Module 5 Travel abroad Unit 9 Where will you go？（讲义+练习，无答案）

Part 3 Grammar
不定代词
定义：
不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。不定代词不能明确指代任何特定的人、事物或数量。不定代词指代的是模糊的、不明确的对象或数量。
常用不定代词：
some（something，somebody，someone），any（anything，anybody，anyone）， no（nothing，nobody，no one）， every（everything，everybody，everyone），all，each，both，many，much，（a）few，（a）little，other（s），another，none，one，either， neither等。
三、基本用法
1. 不定代词大都可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语，起着名词和形容词的作用。
例如：
Both of them are doctors. 他们两人都是医生。（作主语）
I saw nothing in the box. 我看到盒子里什么也没有。（作宾语）
It is something strange. 那是很奇怪的事情。（作表语）
There is a little juice in the glass. 玻璃杯里有一些果汁。（作定语）
Could you come a little earlier （不同提法，a little可以理解为相当于副词作状语）
2. 如果主语是不定代词some-（something，somebody，someone），any-（anything，anybody，anyone）， No-（nothing，nobody，no one）， every-（everything，everybody，everyone-），a (little), less, , much, one，another，nobody, nothing, neither, each，either 等时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：
There is little water in the glass. Please bring me more. 杯子里没有水了，请再给我取点。
Nobody is ready to help me. 没有人准备帮我。
3. 如果主语是several，both, many，（a）few，others 等时谓语动词用复数。
例如：
Both of them are doctors. 他们两个都是医生。
4. 如果主语是all, none, some, any, such, more, most等时谓语动词用单数或复数要根据实际情况而定。　
例如：
All the books are mine. 所有这些书都是我的。
All is white on the island now.　现在这个岛上一片白茫茫。
Some books are very interesting. 一些书很有趣。
There is some sugar in the bowl. 碗里有一些糖。　
注意事项
1. some和any的区别
some多用于肯定句，意为“一些”，修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词均可。它还可修饰单数可数名词，意为“某一”。
any通常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句，修饰单数或复数可数名词以及不可数名词均可。它还可用于肯定句，意为“任何的”。
some也用在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，以及表示反问的问句中。
例如：
Are there any students in the classroom 教室里有学生吗？
Would you like some chicken？你想吃点鸡肉吗？
I read about it in some book. 我曾在某一本书中读到过它。
If there is any news about my lost car, please call me at once.
如果有我丢失的小汽车的任何消息，请立刻通知我。
Is there any money with you 你身上带钱了吗？
You can get it at any shop. 你可以在任何一家商店买到它。
You can come here any time. 你什么时候来都行。
2. 四组相关的不定代词的区别
A. both,和all
both表示“两个都”，修饰复数可数名词，统指两者。
all表示“全部，所有的”，指三者或三者以上的人或物，根据实际选用单数和复数。
例如：
Both of them are my students. 他们两个都是我的学生。
They both made some progress. 他们两个都有进步。
All the students come to see her. 所有的学生都来看她了。
All of the money has been spent. 钱都花完了。
We are all for you. 我们都支持你。
Say all you know and say it without reserve. 知无不言，言无不尽。
B. no, neither, none, no one =nobody
no“不”，形容词，修饰可数名词单数、复数以及不可数名词。
neither“两者中哪个都不”，两个人或物中间没有一个，用做单数。
none“没有一个人或东西”，它既可用复数指两个以上的人或物，又可用做单数指不可数名词。相当于数字，回答How many/much。
No one =nobody 指代“人”。回答Who。
例如：
Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待。
either表示“两者中的任何一个”。
any表示“三者或三者以上中的任何一个”。
例如：
There are trees on either side of the road. 路两边都有树。
Monday or Friday Either is OK. 周一还是周五？两者都行。
You can come at any time. 你可以任何时间来。
D. each和every
each强调个体，不可用not each来表示部分否定。
every还可以表示“每隔……的；每……中的”
every强调“全体”。，而not every表示部分否定。
E.few, a few; little, a little, many, much, most
few修饰可数名词复数；意思是“没有几个”，表示否定意义。　　
（联想：没有ａ没有一个，否定）
a few修饰可数名词复数；意思是“一些”，“几个”，表示肯定意义。
（联想：有ａ就有一个，肯定）
little修饰不可数名词；意思是“没有多少”，表示否定意义。
（联想：没有ａ没有一点，否定）
a little修饰不可数名词；意思是“少量”，“一点”，表示肯定意义。
（联想：有ａ就有一点，肯定）
many意为“很多”，用于修饰可数名词复数。反义词：few
much意为“很多”，用于修饰不可数名词。反义词：little
Few seats were left. 空座不多。
Only a few students can answer this question. 只有几个学生能回答这个问题。
Few of them like him. 他们中几乎没有人喜欢他。
A few of us like him. 我们中有几个人喜欢他。
There is a little water in the glass. 杯子里还有一点水。
We have solved many of the problems. 我们已经解决了很多问题。
Much of the money has been spent. 这笔钱的大部分已经被花掉了。
We have finished much of the work. 我们已经完成了大部分的工作。
4. another, other, the other, others, the others
another的意思是one more，泛指同类中多个东西中的“另一个”。
another three apples= three more apples
other是形容词，意思是“余下的”，“另外的”。
the other指两者中的另一个。也可修饰名词。
others　泛指其他的、另外的人或物。
the others 特指其他的、另外的人或物。
例如：
This bike doesn't work, I must get another one. 这辆摩托车坏了，我该另买一辆了。
I need another three months. 我再需要三个月。
He has been to some other countries. 他也去过其他一些国家。
Where are the other students 其他学生去哪儿了？
I have two umbrellas. One is new and the other is old.
我有两把伞，一把是新的，另一把是旧的。
Others may object to this plan. 别人可能会反对这个计划。
Get into two groups. You went to the right，the others went to the left.
分为两组，你们到右边，另一部分到左边。
Steve is tallest than any of the others in his class.　史蒂夫比班上的其他（任何）人都高。
【针对练习】
单项选择。
( )1.You may come to my house_____this week______next week.
A.neither ; or B.from ; to C.either ; or D.either ; nor
( )2.The bottle is empty. There is_______ in it.
A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything
( )3.I don’t want this shirt. Please show me________.
A.others B.the others C.another D.the other
( )4.There isn’t_____ paper in the box. Will you go and get____ for me
A.any;some B.any;any C.some;some D.some;any
( )5.They were all very tired, but_____ of them would stop to take a rest.
any B.some C.none D.neither
( )6.Please keep together. We want _____ of you to get lost.
none B.some C.many D.any
( )7.—_____I finish this project this week
—No, you ____hand it. Take your time.
Can;can’t B.Must; needn’t C.May;may not D.Must;may
( )8.These shoes are too small. You may buy some_______shoes.
another B.other C.the others D.others
( )9.They are______ the same size, so you may take______half of the cake.
at; each Bin;both C.at;neither D.in;either
( )10.Betty and John have come back, but_______students in the class aren’t here yet.
A.the other B.others C.another D.the others
More Practice（语法+提高）
一、 找出划线部分发音不同的单词并将字母编号写在括号内。
( )1. A.classmate B.baby C.cake D.make
( )2.A.smile B. tennis C. bicycle D. lion
( )3. A.dragon B.some C.love D. come
( )4. A. borrow B. coke C.radio D.photo
( )5.A.minute B. much C. mushroom D. cut
二、单项选择。
( )1. Would you like ______ milk
A. some B. any C.little D. a few
( )2. All the students had gone out. There was ______ in the classroom.
A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody
( )3. Now,_______is here. Let’s begin our meeting.
A. anybody B.everybody C. nobody D. anybody
( )4.John often talks but does , so all of us think he is a good boy.
little, many B. few, fast C. less, more D. more, less
( )5.—______there____on the plate
—Yes,______only a little.
Is;any meats;and B. Are;meat;but
C. Are;any;meat D. Is;any meat;but
( )6. ___________ useful mobile phone it is!
A. What a B. How a C. What an D. What
( )7.Mrs. Smith asked her son______ too many candies.
A. to not eat B. don’t eat C. not to eat D.don’t to eat
( )8. As I know, Dick did everything ____ than his brother when they were young.
A. more careful B. as carefully C. most carefully D. more carefully
( )9. Listen! The girl_____a Russian song. She often _______ it.
A.sings; is singing B. sings;sings
C. is singing;sings D.is singing;sing
( )10. There _______ ________ on the plate.
A.is;breads B. are;breads C.is;some bread D.are; some bread
( )11. Doing lots of listening practice is one of________best ways of becoming learner.
A. the； the B. the； a C.不填；a D. the；不填
( )12. We decide to make____a rule for us room-mates to turn off the lights at 10:30 pm.
A. that B. this C.it D. one
( )13. He gave me much ____ on how to study English well when I had some trouble.
A. advice B. question C.suggestion D. problem
( )14. —How do you like the fish I cooked for you
—I haven’t had it yet. However, it good.
A. smells B. tastes C.sounds D. feels
三、完成句子。
1.___________(not eat) that apple. It’s bad.
2.Lily ___________(like) _____________(swim) very much.
3. Yunnan is a good place ___________ (go) sightseeing.
4.My father can ___________(drive) the car very well.
5.There are so many ___________ (sheep) on the farm.
四、完形填空。
John lived in a small town in England. He__1__ stayed in England for his holidays, but last year he thought, "I've never been to other__2__. All my friends went to Spain, and__3__ liked it very much, so this year I'll go there, too." First he went to the capital and stayed in a hotel__4__ a few days. On the first morning he__5__ for a walk. In England people drive on the left, __6__ in Spain they drive on the right. John__7__about this, and when he crossed a busy street, a bike knocked him down.
John__8__ on the ground for seconds and then he stood up and said, "__9__ am I "
Just then an old man selling __10__ went past him. When he heard John's words, he said to him at once, "Maps of the city, sir "
( ) 1. A. never B. seldom C. always D. sometimes
( ) 2. A. countries B. cities C. towns D. villages
( ) 3. A. he B. they C. we D. she
( ) 4. A. in B. from C. of D. for
( ) 5. A. went after B. went out C. went away D. went off
( ) 6. A. And B. So C. But D. Because
( ) 7. A. forgot B. remembered C. knew D. asked
( ) 8. A. slept B. stood C. ran D. sat
( ) 9. A. Who B. Where C. What D. How
( ) 10. A. flowers B. drinks C. maps D. tickets
五、阅读。
A
Xian Xinghai was one of the greatest musicians in China. He was born in Panyu, Guangzhou, in 1905. His father died before he was born. Xian Xinghai was very good at playing the violin. He began to play the violin very late when he was more than twenty years old. He went to study at a music school in Paris in 1934. He died in 1945. In his short life he wrote(写) about three hundred songs. The most famous song was the Yellow River.
( ) 1. Xian Xinghai was a great musicians in China.
( ) 2. Xian Xinghai was born in 1934.
( ) 3. Xian Xinghai began to play the violin before he was twenty years old.
( ) 4. Xian Xinghai wrote about three hundred songs.
( ) 5. Xian Xinghai’s most famous song was the Yellow River.
B
Americans usually eat three meals a day. Breakfast usually comes before eight o'clock in the morning. They usually have eggs, some meat, bread, fruit juice and coffee. Lunch is between twelve and one o'clock. It is like a light meal and working people take lunch with them or get it near workplace.
Children in school take sandwiches, fruit, and cookies with them or eat in school. Supper, the main meal, is between six and eight in the evening. People cook it carefully. They may have meal or chicken, turkey and duck. They may all have potatoes or rice, vegetables or salad. The drink is coffee, tea or milk. Then comes the dessert.
( ) 6. Americans have breakfast________.
A. after eight o'clock B. at eight o'clock
C. before eight o'clock in the morning D. in the morning
( ) 7._______ is the most important meal in a day.
A. Breakfast B. Lunch C. Meals D. Supper
( ) 8. What does"light" mean in Chinese
A. 重的 B. 有用的 C. 轻的 D. 不太重要的
( ) 9. Americans usually have breakfast and supper at_________.
A. home B. office C. in school D. work place
( ) 10. When American have supper, _______ comes last.
A. drink B. meat C. dessert D. vegetables