Unit 5 Good manners Vocabulary 导学单（4课时） 牛津译林版英语八年级下册
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| 名称 | Unit 5 Good manners Vocabulary 导学单（4课时） 牛津译林版英语八年级下册 |  | |
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8A Unit 5 Good manners
Vocabulary
【学习目标】
了解各种礼仪知识。
2.用英语谈论如何在公共场所举止得体。
3.培养学生良好的行为习惯。
【基础、要点部分】
翻译下列短语或句子
1. 年龄够大去了解礼仪 ___________________ 2. 和别人分享你的东西_____________________
3. 打断别人 ___________________________4. 到处扔垃圾 ___________________________
5. 让水龙头开着_______________________6. 在图书馆里保持安静 __________________________
7. 在公园摘花_____________________ 8. 遵守交通规则_____________________________
9. 排队等候_______________________ 10. 保持图书馆干净 ____________________________
11．活到老，学到老________________________________________
manners (复数)礼貌，礼仪；规矩
have good manners有礼貌 have bad manners没有礼貌 table manners餐桌礼仪
e.g. It’s good manners to keep your voice down in public.在公共场合小声说话是有礼貌的。
【拓展】有些名词单数形式和复数形式表达的意思有所不同。
manner方式—manners礼貌，礼仪 time时间—times时代 good好处—goods商品
work工作—works作品 wood木头—woods树林 people人们—peoples民族
politely adv.礼貌地
我们应该有礼貌地和老年人说话。
【拓展】polite adj.礼貌的 可作定语、表语等，名词形式为politeness, 意为“礼貌，客套”
be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌
学生们对他们的老师很有礼貌。
反义词impolite adj.不礼貌的 impolitely adv.不礼貌地
pick vt. ①采，摘(花朵、果实等)
e.g. Even picking things can be hard work.甚至摘东西也可能是艰苦的工作。
②挑选 e.g. The boy picked the best present for his mother.这个男孩为他的妈妈挑选了最好的礼物。
【拓展】pick up拾起，捡起；(用车)接(人) 若代词作宾语应放在pick与up之间
他捡起了钢笔。
I’ll come to .我会来接你。
obey ①vt.遵守，顺从，服从
You should .你应该遵守校规。
e.g. We must obey orders.我们必须服从命令。
②vi.遵守，顺从，服从
e.g. He is very naughty. He doesn't like to obey.他很顽皮，不喜欢服从。
【拓展】反义词disobey v.违反
queue ①vi.(人、车等)排队等候 其ing形式为queuing或queueing
e.g. Please queue up for a bus.请排队等候公共汽车。
②(可数名词)队，行列
stand in a queue 排队 jump the queue插队
turn n.轮流，(轮流的)顺序
It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了。 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事
in turn 依次地，轮流地 by turns 轮流地，交替地
now.现在轮到你读了。
Penguin parents go to the ocean for food.企鹅父母轮流去海里觅食。
Please answer the question .请依次回答这个问题。
When John had a fever, he felt cold and hot .约翰发烧时忽冷忽热。
close
①（读/kl s/）adj.亲密的；严密的 表示关系或情感上的“亲近的”，可作定语或表语
close to 与……关系亲密
her mother. 她和母亲的关系很亲密。
②（读/kl s/）adj.接近的，靠近的 表示距离上近
close to 离……近
The factory .这家工厂离学校很近。
③（读/kl z/）vt.关闭
e.g. Please close the window. 请关上窗户。
conversation n.交谈，谈话 一般指非正式的谈话
have a conversation with sb. 和某人交谈 get into (a) conversation with sb.开始与某人攀谈
a conversation about... 关于……的谈话
e.g. I had a long conversation with her yesterday.昨天我和她作了一次长谈。
avoid vt.避免 后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语
the traffic at rush hours. 你们最好避开交通高峰期。
It's not easy to .避免犯错误时不容易的。
( ) —Does the colour red represent good things in Chinese culture
—Yes. But writing one’s name in red is not good, and we usually it.
A.avoid B.advise C.allow D.accept
behave vi.&vt.表现 behavior n.行为；举止；态度，表现方式
e.g. He behaved well in class.他在课堂上表现得很好。
public ①n.民众，群体 in public 公开地，在别人面前
e.g. Is the park open to the public 这个公园向大众开放吗？
I don't like to make a speech .我不喜欢当众发表演讲。
②adj.公共的，公开的
e.g. You can use the public telephone on the roadside.你可以使用路边的公用电话。
push in 插队，加塞 （美cut in）
You shouldn’t / before us.你不应该在我们前面插队。
push ①vi.推，挤 反义词pull，拉
②vt.按；推 e.g. Push the elevator buttom.按电梯按钮。
③n.推；努力 e.g. Tom is swinging. Please give him a push.汤姆在荡秋千，请推他一下。
bump ①vi.撞，碰 常与介词against, into连用 bump into撞上；偶然碰见
e.g. He bumped against the door.他撞到门上了。
②vt.(尤指身体部位)碰上，撞上
e.g. Be careful not to bump your head on the wall.当心头别撞到墙。
③(可数名词)碰撞(声)，撞击(声)；(因碰撞而引起的)肿块
e.g. There is a bump on his head.他的头上有肿块。
in one’s way 挡住某人的路 in the way 妨碍，挡道
A group of sheep are .一群绵羊挡住了我们的路。
【拓展】on one's way to 在某人去……的路上
I met Tom .在上学的路上，我遇见了汤姆。
touch ①vt.触摸，碰 e.g. Don’t touch the teapot. It’s too hot.别碰茶壶，它太烫了。
②vt.触动，感动 e.g. His story touched me deeply. 他的故事使我深受感动。
③(可数名词)触摸，碰 通常用单数形式 e.g. The bubble breaks at a touch.肥皂泡一碰就破。
【拓展】keep/stay in touch (with sb.) (与某人)保持联系
你想与她保持联系吗？
discussion n.讨论
have a discussion about sth.就某事进行讨论 have a discussion with sb.与某人进行讨论
e.g. The question is now under discussion.这个问题现在在讨论中。
【拓展】discuss vt.讨论 discuss sth. with sb. 与某人讨论某事
你可以和他们讨论这个问题。
After a heated (讨论), the headmasters from different schools reached an agreement.
express vt.表达 expression n. 表达，表情，措辞
express oneself 表达自己的想法/意思
e.g. I expressed my thanks to him. 我向他表达了谢意。
You can freely. 你可以畅所欲言。
explain ①vt.解释 其后可跟名词、代词或从句。explanation n.解释
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 【注意】不能说explain sb. sth.
Our English teacher clearly.我们英语老师总是把事情给我们解释得很清楚。
②vi.解释，说明 e.g. Why didn’t you let him explain 你为什么不让他解释一下呢？
keep sb./sth. from... 保护某人/某物免受……；阻止某人/某物……
Sunglasses can .太阳镜能使我们的眼睛免受阳光伤害。
The heavy rain .大雨使我们不能外出。
【拓展】stop...from doing ... = prevent...from doing... = keep...from doing... 阻止……做……
No one can creating wonders.没有人能阻止我们创造奇迹。
warn vt.警告，告诫
①warn sb. 警告/告诫某人
②warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人(不要)做某事
We with fire.我们警告他不要玩火。
③warn sb. of/about sth. 警告某人某事；提醒某人注意某事
e.g. The police warned the children of/about the danger.警察提醒孩子们注意危险。
④warn sb. against donig sth. 警告/告诫某人不要做某事
The doctor .医生告诫我父亲不要吸烟。
【拓展】warning n.警示，警告 a warning message警告消息 a warning sign警告标志
【辨析】
sometime (在)某时 表示过去或将来不确定的某个时间点，用when提问
some time 一段时间 表示时间段，用how long提问
sometimes 有时 表示频率，用how often提问
some times 几次，几倍 表示次数或倍数，用how many times提问
【注意】some time还可表示“在某时”，此时与sometime同义
e.g. I’ll go to Germany sometime/some time this year. 今年某个时候我要去德国。
risk ①vt.冒险做 其后可跟名词或动词-ing形式
risk doing sth.冒险做某事 risk one’s life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事
Can you ？你会冒着生命危险去救人吗？
②n.冒险举动，风险 the risk of... ……的风险
Being overweight can increase heart disease.超重会增加患心脏病的风险。
purpose n.目的
the purpose of... ……的目的 on purpose故意地，有意地
putting up a sign is to people. 竖起告示牌的目的是警告人们。
I did it .我故意那样做。
above all 首先
above 首先，首要的是 强调需特别对待，类似于especially
first of all 首先，第一 表示次序，相当于at first
after all 毕竟，终究，到底 表示一种让步语气
，make sure you keep in touch. 首要的是，你们一定要保持联系。
，cut the apples up.首先，把苹果切碎。
He is a child . 他毕竟是个孩子。
【拓展巩固部分】
一、完型填空
Now more and more people would like to visit Tibet( 西藏 ). What would you do if you go to 1 a Tibetan family Here are some tips for you.
First when you are 2 the house don't step on the doorsill ( 门槛） . And when you talk with them you may add "la" behind their names to show 3 respect ( 尊重 ) and kindness. Remember not to touch the top of the head of the Tibetans. It's not 4 .
Then if they ask you to take a seat you may 5 cross-legged. Don't let your soles ( 鞋底 ) touch others. Tibetan people are friendly. During the meal they 6 like to have a drink when they have dinner with friends.
For the Tibetans sticking out the tongue means expressing their respect for 7 . If they put their palms( 手掌 ) together it 8 the best wish for you.
Use 9 hands to receive gifts. Hada the white scarf is the symbol of good luck. Presenting it is the greatest etiquette ( 礼节 ) 10 Tibetan people. So you should bend ( 弯 ) your body when receiving it.
Wish you a good time in a Tibetan family.
( ) 1. A. have B. visit C. leave D. see
( ) 2. A. entering B. building C. buying D. enjoying
( ) 3. A. its B. our C. your D. wild
( ) 4. A. strange B. wild C. happy D. polite
( ) 5. A. sit B. lie C. stand D. run
( ) 6. A. never B. always C. seldom D. still
( ) 7. A. them B. other C. another D. others
( ) 8. A. calls B. asks C. means D. joins.
( ) 9. A. both B. all C. no D. each
( )10. A. across B. among C. after D. about
二、信息还原
A: Would you like to go to Hong Kong with me for the action, Mary
B: 1 But where will we stay
A: At my aunt's. I always stay with her. 2
B: OK. But will she mind
A: Of course not. 3
B: Will we drive to Hong Kong
A: Yes, it takes about a few hours.
B: 4
A: It may be cold and rainy these days. We'd better take our jackets.
B: OK. 5
A: How about Saturday morning
B: No problem. See you.
A.Who will invite you to go there B. I have no idea. C. Yes, I would like to. D. She's looking forward to meeting you. E. What will the weather be like F. There's a room for you, too. G. When will we leave then
1_______ 2______ 3_______ 4_______ 5_______
8A Unit 5 Good manners
Reading
【学习目标】
能读懂有关英国礼仪习惯的采访
2、通过阅读，了解不同国家的礼仪习惯
【基础部分】
词组
1.握手____________________2.第一次见某人____________________
3.以亲吻的方式打招呼________________________4.插队_____________________________
5.避免…的话题_______________________6.在公共场合举止有礼貌__________________________
7.碰撞到某人___________________________8.挡住某人的路____________________________
9.从某人身边挤过去_________________________10.偶然__________________________
【课前导学】
◆a. Do Part B1 on P68.
◆b.通过预习，了解本课时的单词、短语、句型（英汉互译）。
conversation n.___________2.avoid vt.___________3. behave vi. & vt._________
___________n.民众，群众 5. ___________公开地 6. ___________n.谚语，格言
7.___________与某人握手 8. ____________插队，加塞 9. _______挡住某人的路
10. 英国人只用亲吻的方式问候亲朋好友。_______________________________.
11. They think it is rude to push in before others.
_________________________________________________________________
12. British people are very polite at home as well, aren’t they
____________________________________________________________________
13. Keep your voice down in public.
____________________________________________________________________
14. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”
_____________________________________________________________________
【课中探究】
Check the preview. Check the answers to Part B1 and the phrases above.
Skimming: Read the article quickly and answer the questions.
Who is Daniel talking to What is the conversation about
Listen to the tape and finish B3 on page 69.
Scanning:Read the dialogue carefully and then finish B2 on page 68.
Read the conversation again carefully and fill in the blanks to summarize the good manners in the UK.
Good manners
How to greet people
How to start a conversation
How to behave in public
How to behave at home
Conclusion
Talk about the differences in manners between the UK and China. Work in pairs and discuss the question in Part C on page 69.
【要点部分】
What’s the proper way to greet people there, Jenny
proper adj. 符合习俗的；正确的
greet v. 问候；打招呼 greeting n. 问候，招呼 greetings n. 问候的话，贺词
greet sb. 和某人打招呼 greet sb. with 以……(方式)跟某人打招呼
( ) He greets his old friend _____ a huge.
A .with B. on C. for D. to
British people say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time.
shake sb’s hand= shake hands with sb. 与某人握手 (shake-shook-shaken)
他们与我握手然后坐下了。
They _______________=________________ and sat down.
( )____ is one way to greet people in many countries.
Shake hand B. Shaking hands C. Shaking your hand D. Shake hands
British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss.
close adj. （关系）亲密的 be close to （距离）靠近…
这家商店离学校很近。___________________________________.
But please avoid subjects like age, weight or money.
avoid vt.避免 avoid sth. 避免某事 avoid doing sth.避免做某事
你应该避免上学迟到。_________________________________.
Do people there behave politely in public
behave v. 表现
in public= in public places公开地；当众；在公众场所
我们不应该在公共场所抽烟。We shouldn’t smoke ____________.
They think it’s rude to push in before others.
It is + adj. + (for sb.) + to do sth. （对某人来说，）做某事是...的
push in 插队，加塞，美国人常用“cut in”
7. If they bump into someone in the street, they will say “sorry”.
bump into sb./sth. 撞上；偶然碰见 =meet/hit sb./sth. by accident
8．If you’re in their way, they won’t touch you or push past you.
in one’s way 挡住某人的路 in the way挡道
in a adj. way 用一种...的方式 lose one’s way = get lost 迷路
by the way 顺便问一下 on one’s way to…在某人去……的路上
( )If you are not going to help, at least don’t get __________.
in the way B. on the way C. by the way D. to the way
British people are very polite at home as well.
as well 一般不用否定句，通常放在句末，强调时可放在句中；
too 语气较轻，多用于口语，在肯定句中使用，通常位于句末，之前加逗号；
also 比too正式一些，语气较重，只用于肯定句，一般紧靠动词；
either 用于否定句，放在句末，之前加逗号。
1). She likes listening to pop music and I like it ______.
2). She likes listening to pop music and I like it, ______.
3). I ____ like listening to pop music.
4). ---I won’t go anywhere for May Day holiday.
--- Me, ______.
as well as 还有
吉姆喜欢物理，他的妹妹也喜欢物理。_____________________.
吉姆喜欢物理还有生物。_____________________.
10 . Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”
saying n. 谚语；格言
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。
【巩固提高部分】
一、 根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词
1. He __________ (推) the door open and looked inside.
2. The park now is open to the _________ (民众).
3. They planted trees to ________ (避免) soil being washed away.
4. The whole house _______ (颤动) when a train goes past.
5. You had better speak _________ (大声地) when you give a speech.
6. They like to start a ___________ (会话) with subjects like the weather, holidays, music or books.
二、根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空
1. When in Rome, do as the ___________ (Rome) do.
2. “Where there is a will, there is a way” is a _________ (say).
3. Mr Li is polite enough _________ (wait) without getting angry.
4. It is rude __________ (walk) on the grass in the park.
5. Simon lives in a big family. But he doesn’t know all his ___________ (relative) names.
6. Learning more about manners in the UK is _________ (help) to us.
7. What’s the __________ (mean) of the Chinese words I don’t know, either.
三、翻译句子
1. 今天我已邀请了King先生谈论美国的礼仪。
Today we _____ _______ Mr King _______________________________.
2. 有时我们中国人以拥抱的方式问候亲戚或亲密的朋友。
Sometimes we Chinese _______________________________a hug.
3. 在这儿等我回来。
_______________________________ come back.
4. 请将这把椅子拿开。它挡了我的路。
Please move away this chair. It is _______________________________.
5. 在许多国家，人们习惯和新朋友握手。
In many countries, people _______________________________ their new friends.
四、阅读理解
What do you think of "double reduction" Our readers from Teens
have different ideas. Here are four of them.
Shen Yuzhe, 13, Beijing The "double reduction" really helps me. Our homework is less than before. I can finish it at school. I"m also happy to find that there are fewer exams.
Zhang Hangming, 13, Tianjin The best thing about the "double reduction" is that we have more time to do after-school activities such as dancing, volleyball and cooking. I can also learn a lot of things.
Yu Zhiyue, 14, Jiangsu With the "double reduction", I have really got less homework to do. But I need to take an online class on the computer at home after I come back from school. I often feel tired. But I can still have happy weekends.
Cui Ruqi, 12, Liaoning I have got more time to read books and play sports. The art subjects are becoming more important. So I need to learn music well. And I have less learning stress now.
( )1.What happens to (发生) Shen Yuzhe with the "double reduction"
A.He has less homework and fewer exams now.
B．He has more homework and exams now.
C．He has no homework and exams now.
D．He is sad to have fewer exams now.
( )2．What after-school activities does Zhang Hangming do after the "double reduction" except (除了) ________
A．dancing B．Cooking C．volleyball D．gardening
( )3．Who has to take online classes at home after coming back from school
A．Shen Yuzhe B．Yu Zhiyue C．Zhang Huangming D．Cui Ruqi
( )4．Why does Cui Ruqi need to learn music well
A．Because art is becoming more important.
B．Because art is her favourite subject.
C．Because she is good at art.
D．Because her friends learn music.
( )5．What"s the reading about
A．homework B．after-school activities
C．hobbies D．changes (变化) in students" life after the "double reduction"
五、阅读并回答问题
Hand gestures have been commonly used in our daily communication. They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures Probably not. Unsurprisingly, each of them has its special history.
Handshake Whether you’re greeting someone for the first time, or successfully reaching an agreement, shaking hands is usually the go-to gesture. Who decided on this gesture, anyway The handshake dates back to ancient Greece where it was used as a way to show peace. High Five Whether you entered the final competition or won a debate（辩论）, you were probably given or received a high five before. According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, one of the players, lifted his arm high above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a victory, marking what is widely considered as the first record of a high five. The Fist Bump The fist bump comes from boxers（拳击手）in the 1970s after people copied how they touched gloves before a competition. Later, instead of shaking hands, fist bumps became popular among basketball players. The gesture soon spread to all basketball lovers.
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。
1. What was handshake used as in ancient Greece
____________________________________________
2. What kind of sport does the high five gesture come from
____________________________________________
3. Why do people have a high five with others
____________________________________________
4. Which gesture do basketball players usually prefer
____________________________________________
5.What is the passage mainly about
___________________________________________
8A Unit 5 Good manners
Grammar
【学习目标】
学会用enough to 来描述一个人的品质和能力
2、学会用too…to来表达一个否定的结果
【要点部分】
enough to的用法
enough to后接动词原形。enough常构成如下句型：主语＋be＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.意为“某人／某物够……能……”。
He is_______ _______ _______ carry the heavy stone. 他够强壮能搬起这块很重的石头。
否定式为“主语＋be not＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.”，意为“某人／某物（不）够……而（不）能……”。
The man isn’t strong enough to carry the bag. 这个人不够强壮拿不动这个包。
Your son is_______ _______ _______ go to school. 你儿子已经到了上学的年龄了。
enough在句中可以作状语、定语和表语。如:
The house is_______ _______ _______ for us. 这房子对我们来说不够大。(作状语)
Have you got _______ _______ 你的钱够吗 (作定语)
Six bottles should _______ _______. 六瓶应该够了。(作表语)
too... to的用法
英语中too... to结构的基本形式是“be too+adj./adv.(for sb.)+to do sth.”，意为“(对某人来说)太……而不能……”，它在形式上是肯定的，但在意义上是否定的。
使用该结构时，应注意以下几点：
有时我们需要在to do sth. 的前面加上for someone，此时句中的动词必须为及物动词，若为不及物动词须再加上适当的介词。
The room is _______ _______ for us two _______ _______ _______ .
这个房间太小我们两个人住不下。
The text is _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ .
这篇课文太长我们读不了。
“too＋形容词＋ to do sth.” 可以和 “not＋该形容词的反义词＋enough＋to do sth.” 的结构转换。
The man is _______ _______ _______ do the job.
＝The man _______ _______ _______ _______ do the job.
这个人太瘦弱而不能做这项工作。
如果在too之前加上not或never，该结构就不再有否定的意义，意为“永/绝不……做某事”。如:
Chinese is not too difficult to learn. 汉语绝不难学。
One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。
【考点归纳】so...that.../ such... that.../ enough to/ too……to
so... that...句型中的so是副词，常常修饰形容词或副词，
常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句。
She is so young that she can’t look after herself. 她年纪如此小以致于没法儿照顾自己。
He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word. 他如此生气以致于说不出一句话。
在“such... that...”句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“如此……以致于……”，但当名词前有表示数量的many、much、(a) few、(a) little等词修饰时，句子中要用“so...that...”而不能用“such...that...”。例如：
He has so much money that he can buy what he wanted.
他有如此多的钱以致于能买任何他想要的东西。
[注意]如果名词是可数名词单数才要加a和an, 反过来如果是可数名词单数, 前面一定要加a或an， 结构：such a/an +adj. +n.(可数单数) = so +adj. +a/an + n.(可数单数)
She is _______ _______ _______ _______ that everyone loves her.
= She is _______ _______ _______ _______ that everyone loves her.
她是如此可爱的一个女孩以致于每个人都喜欢她。
so与that也可连起来写，即变成：... so that ...(以便 / 为了……)，引导目的状语从句。例如：
I got up early so that I could catch the early bus. 我起的很早以便能赶上早班车。
Please open the window_______ _______ we can breathe fresh air. 请打开窗户以便我们能呼吸到新鲜空气。
以“so...that”引导的结果状语从句可以转换为“...enough to...”或“...too...to”句型，但这种转换必须符合下列条件：
当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可用“enough to do sth.”来转换。
The man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.
→ The man is strong enough to lift the heavy box.
(2) He was so clever that he can understand what I said.
→ He was _______ _______ _______ _______ what I said.
2. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可以用“enough for sb. to do sth.”来替换，但须注意不定式的宾语要省略。例如：
(1) The question is so easy that I can work it out.
→ The question is easy enough for me to work out.
(2) The box is so light that he can carry it.
→ The box is light _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ .
3. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是否定句时，可以用“too...to”来替换。例如：
(1) The girl is so young that she can’t dress herself. → The girl is too young to dress herself.
(2) I was so tired that I couldn’t go on with the work. → I was _______ _______ _______ go on with the work.
4. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是否定时，如果要用“too...to...”替换“so...that...”，则用介词for引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以用“too...for sb. to do sth.”来替换，注意不定式的宾语要省略。
(1) The bag is so heavy that she can’t move it. → The bag is too heavy for her to move.
(2) It is so hot that we can’t sleep. → It is _______ hot _______ _______ _______ sleep.
5. 当that引导的从句为否定式时，若从句主语与主句主语相同, so．．．that可转换为enough to的否定结构；若从句主语与主句主语不相同时，so．．．that可转换为 enough for sb to do的否定结构。注意：转换后的形容词（副词）要用其相应的反义词。例如：
(1) The man is so old that he can’t go to work．→ The man isn’t young enough to go to work
(2) The desk is so heavy that I can’t move it．→ The desk isn’t _______ enough for me _______ _______．
6. enough to的句式为否定式时，enough to可以转换为too．．．to结构。但转换后的too．．．to结构中的形容词（副词）要用其相应的反义词。例如：
(1) He is not old enough to do the job. → He is too young to do the job.
(2)Tom didn’t walk slowly enough for us to keep up with him．→Tom walked _______ _______ for us _______ keep up with him.
【拓展部分】
一．用enough....to too....to填空
1.The apple is sour.I can't eat it. The apple is_____sour for me______eat
2. The questions were very easy, We could answer them The questions were _____easy for us______answer
3. The maths paper is difficult.I can't pass.
The maths paper is _______difficult for me________pass.
4. He is very clever. He can answer all the questions He is clever______ ________answer all the questions.
5. The stereo is loud. I can hear it.
The stereo is loud______for me________hear
6. The car is expensive. We can't buy it. The car is______expensive for us________buy.
7. He is very old. He can't walk. He is _______old________walk
8. I'm very tired. I can't go to the park. I'm______tired______go to the park.
二．句型转换。
1.The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out.
The problem isn’t ________ __________ _______ _______ to work out.
T he problem is______ __________ _______ _______ _______ work out.
2.The bag is too heavy for her to carry.
The bag is ________ heavy _________ she _________ _________ _______.
3.This pair of shoes is too dirty that nobody will wear it.
This pair of shoes is too dirty __________ __________ ________ ___________.
4.The boy is so young that he can’t dress himself.
The boy is________ __________ ________ ____________ ____________.
The boy isn’t _________ _____________ _________ _________ ________.
5.The girl isn’t thin enough to wear a skirt.
The girl is _______ __________ ________ she ______ _______ a skirt.
The girl is _______ ________ ________ __________ a skirt.
三、阅读表达
Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. They tried to steal（偷）her handbag while she was having a picnic at the edge（边缘）of a forest with her children. After getting the handbag, both men started running through the trees. Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after them. When she caught up with them, they sat down and were going through the bag, so she ran straight at them. The men was so afraid that they dropped the bag and ran away. “The bag needs mending,” said Mrs. Sterling later, “but they did not steal anything.”
41. How many men tried to steal Mrs. Sterling’s handbag
_____________________________________________________
42. Who was she having a picnic with
_____________________________________________________
43. Where did they run
_____________________________________________________
44. What did the men steal（偷）
_____________________________________________________
45. What do you think of Mrs. Anne Sterling
_____________________________________________________
8A Unit 5 Good manners
Task
【学习目标】
1.学会在写作前先列大纲。 2.能够根据大纲完成有关礼仪习惯的文章。
【基础部分】
完成下列词组
1.餐桌礼仪______________________ 2.讲座的目的__________________________
3.发生，举行_____________________ 4.发现他们有用_______________________________
5.坐在桌边________________________ 6.吃的规矩_______________________________
7.首要的是_______________________ 8.发出太多噪音_________________________
9.在学校礼堂_________________________ 10.确保______________________
【要点部分】
We are going to hold a talk on good table manners.
我们打算举办一场关于良好的用餐礼仪的讲座。
【用法分析】本句中hold a talk on...意为“举办一场有关...的讲座”，此处on为介词，意为“关于”
eg. The professor planned to give a talk on climate in Asia.
教授准备开展一场有关亚洲气候的讲座。
【辨析】on 与 about
on 侧重论述，较正式，多用于学术报告、专著、国际形势等方面的内容。
about 侧重叙事，多用于个人事迹、故事内容、一般书籍及内容浅显的问题等。
eg. Do you have a book the computer 你有关于电脑的书吗
eg. I have a book Lei Feng. 我有一本关于雷锋的书。
The purpose of the talk is to teach students rules for eating.
本次讲座的目的是教会学生用餐的规则。
【用法分析1】本句中 to teach students rules for eating是动词不定式作表语，表示目的；
【用法分析2】purpose n. 目的 常用短语：the purpose of sth./doing sth. 某事/做某事的目的
eg. What is the purpose of 你来访的目的是什么？
He knew my purpose of . 他知道我写这本书的目的。
【拓展】 (do sth) on purpose 故意地，有目的地(做某事)
eg. He did it on purpose, knowing it would make us angry.
他故意这么做，明知道会激怒我们
It will take place at 10 a.m. on 12 May at the school hall.
它将于5月12日上午10点在学校礼堂举行。
【用法分析】 take place 举行，发生（一般指有计划性）
eg. The concert will take place next Sunday. 下周日将举行音乐会。
eg. Where will the next Olympic Games take place 下一届奥运会在哪举办？
【辨析】happen 与 take place
happen与take place 都可以表示“发生”，但它们在用法是是有区别的。happen往往指偶然的、未能预见的客观情况的发生；take place主要指经过酝酿的事情的发生，没有“偶然”的含义。如：
eg. An accident in front of the park yesterday.
eg. Great changes in my hometown in the past five years.
Above all, when you are sitting at the table, you should...
首先，当你坐在餐桌旁时，你应该...
【用法分析1】above all 意为“首先，首要的是”。
eg. Above all, the food is for sale. 首先，这些食物是用来卖的。
【辨析】above all、first of all、after all用法
above all 首先，首要的是 强调需要特别对待，类似于especially。 Above all, make sure you keep in touch. 首要的是，你们一定要保持联系。
first of all 首先，开始，第一 表示次序，相当于at first。 First of all, make a plan for the talk. 首先，为演讲列个提纲。
after all 毕竟，终究，到底 表示一种让步语气。 He is a child after all. 他毕竟是个孩子。
【用法分析2】 at the table意为 “在桌子旁”，表示位置，意思是不一定在吃饭。
eg. He often reads newspapers at the table. 他经常在桌子旁看报纸。
【辨析】 at table“在吃饭”，其结构为：at+名词，表示状态。
eg. Tom and his parents are at table now. 汤姆和他父母现在正在吃饭。
【拓展】类似的用法还有：
go to the hospital去医院 go to hospital 去看病
in the bed在床上 in bed 睡觉，卧床
go to the school去学校 go to school 去上学
go to the church 去教堂 go to church 做礼拜
in the class在班级中 in class在上课
These rules are important because we should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table. 这些规则很重要，因为我们要确保在桌旁的客人和主人都舒适自在。
【用法分析】该句的主句为We should know these rules，后面的动词不定式是表示目的的状语，其中make sure后面跟了一个由that 引导的宾语从句。
句中的make sure意为“弄清楚；务必；确信”，其后多接that引导的宾语从句，有时也与of/about连用，后接名词短语。
eg. I make sure . 我确信我已关上了水龙头。
eg. Please make sure . 请弄清楚时间和地点。
【拓展】
be sure of...意为“对……有把握；确信”，主语常是人。
eg. He is sure of success. = He is sure that he will succeed. 他确信他会成功。
be sure to do sth.意为“一定，必然会”，主语可以是人，也可以是物，表示说话人的推测。
eg. He’ s sure to join the match. 他一定参加比赛的。
eg. It is sure to rain, I think. 我想天准会下雨的。
【拓展部分】
【书面表达】
假如你是刘哲，请你对美国交换生 Amy 的信件进行回复，词数在100词左右。
Dear Liu Zhe,
How are you I am going to China next week. I am looking forward to my trip. But I’m a bit worried that differences in table manners between our cultures might cause some problems. Can you tell me more about Chinese table manners
See you soon!
Amy
【写作分析】
本篇作文主要介绍在中国就餐时的注意事项，属于应用文，可以采用主题句开门见山地摆出问题，随之辅以细说，便于读者迅速地把握主题，抓住段落的中心思想，容易引起读者的兴趣。在提出建议或告诉对方相关的规则时，可以用表示建议的表达，如 should, why not... 等。在列举需要注意的事项时，可以用 first, also, then, next, what’s more, last but not the least 等衔接词，提高文章的连贯性和逻辑性。
关注语言运用环节: 介绍一般场景下用餐注意事项，应该用一般现在时态，人称以第二、第三人称为主。
写作语料：
句式解析：
1. Here are some suggestions. They may help you leave a good impression (印象) on your host.(用主题句告知读者本文的主要内容)
2. When having a meal in China, just watch what others do and don’t do.(用祈使句提出建议)
3. It’s also impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food.(用衔接词来表达列举事项之间的逻辑)
介绍就餐注意事项的主题句：
1. Many table manners in China are similar to those in the West.
2. It is thoughtful of you to think of cultural differences before your trip.
3. Table manners are very important.
描写餐桌礼仪：
1. First, when the dinner is served (上菜), remember to wait until the host or older people have picked up their chopsticks.
2. You shouldn’t point at anyone with your chopsticks.
3. It’s also impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food.
4. It’s bad manners to use your chopsticks to burrow (翻找) through the food.
5. Watching television, using your phone, or doing anything else while having a meal are also bad habits.
Vocabulary
【学习目标】
了解各种礼仪知识。
2.用英语谈论如何在公共场所举止得体。
3.培养学生良好的行为习惯。
【基础、要点部分】
翻译下列短语或句子
1. 年龄够大去了解礼仪 ___________________ 2. 和别人分享你的东西_____________________
3. 打断别人 ___________________________4. 到处扔垃圾 ___________________________
5. 让水龙头开着_______________________6. 在图书馆里保持安静 __________________________
7. 在公园摘花_____________________ 8. 遵守交通规则_____________________________
9. 排队等候_______________________ 10. 保持图书馆干净 ____________________________
11．活到老，学到老________________________________________
manners (复数)礼貌，礼仪；规矩
have good manners有礼貌 have bad manners没有礼貌 table manners餐桌礼仪
e.g. It’s good manners to keep your voice down in public.在公共场合小声说话是有礼貌的。
【拓展】有些名词单数形式和复数形式表达的意思有所不同。
manner方式—manners礼貌，礼仪 time时间—times时代 good好处—goods商品
work工作—works作品 wood木头—woods树林 people人们—peoples民族
politely adv.礼貌地
我们应该有礼貌地和老年人说话。
【拓展】polite adj.礼貌的 可作定语、表语等，名词形式为politeness, 意为“礼貌，客套”
be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌
学生们对他们的老师很有礼貌。
反义词impolite adj.不礼貌的 impolitely adv.不礼貌地
pick vt. ①采，摘(花朵、果实等)
e.g. Even picking things can be hard work.甚至摘东西也可能是艰苦的工作。
②挑选 e.g. The boy picked the best present for his mother.这个男孩为他的妈妈挑选了最好的礼物。
【拓展】pick up拾起，捡起；(用车)接(人) 若代词作宾语应放在pick与up之间
他捡起了钢笔。
I’ll come to .我会来接你。
obey ①vt.遵守，顺从，服从
You should .你应该遵守校规。
e.g. We must obey orders.我们必须服从命令。
②vi.遵守，顺从，服从
e.g. He is very naughty. He doesn't like to obey.他很顽皮，不喜欢服从。
【拓展】反义词disobey v.违反
queue ①vi.(人、车等)排队等候 其ing形式为queuing或queueing
e.g. Please queue up for a bus.请排队等候公共汽车。
②(可数名词)队，行列
stand in a queue 排队 jump the queue插队
turn n.轮流，(轮流的)顺序
It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了。 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事
in turn 依次地，轮流地 by turns 轮流地，交替地
now.现在轮到你读了。
Penguin parents go to the ocean for food.企鹅父母轮流去海里觅食。
Please answer the question .请依次回答这个问题。
When John had a fever, he felt cold and hot .约翰发烧时忽冷忽热。
close
①（读/kl s/）adj.亲密的；严密的 表示关系或情感上的“亲近的”，可作定语或表语
close to 与……关系亲密
her mother. 她和母亲的关系很亲密。
②（读/kl s/）adj.接近的，靠近的 表示距离上近
close to 离……近
The factory .这家工厂离学校很近。
③（读/kl z/）vt.关闭
e.g. Please close the window. 请关上窗户。
conversation n.交谈，谈话 一般指非正式的谈话
have a conversation with sb. 和某人交谈 get into (a) conversation with sb.开始与某人攀谈
a conversation about... 关于……的谈话
e.g. I had a long conversation with her yesterday.昨天我和她作了一次长谈。
avoid vt.避免 后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语
the traffic at rush hours. 你们最好避开交通高峰期。
It's not easy to .避免犯错误时不容易的。
( ) —Does the colour red represent good things in Chinese culture
—Yes. But writing one’s name in red is not good, and we usually it.
A.avoid B.advise C.allow D.accept
behave vi.&vt.表现 behavior n.行为；举止；态度，表现方式
e.g. He behaved well in class.他在课堂上表现得很好。
public ①n.民众，群体 in public 公开地，在别人面前
e.g. Is the park open to the public 这个公园向大众开放吗？
I don't like to make a speech .我不喜欢当众发表演讲。
②adj.公共的，公开的
e.g. You can use the public telephone on the roadside.你可以使用路边的公用电话。
push in 插队，加塞 （美cut in）
You shouldn’t / before us.你不应该在我们前面插队。
push ①vi.推，挤 反义词pull，拉
②vt.按；推 e.g. Push the elevator buttom.按电梯按钮。
③n.推；努力 e.g. Tom is swinging. Please give him a push.汤姆在荡秋千，请推他一下。
bump ①vi.撞，碰 常与介词against, into连用 bump into撞上；偶然碰见
e.g. He bumped against the door.他撞到门上了。
②vt.(尤指身体部位)碰上，撞上
e.g. Be careful not to bump your head on the wall.当心头别撞到墙。
③(可数名词)碰撞(声)，撞击(声)；(因碰撞而引起的)肿块
e.g. There is a bump on his head.他的头上有肿块。
in one’s way 挡住某人的路 in the way 妨碍，挡道
A group of sheep are .一群绵羊挡住了我们的路。
【拓展】on one's way to 在某人去……的路上
I met Tom .在上学的路上，我遇见了汤姆。
touch ①vt.触摸，碰 e.g. Don’t touch the teapot. It’s too hot.别碰茶壶，它太烫了。
②vt.触动，感动 e.g. His story touched me deeply. 他的故事使我深受感动。
③(可数名词)触摸，碰 通常用单数形式 e.g. The bubble breaks at a touch.肥皂泡一碰就破。
【拓展】keep/stay in touch (with sb.) (与某人)保持联系
你想与她保持联系吗？
discussion n.讨论
have a discussion about sth.就某事进行讨论 have a discussion with sb.与某人进行讨论
e.g. The question is now under discussion.这个问题现在在讨论中。
【拓展】discuss vt.讨论 discuss sth. with sb. 与某人讨论某事
你可以和他们讨论这个问题。
After a heated (讨论), the headmasters from different schools reached an agreement.
express vt.表达 expression n. 表达，表情，措辞
express oneself 表达自己的想法/意思
e.g. I expressed my thanks to him. 我向他表达了谢意。
You can freely. 你可以畅所欲言。
explain ①vt.解释 其后可跟名词、代词或从句。explanation n.解释
explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事 【注意】不能说explain sb. sth.
Our English teacher clearly.我们英语老师总是把事情给我们解释得很清楚。
②vi.解释，说明 e.g. Why didn’t you let him explain 你为什么不让他解释一下呢？
keep sb./sth. from... 保护某人/某物免受……；阻止某人/某物……
Sunglasses can .太阳镜能使我们的眼睛免受阳光伤害。
The heavy rain .大雨使我们不能外出。
【拓展】stop...from doing ... = prevent...from doing... = keep...from doing... 阻止……做……
No one can creating wonders.没有人能阻止我们创造奇迹。
warn vt.警告，告诫
①warn sb. 警告/告诫某人
②warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人(不要)做某事
We with fire.我们警告他不要玩火。
③warn sb. of/about sth. 警告某人某事；提醒某人注意某事
e.g. The police warned the children of/about the danger.警察提醒孩子们注意危险。
④warn sb. against donig sth. 警告/告诫某人不要做某事
The doctor .医生告诫我父亲不要吸烟。
【拓展】warning n.警示，警告 a warning message警告消息 a warning sign警告标志
【辨析】
sometime (在)某时 表示过去或将来不确定的某个时间点，用when提问
some time 一段时间 表示时间段，用how long提问
sometimes 有时 表示频率，用how often提问
some times 几次，几倍 表示次数或倍数，用how many times提问
【注意】some time还可表示“在某时”，此时与sometime同义
e.g. I’ll go to Germany sometime/some time this year. 今年某个时候我要去德国。
risk ①vt.冒险做 其后可跟名词或动词-ing形式
risk doing sth.冒险做某事 risk one’s life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事
Can you ？你会冒着生命危险去救人吗？
②n.冒险举动，风险 the risk of... ……的风险
Being overweight can increase heart disease.超重会增加患心脏病的风险。
purpose n.目的
the purpose of... ……的目的 on purpose故意地，有意地
putting up a sign is to people. 竖起告示牌的目的是警告人们。
I did it .我故意那样做。
above all 首先
above 首先，首要的是 强调需特别对待，类似于especially
first of all 首先，第一 表示次序，相当于at first
after all 毕竟，终究，到底 表示一种让步语气
，make sure you keep in touch. 首要的是，你们一定要保持联系。
，cut the apples up.首先，把苹果切碎。
He is a child . 他毕竟是个孩子。
【拓展巩固部分】
一、完型填空
Now more and more people would like to visit Tibet( 西藏 ). What would you do if you go to 1 a Tibetan family Here are some tips for you.
First when you are 2 the house don't step on the doorsill ( 门槛） . And when you talk with them you may add "la" behind their names to show 3 respect ( 尊重 ) and kindness. Remember not to touch the top of the head of the Tibetans. It's not 4 .
Then if they ask you to take a seat you may 5 cross-legged. Don't let your soles ( 鞋底 ) touch others. Tibetan people are friendly. During the meal they 6 like to have a drink when they have dinner with friends.
For the Tibetans sticking out the tongue means expressing their respect for 7 . If they put their palms( 手掌 ) together it 8 the best wish for you.
Use 9 hands to receive gifts. Hada the white scarf is the symbol of good luck. Presenting it is the greatest etiquette ( 礼节 ) 10 Tibetan people. So you should bend ( 弯 ) your body when receiving it.
Wish you a good time in a Tibetan family.
( ) 1. A. have B. visit C. leave D. see
( ) 2. A. entering B. building C. buying D. enjoying
( ) 3. A. its B. our C. your D. wild
( ) 4. A. strange B. wild C. happy D. polite
( ) 5. A. sit B. lie C. stand D. run
( ) 6. A. never B. always C. seldom D. still
( ) 7. A. them B. other C. another D. others
( ) 8. A. calls B. asks C. means D. joins.
( ) 9. A. both B. all C. no D. each
( )10. A. across B. among C. after D. about
二、信息还原
A: Would you like to go to Hong Kong with me for the action, Mary
B: 1 But where will we stay
A: At my aunt's. I always stay with her. 2
B: OK. But will she mind
A: Of course not. 3
B: Will we drive to Hong Kong
A: Yes, it takes about a few hours.
B: 4
A: It may be cold and rainy these days. We'd better take our jackets.
B: OK. 5
A: How about Saturday morning
B: No problem. See you.
A.Who will invite you to go there B. I have no idea. C. Yes, I would like to. D. She's looking forward to meeting you. E. What will the weather be like F. There's a room for you, too. G. When will we leave then
1_______ 2______ 3_______ 4_______ 5_______
8A Unit 5 Good manners
Reading
【学习目标】
能读懂有关英国礼仪习惯的采访
2、通过阅读，了解不同国家的礼仪习惯
【基础部分】
词组
1.握手____________________2.第一次见某人____________________
3.以亲吻的方式打招呼________________________4.插队_____________________________
5.避免…的话题_______________________6.在公共场合举止有礼貌__________________________
7.碰撞到某人___________________________8.挡住某人的路____________________________
9.从某人身边挤过去_________________________10.偶然__________________________
【课前导学】
◆a. Do Part B1 on P68.
◆b.通过预习，了解本课时的单词、短语、句型（英汉互译）。
conversation n.___________2.avoid vt.___________3. behave vi. & vt._________
___________n.民众，群众 5. ___________公开地 6. ___________n.谚语，格言
7.___________与某人握手 8. ____________插队，加塞 9. _______挡住某人的路
10. 英国人只用亲吻的方式问候亲朋好友。_______________________________.
11. They think it is rude to push in before others.
_________________________________________________________________
12. British people are very polite at home as well, aren’t they
____________________________________________________________________
13. Keep your voice down in public.
____________________________________________________________________
14. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”
_____________________________________________________________________
【课中探究】
Check the preview. Check the answers to Part B1 and the phrases above.
Skimming: Read the article quickly and answer the questions.
Who is Daniel talking to What is the conversation about
Listen to the tape and finish B3 on page 69.
Scanning:Read the dialogue carefully and then finish B2 on page 68.
Read the conversation again carefully and fill in the blanks to summarize the good manners in the UK.
Good manners
How to greet people
How to start a conversation
How to behave in public
How to behave at home
Conclusion
Talk about the differences in manners between the UK and China. Work in pairs and discuss the question in Part C on page 69.
【要点部分】
What’s the proper way to greet people there, Jenny
proper adj. 符合习俗的；正确的
greet v. 问候；打招呼 greeting n. 问候，招呼 greetings n. 问候的话，贺词
greet sb. 和某人打招呼 greet sb. with 以……(方式)跟某人打招呼
( ) He greets his old friend _____ a huge.
A .with B. on C. for D. to
British people say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the first time.
shake sb’s hand= shake hands with sb. 与某人握手 (shake-shook-shaken)
他们与我握手然后坐下了。
They _______________=________________ and sat down.
( )____ is one way to greet people in many countries.
Shake hand B. Shaking hands C. Shaking your hand D. Shake hands
British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss.
close adj. （关系）亲密的 be close to （距离）靠近…
这家商店离学校很近。___________________________________.
But please avoid subjects like age, weight or money.
avoid vt.避免 avoid sth. 避免某事 avoid doing sth.避免做某事
你应该避免上学迟到。_________________________________.
Do people there behave politely in public
behave v. 表现
in public= in public places公开地；当众；在公众场所
我们不应该在公共场所抽烟。We shouldn’t smoke ____________.
They think it’s rude to push in before others.
It is + adj. + (for sb.) + to do sth. （对某人来说，）做某事是...的
push in 插队，加塞，美国人常用“cut in”
7. If they bump into someone in the street, they will say “sorry”.
bump into sb./sth. 撞上；偶然碰见 =meet/hit sb./sth. by accident
8．If you’re in their way, they won’t touch you or push past you.
in one’s way 挡住某人的路 in the way挡道
in a adj. way 用一种...的方式 lose one’s way = get lost 迷路
by the way 顺便问一下 on one’s way to…在某人去……的路上
( )If you are not going to help, at least don’t get __________.
in the way B. on the way C. by the way D. to the way
British people are very polite at home as well.
as well 一般不用否定句，通常放在句末，强调时可放在句中；
too 语气较轻，多用于口语，在肯定句中使用，通常位于句末，之前加逗号；
also 比too正式一些，语气较重，只用于肯定句，一般紧靠动词；
either 用于否定句，放在句末，之前加逗号。
1). She likes listening to pop music and I like it ______.
2). She likes listening to pop music and I like it, ______.
3). I ____ like listening to pop music.
4). ---I won’t go anywhere for May Day holiday.
--- Me, ______.
as well as 还有
吉姆喜欢物理，他的妹妹也喜欢物理。_____________________.
吉姆喜欢物理还有生物。_____________________.
10 . Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”
saying n. 谚语；格言
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。
【巩固提高部分】
一、 根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词
1. He __________ (推) the door open and looked inside.
2. The park now is open to the _________ (民众).
3. They planted trees to ________ (避免) soil being washed away.
4. The whole house _______ (颤动) when a train goes past.
5. You had better speak _________ (大声地) when you give a speech.
6. They like to start a ___________ (会话) with subjects like the weather, holidays, music or books.
二、根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空
1. When in Rome, do as the ___________ (Rome) do.
2. “Where there is a will, there is a way” is a _________ (say).
3. Mr Li is polite enough _________ (wait) without getting angry.
4. It is rude __________ (walk) on the grass in the park.
5. Simon lives in a big family. But he doesn’t know all his ___________ (relative) names.
6. Learning more about manners in the UK is _________ (help) to us.
7. What’s the __________ (mean) of the Chinese words I don’t know, either.
三、翻译句子
1. 今天我已邀请了King先生谈论美国的礼仪。
Today we _____ _______ Mr King _______________________________.
2. 有时我们中国人以拥抱的方式问候亲戚或亲密的朋友。
Sometimes we Chinese _______________________________a hug.
3. 在这儿等我回来。
_______________________________ come back.
4. 请将这把椅子拿开。它挡了我的路。
Please move away this chair. It is _______________________________.
5. 在许多国家，人们习惯和新朋友握手。
In many countries, people _______________________________ their new friends.
四、阅读理解
What do you think of "double reduction" Our readers from Teens
have different ideas. Here are four of them.
Shen Yuzhe, 13, Beijing The "double reduction" really helps me. Our homework is less than before. I can finish it at school. I"m also happy to find that there are fewer exams.
Zhang Hangming, 13, Tianjin The best thing about the "double reduction" is that we have more time to do after-school activities such as dancing, volleyball and cooking. I can also learn a lot of things.
Yu Zhiyue, 14, Jiangsu With the "double reduction", I have really got less homework to do. But I need to take an online class on the computer at home after I come back from school. I often feel tired. But I can still have happy weekends.
Cui Ruqi, 12, Liaoning I have got more time to read books and play sports. The art subjects are becoming more important. So I need to learn music well. And I have less learning stress now.
( )1.What happens to (发生) Shen Yuzhe with the "double reduction"
A.He has less homework and fewer exams now.
B．He has more homework and exams now.
C．He has no homework and exams now.
D．He is sad to have fewer exams now.
( )2．What after-school activities does Zhang Hangming do after the "double reduction" except (除了) ________
A．dancing B．Cooking C．volleyball D．gardening
( )3．Who has to take online classes at home after coming back from school
A．Shen Yuzhe B．Yu Zhiyue C．Zhang Huangming D．Cui Ruqi
( )4．Why does Cui Ruqi need to learn music well
A．Because art is becoming more important.
B．Because art is her favourite subject.
C．Because she is good at art.
D．Because her friends learn music.
( )5．What"s the reading about
A．homework B．after-school activities
C．hobbies D．changes (变化) in students" life after the "double reduction"
五、阅读并回答问题
Hand gestures have been commonly used in our daily communication. They add to the message by filling in what words sometimes leave behind. But are you aware of the history that goes behind some of these popular hand gestures Probably not. Unsurprisingly, each of them has its special history.
Handshake Whether you’re greeting someone for the first time, or successfully reaching an agreement, shaking hands is usually the go-to gesture. Who decided on this gesture, anyway The handshake dates back to ancient Greece where it was used as a way to show peace. High Five Whether you entered the final competition or won a debate（辩论）, you were probably given or received a high five before. According to some sources, the high five first became popular when baseball players performed at Dodger Stadium on October 2, 1977. Glenn Burke, one of the players, lifted his arm high above his head and slapped palms with his teammate Dusty Baker to celebrate a victory, marking what is widely considered as the first record of a high five. The Fist Bump The fist bump comes from boxers（拳击手）in the 1970s after people copied how they touched gloves before a competition. Later, instead of shaking hands, fist bumps became popular among basketball players. The gesture soon spread to all basketball lovers.
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。
1. What was handshake used as in ancient Greece
____________________________________________
2. What kind of sport does the high five gesture come from
____________________________________________
3. Why do people have a high five with others
____________________________________________
4. Which gesture do basketball players usually prefer
____________________________________________
5.What is the passage mainly about
___________________________________________
8A Unit 5 Good manners
Grammar
【学习目标】
学会用enough to 来描述一个人的品质和能力
2、学会用too…to来表达一个否定的结果
【要点部分】
enough to的用法
enough to后接动词原形。enough常构成如下句型：主语＋be＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.意为“某人／某物够……能……”。
He is_______ _______ _______ carry the heavy stone. 他够强壮能搬起这块很重的石头。
否定式为“主语＋be not＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.”，意为“某人／某物（不）够……而（不）能……”。
The man isn’t strong enough to carry the bag. 这个人不够强壮拿不动这个包。
Your son is_______ _______ _______ go to school. 你儿子已经到了上学的年龄了。
enough在句中可以作状语、定语和表语。如:
The house is_______ _______ _______ for us. 这房子对我们来说不够大。(作状语)
Have you got _______ _______ 你的钱够吗 (作定语)
Six bottles should _______ _______. 六瓶应该够了。(作表语)
too... to的用法
英语中too... to结构的基本形式是“be too+adj./adv.(for sb.)+to do sth.”，意为“(对某人来说)太……而不能……”，它在形式上是肯定的，但在意义上是否定的。
使用该结构时，应注意以下几点：
有时我们需要在to do sth. 的前面加上for someone，此时句中的动词必须为及物动词，若为不及物动词须再加上适当的介词。
The room is _______ _______ for us two _______ _______ _______ .
这个房间太小我们两个人住不下。
The text is _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ .
这篇课文太长我们读不了。
“too＋形容词＋ to do sth.” 可以和 “not＋该形容词的反义词＋enough＋to do sth.” 的结构转换。
The man is _______ _______ _______ do the job.
＝The man _______ _______ _______ _______ do the job.
这个人太瘦弱而不能做这项工作。
如果在too之前加上not或never，该结构就不再有否定的意义，意为“永/绝不……做某事”。如:
Chinese is not too difficult to learn. 汉语绝不难学。
One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。
【考点归纳】so...that.../ such... that.../ enough to/ too……to
so... that...句型中的so是副词，常常修饰形容词或副词，
常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句。
She is so young that she can’t look after herself. 她年纪如此小以致于没法儿照顾自己。
He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word. 他如此生气以致于说不出一句话。
在“such... that...”句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“如此……以致于……”，但当名词前有表示数量的many、much、(a) few、(a) little等词修饰时，句子中要用“so...that...”而不能用“such...that...”。例如：
He has so much money that he can buy what he wanted.
他有如此多的钱以致于能买任何他想要的东西。
[注意]如果名词是可数名词单数才要加a和an, 反过来如果是可数名词单数, 前面一定要加a或an， 结构：such a/an +adj. +n.(可数单数) = so +adj. +a/an + n.(可数单数)
She is _______ _______ _______ _______ that everyone loves her.
= She is _______ _______ _______ _______ that everyone loves her.
她是如此可爱的一个女孩以致于每个人都喜欢她。
so与that也可连起来写，即变成：... so that ...(以便 / 为了……)，引导目的状语从句。例如：
I got up early so that I could catch the early bus. 我起的很早以便能赶上早班车。
Please open the window_______ _______ we can breathe fresh air. 请打开窗户以便我们能呼吸到新鲜空气。
以“so...that”引导的结果状语从句可以转换为“...enough to...”或“...too...to”句型，但这种转换必须符合下列条件：
当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可用“enough to do sth.”来转换。
The man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.
→ The man is strong enough to lift the heavy box.
(2) He was so clever that he can understand what I said.
→ He was _______ _______ _______ _______ what I said.
2. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可以用“enough for sb. to do sth.”来替换，但须注意不定式的宾语要省略。例如：
(1) The question is so easy that I can work it out.
→ The question is easy enough for me to work out.
(2) The box is so light that he can carry it.
→ The box is light _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ .
3. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是否定句时，可以用“too...to”来替换。例如：
(1) The girl is so young that she can’t dress herself. → The girl is too young to dress herself.
(2) I was so tired that I couldn’t go on with the work. → I was _______ _______ _______ go on with the work.
4. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是否定时，如果要用“too...to...”替换“so...that...”，则用介词for引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以用“too...for sb. to do sth.”来替换，注意不定式的宾语要省略。
(1) The bag is so heavy that she can’t move it. → The bag is too heavy for her to move.
(2) It is so hot that we can’t sleep. → It is _______ hot _______ _______ _______ sleep.
5. 当that引导的从句为否定式时，若从句主语与主句主语相同, so．．．that可转换为enough to的否定结构；若从句主语与主句主语不相同时，so．．．that可转换为 enough for sb to do的否定结构。注意：转换后的形容词（副词）要用其相应的反义词。例如：
(1) The man is so old that he can’t go to work．→ The man isn’t young enough to go to work
(2) The desk is so heavy that I can’t move it．→ The desk isn’t _______ enough for me _______ _______．
6. enough to的句式为否定式时，enough to可以转换为too．．．to结构。但转换后的too．．．to结构中的形容词（副词）要用其相应的反义词。例如：
(1) He is not old enough to do the job. → He is too young to do the job.
(2)Tom didn’t walk slowly enough for us to keep up with him．→Tom walked _______ _______ for us _______ keep up with him.
【拓展部分】
一．用enough....to too....to填空
1.The apple is sour.I can't eat it. The apple is_____sour for me______eat
2. The questions were very easy, We could answer them The questions were _____easy for us______answer
3. The maths paper is difficult.I can't pass.
The maths paper is _______difficult for me________pass.
4. He is very clever. He can answer all the questions He is clever______ ________answer all the questions.
5. The stereo is loud. I can hear it.
The stereo is loud______for me________hear
6. The car is expensive. We can't buy it. The car is______expensive for us________buy.
7. He is very old. He can't walk. He is _______old________walk
8. I'm very tired. I can't go to the park. I'm______tired______go to the park.
二．句型转换。
1.The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out.
The problem isn’t ________ __________ _______ _______ to work out.
T he problem is______ __________ _______ _______ _______ work out.
2.The bag is too heavy for her to carry.
The bag is ________ heavy _________ she _________ _________ _______.
3.This pair of shoes is too dirty that nobody will wear it.
This pair of shoes is too dirty __________ __________ ________ ___________.
4.The boy is so young that he can’t dress himself.
The boy is________ __________ ________ ____________ ____________.
The boy isn’t _________ _____________ _________ _________ ________.
5.The girl isn’t thin enough to wear a skirt.
The girl is _______ __________ ________ she ______ _______ a skirt.
The girl is _______ ________ ________ __________ a skirt.
三、阅读表达
Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. They tried to steal（偷）her handbag while she was having a picnic at the edge（边缘）of a forest with her children. After getting the handbag, both men started running through the trees. Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after them. When she caught up with them, they sat down and were going through the bag, so she ran straight at them. The men was so afraid that they dropped the bag and ran away. “The bag needs mending,” said Mrs. Sterling later, “but they did not steal anything.”
41. How many men tried to steal Mrs. Sterling’s handbag
_____________________________________________________
42. Who was she having a picnic with
_____________________________________________________
43. Where did they run
_____________________________________________________
44. What did the men steal（偷）
_____________________________________________________
45. What do you think of Mrs. Anne Sterling
_____________________________________________________
8A Unit 5 Good manners
Task
【学习目标】
1.学会在写作前先列大纲。 2.能够根据大纲完成有关礼仪习惯的文章。
【基础部分】
完成下列词组
1.餐桌礼仪______________________ 2.讲座的目的__________________________
3.发生，举行_____________________ 4.发现他们有用_______________________________
5.坐在桌边________________________ 6.吃的规矩_______________________________
7.首要的是_______________________ 8.发出太多噪音_________________________
9.在学校礼堂_________________________ 10.确保______________________
【要点部分】
We are going to hold a talk on good table manners.
我们打算举办一场关于良好的用餐礼仪的讲座。
【用法分析】本句中hold a talk on...意为“举办一场有关...的讲座”，此处on为介词，意为“关于”
eg. The professor planned to give a talk on climate in Asia.
教授准备开展一场有关亚洲气候的讲座。
【辨析】on 与 about
on 侧重论述，较正式，多用于学术报告、专著、国际形势等方面的内容。
about 侧重叙事，多用于个人事迹、故事内容、一般书籍及内容浅显的问题等。
eg. Do you have a book the computer 你有关于电脑的书吗
eg. I have a book Lei Feng. 我有一本关于雷锋的书。
The purpose of the talk is to teach students rules for eating.
本次讲座的目的是教会学生用餐的规则。
【用法分析1】本句中 to teach students rules for eating是动词不定式作表语，表示目的；
【用法分析2】purpose n. 目的 常用短语：the purpose of sth./doing sth. 某事/做某事的目的
eg. What is the purpose of 你来访的目的是什么？
He knew my purpose of . 他知道我写这本书的目的。
【拓展】 (do sth) on purpose 故意地，有目的地(做某事)
eg. He did it on purpose, knowing it would make us angry.
他故意这么做，明知道会激怒我们
It will take place at 10 a.m. on 12 May at the school hall.
它将于5月12日上午10点在学校礼堂举行。
【用法分析】 take place 举行，发生（一般指有计划性）
eg. The concert will take place next Sunday. 下周日将举行音乐会。
eg. Where will the next Olympic Games take place 下一届奥运会在哪举办？
【辨析】happen 与 take place
happen与take place 都可以表示“发生”，但它们在用法是是有区别的。happen往往指偶然的、未能预见的客观情况的发生；take place主要指经过酝酿的事情的发生，没有“偶然”的含义。如：
eg. An accident in front of the park yesterday.
eg. Great changes in my hometown in the past five years.
Above all, when you are sitting at the table, you should...
首先，当你坐在餐桌旁时，你应该...
【用法分析1】above all 意为“首先，首要的是”。
eg. Above all, the food is for sale. 首先，这些食物是用来卖的。
【辨析】above all、first of all、after all用法
above all 首先，首要的是 强调需要特别对待，类似于especially。 Above all, make sure you keep in touch. 首要的是，你们一定要保持联系。
first of all 首先，开始，第一 表示次序，相当于at first。 First of all, make a plan for the talk. 首先，为演讲列个提纲。
after all 毕竟，终究，到底 表示一种让步语气。 He is a child after all. 他毕竟是个孩子。
【用法分析2】 at the table意为 “在桌子旁”，表示位置，意思是不一定在吃饭。
eg. He often reads newspapers at the table. 他经常在桌子旁看报纸。
【辨析】 at table“在吃饭”，其结构为：at+名词，表示状态。
eg. Tom and his parents are at table now. 汤姆和他父母现在正在吃饭。
【拓展】类似的用法还有：
go to the hospital去医院 go to hospital 去看病
in the bed在床上 in bed 睡觉，卧床
go to the school去学校 go to school 去上学
go to the church 去教堂 go to church 做礼拜
in the class在班级中 in class在上课
These rules are important because we should make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table. 这些规则很重要，因为我们要确保在桌旁的客人和主人都舒适自在。
【用法分析】该句的主句为We should know these rules，后面的动词不定式是表示目的的状语，其中make sure后面跟了一个由that 引导的宾语从句。
句中的make sure意为“弄清楚；务必；确信”，其后多接that引导的宾语从句，有时也与of/about连用，后接名词短语。
eg. I make sure . 我确信我已关上了水龙头。
eg. Please make sure . 请弄清楚时间和地点。
【拓展】
be sure of...意为“对……有把握；确信”，主语常是人。
eg. He is sure of success. = He is sure that he will succeed. 他确信他会成功。
be sure to do sth.意为“一定，必然会”，主语可以是人，也可以是物，表示说话人的推测。
eg. He’ s sure to join the match. 他一定参加比赛的。
eg. It is sure to rain, I think. 我想天准会下雨的。
【拓展部分】
【书面表达】
假如你是刘哲，请你对美国交换生 Amy 的信件进行回复，词数在100词左右。
Dear Liu Zhe,
How are you I am going to China next week. I am looking forward to my trip. But I’m a bit worried that differences in table manners between our cultures might cause some problems. Can you tell me more about Chinese table manners
See you soon!
Amy
【写作分析】
本篇作文主要介绍在中国就餐时的注意事项，属于应用文，可以采用主题句开门见山地摆出问题，随之辅以细说，便于读者迅速地把握主题，抓住段落的中心思想，容易引起读者的兴趣。在提出建议或告诉对方相关的规则时，可以用表示建议的表达，如 should, why not... 等。在列举需要注意的事项时，可以用 first, also, then, next, what’s more, last but not the least 等衔接词，提高文章的连贯性和逻辑性。
关注语言运用环节: 介绍一般场景下用餐注意事项，应该用一般现在时态，人称以第二、第三人称为主。
写作语料：
句式解析：
1. Here are some suggestions. They may help you leave a good impression (印象) on your host.(用主题句告知读者本文的主要内容)
2. When having a meal in China, just watch what others do and don’t do.(用祈使句提出建议)
3. It’s also impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food.(用衔接词来表达列举事项之间的逻辑)
介绍就餐注意事项的主题句：
1. Many table manners in China are similar to those in the West.
2. It is thoughtful of you to think of cultural differences before your trip.
3. Table manners are very important.
描写餐桌礼仪：
1. First, when the dinner is served (上菜), remember to wait until the host or older people have picked up their chopsticks.
2. You shouldn’t point at anyone with your chopsticks.
3. It’s also impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food.
4. It’s bad manners to use your chopsticks to burrow (翻找) through the food.
5. Watching television, using your phone, or doing anything else while having a meal are also bad habits.