Unit 3 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Have you thought about the problem from every________(方面)?
2．A lot of children at the school do not live in the town, but come from the________(周边的)countryside.
3．Husband and wife should________(转换) roles with each other occasionally.
4．His first speech as president made a strong________(印象) on his audience.
5．This entrance is in c________use；do not block it, please.
6．We are still relatively o________that the factory can be saved.
7．Training is provided，sonop________experience is required for the job.
8．She's still u________whether to go to New Zealand or not.
9．It seems that these ants can't t________temperatures which would kill other species.
10．She made a few minor a________to the focus of her camera.
答案：1.aspect 2.surrounding 3.switch 4.impression 5.constant 6.optimistic 7.previous 8.uncertain 9.tolerate
10．adjustments
Ⅱ.从方框内选择合适的词语，并用其适当形式填空
remind...of，make a good impression，be back on one's feet，catch sight of，worry about，slide into
1．The girl was almost frightened to death when she ________ a snake.
2．The photo ________ Mary ________ her life in middle school.
3．________， she is dressed in her finest skirt.
4．Tired out, he ________ bed and fell fast asleep.
5．After receiving timely treatment, the boy ________ soon.
6．______ her daughter, the mother came to see her yesterday.
答案：1.caught sight of 2.reminded；of 3.To make a good impression 4.slid into 5.was back on his feet 6.Worried about
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．据说他对他的前途没有把握。
It's said that he________ ________ ________his future.
2．人很容易聚焦于消极的事情，忽略真正重要的东西。
It's very easy for people to________ ________ the negative and to________ ________ ________what really matters.
3．因为缺乏资金，该工作不得不停止。
The work had to be stopped________ ________ ________funds.
4．警察一到，人群就向四面八方散开了。
When the police arrived, the crowd scattered________ ________ ________.
5．他邀请她喝酒，她接受了。
She________ ________ ________ ________of a drink.
6．他已对这部机器加以调整。
He has________ ________ ________ ________the machine.
7．开关一闪，然后灯就亮了。
________ ________ ________and a light goes on.
8．在这种恶劣天气条件下，人们很难忍受。
People under such terrible weather________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：1.is uncertain about 2. focus on; lose sight of 3. for lackof 4.in all directions 5.took up his offer 6.made an adjustment to 7.Flash a switch 8.are very hard to tolerate
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
In the near future, we may be using our eyes to operate our smart－phones and tablets，even when it comes to playing popular games like Fruit Ninja(水果忍者)．
The Gaze Group has been developing eye－controlled computer technology for nearly 20years. But those devices have been firstly designed to help those with disabilities, and are very expensive.
“After a while, we figured out that probably the best way is to go for a mass－market way，”says Gaze's Sune Alstrup Johansen. “Where everybody would have this available. ”
Johansen and some of his colleagues have formed a new company, the Eye Tribe, which is hoping to develop the technology on a mass commercial level.
The technology works with the help of the computing device toward the user's face. After making sure of the user's eye movements, the technology is then able to easily find where a person's eyes are moving, and then allow the eyes to control a cursor(光标)．
“Our software can then determine the location of the eyes and know where you're looking on the screen to make sure what you're looking at, ”reads an explanation on the Eye Tribe site.
There has been a gradual change toward hands－free technology in recent years, particularly in the gaming (电玩游戏)world. Recently Xbox released (发布) the Kinect device, which lets users control their Xbox and play certain games using only their hands, legs and voices. But still, most of these devices have been more of a gimmick than a practical way to use one's hands to control a mobile device. Johansen said a replaceable filter(滤光器) would be a cheap, convenient way for most consumers.
And even as companies like The Eye Tribe work to create such a product for the average user, making the eye－controlled technology more available and less expensive will have similar benefits for physically disabled users.
For more articles on modern science，please CLICK here.
文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了未来社会的一种科技发明，用眼睛操作手机或者电脑。一直致力于研究帮助残障人士用眼睛控制电脑技术的公司Gaze Group打算将该技术应用于适合普通用户使用的领域，这样不但能惠及更多人，同时还能明显降低此类技术的使用费用。
1. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
A. An introduction of a new device.
B．An introduction of smart－phones.
C．An introduction of eye－controlling technology.
D．An introduction of a new technology for the disabled.
答案：C 主旨大意题。根据第一段首句“In thenear future，we may be using our eyes to operate our smart－phones and tablets，”及下文描述，可知本文主要介绍了一种用眼睛操作手机或者电脑的技术。
2．The underlined word “gimmick” probably means________.
A. a trick ` B. a way
C. a lie D. a dream
答案：A 词义猜测题。联系下文“more...than a practical way to use one's hands to control a mobile device.”可知此处指的是大部分这些装置都是一种噱头(即骗人的把戏)。
3．According to the passage，we can learn that________.
A．the eye－controlled technology was first developed for the blind
B．the present development of the technology will bring no good
C．there is no such phone as we can use only with our eyes at present
D．the eye－controlled technology is only intended for the disabled people
答案：C 细节理解题。A选项与第二段中的句子“Butthose devices have been firstly designed to help those with disabilities，”不符，“这些设备最早是为残疾人设计的”；而根据倒数第三、四段可知用眼睛操作的电脑不可能是为盲人设计的。根据短文第一段“In the near future，we may be using our eyes to operate our smart－phones and tablets，”可知目前我们还没有这样一部用眼睛控制的电话。
4．This passage is probably taken from________.
A．an experiment B．a science fiction
C．a school textbook D．a science website
答案：D 推理判断题。这篇短文主要介绍了未来社会的一种科技发明，用眼睛操作手机或者电脑。根据短文最后一段“For more articles on modern science，please CLICK here.”，CLICK意为“点击”，可知这是一篇网络上的文章，故有可能来自一家网站。
B
What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in biotechnology (生物科技). With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Today's leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging itself，will become distant memories.
In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs. The medicine, made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells and so on, in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
文章大意：在未来的100年，人类的生命由于生物科技的发展可以无限期延长的愿望有可能成为现实。
5．According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ________.
A．diseases and aging
B．accidents and war
C．accidents and aging
D．heart disease and war
答案：A 细节理解题。由文章第一段最后一句可知，当今生命的主要杀手有心脏病、癌症和衰老。
6．In the author's opinion，today's most important advance in technology lies in ________.
A．medicine B．the Internet
C．brain cells D．human organs
答案：A 细节理解题。第二段前两句的意思是“在讨论技术变化时，人们往往注意到的是网络。然而药学方面的变化可能是当今技术方面的真正事件”，故选A。
7．Humans may live longer in the future because ________.
A．heart disease will be far away from us
B．human brains can decide the final death
C．the basic materials of cells will last forever
D．human organs can be repaired by new medicine
答案：D 推理判断题。由第二段的后半部分可知，在2050～2100年间，每隔10年左右，人们可以通过服药来修复生病或衰老的器官，这是未来生命延长的原因。
8．How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?
A．Over 100 years.
B．More than 120 years.
C．About 150 years.
D．The passage doesn't tell us.
答案：D 细节理解题。阅读全文可知，文章没有具体告诉我们人们将来能活多少年。
Ⅴ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Futurologists(未来学家) predict that life will probably be very different in 2050.
TV channels will have disappeared.__1__Today, we can use the World Wide Web to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometers away. By 2050, music，films, programs, newspapers and books will come to us by computer.
__2__Cars will have computers to control the speed and there won't be any accidents. Today，many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are. By 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination.
__3__Many factories already use robots. Big companies prefer robots—they don't ask for pay rises or go on strike, and they work 24 hours a day. By 2050, we will see robots everywhere—in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes.
__4__Today, there are devices(设备) that connect directly to the brain to help people hear. By 2050, we will be able to help blind and deaf people to see and hear again with the help of new technology.
Scientists will have discovered how to control genes.__5__By 2050, scientists will be able to produce clones of people, and decide how they look, how they behave and how clever they are.Scientists will be able to do these things, but should they?
A．Robots will have replaced people in factories.
B. Scientists have already produced clones of animals.
C. Medical technology will have controlled many diseases.
D. Cars will run on new, clean fuels and they will go very fast.
E. No one can predict what our world will look like in the near future.
F. So many changes have taken place in this planet that there will be no life existing on it.
G. Instead, people will choose a program from a “menu” and a computer will send the program directly to the television.
文章大意：本文主要对2050年人们的生活将会发生哪些变化进行了预测。
答案：
1．G上一句中提到电视频道将会消失，该空应紧承上文，介绍在没有电视频道的情况下人们如何选择电视节目，故选G项。
2．D 第三段主要介绍了2050年的交通，中心词是car。只有D项与这一话题有关。
3．A 第四段主要是围绕机器人的普遍应用展开的，故A项(在工厂里机器人将代替人们来工作)符合该段的语境。
4．C 根据第五段可知，到2050年，盲人和聋人将能在医疗技术的帮助下恢复视力和听力，而不需要像现在一样只能借助某些辅助设备，故用C项(医疗技术将会战胜很多疾病)总领本段。
5．B 最后一段主要是围绕克隆技术展开的。只有B项与该话题有关。
课件129张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5 Life in the futureUnit 3Section Ⅰ Warming up；Pre－reading, Reading & ComprehendingⅠ.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？
1．根据要求写出下列单词
(1)________ (n.)方面；层面
(2)________ (n.)指导；向导；导游 (vt.)指引；指导
(3)________ (n.)开关；转换 (vt.)转换
(4)impression (n.)印象；感想；印记→__________ (vt.)给……留下深刻印象→impressive (adj.)给人深刻印象的
(5)constant (adj.)时常发生的；连续不断的→________ (adv.)不断地aspectguideswitchimpressconstantly(6)previous (adj.)在前的；早先的→__________ (adv.)先前
(7)surroundings (n.)周围的事物；环境→___________ (adj.)周围的→________ (v.)包围
(8)lack (vi. & vt.)缺乏；没有 (n.)缺乏；短缺的东西→________ (adj.)缺乏的
(9)adjustment (n.)调整；调节→________ (v.)调整，调节
(10)press (n.)按；压；印刷；新闻→________ (n.)压力
(11)optimistic (adj.)乐观(主义的)→___________ (adj.)悲观(主义)的previouslysurroundingsurroundlackingadjustpressurepessimistic
2．补全下列短语
(1)take ________ 拿起；接受；开始；继续
(2)be back ________ one's feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原
(3)lose sight ________... 看不见……
(4)sweep ________ 打扫；横扫
(5)slide ________ (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……uponofupintoⅡ.重点句式
1．What problems _______________ people in the future will have overcome?
你认为未来的人们将克服什么问题？
2．At first my new surroundings were _________________.
开始的时候，新的环境让人难以忍受。do you thinkdifficult to tolerateⅢ.语篇理解
Dear Mum and Dad，
I have to remind myself 1.________ that I am 2.________up this prize and I'm really in the year of 3008. I suffered from “time lag” that I kept getting flashbacks from 3.________time period.We climbed in the capsule through a small 4.________. It was very comfortable. Afew minutes later, the journey was completed and we had arrived. At first the 5.________were hard to 6.________.Because of a 7.________of fresh air，I got a headache, so I put on a mask.After a rest，I followed Wang Ping to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.These carriages float above the ground and by bending or 8.________down in the seat, we can move swiftly. Wang Ping showed me how to use it, but I lost 9.________of him when we reached a place where many carriages flew by in all directions. Later we arrived at a 10.________house which had a green wall made of trees.A table and some chairs could rise from under the floor by flashing a 11.________on a computer screen. I was 12.________that night and fell asleep quickly.
答案：1. constantly 2.taking 3.previous 4. opening 5. surroundings 6. tolerate 7. lack 8. pressing 9. sight 10. strange－looking 11. switch 12. exhausted1.aspect n.
(1)方面，层面
①You've only considered one aspect of the problem.
你只考虑到这个问题的一方面。
②How we are going to pay for it is one aspect we haven't discussed yet.
我们将如何支付这方面的问题还没有讨论。(2)(正式)面貌，外观，样子，神态
①Her face wore a sad aspect.
她面带忧伤。
②When everything turns green, the countryside presents a truely beautiful aspect.
当一切都变绿后，乡间呈现出一派美丽宜人的景色。
③take on a new aspect 面目一新，呈现新局面
(3)朝向，方位
a south－facing aspect 方向朝南
from this aspect 从这个方面看
in an/certain aspect 在一/某方面
The house has a north－facing aspect.
这栋房子朝北。
活学活用
补全句子
我们要从各个角度去考虑这个问题。
We should look at the problem ______ ______ ________.
答案：from every aspect
2．impression n.
(1)～(of sb./sth./doing sth.)|～(that...)印象，感想
①I had a very good impression of him.
我对他的印象极好。
②His story made quite a good impression on the audience.
他的故事给听众留下了相当好的印象。
(2)～(on sb.)影响，效果
①His first speech as president made a strong impression on his audience.
他当会长后的第一次演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。
②His trip to India made a strong impression on him.
他的印度之行对他的触动很大。impress vt.给……以印象，使铭记
be impressed by/at/with sth.对……有好印象；敬佩
be impressed on one's mind/memory对……印象深刻；铭记
impress sth. on/upon sth.＝impress sb. with sth.使某人深深意识到某事物，使某人铭记某事物
leave/make/have a(n)．.. impression on sb.给某人留下……的印象
be under the impression that...误认为……知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
(2015·山东德州)—What do you think of your new English teacher?
—She was well prepared for her first lesson and left us a good ________(impress)．
答案：impression 句意：——你认为你的新英语老师如何？——她为第一节课做了精心准备，给我们留下了好的印象。考查名词。leave sb.a/an...impression意为“给某人留下了……印象”。故设空处填名词impression。(2)用恰当词语填空
The boy with glasses impressed the judge ________ his attitude and sense of humor.
答案：with impress sb. with sth.“以……给某人留下印象”。3．constantly adv.不断地，反复地，经常地
①As I walked through the town, I was constantly reminded of my childhood.
当我步行穿过市镇时，见到的景象使我不断地回忆起自己的童年。
②He's constantly disturbing me.
他老是打扰我。constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的 n．常数，常量
constancy n．稳定性，持久不变；忠诚，忠实知识拓展活学活用
(1)单句改错
As I walked through the school, I was constant reminded of my teachers.
______________________________________________
答案：constant→constantly 此处需要副词作状语，修饰reminded。
(2)用恰当形式填空
They haven't seen each other for ten years，but they still keep in________ (constantly) contact with each other.
答案：constant 句意为“他们已经多年没有见面了，但是他们之间仍然保持着经常的联系”。constant表示“经常的”，作定语，修饰contact。4．previous adj.
(1)(时间上)稍前的
①I couldn't believe it when I heard the news. I'd only seen him the previous day.
听到这消息时，我不敢相信；我就在前一天还见过他。
②We had met on a previous occasion.
我们上次见过面。(2)先前的，以往的
①Applicants for the job must have previous experience.
申请这份工作的人须先前有过这种工作经验。
②I was unable to attend because of a previous engagement.
我因有约在先，无法出席。
③She had one child from the previous marriage.
她在上一次婚姻中有一个孩子。previous to sth.在……之前；先于……
previously adv.以前；先前知识拓展活学活用
(1)完成句子
来此之前我在伦敦工作。
______ ______ ______ ______， I worked in London.
答案：Previous to coming here previous to中to为介词，后接名词或动名词。(2)用恰当形式填空
(2015·浙江温州十校联考)Contrary to what I had________ (previous) thought，my new biology teacher turned out to be a rather interesting person.
答案：previously 句意：与我之前所认为的相反，我的新生物老师是一个位非常有趣的人。考查副词。空格处在句中作状语，修饰动词thought，故用副词形式。previously先前；以前。previous为形容词，不符合语境。5．guide
1)n.
(1)指导，向导，导游
①We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains.
我们雇了一名当地人做向导带领我们翻山越岭。
②He is the tribe's spiritual guide.
他是这个部落的精神领袖。
(2)指南，手册
①This book serves as a guide to grammar.
这是一本语法入门书。
②Let's have a look at the TV guide and see what's on.
咱们看看电视节目单上有什么节目。2)v.
(1)带领，指引，指导
①She guided us through the busy street to the school.
她带领我们穿过繁忙的大街去学校。
②We were guided around the museums.
我们在导游的带领下参观了博物馆。
③He was always guided by his religious beliefs.
他的言行总是以自己的宗教信仰为指导。(2)解释，阐明
The health and safety officer will guide you through the safety procedures.
健康安全官员将会给你解释一遍安全规程。
比较网站
guide，lead & direct
①She guided the tourists around the city.
她领着旅游者游览了这座城市。
②The usher led him to his seat.
引座员带他找到了座位。
③Could you direct me to the railway station?
你能给我指指去火车站的路吗？活学活用
(1)翻译句子
The local guide guided us through the busy street to the famous construction—the “Bird's Nest”．
______________________________________________
答案：当地的导游带领我们穿过繁忙的街道去那个著名的建筑——“鸟巢”。
(2)用恰当形式填空
He was always ________(guide)by his principle of honesty.
答案：guided 句意为“他总是以诚实这一原则律己”。guide“指导，引导”，此处应用被动语态。6．surrounding
(1)n. [pl.]环境
①The buildings have been designed to blend in with their surroundings.
这些建筑物设计巧妙，与周围建筑浑然一体。
②At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
开始，我周围的新环境令人难以忍受。(2)adj. 周围的，附近的
①The surrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city.
周围的村庄已经并入了那不断扩展的城市。
②Foxes started coming in from the surrounding countryside.
狐狸开始从附近的乡下跑进来。surround vt.围绕，包围
be surrounded by由……围着/包围知识拓展比较网站
surroundings & environment
图解助记
活学活用
(1)完成句子
If you don't like your ________ (环境), you should work to change it. But if you don't like your ________ (环境), you should move.
答案：surroundings; environment(2)用恰当形式填空
①(2015·江苏启东月考)—Why are you crying？Today is your birthday!
—Just can't help it.I am so excited with so many friends________(surround)me.
②________(surround)by the forest，the village has beautiful surroundings.答案：①surrounding 句意：——你为什么哭？今天是你的生日！——我控制不住了。身边有这么多朋友，我太激动了。考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作宾语补足语，宾语friends与surround之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
②Surrounded 句意：这个村子被森林环绕，有着美丽的环境。考查非谓语动词。设空处作状语，主语与surround之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式。7．tolerate vt.容忍，忍受；容许
①The school cannot tolerate cheating on exams.
学校不容许考试作弊。
②Your behaviour toward your parents will not be tolerated.
你对父母的这种行为是不能容许的。tolerate doing sth.容忍/允许做某事
tolerance n．忍受；宽容；宽恕；忍耐性
toleration n．忍受；宽容，容许
tolerant adj.忍受的，容忍的；宽容的
be tolerant of sth.能忍耐某物；容忍某物知识拓展比较网站
tolerate，bear，stand & put up with①People simply will not tolerate a bad mental attitude.
人们是绝不会容忍消极心态的。
②She couldn't bear to see animals treated cruelly.
她不忍见动物受虐待。
③I cannot stand waiting any longer.
再等下去我可受不了啦。
④If you can put up with a bit of cold air, I'd like to open the window.
如果你不怕冷风吹的话，我想打开窗子。
活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
I can't tolerate________(stay)with him；he is so selfish.
答案：staying 句意：我无法忍受和他待在一起了，他太自私了。考查非谓语动词。tolerate忍受，忍耐，后接动名词作宾语，而不能接不定式结构。
(2)真题改编
(2014·湖北卷)Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ________(tolerate)smile and let him go.
答案：tolerant 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有责备那个打破花瓶的孩子，她朝他宽容地笑了笑，让他走了。tolerant“宽容的”，符合句意。8．lack
(1)n. [U& sing.]～(of sth.)缺乏，匮乏，短缺
①The plant died for lack of water.
植物因缺水而枯死了。
②Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgement.
她的决定似乎显示出缺乏政治判断力。
(2)v. 没有，缺乏，不足，短缺
①Some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms.
有些住宅仍没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。
②She is lacking in responsibility.
她不够负责任。for/through/from/by/because of lack of因缺乏……，因无……
lack (for) nothing没有欠缺知识拓展①I haven't finished the painting for lack of time.
由于时间不够，我的画还没有完成。
②They lacked for nothing.
他们什么都不缺少。
注意：lack作名词时，后常接of；lack还可用及物和不及物动词，作不及物动词时，后常接for。
Her parents made sure that she lacked for nothing.
她的父母确保她什么都不缺。活学活用
(1)补全句子
①健康问题与坏的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。
Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and________ ________ ________exercise.
②这孩子似乎缺乏智力。
The child seems to________ ________ ________intelligence.
答案：①a lack of ②be lacking in
(2)用恰当形式填空
Jim's real problem is that he________(lack) confidence.
答案：lacks9．adjustment n.
(1)调整，调节
He made adjustment to the machine.
他对这台机器进行了调整。
(2)(思想、行为的)调整，适应
She went through a period of adjustment after the divorce.
离婚后她熬过了一段感情调整期。知识拓展
adjust v.
(1)调整，调节
This button is for adjusting the volume.
这个钮是调节音量的。
2)适应，习惯
adjust to sth./adjust oneself to sth.
She soon adjusted herself to his way of life.
她很快使自己适应了他的生活方式。
活学活用
(1)单句改错
It is necessary to make some adjustments for the seating plan.
______________________________________________
答案：把for→to(2)用恰当形式填空
①—Why were you late for the class，Jenny?
—Oh，my clock must be running slow，and it needs________ (adjust)．
答案：adjusting/to be adjusted 句意：——Jenny，你为什么上课迟到了？——哦，我的钟表一定走慢了，它需要调了。考查非谓语动词。need，want，require意为“需要”时，后面跟doing或者to be done结构。
②(2015·江苏卷改编)Some schools will have to make________(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.
答案： adjustments 句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。 10．press
1)v.
(1)按，压，挤，推，贴，熨平(衣服)
①If you press this button, the machine will start.
你按这按钮的话，机器就会发动。
②The shoes are pressing my feet.
我的鞋挤脚。
③She pressed her face against the window.
她把脸贴在窗户上。
④The photographers pressed around the royal visitors.
摄影记者们在王室贵宾周围挤来挤去。(2)逼迫，敦促
①They pressed me for an immediate decision.
他们逼我立即作决定。
②They are pressing us to make a quick decision.
他们正催促我们尽快作出决定。2)n.
(1)按，压，挤
He gave the bell another press.
他又按了一下铃。
(2)出版社
The power of the press is great.
新闻报刊的力量很强大。活学活用
(1)完成句子
①广告迫使女孩子们减肥。
Advertisements________ ________ ________girls________ ________weight.
②他后背紧紧靠在门上。
He________his back________the door.
③没有一位政治家能够忽视新闻界的力量。
No politicians can ignore the power of________ ________.
答案：①put pressure on；to lose ②pressed；against ③the press(2)用恰当形式填空
Thanks to electronic mail，today you can send a letter anywhere around the world in seconds simply by________(press)a button.
答案：pressing 句意：幸亏有了电子邮件，如今你只要按一下按钮，信件就可以在几秒钟之内发到全世界的任何地方。考查非谓语动词。设空处位于介词by之后，作by的宾语，故用动名词形式。11．flash
1) n.
(1)[C]闪光，闪耀
There was a flash of lightning a moment ago.
刚才有一道闪电。
(2)[C]～of sth.(想法的)突现；(情感的)突发
A flash of grief came upon her when she heard the news.
她听到这消息时内心感到一阵悲伤。
(3)[C]～of sth.(鲜明或鲜艳物)闪现
On the horizon, she saw a flash of silver—the sea!
她看见天边闪过一片银色——大海！2) v.
(1)飞速运动；掠过
The cars flashed by, and it was hard to see which would win.
汽车飞驰而过，很难看出哪辆车会赢。
(2)(使)闪耀，闪光
A little light flashed on the wall.
墙上的一个小灯亮了。
(3)(快速地)出示、显示
He flashed his pass at the security officer.
他向安检人员亮了一下通行证。
(4)突然想到；猛然想起
The idea flashed into his mind.
这念头突然闪过他的脑海。常与flash构成的短语有：
a flash in the pan 昙花一现
in a flash 即刻，一瞬间
as quickly as a flash 快如闪电般地
flash by/past 一闪而过
flash upon(思想、意念、回忆等)闪现心头，掠过心头，忽然想起知识拓展活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)I was about to give up the maths puzzle when an idea flashed________ my mind.
答案：upon
(2)In________ flash the boy remembered everything.
答案：a in a flash是固定词组，意思是“一瞬间”。12．switch
1) v.
(1)～(sth.)(over)(from sth.)(to sth.)|～(between A and B)(使)改变，转变，突变
①He switched the conversation from one subject to another.
他转变了话题。
②We can switch the meeting to Tuesday if you like.
如果你愿意的话，我们可以把会议的时间改为星期二。(2)～(sth.)(with sth.)|～(sth.)(over/around/round)交换，调换，转换，对调
①Our glasses have been switched—this is mine.
咱们的玻璃杯对调了——这个是我的。
②Husband and wife should switch roles (with each other) occasionally.
夫妻间应该偶尔(彼此)对调充当的角色。
(3)～(sth.)(with sb.)|～(sth.)(over/around/round)调班；临时调换工作时间
I can't work next weekend—will you switch with me?
下个周末我不能上班——咱俩调个班好不好？2) n.
(1)(电路的)开关，转换器，闸
There is a switch on the wall for turning on the lights.
墙上有一个电灯开关。
(2)～(in/of sth.)|～(from A to B)(尤指突然彻底的)改变、转变
Polls showed a switch to Labour.
民意测验表明形势转而对工党有利。知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当词语填空
The chairman decided to switch the factory ________ to bicycle production.
答案：over switch over“转变”。句意为“董事长决定使该厂改产自行车”。(2)补全句子
①现在天黑了。请打开灯。
It's dark now.Please________ ________the light.
②为了杜绝贫穷，世界银行已经把重心转移到了向发展中国家提供技术帮助和长期贷款上。
In order to stop poverty，the World Bank has________its focus________providing technical assistance and long－term loans to developing countries.
答案：①switch on ②switched；to13．optimistic adj.～(about sth.)|～(that...)乐观的，抱乐观看法的
①She's not very optimistic about the outcome of the talks.
她对会谈的结果不太乐观。
②They are cautiously optimistic that the reforms will take place.
他们对是否实行改革表示审慎的乐观。
③We are now taking a more optimistic view.
我们现在抱较乐观的看法。optimism n. 乐观，乐观主义
optimist n. 乐观者，乐观主义者知识拓展活学活用
(1)完成句子
他们似乎对公司的未来持乐观态度。
They seems________ ________the company's future.
答案：optimistic about
(2)真题改编
(2014·安徽卷)My good performance in the job interview left me optimistic________ my future and about what I can do here.
答案：about 句意：我在工作面试中的好表现让我对未来和自己在这里能做的很乐观。be optimistic about sth.对……抱乐观看法。1.take up
(1)开始从事
He decided to take up reporter as his career.
他决定把记者当作自己的职业。
(2)(尤指为消遣)学着做，开始做
The old man took up painting after retirement.
这位老人退休后开始从事画画。
(3)继续(他人未完成的事)；接着讲(以前提过的事)
She took up the story where Tim had left off.
她接着讲蒂姆未讲完的故事。
(4)进入、占据(位置)
I took up my position by the door.
我把住了门口。
(5)接受(建议或能得到的东西)
She took up his offer of a drink.
他请她喝一杯，她接受了。
(6)将(衣服等)改短(反义词：let down)
This skirt needs taking up.
这条裙子需要改短。
(7)占用(时间)；占据(空间)
Doing the English homework took up most of my weekend.
做英语作业占用了我大部分的周末时间。与take相关的短语：
take back同意收回，同意回来
take in 收留，收容(某人)；包含；了解，领悟
take off 脱掉(衣服)；(飞机)起飞
take on 雇用；显现；呈现
take out 拔掉；带(某人)出去
take over 接任，接管知识拓展活学活用
用恰当的take短语填空
(1)My study of biology has________much of my spare time，but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment.
答案：taken up 根据句意可知，尽管学习生物占用了“我”大量的空闲时间，但它也给“我”带来了许多快乐。所以填taken up。(2)The big company should be ready to take________ many talents who can often come up with a new idea for increasing sales.
答案：on 句意：这家大的公司应该准备好雇用许多有才能的人，这些人为增加销售额常常能提出新的想法。take on呈现，雇用。
(3)You'd better take________all the key points while the memory is still fresh in your mind.
答案：down 句意：你最好趁记忆犹新的时候把所有的要点都写下来。考查动词短语。take down记下；写下。2．as a result结果，因此
①As a result, I suffered from “time lag”．
结果，我得了“时间滞后症”。
②He ate some bad fish. As a result, he fell ill.
他吃了一些变质的鱼肉，结果生病了。
③They held completely different views, and as a result, they didn't reach an agreement.
他们的意见分歧很大，结果没有达成协议。as a result of(＝because of)作为……的结果，由于……
in result结果，因此
without result无效地，毫无结果地
result from由于，起因于
result in导致，造成……结果知识拓展①His carelessness resulted in the accident.
他的粗心导致了这场事故。
②His illness is a/the result of(eating)bad food.
他的病起因于吃了变质的食物。
③The accident resulted from his carelessness.
这场事故是由于他的粗心引起的。活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever；as ________ result, he could neither eat nor sleep.
答案：a 句意：我的朋友马丁患了奇怪的发烧，结果，他不能吃也不能睡。as a result表示“结果是；作为结果”。
(2)Rose was wild with joy________the result of the examination.
答案：at3．be back on one's feet (困境后)恢复，完全复原；(病后)痊愈
①She's back on her feet again after her operation.
她手术后又恢复健康了。
②The new chairman hopes to get the company back on its feet within six months.
新董事长希望在六个月以内使公司恢复元气。图解助记活学活用
(1)补全句子
琳达听到那个男孩所说的话，气愤地起身离去。
After Linda heard what the boy said, she ________ ________ ________ ________angrily and left.
答案：rose to her feet
(2)用恰当介词填空
—Has he recovered completely?
—No, it will be at least three weeks before he is back______ his feet after such a big operation.
答案：on4．lose sight of看不见；忽略；忘记
①He ran so fast that I lost sight of him soon.
他跑得如此快，我很快就看不到他了。
②We mustn't lose sight of our original aim.
我们决不能忘记我们最初的目标。
③No matter how rich and famous he became, he never lost sight of the fact that he was born in the slums.
无论他多么富有和有名气，他从不忘记他出生于贫民窟的这个事实。知识拓展
常与sight搭配的短语还有：
(1)at first sight
①乍一看，初看时
At first sight, it may look like a generous offer, but always read the small print.
乍一看，对方给出的条件好像很优厚，但任何时候都不要小看那些小号字印刷的附加条款。
②初次见到
He knew the girl was the type he fell in love with at first sight.
他知道这女孩是他一见就会爱上的那一种。(2)in the sight of sb.| in sb's sight从某人的观点看，在某人看来
Do what is right in your own sight.
做你认为对的事。
(3)lose sb's sight失明
The old man has lost his sight.
这位老人失明了。
(4)at the sight of...一看见……就……
Father was happy at the sight of the car after we cleaned it.
爸爸看到我们擦过的车非常高兴。(5)catch sight of突然看到；发现
I caught sight of her hurrying away but I didn't try to speak to her.
我看见她匆忙走开，但我并没有跟她讲话。
(6)in sight在望，看得见
Victory is in sight.
胜利在望。
(7)out of sight 在视野外，看不见
Tom waved until the car was out of sight.
汤姆不停地挥手，直到汽车看不见了为止。图解助记活学活用
(1)补全句子
我们不应忽略所涉及的问题是道德上的问题这一事实。
We should not________ ________ ________ ________ ________that the issues involved are moral ones.
答案：lose sight of the fact(2)用恰当词语填空
①All of________sudden，I________sight of my teachers and classmates in the crowd，and then I felt much calmer.
②The little child danced around his mother at________sight of her.
答案：①a；caught 句意：突然，我从人群中看到了我的老师和同学们，然后我觉得平静多了。考查冠词和动词短语。all of a sudden突然；catch sight of看到，都为固定短语。根据语境以及felt可知第二空用一般过去时态。
②the 句意：那个小孩子一见到母亲就蹦蹦跳跳地围着她转。考查冠词。at the sight of...一看到……；看到……时。5．sweep up
(1)打扫，扫除
After all the guests had left, I swept up all the mess.
所有的客人离开后，我打扫了所有垃圾。
(2)扫拢，吹拢
The wind swept up the sand into a mound.
风把沙子吹拢成一个小丘。sweep aside对……置之不理，不予理会
sweep away消灭；完全打消
sweep out打扫干净
sweep along冲走，冲过
sweep the board(在比赛中)囊括所有奖项
make a clean sweep of彻底扫除；(在比赛中)获全胜知识拓展活学活用
补全句子
咱们把书架上的灰尘扫掉吧。
Let's________ ________ ________ ________from the bookshelves.
答案：sweep up the dust1.What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome?
你认为未来的人们将克服什么问题？
此句为复杂疑问句，其句式结构为：疑问词＋do you think＋其余部分，其余部分为陈述语序。
Who do you think is the tallest in your class?
你认为谁是你们班最高的？知识拓展
(1)能用于此种句型的动词还有：suppose, imagine, suggest, expect等，如果后面从句里有否定含义，往往需要把否定转移，即把从句的否定词移到主句中。
I don't think it's right to do so.
我想这样做是不对的。(2)该句型变反意疑问句时，主句主语是第一人称且是现在时态时，反问部分与从句一致，否则与主句一致。
①I think that he has been to Beijing, hasn't he?
我认为他去过北京了，是吗？
②He thinks that their team are sure to win the game, doesn't he?
他认为他们队一定能获胜，是吗？
活学活用
完成句子
你认为我们该做些什么？
What do you think________ ________ ________？
答案：we should do2．At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
开始的时候，新的环境让人难以忍受。
本句型为“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”，不定式用于形容词后作状语，其逻辑宾语为句子主语，但不定式要用主动形式表示被动含义。若其中的动词为不及物动词，则应在其后加相应的介词。
①These programs are usually easy to receive.
这些节目通常容易接收到。
②I think this man is hard to get along with.
我认为这个人很难相处。
③The picture is pleasant to look at.
这幅画看上去很悦人。
知识拓展
该句型的主语可以是人，也可以是物。用于此句型的形容词有：easy, hard, comfortable, difficult, heavy, nice, pleasant, fit, dangerous, expensive, interesting等。
活学活用
(1)翻译句子
这个句子很难理解。
______________________________________________
答案：The sentence is hard to understand.(2)用恰当形式或词语填空
①In the job interviews，job applicants often find themselves asked unexpected questions，some very difficult ________ (answer)．
答案：to answer 句意：在工作面试中，求职者常常发现自己被问到意想不到的问题，一些很难回答。考查非谓语动词的用法。difficult后接不定式的主动形式，故答案为to answer。
②The days________we spent together on the farm are not easy________(forget)．
答案：that/which；to forget 句意：我们一起在农场度过的日子很难忘记。考查定语从句和非谓语动词。第一空引导定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词that或者which；easy后接不定式的主动形式表被动意义。3．“It will make you feel much better.”
“它会使你感觉好得多。”
much通常修饰形容词、副词的比较级而不是原级。
①Happiness is an emotion not often spoken of at the magazine, much less experienced.
幸福不是经常在杂志上提到的感情，更不用说是能够时常体验到的。
②How much longer can you wait?
你还能等多少时间？知识拓展
可以修饰比较级的词除了much之外，还有下列短语或词汇：a bit, a little, rather, far, by far, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。①It's even colder than yesterday.
今天比昨天更冷。
②That would be better still.
那就更好了。
③He's a little better this morning.
他今天早晨稍微好了一些。
④She is far better than me at writing.
她写作比我好得多。活学活用
(1)真题改编
(2014·全国大纲卷)—What did you do last weekend?
—Oh, nothing ________.
答案：much 考查副词。句意：——上周末你干什么了？——喔，没有什么事。nothing much“没什么事”。
(2)用恰当形式填空
Mary kept weighing herself to see how much ________ (heavy) she was getting.
答案：heavier 句意：玛丽不断地称量自己的体重，看看体重又增加了多少。much通常修饰形容词、副词的比较级而不是原级。4．..., and a table and chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.
……，一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术那样从地板下面升了起来。
as if/as though引导表语从句或状语从句，从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反；有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。常译作“仿佛……似的”，“好像……似的”。①He looks as if/as though he had been hit by lighting.
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。(与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。)
②It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看来天气很快就会好起来。(实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。)知识拓展
as if/as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语(也可以看作是状语从句的省略)。
①He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time.
他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。
②He cleared his throat as if to say something.
他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。活学活用
(1)补全句子
他说话的口气好像他已经全部知道了。
He talked as if ________ ________ ________ all about it.
答案：he had known
(2)用恰当形式填空
The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as though ________ (see) whether he was going in the right direction.
答案：to see as if/as though从句可用省略形式，此句补充完整为：...as though he was to see...。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A lighthouse was________(闪光) in the distance.
2．She got quickly into her car and f______the seat belt.
3．Even with the phone________(按；压)to his ear, he couldn't hear what she was saying.
4．The affairs of state are________(不断地)on the Prime Minister's mind.
5．If you don't have a compass, use the stars to g________you.
6．Alison squeezed through a narrow________(开口) in the fence.7．Climate and weather affect every a________of our lives.
8．The two countries are trying to agree a________(时间表)for formal talks.
9．She said that she was________(乐观的)about the future of the company.
10．The books left a deep i______on him.
答案：1.flashing 2.fastened 3.pressed 4.constantly 5.guide 6.opening 7.aspect 8.timetable 9.optimistic 10.impressionⅡ.选词填空
1．________self－confidence, Tomlost interest in English.
2．I watched the plane go higher and higher until I________it.
3．She spoke to me________she knew me.
4．He________the room when no one was looking.5．________Mr Smith, a new teacher, came into his class，he got greatly encouraged.
6．After several days' good rest, he finally________.
7. He________learning actively and confidently.
8．Tom'sachievementshave________us.
9．He had to________，or he had to give up.
10．Before moving into his new apartment，Peter________it________thoroughly.
答案：1. For lack of 2. lost sight of 3. as though 4. slid into 5. The instant 6. was back on his feet 7. took up 8. made a great impression on 9. make adjustments 10. swept；upⅢ.用适当的介词填空
1．One way to catch a glimpse ________the future is to examine some major trends ________contemporary society.
2．We will be well prepared ________whatever the future may have ________store.
3．New discoveries ________genetics and biochemistry may lead ________changes ________the way diseases are cured.
4．We can study at home________watching educators________TV or________a computer screen.
5．I'll send my e－friend to clean ________ my room and I'll travel back ________time to visit you.
答案：1.of; in 2.for; in 3.in; to; in 4.by; on; on 5.up; inUnit 3 Section Ⅱ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It is known to us all that the English language is________(持续不断地) changing.
2．If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will________(劝服) her.
3．They drove 600 miles across the________(沙漠)．
4．Eventuallyshemanagedtoo________her shyness in class.
5．Modern houses have replaced the m________huts with grass roofs.
6．He s________the letter into his pocket while no one was looking.
答案：1.constantly 2.persuade 3.desert 4.overcome 5.mud 6.slid
Ⅱ.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
fill in, speed up, on earth, bend over, take up，lose sight of, remind of, persuade ... to....，pick out, leave alone
1．What________are you going to do in the coming weekend?
2. As I________， my fountain pen fell to the ground, broken.
3．If you want your free copy of the Patients' Charter，________this form.
4．He has finally________the post of the society's president.
5．Nothing on earth could________me ________take his advice.
6．You should notice that your breathing has________a bit.
7．A railway station is no place for a child to be ________at night.
8．She was________from thousands of applicants for the job.
9．He was________his father's devotion to his garden.
10．I watched the plane go higher and higher until I________it.
答案：1.on earth 2.bent over 3.fill in 4.taken up 5.persuade；to 6.speeded up 7.left alone 8.picked out 9.reminded of 10.lost sight of
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．The meeting is held yesterday is of great importance.
________________________________________________________________________
2．Having deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.
________________________________________________________________________
3．To give more water, the tree can be saved.
________________________________________________________________________
4．Being devoted to his research work, the professor cared little about other things.
________________________________________________________________________
5．Seating at the back of the classroom, he couldn't see the blackboard clearly.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.去掉第一个is。
2．Having deeply moved改为Deeply moved
3．To give改为Given
4．Being devoted改为Devoted
5．Seating改为Seated
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．小偷趁没人注意时溜进了房间。
The thief________ ________the room while no one was looking.
2．我们把落叶堆在角落里，然后把地打扫干净。
Let's pile up the fallen leaves in the corner and________ ________the ground.
3．只有鼠目寸光的人才会无视教育的重要性。
Only short－sighted men will________ ________ ________the importance of education.
4．离开学校以后，他就从事了新闻工作。
When he left school he________ ________journalism.
5．我们希望新的经济方案能让我们国家重新站起来。
We hope with new economic program our country would________ ________ ________ ________.
6．你对伦敦的第一印象是什么？
What was your________ ________of London?
7．这个计划因缺乏资金而被放弃了。
The project was abandoned________ ________ ________funds.
8．他们在下结论之前做了充分的调查研究。
They made full investigations________ ________reaching a conclusion.
9．他把一张10美元的钞票塞入了我的手中。
He________a ten－dollar bill________my hand.
10．我从书店出来时看见她上了公共汽车。
I________ ________ ________her getting on the bus when I came out of the bookstore.
答案：1.slid into 2.sweep up 3.lose sight of 4.took up 5.be back on its feet 6.first impression 7.for lack of 8.previous to 9.pressed；into 10.caught sight of
Ⅴ.句型转换
1．Although the players were beaten by the opposite team, they were not discouraged but practiced harder.
→________________________ ________ ________ ________， the players were not discouraged but practiced harder.
2．She was dressed in white and appeared suddenly.
→________ ________ ________， she appeared suddenly.
3．The meeting, which was attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.
→Themeeting________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， welcomed the great hero.
4．Accepted by the club，he has taken part in several activities held by it.
→________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________， he has taken part in several activities held by it.
5．Once seen，it will not be forgotten.
________ ________ ________ ________，it will not be forgotten.
答案：1. Although beaten by the opposite team 2.Dressed in white 3. attended by over five thousand people 4.After he was accepted by the club 5.Once it is seen
Ⅵ.完形填空
A grown man found__1__once again fascinated with a cocoon. He had__2__it at the side of the park path. Somehow the twig had been knocked from the tree and the cocoon had__3__undamaged and still woven to the branch.
As he had seen his mother do, he__4__protected it by wrapping it in his handkerchief and carried it home. The cocoon found a__5__home in a jar with holes in the lid. The man__6__it every day. One day, for the first time, the cocoon moved. He watched more closely and soon the cocoon was trembling with activity. Nothing else__7__. The cocoon remained tightly glued to the twig and there was no__8__of wings.
Finally the shaking became so__9__， and the man thought the butterfly would die from the__10__.He removed the lid on the jar, took a sharp pen knife from his desk drawer, and__11__made a tiny slit in the side of the cocoon. Almost immediately, one wing appeared and then outstretched the other. The butterfly was__12__！
It seemed to__13__its freedom and walked along the edge of the jar. But it didn't fly. At first the man thought the__14__needed time to dry, but time passed and still the butterfly did not__15__.
The man was worried and called up his neighbor who __16__high school science. He told the neighbor__17__he had found the cocoon, placed it in the mason jar, and the terrible trembling as the butterfly struggled to get out. When he __18__how he had carefully made a small slit in the cocoon，the teacher stopped him, “ Oh, that is the__19__.You see，the struggle is what gives the butterfly the strength to fly.”
And so it is with us. Sometimes it's the struggles in life that__20__us the most.
文章大意：一个人发现了一个即将破茧的蚕蛹，于是把它放进一个坛子里。当他看到蚕蛹破茧时的痛苦和挣扎，就拿来一把刀把蚕茧割开，让蝴蝶出来，可是好几天过去了，蝴蝶竟然不会飞翔……。
1．A.myself B．yourself
C．himself D．herself
答案：C 根据下文中的He had ___2__it at the side of the park path.可知，此处指他自己(himself)。
2．A.searched B．found
C．raised D．pulled
答案：B 联系下文中的Somehow the twig had been knocked from the tree，可知他是在路边发现(found)茧的。误解分析：易误选A项，search的意思是“查找”，与文意不符。
3．A.hidden B．appeared
C．existed D．survived
答案：D 结合句中的knocked和undamaged等语境可以推知，此处指它活下来了(survived)且没有受伤。
4．A.gently B．quickly
C．partly D．easily
答案：A 根据下文中的The man__6__it every day及语境可知他对茧的关心，所以他很温和地(gently)把它包起来。
5．A.wonderful B．temporary
C．forever D．luxurious
答案：B 茧子原来在树上，破茧后要到处飞翔，故此处指暂时的(temporary)家。
6．A.met B．noticed
C．recognized D．watched
答案：D 根据下文中的One day，for the first time，the cocoon moved.等语境可以推知，他每天都观察茧子。
7．A.helped B．arose
C．happened D．proved
答案：C 联系下文中的The cocoon remained tightly glued to the twig and there was no ___8__of wings可知，茧子只是颤动，并没有发生(happened)别的事情，也就是破茧飞出。
8．A.sign B．mark
C．signal D．scene
答案：A 作者看到茧子一直在挣扎，也没有飞出的征兆(sign)，所以才发生了下段中的事情。
9．A.nervous B．weak
C．terrible D．strong
答案：D 根据句中的the man thought the butterfly would die from the __10__可知，茧子的颤动很激烈(strong)。
10．A.beat B．struggle
C．quarrel D．fight
答案：B 联系上文中的the shaking等信息可以推知，这个人认为蝴蝶会死于挣扎(struggle)。
11．A.confidently B．finally
C．carefully D．proudly
答案：C 他一直很关心茧子，也一直很照顾它，由此可知他很小心地(carefully)把茧子割开了一道口子。
12．A.free B．different
C．happy D．alive
答案：A 他用刀把茧子割开了一道口子，蝴蝶当然很快就获得自由(free)了。
13．A.hate B．share
C．desire D．enjoy
答案：D 蝴蝶不用挣扎了，看起来也很享受(enjoy)它的自由。
14．A.arms B．wings
C．feet D．hands
答案：B 蝴蝶飞行需要翅膀，由此可知，这里指蝴蝶的翅膀(wings)变干燥需要时间。
15．A.take off B．get down
C．bring up D．come out
答案：A 根据上文中的But it didn't fly可知，时间过去了，但是蝴蝶还是不能起飞(take off)。
16．A.searched B．invented
C．taught D．observed
答案：C 根据下文中的the teacher stopped him可知，邻居是教(taught)高中科学的一位老师。
17．A.where B．how
C．when D．why
答案：B 因为蝴蝶不能飞，所以他向邻居介绍，包括怎么(how)发现蝴蝶等。
18．A.explained B．imagined
C．expressed D．described
答案：D 联系上文中的He told the neighbor可知，这里指他描述(described)他的做法。
19．A.reason B．purpose
C．excuse D．evidence
答案：A 结合上文中的When he described how he had carefully made a small slit in the cocoon可知，这是老师所指的原因(reason)。
20．A.strike B．trouble
C．strengthen D．encourage
答案：C 根据上文中的the struggle is what gives the butterfly the strength to fly可知，这里指生活中的挣扎能使得我们更有力量(strengthen)。
Ⅶ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once a farmer's donkey(驴) fell into a deep well. The animal cried loudly for hours, but thefarmer couldn't figure out what to do __1__ it. Finally, he decided that the animal was old and that the well needed to be covered anyway, so he__2__(think) the donkey wasn't worth saving.
Then, he invited some of his neighbors to come over and help__3__. They all took a shovel (铁铲) and began to put dirt into the well.
At first, the donkey realized what was happening and cried__4__(pitiful). Then, to everyone's surprise, the donkey became quiet. A few shovel loads later, the farmer looked down into the well and was astonished at__5__he saw.
Each shovel of dirt hit its back, but the donkey was doing something __6__(amaze). It was shaking the dirt off and taking a step up.__7__ the neighbors continued to put more dirt on top of the animal, it would shake the dirt off and take one more step up.
Pretty soon everyone was surprised as the donkey stepped up over the edge of__8__ well and ran off happily!
When life sometimes __9__(put) dirt on you, the best way of getting out of the well is to shake the dirt off and take a step up. Each of your troubles is a stepping stone. You can get out of the deepest well just__10__ never giving up!
文章大意：本文是一篇寓言故事，主要讲了一头掉到井里的驴如何成功自救的故事。这个故事告诉我们：遭遇逆境时不能绝望，要用积极的态度去面对，这样就可能将掩埋你的“沙土”变成你成功的垫脚石。
答案：
1．with/for/about 根据语境可知，此处可以指“应对、处理这件事”的意思，与“do”连用，故可以填with或about；同时“it”也可以指代“驴”，此时可以填“for”。
2．thought 根据上句时态“decided”可知，本句也用一般过去时。故填thought。
3．him 根据上下文语境可知，他邀请邻居过来帮他一起填埋这头驴。故填him。
4．pitifully 所给词是用来修饰谓语动词“cried”的，修饰动词应用副词。故填pitifully。
5．what 根据题干结构可知，本句话包含一个宾语从句，从句中缺少“saw”的宾语，意为“所……的”。故填what。
6．amazing 所给词在句中用来修饰不定代词“something”，意为“令人感到惊奇的”。故填amazing。
7．As/When 根据两句话之间的语境逻辑可知，此处所缺词应意为“随着……”或者“当……时”。故填As/When。注意首字母应大写。
8．the 此处特指上文提到的这口井。故填the。
9．puts 根据题干可知，所给词作谓语；同时这是这则寓言故事的道理，因此时态应用一般现在时。故填puts。
10．by 根据语境可知，此处所填词与动名词连用，表示方式手段。故填by。
课件79张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5 Life in the futureUnit 3Section Ⅱ Learning about LanguageⅠ.短语互译
1．______________________按下
2．______________________ 加速
3．search for ______________________
4．be lacking in____________press downspeed up寻找缺乏Ⅱ.语法运用
选出下列过去分词短语在句子中所充当的状语的种类。
A．原因状语 B．让步状语 C．条件状语
D．结果状语 E．时间状语
1．Told that his mother was ill, Li Lin hurried home quickly.
2．Broken down on the highway, his car was carried away by the police.
3．Given a few minutes, I will finish the work.
4．Explained a hundred times, he still can not understand it.
5．He fell off a tall tree, his leg broken.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________
答案：1.E 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.DⅢ.用所给动词的正确形式完成句子
1．Children，when______________ (accompany)by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
2．Clearly and thoughtfully________(write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
3．Misunderstandings__________ (result)from lack of social communication，unless________(deal)with properly，may lead to serious problems.accompaniedwrittenresultingdealt
4．Unless________(invite)to speak，you should remain silent at the conference.
5．________(give)time，he'll make a first－class tennis player.invitedGiven1.remind v.
(1)～sb.(about/of sth.)|～sb. to do sth.|～sb. that...提醒
①Please remind me again nearer to the time of the interview.
到快面试时请再提醒我一下。
②In case I forget, please remind me about it.
我要是忘了，请提醒我。
③Remind me to answer that letter.
提醒我回复那封信。
④I reminded her how much the fare was.
我提醒她车票的价钱。
(2)～sb. of sb./sth.使想起(类似的人、地方、事物等)
①He reminds me of his brother.
我见到他便想起了他的哥哥。
②This song reminds me of France.
我一听到这首歌就想起了法国。比较网站
remind, memorize, remember
这些动词均有“记忆，记住，回忆”之意。①If I remember correctly, your brother went to Canada ten years ago.
如果我记得不错的话，你兄弟十年前就到加拿大去了。
②The story reminds me of an experience I once had.
这个故事使我想起我的一次亲身经历。
③If you memorize a poem, you can say it without looking at a book.
你若记住一首诗，不看书就能脱口而出。活学活用
用恰当词语或形式填空
(1)________(remind)not to miss the flight at 15?20，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.
答案：Reminded remind意为“提醒”。句意：在有人提醒不要耽误了15?20的航班后，经理匆忙出发去机场了。主语the manager与动词remind为动宾关系，所以用过去分词，表被动。
(2)Mary, I reminded John ________ his promise to help you.
剖析：of 考查动词辨析。remind sb.of sth.“提醒某人某事”。根据句意填of。2．swift adj.
(1)～(to do sth.)迅速发生的，马上做出的，迅速的
They've been very swift to deny these rumors.
他们在辟谣方面反应迅速。
(2)速度快的；敏捷的，矫健的
The river is too swift to swim.
这河的水流太急，不能游泳。①He walked swiftly towards home down the dark street.
他沿着黑暗的街道迅速地走回家去。
②Nobody can bring us swiftly, painlessly into the promised land.
无人能够把我们迅速地、毫无痛苦地带进理想之园。swiftly adv. 飞快地，迅速地，敏捷地知识拓展
活学活用
完成句子
我们应该迅速作出决定。
We should make________ ________ ________.
答案：a swift decision3．bend
(1)v.
①(尤指人的身体或头部)(使)倾斜，偏向
She bent (over) to pick up a book from the floor.
她弯腰从地板上捡起一本书。
②(使四肢等)弯曲
Touch your toes without bending your knees.
用手够到你的脚趾，膝盖别弯曲。
③把……弄弯(或折起)
It's hard to bend an iron bar.
把铁棒弄弯很不容易。④(使)拐弯，弯曲
The road bends to the right after a few yards.
这条路在几码远的地方转向右方。
(2)n. [C](尤指道路或河流的)拐弯，弯道
①I can't see if there is a car coming because there is a bend in the road.
我看不见是否有小汽车开过来，因为路上有个拐弯。
②There is a sharp bend in the road here.
这段路上有一处急转弯。图解助记bend one's mind/efforts to sth.致力于某事，专心致志于某事
bend sb. to sth.迫使，说服知识拓展①He couldn't bend his mind to his studies.
他不能专心学习。
②She tried to bend her husband to her wishes.
她设法使丈夫顺从她的愿望。活学活用
用恰当形式填空
Can you bend down and touch your toes without ________ (bend) your knees?
答案：bending4．desert adj.沙漠的，荒凉的
One person can live on a desert island without being disturbed.
一个人生活在荒岛上就不会被打扰。
①Helen was deserted by her husband.
海伦被她丈夫抛弃了。
②Few kinds of plants grow in the desert.
仅有几种植物在沙漠上生长。desert vt.抛弃；遗弃 n．沙漠，荒漠知识拓展活学活用
(1)补全句子
这个党的很多传统支持者在上一次选举中抛弃了它。
Many of the party's traditional voters ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：deserted it at the last election(2)用适当形式填空
A farmer family in Dong Yang were astonished by the astonishing fact that a boy baby________(desert)on the road to their fields.
答案：was deserted 句意：一个男婴被遗弃在东阳一农户家到田地的路上，这个令人震惊的事实让这家人感到很谅讶。根据句意可知“遗弃”的动作发生在过去，并且应该用被动语态。1.speed up(使)加速
①They have speeded up production.
他们加快了生产速度。
②A technique uses two or more input or output units in an attempt to speed up input and output operations.
为加速输入输出操作，采用了两个或多个输入输出部件的技术。(1)常与speed搭配的短语：
at a speed of... 以……的速度
at speed 疾驶
reduce speed 减速
pick up/gather speed 加速
with all speed 全速
at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速
(2)speed up反义短语为slow down知识拓展活学活用
(1)补全句子
他们正在加宽桥梁以加快车流速度。
They are broadening the bridge ________ ________ ________the flow of traffic.
答案：to speed up(2)用恰当介词填空
The speed________which light travels is said to be the maximum in the universe.
答案：at 句意：据说光的传播速度是宇宙中最快的。考查介词。at high/low speed以高速/低速，由此可知speed与介词at搭配。本句中speed为先行词，后接定语从句，which代指speed，故填介词at。2．pick out
(1)精心挑选
①She was picked out from thousands of applicants for the job.
从数千人中挑选出她来做这份工作。
②We had a lot of fun picking out a present for Mary.
我们觉得为玛丽选礼物很有趣。(2)认出来，辨别出
①It was just possible to pick out the hut on the side of the mountain.
那小舍坐落在山边，隐约可见。
②She was able to pick out her attacker from these people.
她能够从这些人中辨认出袭击她的人。①He picked over the tomatoes, looking for the ripest ones.
他把西红柿拿起来仔细看，要挑选最熟的。
②Pick over the beans carefully in case there are any stones among them.
把这些豆子里的沙粒挑出去。
③Don't pick off any of these flowers.
这些花一朵也不要采摘。pick over用心挑选；筛选
pick off去除，剪除知识拓展活学活用
(1)补全句子
电影院里太黑我几乎辨认不出我的朋友。
It was so dark in the cinema ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________my friend.
答案：that I could hardly pick out
(2)用恰当的介副词填空
The child was so unique. Though he was lost in the crowd, I easily picked him________.
答案：out过去分词作状语
过去分词作状语，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况。其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且与主语之间构成逻辑上的“动宾关系”，即“被动关系”。过去分词短语作条件、原因以及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。Ⅰ.过去分词作状语时的功能
1)原因状语
①Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。
②Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn't dare sleep in her room.
被夜晚的响声惊吓，那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里了。
2)时间状语
①Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty.
当被问及为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。
②Approached in the dark the bulbs looked lonely and purposeless.
在黑暗中走进时，那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。
3)条件状语和假设状语
①Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
②Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided.
要是多加注意，那次事故就可以避免了。
4)方式状语或伴随状语
①Surrounded by his students, the professor sat there cheerfully.
那位教授在学生们的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。
②He stood there silently, moved to tears.
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。5)让步状语
①Beaten by the police, sent to jail, Gandhi invented the principle of nonviolent resistance.
尽管受警察的殴打，被投入监牢，甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。
②Defeated again, he did not lose heart.
尽管再次被击败，但他没有灰心。
6)独立成分(插入语)
①Given good weather, our ship will reach Shanghai Monday evening.
假如天气好，我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。
②Put frankly, I don't agree with what he said.
坦白地说，我不同意他所说的话。Ⅱ.与状语从句的转换
1)过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when, while或after等引导的状语从句。
Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.
→When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.
从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。2)作条件状语，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的状语从句。
Given more time, she would certainly have done much better.
→If she had been given more time, she would certainly have done much better.
如果有更多时间的话，她一定会干得更好些。
3)作原因状语，可转换为as, since或because等引导的状语从句。
The children, exhausted, fell asleep at once.
→As the children were exhausted they fell asleep at once.
由于劳累，孩子们很快就睡着了。 4)作让步状语，可转换为although, though或even if等引导的状语从句。
Although exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.
→Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey.
我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。
5)作方式状语，如有连词as if，就转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。
He began to cry as if bitten by a snake.
→He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake.
他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。
6)作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。
Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter.
→Aunt Wu came in, and (she) was followed by her daughter.
吴大娘走进来，(她)后面跟着她的女儿。知识拓展
1)现在分词与过去分词作状语在“逻辑”方面的差异：
现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语最主要的区别在于两者与所修饰的主语是主动还是被动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
①Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。
②Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。 2)现在分词与过去分词作状语在“时间”方面的差异：
过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，或表示一种状态，与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行；现在分词的完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“主动”动作；现在分词的完成式的被动式(having been done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“被动”动作，常常和表示次数的短语以及时间段(for短语)连用，此时不能被过去分词所替换。其他情况下通常被过去分词所替换，使句式更简洁。
①Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!
因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。
②Reading carefully, he found something he had not known before.
他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。
③Having been discussed several times, the decision was finally made.
进行了几次讨论之后，终于作出了决定。3)部分过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，其前不用being。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(陷入某种状态)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；stationed(驻扎)；lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)；dressed in(穿着)；tired of(厌烦)等。
①Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.
因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。
②Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。4)过去分词用作状语时，前面往往带有when, if, while, though, even if等连词，这样就能使过去分词所表示的意义更加明确。这种带有连词的过去分词结构通常可看作是一种省略句，句中省略的部分总是“主语＋be的相应变化形式”，省略的主语通常与主句的主语相同。
①When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.
当你做体检时要保持镇定。
②Because beaten twice a day, he was too afraid to go home.
因为一天被打了两次，他太恐惧了以至于不敢回家。5)分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致；否则分词(短语)就要有自己的逻辑主语(用名词或代词的主格来表示)。这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构常放在句首。表示时间、条件、原因时，其作用分别相当于一个时间、条件、原因状语从句。表示伴随方式时，相当于一个并列句。
①The signal given, the bus started.
信号一发出，汽车就开动了。
②The football match (being) over, crowds of people poured out into the street.
足球赛一结束，人群便涌到了大街上。帮学助记
分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用－ing, 被动用－ed, having done表先后，千万要牢记。高考真题改编
1．(2015·天津卷改编)________(absorb)in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.
答案：Absorbed 句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句中作状语。故填absorbed。
2．(2014·天津卷改编)Clearly and thoughtfully ________(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
答案：written 考查非谓语动词。句意：因为清晰周到地被写出来，这本书鼓舞了想寻找自己答案的学生的自信心。the book与write之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词。3．(2014·江西卷改编)________(spend)nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.
答案：Having spent 考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：花光了我们差不多所有的钱，我们住不起旅馆了。动词spend与主语we之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；又动作spend发生在主句动作couldn't afford之前，所以用having done形式作状语，表示主动，强调完成。
4．(2014·湖南卷改编)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, ________(stare)at the night sky.
答案：staring 考查非谓语动词。所填词作伴随状语，与lying的动作同时进行，且与逻辑主语是主动关系，用v－ing的一般式，故填staring。5．(2014·江苏卷改编)The lecture ________(give), a lively question－and－answer session followed.
答案：having been given 考查非谓语动词。a lively question－and－answer session followed“紧跟着是一个问答环节”，是句子主干，所以逗号前面部分是要用非谓语动词作状语，the lecture与give之间是被动关系，又give动作发生在follow动作之前，所以要用having been done形式作状语，即表示被动，又强调完成，故填having been given。专项练习
1．________(found)in the early 20thcentury, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
答案：Founded 考查非谓语动词。句意：建立于20世纪早期，这所学校一直激发着孩子们对艺术的热爱。此处为非谓语动词作状语，与句子的主语school之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。2．________(lose)in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
答案：Lost 句意为“由于陷入沉思，他差一点撞到前面的车上”。be lost in thought为固定搭配，意为“陷入沉思”。过去分词短语lost in thought在句中作原因状语。
3．________(surround)by a group of journalists and ________(turn)to nobody for help, the famous actress finally covered her face with a hat.
答案：Surrounded; turning 句意为“被一群记者包围着而又无人可以寻求帮助，这位女演员最后用帽子捂住了脸”。句子的主语the famous actress与surround之间是动宾关系，与turn之间是主动关系，故用surrounded和turning作状语。
4．________(mail)out automatically the e－mail will be received by all the club members.
答案：Mailed 句意：这封电子邮件自动发出，俱乐部的所有成员都能收到。本题考查分词作方式状语。动词mail的逻辑主语是句子的主语e－mail，邮件是被寄出，所以采用过去分词表示“被动”和“完成”的含义。注意：不定式短语在句中只能担任“目的状语”、“原因状语”和“结果状语”。5．My cousin came to see me from the country, ________(bring)me a full basket of fresh fruits.
答案：bringing 句意：表兄从乡下来看我，给我带来了一篮子新鲜的水果。现在分词短语bringing me a full basket of fresh fruits在句中作伴随状语，表示与谓语动作同时发生的一个主动动作。
6．Michael's new house is like a huge palace, ________(compare)with his old one.
答案：compared compare与逻辑主语Michael's new house之间构成被动关系。句意：和旧房子相比，迈克尔的新房子就像巨大的宫殿。
7．________(give)the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars.
答案：Given 考查非谓语动词用法。give所表示的动作与句子主语these teenage soccer players构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。句意：如果给予他们正确的训练，这些十几岁的足球运动员或许在将来的某一天会成长为国际巨星。
8．________(face)with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
答案：Faced 句意：面对如此多的困难，我们没有准时完成任务。过去分词短语在句中作原因状语，转化为原因状语从句为：As we were faced with so much trouble，...其中，be faced with表示“面对，面临”。
9．________(dress)in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
答案：Dressed 句意：身穿白色制服，他看起来与其说是一位医生倒不如说是位厨师。本题考查过去分词作原因状语，相当于As he was dressed in a white uniform，...；其中，be dressed in表示“穿着……”。
10．“You can't catch me！” Janet shouted，________(run)away.
答案：running 句意：“你抓不住我！”珍妮特喊着跑远了。现在分词running在句中作伴随状语，表示一个与谓语动词shout同时发生的主动动作。11．He glanced over at her, ________(note)that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.
答案：noting 句意：他瞥了她一眼，注意到尽管她身体纤弱，但看起来小巧玲珑。分词(短语)在句中担任方式或伴随状语(通常位于句末)。此外，句子的主语he与动词note之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，应采用现在分词作状语，表示一个与谓语动词glanced at同时发生的动作。
12．Daddy didn't mind what we were doing, as long as we were together，________(have)fun.
答案：having 句意：爸爸并不介意我们做什么，只要我们一起玩得高兴就行。在as long as引导的条件状语从句中，现在分词短语having fun作伴随状语，表示一个与从句谓语动词were together同时发生的主动动作。13．“We can't go out in this weather，” said Bob，________(look)out of the window.
答案：looking 句意：鲍勃双眼盯着窗外，说道“在这种天气状况下，我们不能外出。”分词(短语)在句中担任伴随状语。此外，动词look与句子的主语Bob在逻辑上构成主谓关系，且与谓语动词said同时发生，应采用现在分词的一般式。分词(短语)可以作方式或伴随状语(通常位于句末)，不定式不可以。
14．The old man，________(work)abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.
答案：having worked 句意：在海外工作了20年后，那位老人即将重返祖国。本题考查现在分词的完成式在句中担任时间状语，相当于时间状语从句：After he has worked abroad for twenty years，...。15．They use computers to keep the traffic ________ (run) smoothly.
答案：running 句意：他们使用计算机来保持交通畅通无阻。keep表示“保持或继续处于……的状态”，后接形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、名词以及副词等担任宾语补足语，但不能采用不定式(短语)。例如：Sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 对不起，让你久等了。此外，run表示“运转，运行”，通常用作不及物动词。例如：The machine won't run smoothly. 这台机器运转不灵。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The two cars are running at all________(速度)．
2. He lost his best________(机会)．
3．Where did you go? Why is there so much________(泥浆) on your shoes?
4．Boys and girls, I've made a few minor________(调整) to the seating plan.
5．After graduating from college, he chose to work in that________(沙漠) region.6．Whether we like it or not, what we wear helps form a first i________.
7．Whether it will come about is________(不确定的)．
8．Every day there are seven lessons. This is my________ (时刻表) for Monday.
答案：1.speed 2.opportunity 3.mud 4.adjustments 5.desert 6.impression 7.uncertain 8.timetableⅡ.翻译短语
1．接受我的奖励 __________________
2．感到非常紧张和心神不定 __________________
3．使我们感到昏昏欲睡 __________________
4．剩下很少的氧气 __________________
5．立刻；马上 __________________
6．领取由电脑控制的汽垫车 __________________
7．看不见…… __________________
8．打扫；横扫 __________________
9．看见，瞥见 __________________
10．由公司组织的一些参观 __________________
答案：1.take up my prize 2.feel very nervous and uncertain
3．make us sleepy 4.have little oxygen left 5.in no time 6.collect a hovering carriage driven by computer 7.lose sight of 8.sweep up 9.catch sight of 10.some visits organized by the companyⅢ.用分词短语改写句子
1．Although they were exhausted by the climb, they continued their journey.
________ ________ ________ ________， they continued their journey.
2．When he was asked what had happened，he lowered his head.
________ ________ ________ ________，he lowered his head.
________ ________ ________， she suddenly appeared.3．Mr. Smith came in and he was followed by his son.
Mr. Smith came in, ______ ________ ________ ________.
4．As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.
________ ________ ________ ________ he has made, he works harder.
5．Once it is seen, it will not be forgotten.
________ ________， it will not be forgotten.
答案：1.Exhausted by the climb 2.Asked what had happened 3.followed by his son 4.Encouraged by the progress 5.Once seenUnit 3 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She married an American and became a US________(公民)．
2．Don't throw the waste everywhere. Pleaseput it into the d______.
3．We will choose Tom as our________(代表) to attend the conference.
4．For an ________(片刻), he thought he heard steps of someone approaching.
5．He looked at the gold with________(贪婪的)eyes.
6．The stronger the________(动机)is，the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.
7．In my version of the story，I added some new________(素材)．
8．You are asked to________(服)a capsule containing vitaminB.
9．We take all our bottles and newspapers to be________(回收)．
10．Union leaders and company bosses will meet tomorrow in an attempt to reach a s______of all these troubles.
答案：1.citizen 2.dustbin 3.representative 4. instant 5.greedy 6.motivation 7.material 8.swallow 9.recycled 10.settlement
Ⅱ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1．Had he not been greedy________money and power, he would not have broken the law.
2．Don't be late for spreading spring fertilizer________the crops.
3．People were surprised by the picturesthe satellite sent________to earth.
4．There are 13 people________the space station right now.
5．The six astronauts on board will spend ten days________space.
6．Don't hesitate and we must move________.Or we will be late for the activity.
7．I hesitate to describe him________a really clever man.
8．Maybe you can teach me how to work________a computer someday.
9．Your book looks more interesting than mine. Do you want to swap it________me?
10．Now, can you lift your arm________your head?
答案：1.for 2.for 3.back 4.on 5.in 6.on 7.as 8.on 9.with 10.over
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．Who knows what will happen in the time that will come after the present?
→Who knows what will happen________ ________ ________？
2．I find this man is so hard that we can't get along with him.→I find this man________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
3．They are searching for the missing child.
→They are________ ________ ________the missing child.
4．Think of the matter well before you make a decision.
→________ the matter well before________ ________ ________.
5．I told him the news as soon as I saw him.
→I told him the news________ ________I saw him.
答案：1.in the future 2.hard to get along with 3.in search of 4.Consider; making a decision 5.the instant/the moment/the minute
Ⅳ.补全句子
1．这封信让我想起二十年前在我的法国朋友家的一次聚会。
This letter ________me ________the party at my French friend's house 20 years________.
2．这对双胞胎姐妹性格上很相像。
These two twin sisters ________ very ________ ________ each other in character.
3．36个小时的努力工作使得我的头疼得非常厉害。
________ ________ ________ ________ 36 hours' hard work, my head ached very much.
4．鲁迅以写作为武器与敌人作斗争。
Lu Xun ________ ________writing to ________________the enemies.
5．所有的中国人为新中国的巨大变化感到高兴。
All the Chinese people________very ________ ________find New China changed so much.
答案：1.reminded, of, ago 2.are, similar to 3.As a result of 4.took up, fight against 5.are, happy to
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
We don't know how different our future will be in the future. We can only try to imagine it.
At first we think about human relationship. In the year 2050, we will use computers almost every day. We will be making new friends through the Internet—even our husbands or wives will be met in this way. It will be much faster and easier for us. On the other hand, our relationships with people won't be as important as they are today—we will feel a little lonely.
Computers will also help us in many other activities in 2050. For example, they will be used by the children at school to make their learning easier. In addition, there will be much more other machines which will play asimilar role as computers，like robots which will do the housework for us.
Spending holidays will also be completely different. Traveling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone. Means of transport will, of course, change, too. We will be using solar－powered cars，which will be much more environmentally friendly.
We could expect that the faster technological progress would lead to a more polluted environment. But it isn't true. We will pay more attention to protecting the environment. And，scientists will probably find cures for many dangerous diseases, like cancer or AIDS. Therefore, our surroundings as well as our health will be in a better condition.
Although we can't predict the exact changes which will be made in the world, we often think about them. We worry about our and our children's future; we have expectations, hopes as well as fears. But I think we should be rather sanguine about our future. We should be happy and believe good things will happen.
文章大意：我们不知道我们的未来将如何不同，我们只能想象它。尽管我们不能预言未来的世界将会怎样，但我们仍然抱着积极乐观的态度。
1．Why will people probably feel a little lonely in 2050?
A．Because the number of people will become much smaller.
B. Because people won't communicate with each other much often.
C. Because people won't like making friends with each other.
D. Because there will be less face－to－face communication.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第二段段落大意，电脑改变了我们交流和沟通的方式，可知选D。
2．According to the passage，which of the following will happen in 2050?
A．It won't be difficult for people to travel to other planets.
B．The way of spending holidays will be the same as that of today.
C．The relationship between people will be more important than today.
D．Our environment will be much more polluted with a growing number of cars.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第四段“Traveling to other planets or to the moon will be available for everyone.”可知每个人都可以去其他行星或月球旅行，故选A。
3．The underlined word “sanguine” in the last paragraph most probably means“________”．
A．disappointed B．optimistic
C．curious D．surprised
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据第六段“We worry about our and our children's future；we have expectations，hopes as well as fears. But I think we should be rather sanguine about our future”可知，我们担心我们和我们孩子的未来；我们有期望、希望和恐惧。但是我们也应积极地对待我们的未来。故选B。
4．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．How people will communicate in the year 2050.
B．What high technology will appear in the year 2050.
C．How people will travel and spend their holidays in the year 2050.
D．What our life will be like in the year 2050.
答案：D 主旨大意题。文章畅想了2050年的生活，故选D。
B
Mom noticed that something was wrong when I started getting so thirsty. I'd have a lot to drink before bed，which was unusual for me. One time, I opened a big container of apple juice and kept refilling my glass. Before I knew it, I'd drunk the entire container! My mom called my doctor. I then had a few blood tests, and the results were certain—I had diabetes (糖尿病)，which meant that the amount of sugar in my blood was very high. That can be dangerous, so I had to learn how to control my blood－sugar level.
My eating habits had to change in a big way. With diabetes, I can't eat a lot of sugar or carbohydrates (碳水化合物). I have to figure out exactly how much sugar I plan to eat, and then I get an injection of insulin (注射胰岛素) before the meals to help my body process the food. Also，I test my blood－sugar level often. I'm always trying to keep my blood sugar at a healthy level. The level can drop when I exercise，but that doesn't keep me out of gym class or off the basketball court—I just keep some juice boxes around to boost my blood sugar if I need to.
It's a lot of work—and not a lot of fun—to keep track of everything，but I've gotten used to my new habits. I was a little scared at first because I wasn't sure how my life would change. Once I knew what I needed to do，though，it wasn't a big deal. My life is different now from what it was before，but it has become completely regular to me.
5．The first paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．who found the author had diabetes
B．the author's life before having diabetes
C．how the author was found to have diabetes
D．the author's eating habits before having diabetes
答案：C 段落大意题。第一段主要讲述了作者的妈妈发现了作者有一些不寻常的表现，联系医生进行检查后，确定作者患了糖尿病。故选C项。
6．The insulin injected into the body before the meals can ______.
A．change people's eating habit
B．help process the food
C．hasten the growth of organs
D．prevent high blood level
答案：B 细节理解题。由第二段第三句可知，饭前注射的胰岛素可以帮助身体处理摄入的食物中的糖分，故B项为正确选项。
7．What did the author do after knowing she had diabetes?
A．She stopped playing basketball in the gym.
B．She controlled her blood－sugar level strictly.
C．She stopped eating food with natural sugar.
D．She tested her blood－sugar level before every meal.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，患上糖尿病后，作者的饮食习惯进行了大的调整。她要控制糖的摄入量，要经常测量血糖水平，以确保它处于健康的范围之内。故选B项。
8．What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Increase. B．Control.
C．Absorb. D．Test.
答案：A 词义猜测题。根据破折号前的内容，尤其是关键词drop可知，运动的时候血糖会降低，但作者并未因此放弃运动，她随身准备了一些饮料在需要的时候进行补充。目的是“增加”血糖使其处于正常范围。故选A项。
Ⅵ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)。并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不记分。
May I have your attention, please?
I have an announcement to make. A party is going to be holding by the Class Committee on Friday evening, April 15, welcome our friends from England. The party will begin at 7：00 p. m. and end over at 10：00 p．m. in a meeting hall of our school. There will have all kinds of activity, such as listening to music, dancing, singing, and play games.The most excited program will be the exchange of presents. Please bring a small gift with you. Remember to wrap them up, sign your name but write a few words expressing good wishes.
Thank you.
答案：
May I have your attention, please?
I have an announcement to make. A party is going to be by the Class Committee on Friday evening, April 15， welcome our friends from England. The party will begin at 7：00 p. m. and end over at 10：00 p．m. in meeting hall of our school. There will all kinds of， such as listening to music, dancing, singing, and games. The most program will be the exchange of presents. Please bring a small gift with you. Remember to wrap up, sign your name write a few words expressing good wishes.
Thank you.
课件68张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5Life in the futureUnit 3Section Ⅲ Using LanguageⅠ.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？
1．根据句意及句中提示填入适当的单词
(1)Even though he is a ________ of Canada, his English isn't very good. (city)
(2)The ________ used to use the old ___________， which is being kept in his basement now, to ________ papers. (type/typewriter/typist)
(3)“I'll be with you in an ________.” With these words, he hung off and left the office ________.(instantly/instant)
(4)As an ________， he has decided to devote all his life to ________.(ecology/ecologist)citizentypisttypewritertypeinstantinstantlyecologistecology(5)The snake is so ________ that it wants to ________ a whole zebra. (swallow/greedy)
(6)Some ___________ can be ___________ many times. (material/recycle)
(7)We chose him as our _____________ and he would make a ____________ speech at the meeting.(representative/represent)greedyswallowmaterialrecycledrepresentativerepresentative(8)After a hard journey through the ________， the traveler reached and ________ down in a beautiful village finally, and his __________ brought villagers there a lot of pleasure. (settlement/settle/desert)
(9)What is your ___________？ In other words, what __________ you to do such a thing？(motivation/motivate)desertsettledsettlementmotivationmotivated2．英汉互译
(1)________ 究竟
(2)________ 加速
(3)________________ 使某人想起某事
(4)______________________ 说服某人不要做某事
(5)_______________ 与……联系
(6)under repair ________
(7)in space ________
(8)blame...for... ________
(9)stare at _________
(10)be absorbed by _____________on earthspeed upremind sb. of sth.persuade sb. not to do sth.be connected to...在维修中在太空中因……责备……盯，凝视被……所吸引
Ⅱ.重点句式
________________an exhibition of the most up－to－date inventions of the 31st century.
里面陈列着31世纪的最新发明。Inside was Ⅲ.阅读文章“I HAVE SEEN AMAZING THINGS”，回答下列问题。
1．Why does the space station spin slowly in space?
A．To look more beautiful.
B．To look for something worth researching.
C．To imitate the pull of the earth's gravity.
D．To get away from the earth's gravity.
2．How do the space citizens send their messages?
A．By using a typewriter.
B．By using letters.
C．By using postcards.
D．By using a “thoughtpad”．3．Which of the following shows the right order to use a “thoughtpad”？
a．Clean your mind.
b．The message is sent.
c．You place the metal band over your head.
d．Press the sending button.
e．Think your message.
A．a，c，b，e，d B．c，a，d，e，b
C．c，a，e，d，b D．a，b，c，d，e4．It can be inferred from the passage that in the 31st century ________.
A．no rubbish will be produced
B．the environment will become better
C．there will be no desert
D．people can use plastic bags within limits
5．Who will take the place of the workers in the 31st century?
A．The robots. B．The managers.
C．The spacemen. D．The spaceships.
答案：1－5 CDBBA1.instant
(1)adj. 立即的，立刻的；速食的，速溶的
The show was an instant success.
演出一炮打响。
instant noodle 速食面，方便面
instant coffee 速溶咖啡(2)n. 瞬间，片刻
①I'll be back in an instant.
我马上就回来。
②Just for an instant I thought he was going to refuse.
刹那间我以为他会拒绝。(1)the instant＝as soon as 一……就……
(2)用于表达“一……就……”含义的词或短语还有：
immediately/directly/instantly作连词时引导的时间状语从句
the moment/the second/the year/the hour...等引导的时间状语从句
“Hardly＋过去完成时＋when＋一般过去时”的结构
“No sooner＋过去完成时＋than＋一般过去时”的结构
“at＋名词”，“on＋(动)名词”，表示“一听/看/想到……就……”知识拓展I recognized her the instant I saw her.
我一眼就认出她了。
活学活用
(1)运用恰当词语填空
The________she entered the room，Diana sat down and began to write, informing her parents of the change of her address.
答案：instant/moment/second 句意：Diana一进入房间，就坐下来开始写信，告诉她父母住址发生了改变。考查时间状语从句。the instant/moment/second相当于连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。
(2)补全句子
她一停止问问题，我就站起来走出了房间。
________ ________she stopped asking questions，I got up and went out of the room.
答案：The instant2．swallow v.
(1)吞下，咽下；做吞咽动作
①The snake swallowed a frog.
那条蛇吞下了一只青蛙。
②He swallowed his ice tea hurriedly.
他匆忙地喝下冰茶。(2)吞没，淹没，侵吞
①I watched her walk down the road until she was swallowed by the darkness.
我看着她沿着公路越走越远，直至消失在黑暗中。
②Large areas of countryside have been swallowed up by towns.
大片大片的乡村地区被城镇吞噬。(3)不流露，掩饰
①You're going to have to swallow your pride and ask for your job back.
你得放下架子，去求人家恢复你的工作。
②She swallowed hard and told him the bad news.
她硬下心把坏消息告诉了他。图解助记swallow up吞噬，卷进，吞没；花光(钱)，耗尽
swallow one's pride忍辱含垢，丢下自尊知识拓展
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.(Bacon)
(书籍好比食品)有些书浅尝辄止，有些书可以囫囵吞枣，少数则须咀嚼消化。(培根)swallow n．吞；咽；燕子知识拓展The swallow found a worm and swallowed it.
那只燕子发现了一条虫子并把它吞了下去。活学活用
补全句子
食物吞下去之前先要咀嚼。
You must chew your food well ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：before you swallow it
3．greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
①He is a greedy little boy.
他是一个贪吃的小男孩。
②It was greedy of them to eat up all the apples.
他们把所有的苹果都吃光了，真贪婪。Greed led to his downfall.
他因贪得无厌而导致身败名裂。greed n．贪婪；贪欲知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
Though he got what he had wanted，he looked at the shop window with________(greed)eyes.
答案：greedy 句意：尽管他得到了他想要的东西，但他还用贪婪的目光看着商店橱窗。考查形容词。greedy贪婪的，根据语境可知设空处作定语，修饰eyes。greed为名词，不合语境。
(2)用恰当词语填空
You have told me yourself that you were not greedy________the presidency.
答案：for 句意：你亲口告诉过我你并不贪婪总统的职位。考查介词。be greedy for对……贪婪。4．representative
(1)adj. 典型的，有代表性的
①Is the questionnaire truly representative of the population as a whole?
这项调查能真正代表所有民众吗？
②The latest incident is representative of a larger trend.
最近的事件代表了一个更大的趋势。
(2)n. 代表，代理人
He is an elected representative of the people.
他是人民选出的代表。①Sympathy is the feeling characteristic of mankind.
同情心是人类特有的感情。
②This painting is fairly typical of his early works.
这幅画是他早期作品相当典型的代表。表示“……的典型”常用以下结构：
be representative of；be characteristic of；be typical of知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当词语填空
Is a questionnaire answered by 500 people truly representative________national opinions?
答案：of 一份有500人作答的调查问卷是否能真正代表全国人民的意见呢？be representative of为固定短语，意为“代表……”。(2)补全句子
有些现代艺术品十分抽象，画家只专注于物体的某些特性，用颜色、线条和形状代表它们。
Some modern art is so abstract that the painter only concentrates on certain qualities of the object，using color，line and shape________ ________ ________.
答案：to represent them5．settlement n. 定居；解决，协议
①The settlement of North America by Europeans began in the 16th century.
欧洲人于16世纪开始迁入北美定居。
②There is no prospect of a settlement of the dispute.
这场纠纷根本不可能获得解决。
③The management and unions have reached a settlement over new working conditions.
资方和工会已就新的工作条件达成协议。settle v. 定居；解决；决定；处理
settle down 安居
settle up 付清，了结
settle in 搬入新居
settle down to sth. 安定下来做某事知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
The________(settle)is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.
答案：settlement 句意：这个定居点可容纳近1,000人，他们当中很多人都是离开农村的家到城市追求更好生活来的。settlement定居点，在句中作主语。settle为动词，不符合语境。(2)用恰当词语填空
Was it on that lonely island that the family finally settled________？
答案：down 句意：这家人最终是在那座荒凉的小岛上定居了吗？考查动词短语。本题是一个强调句，on that lonely island为地点状语，为强调部分。settle down定居下来，符合语境。1.no more 不复存在，不再
①The man was no more.
那人死了。
②Such a practice was no more.
这种习俗已经不存在了。
③The ship sank below the waves and was seen no more.
船沉到了波涛下，再也看不见了。知识拓展
(1)no more意为“不再”时可分为not...any more，与no longer同义。
①They used to be good friends but don't like each other any more.
他们过去是好朋友，但现在已不再是了。
②He no longer lives here.(＝He doesn't live here any longer.)
他已不住在这儿了。(2)no more than“仅仅”，相当于only，含有嫌少之意，而not more than意为“比……少”，无嫌少之意。
①No more than five people applied for the job.
只有五人申请了这份工作。
②There were not more than 100 people present at the meeting.
有不到100人参加了此次会议。
(3)no more...than意为“两者都不”。
①This book is no more interesting than that one. I want to read neither of them.
这本书和那本书一样没趣，我都不想读。
②He is no more capable of speaking English than I am.
他和我都不会讲英语。活学活用
补全句子
His entire school education added up to________ ________(不多于)one year.
答案：no more than2．stare at 盯着看，凝视
①It's rude to stare at others.
盯着他人看是不礼貌的。
②The visitor stared at the painting.
那个参观者凝视着那幅画。比较网站
glance at，stare at，glare at①The little girl stared at the toys in the window.
小女孩盯着窗内的玩具。
②He glared at the man who had killed his father.
他怒视着那个杀死他父亲的人。
活学活用
选词填空
The two men stood________(stare/glare)angrily at each other, while the crowd looked on with amusement.
答案：glaringInside was an exhibition of the most up－to－date inventions of the 31st century.
里面陈列着31世纪的最新发明。
这是一个完全倒装句，句子的真正主语是an exhibition。知识拓展
表示方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等置于句首时，常引起完全倒装句。另外now, then也有同样用法。
①Under a big tree sat a boy reading a book.
大树下坐着一个男孩，正在读书。
②Out rushed the children.
孩子们冲出去了。③Away flew the plane.
飞机飞走了。
④Now comes your turn.
现在轮到你了。
注意：①表方位的副词或介词短语提前，当主语是代词时，不倒装。例如：
In he came.
他进来了。
②若提前的部分有no, never, few, hardly 等否定结构时，不管主语是否为代词，都应用倒装结构。活学活用
补全句子
(1)约翰向门外看了看，树下站着一个他从未见过的人。
John looked out of the door. Under the tree ________ ________ ________he had never seen before.
答案：stood a man 考查倒装句式。here，there，thus，then等副词或介词短语位于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装，所以填stood a man。
(2)紧挨着我们住着一位八十多岁的老人。
Next door to ours______ ________ ________ ________， who is no less than eighty.
答案：lives an old man/woman写作指导科幻题材作文的写作1．本单元的话题为“未来生活的幻想”，常涉及的内容有：
(1)社会保障问题，如：看病；高度发达的物质环境为人类提供了充分的保障。
(2)饮食问题，如：人类经过进化，饮食结构是否有变化。
(3)生活环境问题，如：高度发达的科技是加重了污染还是有助于治理甚至消除污染。
(4)娱乐问题，如：未来的人类主要依靠的娱乐设施。
2．常用词汇及句型
(1)描述话题常用的词汇有：
dream about梦想 on the Internet从因特网上 go shopping购物 go to see the doctor看病 pollution污染 robot机器人 computer计算机
(2)描述此话题常用的句型有：
I often dream about...我时常梦想……
Perhaps we will be able to...也许我们能够……
Robots can help us...机器人能帮我们……
We will be able to live on other stars.
我们将能够生活在其他星球上。
Travel will be easier to us because...
旅行将会更容易，因为……实战演练
根据以下内容，通过合理想象，用英语写一篇短文来展望未来科技新生活。
1．有些人可以到月亮上度假；
2．有些科学家可以在海底生活；
3．每家都有可视电话(videophone)，通过可视电话可以体检或购物；
4．孩子可以在家通过电视和广播接受教育；
5．机器人为你做家务。注意：
1．词数100左右，短文开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数；
2．内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
Sometimes I dream about life in the future.What will it be like？______________________________________________
______________________________________________写作提示：
1．题目要求对未来生活进行展望，并给出了写作要点，属于提纲类作文，故应该按照要求把各个要点概括齐全，并注意衔接、过渡；
2．因为描述将来的生活，故以一般将来时态为主；
3．合理安排叙述顺序，最后表达个人期待、愿望等；
4．参考词汇：medical adj.医疗的，医学的；educational adj.教育的；come true实现。参考范文：
Sometimes I dream about life in the future. What will it be like? Perhaps some people will go to the moon for a holiday, and some scientists will live under the sea. Maybe we will have videophones in every home. We can have a medical examination or do some shopping without leaving our homes.
And I'm sure there'll be more educational programs on the radio or TV, so perhaps some children won't need to go to school every day. They'll study at home.
No people like doing housework. Maybe in the future each family will have a robot. Every day we can tell the robot what to do—go shopping, do the housework and so on.
I believe the dream will come true some day.Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Long ago ________ (巨大的) animals lived on the earth.
2．The people in both countries are overjoyed about the peaceful s________ of dispute.
3．He is ________ (模仿) what I'm doing.
4．What's the ________ (邮资) on this parcel?
5．We use high－quality raw ________ (材料) for our goods.
6．Don't throw the waste away. Put it into the d______.
7．The polluted water has changed the e______ of the whole area.
8．Always chew food well before ________ (吞咽) it.
9．She stared at the diamonds with ________ (贪婪的) eyes.
10．This envelope is made from ________ (再生) paper.
答案：1.enormous 2.settlement 3.imitating 4.postage 5.material 6.dustbin 7.ecology 8.swallowing 9.greedy
10．recycledⅡ.选词填空
1．They________the interests of the people.
2. Natives________the sudden appearance of this white stranger.
3．When I saw him, he________the book.4．She called the police________he left.
5．He________himself________a doctor.
6．This car is running________100 km/h.
7．His brother is a young man who________success.
8．The fire________the house.
9．The headmaster________with the parents whose children were injured in the schoolyard.
10．What is the best way to________used batteries?
答案：1.are representative of 2.were amazed at 3.was absorbed in 4.the instant 5.described；as 6.at a speed of 7.is greedy for 8.swallowed up 9.reached a settlement 10.dispose ofⅢ.单句改错
1．Instant she read the letter, she began to cry.
2．They have a large variety of goodses in the shop.
3．The way you work is far from efficiency.
4．Are their opinions representative about the views of all workers?
5．The roots of the plant are greedy to water.
6．I lay on the ground stared at the stars above.答案：1.Instant→The instant the instant可以作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。
2．goodses→goods goods本身即为复数。
3．efficiency→efficient far from＋adj.“远非……”。
4．about→of be representative of为固定搭配，意为“是……的代表”。
5．to→for be greedy for“对……渴求，对……贪婪”，为固定搭配。
6．stared→staring 表主动意义的动词的－ing形式作lay on the ground的伴随状语。课件11张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5Life in the futureUnit 3(2015·安徽)
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information，are people remembering less? If you know your computer will save information，why store it in your own personal memory，your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.In a recent study，Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory.In the first experiment，they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer.The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information.The second group understood that the computer would not save it.Later，the second group remembered the information better.People in the first group knew they could find the information again，so they did not try to remember it.In another experiment，the researchers gave people facts to remember，and told them where to find the information on the computer.The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly，people later remembered the folder location (位置) better than the facts.When people use the Internet，they do not remember the information.Rather，they remember how to find it.This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)．”According to Sparrow，we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet.Instead，computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is，people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent，but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
文章大意：文章主要讲的是互联网给人类的记忆带来的影响。互联网使用者越来越依赖互联网来储存信息，人们这样做是否会丧失记忆事物的能力呢？专家怀疑互联网可能正在改变人们的记忆内容和方式。1．The passage begins with two questions to ________.
A．introduce the main topic
B．show the author's attitude
C．describe how to use the Internet
D．explain how to store information
答案：A 写作意图题。根据第一段“Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.”可知，作者使用两个问句是为了引出要讨论的话题。2．What can we learn about the first experiment?
A．The Sparrow's team typed the information into a computer.
B．The two groups remembered the information equally well.
C．The first group did not try to remember the information.
D．The second group did not understand the information.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段“People in the first group knew they could find the information again，so they did not try to remember it.”可知答案。3．In transactive memory，people ________.
A．keep the information in mind
B．change the quantity of information
C．organize information like a computer
D．remember how to find the information
答案：D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Rather，they remember how to find it.This is called‘transactive memory(交互记忆)’”可知，在交互记忆里，人们记得怎样找到信息。4．What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research?
A．We are using memory differently.
B．We are becoming more intelligent.
C．We have poorer memories than before.
D．We need a better way to access information.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing”可知，互联网对人们的记忆产生的影响是它改变了我们使用记忆力的方式。Unit 3 综合测试题
时间：120分钟，满分：150分
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is the woman probably going to do?
A．Go fishing. B．Go shopping.
C．Go climbing.
2．What did the man do this morning?
A．He helped his teacher.
B．He had a geography class.
C．He wrote a science paper.
3．Which class will the woman take at 2：00 pm?
A．History. B．Physics.
C．Chemistry.
4．When is the man checking in?
A．On Friday.
B．On Thursday.
C．On Tuesday.
5．Who is the man probably?
A．The woman's boss.
B．The woman's doctor.
C．The woman's father.
第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．How far can the woman run an hour on the running machine?
A．About 7 kilometers.
B．About 8 kilometers.
C．About 10 kilometers.
7．What's the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A．Athlete and coach.
B．Customer and trainer.
C．Customer and gym worker.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．When is the woman's new play opening?
A．This Tuesday.
B．This Thursday.
C．Next Thursday.
9．What does the woman say about Malcolm?
A．He has a casual attitude towards work.
B．He makes up his mind by himself.
C．He is kind and open to advice.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Which sport do the two speakers both play often?
A．Tennis. B．Golf.
C．Basketball.
11．How often does the woman play golf?
A．About once a month.
B．About twice a month.
C．About once a week.
12．When will the two speakers meet?
A．At 1?30 p．m.on Sunday.
B．At 2?30 p．m.on Saturday.
C．At 1?30 p．m.on Saturday.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Where are the two speakers?
A．In France.
B．In Germany.
C．In Britain.
14．How often does the festival be held?
A．Every two years.
B．Every three years.
C．Every five years.
15．How many kites are mentioned in the conversation?
A．2. B．3.
C．4.
16．What does the man think of flying kites?
A．It is a good sport.
B．It is a magical experience.
C．It is an exercise for the soul.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．Where does the speaker's voice come from?
A．A radio.
B．A television.
C．An answerphone.
18．How many times will the film Gone with the wind be shown next week?
A．Three times.
B．Eight times.
C．Ten times.
19．How much is a student ticket for all the weekday films?
A．10 yuan. B．5 yuan.
C．2.5 yuan.
20．What can we know from the talk?
A．Further information can be available anytime.
B．There is a parking space near the cinema.
C．Chinese films are shown from Friday to Sunday.
答案：1－5 BABCA 6－10 BCCCB 11－15 CAAAB
16－20 BCBBB
听力原文
Text 1
W：Do you need me to get anything? I'm leaving now.
M：Could you pick up a bottle of milk and some bread?
Text 2
W：Hi, Jim. I didn't see you this morning in geography class. Where were you?
M：I was working with Mr. Black. He asked me to pack up some science materials and take them to his office.
Text 3
M：Are you free today?
W：Free? Well，I have English at 8?15A. m，history at 9?00A. m，physics at 2?00p. m. and chemistry at 3?15p. m.
M：You've got a busy day!
Text 4
W：Good morning. Can I help you?
M：Yes. I'd like a double room.
W：How many nights do you plan to stay?
M：Three. I'll be checking out Friday morning.
Text 5
W：Mr. Johnson, I wonder if I could possibly ask for leave tomorrow morning.
M：What happened?
W：My father is in the hospital at the moment. I want to go and look after him.
M：Oh，I'm sorry to hear that. Go ahead，and just deal with your work when you return.
Text 6
M：Hello, Lisa. We're doing a survey of our customers. How often do you come to the club?
W：Three times a week，usually.
M：Can you run ten kilometers an hour on the running machine?
W：Oh，not that fast，maybe 8 kilometers an hour.
M：Do you use our swimming pool? You know we have a new swimming pool.
W：No ，I don't. I can't swim. I'm actually a little nervous around water.
M：OK. You know, we offer lessons here.
W：I know, I know. But I'm really afraid of water.
M：You might try lessons, though. I'm sure our trainer can help you overcome that fear.
Text 7
M：Miriam, I remember your new play is opening next Thursday，right? Are you anxious or excited?
W：Of course excited.
M：Who is your director?
W：Malcolm Rush. I've been really glad to have him as a director. He doesn't care whether you're tired or not. He'll just continue pushing until every scene is perfect.
M：I heard that Malcolm is quite the dictator, that he never listens to actors'opinions or advice.
W：Oh, that's not true—he is really very kind and open to advice.
Text 8
W：Hi, Mark. Haven't seen you for ages! How are you doing?
M：Hi, Hingis! I can't complain. I'm busy with my experiments in the lab but after work I can get out and play some sports.
W：Like what?
M：Like tennis ，running, golf...
W：Golf? I actually love golf. Do you play often?
M：About once a month. What about you?
W：I play every Sunday.
M：Even when it rains?
W：Yes, even when it rains. I never miss my Sunday game.
M：Where do you play?
W：The Country Club. Listen! Why don't we get together this weekend and play?
M：I'd love to. What time?
W：Let's meet at the clubhouse at 1：30 Sunday afternoon.
M：Good. See you then.
Text 9
W：My! I've never seen so many kites in the sky.
M：Neither have I. There must be hundreds of different kites up there.
W：The Dieppe kite flying festival is amazing! It turns the whole town of Dieppe into a beautiful place.
M：It's only every two years，on the even years. I'm so glad we decided to come to France this year, not Britain or Germany. Otherwise we'd have missed this !
W：Look at that 20－metre－long snake—and there's a 20－metre－tall monkey over there!
M：Or how about the kite with two hundred watermelons?
W：Did you know that the ancient Chinese believed kite flying was an exercise for the soul? Kites represented the human spirit flying freely and joyfully.
M：Really? That's interesting. It really looks like those people are painting the sky with their kites. That's exactly what it is. It's art in the sky. Flying kites is just a magical experience!
W：I'd love to try to fly one. Do you want to buy one and try?
M：Why not? It can't be that difficult.
Text 10
Thank you for calling the Blue Sky Cinema.There is no one to answer your call at the moment.
The Blue Sky Cinema is open seven days a week, showing a variety of Chinese and foreign films.Next week we will show the foreign film Gone with the Wind, set in the USA in the 1860s and 70s. Gone with the Wind will be shown from Monday to Thursday, twice a day in the evenings, at 6?45 p. m. and 9?15 p. m. The film lasts 2 hours and 15 minutes.
Tickets are 10 yuan，but there is a special student ticket available for 5 yuan for all our weekday films.
Please bring your student card if you want the cheaper ticket. Parking is available in a nearby street just five minutes，walk from the cinema.
Thank you for calling the Blue Sky Cinema. If you require further information, phone during office hours ,9?00A. m. to 4?30 p. m. ，Monday to Friday.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
What will the city of the future be like? No one knows for sure，and making predictions is a risky business. But one thing is certain about the future city—they are going to get bigger before they get smaller. Here are some of the ideas for running a city of 50,000 people in the year 2025.
1. To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun，preventing landfill and environmental problems.
2. No smoking will be allowed within a future city's limits.
3. In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders.
4. Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.
5. All forms of recreation,_such as cinemas, bowling, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city.
6. All cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind, and it will be possible to change the color of cars at the flick of a switch.
7. Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.
8. Old people and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high－tech cameras attached to their heads.
9. Traveling in space by ordinary citizens will be common. Each city will have its own spaceport.
文章大意：本文就环境、购物、娱乐、交通等方面设想了2025年的人类生活。
21．From the passage, we can infer that now________.
A．some waste materials are got rid of by filling holes in the ground with them
B．a patient can have an operation but doesn't have to stay in hospital
C．you must go out of the city if you want to smoke
D．no cars are powered by solar energy or wind
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第一部分“To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun，preventing landfill and environmental problems.”可知垃圾运到太空中可防止垃圾填埋现象，由此推知A项正确。
22．The underlined word “recreation” in the fifth idea probably means“________”．
A. risky business
B. what people will create again
C. taking one's career once again
D. activities for pleasure and amusement
答案：D 词义猜测题。从such as后列举的cinemas，bowling, concerts and others可知该词意为“娱乐活动”。
23．Which is the best title for the eighth idea?
A. Senior citizens B. Holidays at home
C. The disabled D. Space travel
答案：B 主旨大意题。从第八点所表述的内容可了解到在家也能“旅游”，故可称之为在家度假。
B
Have you ever been to the world's smallest bookstore?
The World's Smallest Bookstore，whose official name is just these three words，sits quietly about 100 miles northeast of Toronto.
The bookstore is about 10 feet by 10 feet，so it is easy to imagine how tiny it really is.The bookstore is open 24 hours a day.Inside the bookstore are various books，especially literary books and classic authors' works.So if you are looking for something less popular，you may get a bit disappointed there.
Another special feature of this bookstore is that each book only costs three dollars.All the expenses are paid on the honor system，which means buyers should make a note of what they've bought and leave their money by themselves.So the tools of the trade in this bookstore are quite simple: pens，papers，light bulbs and a label－maker.
In order to catch passers－by's attention，the billboards(广告牌)of the bookstore are several times bigger than the store itself.With these large eye－catchers，many people are willing to stop by and have a visit.
文章大意：本文介绍了世界上最小的书店。
24．What's the passage mainly about?
A．The world's smallest bookstore.
B．A strange way of selling books.
C．The popular books nowadays.
D．The popular bookstores in the world.
答案：A 主旨大意题。从文章第一句话“Have you ever been to the world's smallest bookstore？”和整篇文章的内容可知，这篇文章主要介绍世界上最小的书店，故选A。
25．When can you buy a book in the store?
A．In the morning.
B．In the afternoon.
C．At night.
D．At any time of the day.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据题意定位文章第三段第二句话“The bookstore is open 24 hours a day”，书店是24小时营业。可得知答案为D。
26．Which of the following books might you most probably get in the store?
A．Books on popular science.
B．Literary books.
C．The year book of a university.
D．Books on economic control.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据题意定位文章第三段第三句话“Inside the bookstore are various books，especially literary books and classic authors' works”，书店有各种各样的书，尤其是文学类和一些古典名著。故选B。
27．How does the store attract readers' attention?
A. By putting up a huge billboard.
B. By making ads on TV.
C. By broadcasting loud music.
D. By handing out ads in the street.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据题意定位文章最后一段“In order to catch passers－by's attention，the billboards of the bookstore are several times bigger than the store itself.”为了吸引路人的注意，广告牌是商店的几倍大。故选A。
C
Of all the things that have effects on your future，I believe that personal growth is the greatest. Many people talk about sales growth，profit growth, and possession growth，but none of these will happen without personal growth. In fact，I'd like to have you memorize a most important sentence. It is “The key to your future is you yourself.”
There are many things that will help you better your future. If you belong to a strong，dynamic(充满活力的)and progressive company, that will help. Good training will help. Strong leadership will help. If the neighbors stay civil (文明的)，that will help. If your relatives don't trouble you, that will help... All these things will help. We can go on and on with the list；but remember, the things that I've covered above just play minor (次要的)roles in helping you reach a good future. The major cause doesn't lie outside. It lies inside.
Strangely enough, when two different men work in the same company, the first person may earn $1,000 a month, while the second may earn$10, 000 a month. What causes the difference when they have the same job，use the same tools，and get the same training?
The cause of the difference lies in believing，in trying, in accepting failures, in thinking, in a smile at people around, and in the ways of dealing with problems. All of these can be major causes of your good future. You can see all these come from inside. In fact, the real difference is you yourself. You are the key to your future. Teens are the most wonderful and important period in life. If you want a great future, begin to improve yourself from now on!
28．Among all the things mentioned, which one is the most important in the author's opinion?
A．Sales growth.
B．Profit growth.
C．Possession growth.
D．Personal growth.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Of all the things that have effects on your future，I believe that personal growth is the greatest.”可知，所有影响你将来的事情中，个性成长是最大的因素。
29．Which of the following may play a main role in influencing your future?
A. Being determined.
B. Working in good companies.
C. Having rich relatives.
D. Getting leaders' help.
答案：A 推理判断题。第二段讲述了影响将来的各个因素，段尾的“The major cause doesn't lie outside. It lies inside.”告诉我们：主要的是内因，而不是外因。A项指“意志力坚强的”，指内因，故选此项。
30．All may cause the two men's different earnings EXCEPT that________.
A．the second person buys expensive houses or cars
B．the first person treats others badly
C．the second man has a positive attitude to problems
D．the first man gives up after failures
答案：A 细节理解题。本题根据最后一段信息可知，B、C、D项都会引起两人的收入不同。
31．The passage is mainly written for________.
A. old people B． adults
C. teenagers D. babies
答案：C 推理判断题。最后一段最后两句话提到“Teens are the most wonderful and important period in life. If you want a great future，begin to improve yourself from now on！”，显然，作者在鼓励十几岁的孩子要努力，为将来做好准备。
D
It's generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. They recycle their garbage because the care about the environment. They pay $5 for a caramel brulée latte because they like expensive coffee drinks.
It's undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions (性情), but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bem, by observing our own behavior.We can be strangers to ourselves.If we knew our own minds, why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes.Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.
Moreover, we don't just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character—we infer characters that weren't there before.Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize.Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn't.Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us.We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.
Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people become what they do, though it may not be in compliance (符合) with their true desires.Therefore, we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut's advice: “We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.”
文章大意：本文为议论文，题材为社会生活类。作者对人的行为和性格之间的关系进行了探讨。最后用Kurt Vonnegut的一句话进行了总结：我们将自己伪装成什么，我们就是什么。所以，当我们伪装时，一定要谨慎呀！
32．According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to______.
A．determine one's behavior
B．reflect one's taste
C．influence one's surroundings
D．result from one's habits
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，通常认为人们的行为方式取决于他们的性格和态度。那反过来说就是：一个人的性格和态度决定了他的行为方式。故选A。
33．Which of the following would Daryl Bem most probably agree with?
A．The return of a wallet can indicate one's honesty.
B．A kind person will offer his seat to the old.
C．One recycles plastics to protect the environment.
D．One buys latte out of true love of coffee.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，正如社会心理学家Daryl Bem所说的，毋庸置疑，人的行为来自于我们的内在性情，但是在很多例子中我们是通过观察我们自己的行为来推断出我们是怎样的人的结论：四个选项中只有A项表示的是一种行为暗示出人的性格，而其他三个选项均不符合。
34．What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage?
A．We fail to realize our inner dispositions.
B．We can be influenced by outside pressures.
C．Our behavior is the result of our true desires.
D．Our characters can shape our social relationships.
答案：B 推理判断题。画线的这一句是对上一句话的举例说明，画线处前面一句话是说：我们的行为经常受到我们周围小的压力的影响，这一点我们认识不到。B项与画线句意义一致，故选B。
35．What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?
A．Personalities and attitudes.
B．Preferences and habits.
C．Behavior and personalities.
D．Attitudes and preferences.
答案：C 主旨大意题；从第一段第一句阐述大家通常认为行为和性格的关系，到第二段Daryl Bem提出通过一个人的行为也能看出他的性格，第三段提到我们的行为也受到周围压力的影响，第四段通过Kurt Vonnegut的一句话强调了两者之间的关系。所以本篇文章主要讲的是行为和性格，故选C。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What Teenagers Can Do To Earn More Respect
As teenagers continue to grow and develop into young adults, the transition(过渡) into adulthood has begun. With so many physical and emotional changes going on, certain manners are often forgotten and other adult traits are not yet accepted as a way of life. __36__ By doing the following things, you will earn more respect.
Contribute to the household
At the very least, clean up after yourself. As a teenager, you are old enough to clean up after yourself. When you make a mess, clean it up. __37__ All chores that you do help to reduce the load of the person who did them before. Now that you're old enough and capable, why shouldn't you contribute to the household? __38__
Be responsible
__39__ Whether they are basic things, like brushing your teeth or doing your homework, or more involved chores that contribute to the household, simply fulfill your responsibilities on time. When adults know that they can rely on you, their trust and respect for you will increase.
Solve more of your own problem without asking for help
Instead of taking the easy approach and asking for help, make an effort to solve your problems on your own first. The “easy way ” is only easy for you, but it is an extra task for the person from whom you are seeking help. Seek help only after you have made an honest effort to solve your own problems. __40__ When you become a good problem solver, you increase your value to the community.
A．The people doing the chores before will greatly appreciate the help.
B．It will make your life more pleasant.
C．Everyone has certain responsibilities.
D．When speaking to a group, speak loud enough.
E．This includes，but is not limited to, your dishes and your room.
F．By being aware of these manners and traits, you can manage them sooner.
G．Depending on the problem, 15 minutes of effort is usually a good guideline.
答案：
36．F 前句中出现的manners和traits以及后句的句式和F选项的句式以及句中的these manners和traits恰好呼应，语义上也能起到承上启下的作用，所以判断F选项正确。
37．E 前句讲你应该学会自己收拾卫生，而E选项This includes, but is not limited to, your dishes and your room. “这包括在内，但不能局限在收拾自己碗筷和房间上”恰好能承接上文，故E选项正确。
38．A 本段内容是建议青少年要学会做家务活来帮助家人。所以所填句子应该和做家务帮忙有关，而且从段落安排上看，最后一句话应该起到总结概括作用，由此判断A选项正确。句意：“如果你帮忙做家务，那么平时做这种家务的人会很感激。”
39．C 由后句Whether they are basic things, 可以推断前句应该出现they所替代的名词，而根据下文举的例子like brushing your teeth or doing your homework 等可知C选项符合语境，能引领下文。句意：每个人都有某些责任。故C为正确选项。
40．G 在本段中作者建议人们不要轻易向人求助，要在自己努力而未果的情况下去找人帮忙，纵观选项，只有G选项符合语境，能承接上文。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节；满分45分)
第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)，选出最佳选项。
(2015·北京)
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment.The living room was large enough for their piano.That night, the two of them__41__side by side at the piano.They played jazz music to celebrate their new home.The loud__42__filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning，__43__， their happiness disappeared.Someone had left a__44__under their door during the night.One of their neighbors had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano.Dario's mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it.But he said that they were all__45__people and he couldn't imagine any of them had done that.Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their__46__and apologize for their playing.
“Maybe we could go and__47__everyone in person.” his mother said.
“What if we invited them to come here for a__48__instead？” Dario asked.
They both loved the__49__.Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts__50__ their guests.They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.
Finally, the day of the party__51__.Some guests brought presents.Others brought flowers.Some even brought desserts to__52__.One woman, Mrs.Gilbert，__53__Dario's mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
“I heard you playing the other night，” she said.“The sounds woke me out of bed.I__54__ that you might play like this every night.So I wrote a short note.I hope you don't think I disliked the playing.”
Dario's mother smiled at Mrs.Gilbert.“I think maybe we__55__you an apology，” she said.“I didn't__56__how late it was when we were playing.Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.”
“You play, you play！” Mrs.Gilbert said.“I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them.“These songs are not such__57__music.”
“These songs are beautiful music，” Dario's mother said.“We will be__58__to play them in the evening.”
“And we won't play so loud or late！” Dario said.He was already looking forward to__59__the new music.More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother's face.It gave him a feeling of__60__and made him feel that they were home at last.
文章大意：文章讲述了一对母子搬入新家，非常高兴，在深夜弹起钢琴庆祝，却打扰了周围邻居。邻居留言抱怨投诉，母子积极回应，为邻居们办了一场派对来缓和邻里关系，并得到邻居们的谅解。
41．A.sat B．stood
C．lay D．walked
答案：A 考查动词。A.sit 坐；B.stand 站立；C.lie躺在；D.walk散步。根据后文内容在钢琴旁边弹琴的环节，可知应该是坐在钢琴旁边弹奏，故选A。
42．A.voice B．ring
C．music D．cry
答案：C 考查名词。A.voice声音；B.ring铃声；C.music音乐；D.cry哭声。考查前文细节jazz music的原词复现，是音乐充满了房间。故选C。
43．A.therefore B．however
C．otherwise D．instead
答案：B 考查副词。A.therefore因此，所以；B.however然而；C.otherwise否则；D.instead代替。通过上一段的欢乐幸福气氛和下文的幸福一下子disappeared的强烈对比可知，本处需要一个逻辑关系为转折的副词，故选B。
44．A.note B．poster
C．bill D．report
答案：A 考查名词。A.note便条；B.poster海报；C.bill账单；D.report报告。本题是一道同义词复现题，通过文章倒数第5段处得知，是由Mrs.Gilbert留了一张字条，故选A。
45．A.proud B．rich
C．lucky D．nice
答案：D 考查形容词。A.proud骄傲的，自豪的；B.rich富裕的；C.lucky幸运的；D.nice美好的，愉快的。主人公想向管理员咨询，哪一位邻居可能是那位留言的抱怨者，由转折词But可知管理者也并不能指出，由此可知大家通常都是通情达理的，故选D。
46．A.neighbors B．friends
C．relatives D．audiences
答案：A 考查名词。A.neighbors邻居们；B.friends朋友们；C.relatives亲属，亲戚；D.audiences听众。此题线索明显，全文都是围绕主人公和周围邻居展开的，故选A。
47．A.blame B．instruct
C．question D．visit
答案：D 考查动词。A.blame归咎于，指责；B.instruct通知，命令；C.question询问，质问；D.visit参观，拜访。由上文可知，母子两人对于扰民之事十分抱歉，想要去道歉，因此“指责”“指导”和“质问”都不符合语境，故选D。
48．A.party B．concert
C．show D．play
答案：A 考查名词。A.party聚会；B.concert音乐会；C.show展览；D.play游戏，比赛。此题为线索题且为原词复现，由后文可知母子为解决此事办了一场派对，并邀请了邻居们，故选A。
49．A.experience B．idea
C．performance D．action
答案：B 考查名词。A.experience经历，经验；B.idea主意；C.performance表演；D.action行为。母子打算办派对，这是一个打算，一个主意，而不是经历、表演或行为。故选B。
50．A.to B．with
C．for D．from
答案：C 考查介词。A.to到；B.with伴随着；C.for为了；D.from来自。母子办派对，准备了甜点是为了招待客人们，介词for有表“为了”的含义，故选C。
51．A.continued B．arrived
C．passed D．finished
答案：B 考查动词。A.continue继续；B.arrive到达；C.pass通过；D.finish完成。根据上文，他们举办了一次聚会，准备许久，这一天终于到来了，故选B。
52．A.order B．sell
C．share D．advertise
答案：C 考查动词。A.order命令，点菜；B.sell卖；C.share分享；D.advertise做广告。根据本句话的意思：甚至有人带了甜点来分享，故选C。
53．A.treated B．presented
C．helped D．served
答案：B 考查动词。A.treat招待，治疗；B.present呈现；C.help帮助；D.serve为……服务。这道题有难度，根据本句话的意思：Mrs.Gilbert送给了Dario的妈妈一本音乐书，能表达出“送”这个动作的，就是present“呈现……，给……”，故选B。
54．A.promised B．admitted
C．agreed D．worried
答案：D 考查动词。A.promise承诺；B.admit许可进入；C.agree同意；D.worry 担心。根据题意，Mrs.Gilbert之所以留了一张抱怨小纸条是担心每天晚上都会这么吵，故选D。
55．A.give B．send
C．offer D．owe
答案：D 考查动词。A.give给；B.send发送；C.offer提供；D.owe感激，欠……债。这个空可以看作是固定搭配，owe sb. an apology 应该向某人道歉。故选D。
56．A.realize B．remember
C．understand D．accept
答案：A 考查动词。A.realize意识到；B.remember记起；C.understand 理解，懂得；D.accept 接受。Dario的妈妈道歉说：我也没意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。应该选择“意识到”这个动词，故选A。
57．A.sweet B．strange
C．funny D．loud
答案：D 考查形容词。A.sweet甜的；B.strange奇怪的，陌生的；C.funny滑稽的；D.loud 声音大的，吵闹的。根据上一句：I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.说明Mrs.Gilbert 不喜欢那么吵的音乐，因此她送了Dario的妈妈一本比较安静的音乐书，也就是不那么吵的音乐(not such loud music)。故选D。
58．A.brave B．sorry
C．happy D．afraid
答案：C 考查形容词。A.brave勇敢的；B.sorry抱歉的；C.happy快乐的；D.afraid害怕的。通过上文：These songs are beautiful music, 说明Dario的妈妈很喜欢这些音乐，所以we will be happy to play them。故选C。
59．A.changing B．practicing
C．recording D．writing
答案：B 考查动词。A.change变化；B.practice 练习，实践；C.record记录；D.write写作。根据题意，应该是练习音乐，故选B。
60．A.equality B．freedom
C．warmth D．sympathy
答案：C 考查名词。A.equality 平等；B.freedom 自由；C.warmth 温暖；D.sympathy 同情心。看本句话后半部分：and made him feel that they were home at last.如在家中一样，那就应该感受到了温暖，故选C。
第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear __61__ spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation. __62__， we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.
There is no easy way to success __63__ language learning. __64__ good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only __65__(memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long lists of words and__66__meaning, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. __67__we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of __68__(advise) for those __69__are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practice speaking and __70__(write) the language whenever we can.
61．______ 62.______ 63.______ 64.______ 65.______
66．______ 67.______ 68.______ 69.______ 70.______
答案：
61．it 用it指代前面的language。
62．Thirdly 根据前面的Firstly，Secondly可知此处用Thirdly。
63．in way to success in(doing)sth.意为“做某事成功的途径”。
64．A 此处指“一个好记性”，用不定冠词a。
65．to memorize It is not enough to do sth.为固定用法。
66．their 此处指代单词的意思，words为复数形式，故用their。
67．If 句意：如果我们仅满足于记住的几个规则，那么我们不是真正地在学习这门语言。用if引导条件状语从句。
68．advice 根据a piece of可知，此处用advise的名词形式advice。
69．who 用who引导定语从句，指代人。
70．writing 这里指练习“说”和“写”这门语言。and连接并列结构，故用writing。
第四部分：写作(满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)。并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不记分。
Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.
答案：
Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk what you should do when a fire alarm off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and . Don't panic or get out of line, and to remain quiet and . Soon the firefighters will come and put out fire. If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing hurt, tell your teacher immediately.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：
1．出发及返回时间；
2．活动：包饺子、表演节目等。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．结语已为你写好。
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Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Lucy，
I'd like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. It is the day for the elderly in our culture. We'll go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there. We'll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy. We should be back around 4 o'clock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we'll wait for you at the gate at 9 in the morning.
Looking_forward_to_your_reply.
Yours，
Li_Hua
