人教版八年级上册Unit 6 I'm going to study computer science.单元知识梳理

人教版八上Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.单元知识梳理
【Useful expressions】
1.every day每天 2.grow up长大;成熟;成长 3.computer programmer编程人员 4.be sure about对某事确信 5.make sure 确信/有把握 6.send…to…把…发送到…/把…寄… 7.be able to 能/能够 8.the meaning of …的意思/含义 9.promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 10.at the beginning of 在…开始的时候 11.write down写下/记下 12.take up 开始从事/着手处理/接受 13.hardly ever 几乎不 14.too…to…太而不能 15.study computer science学习计算机科学 16.keep on doing sth.反复做某事 17.take acting/singing lessons上表演/声乐课 18.finish high school中学毕业 19.have to do with 与…有关 20.for this reason由于这个原因 21.sounds like听起来像 22.the start of the year一年的开始 23.have...in common有相同特征;(想法、兴趣等方面)相同 24.agree with 同意 25.different kinds of不同种类的
【Target sentences】
1.— What do you want to be when you grow up — I want to be a computer programmer. 2.— How are you going to do that — I’m going to study computer science. 3.—Where are you going to work —I’m going to move to Shanghai. 4.—When are you going to start — I’m going to start when I finish high school and college. 5.—What are you going to do next year —I’m going to take guitar lessons. 6.—What’s your New Year’s resolution —I’m going to eat healthier food. 7.Well, I’m going to keep on writing stories, of course. 8.My parents want me to be a doctor, but I’m not sure about that. 9.Most of the time, we make promises to other people. 10.Some people might say they are going to take up a hobby like painting or taking photos ,or learn to play the guitar.
【Language points】
1. The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway.
by prep. 由……创作 此处的介词短语by Hemingway作后置定语。 a short story by Lu Xun 鲁迅创作的一篇短篇小说 the music by Mozart 莫扎特创作的音乐 paintings by Van Gogh 梵高创作的画作
2. I’m going to keep on writing stories, of course.
keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事 If you keep on practicing, you will succeed.
3.My parents want me to be a doctor, but I’m not sure about that.
be sure about 确信；对……有把握 Be sure to give your family my regards. Is it sure to snow tonight Are you sure that you’re not hungry
4. Just make sure you try your best.
make sure 确保；查明 make sure 常用于祈使句中，表示请求或要求对方做某事。常见用法如下： make sure + (that) 从句 确保…… (that 通常省略) You can eat everything you want but make sure your diet is healthy.
5.She’s going to study education.
education n. 教育；教育学 education在此处作不可数名词，意为“教育学”。education还可意为“教育”，通常用作不可数名词，但当它特指某一种或某一段教育（其前通常有修饰词）时，其前可用不定冠词 a/an。 a good education 良好的教育 compulsory education 义务教育 pre-school education 学前教育 Labor education is important for students’ development. Most students hope to get a good education and find a good job. 【拓展】 educational 是形容词，意为“教育的，有关教育的”。 This is a funny story, but it is educational. educate 是动词，意为“教育” educate sb. to do sth. 教育某人做某事
6.I’m going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers.
send v. 邮寄；发送 send 在此处作及物动词，其过去式为sent。send sth. to sb. = send sb. sth.，表示“寄/发送某物给某人”。如果sth.为代词，只能用send sth. to sb. 结构。 Please send me your address and telephone number. = Please send your address and telephone number to me. The letter is important. Please send it to Jack.
7.It’s a kind of promise.
promise n. 承诺；诺言 v. 许诺；承诺 (1) promise在此处作可数名词，意为“承诺”。常用短语： Once you make a promise to others, you should try your best to keep it. I got angry when he broke his promise. (2) promise还可作动词，常用结构： promise to do sth. 许诺做某事；答应做某事 promise sb. sth. =promise sth. to sb. 向某人承诺某事 promise + (that) 从句 许诺…… He promised to pick me up at the school gate. He promised a bike to his grandson. = He promised his grandson a bike. I promise I will work harder next term, Miss Li.
8.When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope…
at the beginning of 在……的开始 此处 beginning 作名词，意为“开头；开端”。at the beginning of 的反义短语为at the end of, 意为“在……的结尾/末端”。 At the beginning of every chapter, there’s a short poem.
9.we hope that we are going to improve our lives.
improve v. 改进；改善 (1) improve 在此处用作及物动词，后接宾语。 Keeping English diaries is a good way to improve English. (2) improve 还可作不及物动词，其后不能直接跟宾语。 Their working conditions are improving. 【拓展】improvement 作名词，意为“改进，改善”。self-improvement 自我提升 We expect to see further improvement over the coming year.
10.They may help to make you a better person and to make your life easier.
make的复合结构 make在本句中出现两次，均用作使役动词，意为“使；让”。其结构分别为： （1）make sb./ sth. + n. 让某人/ 某物成为…… Make your enemy your friend. 如果“make sb./ sth. + n.”中的名词表示独一无二的职位或头衔，其前不用冠词。 We made him monitor of our class. （2）make sb./ sth. + adj. 让某人/ 某物…… His dance music made him famous all over the world. （3）make sb./sth.+do 让某人/ 某物做某事 Teachers always make us review what we learned .
11.The first resolution is about my own personal improvement.
1.own adj. & pron. 自己的；本人的 (1) own在本句中作形容词，一般放在形容词性物主代词之后，用以强调“某人自己的”。 Everyone has his or her own opinion of the world. (2) own还可作代词, 意为“自己的东西；独有的东西” ,常用于下列短语中： 【拓展】own还可作动词，意为“拥有”，不用于进行时态。owner为名词, 意为“物主；所有权人；主人” 。 Bob owns the farm. That means he is the owner of the farm. 2.personal adj. 个人的；私人的 personal由“person(n.人) + -al (形容词后缀)” 构成，常用于名词前作定语。 It is just my personal opinion. Of course, this is just a personal opinion.
12.Ideas for improving my relationships with my family and friends.
relationship作名词，由“relation (n.关系) + -ship (名词后缀)” 构成。 Is there any relationship between the two matters She has a very close relationship with her sister.
【Grammar Focus】
be going to +动词原形
语法概述：“be going to+ 动词原形”结构可以表示将来，多用于口语中。此结构表示说话人的意图，指打算、准备做某事，也可以表示有迹象表明即将发生或可能会出现什么情况。be 动词随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。 be going to的用法 ① 用来表示决定要做某事（即一种计划或打算），通常译作“计划；打算；准备”等。 She is going to work hard next term. ② 表示主语根据当前的情况做出的预测。常用于 I’m sure, I’m afraid 或 I think 等后面。 It is going to rain. Take an umbrella with you. ③ be going to 的否定形式可用于表示不愿意或拒绝。 We’re not going to pay for it. ④ be going to 常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如 this evening, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow (后天), next week/month/year, soon等；也可与when, before, after, until等引导的时间状语从句连用。