Unit 5 Section Ⅰ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His head had struck the sink and was________(流血)．
2．In this video，we're going to discuss the treatment of________(踝关节) pain.
3．A small child could________(窒息)on the doll's hair.
4．He tried to kill himself by taking p________.
5．The politician found the cries of the starving children________(难以忍受的)．
6．He cut off the flowers at the stalk with a pair of s________.
7．His s________leg was a result of a knock into the car.
8．The present situation is very c________， so I think it will take me some time to figure out its reality.
9．Two minutes ago my little brother walked into my room wearing a b________on his wounded head.
10．She complained loudly to the shop keeper, who answered her m__________.
答案：1.bleeding 2.ankle 3.choke 4.poison 5.unbearable 6.scissors 7.swollen 8.complex 9.bandage 10.mildly
Ⅱ.用方框中所给短语的适当形填空
in place, over and over again, squeeze out, fall ill, a variety of, depend on, be stuck to, take off, be vital to, pick off
1.She felt as if every drop of emotion had been ________of her.
2．The article was about________Spanish spoken in South America.
3．It________get medical supplies to the area as soon as possible.
4. If you________a garment, it means that you remove it.
5．The opportunities available will________your previous work experience and qualifications.
6．You should not________any of the flowers from the trees.
7．A sticking plaster is a material that can________the skin to protect small wounds.
8．More than 100, 000 people could________after drinking polluted water.
9．This is what she has been saying________.I don't know how many times.
10．She likes everything to be________before she starts work.
答案：1.squeezed out 2.a variety of 3.is vital to 4.take off 5.depend on 6.pick off 7.be stuck to 8.fall ill 9.over and over again 10.in place
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．The old man could walk around in the aid of a walking stick.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：in→with with the aid of...＝with the help of...，意为“在……的帮助下”，为固定搭配。
2．There are other times when give first aid quickly can save lives.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：give→giving giving first aid quickly在从句中作主语，所以需用动词－ing短语的形式。
3．Your skin prevents your body from lose too much water.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：lose→losing 介词后需跟动词的－ing形式。
4．You can get burned by variety of things.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：在variety of前加a或variety→varieties a variety of＝various＝varieties of，表示“各种各样的”。
5．It's hot，but the electrical fan doesn't work.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：electrical→electric electric“电的，电动的”，多指“用电的或产生电的”，多修饰具体的名词；而electrical表示“与电有关的”，但常修饰抽象名词，如electrical equipment“电器设备”。
Ⅳ.根据汉语提示完成下列句子
1．他抖落粘在外套上的灰尘。
He shook off the dust that________ ________ ________his overcoat.
2．他走到船头看帆是否挂好了。
He went to the front to see whether the sail________ ________ ________ ________.
3．“我不明白。”他反复地说着。
“I don't understand it，”he said，________ ________ ________ ________.
4．你可以依靠他作出非常正确的选择。
You can________ ________him to make a very sound choice.
5．这些事情对国家信息安全至关重要。
These matters________ ________ ________the national information security.
6．她患病期间生意由她女儿代管。
________ ________ ________ ________，her daughter took over the business from her.
7．必要时，他们愿为国捐躯。
They were ready to die，________ ________，for their country.
8．各种俄国货都是由瑞典转运来的。
________ ________ ________Russian goods are forwarded through Sweden.
9．这台机器能帮助你挤出更多的果汁。
This machine can be of help for you to________ ________ ________ ________.
10．如果你的眼睛受到感染，就要立即去看医生。
If your eyes________ ________，you must immediately go to a doctor.
答案：1.had stuck to 2.was properly in place 3.over and over again 4.depend on 5.are vital to 6.When she fell ill
7．if necessary 8.A variety of 9.squeeze more juice out 10.get infected
Ⅴ.阅读理解
We all know how important human life is—it's priceless. Itdoesn't matter where you are from or what the color of your skins is—all people are human beings. Firstly, we can tell you that the lives of your relatives could depend on your ability to give first aid.If you think highly of human's life，this website is for you! Here you can find information about first aid.
The very first thing that you should do when you see an accident is to evaluate the situation and prevent further dangerous incidents. First of all，you have to recognize what has happened and what the dangers to rescuers and victims are.Think about how to take care of the victims.
Helping usually takes place in very difficult conditions and injuries can be very bad. Therefore，you cannot be too afraid of making mistakes to help. Sometimes you have to face the fact that regardless of your actions and your efforts the victim's condition might not improve—he or she could even die.In some cases even professional medical aid may not succeed. If you have done everything you think you should do, you shouldn't feel guilty.
Do not expose yourself to danger. Giving first aid can be dangerous. While trying to help a victim, do not forget about your own safety.If something happens to you, you won't be able to help anyone.
Call for help after you find out the condition of a victim. But remember if a victim faints due to breathing failure caused by drowning, choking or poisoning, you should first take action that helps to bring back the heartbeat and breathing.While calling, talk shortly but clearly.Always provide the following information：the location of the accident, the kind of accident, the number of the injured and your full name and phone number and so on.
文章大意：这篇文章讲述了生命是无价的，并且介绍了急救的一些相关知识。
1．The underlined word “evaluate” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to“________”．
A．leave B. protect
C．avoid D．judge
答案：D 词义猜测题。根据下文“First of all you have to recognize what has happened and what the dangers to rescuers and victims are. Think about how to take care of the victims. ”可知“evaluate”的意思是“评估，判断”，故答案为D。
2．What's the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A．You should learn some professional knowledge about first aid.
B．You shouldn't feel guilty if you don't know about first aid.
C．Try your best to give first aid and don't be afraid of making mistakes.
D．Don't make mistakes when you are giving first aid.
答案：C 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Therefore, you cannot be too afraid of making mistakes to help.Sometimes you have to face the fact that regardless of your actions and your efforts the victim's condition might not improve —he or she could even die.In some cases even professional medical aid may not succeed.”可知要尽最大努力实施急救，不要害怕犯错，故选C。
3．The author thinks that helping a victim can be________.
A. risky B． shocking
C. exciting D. boring
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Giving first aid can be dangerous.”可知实施急救有可能是危险的，故选A。
4．It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．everyone must learn how to give first aid
B．you should forget about your own safety while giving first aid
C．when you see an accident you should do nothing but call the police
D．when calling for help you should give all relevant details
答案：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While calling, talk shortly but clearly. Always provide the following information：the location of the accident, the kind of accident, thenumber of the injured and your full name and phone number and so on.”可知，打电话求助的时候，你应该给出所有相关的细节，故选D。
Ⅵ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Good study habits
__1__They'll help you learn the material if you practice over and over again. Play around with them to fit your own personal needs, and you will make big progress.
Firstly, go to class. You won't do well if you don't have the information. 80% of the grades depend on showing up, so be there. This should be your top choice when it comes to building study habits.__2__
Secondly, make sure that no matter what happens, you review your notes the day you take them.__3__If that means re－working difficult problems, getting tutoring, or reading, then do it. The more review work you do at a time, the better your grades will be. Don't be one of those who wait until the last minute to study. It's more fun to get sleep and do well in your exam.
Finally, practicing is very good for you. Classes involving problem－solving require you to work on your problem－solving skills in order to get good grades. So practice working on those physics, maths, chemistry, etc. problems.__4__Put forward your questions in class, and then you can make progress in a short time.
As you build your habits, get into a groove(成为习惯). __5__
A. If you don't go to class, you'll miss need－to－know information and any other important things.
B. Pick up a good habit like exercising or give up an unhealthy one like smoking.
C. I've got a list of practical good study habits that you may want to know.
D. Come up with some questions that you could ask your professor.
E. The goal is to understand what you are taught the same day.
F. Good habits, on the other hand, tend to take more time to make.
G. The more you do it, the more natural it'll feel.
答案：1—5 CAEDG
Ⅶ.书面表达
请根据下列要求写一篇关于“急救”的说明文。
假如一个人发生车祸，在医生到来之前，你需要对他/她进行急救护理，应注意以下几点：
首先，假如他/她停止了呼吸，掰开他/她的嘴巴看看喉咙口有无食物；
其次，假如他/她不能呼吸，就采取人工呼吸法，立刻尽力使他/她开始呼吸；
再次，假如他/她伤得很重，应立即止血，然后送往医院。假如他/她失血过多，达到三分之一，那么他/她有可能会死亡。
注意：1.词数：120左右；
2．句子结构准确，内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
First Aid
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
First Aid
If a person has an accident, he/she needs medical care before a doctor can be found.
When you give first aid, you must pay attention to three things. First, when a person stops breathing, open his/her mouth and see if there is food at the back of his/her mouth.Second, if a person can not breathe, do your best to start his/her breathing at once, using a mouth－to－mouth way.Third, if a person is hurt badly, try at once to stop the bleeding. Then take him/her to a hospital. If a person loses one third of his/her blood, that means he/she may die.
课件127张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5 First aidUnit 5Section Ⅰ Warming up；Pre－reading, Reading & ComprehendingⅠ.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？
1．根据词性及汉语写出单词及其拓展形式
(1)injury (n.)损伤；伤害→______ (vt.)受伤→________ (adj.)受伤的
(2)bleed (vi. & vi.)流血→________ (n.)血
(3)________ (n.)毒药；毒害 (vt.)毒害；使中毒→poisonous (adj.)有毒的
(4)variety (n.)变化；多样(化)；多变(性)→________ (adj.)各种各样的
(5)liquid (n.)液体→________ (n.)固体injureinjuredbloodpoisonvarioussolid
(6)________ (n.)辐射；射线→radiate (vi. & vt.)辐射
(7)mild (adj.)轻微的；温和的；温柔的→________ (adv.)轻微地；温和地
(8)________ (vi. & vt.)(使)膨胀；隆起→swollen (adj.)肿胀的
(9)unbearable (adj.)难以忍受的；不能容忍的→________ (adj.)可容忍的→________ (vi. & vt.)忍受radiationmildlyswellbearablebear2．短语互译
(1)first aid ________________
(2)生病 ________________
(3)get injured ________________
(4)各种各样的 ________________
(5)electric shock ________________
(6)榨出；挤出 ________________
(7)反复；多次 ________________
(8)in place ________________(对伤患者的)急救
fall ill
受伤
a variety of
触电；电休克
squeeze out
over and over again
在适当的位置；适当Ⅱ.重点句式
1．So________you imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.
因此，你可以想像到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。
2．Remove clothing using scissors if necessary________it is stuck to the burn.
除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。as unless Ⅲ.根据课文内容填空
The 1.________is the largest organ of your body, which can protect against disease, 2.________and so on. It has 3.________functions. But when your skin gets burned it can be very serious, so it is very important to know first aid for burns.A 4.________of things can burn your skin, and there are three types of burns. If you've got burns, first，remove clothing using 5.________if necessary. For first degree burns, place cool, clean, wet cloths on them.For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a 6.________of cold water,7.________them out and placing them on the burned area over and over 8.________for about an hour. Next, dry the burned area gently, then cover the burned area with a dry，clean 9.________without sticking totheskin，and holditin 10.________with tape.If you've got second or third degree burns, you'd better go to hospital at once.
答案：1. skin 2. poisons 3. complex 4. variety 5. scissors 6. basin 7. squeezing 8. again 9. bandage 10. place1.aid
1)n.
(1)[U]帮助，援助
One of the station staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.
一位车站工作人员见他有困难，便过来帮忙。
(2)[U]援助；救援物资；救援款项
How much overseas/foreign aid does Britain give?
英国在援外方面作出多少贡献？
(3)[U](完成某工作所需的)帮助、助手、辅助物
He was breathing only with the aid of a ventilator.
他只有靠呼吸机才能呼吸。
(4)[C]辅助设备
Photographs make useful teaching aids.
照片是有用的教具。2)v.～(sb./sth.)(in sth./in doing sth.)|～sb.(with sth.)帮助，援助
①They are determined to aid him in his scientific research.
他们决心对于他的科学研究给予援助。
②They aided me in solving the problem.
他们帮助我解决这个问题。
③Aided by heat and strong winds, the fire quickly spread.
借助于高温和大风，火势迅速蔓延。with the aid of sb.＝with sb.'s aid在某人的帮助下
in aid of为了帮助……
come to one's aid来援助某人
do/give/offer/perform/carry out first aid进行急救
call in one's aid请某人帮忙
aid sb. in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
aid sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事
aid sb. with sth.帮助某人某事知识拓展活学活用
(1)补全句子
I am collecting money________ ________ ________ ________________(为了帮助聋人)．
答案：in aid of deaf people
(2)用恰当介词填空
We were greatly aided________our investigation by the cooperation of the police.
答案：in 警察的合作给我们的调查带来了巨大的帮助。考查介词。aid sb.in sth.意为“帮助某人某事”，介词in符合句意。2．temporary adj. 短暂的，临时的，暂时的
①A lot of work now is temporary or part－time.
现在有很多工作都是临时的或兼职的。
②The accident caused a temporary disability.
事故造成了暂时的残疾。
③The council have placed us in temporary accommodations.
委员会给我们安排了临时的住处。I temporarily lived with my aunt.
我暂时和我姑妈住在一起。temporariness n. 暂时性，临时性
temporarily adv. 暂时地，临时地
permanent adj.永久的[反]知识拓展
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)Mary worked here as a________(临时的)secretary and ended up getting a full－time job with the company.
答案：temporary 句意：玛丽在这儿当临时秘书，结果是在这家公司得到了一份全职的工作。temporary“临时的，暂时的”，符合句意。
(2)This is a(n) ________ arrangement, not a permanent one.
答案：temporary permanent“永久的”；temporary和permanent意思相反，根据not a permanent one可判断应填temporary。3．injury n.
(1)[U & C]～(to sb./sth.)(对躯体的)伤害，损伤
①The injury to their key player could be a decisive factor in the game.
他们主力队员受伤可能是这场比赛胜负的决定性因素。
②In the crash he suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.
在事故中他头部和双臂受了重伤。
③There were no injuries (＝no people injured) in the crash.
在这次撞车事故中无人受伤。
(2)[U] (对感情等)伤害、挫伤
①Damages may be awarded for emotional injury.
可能会判处精神伤害赔偿。
②Most people protect themselves from injury to their self－esteem.
大多数人保护自己使自尊心不受伤害。知识拓展
(1)add insult to injury 既伤害又侮辱；把关系弄得更糟；雪上加霜
Adding insult to injury, she threw my gift into the trash.
更糟的是，她把我的礼物丢进了垃圾筒。
(2)do sb./oneself an injury 使(某人/自己)受(身体的)伤害
If you try and lift that suitcase you'll do yourself an injury!
如果你要提起那只箱子，你会受伤的！ 比较网站
injury，wound，hurt，damage，harm活学活用
运用恰当词语填空
(1)The teacher's words did an injury ________ the little boy.
答案：to do an injury to为固定短语，意为“对……造成伤害”。句意：老师的话伤害了那个小男孩。
(2)The bullet ________(hurt/wound)the soldier in the head.
答案：wounded 句意为“子弹击伤了这个战士的头部”。指战斗中受伤通常用wound。
(3)Eating a lot and exercising little ________ harm to your health.
答案：do 句意为“吃得多而锻炼少对你的健康有害”。do harm to“对……造成伤害”。4．bleed v.
(1)流血，失血
Your arm is bleeding; put a bandage on it.
你的手臂在流血，用绷带包扎一下。
(2)给(某人)放血
Doctors used to bleed people when they were ill.
医生过去常常为生病的人放血。
(3)～sb.(for sth.)长期榨取(某人的钱)
The blackmailers bled him for every penny he had.
勒索者把他的钱榨得一干二净。
(4)(为国家、信仰等)流血，牺牲(＋for)
They bled for their country.
他们为国流血/牺牲。(1)blood n．血，血液；血统，血缘；血气，性情
常见短语：
blood bank血库
blood relation血亲
blood type血型
blood test验血
(2)bloody adj.出血的；血染的；伤亡惨重的知识拓展活学活用
(1)翻译句子
Blood is thicker than water.
______________________________________________
答案：血浓于水。
(2)用恰当形式填空
①It was a long and ________(bleed)battle and many men were killed.
②The best way to treat such________(bleed)is to apply firm pressure.
答案：①bloody ②bleeding5．choke v.
(1)～(on sth.)窒息，哽噎
The child was almost choked by the heavy smoke.
这孩子几乎被浓烟熏得窒息了。
(2)(掐住喉咙)使停止呼吸，使窒息
An old woman was found choked to death.
发现一个老妇人被掐死了。
(3)(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来，使哽咽
She choked with emotion.
她激动得说不出话来。
(4)～sth.(up)(with sth.)阻塞，塞满(通道或空间等)
The drains are choked(up)with dead leaves.
下水道被枯叶堵住了。①She choked back a sharp reply.
她把到了嘴边的一句尖刻的答话咽了下去。
②The dry spell choked off the supply of water in that area.
干旱使那地区断了水。(1)choke back 强忍住，抑制，克制
(2)choke off打断，停止，终止
(3)choke out(因感情激动而)哽咽着说，哽咽地说出某事
(4)choke up (因感情激动而)哽咽知识拓展
③“I hate you！”she chocked out.
“我恨你！”她哽咽着说道。
④She chocked up when she began to talk about her mother.
她开始谈起母亲时，哽咽着说不出话来。活学活用
完成句子
(1)她不喜欢那些食物，但还是勉强吞咽了下去。
She did not like the food but she managed to ______ ________ ________.
答案：choke it down 注意choke down中down为副词，故it需置于动词与副词之间。
(2)水流进他的喉咙，他呼吸开始困难。
Water went down his throat and he__________ __________ __________.
答案：began to choke6．essential adj.
(1)最重要的，不可缺少的
①Hard work is essential to success.
要想成功必须努力工作。
②It is essential that you (should) win the voters' hearts.
赢得选民的心是绝对必要的。
(2)本质的，根本的(通常置于名词之前)
There is no essential difference between the two drafts.
两份草稿没有本质上的不同。(1)be essential for/to...对……来说是必要的
(2)It is essential (that)．..做某事是绝对必要的
(3)It is essential (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)做某事是绝对必要的知识拓展
活学活用
完成句子
食物是维持生命不可缺少的。
Food is ________ ________ life.
答案：essential to7．poison
1) n.
(1)[C & U]毒药，毒物，毒素
He tried to kill himself by taking poison.
他曾试图服毒自杀。
(2)极有害的思想(或心情等)，精神毒药
Some people say that selfishness is a poison in our society.
一些人说自私是我们社会的一害。2) v.
(1)～sb.(with sth.)毒死，毒害
Someone tried to poison our dog.
有人想毒杀我们的狗。
(2)下毒，在……中放毒
He feared that someone had poisoned his food.
他害怕有人在他的食物中下了毒。
(3)毒化，败坏，使恶化
Envy of his friend's success poisoned his mind.
嫉妒朋友的成功使他产生了邪念。poisoner n．投毒杀人者，毒死别人的人
poisonous adj.有毒的；恶毒的，恶的；极端讨厌的
hate sb. like poison对某人恨之入骨
poison one's mind against说坏话使某人认为……不好知识拓展活学活用
用恰当形式填空
When the boy was nine years old，his father ________ (poison) by enemies.
答案：was poisoned 句意：在小男孩九岁时，父亲被敌人毒害了。poison是及物动词，表示“毒害”之意，此处用一般过去时的被动语态形式was poisoned。8．variety n.
(1)[C](同一事物的)不同种类，各种式样
①There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
有种类繁多的图案可供选择。
②Hospitals deal with disease of every variety.
医院诊治各种各样的疾病。
(2)[U]变化；多样化；多变性
We all need variety in our diet.
我们都需要饮食多样化。vary v．变化；改变
vary in在……方面不同
vary from... to.../vary between... and...从……到……不等
various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的
variously adv.以各种方式，不同地
a (great/wide) variety of多种多样的
varieties of＝kinds of＝sorts of多种多样的知识拓展①I have a variety of/varieties of books at home.
我家有各种各样的书。
②The quality of the students' work varies considerably.
学生作业的质量甚是参差不齐。
③Prices vary according to the type of room you require.
价格随所要求的户型而有所变化。
④This city is known for its various bridges.
这个城市因为各种桥梁而著称。活学活用
用恰当形式填空
(1)In the botanical garden we can find a________(various)of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.
答案：variety 句意：在植物园，我们可以找到各种各样的植物，从高大的树木到小花。a variety of意为“各种各样的”，符合句意。相当于varieties of...。
(2)Nowadays，people get news around them and about the world from________(variety)media ways：on TV，on the radio，in the newspaper or on the Internet.
答案：various 考查形容词。various各种的，多种的。9．mild adj.
(1)温和的，和善的，不严厉的
Use a soap that is mild on the skin.
使用刺激性不强的肥皂。
(2)(天气)温和的，和煦的
The weather is mild today；it is neither hot nor cold.
今天天气很温暖，不冷也不热。
(3)(情感)温和的，不强烈的，轻微的
He gave a mild answer, in spite of his annoyance.
他尽管已恼火，但回答得还是很和蔼。
(4)和善的，随和的
He's the mildest man you could wish to meet.
他是最温和的人了。
(5)不浓的，淡味的
I like this brand of wine because it's very mild.
我喜欢喝这个牌子的酒，因为它的味很淡。
活学活用
补全句子
史密斯先生是这样一位性情温和的人，他从来不发脾气。
Mr. Smith is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________he never loses his temper.
答案：such a mild person that或so mild a person that10．electric
1) adj.
(1)电的；发电的；用电的，电动的
①This heavy freighter is driven by two electric motors.
这辆重型运输汽车是由两台电动机驱动的。
②He bought an electric hair－drier for Mary.
他给玛丽买了一个电吹风。(2)充满刺激的，令人激动的
①The news had an electric effect.
这消息顿时使群情激昂。
②The president's speech had an electric effect on the crowd, and the students all cheered him.
校长的演说震撼人心，学生们都向他欢呼。
2)n. [U]供电
①The electric will be off tomorrow.
明天将会停电。
②I haven't paid the electric yet.
我还未付电费。比较网站
electric & electricalelectric shock 触电，电休克，电震，电击知识拓展
请比较：
an electric fan电扇
an electric blanket电热毯
an electrical engineer电机工程师
electrical equipment电器设备活学活用
选词填空
electric; electrical；electronic; electricity
(1)The cooker isn't working because of an________fault.
(2)Don't leave the lights on because it wastes________.
(3)Translators can now work from home, via________mail systems.
(4)This heavy truck is driven by two________motors.
答案：(1)electrical (2)electricity (3)electronic (4)electric11．swell
1) v.
(1)～(up)膨胀，肿胀
His injured wrist began to swell (up)．
他受伤的手腕开始肿起来。
(2)～(sth.)(out)(使)凸出，鼓出
The wind swelled(out)the sails.
风把船帆刮得鼓起来了。 (3)～(sth.)(to sth.)(使)增加，增大，扩大
The membership swelled to 200.
会员增加到了两百名。
(4)变得更响亮；增强
The murmur swelled into a roar.
窃窃私语的声音变大形成一片喧哗。
(5)～(with sth.)充满(激情)
His heart swelled with anger.
＝Anger swelled in him/his heart.
愤怒在他的心中涌起/他心中燃起怒火。2) n.
(1)[C, usually sing.]海浪的涌动，涌浪
The boat was caught in a heavy/strong swell.
船遇上了大浪涌。
(2)[sing.]增加，增大；扩大，增强
There was a swell in the city's population.
该市出现过人口膨胀。提示：swell的过去式、过去分词分别为swelled，swollen。swelling n．膨胀，肿胀；浮肿处
swollen adj.肿胀的；上涨的
swell up肿胀
swell (sth.) out(使……)突出
swell sth. to使……扩大/增加到……
swell with pride/joy满腔自豪/喜悦知识拓展活学活用
完成句子
他看到女儿领奖时心中充满了自豪感。
His heart________ ________ ________as he watched his daughter collect her prize.
答案：swelled with pride12．squeeze
1) v.
(1)挤压；捏
He squeezed on the tube until some toothpaste came out.
他挤牙膏管直到挤出一些牙膏。
(2)～sth.(out of/from sth.)|～sth.(out)(从某物中)榨出，挤出，拧出
I squeezed an orange and drank the juice.
我把橘子挤出汁喝了。(3)～(sb./sth.)into, through, etc. sth.|～through, in, past, etc.(使)挤入，挤过，塞入
We squeezed into the crowded room.
我们挤进拥挤的房子里。
(4)～sb.(for sth.)向……勒索(或榨取)，逼迫……给
That guy is capable of squeezing money out of his old mother.
那家伙做得出勒索他老母亲钱财的事来。
(5)给……造成财务困难，使财政受限制
Climbing cost of cotton squeezes mill profits.
上涨的棉花价格减少了纺织厂的利润。图解助记2) n.
(1)[C, usually sing.] 挤压，捏
He gave my arm a squeeze.
他捏了一下我的胳膊。
(2)[sing.]挤，塞
It's a tight squeeze to get five people in that small car.
五个人坐在那个小车里真是太挤了。
(3)[C]榨出的液体，少量挤出的汁
She put a squeeze of lemon in her drink.
她在饮料中放了一点柠檬汁。
(4)[C, usually sing.](可获得的钱，工作岗位等的)减少，削减，拮据，经济困难
She's just lost her job, so they're really feeling the squeeze.
她刚失了业，这下他们真正感到艰难了。squeeze... out of/from...把……从……中榨出来
squeeze money out of/from sb.勒索某人的钱财
squeeze into挤进……
squeeze through挤过，勉强通过知识拓展活学活用
用恰当词语填空
To reach a balance and reduce the burden on students，English is bound to be squeezed________from the major subject timetable in the near future.
答案：out 句意：为了实现平衡和减轻学生负担，在不久的将来，英语肯定会被从主课程表中挤出去的。squeeze out挤出，榨出。本句为被动形式，out符合语境。13．vital adj.
(1)极其重要的，必不可少的(常与to/for连用)
①Such measures are vital to national security.
这些措施对国家安全是必不可少的。
②Regular exercise is vital for your health.
经常锻炼对健康非常重要。
③It is vital that you keep accurate records.
保持准确的记录非常重要。(2)有生命的，充满活力的
①He is a strong and vital man.
他是一个身强体壮、朝气蓬勃的男子。
②The drawings were crude but wonderfully vital.
这些图画虽然粗糙，但充满活力。
(3)(仅用于名词前)维持生命所必需的
the body's vital processes 基本的生命活力 ①It's vitally important that you all attend the meeting.
你们都要参加会议，这极为重要。
②Despite his eighty years Tom was full of vitality.
尽管已经80岁了，汤姆仍然精力旺盛。
提示：在It is vital that...句型中，that从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”。
Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.
对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。vitally adv. 极大地，极必要地
vitality n. 生命力，生气；活力知识拓展活学活用
用恰当形式填空
(1)Nick is a school caretaker ，so it is vital that he________(get)on well with young people.
答案：(should)get 句意：Nick是一名学校门卫，因此与年轻人融洽相处至关重要。It is vital that...句式中，that从句应该用“(should＋)动词原形”表示虚拟语气。
(2)The way teachers treat the students will________ (vital)affect their growth in the future.
答案：vitally 句意：老师对待学生的方式将对他们未来的成长有极为重要的影响。考查副词。vitally极为重要地，符合语境，在句中作状语。14．pour v.
(1)使(液体)流出，倾倒
①Although I poured it carefully, I still managed to spill some.
尽管我倒这东西时很小心，但还是洒了一些。
②He poured some water into a glass.
他往一只玻璃杯里倒了些水。
(2)倒，斟(饮料)
①I've poured you a cup of coffee.
我给你倒了杯咖啡。
②I was in the kitchen, pouring out drinks.
我在厨房里倒饮料。(3)(液体、烟、光等)倾泻，喷发
①Tears poured down his cheeks.
眼泪顺着他的面颊簌簌地落下。
②Thick black smoke was pouring out of the roof.
黑色浓烟从屋顶滚滚冒出。
(4)涌进(出)，多强调比喻含意
The men poured into the hall for the meeting.
男人们涌进大厅开会。
(5)(雨)倾盆而下
The rain poured down endlessly.
倾盆大雨下个不停。①This river pours into the Pacific.
这条河流入太平洋。
②She poured out all her troubles to him.
她向他倾诉了一切烦恼。pour into涌入
pour out倾诉；倾吐知识拓展活学活用
补全句子
当我们单独在一起的时候，她向我诉说了她婚姻破裂的情况。
When we were alone，she________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________about her broken marriage.
答案：poured out her heart to me15．damp
(1)adj. 潮湿的，微湿的，湿气重的
①Don't sleep between damp sheets.
睡觉时不要用潮湿的被褥。
②The cottage was cold and damp.
这间小屋又冷又湿。
(2)n. [U]潮湿，湿气，湿块儿
①Air the clothes to get the damp out.
晾晾衣服以驱潮气。
②Don't stay outside in the damp.
外面潮湿，不要待在外面。
(3)v. 弄湿，使潮湿；抑制，减弱(感情等)
①She damped a towel and wrapped it round his leg.
她弄湿手巾，把它裹在他的腿上。
②Nothing could damp his spirits.
任何事都不能败他的兴。①The party was a bit of a damp squib.
这次聚会有些扫兴。
②Her remarks damped down their enthusiasm.
她的一席话给他们的热情泼了冷水。(1)a damp squib 令人失望的事；令人扫兴的事
(2)damp down sth. 抑制、控制(情绪、感情等)知识拓展
活学活用
完成句子
雨季的时候恐怕什么东西都会变潮湿的。
In the rainy season I'm afraid everything________________.
答案：gets damp16．symptom n．症状，征兆
①First the doctor asked me to describe my symptoms.
首先，医生要我描述我的症状。
②Bad behavior is often a symptom of unhappiness.
不良的行为通常是苦闷的表现。
③It is said that cancer doesn't show a symptom in its early stage.
据说癌症在初期看不出症状。
活学活用
完成句子
医生研究病人的症状后作出诊断。
The doctor made his diagnosis after studying ________ ________ ________.
答案：the patient's symptoms1.fall ill 生病
①She has to stay home because her son falls ill.
因为儿子生病所以她得待在家里。
②He had the misfortune to fall ill on the day of the examination.
他很倒霉，在考试当天生病了。fall silent沉默下来
fall asleep睡着；入睡
fall in with同意，赞成
fall for信以为真
fall through落空，失败
fall back on求助于，转而依靠
fall off数量减少；质量下降
fall out解散；争吵，闹翻；脱落
fall to (doing)开始(做某事)；(职责等)落在……身上知识拓展比较网站
fall ill, be ill
两者都含有“生病”之意。
(1)fall ill瞬间性动词短语，在肯定句中不能与表示“时间段”的状语连用。如表示“因……而病倒；患……疾病”，常和介词with搭配。
She fell ill with fever.
她发高烧病倒了。(2)be ill“患病”，延续性动词词组，可以和表示“时间段”的状语连用。
His mother has been ill for a month.
他妈妈已经病了一个月了。
注意：“fall＋adj.”这一结构强调的是从一种状态进入到另一状态的变化情况，一般没有动作延续这种情况，也不用于被动结构。活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
—How long has your grandma________(ill)?
—About three months.
答案：been ill 句意：——你奶奶病了多长时间了？——大约三个月了。fall ill生病，为非延续性动词短语，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，根据how long可知此处表示延续性动作，故用be ill；根据现在完成时态可知答案。
(2)补全句子
他因工作而受到热情的赞扬，太兴奋而无法入睡了。
Praised warmly for his work，he was too excited________ ________asleep.
答案：to fall2．stick to 粘贴在……上；坚持
①Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin.
用干燥、清洁又不沾皮肤的绷带缠住烧伤面。
②If you stick to the truth, you have nothing to fear.
坚持真理，你就无所畏惧。stick out 伸出，突出；醒目
stick by 忠于，维护
stick with 缠住，萦绕
stick up 竖起，直立
be stuck in 被困在……里面知识拓展比较网站
insist on, stick tostick to one's promise/plan/decision/opinions 坚持自己的许诺/计划/决定/意见活学活用
(1)补全句子
他答应过帮助我们，他没有失信。
He promised to help us and________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：he stuck to his word(2)用恰当词语填空
It is fashionable to drive a car，and to drive a car is not nearly as difficult as it is imagined on condition that you stick________the specialized rules.
答案：to 句意：开车很流行，而且只要遵守专业的规则，开车没有想象的那么难。考查动词短语。stick to遵守。根据语境可知填介词to。3．take off
(1)脱掉(衣服)，摘掉
Take off your clothes; they're very wet.
脱掉你的衣服，衣服湿透了。
(2)休假，休息
I've decided to take a few days off next week.
我决定下星期休息几天。
(3)取消，停演
The show was taken off because of a poor audience figure.
该剧目因不卖座而停演了。(4)(飞机)起飞
The nursery teacher often leads her children to watch planes take off or land.
幼儿园教师经常带领孩子们去看飞机起飞或降落。
(5)匆匆离去，匆忙离开
When he saw me coming he took off in the opposite direction.
他见我走过来便赶快转身走了。
(6)突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
Her singing career took off after her TV appearance.
她在电视上亮相后歌唱事业便迅速走红。take apart拆开
take back 收回
take in 理解；上当
take on 呈现
take over 接管
take to 喜欢上
take up 占用知识拓展活学活用
用take短语填空
(1)Rod loves ________ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again.
答案：taking apart 考查动词短语辨析。句意：罗德喜欢拆钟表，然而他从来不能把它们再组装起来。take apart“拆开，分开”。
(2)Ted doesn't know what to ________ at the university; he can't make up his mind about his future.
答案：take up4．over and over again 一次又一次，反复
①My headteacher has told me over and over again not to get addicted to computer games.
我的班主任已多次告诉我不要沉迷于电脑游戏。
②The teacher made us pronounce the same word over and over again.
老师让我们反复念同一个词。与over and over again同义的短语：
time and(time)again 一再，屡次
again and again 多次，再三
time after time 多次，不断地知识拓展活学活用
(1)补全句子
他喋喋不休地讲着，反复对我讲那个故事。
He kept talking on and on，telling me the same story________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：over and over again
(2)用恰当词语填空
Although she begged her father over and over________，he still didn't approve of her marriage.
答案：again 句意：虽然她再三恳求她的父亲，但他仍然不同意她的婚事。over and over again多次，一次又一次地，符合语境。5．in place/into place
(1)在正确位置，准备妥当
①She likes to have everything in place.
她喜欢每件东西都各就各位。
②The receiver had already clicked into place.
听筒咔的一声放回了原位。
(2)安排就绪，准备就绪
①All the arrangements are now in place for their visit.
为他们来访所准备的一切都安排就绪了。
②With everything in place, she started the slide show.
一切就绪后，她开始放幻灯片。①You can use a pencil in place of a pen.
你可以用铅笔代替钢笔。
②Her remarks were out of place.
她出言不当。in place of代替
out of place不合适的
take place发生
take the place of取代，代替
take one's place就座知识拓展
③She couldn't attend the meeting, so her assistant took her place.
她不能参加会议，所以她的助手代她出席。
④Take your places for dinner.
请各位入席。活学活用
(1)用恰当词语填空
Professor Smith will come here to give a speech.All the preparations must be________place before 5 o'clock.
答案：in 句意：史密斯教授将来这里作演讲。在5点之前，所有准备工作都必须就绪。考查介词短语。in place准备就绪的。
(2)补全句子
这个人手受伤了，觉得很难把箱子抓牢。
Injured in the hand，the man found it difficult to hold the box________ ________.
答案：in place6．sit up
(1)坐起；端坐
The patient is well enough to sit up in bed now.
病人现在已经能从床上坐起来了。
(2)熬夜(尤指为等候某人)
①I shall get back late, so don't sit up.
我要晚些回来，别(为等我)晚睡。
②The nurse sat up with the patient all night.
那护士整夜没睡守护着病人。(3)突然注意起发生的事情或说的话
The news made us all sit up and take notice.
这消息立即引起了我们的注意。
活学活用
补全句子
有这么多工作要做，我们不得不彻夜不眠。
With so much work to do, we had to ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：sit up through the night1.So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.
因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。
在句中as引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作宾语，指代的是if your skin gets burned it can be very serious。as在非限制性定语从句中，可以代替整个句子或者一件事，在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语，意为“正如……；就像……”，可位于主句之前或之后，一般用逗号与主句隔开。
①The football team won the game, as we had expected.
正如我们所预料的一样，这支足球队赢了。
②The Pacific is the largest ocean, as we all know.
太平洋是最大的洋，这一点我们都知道(正如我们所知道的，太平洋是最大的洋)。活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)There is no simple answer，______ is often the case in science.
答案：as 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：没有简单的答案，这在科学方面是常有的事。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，缺少主语，故填as。“as is often the case”可以看成是固定表达，意为“这是常有的事”。
(2)The Beatles, ________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.
答案：as 考查as引导的定语从句。当as引导定语从句，修饰整个主语或主句时，可以放在句首、句中或者句尾。as表示“正如，就像”。
2．Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
unless为从属连词，引导条件状语从句。其用法总结如下：
(1)除非，除非在……情况下
①You won't get paid for time off unless you have a doctor's note.
除非你有医生证明，否则你不上班就拿不到工资。
②Unless I'm mistaken, she was back at work yesterday.
除非是我记错了，她是昨天回来上班的。
(2)若非，如果不
①I sleep with the window open unless it's really cold.
天气若不是很冷，我总是开着窗户睡觉。
②Unless something unexpected happens, I'll see you tomorrow.
如果不出意外，我明天去看你。知识拓展
(1)unless和if...not的用法常常是相同的。
Follow the green signs unless you have goods to declare/if you haven't any goods to declare.
未携带须申报货物者，沿绿色标记通行。
(2)unless不可用以指尚未发生的事情之结果，因而不可用于“假想的”条件句中。
We would have had a lovely holiday if it hadn't rained every day.
要不是天天下雨的话，我们的假日就过得痛快了。(本句中不可用unless it had rained)(3)unless(并非if...not)常用以引导出补充前言的话，即：对刚说过的话要加些补充。
She hasn't gotten any hobbies unless you call watching TV a hobby.
她没有任何嗜好——除非把看电视也算作嗜好的话。
(4)指将来可能发生或可能真实的情况用unless。
Have a cup of tea—unless you'd prefer a cold drink.
喝一杯茶吧——除非你想喝冷饮。活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)(2014·湖南卷改编)You will never gain success ________you are fully devoted to your work.
答案：unless 考查状语从句。句意：除非你全身心地投入到你的工作中，否则你就不会获得成功。所填词引导条件状语从句，意思是“除非，如果不”，故填unless。
(2)A small car is big enough for a family of three______you need more space for baggage.
答案：unless 考查连词。unless“除非，如果不”。句意为“对于三口之家来说小汽车是足够大了，除非你需要更多的空间存放行李。”Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Do keep the________(毒药) away from your children.
2．After________(拧；挤) the water out of the shirt, she hung it in the sun.
3．I knocked over the bucket and the water________(倒) out all over the floor.
4．It was obvious she had broken her toe, because it immediately started to________(膨胀)．
5．Although it was a________(复杂的) problem，he solved it in a very simple way.6．A serious lack of water is a real________(屏障，障碍) for people wanting to settle in the desert.
7．You might want to consider t________work until you decide what you want to do.
8．In the crash he suffered severe i________to the head and arms.
9．His lectures appeal a lot because they range over a v________of topics.
10．I got an electric s________from that light switch when at home.
答案：1.poison(s) 2.squeezing 3.poured 4.swell 5.complex 6.barrier 7.temporary 8.injuries 9.variety 10.shockⅡ.用适当的介、副词填空
1．As soon as all the chairs are ________ place, we can let the people in.
2．“Put on more clothes to protect yourself ________ the cold，” Mother said to Tom.
3．He was so fat that the could only squeeze ________ the door.
4．Fruit juices can be harmful ________ children's teeth.
5．After the storm, all the things in my garden seemed to be out ________ place.6．The three layers of skin act as a barrier ________ diseases, poisons and the sun's harmful rays.
7．I sat ________ late the whole night, reading a novel.
8．He resigned for a variety ________ reasons.
9．Don't get close ________ the burning house.
10．Who acted ________ his interpreter when he was on a visit abroad?
答案：1.in 2.from/against 3.through 4.to 5.of 6.against 7．up 8.of 9.to 10.asⅢ.词语辨析
1．用wound, hurt, damage, harm与injury适当形式填空
(1)We still don't know how much________was caused by the fire.
(2)He died from ________several days after the shooting.
(3)The________to his legs forced him to stay in bed for a long time.
(4)Smoking doesgreat________to his health; what's worse, his girlfriend's leaving________his feelings.2．用as，which，what，that填空。
(1)The meeting was put off，________was exactly what we wanted.
(2)Pop music is such an important part of society________it has even influenced our language.
(3)________ismentioned above, there're several ways to help give up smoking.
(4)________was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
答案：1.(1)damage (2)wound (3)injuries (4)harm；hurts 2.(1)as/which (2)that (3)As (4)WhatUnit 5 Section Ⅱ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The smoke from the stove almost________(使……窒息) me.
2．I fell over and twisted my________(脚踝) when I went downstairs.
3．Check that all the windows and doors are shut t________before you leave.
4．The cut on my arm b________for a long time before I realized it.
5．He cleared his t________and started speaking to the audience.
答案：1.choked 2.ankle 3.tightly 4.bled 5.throat
Ⅱ.用适当的介词或副词填空
1．Women should be free to dress and act________they please.
2．The government was not in a position to provide them________food.
3．Carelessly, I knocked my tea cup________the table cloth.
4．Continue in this direction________you see a sign along the roadside.
5．Again, cut the carpet to get a clean edge, and cut the binding tape________the right length.
6．We would be grateful________any information you can give us.
7．The home is situated________easy access of shops and other facilities.
8．People in the U. S. usually drive________the left－hand side of the road.
9．You're going skiing with three friends? That sounds________fun.
10．He's now________hospital, and in a confused state of mind.
答案：1.as 2.with 3.over 4.until 5.to 6.for 7.within 8.on 9.like 10.in
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．In our class boys like sports, while girls do not like.
________________________________________________________________________
2．If is possible, discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations.
________________________________________________________________________
3．Unless inviting to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
________________________________________________________________________
4．—Will you go with me?
—Well, I'd like.
________________________________________________________________________
5．—Are you a farmer?
—No，but I used to.
________________________________________________________________________
6．He could do nothing but to wait and see.
________________________________________________________________________
7．—Can you put it off?
—I am afraid not so.
________________________________________________________________________
8．—What has made him upset recently?
—Left alone to face a troublesome milk case.
________________________________________________________________________
9．I saw the hoy to fall off his bike.
________________________________________________________________________
10．While cleaning the glass, my finger got hurt.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.去掉第二个like
2．去掉is或在is之前添加it 根据省略原则，if it is possible在进行省略时，将it is一起省略。
3．inviting→invited 把省略部分补充完整后应该是：Unless you are invited to speak。
4．在答语like后加to 省略部分补充完整后应该是：I'd like to go with you.根据省略原则，保留到to。
5．在to后加be 把省略部分补充完整后应该是：No，but I used to be a farmer.根据省略原则，不定式to后出现be时，要把be动词一起保留。
6．去掉to 固定句型do nothing but do...。
7．去掉so。
8．Left→Being left what提问的是主语。在回答中，过去分词不能作主语，结合句意，可以使用动词－ing的被动形式。
9．去掉to see，watch，notice，hear等词＋宾语＋动词原形表示“看见或听见某人/某物做了某事”。
10．在While与cleaning之间加I was 当从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语中含be时，从句的主语与be可省略；但当两个主语不一致时，不可省略。
Ⅳ.补全句子
1．当你过马路时，最好看看路的两边。
________ ________ ________________，you'd better look at both sides of the road.
2．她邀请我和她跳舞，但我不想和她跳舞。
She asked me to dance with her，but I________ ________ ________.
3．——你是一位老师吗？
——不，但我过去是。
—Are you a teacher?
—No，but________ ________ ________ ________.
4．——今天你母亲怎么样了？
——她好多了。
—How is your mother today?
—________________.
5．约翰没有来，但他本应该来的。
John didn't come，but he________ ________ ________.
6．当小女孩被警察询问时，她开始伤心地哭了起来。
The little girl began to cry sadly when________ ________ ________ ________.
7．我们跟踪的那个人突然停了下来，似乎要看一下是否走对了方向。
The man we followed suddenly stopped________ ________ ________ ________whether he was going in the right direction.
8．当必要的时候，我们将把老房子拆掉。
We'll have the old house pulled down________ ________.
9．他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该把它牢记在心。
________ ________the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.
10．这是我看过的最让人兴奋的一款游戏。
This is the most exciting game________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：1.When crossing the road 2.didn't want to 3.I used to be 4.Much better 5.ought to have 6.asked by the policeman 7.as if to see 8.when necessary 9.He said 10.I have ever watched
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
First aid means the aid or the help that can be given to an injured person first, that is, before any other help arrives. Nowadays there is usually a telephone not far away and the first we should do，if a serious accident happens，is to send someone to telephone for an ambulance. Sometimes quick action by us may save someone's life.
Shock. People often suffer from shock after receiving an injury，sometimes even when the injury is a small one. The face turns grey，and the skin becomes damp and cold. They breathe quickly. They should be kept warm. Cover them with a blanket and give them a warm drink.
Broken bones. Do not move the patient. Send for an ambulance at once. Treat for shock if necessary.
Bleeding. A little bleeding doesn't harm. It washes dirt from the wound. But if the bleeding continues, try to stop it by placing a clean cloth firmly over the wound until the bleeding stops or helps arrive.
Poison. A person who has taken poison should be taken to a hospital at once. With some poisons, sleeping pills, for example，it is a good thing to make the patient throw up by pressing your fingers down his or her throat.
Remember: When an accident happens，send someone to telephone for an ambulance at once. Keep theinjured person warm and quiet. Give him or her plenty of air. Do not let other people crowd around him or her.
1．How many common accidents are mentioned in this passage?
A. Two. B． Three.
C. Four. D. Five.
答案：C 细节理解题。由第二、三、四、五段的首句可得出答案。
2．If someone goes into shock after receiving an injury, you'll find that________.
A. the face turns grey
B. the skin becomes damp and cold
C. the patient breathes quickly
D. All of the above.
答案：D 细节理解题。由第二段第二、三句“The face turns grey，and the skin becomes damp and cold.They breathe quickly.”可知休克的表现为脸色变灰，皮肤潮湿发冷，呼吸急促。从而得出答案D。
3. The passage mainly tells us________.
A. some advice on how to deal with common accidents
B. some facts about some common accidents
C. some examples of common accidents
D. something we must remember
答案：A 主旨大意题。非常明显本文就是告诉读者面对一些常见的事故，如休克、骨折、流血和中毒等，应采取怎样的急救措施。
B
(2015·四川)
Across Britain，burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers. But，according to a new study，we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.
Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work. Now，the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental lab ours，they would earn as much as ￡172,000 a year.
The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do，as well as the hours they are working，to determine the figure.This would make their yearly income ￡30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.
By analysing the numbers，it found the average mother works 119 hours a week,40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate and 79 hours as overtime. After questioning 1,000 mothers with children under 18，it found that，on most days，mums started their routine work at 7am and finished at around 11pm.
To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour，it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on，including housekeeper，part－time lawyer，personal trainer and entertainer.Being a part－time lawyer，at ￡48.98 an hour，would prove to be the most profitable of the “mum jobs”，with psychologist(心理学家)a close second.
It also asked mothers about the challenges they face，with 80 per cent making emotional(情感的) demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.
Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and around half said they missed going out with friends.
The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother's Day.The emotional，physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never－ending，but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing(投入)in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.
文章大意：本文为说明文。主要通过数据说明了母亲在家庭中所做的巨大贡献。作者认为，母亲这一职业值得全年的关注，因为它包含太多。
4．How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister?
A．￡30,000. B．￡142,000.
C．￡172,000. D．￡202,000.
答案：B 根据文章的they would earn as much as ￡172,000 a year.以及This would make their yearly income ￡3,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.可知，总理的工资是172,000－3,000＝142,000。故选择B。
5．The biggest challenge for most mothers is from ________.
A．emotional demand B．low pay for work
C．heavy workload D．lack of training
答案：A 根据文章倒数第三段的It also asked mothers about the challenges they face, with 80 percent making emotional(情感的) demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.可知，选择A。
6．What is stressed in the last paragraph?
A．Mothers' importance shows in family all year long.
B．The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.
C．Mothers' devotion to children can hardly be calculated.
D．Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.
答案：B 根据最后一段的The emotional，physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never－ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness.可知，选择B，指母亲付出的牺牲是巨大的，但是又是值得的。
7．What can we conclude from the study?
A．Mothers' working hours should be largely reduced.
B．Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.
C．Mothers' labour is of a higher value than it is realised.
D．Mothers should be freed from housework for social life.
答案：C 根据文章第一段的But, according to a new study, we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.可知，作者认为母亲的重要性应该得到更多的关注，故选择C。
Ⅵ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
With a backpack full of medicine, LaBrot set up under a tree in a deserted village in the Serengeti. A line of fifty__1__(patient) formed, all of them with a variety of__2__ (ill)from tuberculosis to lion wounds to common colds. It was not__3__，however，before the supplies in his backpack__4__(use) up and the line had only grown longer. Heartbroken and driven to tears__5__the fact that he would have to leave patients untreated, he decided then and there that he would never leave apatient untreated，__6__the circumstance is.
Later, the group Floating Doctors was established with the mission__7__(bring)medical relief to remote coastal communities around the world. The group decided to buy a 76－foot sailboat__8__ (call)“The Southern Wind”. LaBrot now had “a much__9__(big) backpack” and would never run out of supplies again. They loaded “The Southern Wind” with 25,000 pounds of medical supplies and set sail for their first medical mission.In__10__(rough)three months they facilitated 35 mobile clinics and treated 2,500 patients.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了LaBrot和他的同事们致力于为那些偏远地区的人们提供医疗援助的故事。
答案：
1．patients 考查名词。空前面的数词fifty决定此空必须填名词复数形式。
2．illnesses 考查名词。根据a variety of可知，此空必须填名词，而且应该是复数形式，下文的from...to...也列出了三种形式的病。ill的名词是illness。
3．long 考查形容词。这是it was not long before句型，意为“没有多久就……”。
4．were used 考查时态和语态。the supplies和use up之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态，由语境可知用一般过去时的被动语态。
5．by 考查介词。根据空前面的两个并列的过去分词可知，此处填介词by。
6．whatever 考查连词。补全后句意是“……他当场就决定以后绝不会让一个患者得不到治疗，无论是什么情况”。因为从句缺少表语，所以不能填however。
7．to bring 考查非谓语动词。此处应该填不定式作mission的定语。
8．called 考查非谓语动词。这艘帆船应该是被称为“The Southern Wind”。
9．bigger 考查比较级。所填词被much修饰，所以应该用比较级形式。LaBrot现在的背包更大了。
10．roughly 考查副词。roughly意为“大约”。
课件80张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5 First aidUnit 5Section Ⅱ Learning about LanguageⅠ.单词拼写
1．The front door is locked and all the windows are________(坚固地)shut.
2．I have a severe cough and ________ (喉咙) pain.
3．The scared baby held the mother's arm ________ (紧紧地)．
4．He escaped from the train wreck without ______ (伤害)．
5．He gave the poor woman a __________ (暂时的) job as well as some money.
6．A balanced diet is________(极为重要的)to one's health.firmlythroattightlyinjurytemporaryvital
Ⅱ.补全短语
1．too ________ 太多
2．a ________ of touch 触觉
3．belong ________ 属于
4．act ________ 充当，担任muchsensetoasⅢ.试着将下列句子改为省略结构
1．Don't move the broken leg if it is possible.
2．He tried to save the people buried in the ruins as others saved the people.
3．You carry the heavy box for the old man.
4．If we had gone to the party, we should have known the fact.
5．Do you know the gentleman whom our teacher is talking with?
答案：1.Don't move the broken leg if possible.
2．He tried to save the people buried in the ruins as others.
3．Carry the heavy box for the old man.
4．Had we gone to the party, we should have known the fact.
5．Do you known the gentleman our teacher is talking with?1.tight adj.
(1)牢固的，紧的，不松动的
①He kept a tight grip on her arm.
他紧紧握住了她的胳膊。
②The screw was so tight that it wouldn't move.
螺丝钉太紧，拧不开。(2)紧身的，紧贴的
①She was wearing a tight pair of jeans.
她穿着一条紧身牛仔裤。
②The new sweater was a tight fit.
这件新毛衣很贴身。
(3)拮据的，不宽裕的
①We have a very tight budget.
我们的预算很紧。
②The president has a tight schedule today.
总统今天的日程排满了。(4)严密的，严格的；拉紧的
①We need tighter security at the airport.
我们需要在机场实行更加严密的安全措施。
②The rope was stretched tight.
这根绳子被拉得很紧。tightly adv. 紧紧地，牢牢地
tighten v. (使)变紧，更加牢固知识拓展比较网站
tight (adv.)，tightly
[译]袋子包装得很紧。
[误]The bags were tight packed.
[正]The bags were packed tight.
[正]The bags were tightly packed.活学活用
用恰当形式填空
He held my hand very________(tight)at first but gradually his hold loosened.
答案：tightly 句意：开始时他紧紧握住我的手，但是渐渐地松开了。tightly表示“紧紧地”，符合语境。
2．firm adj.
(1)坚固的，坚硬的
①These peaches are still firm.
这些桃子还很硬。
②Bake the cakes until they are firm to touch.
把蛋糕烤到摸起来有硬感为止。(2)坚定的，坚决的
①She is a firm favourite with the children.
孩子们着实喜欢她。
②We have no firm evidence to support the case.
我们没有确凿的证据支持这个论点。
(3)牢固的，稳固的
①The ladder felt strong and firm.
这把梯子感觉很结实稳固。
②Stand the fish tank on a firm base.
把鱼缸放在牢固的基座上。①Keep your eyes firmly fixed on the road ahead.
密切注视路的前方。
②“I can manage”， she said firmly.
“我应付得了”，她坚定地说。firmly adv. 坚定地，坚固地知识拓展活学活用
用恰当形式填空
I shall tell her ________(firm)that it is not any business of hers.
答案：firmly 句意为“我将毫不含糊地告诉她这不关她的事”。1.knock over打翻，撞翻
①He'd knocked over a glass of water.
他打翻了一杯水。
②Who knocked that bottle over?
谁把瓶子撞倒了？①The room was dark and he knocked into the table.
房间里一片漆黑，他撞到了桌子上。
②She was knocked down by a bus.
她被一辆公共汽车撞倒在地。knock into撞到……上
knock sb. down/over打倒(击倒或撞倒)某人
knock sth. down推倒
knock off停止做某事知识拓展
③These old houses are going to be knocked down.
这些旧房子就要拆了。
④Do you want to knock off early today?
你今天想早点儿歇工吗？活学活用
完成句子
(1)He____________(撞翻)his coffee cup. It went right over the keyboard.
(2)Did you notice who____________(撞倒她)?
(3)He was lost in thought and__________(撞到树上)．
(4)Please________________(把鸟从树洞里敲打出来)．
答案：(1)knocked over (2)knocked her over/down
(3)knocked into/against the tree (4)knock the bird out of the hole in the tree2．belong to
(1)属于
①The temple surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government.
被墙围着的那座庙属于当地政府。
②What you said does not belong to this discussion.
你所说的不属于这次讨论的范围。
(2)是……的一部分；为……的一员
Do you belong to the club?
你有没有加入那个俱乐部？
提示：belong to不用于被动语态和进行时态。The hammer belongs with the rest of the tools.
这把锤子通常和其他工具放在一起。belong vi.应该在(某处)，通常在(某处)；适合在(某处)，适应(不与to连用，后面通常跟副词或其他介词短语)
belongings n．财产；所有物知识拓展活学活用
用恰当形式填空
He took away the bag not ________(belong)to him by mistake.
答案：belonging 句意：他错拿了不属于他的包。belong是不及物动词，与主语he是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式作定语。She could not decide whether to send him to hospital or not to send him to hospital.
她不能决定要送他去医院还是不送他去医院。
该句中whether to send him...为“whether＋不定式”结构，在句中作动词decide的宾语。英语中有些动词(词组)如tell，show，know，decide，learn，discuss，find out等词(组)后可以用疑问词how，what，when，where，who等加不定式的形式作宾语，该结构在句中也可作主语和表语。
①He showed us how to do the work.
他给我们展示怎么做这项工作。
②When and where to hold the meeting hasn't been decided.
何时何地召开这次会议还没决定。
③The problem is when to start.
问题是何时开始。知识拓展whether...or...或者……或者……，是……还是……，表选择关系；不管……还是……，引导让步状语从句We must decide whether to stay or go.
我们必须决定是走还是待在这里。活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
I have worked with children before，so I know what ________(expect)in my new job.
答案：to expect 句意：我以前带过孩子，所以我知道在我的新工作中会碰到些什么。本题考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构。what to expect在句中作know的宾语。(2)句型转换
Seeing their son playing computer games all day，the parents don't know what they should do with it.
＝Seeing their son playing computer games all day，the parents don't know________ ________ ________ ________it.
答案：what to do with/how to deal with 句意：父母看到自己的儿子整天玩电脑游戏，不知道该如何解决。“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中作宾语，what to do with...＝how to deal with...，意为“如果解决……”。省 略
省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种十分普遍的现象。为了避免重复，句子中某些部分常可省略。句子常可省略的有下列各部分。Ⅰ.成分省略
1．省略主语 (多限于少数现成说法)
①Thank you for your help.
谢谢你的帮助。
②See you tomorrow.
明天见。
③(You)Take care!
当心！
④(It)Looks as if it will rain.
看起来像要下雨了。2．省略谓语动词
1)省略谓语动词
①Some of us study Russian, others (study) English.
我们有的学俄语，有的学英语。
②He got up earlier than I (got up) today.
他今天起得比我早。
③Who (comes) next?
该谁了？
④We'll do the best we can (do)．
我们将尽力而为。 2)省略系动词
①Ma Lin is a bus－driver，his wife a conductor.
马林是位公共汽车司机，他的妻子是售票员。
②His face is tanned and his hands big and strong.
他的脸晒得很黑，他的双手大而有力。
③Gold is more expensive than silver.
金子比银子更贵重。3．省略表语
①He was a lover of sports as he had been (a lover of sports) in his youth.
他还是像年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。
②—I think we're right.
—I'm sure we are (right)．
——我想我们是对的。
——我想是这样。4．省略宾语
①Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.
我们洗盘子吧，我洗你擦干。
②George fixed (the door) and painted the door.
乔治安装并粉刷了这扇门。
5．省略定语
He spent part of the money, and the rest (of the money) he saved.
那钱他花了一部分，其余的他都存了起来。6．省略状语
He was not hurt. (How) Strange!
他没有受伤，真奇怪！
7．同时省略句子几个部分，甚至几个句子的相同成分都被省掉。这种现象多用于表示比较的状语从句中，在对疑问句的简略回答中，以及在反意疑问句或选择疑问句中。
①In winter it is colder in Beijing than in Guangzhou.
北京的冬天比广州冷。②She pledged herself to complete her father's unfinished task, whatever the cost (it was)．
她立誓不管付出多大代价，也要完成她父亲未完成的事业。
③—When did you read the play?
—Long age.
“你什么时候读的这个剧本？”“很久以前。”④—Have you ever been to Xinjiang?
—你去过新疆吗？
—Never.
—从来没有。
⑤What exciting news (it is)!
多么令人激动的消息啊！
⑥(It is a) Pity that he's failed.
很遗憾，他失败了。 知识拓展
1)在if，when，though，as，as if(好像)等连词引导的从句中，如果从句中的谓语含有系动词be，并且主语和主句主语一致或是代词it，可以将主语和动词be省掉。
①When you do this exercise，make changes in the sentence structure when/if necessary.
做这个练习时，必要时可以改动句子结构。
②He is very good at painting, though very young(＝though he is very young)．
他虽然年纪轻轻，但很擅长画画。③The boy looked as if afraid of nothing.
那男孩看起来好像什么都不怕。
④If necessary, we shall send a telegram home.
如果有必要，我们就往家里打电报。
⑤Whenever possible, he will come to my help.
他一有可能就来帮助我。
⑥While cycling, don't forget the traffic lights.
骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。2)在下面的句子中，动词不定式符号to的后面省去了动词原形及其以后的部分。
①You may go with them if you want to.
你愿意的话，也可以和他们一起去。(to后省去go with them)
②—Will you be able to come?
—你来吗？
—I'd love to. But I'm busy.
—我倒很想来，可是我现在有事。
③Don't go until tell you to.
等我叫你走你再走。3)由固定词组引导的疑问句，常常出现省略现象。
①What about having a game of chess?
下盘棋怎么样？
②How come they left you alone here?
他们怎么会把你一人留在这里呢？
③What if it's raining?
如果天下雨怎么办？
④Why not try again?
为什么不再试试呢？Ⅱ.小品词的省略
1．省略介词
①He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons.
他花了四个小时复习功课。
②I've studied English (for) five years.
我已学五年英语了。
③They are (of) the same age.
他们年龄相同。
④There is no use (in) explaining it to her any more.
这件事再向她解释也是无用的。
⑤He is carrying out this experiment (in) the same way as I did yesterday.
他使用我昨天采用的方法在做他的实验。
2．省略连词that
①I believe (that) you will succeed.
我相信你们会成功的。
②It's a pity (that) he's leaving.
他要走，真遗憾。
③I'm sure (that) she will help you.
我肯定她会帮你的。
3．省略关系代词
①I'll give you all (that) I have.
我会把我所有的一切都给你。
②He read the book (which) I got yesterday.
他看过我昨天买的书了。 Ⅲ.替代省略
1．so代替提到过的形容词，动词甚至是宾语从句 (think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, hope等与so连用，替代肯定的宾语从句；与not连用，替代否定的宾语从句)。
①—You aren't right.
—你是不对的。
—I am so!
—我是对的！
②He's clever, probably too much so for his own good.
他很聪明，可能已到了自私自利的地步。
③I wouldn't have told you this if it weren't so.
如果事实不是如此的话，我就不会告诉你这件事了。2．“So/Nor(Neither)＋谓语＋主语”这种句型用来替代前面提到的情况，表明它也适用于后者。
①Jane will never compromise with Bill, and nor will Bill.
简决不会同比尔和解，而比尔也决不会同简和解。
②He can't do it, nor can I, nor can you, nor can anybody.
他不能做这事，我也不能，你也不能，任何人都不能。
③He likes skating and so does she.
他喜欢滑冰，她也喜欢滑冰。3．不定代词替代，此类词有all, both, some, any, enough, several, none, many, much, more, (the) most, (a) few, another, the other, others, either等。
①Though they worked hard, none of the boys has passed the history examination.
尽管这些男孩子们学习很刻苦，可是他们中没有人历史考试及格。
②One took a taxi, and the other walked home.
一个人打车回家，另一个人则步行回家。
4．one, ones, that, those替代。
①I haven't a book; can you lend me one?
我没有书，你能借我一本吗？
②The weather in Harbin is much colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.
冬季哈尔滨的天气比广州冷得多。5．动词性替代。
①You like rock climbing as much as he does.
你跟他一样喜欢攀岩。
②—Have you finished writing your report?
—你写好报告了吗？
— I haven't done yet, but I will do.
—我还没有写呢，不过我马上就写。
高考真题改编
1．(2015·北京卷改编)If ________(accept)for the job, you'll be informed soon.
答案：accepted 句意：如果录用你了，我们将很快通知你。本句条件状语从句中省略了主语you，与accept构成被动关系，用过去分词accepted。
2．(2014·湖南卷改编)Children，when________(accompany)by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
答案：accompanied 考查非谓语动词。由when可知所填词作题干的时间状语，逻辑主语是题干的主语children，所填词与逻辑主语是被动关系，故填accompanied。
3．(2014·福建卷改编)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, if ________， reaching 30℃ in summer.
答案：ever 考查if从句的省略。根据形容词pleasant“令人愉悦的”及副词rarely“很少”可知，气温达到30度只是偶尔才会出现的情况，故填ever。句意：这儿的气候是相当舒适的，要是曾经有的话，气温也很少达到30度。
4．(2013·全国Ⅰ卷改编)The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not________.
答案：to 考查不定式的省略形式。句意：这名司机想把车停在路边，但警察不让他停在路边。ask sb.not to do sth.要求某人不要干某事，此处承前省略，只留下不定式符号to。
5．(2013·浙江卷改编)There are some health problems that, when not________(treat)in time, can become bigger.
答案：treated 考查状语从句的省略。句意： 有一些健康问题，如果没得到及时的治疗在以后的生活中会变得更严重。分析结构可知，此处是状语从句的省略，从句主语problems与treat之间为动宾关系，故填treated，其完整的形式为 when they are not treated in time。
专项练习
1．To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then ________(代词)of her colleagues.
答案：that 考查代词的用法。句意：让德拉高兴的是，她先是赢得了学生的信任，然后又赢得了同事的信任。that代指上文的不可数名词the trust。2．When________(compare)different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
答案：comparing 句意：在比较不同的文化时，我们通常只是注意其差异，而忽视了它们的许多相似之处。本题考查状语从句的省略，补充完整为：When we are comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.本题也可以理解为现在分词短语作时间状语。动词compare与主语we构成逻辑上的主谓关系，采用现在分词表示主动。3．When________(offer)help, one often says“Thank you” or“It's very kind of you”．
答案：offered 句意：当得到来自他人的帮助时，我们常常说“谢谢”或“谢谢你”。本题考查时间状语从句的省略。补充完整为：When he or she is offered help, one often says“Thank you” or“It's very kind of you”．此外也可以理解为分词作时间状语，句子的主语one与动词offer之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，采用过去分词作状语。
4．—I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.
—________(sound)good.
答案：Sounds 句意：“我在想周末我们能否去滑雪。”“听起来不错。”本句是省略用法，其完整的形式应为“That sounds good”，口语中往往省略主语，所以填sounds。
5．—What should I do with this passage?
—________(find)out the main idea of each paragraph.
答案：Find 句意：“这篇文章我该怎么处理？”“把每段的主旨大意找出来。”答语是省略形式，省略了句子主语和部分谓语，完整的句子是You should find out the main idea of each paragraph。故填find。6．—Brad was Jane's brother.
—No________he reminded me so much of Jane.
答案：wonder (It is) No wonder (that)．..表示“难怪……；……不足为奇”；例如：No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating sweets all day.难怪他不饿，他整天在吃糖果。No doubt表示“无疑地，不容怀疑地；很可能地”；例如：No doubt you would like a drink.毫无疑问你是喜欢喝一杯了。7．I could do anything but ________(admit)to him that I was wrong.
答案：admit 句意：除了向他承认错误外，我做什么都可以。but前有实义动词do，其后作宾语的不定式常省略to，故填admit。
8．—Will you join us in the game?
—Thank you，but I would rather________.
答案：not 由句意可知，“Thank you”与“I'd rather not”之间为转折关系。I'd rather not.为口语中的省略结构，完整形式为：I'd rather not join you in the game.
9．We all know that, if not carefully________(deal)with, the situation will get worse.
答案：dealt 主从句主语一致，从句中谓语动词为系动词be，可省略主语和系动词be，完整的句子为We all know that, if the situation is not carefully dealt with, it will get worse.
10．The research is so designed that once ________ (begin)nothing can be done to change it.
答案：begun 句意：这个研究项目是如此设计的，一旦研究开始，没有什么事物能够改变它。once begun＝once the research is begun。本考题也可理解为过去分词作状语，句子的主语the research与begin之间存在被动关系；在过去分词begun前加once，用来突出时间和条件概念。11．Unless________(invite)to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
答案：invited 句意：除非被邀请作大会发言，否则在会议上你应当保持沉默。本题考查条件状语从句的省略，其完整形式为： Unless you are invited，...；本考题也可理解为分词作条件状语，动词invite与句子的主语you之间在逻辑上存在被动关系。
12．—Was it last summer________you luckily got an opportunity to spend your holiday in Hawaii?
— Not me. John was the lucky dog.
答案：that 本题考查了强调句型。被强调的部分是状语last summer。
13．One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and________white.
答案：the other 在并列句中，常省略后面分句中与前面相同的部分。例如：One was filled with petrol, one (was filled) with caster oil and one (was filled) with vinegar.本考题的题干后半部分的完整形式为：the other side should be painted white。14．This problem may lead to more serious ones if________(leave)unsolved.
答案：left 状语从句的完整形式为：This problem may lead to more serious ones if it is left unsolved.在主从复合句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，常将从句的主语和谓语中的be省略。
15．—Who is making so much noise in the garden?
—________ is the children.
答案：It 这是一个强调句，后面省略了that are making so much noise in the garden。Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He held his mother's hand t______when crossing the street.
2．The ice on the lake is not________(坚固的)enough to walk on.
3．I can't swallow anything because my t________is painful.
4．Water itself is________(至关重要的)to the future of the race.
5．His head has been hung over with thick________(绷带)except two eyes.
6．You have added too much________(液体)tothe mixture.
答案：1.tightly 2.firm 3.throat 4.vital 5.bandage 6.liquidⅡ.用本节课所学词或短语的正确形式填空
1．—Do you also think Sally ________ (打翻) the glass of wine deliberately?
—No, I don't think so.
2．If necessary, the details can be ________ (省略)．
3．—Does the house ________ (属于) your grandfather?
—Sure.
4．—What got stuck in his ________ (喉咙)?
—A fish bone.
5．When asked to join us, Carl replied with a polite but ________ (坚定的) “no”．
6．Please change another pair of shoes; the ones are much too ________ (紧的)．
答案：1.knocked over 2.left out 3.belong to 4.throat 5.firm 6.tightⅢ.将下列句子中省略的部分补全
1．He was determined to carry out the plan，whatever the cost.
2．They were scolded whenever late for school.
3．If not well organized, the meeting will be a failure.
4．I asked him to see the film，but he didn't want to.
5．Get up early tomorrow. If not，you will miss the first bus.
6．While in Beijing，I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.
7．The inspector looked round, as if in search of something.
8．—He hasn't finished it yet.—Well, he ought to have.答案：1.He was determined to carry out the plan，whatever the cost was.
2．They were scolded whenever they were late for school.
3．If it is not well organized, the meeting will be a failure.
4．I asked him to see the film，but he didn't want to see it.
5. Get up early tomorrow. If you don't, you will miss the first bus.
6. While I was in Beijing，I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.
7．The inspector looked round，as if he was in search of something.
8．—He hasn't finished it yet.
—Well，he ought to have finished it.Unit 5 Section Ⅲ
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Under the doctor's careful t______，your father is sure to get over it.
2．More than 1,000 students attend the adult________(仪式) in the hall every year.
3．Transferring to another school made a great d________to the shy girl.
4．An a________arrived only eight minutes after they dialed 120.
5．The bank will bring________(压力)to bear on you if you don't pay.
6．The young firemen showed great________(勇气) in face of danger.
7．We should________(应用) this theory to practice.
8．He was ________(给予荣誉) in many ways for his contributions to the country.
答案：1.treatment 2.ceremony 3.difference 4.ambulance
5．pressure 6.bravery 7.apply 8.awarded
Ⅱ.选词填空
put one's hands on，a large number of，be proud of，a good knowledge of，cut off，at present，be involved in，apply...to...
1．Our English teacher has________English.
2．His mother________what he has achieved in study.
3．There are________foreign students in my school.
4．I________my lost wallet at the corner of the street.
5．These tourists were________from outside because of the snowstorm.
6．We are very busy________.
7．We________the negotiation up until the last minute.
8．This is the first time that the doctor has________this treatment________cancer.
答案：1.a good knowledge of 2.is proud of 3.a large number of 4.put my hands on 5.cut off 6.at present 7.were involved in 8.applied；to
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．Was it the cat which broke the window?
________________________________________________________________________
2．She finally put the hands on her lost keys.
________________________________________________________________________
3．I will treat you with lunch.
________________________________________________________________________
4．There is no doubt whether Liu Xiang can win.
________________________________________________________________________
5．What the teacher said applies only with some of them.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：1.which→that 2.the→her 3.with→to 4.whether→that 5.with→to
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．这本书我是有的，可我现在一下子找不着了。
I have the book somewhere but I cannot________ ________ ________ ________it now.
2．他们一到达机场，就有人向他们献了花。
They________ ________ ________flowers on arrival at the airport.
3．这学期有许多男学生有一段时间缺课。
________ ________ ________ ________have been absent some time during the term.
4．正确的做法是直接在伤口处按压。
The right thing would be to________ ________ ________ ________the wound.
5．谢谢你让我觉得自己很重要，让我知道我也可以发挥自己的作用。
Thank you so much for making me feel important and showing me that I could________ ________ ________.
6．你将发现对社会的了解会给你提供更多的自由去建立和实现自己的目标。
You will find that________ ________ ________ ________can give you more freedom in forming and achieving your own personal goals.
7．无论他在什么地方，他都把参加体力劳动作为一种习惯。
Wherever he is，he made it a rule to________ ________ ________physical labour.
8．医生彻夜工作以拯救伤者的生命。
Doctors worked through the night to________ ________ ________ ________the injured man.
9．他为女儿能说四种语言而骄傲。
________ ________ ________ ________his daughter's ability to speak four languages.
10．这个雇员帮了经理的大忙，因而应当受到奖励。
The employee should________ ________ ________his great help to the manager.
答案：1.put my hands on 2.were presented with 3.A number of boys 4.apply direct pressure to 5.make a difference
6．a knowledge of society 7.take part in 8.save the life of 9.He is proud of 10. be honoured for
Ⅴ.完形填空
This morning, as I was getting close to the supermarket, I saw a small__1__gathering around an elderly woman with blood under her face. I stopped and asked if I could__2__ . I told her I was certified(授予证书的)in first aid. Then I__3__someone for a first aid kit(工具箱). But she didn't want help, saying she was fine. But she wasn't fine. I asked her to__4__with me and we__5__about her routine of getting groceries. People brought out ice packs, water and paper towels from the__6__nearby. I put on the gloves from the first aid kit, and cleaned her up a bit, but__7__ I just talked to her and held her hand.
Two__8__happened to be passing by and__9__to help check her out a bit. Finally, after ten minutes the__10__arrived and I talked to the emergency medical team and they__11__.
I was certified in first aid years back, and I got re－certified a month ago, but I never__12__it once. However, I realized being certified isn't__13__about providing the aid. I didn't stop the bleeding. I didn't__14__to examine her. Mostly it was about providing comfort for people in a difficult__15__. The certification gave me the__16__to do that: to kneel on the sidewalk, holding an old woman's hand, and to help make those __17__few minutes just a little bit better.
If you're not certified in first aid, I can't__18__it strongly enough. It takes four hours of your time at your__19__Red Cross. With what you'll__20__， maybe you'll be able to help someone like the old lady one day.
文章大意：：本文通过“我”帮助一个出现事故的老妇人的故事，劝告人们要学习急救知识来帮助那些需要救助的人。其实急救并不是很难学的，我们只需要尽己所能施救，并在他人最困难的时候给予安慰和陪伴即可。
1．A.people B．public
C．traffic D．crowd
答案：D 句意：……我看到一小撮人聚集在一个满脸是血的年迈的老妇人周围。根据上下文可知a small后面只能跟crowd，为习惯用法，意为“一小部分人”。其他词前不能用a。故选D。
2．A.watch out B．look out
C．help out D．make out
答案：C 我停下来问我是否能帮忙。watch out“当心”；look out“注意”；help out“帮忙”；make out“辨认出，理解”。在这里应该是看到有人受伤，“我”主动提出帮忙，故选C。
3．A.paid B．sent
C．applied D．scolded
答案：B 句意：然后我派人去拿急救箱。pay...for“为……付钱”；send...for“派人去取(东西)、派人去请(某人)”；apply for“申请”；scold...for“为……责备……”。根据句意判断，应该是派人去取。故选B。
4．A.stay B．walk
C．accompany D．shop
答案：A 句意：但是她的情况很不好。我请她和我待在一起……。accompany“陪伴，陪同”，后面直接接sb.；根据句意判断是我和病人待在一起。故选A。
5．A.looked B．cared
C．talked D．quarreled
答案：C 句意：我们谈了她日常买杂货的路线。根据句意和本段最后一句中的talked判断是谈论而不是其他活动。故选C。
6．A.hospital B．supermarket
C．station D．office
答案：B 句意：人们从附近的超市拿来冰袋、水和纸巾。根据前面所列举的东西判断应该是从附近的超市里拿来这些东西。故选B。
7．A.mostly B．maybe
C．simply D．extremely
答案：A 我戴上从急救箱里拿出来的手套，然后把她的伤口清理干净，但是主要是握着她的手和她说话。extremely“极其；非常”。根据句意和第三段出现的mostly判断，作者主要的任务是安慰病人。故选A。
8．A.policemen B．volunteers
C．clerks D．doctors
答案：D 句意：两名医生碰巧路过……。根据上下文判断这里只有医生有救死扶伤的职责和能力。故选D。
9．A.refused B．stopped
C．lay D．woke
答案：B 句意：两名医生碰巧路过并停下来帮助给她做检查。根据上下文和“我”一开始的反应判断应该是医生停下来帮助救助伤者。故选B。
10．A.ambulance B．family
C．driver D．officer
答案：A 句意：终于，十分钟后，救护车到了，我向急救医疗队员交代了情况……。根据常识和后面的与急救医疗队相关联的应该是救护车可知选A。
11．A.operated on B．turned up
C．ran away D．took over
答案：D 句意：十分钟后，救护车到了，我向急救医疗队的队员交代了情况，他们接过了急救的任务。operate on“给……做手术”；turn up“出现”；run away“跑开”；take over“接任；接管”。结合语境判断急救队员在了解了情况后进行了专业的治疗。故选D。
12．A.liked B．noticed
C．used D．met
答案：C 句意：数年前我获得了急救资格证书，但是从来不曾用过。结合语境选C。
13．A.necessarily B．possibly
C．hopefully D．commonly
答案：A 句意：然而我认识到有资格证不是说必须要提供必要的医疗帮助。necessarily“必然地”；possibly“很可能地”；hopefully“满怀希望地”；commonly“普遍地”。结合后面的描述判断可知选A。
14．A.want B．teach
C．permit D．try
答案：D 句意：我没有止住流血，也没有给她检查身体。结合语境判断：我不用努力给她做检查，从后面“我”的做法判断选D。
15．A.place B．situation
C．life D．position
答案：B 句意：急救主要是给予处于困境中的人们安慰。结合语境选B。
16．A.harm B．confidence
C．lesson D．wish
答案：B 句意：证书给了我做这件事的信心：跪在人行道上，握着一个老妇人的手……。根据常识和对上下文的理解分析，四个选项只有“信心”最佳，故选B。
17．A.confusing B．moving
C．scary D．friendly
答案：C 句意：……提供帮助使那可怕的几分钟变得稍稍好一些。confusing“令人困惑的”；moving“动人的”scary“可怕的；引起惊恐的”；friendly“友好的”。根据句意可知，需要急救的人短时间内都会处于恐惧之中，故选C。
18．A.recommend B．demand
C．support D．explain
答案：A 句意：如果你还没有急救方面的资格证，我怎么推荐它都不过分。recommend“推荐”。I can't do sth.enough.“我怎么做某事都不过分”，故选A。
19．A.formal B．national
C．local D．private
答案：C 句意：它仅需要你四个小时的时间在你们当地的红十字会参加培训。根据对红十字会的了解和“我”进行的急救措施看，选择“当地的”最合适，说明培训急救知识不需要你花费多长时间和走很远的距离就能做到。故选C。
20．A.recognize B．offer
C．allow D．learn
答案：D 句意：用你将要学到的知识，也许在将来的某一天你就能帮助像老妇人那样的人。获得急救方面的资格证当然需要学习，故选D。
Ⅵ.阅读理解
A schoolgirl saved her father's life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction which stopped his heart.
Izzy, nine, restarted father Colm's heart by stamping (踩) on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.
Izzy's mother, Debbie, immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father, so decided to use CPR.
However, she quickly discovered her arms weren't strong enough, so she stamped on her father's chest instead.
Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions (按压) until the ambulance arrived.
Izzy, who has been given a bravery award by her school, said: “I just kicked him really hard.My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn't strong enough to use hands.I was quite scared.The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse. My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”
“She's a little star，” said Debbie, “I was really upset but Izzy just took over.I just can't believe what she did.I really think all children should be taught first aid.Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up.Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we've got to see an expert.”
Truck driver Colm, 35, suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital, but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day.The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled, preventing him from breathing, his blood pressure dropped suddenly, and his heart stopped for a moment.
He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.
文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道，一个女学生的父亲因严重的过敏反应心脏停止跳动，她用踢踹胸部的方式救了她父亲的命。
1．Izzy kicked her father in the chest ______ .
A．to express her helplessness
B．to practise CPR on him
C．to keep him awake
D．to restart his heart
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Izzy, nine, restarted father Colm's heart by stamping on his chest...可知，伊兹踢她父亲的胸部是为了让她父亲的心脏重新跳动起来，来救父亲的命。
2．What's the right order of the events?
A．③①②④ B．④②③①
C．③④②① D．④③①②
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，伊兹首先学会心脏复苏术，她父亲的心脏停止了，再结合第三段中的Izzy's mother, Debbie, immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father, so decided to use CPR.可知，母亲打999在伊兹踢她父亲的胸部之前。
3．What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about?
A．What Colm suffered.
B．Colm's present condition.
C．What caused Colm's allergy.
D．Symptoms of Colm's allergic reaction.
答案：A 主旨大意题。卡车司机Colm遭受了神秘的过敏反应，在星期六被送往医院，但被送回家后第二天再次发生过敏反应。这次是如此严重，气道肿胀，使他不能呼吸，血压突然下降，心脏暂停跳动。由此可知，本段主要谈论的是Colm遭受了什么。
4．Why does the author write the news?
A．To describe a serious accident.
B．To prove the importance of CPR.
C．To report a 9－year－old girl's brave act.
D．To call people's attention to allergic reaction.
答案：A 目的意图题。本文是一篇新闻报道，首段点明了文章主旨：一个女学生的父亲因严重的过敏反应心脏停止跳动，她用踢踹胸部的方式救了她父亲的命。后面的段落是对此事件的详细说明。
Ⅶ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)。并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不记分。
Last year summer，I went to London for a holiday. I spent just a week there. While I am staying there I visited many places of interests and had lots of friendly talks with all kinds people. I found a very interesting thing there.One of my Chinese friends who have been lived in London told me that many English family don't like to buy new television sets.There are many shops where can lend you TV sets.The shops are often filled by a great many people.There they can borrow a set very easy, and it costs them only a little. Then it can be taken home or used for long.
答案：
Last year summer，I went to London for a holiday. I spent just a week there. While I staying there I visited many places of and had lots of friendly talks with all kinds people. I found a very interesting thing there. One of my Chinese friends who have been in London told me that many English don't like to buy new television sets.There are many shops can lend you TV sets.The shops are often filled a great many people.There they can borrow a set very , and it costs them only a little. Then it can be taken home used for long.
课件84张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5First aidUnit 5Section Ⅲ Using LanguageⅠ.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？
1．根据词汇及汉语写出单词及其拓展形式
(1)________ (adj.)牢固的；紧的；紧密的→tightly (adj.)紧地；牢牢地
(2)________ (adj.)(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的→firmly (adv.)坚固地；稳定地
(3)__________ (n.)典礼；仪式；礼节
(4)________ (n.)勇敢；勇气→brave (adj.)勇敢的tightfirmceremonybravery
(5)treat (vt. & vi.)治疗；对待；款待 (n.)款待；招待→__________ (n.)对待；治疗
(6)________ (vt.)涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 (vi.)申请；请求；使用；有效→__________ (n.)申请→applicant (n.)申请人
(7)________ (n.)压力；挤压；压迫(感)→press (v.)挤，压treatmentapplyapplicationpressure2．根据汉语意义补全短语
(1)prevent...________... 阻止……
(2)a number ________ 若干；许多
(3)put one's hands ________ 找到
(4)________ a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
(5)be ________ fire 着火
(6)be presented ________ 被授予……
(7)be proud ________ 为……感到骄傲
(8)get involved ________ 卷入，介入fromofonmakeonwithofinⅡ.重点句式
1．John ___________ in his room _____ he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。
2．_________________ that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。was studying when There is no doubt Ⅲ.课文理解
阅读文章HEROIC TEENAGER RECEIVES AWARD，回答下列问题。
1．What was John doing when he heard the screaming?
2．What happened to Ann?
3．What saved Ms Slade's life?
4．What first aid did John perform on Ann?
5．What adjectives would you use to describe John's actions? Give at least three.答案：1.He was studying in his room.
2．She had been stabbed repeatedly with a knife. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily. Her hands had almost been cut off.
3．It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life.
4．John dressed her injuries with tea towels and tape, and applied pressure to the wounds to slow the bleeding.
5．Brave, heroic，courageous, quick－thinking, quick－minded, helpful, fearless，selfless，confident，warm－hearted.1.present v.
(1)～sb. with sth.|～sth.(to sb.)把……交给，颁发
The mayor presented a silver cup to the winner.
＝The mayor presented the winner with a silver cup.
市长把银杯授予了获胜者。
(2)～sth.(for sth.)|～sth.(to sb.)提出，提交
The committee is presenting its investigation report next week.
委员会将于下星期提交调查报告。(3)～sth.|～sth./sb./oneself as sth.(以某方式或角度)展现、显示、表示
The company has decided it must present a more modern image.
公司已决定，必须展现出更加现代的形象。
(4)主持播放，主持节目
She used to present a gardening program on TV.
她曾在电视上主持一个园艺节目。
(5)上演，公演，推出
They presented 15 lively songs, dances and ballads.
他们演出了15个生动的歌舞曲艺节目。
(6)～sb.(to sb.)正式介绍，引见
The new ambassador was presented to the president.
新大使被引见给总统。present n．①礼物，赠品
②现在；目前at present＝at the present time目前，现在
adj.现在的；现存的(常作前置定语)
adj.出席的；到场的(不可作前置定语)知识拓展
①I don't need the book at present.
目前我还不需要这本书。
②What's your present address?
你现在的住址在哪里？
③How many people were present at the meeting?
有多少了出席了会议？活学活用
(1)翻译句子
Since there is no time like the present, he thought it was time to present the present to his parents.
______________________________________________
答案：既然机不可失，时不再来，他认为是到了向父母赠送礼物的时候了。
(2)用恰当形式填空
When are the committee________(present)their report? We are waiting for it.
答案：presenting2．ceremony n.
(1)[C]典礼，仪式
①What the old headmaster said at the graduation ceremony dwells in my mind.
老校长在毕业典礼上讲的话一直回响在我的脑海里。
②The wedding ceremony took place/was held on April fifteenth.
婚礼在四月十五日举行。(2)[U]礼节，礼仪；客套
①There's no need for ceremony between friends.
朋友之间不必拘礼。
②The Queen was crowned with much ceremony.
女王加冕礼仪很隆重。
活学活用
补全句子
He was awarded ________ ________ ________(在一个典礼上)．
答案：at a ceremony3．bravery n. [U]勇敢
①His bravery should be an example to all of us.
他的勇敢应作为我们大家学习的榜样。
②He faced up to the fact that he would never walk again with remarkable bravery.
他非常勇敢地接受了他再也不能走路的现实。比较网站
bravery，courage①He was awarded a medal for his bravery in the battle.
他因为在战斗中的勇敢表现被授予一枚奖章。
②She didn't have the courage to refuse.
她没有勇气拒绝。活学活用
补全句子
这个年轻人真勇敢，上周他帮助警察捉住了一个小偷。
The young man was ________ ________ ________he helped the police catch the thief last week.
答案：so brave that4．treat
1)vt.
(1)以……方式/态度对待(treat sb./sth. with/as/like sth.)
Treat your keyboard with care and it should last for years.
小心使用你的键盘，这样就可以使用很多年。
(2)把……看作/视为(treat sth. as sth.)
I decided to treat his remark as a joke.
我决定把他的话当作戏言。(3)医治，治疗
The condition is usually treated with drugs and a strict diet.
这种病情通常用药物和严格控制饮食进行治疗。
(4)招待，款待，请(客)(treat sb. to sth.)
I'm going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes.
我打算给自己买双新鞋。
2)n. 乐事，乐趣，款待
①We took the kids to the zoo as a special treat.
作为特别的消遣，我们带孩子们到动物园去。
②It's my treat.
我请客。treat sb. like/as...把某人看成……
be badly/well treated受到坏/好的对待
treat sb. with respect尊敬某人
treat sb. to sth.款待；招待知识拓展比较网站
cure，treat
The doctor treated his headache with a new drug but didn't cure him.
医生用一种新药给他治头痛，但没有治愈。活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
Yesterday I went to Mrs.Smith's house，where I________(treat)as a good friend of theirs.
答案：was treated 句意：昨天，我去了史密斯夫人家，他们把我当作一位好朋友。考查动词时态和语态。treat...as...把……当作……，此处用被动语态；根据yesterday可知用一般过去时态。(2)补全句子
—Let's go Dutch for this supper，OK?
我们AA制结了这顿晚饭吧，好吗？
—No，________ ________ ________this time as a reward for all your help.
不，作为对你所有帮助的回报，这次我请客。
答案：it's my treat5．apply
1)vt.
(1)涂，敷，搽
Apply the cream evenly over the skin.
将雪花膏均匀地抹在皮肤表面。
(2)应用，运用
The teacher is trying to apply the theory to his teaching.
这位老师正在努力把这一理论应用于教学。2)vi.
(1)申请，请求
I come here today to apply for the job.
我今天来这儿就是要申请这份工作。
(2)适用，有效
The school rules apply to us all.
校规适用于我们所有的人。(1)常用短语：apply to sb. for sth.因……向某人申请
apply sth. to sth.把……涂/擦/擦到……上；运用/应用某事物
be applied to适用于；应用于
apply for申请，请求，接洽
apply to适用，关系到，牵涉到
(2)派生词：applicant n．申请人
applied adj.应用的；实用的
application n．申请；应用
make an application to sb. for sth.因……向某人申请/请求知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当介词填空
The official________whom we applied________a permit was most warm－hearted.
答案：to；for 句意：我们向他申请许可证的那位官员非常热心。apply to...for...是“向……申请……”之意。
(2)补全句子
现在，很多新技术能被用来解决工业中的问题。
Now a lot of new technologies can________ ________ ________ ________problems in industry.
答案：be applied to solving6．pressure n.
(1)[U]压力；挤压
The small box was flattened by the pressure of the heavy book on it.
小盒子被这本厚厚的书压扁了。
(2)[U& C]压力；压强
The water pressure may need adjusting.
水压可能需要调整。 (3)[U]大气压
A band of low pressure is moving across the country.
一个低压带正横越该国。
(4)[U]～(for sth.)|～(on sb.)(to do sth.)催促，要求，呼吁，强迫
The pressure for change continued to mount.
改革的呼声持续高涨。
(5)[U] & [pl.]心理压力，紧张
She left home to escape the pressure to conform to her family's way of life.
她离家出走以求摆脱她家的生活方式对她的束缚。put/bring pressure on/upon向……施加压力
put pressure on sb. (to do sth.)强迫；促使；劝说某人(做某事)
under pressure被迫；迫不得已；在压力下
under the pressure of在……逼迫下，在……的压力下
at high/low pressure在高/低压下
give in to pressure屈服于压力知识拓展①The boos will bring pressure to bear on you if you don't work hard.
你要是不努力工作，老板就对你施加压力。
②Advertisements put pressure on girls to be thin.
广告迫使女孩子竞相瘦身。
③The team performs well under pressure.
这个队在压力下表现良好。活学活用
用恰当形式填空
Life is tough in the city. In order to lose their ________(press), some people drink alcohol.
答案：pressure 句意：在城市里生活很艰辛。一些人为了消除压力而喝酒。pressure“压力”是life is tough的体现，也是drink alcohol的原因，符合题意。1.cut off
(1)切去，割掉，砍掉，剪掉
Don't cut your fingers off!
小心别切断手指头！
(2)阻碍，阻挡，堵塞
This fence cuts off our view of the sea.
篱笆挡住了我们观望大海的视线。(3)停止，中断供应
If you don't pay your gas bill soon you may be cut off.
你若不立即付清煤气费，就要停止向你供气。
(4)切断……的去路或来路，使……与外界隔绝
She felt very cut off living in the country.
她住在乡间感到很闭塞。cut down砍倒；缩减，削减
cut in插嘴，突然插入
cut out割掉，切掉，删掉
cut through抄近路穿过；凿穿；剪断
cut up切碎
cut into pieces切成碎片
cut short使停止，打断；截短，缩减
cut away砍去，割掉知识拓展活学活用
用cut短语填空
(1)My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ________.
答案：cut down 考查动词短语语境运用。句意：我叔叔没能戒烟，但至少他减少了用量。cut down“削减，减少；砍倒”，符合题意。
(2)I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson________.
答案：cut in 句意：我和玛格丽特交谈时，杰克逊突然插嘴，打断了我们的谈话。cut in(on sb./sth.)表示“插嘴”。2．a number of 许多，大量
①A number of old people have been dancing on the square.
很多老年人一直在广场上跳舞。
②There were a large number of people at the football match.
有很多人看足球比赛。
③Numbers of people visited the fair.
许多人参加了商品展销会。比较网站
a number of，the number ofYesterday a number of babies were born in this hospital, while the number of boy babies was twenty－five.
昨天有许多婴儿在这家医院出生，而男婴有二十五个。
知识拓展
常用来修饰名词的短语有：
(1)修饰可数名词的短语有：
a great/good many
a large/great/good number of
a good few/quite a few
many a(2)修饰不可数名词的短语有：
a great/good deal of
a great/large amount of
quite a little
(3)既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的短语有：
a lot of/lots of
a great/large quantity of
large quantities of
plenty of活学活用
(1)选择适当的短语填空
①____________ graduates is increasing these years.
②____________ food were needed in the flooded area.
③She has earned ____________ money in the last few weeks.
④The singers were chosen from ____________ participants.
答案：①The number of ②Quantities of ③an amount of/quantities of ④a number of(2)用恰当形式填空
The number of people who ________ (be)invited to the meeting ________ (be) fifty，but a number of them ________ (be) absent for different reasons.
答案：were；was；were 句意：被邀请参加会议的人数为50，但是很多人因为各种原因而缺席了。考查主谓一致。who引导定语从句，代指people，故be动词用复数形式。the number of...为主语时，谓语动词为单数形式，a number of...作为主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。根据语境可知本句应该为过去时态。
3．put one's hands on找到
①He can not put his hands on his English book.
他找不到他的英语课本。
②I will bring some tapes if I can put my hands on them.
如果能找到的话，我会带几盒录音带过来。at hand在手边，在附近
by hand用手工
from hand to hand传递
hand in hand手拉手，共同地
on (the) one hand, on the other hand一方面，另一方面
in hand在手里，可供使用；在控制之下知识拓展①There are shops and buses at hand.
附近就有商店和公共汽车。
②The children went on an outing hand in hand by twos and threes.
孩子们三三两两地拉着手去郊游。活学活用
用恰当介词填空
I know their address is here somewhere, but I can not put my hands ________ it right now.
答案：on 句意：我知道他们的地址就放在这儿，但是我一时找不到。put one's hands on为固定短语，意为“找到”。4．make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
①It isn't what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.
重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。
②Changing schools made a big difference to my life.
转学对我的一生有重大影响。①It makes no difference whether you go today or tomorrow.
你今天或明天去，关系不大。
②The rain didn't make much difference to the game.
这场雨对比赛没多大影响。make no difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧
make some difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物有些作用或影响
make all the difference关系重大；大不相同
make a difference between区别对待知识拓展活学活用
(1)用恰当形式填空
—Why don't you try to do exercise to lose weight?
—I have tried everything but it has made no ________ (different)．
答案：difference 句意：——你为什么不通过锻炼来减肥？——我什么方法都试过了，但是不起作用。考查名词。make no difference意为“不起作用；没有效果”，符合语境。(2)补全句子
每个人都偶尔失败。在生活中你作出什么反应起重要作用。
Everyone fails now and then.It is how you react that________ ________ ________in life.
答案：makes a difference1.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。
本句中用了be doing sth. when...“正在做某事，就在这时……”。when在此作并列连词用，意为“就在这时”，相当于and at this time。
We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.
我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。知识拓展be about to do... when...正打算做……这时……
be just going to do... when...正要做……这时……
had just done...when...刚做了……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……①We had just finished the operation when the machine had a breakdown.
我们刚完成那个手术机器就坏了。
②The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the lady's handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.
小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。
③He was just about to say something when Helen turned around.
他正想要说些什么，这时海伦转过身来。活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away________my daughter heard cries for help.
答案：when 句意：一个周五，我们正在打包要出去度周末，就在那时我女儿听到有人求救的声音。本题考查“...be doing...when...”这一句型结构，意为“正在做……这时……”。在本结构中，when是并列连词，相当于and at that time。
(2)I was about to give up________I came up with a good idea.
答案：when2．It was John's quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slade's life.
正是约翰的快捷动作及急救知识挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
本句为强调句型，强调了主语John's quick action and knowledge of first aid。
(1)强调句型结构是：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that从句，如果强调的是人，既可用that引导，也可用who引导。
(2)被强调的部分若是原句的主语，who/that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上与主语保持一致。
(3)疑问句形式的强调句型为Is/Was it...that...？若被强调的是特殊疑问句(what为例)，则为What is/was it that...?
(4)辨别是否为强调句型的一个简单方法：省去it is/was及that，若句子仍然成立，则原句为强调句型，否则不是。
活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)(2015·湖南卷改编)It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
答案：that 句意：正是在我回家的时候我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。此句是It was...开头且去掉It was，When we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一个完整意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when we were returning home；强调句常用句型：It is (was) ＋被强调部分＋that(who)．.. 。故填that。
(2)(2014·福建卷改编)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.
答案：that 考查强调句。根据还原法，去掉it was 和空格，剩余部分结构完整，由此可知，空格处应填that。句意：是文化而不是语言使得他很难适应国外的环境。
(3)Was it because Jack came late for school________Mr.Smith got angry?
答案：that Smith先生生气是因为Jack上学迟到吗？It is/was...that..是强调句型，故填that。本题强调的是原因状语从句。还原为普通句式为：Mr.Smith got angry because Jack came late for school.3．There is no doubt that John's quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade's life.
毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
(1)整个句子是一个典型的复合句，that引导同位语从句。同位语从句大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在hope, fact, news, opinion等名词之后，在逻辑上属于同位关系。
We were delighted at the news that our school had won in the competition.
当听到我校赢得比赛的消息时，我们欣喜若狂。
(2)There is no doubt that...是个固定句式，意思是“毫无疑问……”， doubt在此作名词，此外还可以作动词，意为“拿不准，疑虑”。
①There is no doubt that he is honest.
毫无疑问他是诚实的。
②He doubted whether the answer was right.
他拿不准答案是否正确。活学活用
用恰当词语填空
(1)—Do you doubt________she has passed the examination?
—I am not doubtful at all________she has passed all the examinations.
答案：that ；that 句意：——你确信她已经通过考试了吗？——我肯定她已经通过了所有的考试。考查连接词。本题中doubt为动词，第一个设空处引导宾语从句，且所在句为疑问句，故用that。I am not doubtful that...我肯定……。(2)(2014·重庆卷改编)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.
答案：why 考查同位语从句。句意：——麦克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，是真的吗？——是的，但是我不清楚他为什么这么做，耶鲁大学是他喜欢的大学之一。why引导的从句作idea的同位语，由句意可知表示原因，故填why。写作指导如何写程序说明文程序说明文是说明文的重要形式之一，它主要用来告诉读者某种事物的演变过程，某一物品的制作过程或某一事情的实施过程。
要写好一篇程序说明文，准确地传达想要传达的信息，在写作中要注意以下几点：
1．优化文章的结构。可采用“总—分”、“总—分—总”等结构以使文章层次分明、有条理。2．准确把握事物发展或物品制作中的每一个进程、每一道工序，做到不颠倒、不跳跃、不遗漏。
3．选择合理的写作顺序：顺序说明文通常以程序或时间先后为写作顺序。
4．文章安排要详略得当：完成一件事情需要许多步骤，但其中一定有一个或几个关键步骤。我们应该对关键的步骤详写，其余的可以略写。
5．语言表达要准确、规范：程序说明文经常会用到许多专业性较强的词汇。在写作时要了解其实际含义并使用恰当的语言进行表达。常用结构
1．Today, the topic is...
2．When you find/see....what should you do?
3．First, you can...
4．In addition/Then/Next/Also/At the same time，youmust/should...
5．Last but not least, you'd better...
6．More importantly, you should...
7．The last but most important step is...
8．In a word, as long as you... you can...实战演练
在日常生活中，学习一些急救知识，对一个人来说很重要。写一篇关于急救的文章，介绍交通事故方面的急救方法。
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________参考范文：
First aid for traffic accidents
If we happen to witness a traffic accident, what should we do to save other people's lives? Knowing how to respond properly can make a big difference. Here are some rules that we can follow.
First, we should stay calm. Next, we can ask simple questions such as “Are you OK？” to make the person's condition clear. Then, we need to check the person's breathing. If it is difficult for him to breathe, we should try to start his breathing right away with the mouth－to－mouth method.
Also, if a person is bleeding, we need to stop the bleeding by pressing on the wound with a clean cloth.
With all the above done, we can stay with the person until the police and the ambulance arrive.Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．You should________(对待) them with more consideration.
2．________(涂) the suntan cream to exposed areas of your body every three hours.
3．A doctor and a nurse are handing my father from the________(救护车)．
4．Today's award c________took place at the British Embassy in Tokyo.
5．He deserves the highest praise for his b________.
答案：1.treat 2.Apply 3.ambulance 4.ceremony 5.braveryⅡ.补全句子
1．有许多世界名画在本次展览会上展出。
________ ________ ________world－famous paintings are on show in this exhibition.
2．我请你好好吃一顿。
Let me________you________a good meal.
3．你怎么能把她看得一文不值呢？
How could you________her________a piece of dirt?4．申请工作你必须要填写一张申请表。
To________ ________a job，you must fill in an application form.
5．他的缺席会影响你的工作吗？
Does his absence________ ________ ________to your work?
答案：1.Anumber of 2.treat；to 3.treat；like/as 4.apply for 5.make a differenceⅢ.用方框内短语的正确形式填空
1．I remember I put my key here, but I can't ______ it right now.
2．It won't ________ whether you agree or not.
3．In the earthquake ________ houses and bridges were destroyed and more than 500 people died.
4．When I reach my goal weight I ________ myself.
5．If onewants knowledge of science, one must ________ scientific experiments oneself.
答案：1.put my hands on 2.make a difference 3.a number of 4.will be proud of 5.take part in课件11张PPT。成才之路 · 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索人教版 · 必修5First aidUnit 5Ammie Reddick from East Kilbride, Lanarkshire, was only 18 months old when she had the accident that had scarred(留下创伤)her for life. The curious child reached up to grab the wire of a hot kettle in the family kitchen and poured boiling water over her tiny infant frame.Her mother Ruby turned round and, seeing Ammie horribly burnt, called an ambulance which rushed her daughter to a nearby hospital. Twenty percent of Ammie's body had been burned and all of her burns were third－degree. There, using tissue taken from unburned areas of Ammie's body, doctors performed complex skin transplants to close her wounds and control her injuries, an operation that took about six hours. Over the next 16 years, Ammie underwent 12 more operations to repair her body.When she started school at Maxwelton Primary at age 4, other pupils made cruel comments or simply wouldn't play with her. “I was the only burned child in the street, the class and the school，” she recalled，“some children refused to become friends because of that.”
Today, aged 17, Ammie can only ever remember being a burned person with scars; pain is a permanent part of her body. She still has to have two further skin transplants. Yet she is a confident, outgoing teenager who offers inspiration and hope to other young burns victims.She is a member of the Scottish Burned Children's Club, a charity set up last year. This month, Ammie will be joining the younger children at the Graffham Water Center in Cambridgeshire for the charity's first summer camp.“I'll show them how to get rid of unkind stares from others，”she says. Ammieloveswearing fashionable sleeveless tops，and she plans to show the youngsters at the summer camp that they can too.“I do not go to great lengths to hide my burns scars，” she says，“I gave up wondering how other people would react years ago.”
文章大意：Ammie Reddick严重烫伤，先后动了十几次手术，在伤痛、冷眼面前她依然自信，对未来充满希望。1．What did other children do when Ammie first went to school?
A．They were friendly to her.
B．They showed sympathy to her.
C．They were afraid of her.
D．They looked down upon her.
答案：D 细节理解题。从文章第三段中“other pupils made cruel comments or simply wouldn't play with her”，可知其他同学不是对她冷嘲热讽，就是不愿意跟她一起玩，故选D。2．Ammie will teach the younger children at the Graffham Water Center to________.
A. face others' unkindness bravely
B． hide their scars by proper dressing
C. live a normal life
D. recover quickly
答案：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘I'll show them how to get rid of unkind stares from others’”得知Ammie将会教他们怎么勇敢地面对别人那些不友好的注视，故选A。3．Which of the following words can't properly describe Ammie?
A．Courageous. B．Confident.
C．Sensitive. D．Outgoing.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章可知看出Ammie是一个有勇气、自信、乐观的女孩，故sensitive“敏感的”，不能描述她的性格。4．What can be the best title of the passage?
A．A Seriously Burned Girl Survives
B．Ways to Get Rid of Unkind Stares
C．Permanent Scars And Pain for a Girl
D．A Seriously Burned Angel of Hope
答案：D 主旨大意题。纵观全文，不难看出本文主要讲述了一个被烧伤的女孩身残志坚的励志故事，故选D。Unit 5 综合测试题
时间：120分钟，满分：150分
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man mean?
A．His bike has been lent to someone else.
B．The woman can use his bike today.
C．The woman can use his bike as long as she likes.
2．How long does the match last?
A．For one hour.
B．For an hour and a half.
C．For one hour and forty－five minutes.
3．What does the woman mean?
A．People in her country have a lot in common with the French.
B．People in her country don't put the bread on the table.
C．People in her country don't often eat bread.
4．What's the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A．Teacher and student.
B．Doctor and patient.
C．Mother and son.
5．What's the weather like today?
A．Cold. B．Cool.
C．Hot.
第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What's wrong with the woman?
A．Her throat aches.
B．Her head aches.
C．She has got a fever.
7．Who is Lin Fang?
A．The woman's classmate.
B．The woman's roommate.
C．The woman's student.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What did the man do during the vacation?
A．He went camping in California.
B．He visited his classmates in California.
C．He worked in California.
9．Who are the two young men in that picture?
A．Teachers.
B．Travelers.
C．The man's old friends.
10．How did the man feel when he was in California?
A．Cold. B．Warm.
C．Hot.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Where are the two speakers now?
A．On the street.
B．In front of a computer.
C．In a store.
12．What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
A．She has never shopped on the Internet before.
B．She doesn't think it's a good idea to shop on the Internet.
C．She also wants to buy a pair of new shoes.
13．What will the man do next?
A．Go out with the woman.
B．Show the woman how to shop on the Internet.
C．Buy some other things on the Internet.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．Where is the man's brother now?
A．In New York.
B．In California.
C．In Washington.
15．Why hasn't the woman seen the man recently?
A．Because the man was not in the city.
B．Because the woman went traveling.
C．Because they were too busy.
16．What will the man do in the summer?
A．Travel abroad.
B．Travel with his brother.
C．Go to visit his brother.
17．What does the man think of camping at first?
A．He thinks he can camp anywhere he likes.
B．He thinks camping is very expensive.
C．He thinks it's convenient to camp at the camp ground.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What's the first step in making a new shoe?
A．Testing several pairs.
B．Designing a shoe model.
C．Entering a design plan into a computer.
19．According to the passage, what do all sport shoes have in common?
A．They are all very expensive.
B．They are all made to help people save energy when playing sports.
C．They are all designed to help people's feet feel comfortable when playing sports.
20．Which sport is NOT mentioned by the speaker?
A．Marathon.
B．Basketball.
C．Tennis.
答案：1－5 BBBAC 6－10 ABABC 11－15 BABCA 16－20 BACCB
听力原文
Text 1
W：Could I borrow your bike, Kevin?
M：Of course you can, Sally, but it should be returned by this evening.
Text 2
W：Does the match start at 6：00 or 6：15?
M：It starts at 6：30 and ends at 8：00.
Text 3
M：In France，you should put your bread on the table instead of on your plate.
W：That's different from our customs here.
Text 4
W：Jack, why didn't you finish your homework?
M：Sorry，Mrs Black. I was ill last night. I didn't feel like doing anything.
W：Did you go to see a doctor?
M：No. My mother gave me some pills.
Text 5
W：It's burning hot. My back is wet. I don't feel like walking any longer.
M：Do you want to take a taxi?
W：I'd like to, but we don't have much money left.How about taking a bus?
M：OK. There is a bus stop over there.
Text 6
W：My throat is burning. I feel terrible.
M：What did you eat at noon?
W：Some very spicy food. Lin Fang's mother came to visit her from China. She cooked some traditional Chinese food.
M：Did you eat with them?
W：Yes. Lin Fang and I live in the same room. They invited me to have lunch. I had never eaten such hot food before.
M：I'm afraid you should go and see a doctor.
Text 7
W：When did you take the pictures?
M：I went camping with my classmates during the vacation. I took the pictures with them when we were in California.
W：Are these two young men also your classmates?
M：Let me have a look.Oh，no. They were travelers.
W：Why did you want to take pictures with them?
M：We spent time together one night. We had a good time that night. So the next day when they were leaving, they decided to take a picture with me.
W：You must have had a good time.
M：Sure. But it was too hot.
Text 8
W：What are you doing here?
M：I'm buying a pair of shoes.
W：On the computer?
M：Yeah，I like shopping on the Internet.
W：Oh, yeah?
M：Sure! Internet shopping is great because it's easy to compare prices. You can save a lot of money.As a matter of fact, I started shopping on the Internet two years ago. I bought my sunglasses, trousers, T－shirts ，books and many other things on the Internet.
W：It seems you can buy anything you want on the Internet.
M：Yeah. almost. And it's a lot easier than shopping in the stores. You don't have to leave your home.They will send the goods to you.
W：That's really convenient. I should have a try, too.
M：Yeah，It's very easy. I'll show you.
Text 9
W：Hi ，John. I haven't seen you for a few weeks.
M：Oh, hi, Mary. I have been in New York. I just came back to California the other day.
W：Are you leaving soon?
M：No. My brother is coming from Washington for a visit this summer. So I will stay here before he comes.
W：Do you have any plans?
M：We'd like to enjoy the scenery in the country. But traveling is so expensive.
W：Have you thought about camping? I think you'd really like it.
M：What a good idea! We can drive until we find a nice spot and camp wherever we like.
W：Well, not exactly. You cannot camp wherever you like. You can just camp at a camp ground.
M：But that takes all the fun out of it.
W：Not really. Besides, you'll find it easier and more convenient to live at a camp ground because you can take a shower or buy some food there. It's a good way to make new friends, too.
M：Sounds great! I have to go now. I'll talk to you about this again tomorrow.
Text 10
When you run, you put force that is equal to putting three times your body weight on your feet. The human foot contains twenty muscles. This means that they can be injured when you run.
Most sports have some kind of running or jumping, so experts at many shoe companies work hard to design good sports shoes. First, a designer enters a plan for a shoe into a computer. Engineers then improve upon the design. Second, a computer designs a model for the shoe. Then a few pairs are made.
Different kinds of sport shoes are made for different uses. Some are made to help marathon runners to save energy during a race. Some are made for the stop－and－go moves of tennis players. But all sport shoes help people's feet feel comfortable during sports. Today, nearly every sport has its own special shoes designed for just the kind of running that sport requires.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Electric Shocks Can Be Fatal
Government statistics recently showed that in the UK, more than 3 000 people a year experience electric shocks in their home. A smaller number of people are killed after they contact with power lines outside the home. Electric shocks can cause a person's heart or breathing to stop, can also cause burns and are potentially fatal. It is essential for people to learn basic first aid techniques to deal with such emergencies.
What to do?
●If you are the first person to reach someone who has had an electric shock, don't touch him/her!
●If they are still holding the appliance (家用电器) that has given them shock (e.g. a hair dryer), unplug it or turn off the power at its source. Under no circumstances will you try to move the appliance with your hand!
●If you can't turn off the power, use a piece of wood, like a broom handle or a chair, to separate the victim from the appliance or the power source. You may even be able to do this with a folded newspaper.
●The victim must remain lying down. If they are unconscious, victims should be placed on their side. But they should not be moved if there is a possibility of neck or spine injuries unless it is absolutely necessary.
●It is essential to maintain the victim's body heat, so make sure you cover him or her with a blanket before you do anything else.If the victim is not breathing, apply mouth－to－mouth resuscitation (人工呼吸)．Keep the victim's head low until professional help arrives.
●If the electric shock has been caused by an external power line, the dangers to the victim and to anybody providing first aid are much greater.
21．What kind of passage is it?
A．An advertisement.
B．A horror story.
C．A news report.
D．First aid emergency advice.
答案：D 通读全文可知，文章用大量篇幅向读者介绍对触电的人该如何进行急救，故这是一篇有关急救建议的文章。
22．The underlined sentence “Under no circumstances will you try to move the appliance with your hand！” implies that ________.
A．you should move the appliance that caused it
B．you should pick up the appliance and turn off the electricity
C．it is very dangerous to touch the appliance with your hands
D．it is unnecessary to unplug the appliance with your hands
答案：C 该句将否定词no提前，构成了倒装语序，意为“任何情况下都不要用手将家用电器移开”，可见用手触碰触电者所持的家用电器是很危险的，故选C项。
23．When a person has got an electric shock, you should ________.
A．separate the victim from the appliance and let him sit up
B．keep the victim warm and help him breathe again
C．move the victim onto his side if he has got neck injuries
D．keep the victim's head high until professional help arrives
答案：B 由倒数第二段可知，要保持触电者的体温，同时要帮助他恢复呼吸，故选B项。由倒数第三段首句可知，应使触电者躺下而不是坐起来，排除A项；由倒数第三段末句可知，若触电者颈部受伤了，不应挪动他，排除C项；由倒数第二段末句可知，应将触电者的头部放低而不是抬高，排除D项。
B
Being the youngest child has advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, babies are spoiled and often get away with behavior that other family members can't. On the other hand, many youngest children feel that they never quite measure up to their more experienced and successful siblings(兄弟姐妹). To borrow a phrase from a famous comedian，they get no respect.
Some parents look on their youngest child as their last chance to do everything right, so the youngest may feel great performance pressure，similar to a firstborn. Other parents will never allow their last child to be unhappy, ever. In most families，however，the parent shave more experience and are more likely to give them more freedom on such is sues as developmental milestones, toilet training，dating，and so on. They are more confident that things will work out for the best, and their relationship with their lastborn is less intense than that with the older children.
Having some distance in their relationship with their parents can give the lastborn freedom to explore new ideas and new places, but if it is too great, the youngest children may feel disconnected，as though they don't belong to the family.
Since lastborns are seldom the strongest or most capable during childhood, they often carve out a place for themselves by being clever and charming. Within the family, they know how to get along well with their siblings. They may become peacekeepers, but they're also able to cause much trouble when it serves their purposes. Playing the “baby card” also allows them to avoid punishment for wrongdoing, for example, breaking a sibling's toy.
Only with such a full understanding can you，as a parent, help your “baby” develop into a fully grown－up person.
文章大意：文章主要讲的是家庭教育的问题。作为一个家庭里最小的孩子有利也有弊。一方面，他们被父母宠爱着；另一方面，他们觉得自己做得没有哥哥姐姐好。
24．What may dissatisfy the youngest child in the family?
A．Being given too much pressure by the parents.
B．Being looked down upon by the other family members.
C．Not getting along well with their siblings.
D．Feeling that they fail to do as well as their siblings.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段“...many youngest children feel that they never quite measure up to their more experienced and successful siblings”可知，家里最小的孩子会觉得自己表现得没有哥哥姐姐好，故选D。
25．In most families, the youngest child________.
A. is expected to realize their parents' unfinished dreams
B．lives a life of less pressure from their parents
C．is often ignored and forgotten by their parents
D．doesn't like to get close to his/her parents
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段：“In most families，however，the parent shave more experience and are more likely to give them more freedom on such is sues as...”可知，在大多数家庭，父母给他们最小的孩子更多的自由，故选B。
26．Which of the following characteristics may NOT appear in the lastborn during their childhood?
A．Strong－minded.
B．Attractive.
C．Sociable.
D．Troublesome.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第四段“Since lastborns are seldom the strongest or most capable during childhood, they often carve out a place for themselves by being clever and charming. Within the family，they know how to get along well with their siblings...but they're also able to cause much trouble”可知，家里最小的孩子在孩童时期很少是最强大的，他们总是伺机展示他们的聪明和魅力，他们有着很好的社交能力，与兄弟姐妹相处融洽；但是他们也会制造麻烦，因此B、C、D三项不符合题意，故选A。
27．By talking about the characteristics of the youngest child, this passage________.
A．gives parents some help in bringing up the youngest child
B．reminds parents to give the youngest child extra care
C．shows it is hard for the youngest child to succeed
D．calls on parents to treat the youngest child fairly
答案：A 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Only with such a full understanding can you，as a parent, help your ‘baby’ develop into a fully grown－up person.”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是帮助父母了解自己最小的孩子，从而能够正确地引导孩子的成长。故选A。
C
When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines, Iowa, he told me about the only time he had been there. It was in the 1930s, when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University(SMU)in Dallas, Texas. He also worked as a professor at SMU, and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease. She couldn't afford the operation because her family was poor.
Her mother ran a boardinghouse in Galveston, a seaside town near Houston, Texas. She was cleaning out the attic(阁楼)one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript(手稿). On its top page were the words, “By O. Henry”. It was a nice story, and she sent it to her daughter at SMU, who showed it to my father. My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O. Henry had once lived in Houston. So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident. My father visited an O. Henry expert at Columbia University in New York, who authenticated the story as O. Henry's.
My father then set out to sell it. Eventually, he found himself in Des Moines, meeting with Gardner Cowles, a top editor at the Des Moines Register. Cowles loves the story and bought it on the spot. My father took the money to the girl. It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed.
My father never told me what the O. Henry story was about. But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story.
文章大意：本文为记叙文。讲述父亲的一个学生偶然获得欧亨利的手稿，父亲几经努力帮助她卖掉，为学生筹集来动手术的费用。
28．Who found the O. Henry's manuscript?
A．The girl's mother.
B．The author's father.
C．The girl.
D．The author.
答案： A 细节理解题。由第二段中第二句找到答案出处“She was cleaning out the attic one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript”，可知女孩的母亲在打扫阁楼时偶然发现了这份手稿。
29．Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic?
A．O. Henry once worked in Houston.
B．O. Henry once stayed in Galveston.
C．O. Henry once moved to Des Moines.
D．O. Henry once taught at SMU.
答案：B 细节理解题。由第二段 So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boardinghouse，可知这位作家在Galveston居住过。
30．The underlined word “authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A．named B．treated
C．proved D．described
答案：C 词义猜测题。根据上下文语意，可知作者父亲在大学找到欧亨利研究专家，那位专家帮父亲确认手稿是欧亨利本人的，所以答案应为prove证明。name命名；treat对待；describe描述。
31．According to the text, why did the author's father go to Des Moines?
A．To sell the O. Henry story.
B．To meet the author himself.
C．To talk with the O. Henry expert.
D．To give money to the girl.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据题目关键词可定位到文章第三段第一、二句话My father then set out to sell it. Eventually, he found himself in Des Moines可知答案为A。
D
(2015·福建)
Food festivals around the world
Stilton Cheese Rolling
May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include these rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four，dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50－metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors' lane. Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors are served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese.
Fiery Foods Festival—The Hottest Festival on Earth
Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction—food that is not just spicy，but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Eood and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three days every March. You might like to try a chocolate－covered habanero pepper—officially the hottest pepper in the world－or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing's for sure—if you don't like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn't for you!
La Tomatina—The World's Biggest Food Fight
On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts La Tomatina—the world's largest food fight. A week－long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week's events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes—official fight－starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd.
The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again—and for a much－needed wash!
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，分别讲述了英国、新墨西哥以及巴西的几个关于食物的传统节日。
32．In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must ________.
A．wear various formal clothes
B．roll a wooden cheese in their own lane
C．kick or throw their cheese
D．use a real cheese weighing about four kilos
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句Teams of four，dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50－metre course.可以知道，四个队伍，穿着滑稽搞笑的服装，在50米的路程中卷一个完整的奶酪。以及后面倒数第二句括号里面的内容，but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones，这个奶酪是木头的。故选B。
33．Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held?
A．In New Mexico. B．In the Caribbean.
C．In Australia. D．In China.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico.可以知道这是在新墨西哥发生的事情，从段落中第三句Their destination is the Fiery Eood and BBQ Festival可以知道人们到新墨西哥是为了参加Fiery food festival。故选A。
34．The celebration of La Tomatina lasts ________.
A．three days B．seven days
C．less than three days D．more than seven days
答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句A week－long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week's events.可以知道，西红柿大战这个西班牙的节日的持续时间是一周，故选B。
35．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.
B．More than 10,000 Chinese take part in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
C．Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.
D．An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第二个破折号后面的文字or any one of the thousands of products that are on show.可以知道你可以任意品尝展出的上千种的食物。故选C。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
__36__Some people express anger openly in a calm and reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They cannot or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙). They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. __37__
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
__38__ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “__39__ Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. __40__
A．They say that laughter is much healthier than anger.
B．Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it.
C．Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.
D．Anger may cause you a cancer.
E．Do not express your anger while angry.
F．Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.
G．In general the person feels excited and ready to act.
答案：36.F 根据关键词express anger及本段的段落大意可知。
37. G 本句就是“They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood，ect”的结果，符合上下文逻辑顺序。
38．C 本句位于句首，一般是对下文的总结，因为下文讲的是如何处理anger的问题，故选C，关键词是solution。
39．E 关键词是：do not express和下文中的until your anger has cooled down。
40．A 关键词是上文中的humor和选项中的laughter。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节；满分45分)
第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)，选出最佳选项。
An old man was busy picking fish from the shore and throwing them back into the sea. A young man __41__this and said，“For the past two hours you are throwing__42__into the sea. But there are so many around. Are you sure you can __43__make a difference to all of them？”
The old man smiled, __44__ yet another fish, threw it into the sea and said，“I have made some effect on this fish.”
__45__encourage yourself and encourage others. Let this be your lifelong __46__and important duty. Firmly believe in them. Life will have meaningful __47__with such a purpose you will have no time to be unhappy or sad. The __48__ of encouraging yourself and others will be great source of __49__.
“But I am so__50__.Can I make a difference to the world？” the young man asked.
“As an old saying goes，‘What a ___51__lamp can do，the great Sun cannot；it can shine in the night.’ ”the old man said.
“Yes，it__52__me of an incident. A pilot while__53__realized that he lost direction. It was dark and__54__for him to land. The fuel was running out. There was a great__55__.Suddenly he could see a heavy truck on the highway; its headlight beam helped him to__56__the path of the highway.Using the highway as the runway，he landed. He said to himself，‘I am sure the truck driver would not have__57__ that the truck's headlights__58__many lives.’” the young man said.
“In the same way we may not know how we can be __59__to others. What is important is our intention to help.”the old man said __60__.
文章大意：我们每个人都是一个奇迹，鼓励能激发我们的潜力并且使我们创造奇迹，我们很可能会在不经意中发挥作用、影响别人。
41．A.completed B．observed
C．understood D．promised
答案：B 从下文的语境可知，这里应该是说那个年轻人观察到那个老人的行为，所以答案选B项，A项为“完成”、C项为“理解”、D项为“答应”都不符合题意。
42．A.fishes B．nets
C．stones D．sands
答案：A 根据第一句可知，这位老人正在把鱼扔回海里面。
43．A.actually B．correctly
C．easily D．quickly
答案：A 从sure一词可知，年轻人是想问那老人他那样做对所有的鱼确实有影响吗？
44．A.gave away B．picked up
C．worked on D．played with
答案：B 文章第一句在就出现了picking一词的提示，此处是说老人笑了笑，又拾起一条鱼扔到海里面。
45．A.Never B．Recently
C．Always D．Sometimes
答案：C 这是一个祈使句，老人建议年轻人总是要鼓励自己和别人，让这个成为终身的梦想和重要责任。
46．A.journey B．dream
C．study D．habit
答案：B 该空后面的and表并列关系，因此该空所填的词语应该与important duty一致，所以要表达的意思应该是：毕生的梦想。
47．A.goal B．ending
C．experience D．result
答案：A 老人给年轻人提出人生的梦想和重要责任，以及下文的“purpose”也提示，这里是指人生目标。
48．A.decision B．behavior
C．support D．result
答案：B 结合该空后面含有of的介词短语判断，此空应该选择B项，这是一种行为：即老人这样做和这样说是给自己和别人以鼓励。
49．A.income B．energy
C．pleasure D．information
答案：C 上一句提到没有不开心和伤心的时间，也就是说人生有很多欢乐。
50．A.unattractive B．unusual
C．uncomfortable D．unimportant
答案：D 这是年轻人听完老人上述话之后的另一个疑问，根据该空后面的问句内容可知，年轻人仍然认为自己是微不足道的。
51．A.little B．bright
C．electrical D．warning
答案：A 从下文的the great Sun cannot可知此处表示对比，所以用little，也就是great的反义词。这里表达的意思是：一盏小小的灯能照亮黑夜，而大大的太阳却不行。
52．A.reminded B．warned
C．charged D．complained
答案：A 老人的一番话使年轻人想到另一个故事，所以这里用短语remind sb.of sth.。
53．A.sleeping B．walking
C．flying D．fishing
答案：C 根据第54空后面的to land一词可知有位飞行员在开飞机飞行时发现自己迷失了方向。
54．A.regular B．necessary
C．quick D．difficult
答案：D 这里说到“It was dark”以及下一句说到燃料要用尽了，由此可知飞机很难着陆，所以答案选D项。
55．A.damage B．danger
C．surprise D．failure
答案：B 飞行员觉得着陆很难而且燃料快要用完了，所以这里是说出现了重大的险情。
56．A.drive B．occupy
C．recognize D．design
答案：C 这里是说那飞行员借助卡车的车头灯辨认出路，然后把高速公路当跑道着陆。
57．A.hoped B．realized
C．declared D．cared
答案：B 四个选项中只有B项后符合逻辑，结合第56空及句意可知飞行员靠车头灯辨认道路，此处是指他没有想到微不足道的车头灯拯救了很多人的生命。
58．A.saved B．guided
C．lost D．represented
答案：A 这里是说卡车司机没有意识到他卡车的车头灯挽救了很多人的生命。
59．A.hopeful B．painful
C．forgetful D．helpful
答案：D 从下文“help”的提示可知答案选D项。
60．A.proudly B．happily
C．secretly D．calmly
答案：B 老人听到年轻人所说的话，深知他已经明白了道理，所以应该是很开心地说这番话。
第二节：(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you have sleeping problems? Then these tips may help you fall asleep fast.
Set aside the thought__61__you have to fall asleep. The more you think about it，the more you can't sleep.
The foods you eat also play __62__ important part. Avoid eating foods like chocolates, or drinking coffee, tea or energydrinks. If you have to, then have them in the morning and never in the afternoon，__63__(especial) before going to bed. Don't eat too much at night. A full stomach will make you more difficult__64__(fall ) asleep because your body is working more time to digest the food you eat.
Make a __65__(fix)time when to go to bed. For example，by 9 o'clock in the evening you should already be in bed. Do this even if you're not sleepy yet. Once you do this, gradually you__66__(see)that you feel__67__(sleep)when it's 9 o'clock.
Make your room comfortable for sleeping. You should also take note that the sleeping environment also__68__(affect) your sleep. It must be in the room__69__it's not noisy. Otherwise, you will find __70__difficult to fall asleep again after waking up.
61．______ 62.______ 63.______ 64.______ 65.______
66．______ 67.______ 68.______ 69.______ 70.______
文章大意：你的睡眠是否存在问题？文章介绍了几种有助于快速进入睡眠的方法。
答案：
61．that 考查连接词。设空处引导同位语从句，对thought进行解释说明，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。
62．an 考查冠词。play an important part意为“起重要作用，扮演重要角色”。句意：你所吃的食物也起重要作用。
63．especially 考查副词。especially为副词，意为“尤其，特别”，符合语境。especial为形容词。
64．to fall 考查非谓语动词。句意：吃饱后的肚子会使你更难入睡，因为你的身体需要更多的时间来消化所吃的东西。“形容词＋不定式”结构在句中作宾语补足语。
65．fixed 考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰time，fixed意为“固定的，确定的”，符合语境。
66．will see 考查动词时态。根据语境可知，see为将来的动作，故用一般将来时态。
67．sleepy 考查形容词。feel为系动词，后接形容词，sleepy adj.困的。
68．affects 考查动词时态。句意：你也应该注意到，睡眠环境也会影响你的睡眠。根据语境可知此处用一般现在时，因为主语为第三人称单数，故填affects。
69．where 考查关系词。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the room，从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where。
70．it 考查代词。句意：否则的话，你就会发现在醒来后就很难再入睡了。设空处需要形式宾语，后面的不定式短语为真正的宾语，故用it。
第四部分：写作(满分35分)
第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)。并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(﹨)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不记分。
The book I'm reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early 1800's. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 o'clock at night. This custom soon becomes another meal of day. Interesting, it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.
答案：
The book I'm reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early 1800's. tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, might not be served until 8 o'clock at night. This custom soon another meal of day. ， it had a connection the British porcelain(瓷器) industry. Tea in China was traditionally from cups without handles. When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good with handles to suit British habits. This made for the in the porcelain industry.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon 在网上发帖，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
1．表达给她提供帮助的意愿；
2．说明你能胜任辅导的理由；
3．给出讲好普通话的两点建议；
4．提出你学习英语的具体需求。
注意：
1．词数120左右，开头语已为你写好；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。
Hi Sharon，
This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Li Xia
答案：
Hi Sharon，
This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.I am quite interested in it.I think I'm fit for it.As a student, I have been learning Mandarin for many years.In addition，I am Chinese, which means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life.So I'm quite confident that I can help you learn Mandarin.
Learning Mandarin takes time, so if you want to learn it well，you should spend much time practicing Mandarin every day.As the saying goes, practice makes perfect.Besides, you can also read some books in Chinese，see some Chinese films and listen to some Chinese radio programmes.Speaking and listening are very important for language learning, by which you are sure to make great progress.
In your post, you say you can teach English as a reward.It is just what I want.I'm eager to improve my English.So, if you allow me to help you learn Mandarin, you can also help me improve my English.We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese, so that we can improve our oral speaking.
Hope for your early reply!
Yours Sincerely，
Li_Xia
