2025届高考英语二轮复习 专题六 ：特殊句式课件(共42张PPT)

(共42张PPT)
第二部分　学透语法
专题六　突破句法篇　特殊句式
目 录
Contents
01
高考帮 研透命题
02
语法帮 考点通关
03
练习帮 课时提能
考向1　祈使句
1. [北京高考，8]In any unsafe situation， simply (press)the button and a
highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.
2. [湖南高考，31]Always (keep) in mind that your main task is to get this
company running smoothly.
press　
keep　
　　祈使句在高考中考查较少。做题时要注意分析句子成分，牢记祈使句的常用句
型，准确辨别祈使句和非谓语动词作状语的情况。
考向2　强调句型和倒装
3. [天津高考，14]It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we
saw Lily in the passenger seat.
4. [江苏高考，34]Not until recently (do) they encourage the development of
tourist-related activities in the rural areas.
　　强调句型和倒装在近些年全国卷中未涉及，偶尔在地方卷中出现。要注意区分
强调句型和其他句型以及正确使用倒装语序。
that　
did　
考点一　倒　装
一、全部倒装
　　把谓语完全放在主语之前的现象叫全部倒装。全部倒装常用于以下情况：
1. 方位副词(如here，there等)，时间副词(如now，then等)以及表示趋向的副词(如
in，out，away，up，down，off等)位于句首，且句子主语是名词时。
Here is Mr Wang.王先生来了。
Now comes your turn.现在该你了。
Up went the rocket into the air.火箭升空了。
2. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首，句子谓语动词是表示存在意义的不及物动词(如
lie，stand，live，sit，exist等)，且句子主语为名词时。
On her left sat her daughter.她左边坐着她的女儿。
Beyond the river lives a hunter.有个猎人住在河对岸。
注意　若句子主语是代词，则句子不倒装。如：Here they are.他们在这儿。
例1　On top of the mountain (stand) an ancient building which dates back to
hundreds of years ago.
stands　
二、部分倒装
　　只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前的现象叫部分倒装。
构成部分倒装结构时，如果谓语部分无情态动词或be动词，则要找助动词来＂帮
助＂构成倒装句。常用于以下几种情况：
1. 具有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。常见的词或短语有：
hardly， seldom， rarely， scarcely， little， never， in no way，by no means， in no
case，on no account， under no circumstances等。
On no account should the house be left unlocked. 离开住宅时千万要锁门。
2. ＂only＋状语(从句)＂置于句首时，句子(或复合句中的主句)一般要部分倒装。若
only不修饰状语，句子不倒装。
Only in the morning can you meet him.你只有在早晨才能见到他。
Only after he died did people begin to appreciate his works.只有在他死了之后人们才开
始欣赏他的作品。
3. as/though引导让步状语从句时的倒装情况：
其结构为：表语/状语/动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他.
注意　although引导让步状语从句时，从句不可倒装。
Old as/though he is， he works like a young man.他虽然老了，但工作起来像
个年轻人。
4. ＂hardly/scarcely...when...， no sooner...than...＂结构中，当hardly/scarcely， no
sooner位于句首时，when/than前的内容要部分倒装，其后的内容不倒装。
No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.她刚出去电话就响了。
5. not until置于句首时，句子(或复合句中的主句)要部分倒装。
Not until Father came back did we begin to have supper. 直到父亲回来我们才
开始吃晚饭。
6. ①not only...but(also)...连接两个并列分句，且not only置于句首时，not only所在的
分句要部分倒装。
②neither...nor...连接两个并列分句，且neither和nor分别位于分句句首时，两个分句
都要部分倒装。
Not only did he make a promise， but also he kept it.他不仅许了诺言，而且也遵守了这
个诺言。
Neither do I know what has happened， nor do I care about it. 我不知道发生了什么，我
也不关心。
7. ＂so/such...that...＂结构中的so，such 连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调
时，主句要用部分倒装，that引导的从句不倒装。
So important is the exam tomorrow that I cannot fall asleep. 明天的考试如此重要以至于
我睡不着觉。
例2　＂Never for a second，＂ the boy says， ＂ (do) I doubt that my father
would come to my rescue.＂
例3　—How was the weather then？
—Hardly (have) I stepped off the plane when it started to rain.
did　
had　
考点二　强　调
一、强调句型
注意　判断一个句子是否为强调句时，可把It is/was和that/who去掉，若剩下的部分
仍能组成一个完整的句子，且意义符合逻辑，那么该句就是强调句，否则就不是。
It is my brother who/that likes jazz.喜欢爵士乐的是我弟弟。(强调主语)
It was before he went to London that he had learned English.他是在去伦敦之前学的英
语。(强调时间状语从句)
1. 强调句型概览：
2. not...until的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...
It was not until I told Jack everything that he understood why I was angry with him.直到
我把一切都告诉杰克，他才明白我为什么生他的气。
例4　It (be) with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was
rescued.
例5　It was in this new hall was just set up last month we held an
important meeting yesterday.
was　
which/that　
that　
二、do型强调结构
He does know the place well.他的确熟悉这个地方。
考点三　祈使句
　　祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般为第
二人称(通常省略)，常见的祈使句有以下几种形式：
形式及含义 例句
肯定
式 动词原形(＋宾语)(＋其他). Come in， please！
Be＋表语(＋其他). Be a good kid！
Let＋宾语＋动词原形(＋其他). Let me have a look.
形式及含义 例句
强调
式 Do＋动词原形(＋其他). 该句型常意为＂务必做某事＂。 Do tell her about it.
Do be careful next time！
常用句型：祈使句＋and/or/破折号＋陈
述句. 该句型中陈述句通常用一般将来时。 Hurry up or we’ll be late for school.
Try some of this juice — perhaps you’ll like it.
例6　 (study) for thirty minutes every day instead of two hours once a week.
This habit will help keep English in your brain fresh.
Study　
考点四　感叹句
一、what型感叹句：what修饰名词
What＋
What a wonderful story (it is)！多精彩的一个故事啊！
What beautiful flowers (they are)！多漂亮的花儿啊！
二、how型感叹句：how修饰形容词、副词
How＋
How clever she is！她多么聪明啊！
How fast he ran！他跑得多快啊！
How interesting a film we saw！我们看了一部多么有趣的电影啊！
例7　The little boy came riding his bicycle at full speed down the motorway. a
dangerous scene it was！
例8　 glad I was that he was sitting next to me！
例9　Mr Smith saved an old lady out of the river. great courage he showed！
例10　 rapidly science and technology develop！ Some high-tech products we
imagined years ago have come true now.
What　
How　
What　
How　
考点五　There be句型
　　There be句型表示＂(某处/某时)有······＂，there本身没有词义，be是系动词，be
后面的名词或代词是主语。
一、There be句型中的be
　　There be句型中的be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致；主语为并列结构
时，be的人称和数遵循＂就近原则＂。be可以有不同的时态，还可以与助动词和情
态动词连用。
例11　Once there (be) two poor woodsmen who made a living by collecting
woods.
例12　There (be) a new hospital nearby in the near future.
例13　There (be) a number of creative inventions being exhibited in the centre.
were　
will be　
are　
二、There be句型的变式
　　There be句型中的be有时可用seem/happen/appear to be， remain， stand， exist，
live等替换。
Once upon a time there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.从前在海边的一个
村庄里住着一位老渔夫。
三、There be句型的非谓语形式
　　There be句型中的be也可以以不定式(to be)或v-ing形式(being)出现在句子中。
there to be可以作动词的宾语，there being在句中作主语、宾语或状语。
There being a bus stop near the school is a great convenience to students.学校附近有一个
公交站点，这对学生来说非常便利。(主语)
I wish there to be a good chance to go abroad.我希望有一个出国的好机会。(宾语)
例14　There (be) neither gas nor electricity at home， we had to go to the
nearest restaurant to have lunch.
being　
四、含There be的固定句型
一、单句语法填空
1. [2024上海交大附中开学考]But the more interaction there (be) between warmer
waters and people， the more bacteria move into populations such as the elderly and those
with other health conditions， who are more vulnerable to infections.
2. [2024黑龙江哈尔滨三中开学考]Generous husband he might be， he
was more than angry with his wife — she spent all their savings on a diamond necklace.
【点拨】　此处为让步状语从句的倒装语序。
is　
as/though　
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3. [2024重庆外国语学校校考]It was not until the early Tang Dynasty people
began to celebrate the day as a traditional festival.
4. [2024江苏连云港统考阶段练]Not only (do) my academic performance
improve， but I also developed an ability to adapt to unexpected situations.
5. As there (be) furniture and electrical appliances(家电) left， the price of the
apartment is a little higher.
【点拨】　there be句型的单复数要遵循＂就近一致＂原则。
that　
did　
is　
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6. With fall (come) cooler weather， and the lack of sunlight can have a
significant impact on how energetic we feel.
【点拨】　该句为介词短语with fall提到句首引起的完全倒装句，主语为空后的
cooler weather。
7. Study the learning material carefully until you have a good understanding of
it， you can’t answer the questions asked by the professor in class tomorrow.
8. great fun it was walking along the streets， enjoying the festive atmosphere！
9. The brave boy (do) save a baby in the lake but he didn’t tell anyone.
10. fascinating it is to go hiking in the country park in the cool autumn！
comes　
or　
What　
did　
How　
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11. It is said that there (be) a discount at the gas station next Wednesday.
12. He (do) know the city well. He has been living here since graduation.
13. (keep) your feet on the ground and work hard， and you will definitely
achieve your goal one day.
14. Here (be) a few suggestions that you can follow to improve your listening
ability.
15. By no means (be) she to blame for the loss， for she has been highly responsible all through the project.
will be　
does　
Keep　
are　
is　
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二、语篇语法填空
A
　　[2024河南驻马店9月联考]It is obvious that there 1　　　　(be) no shortage of
noodle dishes and noodle soup recipes in China. More than you’ve 2　　　　(possible)
ever heard of， their variety is as expansive as China’s territory， and everything is
delicious. But among the noodle dishes and noodle soups， Lanzhou Beef Noodles stands
out in particular.
3　　　　(consist) of chewy handmade noodles and flavorful and clear soup，
shaved beef， deep red chilli oil and lots of characteristic ingredients， Lanzhou Beef
Noodles has received a large number of votes from Chinese citizens. The fact can
4　　　　(confirm) by a quick search on the Internet. This bowl of hot spicy delight
seems simple 5　　　　 has contributed to noodle 6　　　　(chain) across Beijing.
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In fact， there is a Lanzhou Beef Noodles restaurant right downstairs， 7　　　　
is about 100 yards from our Beijing apartment. My niece Kim came 8　　　　(visit) us
in Beijing this summer， and after visiting many fancy restaurants， she declared this
bowl of noodles to be the best thing she 9　　　　(eat) in China ever. And guess what？
It only costs $3！ We promised to feed her 10　　　　 extra bowl before leaving for the
airport， and to our surprise， she proposed that we should meet in the Lanzhou Beef
Noodles restaurant the next summer holiday.
　　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了中国面食中尤为出名的兰州牛肉面，并提到了北京的一家兰州牛肉面餐厅以及作者的侄女对这种面的喜爱。
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1.
[解析]　there be 句型。there be 句型中的be动词单复数形式遵循＂就近一致＂原
则。根据no shortage可知be动词用单数；且根据上下文可知，时态为一般现在时。
故填is。
is　
2.
[解析]　副词。分析句子结构可知，空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词heard。possible
的副词形式为possibly。 故填possibly。
possibly　
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3.
[解析]　非谓语动词。句意：由有嚼劲的手工面条、美味的清汤、切片牛肉、深红
色的辣椒油和许多特色配料组成，兰州牛肉面在中国人民中得到了大量投票(支持喜
爱)。分析句子结构可知，句中has received为谓语，空处应填非谓语动词。同时
consist of与其逻辑主语Lanzhou Beef Noodles是主谓关系，故使用现在分词作状语；
同时该空置于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Consisting。
Consisting　
4.
[解析]　语态。分析句子结构可知，句子主语The fact和confirm是被动关系，同时空
处置于情态动词can之后，故填be confirmed。
be confirmed　
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5.
[解析]　并列连词。这碗热辣的美味看似简单，却在北京很受欢迎。空前和空后的
语意为转折关系。故填but。
but　
6.
[解析]　名词。chain在此意为＂连锁店＂，为可数名词，且此处表示复数意义。故
填chains。
chains　
7.
[解析]　定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词
在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a Lanzhou Beef Noodles restaurant。故填which。
which　
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8.
[解析]　非谓语动词。此处表示目的，应用不定式。故填to visit。
to visit　
9.
[解析]　时态。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句子为定语从句，修饰先行词the best
thing。空处应填动词作从句的谓语，根据前文的she declared以及句意可知，此处表
示动作发生在过去之前，所以使用过去完成时。故填had eaten。
had eaten　
10.
[解析]　冠词。句中bowl为可数名词，且此处表示＂额外的一碗＂，所以用不定冠
词，且extra的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
an　
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B
　　Possibly the most helpful and joy-bringing app I’ve added to my phone lately is
Merlin， a free bird identification program 　1　(create) by the Cornell Lab of
Ornithology.
There are many features the app offers， and my favorite is the birdsong listening
feature， 　2　 you can turn on your phone’s microphone and hear diverse recorded
birdsong. Hearing birdsong is a 　3　(remind) that we’re not alone in the great
outdoors — or in life. Taking a walk outdoors， I never cease to be 　4　(pleasant)
surprised to encounter far more birds than I thought. I also enjoy hearing different calls
show up at 　5　 same time， showing that the birds are communicating with each other.
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The sense of calm， well-being and pleasure that I feel when I’m hearing
birdsong 　6　(support) by research. One study looked at 26，000 individuals in 26
European countries and found remarkably 　7　(high) life-satisfaction among those who
lived near diverse bird habitats. A fascinating finding was that seeing 10 percent more bird
species generated similar satisfaction 　8　 increase in income.
So， when you take a walk outdoors or go for a hike， 　9　(listen) for the birds
that share your space. Perhaps you can be inspired by this Chinese proverb(谚语)：
＂Keep a green tree in your heart， 　10　 perhaps a singing bird will come.＂
　　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款免费的鸟类识别应用程序，介绍了其功能以及听鸟鸣的好处。
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1.
[解析]　非谓语动词。句意：最近我给手机安装的最有用、最能带来快乐的应用程
序可能是Merlin，这是康奈尔鸟类学实验室开发的一款免费的鸟类识别应用程序。
分析句子结构可知，create与其逻辑主语a free bird identification program构成被动关
系，所以用其过去分词作后置定语。故填created。
created　
2.
[解析]　定语从句。句意：这款应用程序提供了许多功能，我最喜欢的是鸟鸣收听
功能，你可以打开手机的麦克风，听到各种鸟鸣的录音。空处引导非限制性定语从
句修饰先行词the birdsong listening feature，在从句中作抽象地点状语。 故填where。
where　
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3.
[解析]　名词。空处在句中作表语，空前为不定冠词a，所以空处应填remind的可数
名词单数形式。故填reminder。
reminder　
4.
[解析]　副词。句意：在户外散步时，我总是惊喜地遇到比我想的要多得多的鸟。
修饰surprised用pleasant的副词形式。故填pleasantly。
pleasantly　
5.
[解析]　冠词。same前通常用定冠词修饰。at the same time＂同时＂。故填the。
the　
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6.
[解析]　时态和语态。句意：当我听到鸟鸣时，我所感受到的平静、幸福和快乐的
感觉是有研究支持的。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句子主语为The sense of calm，
well-being and pleasure，为单数形式，空处作谓语与主语构成被动关系，且陈述客
观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is supported。
is supported　
7.
[解析]　形容词比较级。句意：一项研究调查了26个欧洲国家的2.6万人，发现住在
各种鸟类栖息地附近的人生活满意度明显更高。此处将住在各种鸟类栖息地附近的
人和没有住在各种鸟类栖息地附近的人相比较，所以应用比较级形式。故填higher。
higher　
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8.
[解析]　介词。句意： 一个有趣的发现是，多看到10％的鸟类会让人产生与收入增
加类似的满足感。similar通常与to搭配，表示＂与······类似＂。故填to。
to　
9.
[解析]　祈使句。句意：所以，当你在户外散步或徒步旅行时，留心听听与你共享
空间的鸟儿的叫声。空处所在句子为肯定祈使句，句首动词用原形。故填listen。
listen　
10.
[解析]　连词。句意：也许你会受到这句中国谚语的启发：＂心中有绿树，或有飞
鸟鸣。＂谚语的句子是祈使句固定结构＂祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句＂。根据句意可
知，空处前后句意为顺承关系，所以用并列连词and。故填and。
and　
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三、写作运用
　　学校图书馆需要购置一批新书，现向学生征询意见。假定你是李华，你认为学
校图书馆最需要购置科普类图书(popular science books)和文学类图书(literary
books)。请你用英语给图书馆王老师写一封建议信，内容包括：
　　1. 推荐图书；
　　2. 推荐理由。
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Dear Mr Wang，
　　I’ve heard that our school library will buy some new books. 　1
(多么令人兴奋的消息啊)！ And I’m writing to suggest buying some popular
science books and literary books.
Firstly， 　2 (这个时代
的科技发展地如此之快)(倒装) that it is vital for us to have a basic knowledge of them.
Above all， 　3 (有许多令人惊叹
的科学发现) that can arouse students’ interest and passion.
What exciting
news　
so rapidly do science and technology develop in this age
there are plenty of amazing scientific discoveries
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　5 (我真的希望)(强调) my advice will meet with your approval.
Yours，
Li Hua
I do hope
一
二
三
Secondly， literary books are also what we need. 　4
(他们不仅能给我们带来欢乐)(倒装)， but they also broaden our horizons.
Besides， the more literary books we read， the greater our writing ability will become.
Not only can they bring us
fun