if you still have one—some love. It may not be here much longer.
11.What is happening to the wallet
A. It is disappearing. B.It is being fattened.
C. It is becoming costly. D. It is changing in style.
12.What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays
A. Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.
B. Spending money is so fast and easy.
C. Earning money is getting more difficult.
D. The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.
13.What does the author think of what's happening to the wallet
A. It represents a change in the modern world.
B. It has something to do with everybody's life.
C. It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.
D.It is the concern of contemporary economists.
14.What can we infer from the passage about the author
A. He is resistant to social changes.
B. He is against technological progress.
C. He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.
D. He feels insecure in the ever-changing modern world.
三、七选五（共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分）
Despite the importance of sleep to physical and mental well-being, you may find it challenging to get enough quality sleep each night. ①_____ By getting to know them, you can take action to make it easier for you to fall asleep, stay asleep, and wake up feeling well-rested.
Usually, physical pain can affect sleep quality by making it hard for you to fall asleep or causing you to wake up in the middle of the night. ②_____ Getting a mattress (床垫) with ideal support for the back and pressure-relieving materials helps prevent pain from appearing or worsening. Also, make sure you are sleeping on a pillow that keeps your neck and back in the correct position.
③_____ And they can create a cyclical (循环的) problem because as you lose sleep, your stress level increases. So, if you are experiencing sleep-preventing stress, you can use helpful ways, like receiving professional treatment, to manage your pressure.
Light affects sleep quality by influencing the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律), the body's internal clock which controls when you feel tired or when to wake up. By using the right methods, you can reduce the negative effects of light on your sleep. ④_____
Food can also influence sleep quality by causing discomfort. Certain foods may cause an upset stomach at nighttime, including pizza, potato chips, cheese, chocolate, etc. ⑤_____ They include whole grains, vegetables, and watery foods. Moreover, eating too much before bed can make you feel uncomfortable. Therefore, you should be mindful of what you eat and how much you eat before bed.
A. Back pain and neck pain are common discomforts.
B. Keep a balanced diet and a dark sleep environment.
C. In fact, sleep quality is influenced by various factors.
D. However, there are other foods that can help ease discomfort.
E. The effects of poor sleep quality can be felt in all areas of your life.
F. Besides, troubling thoughts can stop you from getting quality sleep.
G. For example, you can turn off the electronics before bed and wear an eye mask.
四、书面表达（共1题；满分20分）
假定你是某校高一(6)班学生李华，学校英语俱乐部(the English club)现在要招募新成员，你有意参加该俱乐部。请用英文给社长Johnson写一封自荐信。内容提示如下：
1.写信表示愿意参加；
2.个人情况介绍（英语情况、技能以及性格等）。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Johnson,
I'm Li Hua from Class 6, Grade 1.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I'm looking forward to being accepted.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
一、语法填空
1.答案：of
解析：句意为:记忆就是一种了解过去发生的事情的能力。keep track of...为固定搭配,意为“了解……的动态”。
2.答案：privacy
解析：句意为:所有账户资料都经过加密,以保护(用户)隐私。设空处作动词 protect 的宾语,应用名词。
3.答案：why
解析：句意为:阅读很重要,这就是为什么人们要设立“世界读书日”。此处为固定句式“that's why+事情的结果”。
4.答案：accommodation(s)
解析：句意为:这款应用程序提供酒店住宿的详细信息。设空处作介词on的宾语,应使用名词形式,此处意为“住宿;住处”,可用accommodation,也常用复数形式accommodations。
5.答案：increasingly
解析：句意为:随着教育应用程序越来越流行,学生可以不受限制地获得更多的数字资源。设空处修饰其后的形容词popular,应用副词。
6.答案： that
解析：句意为:不是你所说的内容,而是你的表达方式本可以更好一些。此处考查强调句型it is... that/who...,强调句子的主语not what you have said but...it。故填that。
7.答案：As
解析：句意为:结果表明,新的计算机系统运行良好。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,位于句首,关系词在从句中作主语,代指后面的主句,有“正如”之意。故填As。
8.答案：with/by
解析：句意为:我们将用清洁能源取代木柴,改善生活环境,建设绿色乡村。replace sth with/by sth为固定搭配,意为“用某物替代某物”。故填with/by。
9.答案：on
解析：句意为:那个女孩走进一家礼品店,眼睛盯着橱窗里的玩具娃娃。固定表达focus one's eyes on表示“双眼盯着……;把目光聚集在……”,此处为focus的过去分词作宾补。故填on。
10.答案： concentration
解析：句意为:他一直打扰我,使我没办法集中注意力。设空处应填名词concentration作breaking的宾语,意为“专心;专注”,此时为不可数名词。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The wallet is heading for extinction.可知,钱包正在消失。故选A项。
12.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy和But earning money isn't quick or easy for most of us. Isn't it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink of an eye 可知,支付方式的变化使现金逐渐消失,取而代之的是快捷的数码支付,作者认为人们挣钱不容易,而花钱却可能只在转瞬之间,对此感到不安。故选B项。
13.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment.可知,作者认为钱包的逐渐消失代表了一个时代环境的变化。故选A项。
14.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment.可知,传统钱包的消失代表着实体环境的变化,后面作者提到塑料、纸张、金银、手写的电话号码和打印的电影票等等,这些实体都逐渐消失了,取而代之的是智能手机或平板电脑,我们也不再翻阅纸张,不再窥探角落,而是左右移动手指,我们也不再数硬币了。而这些变化让作者感到不安和困惑。由此推断作者在瞬息万变的现代世界中有一种不安全感。故选D项。
三、七选五
答案：CAFGD
解析：①根据设空处前后内容可知,前文提到每晚获得足够的高质量睡眠仍是一项挑战,后文提到通过了解某些事物并采取行动将有助于自己入睡、保持睡眠状态以及休息得更好,所以设空处应具体说明是哪些事物。故C项(事实上,睡眠质量受到多种因素的影响)符合语境,选项中的factors 和后文的them 相呼应。
②根据上文Usually, physical pain can affect sleep quality by making it hard for you to fall asleep or causing you to wake up in the middle of the night.和下文的helps prevent pain及keeps your neck and back in... position可知,本段主要介绍身体上的疼痛对睡眠质量的影响以及缓解的方式,如选择对背部有理想支撑力的床垫、合适的枕头等,再结合选项可知,A项(背部疼痛和颈部疼痛是常见的不适状况)与上下文衔接紧密。
③根据后文And they can create a cyclical problem because as you lose sleep, your stress level increases.可知,设空处应提到they所指代的内容以及其引发的睡眠问题,故ド项(此外,令人烦恼的想法会让你无法获得高质量的睡眠)符合语境,选项中的 troubling thoughts为they所指代的内容。
④根据上文Light affects sleep quality by influencing the circadian rhythm 和By using the right methods, you can reduce the negative effects of light on your sleep,可知,设空处应承接上文,介绍减少光线对睡眠的负面影响的方法。故G项(例如,你可以在睡前关掉电子产品,戴上眼罩)符合语境。
⑤根据上文的Certain foods may cause an upset stomach可知,某些食物可能会造成夜间胃部不适;再根据下文They include whole grains...列举了另外一些食物可知,设空处应提到某些食物及其对睡眠质量的影响。故D项(然而,还有其他食物可以帮助缓解不适)符合语境,选项中的other foods为空后They所指代内容。
四、书面表达
Dear Johnson,
I'm Li Hua from Class 6，Grade 1.I'm glad to hear that new members are wanted in the English club. I'm willing to join it.
I'm interested in English and have a good knowledge of it. Last year, I won the first prize in the English competition. Having learnt English far more than ten years, I can communicate with others in English fluently. What's more, I have some special skills, such as singing songs, telling stories and making speeches. I'm sure I can play an active part in the future activities of the club. Above all, I'm an easy-going guy who gets along well with others and enjoys working with others.
I'm looking forward to being accepted.
Yours,
Li Hua
