2025届高三英语复习-动词时态、语态
1．I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time.(所给词的适当形式填空)
2．This device, however (use) a thermoelectric generator, which creates energy from differences in temperature.(所给词的适当形式填空)
3．There (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. （所给词的适当形式填空）
1．In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured how many tears (produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners.(所给词的适当形式填空)
2．I decided to volunteer for this year’s half-marathon after the chairman of the organizing committee (visit) my school. （所给词的适当形式填空）
3．It (impact) the normal formation of the lower half of the body. （所给词的适当形式填空）
1．According to Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata, across Africa, all giraffe populations (decline) by over 70 percent in the past 20 years from 36,000 to less than 9,000 today. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．Chang Shana, an outstanding designer and educator in China, was just 13 when her love affair with Dunhuang (begin). (所给词的适当形式填空)
3．Young athletes (wear) sports clothing bearing Chinese elements, such as dragons and pandas. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．In the past decades, with the rapid development of science and technology, our daily life (change) a lot. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．The country will carry out three more missions -the launch of the Tianzhou-5 cargo craft and the Shenzhou-15 crewed spaceship, as well as bringing theShenzhou-14 crew back to Earth -before it (complete) the in-orbit construction of the space station by the end of this year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．The host (contact) me in advance by the time he reached the pub packed with people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．Between rows of trees (stand) a new building, which is supposed to be our new library. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．At the top of the hill (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．It is the second time in a row that Suzhou (top) the ranking. （所给词的适当形式填空）
10．These beautiful black faced spoonbills are some of the world's rarest birds. The birds (fly) all the way from their summer home to this wetland, where they will spend the winter. Now, they circle and land. （所给词的适当形式填空）
1．Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it (pass) and is beyond our control.
2．Experts say these texts could prove the government in the third century BC handed out cruel punishments to people who (break) these rules. （所给词的适当形式填空）
3．A white telephone booth (电话亭), known as the Phone of the Wind, (sit) in a garden on top of a hill. （所给词的适当形式填空）
4．You can charge them at maximum rate and the rest of the energy (go) out as heat. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．The only thing she knew was that the cash in that envelope (belong) to someone else. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．The scientific literature evaluating these techniques (stretch) back decades and across thousands of articles. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．It was the first time she (leave) her motherland. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．I (intend) to say hello to Linda, but she got into her car and drove off before I could say a word. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．Two years ago, she bought an expensive bike and then she (persuade) me to buy one. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．It (bother) me to think of her alone in that big house. (所给词的适当形式填空)
（2023·北京·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 34 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 35 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 36 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
（2023·北京·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 37 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 38 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 39 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
（2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Helen was walking down the street late 34 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 35 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 36 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
（2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 40 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 41 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 42 (bad). The use of those plastics 43 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
（2021·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空．在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse 34 (idea)．Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything 35 happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.As it 36 (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story,and you get a dream．
（2021·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空．在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
There 40 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 41 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 42 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 43 (invest) in disaster prevention.2025届高三英语复习-动词时态、语态
1．I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】threw
【详解】
考查动词时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填threw。
2．This device, however (use) a thermoelectric generator, which creates energy from differences in temperature.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】uses
【详解】
考查时态。句意：然而，这一设备使用了一个热电发电机，利用温差产生能量。此处this device作主语，为单数，与谓语动词use之间为主动关系，且根据后文的creates可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填uses。
3．There (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has been
【详解】考查时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，在过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，主要是由全球气温上升引起的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知句子用现在完成时态。 根据a dramatic可知谓语用单数。故填has been。
1．In the experiment, the-researchers first /measured how many tears (produce) by dogs when they were just spending time at home with their owners.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were produced
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在实验中，研究人员首先测量了狗狗在家里和主人在一起的时候会流出多少眼泪。根据“they were”可知，主句为一般过去时，主语tears与谓语produce为被动关系。故填were produced。
2．I decided to volunteer for this year’s half-marathon after the chairman of the organizing committee (visit) my school. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】visited
【详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在组委会主席参观我的学校后，我决定志愿参加今年的半程马拉松比赛。句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填visited。
3．It (impact) the normal formation of the lower half of the body. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】impacts
【详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它影响下半身的正常形成。分析句子可知，impact作谓语，it指代上文提到的CRS，主语和谓语之间是主动关系，且主语是单数，谓语动词用单数，讲述事实用一般现在时，故填impacts。
1．According to Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata, across Africa, all giraffe populations (decline) by over 70 percent in the past 20 years from 36,000 to less than 9,000 today. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have declined
【详解】考查动态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata的数据，在整个非洲，长颈鹿的数量在过去的20年里减少了70%以上，从36000只减少到现在的不到9000只。decline(减少，下降)是句中谓语动词，与主语giraffe populations之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语in the past 20 years，描述从过去开始持续到现在的动作，应使用现在完成时态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，复数形式。故填have declined。
2．Chang Shana, an outstanding designer and educator in China, was just 13 when her love affair with Dunhuang (begin). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】began
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：中国杰出的设计师和教育家常莎娜13岁时就爱上了敦煌。根据上文“was just 13 when her love affair with Dunhuang”可知用一般过去时。故填began。
3．Young athletes (wear) sports clothing bearing Chinese elements, such as dragons and pandas. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】wore
【详解】考查时态。句意：年轻的运动员穿着带有中国元素的运动服，比如龙和熊猫。句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式wore，故填wore。
4．In the past decades, with the rapid development of science and technology, our daily life (change) a lot. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has changed
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，随着科学技术的飞速发展，我们的日常生活改变了很多。根据本句的时间状语in the past decades可知，该句子应该用现在完成时。故填has changed。
5．The country will carry out three more missions -the launch of the Tianzhou-5 cargo craft and the Shenzhou-15 crewed spaceship, as well as bringing theShenzhou-14 crew back to Earth -before it (complete) the in-orbit construction of the space station by the end of this year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】completes
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在今年年底完成空间站在轨建设之前，中国还将执行三项任务——发射天舟5号货运飞船和神舟15号载人飞船，以及将神舟14号载人飞船带回地球。before引导时间状语从句表将来时，常用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填completes。
6．The host (contact) me in advance by the time he reached the pub packed with people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had contacted
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当主人到达挤满了人的酒吧时，他已经提前和我联系了。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合该句时间状语by the time he reached…可知，此处应为过去完成时。故填had contacted。
7．Between rows of trees (stand) a new building, which is supposed to be our new library. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】stands
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：在一排排树之间矗立着一座新建筑，它应该是我们的新图书馆。分析句子可知，句子为完全倒装句，句子的主语为a new building，空处应为谓语动词，由is supposed to可知，句子应用一般现在时，单数名词作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填stands。
8．At the top of the hill (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】lies
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：山顶上有一座古老的小屋，从那里可以看到整个城市的美景。分析可知，本句为地点状语置于句首的全部倒装句，空处为主句谓语动词，根据后文has可知，此处为一般现在时。主语an old cottage是单数，主谓一致，故填lies。
9．It is the second time in a row that Suzhou (top) the ranking. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has topped
【详解】考查动词时态和固定句型。句意：这是苏州连续第二次荣登榜首。观察句子可知，这是固定句型：It’s+序数词+time+that+从句，从句中要用现在完成时，主语Suzhou为单数形式，助动词用has。故填has topped。
10．These beautiful black faced spoonbills are some of the world's rarest birds. The birds (fly) all the way from their summer home to this wetland, where they will spend the winter. Now, they circle and land. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】have flown
【详解】考查谓语动词时态及主谓一致。句意：这些美丽的黑脸琵鹭是世界上最稀有的鸟类之一。这些鸟从它们夏天的家一路飞到这片湿地，它们将在这里过冬。现在，它们盘旋着陆。所给动词fly在句中作谓语，根据“this wetland”及“where they will spend the winter”可知，这种鸟现在已到达此地，将在此地过冬，由此可知，该空应使用现在完成时态，主语为复数名词，助动词使用复数形式。故填have flown。
1．Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it (pass) and is beyond our control.
【答案】has passed
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：生活教会我们不要后悔昨天的事情，因为它已经过去，我们无法掌控。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应填动词；其主语为it，二者之间为主动关系，应用主动语态；结合句意可知，此处表示“昨天已经过去”，动作发生在过去，到现在已经完成，并对现在产生影响，故应用现在完成时have/has done结构，主语为第三人称单数，故谓语也用第三人称单数。故填has passed。
2．Experts say these texts could prove the government in the third century BC handed out cruel punishments to people who (break) these rules. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】broke
【详解】
考查时态。句意：专家们说，这些文本可以证明公元前三世纪的政府对违反这些规则的人施以残酷的惩罚。分析句子可知，定语从句中缺少谓语动词。根据句中时间状语in the third century BC可知，发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填broke。
3．A white telephone booth (电话亭), known as the Phone of the Wind, (sit) in a garden on top of a hill. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】sits
【详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一座白色的电话亭，被称为“风的电话”，坐落在山顶的花园里。根据文章时态可知，用一般现在时。主语为A white telephone booth，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填sits。
4．You can charge them at maximum rate and the rest of the energy (go) out as heat. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】goes
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：你可以用最高功率给它们充电，剩余的能量将以热量的形式跑出来。描述事实用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数。故填goes。
5．The only thing she knew was that the cash in that envelope (belong) to someone else. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】belonged
【详解】考查时态。句意：她唯一知道的是那个信封里的现金属于别人。was后为表语从句，本空为从句谓语，根据语境和was可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，用belong“属于”的过去式。故填belonged。
6．The scientific literature evaluating these techniques (stretch) back decades and across thousands of articles. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】stretches
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：评估这些技术的科学文献可以追溯到几十年前，有数千篇文章。stretch back追溯到。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是The scientific literature，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填stretches。
7．It was the first time she (leave) her motherland. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had left
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意：这是她第一次离开祖国。“It was +第几次+ that sb. had done sth.”表示“这是某人第几次做某事”，为固定结构，故本空用leave“离开”的过去完成时形式had left。故填had left。
8．I (intend) to say hello to Linda, but she got into her car and drove off before I could say a word. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had intended
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我本想跟琳达打声招呼，但我还没来得及说一句话，她就上了车开走了。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由后面got into her car and drove off before I could say a word“没来得及说一句话，她就上了车开走了”由此可知，此处为过去的过去，即过去完成时。故填had intended。
9．Two years ago, she bought an expensive bike and then she (persuade) me to buy one. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】persuaded
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的自行车，然后说服我买一辆。and连接两个并列分句，表示顺承，根据and前面分句中的bought和句中的时间状语Two years ago，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填persuaded。
10．It (bother) me to think of her alone in that big house. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】bothers
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：一想到她一个人在那所大房子里，我就很烦恼。空格处作谓语，根据句意应用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填bothers。
（2023·北京·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 34 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 35 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 36 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
【答案】34．threw 35．exactly 36．had arrived
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。
34．考查动词时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填threw。
35．考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。此处修饰介词短语on time，应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。
36．考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。
（2023·北京·高考真题）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 37 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 38 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 39 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
【答案】37．seen 38．cities 39．has established
【导语】本文是说明文。红树林，生长在陆地和海洋之间，有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭，到目前为止，中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。
37．考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。
38．考查名词复数。句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。
39．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。
（2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Helen was walking down the street late 34 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 35 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 36 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
【答案】34．in 35．to harm 36．caught
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。
34．考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。
35．考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。
36．考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。
（2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 40 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 41 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 42 (bad). The use of those plastics 43 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
【答案】40．themselves 41．which 42．worse 43．has increased
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。
【详解】1.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者预定配送服务。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
2.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只能使用一次。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。
3.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。
4.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。
（2021·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空．在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse 34 (idea)．Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything 35 happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.As it 36 (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story,and you get a dream．
【答案】34．ideas 35．that 36．connects
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了我们为什么会做梦的原因。
34．考查可数名词的数。句意：科学家们还不能完全确定，他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的，多种多样的”，形容词作定语，后接可数名词复数；idea想法，可数名词。故填ideas。
35．考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。
36．考查时态。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词turns可知，空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数it，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。
（2021·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空．在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
There 40 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 41 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 42 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 43 (invest) in disaster prevention.
【答案】40．has been 41．caused 42．resulting 43．to invest
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的，引发重大自然灾害，造成了极大的经济损失，因此人们急需投资于灾害预防。
40．考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明，急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知，此处表示未来的动作，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to invest。
