Unit 4 Lesson 20
【悟情境·知考点】
考点1 each的用法
情境呈现
In our classroom,each student planted a seed in a small pot. Every day, we took turns watering them and watching them grow. Each seed sprouted into a different type of plant, showing us the variety of life. This project taught us responsibility and the importance of caring for living things. Watching each plant grow was a magical experience for us all.
考点精讲
(1)each为形容词,意为“每一个”,修饰可数名词的单数,表示两个或两个以上的人或物中的每一个,强调个体。
·Each summer a new batch of students tries to find work.每年夏天都有新的一批学生要找工作。
(2)every为形容词,意为“每一个”,修饰可数名词的单数,表示三个或三个以上的人或物中的每一个,强调整体。
·He had every reason to be angry.他完全有理由感到愤怒。
(3)each为代词,意为“每一个”,可单独使用,也可以与介词of连用,后接名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
·There aren’t enough books for everyone to have one each.没有足够的书给每人发一本。
·Each of the answers is worth 20 points.每道题为20分。
注意:
each不能与almost、nearly或not连用;而every可以与almost、nearly或not连用。
·Such a thing can be found almost every day although it is against international laws.这样的事情虽然违反国际法,但几乎每天都会发生。
任务1 巩固each的用法
子任务1 根据语境填入适当的词
1.Each us has our own choice.
子任务2~3 中译英
2.我们是不一样的人,而且每个人都有其特点。
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3.在这个话题上我们每个人都有一些话讲。
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子任务4 用所给词的正确形式填空
4.Look! Each of the cars (be) different.
考点2 a number of的用法
情境呈现
In our class project on animals, we discovered a number of interesting facts about dolphins. For example, they use a unique whistle to communicate with each other, which is like having their own names. They also show signs of self-awareness and problem-solving skills. Learning about dolphins has made our class more curious about the mysteries of the animal world.
考点精讲
(1)a number of意为“若干;许多”。“a number of+可数名词的复数”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。
·It may take a number of attempts, but it is worth keeping at it.可能要试几次,但还是值得坚持的。
·There are a number of different points of view on this issue.在这个问题上意见纷纭。
(2)the number of意为“……的数量”。“the number of+可数名词的复数”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
·The number of people who fail each year is now in single figures.每年考试不及格的学生现在不足十人。
任务2 巩固a number of的用法
子任务1~2 根据语境填入适当的词
1.He made number of rude remarks about the food.
2. number of workers in this company is 1 000.
子任务3 中译英
3.雇员人数从40人减少到了25人。
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子任务4~5 用所给词的正确形式填空
4.The number of people invited to attend the party last night (be) small.
5.A number of people (come) here to do the work every day.
参考答案
Lesson 20
任务1
1.of
2.We are different and each of us is special.
3.Each of us has got something to say on the subject.
4.is
任务2
1.a 2.The
3.The number of employees was reduced from 40 to 25.
4.was 5.comeUnit 4 Lesson 22
【悟情境·知考点】
考点1 loud的用法
情境呈现
At the school talent show, everyone expected the music band to play loud rock music. Instead, they surprised us with a beautiful and soft melody that drew everyone’s attention. After their performance, the applause was loud and enthusiastic. It showed us that sometimes, a quiet beginning can lead to a loud and successful ending.
考点精讲
(1)loud作形容词时,意为“大声的;喧哗的”;作副词时,意为“大声地”,常与too、very、so等词连用,有比较级形式,放在所修饰的动词之后。
·They were wakened by a loud knocking at the door.他们被一阵很响的敲门声吵醒。
·That music is too loud—please turn it down.那音乐太吵了,请把音量调低一点。
(2)短语in a loud voice意为“高声地”;in a low voice意为“低声地”。
·Say what you feel in a low voice, not in a loud voice.小声说你的感受,不要大声说。
拓展延伸
(1)aloud为副词,意为“大声地;出声地”,强调出声,能让人听见,没有比较级形式,常位于read、cry、call、shout等动词之后。
·The teacher listened to the children reading aloud.老师听着孩子们朗读。
·He did not express his thoughts aloud.他并没有把他的想法大声地说出来。
(2)loudly为副词,意为“大声地;响亮地”,可以指人声、敲门声或其他各种声音,强调声音高、吵闹、不悦耳等。
·She went straight up to the door and knocked loudly.她径直走到门前大声敲门。
任务1 巩固loud的用法
子任务1 根据语境填入适当的词
1.“I didn’t graduate from a famous college,” she told me a low voice.
子任务2 中译英
2.在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。
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子任务3~4 用所给词的正确形式填空
3.You’ll have to speak (loud)—I can’t hear you.
4.He shouted so (loud) that the whole neighbourhood could hear him.
考点2 awake的用法
情境呈现
Last night, I stayed awake long past my bedtime, reading under the covers with a flashlight. The book was about a detective solving mysteries, and I couldn’t put it down. The next morning, I was sleepy but excited to share the story with my friends. Staying awake to finish that book made me feel like a detective on a late-night adventure.
考点精讲
(1)awake作形容词,意为“醒着的”,在句子中作表语或宾语补足语。
·Stand up and walk around, you will feel more awake.站起来四处走走,你会感觉更清醒。(作表语)
·The noise was keeping everyone awake.喧闹声吵得大家都睡不着。(作宾语补足语)
(2)awake作动词,意为“(使)醒来”,过去式是awoke,过去分词是awaken。wake up意为“醒来;弄醒”。
·When Tom awoke, Sid was dressed and gone.当Tom醒来时,Sid已经穿戴完走了。
·Once it feels something dangerous, it can wake up at once to take action.一旦感觉到危险,它会立刻醒来采取行动。
(3)asleep为形容词,意为“睡着的”,是awake的反义词。
·I waited until they were all fast asleep.(fast asleep=sleeping deeply)我一直等到他们都进入了梦乡。
巩固awake的用法
子任务1 中译英
1.当我父母回来的时候,我还醒着。
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子任务2~4 用所给词的正确形式填空
2.I was finding it hard to stay (wake).
3.When he (awake), he found himself alone.
4.I was rudely (awake) by the phone ringing.
参考答案
Lesson 22
任务1
1.in 2.It’s impolite to speak loudly in public.
3.louder 4.loudly
任务2
1.I was still awake when my parents came back.
2.awake 3.awoke 4.awakenUnit 4 Lesson 23
【悟情境·知考点】
考点 spread的用法
情境呈现
Our teacher started a kindness campaign in our class. She asked us to do something nice for someone and spread kindness. I helped a younger student with his homework. The next day, he shared his lunch with his friend. Soon, everyone was doing kind acts, and our school became a happier place. Kindness spread like sunshine, warming everyone’s heart.
考点精讲
(1)spread为动词,意为“张开;扩展”。其过去式与过去分词均为spread,动词-ing形式是spreading。
·The black clouds had spread and covered the entire sky.乌云铺开,遮蔽了整个天空。
·She spread her arms and the child ran towards her.她张开双臂,孩子向她跑来。
(2)spread也可作名词,意为“传播;扩散;散布”。
·Doctors are worried about the possible spread of the disease.医生担心这种疾病可能会蔓延。
· I saw them spreading those lies.我曾目睹他们散布谎言。
任务 巩固spread的用法
子任务1~2 中译英
1.晚饭前妈妈在桌子上铺了一块布。
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2.由于风很大,火势迅速蔓延。
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子任务3~4 用所给词的正确形式填空
3. (spread) some butter on the bread and it will be more delicious.
4.Since the 1980s, the research (spread) home and abroad.
参考答案
Lesson 23
任务
1.Mum spread a cloth on the table before dinner.
2.The fire spread very rapidly because the wind was strong.
3.Spread 4.has spreadUnit 4 Lesson 24
【悟情境·知考点】
考点 try doing sth. 的用法
情境呈现
Emma was scared to ride her bike without training wheels. Her dad suggested, “Try doing it with me holding the back.” At first, she wobbled and fell. But she kept trying. Each time, she felt a little braver. Finally, she pedaled all on her own. She shouted,“I’m doing it!” Emma learned that trying something new, even if it’s scary at first, can lead to great joy and pride in what we can accomplish.
考点精讲
(1)try doing sth.意为“尝试做某事”。
·You should try swimming and it’s really fun!你应该试着游泳,这真的很有趣!
(2)try to do sth.意为“努力做某事;设法做某事”。
·You should try to exercise regularly for better health.你应该试着定期锻炼以改善健康。
(3)try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。
· I will try my best to finish the project in time.我将尽力准时完成这个项目。
任务 巩固try doing sth. 的用法
子任务1 中译英
1.我想在寒假期间尝试滑雪。
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子任务2~4 用所给词的正确形式填空
2.He tried (finish) the work ahead of time.
3.She tried her best (calm) down, but she failed.
4.Try (keep) a diary about your problems and the possible causes.
参考答案
Lesson 24
任务
1.I want to try skiing during the winter vacation.
2.to finish 3.to calm 4.keepingUnit 4 Lesson 21
【悟情境·知考点】
考点1 make one’s living的用法
情境呈现
My uncle is a famous painter who has travelled the world with his art. He always says, “I’ve made my living by doing what I love most.” Every stroke of his brush tells a story of his adventures and dreams. His studio is filled with colours and canvases, showing that following your passion can lead to a fulfilling life.
考点精讲
make one’s living意为“谋生”,与make a living意思相近。
·You can make a living by doing something that you love.你可以通过做一些你喜欢的事情来谋生。
·The boy made his living by selling newspapers.男孩靠卖报维持生活。
拓展延伸
make the bed铺床;make money挣钱;make trouble惹麻烦;make sure确保;make a decision做决定;make a mistake犯错误。
·We can’t make money at the cost of the environment.我们不能以牺牲环境为代价来挣钱。
·Sometimes they make trouble, but sometimes they can help us.有时他们会制造麻烦,但有时他们可以帮助我们。
任务1 巩固make one’s living的用法
子任务1~2 根据语境填入适当的词
1.They haven’t made decision on where to spend their summer vacation.
2.I made bed and drank the orange juice he bought for me the night before.
子任务3~4 中译英
3.他别无选择,只能在街头表演挣钱。
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4.该地区的农民靠养猪为生。
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子任务5~6 用所给词的正确形式填空
5.I (make) my living by making shoes.
6.I’ve asked to see all the facts and figures before I make a (decide).
考点2 admit的用法
情境呈现
During a soccer match, I accidentally tripped a player from the other team. At first, I was scared to admit it was my fault. But seeing him hurt made me feel guilty. I apologized to him and the referee. Admitting my mistake didn’t just help him feel better but it also made me feel stronger and more honest.
考点精讲
(1)admit为动词,意为“承认;准许……加入/进入;被录取”。
admit (to) sth.意为“承认某事”。
·The boy admitted to the thing.男孩承认了那件事。
admit doing sth.意为“承认做某事”。
·She admits being strict with her children.她承认对自己的孩子很严厉。
admit to sb.意为“向某人承认”。
I couldn’t admit to my parents that I was finding the course difficult.我无法向父母实话实说,我觉得这门课程很难。
admit+that从句
·I admit (that) I still have a lot of things to learn.我承认我还有很多东西要学。
(2)admission为名词,意为“准许进入;门票费;承认”。
·He made an admission that he was the thief.他承认他是贼。
·Hospital admission is not necessary in most cases.大多数情况下,病人无须住院。
任务2 巩固admit的用法
子任务1~2 根据语境填入适当的词
1.He was admitted the University of London at the age of 15.
2.He will never admit me that he is lazy.
子任务3 中译英
3.这个男孩承认打破了窗户。
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子任务4~5 用所给词的正确形式填空
4.The show will be open to the public at 2 p.m. (admit) will be $5.
5.Later, he (admit) that the payments had indeed been made.
参考答案
Lesson 21
任务1
1.a 2.the
3.He had no choice but to perform on the streets to make money.
4.The farmers in this area make a living by raising pigs.
5.made 6.decision
任务2
1.to 2.to
3.The boy admitted breaking the window.
4.Admission 5.admittedUnit 4 Lesson 19
【悟情境·知考点】
考点1 compare的用法
情境呈现
In science class, we did an experiment to compare plants grown in sunlight with those grown in the dark. Each group took care of their plants, recording their growth. The sunlight plants were tall and green, while the dark plants were pale and weak. This comparison showed us the vital role sunlight plays in plants’ life.
考点精讲
compare为及物动词,意为“比较”,后面接宾语。
·The point of the lesson is to compare the two countries.本课的目的是比较这两个国家。
常用搭配为“compare...with...”,意为“把……和……比较”。
·We carefully compared the first report with the second.我们仔细比较了第一份报告和第二份报告。
“compare...to...”意为“把……和……比较”时,相当于“compare...with...”;也意为“把……比作……”,常表示异类比较,含有比喻之意。
·Let’s compare this picture with/to that one. 让我们把这张照片和那张比较一下。
·People often compare teachers to candles. 人们经常把老师比作蜡烛。
任务1 巩固compare的用法
子任务1~2 根据语境填入适当的词
1.His progress at school has been great compared his brother.
2.I can only compare the experience falling in love.
子任务3 中译英
3.孩子们经常被比喻成早晨八九点钟的太阳。
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子任务4 用所给词的正确形式填空
4.It’s much easier (compare) with last time.
考点2 effort的用法
情境呈现
Our basketball team worked hard all season. Every practice was filled with effort and determination. We ran drills, practiced our shots, and learned to work as a team. In the beginning, we lost many games, but we didn’t give up. Our effort paid off when we won our first game. It taught us that effort and teamwork could lead to success.
考点精讲
effort为名词,意为“精力;努力”。
·The local clubs are making every effort to interest more young people.地方俱乐部正在尽一切努力吸引更多的年轻人。
·Of course you’re going to want to work harder and put the time and effort into it.你当然会想要更努力地工作并为此付出时间和精力。
常用搭配为make an effort to do sth.意为“努力做某事”;put effort into sth.意为“为某事付出努力”;spare no effort to do sth.意为“不遗余力地做某事”;without effort意为“毫不费力地”。
·We should make an effort to learn something new everyday.我们应该每天努力去学一点新东西。
·We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
·Dad wants me to put more effort into my school work.爸爸希望我多花些心思在学业上。
任务2 巩固effort的用法
子任务1~2 根据语境填入适当的词
1.As long as you put effort study, you’ll make progress.
2.Life is a continuous process of fighting and one cannot achieve success effort.
子任务3 中译英
3.你应该努力提高你的阅读能力。
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子任务4~5 用所给词的正确形式填空
4.Everybody should make an effort (reduce) pollution.
5.We must spare no effort (solve) the problem.
参考答案
Lesson 19
任务1
1.with/to 2.to
3.Children are often compared to the sun at eight or nine in the morning.
4.compared
任务2
1.into 2.without
3.You should make an effort to improve your reading ability.
4.to reduce 5.to solve
