江苏省启东中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第一次月考试题 英语 （含解析，无听力音频无听力原文）

江苏省启东中学2024～2025学年度第一学期第一次月考
高二英语
（考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
第一部分（改编题）听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸（卡）上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What has the boy finished doing
A. Washing the clothes. B. Watering the flowers. C. Doing the dishes.
2. When does the conversation take place
A. At 12:25. B. At 12:30. C. At 12:35.
3. Where are the speakers likely to go next
A. To a gift shop. B. To a dessert shop. C. To Emily’s place.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Impatient.
5. What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. Tips on improving brain health.
B. Ways to study a foreign language.
C. Benefits of learning a new language.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6 What does the woman consider doing
A. Buying food for some homeless animals.
B. Looking after the man’s cat.
C. Keeping a pet at home.
7. What does the man believe is the most important thing about keeping a pet
A. Spending enough time with a pet.
B. Preparing a good living space for a pet.
C. Getting a pet that matches one’s lifestyle.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How did the woman and Vicky know each other
A. Through a trip. B. Through the Internet. C. Through a baseball match.
9. What is Vicky fond of doing according to the woman
A. Going surfing. B. Doing online shopping. C. Making sweet food.
10. Which of the following will the woman send to Vicky
A. Spicy pork sausage. B. Brown sugar. C. Rice wine.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Who did the man meet this morning
A. His fitness coach. B. His former neighbor. C. His primary school teacher.
12. What does Cathy look like
A. She has blue eyes. B. She is tall and strong. C. She wears a pair of glasses.
13. Why did the man go to Oak City Mall
A. To apply for a job as a waiter.
B. To try some Italian dishes.
C. To give his friend a hand.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What did the man give the woman half an hour ago
A. A notebook. B. A desk calendar. C. A shopping list.
15. What is the woman’s first suggestion
A. Staying organized. B. Doing physical activities. C. Keeping mentally active.
16. Where does the woman usually put her keys
A. On her desk. B. In her wallet. C. In a drawer.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
17. What did Fang Wenjing think of the food in the canteen
A. It was delicious and inexpensive.
B. It was not well-balanced but cheap.
C. It tasted soft and mild.
18. What does Hu Yifan do
A. A chef. B. A tour guide. C. A canteen manager.
19. Who can enjoy a 30% discount in the canteen
A. People aged between 60 and 79.
B. People aged between 80 and 89.
C. People aged over 90.
20. What change do community canteens make to satisfy young people
A. They provide takeaway service.
B. They offer 3 meals on weekends.
C. They make their opening hours longer.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（原创题）（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所结的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Great Cycling Charities You Should Support
World Bicycle Relief
World Bicycle Relief was inspired by the need to make lives better after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. It also joined up with RAPDS, which provided healthcare services in Zambia to fight the spread of AIDS. Other regions of the world have been provided with bicycles for community development and general improvement of lives. The bicycles are customized to match the terrains (地形) in these localities.
Mountain 2 Mountain
Founded in 206, M2M is a charity that’s working to protect and preserve the interests of Afghan women in cycling. Thanks to the efforts of M2M, Afghan females now ride their bikes openly and take part in competitions. The bikers are provided with accessories and gear (配件和装备) needed to ride conveniently.
People For Bikes
With a great reputation across the globe, People For Bikes is aimed at spreading the joy of biking to as many people as possible. Millions of dollars have been generated over the past 21 years. This money goes out to improve the bicycling experience or people of all ages. They also support professional biking and recreational biking — necessary safety gear is provided.
International Mountain Bicycling Association
IMBA, created in 1988, focuses on the preservation of natural mountain biking terrains and routes. They sensitize people across the world to the effect of charity bike rides on the environment. Consequently, their programs educate bikers on how to ride without damaging routes. The establishment also educates people on the proper methods for trail (小径) construction.
1. What motivated the establishment of World Bicycle Relief
A. The spreading of a disease.
B. Bad healthcare services in Zambia.
C. The damage caused by a disaster.
D. Slow community development in Africa.
2. What do Mountain 2 Mountain and People For Bikes have in common
A. Both have global influence.
B. Both provide cycling equipment.
C. Both organize biking competitions.
D. Both have a history of two decades.
3. Which charity aims to protect biking terrains
A. World Bicycle Relief.
B. Mountain 2 Mountain.
C. People For Bikes.
D. International Mountain Bicycling Association.
B
Every six days, students at Hite Elementary School get an extra 50 minutes of math-focused instruction. They play simple math games and count aloud to learn number recognition — it’s all done in Chinese.
Principal Tim Hagan said Chinese language instruction enhances the school’s existing Singapore Math curriculum (课程), which attributes (归因) the math skill gap between Chinese — and English-speaking students to language differences and the way students understand numbers.
The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) conducts a study every four years to compare the math ability of students from more than 50 countries. For the past 20 years, students in Chinese-speaking countries have routinely outperformed those in English-speaking countries. “One of the reasons that Chinese students have done well in math is their language itself automatically breaks apart numbers into tens and ones,” said Hite Chinese teacher Emily Smith. “We’re having to teach kids to do that because our language doesn’t do it automatically.”
For the 2022-23 school year, Hite provided $60,000 school-based funds to purchase and follow the Singapore Math curriculum, which math teachers taught in English. Students learned to count the “say ten way” — where “eleven” became “ten one” and twelve became “ten two”.
Offering Chinese language instruction is just taking it one step further, Smith said. In Chinese, the “say ten way” is how numbers are naturally learned and spoken, she explained, adding that saying “twenty” in Chinese is like saying “two ten”.
Hagan called the Chinese system more efficient than English in getting students to visualize, understand and calculate numbers. He has already seen improvement. Standardized test scores released earlier this month revealed the school’s “greatest increase in performance was in kids who have trouble in math”.
Students also responded positively to Chinese instruction. Fourth-grade student Anna Kersting, 9, said she felt learning numbers in Chinese was easy. “You use all the same numbers from one to 99.” she said.
4. What has the NCES study found
A. Chinese-speaking students excel in math.
B. English students have made great progress in math.
C. Breaking numbers apart is helpful for learning math.
D. Students’ language ability determines their math ability.
5. What did Smith say about the “say ten way”
A. It involves complex math concepts.
B. It confuses English-speaking students.
C. It was influenced by a Singapore math teacher.
D. It is the natural way of saying numbers in Chinese.
6. Which word best describes the impact of Chinese instruction
A. Many-sided. B. Short-lived. C. Identifiable. D. Unpredictable.
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. Innovative approaches to learning math
B. A comparison of math education in different countries
C. Chinese teachers bring the art of math to English schools
D. Hite classes connect Chinese and math
C
Cats are common and beloved pets. Litterbox issues are among the most common challenges associated with cats, and can even result in giving up the pet. Cats can, for example, urinate or defecate (排尿或排便) outside the litterbox, in places undesirable for the owner.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki (UH) identified several links between various risk factors and the litterbox issues. Identifying a range of risk factors makes it possible to improve conditions in the cat’s environment, thus preventing and reducing litterbox issues.
The study employed a dataset involving more than 4,000 cats, including extensive information on their personalities, backgrounds, health and current environments. Two behavioural traits (特征) associated with litterbox use were identified: soiling outside the litterbox and avoiding the litterbox because of its uncleanliness or quality. The study investigated the link between 34 variables and the two behavioural traits mentioned.
“The cat’s personality makes a difference, since fearfulness is associated with both of the undesirable behavioural traits. The fewest problems occurred in cats under four months of age, while the highest occurred in male cats. Older cats and cats living in families with children were more sensitive about the cleanliness of their litterboxes. In terms of different breeds (品种), Bengal cats had the most problems on average, while Siberian and Neva Masquerade cats had the least,” says Professor Hannes Lohi.
Cats with high sociability towards other cats had fewer problems than less social cats. The researchers assume that a high score for sociability reflected the cat’s ability to live together with other cats in the household, reducing the likelihood of stress caused by other cats and, consequently, litterbox issues.
“Due to the nature of the data, direct causation cannot be established on the basis of the results, but it appears that problems can already be prevented when selecting individuals for breeding by favouring non-fearful and sociable individuals. The likelihood of litterbox issues can be reduced also by keeping the litterbox clean and ensuring that all of the cats in the household have a box of their own,” Doctoral Researcher Saila Mikkola states, as a summary of the results.
8. What did the UH study focus on
A. How to keep the litterbox clean. B. What factors lead to litterbox issues.
C. What common litterbox issues are. D. How to train a cat to behave in the litterbox.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about concerning the study
A. Its experimental background. B. Its research process.
C. Its representative sample. D. Its statistical result.
10. Which cat is most likely to make good use of the litterbox
A. A male cat born in Siberia.
B. A Bengal cat living with two kids.
C. A Neva Masquerade cat often playing with others.
D. A three-month-old cat sharing the litterbox with other cats.
11. What does Salla Mikkola think of the study
A. It is helpful though the reasons are unproven.
B. It is well designed but the findings are limited.
C. It is poorly conducted but the suggestions are applicable.
D. It is disappointing though the variables are directly correlated.
D
For all of our lives, cities have been, well, cities. Tall buildings, crowded neighborhoods, and good pizza (more or less). But what should a good city look like, really
In the age of Zoom, when workers are increasingly independent from the physical office space, cities need to be more than tall buildings. They need to be livable. In other words, if you can live where you want, then cities need to be a place you want to live.
That trend is not entirely new. More than 20 years ago, I wrote a story about how San Francisco was becoming the model for a new kind of city — essentially an urban playground. Not every city has to become its own San Francisco. But it needs to have its restaurants and theaters, green spaces and bike paths. What’s interesting is that through the centuries, public health crises have played important roles in doing just that — making cities more livable.
A 2021 United Nations report notes that during the bubonic plague (黑死病), Lucca, Italy, required all its residents to clean the street in front of their houses every Saturday. In the 19th century, concerns about tuberculosis (结核病) in the United States led to a demand for more open spaces. The result was public parks like the Emerald Necklace in Boston. The lesson is the same as it has always been. The most resilient (适应力强的) cities are the ones built with their citizens’ well-being in mind.
It’s a reminder that cities change as societies change. The modern city grew out of the Industrial Revolution, as cities became centers for factories. The rise of tall buildings kept cities at the center of economic activity. But what does that mean when marketers can do their job from the Maine coast or the Himalayas It seemingly means that, to advance, cities must once again find a way to be a better version of themselves.
12. What gives rise to the change of modern cities
A. Many office workers lost their jobs.
B. More employees can work remotely.
C. More tall buildings have been built in cities.
D. Many people come to cities to find opportunities.
13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. San Francisco has too many followers.
B Other cities don’t invest in public facilities.
C. San Francisco is developing faster than most cities.
D. Other cities don’t have to copy San Francisco’s style.
14. What should the most adaptable city be based on in the author’s view
A. Strong economy. B. Much inclusiveness.
C. Public welfare. D. Workers’ employment.
15. What is the best title for the text
A Do future cities look similar
B. Is there a new kind of city
C. What is the point of a city
D. What should cities learn from the past
第二节（改编题）（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A creative journal is for EVERYONE! It doesn’t matter whether you are a seasoned artist or a hobbyist. We all need an outlet for our creativity. ____16____
What is a creative journal
A creative journal is not a diary. It’s not a place where you write down your experiences of the day. ____17____ Think of it more as an art journal than a traditional journal, a bridge between the world of your imagination and the real world.
How can a creative journal benefit you
Researchers have studied the benefits of creative journaling and found that it can help release trapped feelings, support the curing process of emotional trauma (创伤), help with creative expression, and more. Besides, every creative has struggled with creative blocks. ____18____ Building a daily habit of creative engagement helps you stop procrastinating (拖延) and start creating. If you’re an idea machine, you have many more ideas than you can make happen. Having a place to record those you don’t act on now, but might want to revisit in the future can be good. ____19____
How do you write a creative journal
There’s no right way when it comes to creative journaling. ____20____ One thing I love about creative journaling is that it requires absolutely no organization, and I can literally do whatever I want. I open a new page and start creating: some days I write, some days I draw, and other days I make a mind map.
A. It can be appealing to wait for a better time.
B Creative journaling has considerable benefits.
C. You create your creative journal the way you want it.
D. It also ensures that they don’t get lost in the fog of time.
E. This daily practice will let your emotional trauma go away.
F We all need a source of inspiration that keeps us motivated.
G. Instead, it’s a daily creative practice that can take many forms.
第三部分 基础知识应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（改编题）（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Green design is the creation of energy-efficient buildings which are flexible and designed for long life. It should have a minimal ____21____ on the environment, both in terms of products and materials ____22____ in the construction and in the functionality of the building.
A sustainable design should always ____23____ to amalgamate (融合) environmentally-preferred outcomes throughout the whole life-cycle of the ____24____. If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly, it is truly ____25____. This is what is at the ____26____ of sustainable design, the ability to ____27____ changes through time.
Designing for the future is a key part of design, and is of particular importance in green design. How the space will ____28____ for its original purpose and how it could be used in the future are at the heart of this ____29____.
Sustainable building also considers whether a space can be used for ____30____ purposes at different periods during its lifetime. Also, factors such as how easy the space can be ____31____ and retrofitted (翻新), and ____32____ the impact the building will have on the environment will make it more sustainable.
Green design can often be viewed as a(n) ____33____ concept, but it actually is simple. It means creating products that last longer and use ____34____ resources in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations. Green design is ____35____ for society, businesses and the environment.
21. A. balance B. focus C. investment D. impact
22. A. wasted B. collected C. used D. distributed
23. A. happen B. seek C. refuse D. pretend
24. A. service B. practice C. building D. work
25. A. sustainable B. popular C. attractive D. different
26. A. expense B. risk C. crossroad D. core
27. A. adjust to B. refer to C. stick to D. contribute to
28. A. remain B. expand C. function D. account
29. A. problem B. concept C. debate D. program
30. A. original B. recreational C. similar D. multiple
31. A. measured B. cleared C. changed D. designed
32. A. lessening B. predicting C. managing D. judging
33. A. precise B. complicated C. confusing D. imaginative
34. A. extra B. rarer C. local D. fewer
35. A. difficult B. beneficial C. known D. available
第二节（原创题）语法填空（共10题；每题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The image of auspicious clouds (祥云) is a widely known cultural symbol in China. Since ancient times, it has been regarded _____36_____ a symbol of blessings, and has been _____37_____ (common) used in design patters for clothing, artifacts (手工艺品), furniture, architecture, as well as literary and artistic creations.
Wang Anshi (1021-1086) in the Northern Song Dynasty ____38____ (compose) a poem with “the auspicious clouds” as its theme, “the roof tile of the royal palace, still covered in snow, glitters under the sunshine to respond to the auspicious clouds”. In ____39____ (novel) of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, _____40_____ are also plentiful descriptions of the auspicious clouds. For example, in The Legend of Deification, there is a scene ____41____ (describe) people’s imagination of the _____42_____ (beauty) fairyland, where “the sky is painted with a rosy brush, with auspicious clouds in five colors floating and glowing in an elegant manner”.
In the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, the graphic image (图形) _____43_____ (employ) in the design of the Olympic Torch _____44_____ the official uniform of Chinese athletes, implying the idea of being the “origin of symbiotic and inclusive harmony”. The auspicious clouds, _____45_____ have been favored by Chinese people for thousands of years, have become a symbol of expectation for happiness in both literary and artistic creations and daily life.
第四部分（原创题）单句填空（共10题；每题0.5分，满分5分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. It is not known how many people remain __________ (trap) in places where fighting continues today. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. The department has failed to __________ (priority) safety within oil industry. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. We are faced with two apparently ________ (contradict) statements. （所给词的适当形式填空）
49. His work suffered because of his total ________(absorb) in sport. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. He had a sense of humor and what he said could be very ________________(amuse)．(所给词的适当形式填空)
51. The bank isn’t performing as well as some of its___________ (compete). (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. He has been an active ________(participate) in the discussion. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. The fence marks the __________(边界，边界线) between my property and hers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54. He sold his restaurant and opened an __________ (完全相同的) one in California. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55. Her work has been of __________ (始终如一地；一贯地) high standard. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
第五部分 写作（改编题）（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
56. 随着信息技术的蓬勃发展，人们阅读纸质媒体的热情在逐渐减少。假定你是校英语报主编李华，请你写一篇英语短文，呼吁大家重拾对纸质阅读的热情。具体内容如下：
1．介绍现状;
2．纸媒的重要性;
3．提出呼吁。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80 词左右;
2．请在答题卡相应位置作答。
Embracing the Magic of Print Media
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kathy's family vacation to the beach was usually the highlight of her summer. This year, however, her parents announced a new rule: no phones for the entire week.
“But my friends will be expecting updates about the trip, "Kathy complained. Kathy's mom gave her a serious look. Unwillingly, Kathy handed her phone over and her mom locked it away.
The drive to the beach house took most of the day. As they turned off the highway onto country back roads, the clouds darkened. Rain started to pour. "Even more beautiful in the rain," her mother said. " What do you think, Kathy " Kathy glared at her mom. "Beautiful, "she muttered.
That night after dinner, Kathy wandered into the kitchen, where her father was washing dishes. She gave her father a loving look and said in her sweetest voice, "Couldn’t I have my phone back, just for one second Just so I can tell everyone what an amazing time I'm having ”
“Can't, "he said. "It's not here. Remember " Kathy was very annoyed. Having nothing better to do, she examined the dusty bookcase in the living room. The books looked as dull as the weather. On the top shelf, however, she spotted a puzzle. She took it, emptied the pieces on the table, and began to sort them.
After what seemed like a few minutes, she looked up. It was past ten o'clock. She had been working for almost two hours! She yawned. The puzzle was less than half done, but she was exhausted. So, she went to bed.
When Kathy awoke the next morning, she jumped out of bed and threw open the curtains. A blazing sun was rising over the blue ocean. The sky was cloudless. The scene reminded Kathy of a photo that her friend betty had recently sent her.
This view was even better. It would leave everyone speechless. Kathy dashed to her bedside table and reached for her phone. But there was nothing there. She sighed. Still, she wandered in front of the window, admiring the sunrise.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After a quick breakfast, Kathy headed to the beach.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Appreciating the finished puzzle, she realized she hadn't thought of her cellphone for hours.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5 AABBC 6-10 CABAA 11-15 BACCB 16-20 CACBC
江苏省启东中学2024～2025学年度第一学期第一次月考
高二英语
（考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分）
第一部分（改编题）听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸（卡）上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What has the boy finished doing
A. Washing the clothes. B. Watering the flowers. C. Doing the dishes.
2. When does the conversation take place
A. At 12:25. B. At 12:30. C. At 12:35.
3. Where are the speakers likely to go next
A. To a gift shop. B. To a dessert shop. C. To Emily’s place.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Impatient.
5. What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. Tips on improving brain health.
B. Ways to study a foreign language.
C. Benefits of learning a new language.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman consider doing
A. Buying food for some homeless animals.
B. Looking after the man’s cat.
C. Keeping a pet at home.
7. What does the man believe is the most important thing about keeping a pet
A. Spending enough time with a pet.
B. Preparing a good living space for a pet.
C. Getting a pet that matches one’s lifestyle.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How did the woman and Vicky know each other
A. Through a trip. B. Through the Internet. C. Through a baseball match.
9. What is Vicky fond of doing according to the woman
A. Going surfing. B. Doing online shopping. C. Making sweet food.
10. Which of the following will the woman send to Vicky
A. Spicy pork sausage. B. Brown sugar. C. Rice wine.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Who did the man meet this morning
A. His fitness coach. B. His former neighbor. C. His primary school teacher.
12. What does Cathy look like
A. She has blue eyes. B. She is tall and strong. C. She wears a pair of glasses.
13. Why did the man go to Oak City Mall
A. To apply for a job as a waiter.
B. To try some Italian dishes.
C. To give his friend a hand.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What did the man give the woman half an hour ago
A. A notebook. B. A desk calendar. C. A shopping list.
15 What is the woman’s first suggestion
A. Staying organized. B. Doing physical activities. C. Keeping mentally active.
16. Where does the woman usually put her keys
A. On her desk. B. In her wallet. C. In a drawer.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
17. What did Fang Wenjing think of the food in the canteen
A. It was delicious and inexpensive.
B. It was not well-balanced but cheap.
C. It tasted soft and mild.
18. What does Hu Yifan do
A. A chef. B. A tour guide. C. A canteen manager.
19. Who can enjoy a 30% discount in the canteen
A. People aged between 60 and 79.
B. People aged between 80 and 89.
C. People aged over 90.
20. What change do community canteens make to satisfy young people
A. They provide takeaway service.
B. They offer 3 meals on weekends.
C. They make their opening hours longer.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（原创题）（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所结的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Four Great Cycling Charities You Should Support
World Bicycle Relief
World Bicycle Relief was inspired by the need to make lives better after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. It also joined up with RAPDS, which provided healthcare services in Zambia to fight the spread of AIDS. Other regions of the world have been provided with bicycles for community development and general improvement of lives. The bicycles are customized to match the terrains (地形) in these localities.
Mountain 2 Mountain
Founded in 206, M2M is a charity that’s working to protect and preserve the interests of Afghan women in cycling. Thanks to the efforts of M2M, Afghan females now ride their bikes openly and take part in competitions. The bikers are provided with accessories and gear (配件和装备) needed to ride conveniently.
People For Bikes
With a great reputation across the globe, People For Bikes is aimed at spreading the joy of biking to as many people as possible. Millions of dollars have been generated over the past 21 years. This money goes out to improve the bicycling experience or people of all ages. They also support professional biking and recreational biking — necessary safety gear is provided.
International Mountain Bicycling Association
IMBA, created in 1988, focuses on the preservation of natural mountain biking terrains and routes. They sensitize people across the world to the effect of charity bike rides on the environment. Consequently, their programs educate bikers on how to ride without damaging routes. The establishment also educates people on the proper methods for trail (小径) construction.
1. What motivated the establishment of World Bicycle Relief
A. The spreading of a disease.
B. Bad healthcare services in Zambia.
C. The damage caused by a disaster.
D. Slow community development in Africa.
2. What do Mountain 2 Mountain and People For Bikes have in common
A. Both have global influence.
B. Both provide cycling equipment.
C. Both organize biking competitions.
D. Both have a history of two decades.
3. Which charity aims to protect biking terrains
A. World Bicycle Relief.
B. Mountain 2 Mountain.
C. People For Bikes.
D. International Mountain Bicycling Association.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了大家应该支持的四大自行车慈善机构。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据World Bicycle Relief中的“World Bicycle Relief was inspired by the need to make lives better after the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.(世界自行车救济会的灵感来自于2004年印度洋海啸后改善生活的需要。)”可知，一场灾难造成的破坏促使世界自行车救济组织成立。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Mountain 2 Mountain中“The bikers are provided with accessories and gear (配件和装备) needed to ride conveniently.(为骑自行车的人提供了方便骑行所需的配件和装备。)”以及People For Bikes中的“They also support professional biking and recreational biking — necessary safety gear is provided. (他们还支持专业骑自行车和休闲骑自行车—提供必要的安全装备)”可知，两者的共同之处是两者都提供自行车装备。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据International Mountain Bicycling Association中的“IMBA, created in 1988, focuses on the preservation of natural mountain biking terrains and routes.( IMBA创建于1988年，专注于保护自然山地自行车地形和路线。)”可知，国际山地自行车协会旨在保护自行车骑行的地形。故选D。
B
Every six days, students at Hite Elementary School get an extra 50 minutes of math-focused instruction. They play simple math games and count aloud to learn number recognition — it’s all done in Chinese.
Principal Tim Hagan said Chinese language instruction enhances the school’s existing Singapore Math curriculum (课程), which attributes (归因) the math skill gap between Chinese — and English-speaking students to language differences and the way students understand numbers.
The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) conducts a study every four years to compare the math ability of students from more than 50 countries. For the past 20 years, students in Chinese-speaking countries have routinely outperformed those in English-speaking countries. “One of the reasons that Chinese students have done well in math is their language itself automatically breaks apart numbers into tens and ones,” said Hite Chinese teacher Emily Smith. “We’re having to teach kids to do that because our language doesn’t do it automatically.”
For the 2022-23 school year, Hite provided $60,000 school-based funds to purchase and follow the Singapore Math curriculum, which math teachers taught in English. Students learned to count the “say ten way” — where “eleven” became “ten one” and twelve became “ten two”.
Offering Chinese language instruction is just taking it one step further, Smith said. In Chinese, the “say ten way” is how numbers are naturally learned and spoken, she explained, adding that saying “twenty” in Chinese is like saying “two ten”.
Hagan called the Chinese system more efficient than English in getting students to visualize, understand and calculate numbers. He has already seen improvement. Standardized test scores released earlier this month revealed the school’s “greatest increase in performance was in kids who have trouble in math”.
Students also responded positively to Chinese instruction. Fourth-grade student Anna Kersting, 9, said she felt learning numbers in Chinese was easy. “You use all the same numbers from one to 99.” she said.
4. What has the NCES study found
A. Chinese-speaking students excel in math.
B. English students have made great progress in math.
C. Breaking numbers apart is helpful for learning math.
D. Students’ language ability determines their math ability.
5. What did Smith say about the “say ten way”
A. It involves complex math concepts.
B. It confuses English-speaking students.
C. It was influenced by a Singapore math teacher.
D. It is the natural way of saying numbers in Chinese.
6. Which word best describes the impact of Chinese instruction
A. Many-sided. B. Short-lived. C. Identifiable. D. Unpredictable.
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. Innovative approaches to learning math
B. A comparison of math education in different countries
C. Chinese teachers bring the art of math to English schools
D. Hite classes connect Chinese and math
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了海特小说将中文和数学结合起来，指出中文对学习数学的好处。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) conducts a study every four years to compare the math ability of students from more than 50 countries. For the past 20 years, students in Chinese-speaking countries have routinely outperformed those in English-speaking countries. “One of the reasons that Chinese students have done well in math is their language itself automatically breaks apart numbers into tens and ones,” said Hite Chinese teacher Emily Smith. “We’re having to teach kids to do that because our language doesn’t do it automatically.”(美国国家教育统计中心（NCES）每四年进行一次研究，比较50多个国家学生的数学能力。在过去的20年里，说汉语的国家的学生通常比说英语的国家的学生表现得更好。海特中文老师艾米丽·史密斯说：“中国学生数学成绩好的原因之一是他们的语言本身会自动将数字分成十和一。我们必须教孩子们这样做，因为我们的语言不会自动做到这一点。)”可知，NCES研究发现说中文的学生擅长数学。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Offering Chinese language instruction is just taking it one step further, Smith said. In Chinese, the “say ten way” is how numbers are naturally learned and spoken, she explained, adding that saying “twenty” in Chinese is like saying “two ten”.(史密斯说，提供中文教学只是更进一步。她解释说，在汉语中，“说十的方式”是学习和说数字的自然方式，并补充说，在汉语中说“二十”就像说“两个十”)”可知，史密斯认为“说十的方式”是中国人说数字的自然方式。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Hagan called the Chinese system more efficient than English in getting students to visualize, understand and calculate numbers. He has already seen improvement. Standardized test scores released earlier this month revealed the school’s “greatest increase in performance was in kids who have trouble in math”.(哈根称，在让学生形象化、理解数字和计算数字方面，中文体系比英语体系更有效。他已经看到了进步。本月早些时候公布的标准化考试成绩显示，该校“数学有问题的孩子成绩提高最快”)”可知，汉语教学的影响是可识别、显而易见的。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Every six days, students at Hite Elementary School get an extra 50 minutes of math-focused instruction. They play simple math games and count aloud to learn number recognition — it’s all done in Chinese.(每隔六天，海特小学的学生就会得到额外50分钟的数学指导。他们玩简单的数学游戏，大声数数来学习数字识别——这些都是用中文完成的)”结合文章主要说明了海特小说将中文和数学结合起来，指出中文对学习数学的好处。可知，D选项“海特课程将中文和数学联系起来”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
Cats are common and beloved pets. Litterbox issues are among the most common challenges associated with cats, and can even result in giving up the pet. Cats can, for example, urinate or defecate (排尿或排便) outside the litterbox, in places undesirable for the owner.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki (UH) identified several links between various risk factors and the litterbox issues. Identifying a range of risk factors makes it possible to improve conditions in the cat’s environment, thus preventing and reducing litterbox issues.
The study employed a dataset involving more than 4,000 cats, including extensive information on their personalities, backgrounds, health and current environments. Two behavioural traits (特征) associated with litterbox use were identified: soiling outside the litterbox and avoiding the litterbox because of its uncleanliness or quality. The study investigated the link between 34 variables and the two behavioural traits mentioned.
“The cat’s personality makes a difference, since fearfulness is associated with both of the undesirable behavioural traits. The fewest problems occurred in cats under four months of age, while the highest occurred in male cats. Older cats and cats living in families with children were more sensitive about the cleanliness of their litterboxes. In terms of different breeds (品种), Bengal cats had the most problems on average, while Siberian and Neva Masquerade cats had the least,” says Professor Hannes Lohi.
Cats with high sociability towards other cats had fewer problems than less social cats. The researchers assume that a high score for sociability reflected the cat’s ability to live together with other cats in the household, reducing the likelihood of stress caused by other cats and, consequently, litterbox issues.
“Due to the nature of the data, direct causation cannot be established on the basis of the results, but it appears that problems can already be prevented when selecting individuals for breeding by favouring non-fearful and sociable individuals. The likelihood of litterbox issues can be reduced also by keeping the litterbox clean and ensuring that all of the cats in the household have a box of their own,” Doctoral Researcher Saila Mikkola states, as a summary of the results.
8. What did the UH study focus on
A. How to keep the litterbox clean. B. What factors lead to litterbox issues.
C. What common litterbox issues are. D. How to train a cat to behave in the litterbox.
9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about concerning the study
A. Its experimental background. B. Its research process.
C. Its representative sample. D. Its statistical result.
10. Which cat is most likely to make good use of the litterbox
A. A male cat born in Siberia.
B. A Bengal cat living with two kids.
C. A Neva Masquerade cat often playing with others.
D. A three-month-old cat sharing the litterbox with other cats.
11. What does Salla Mikkola think of the study
A. It is helpful though the reasons are unproven.
B. It is well designed but the findings are limited.
C. It is poorly conducted but the suggestions are applicable.
D. It is disappointing though the variables are directly correlated.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项针对关于猫使用猫砂盆导致混乱的研究，介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Litterbox issues are among the most common challenges associated with cats, and can even result in giving up the pet. Cats can, for example, urinate or defecate (排尿或排便) outside the litterbox, in places undesirable for the owner.(猫砂盒问题是与猫有关的最常见的挑战之一，甚至可能导致放弃宠物。例如，猫可以在猫砂盒外，在主人不喜欢的地方排尿或排便。)”以及第二段“Researchers at the University of Helsinki (UH) identified several links between various risk factors and the litterbox issues. Identifying a range of risk factors makes it possible to improve conditions in the cat’s environment, thus preventing and reducing litterbox issues.(赫尔辛基大学（UH）的研究人员发现了各种风险因素与猫砂盒问题之间的几种联系。识别一系列风险因素可以改善猫的环境条件，从而预防和减少猫砂盒问题)”可知，UH的研究重点是导致猫砂盒问题的因素。故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The study employed a dataset involving more than 4,000 cats, including extensive information on their personalities, backgrounds, health and current environments. Two behavioural traits (特征) associated with litterbox use were identified: soiling outside the litterbox and avoiding the litterbox because of its uncleanliness or quality. The study investigated the link between 34 variables and the two behavioural traits mentioned.(这项研究使用了一个涉及4000多只猫的数据集，包括它们的性格、背景、健康和当前环境的广泛信息。发现了与使用猫砂盒相关的两种行为特征：在猫砂盒外面弄脏，以及因为猫砂盒不干净或质量问题而避免使用猫砂盒。该研究调查了34个变量与上述两种行为特征之间的联系)”可知，第三段主要讲了研究过程。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Cats with high sociability towards other cats had fewer problems than less social cats. The researchers assume that a high score for sociability reflected the cat’s ability to live together with other cats in the household, reducing the likelihood of stress caused by other cats and, consequently, litterbox issues.(与不爱交际的猫相比，对其他猫具有高社交能力的猫遇到的问题更少。研究人员认为，社交能力的高分反映了猫与家庭中其他猫一起生活的能力，减少了由其他猫引起的压力的可能性，从而减少了猫砂盒问题)”可知，一个具有高度社交性的猫遇到的问题更少，能够好好使用猫砂盒子，由此可推知，一只经常和别人一起玩的涅瓦假面猫最有可能好好利用这个猫砂盒。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段““Due to the nature of the data, direct causation cannot be established on the basis of the results, but it appears that problems can already be prevented when selecting individuals for breeding by favouring non-fearful and sociable individuals. The likelihood of litterbox issues can be reduced also by keeping the litterbox clean and ensuring that all of the cats in the household have a box of their own,” Doctoral Researcher Saila Mikkola states, as a summary of the results.(‘由于数据的性质，不能在结果的基础上建立直接的因果关系，但似乎在选择繁殖个体时，通过偏爱不害怕和善于交际的个体，已经可以避免问题。’博士研究员Saila Mikkola在总结研究结果时表示：‘通过保持猫砂盒清洁，并确保家里所有的猫都有一个猫砂盒，也可以减少猫砂盒问题的可能性。’)”可知，Salla Mikkola认为这项研究是有帮助的，尽管原因尚未得到证实。故选A。
D
For all of our lives, cities have been, well, cities. Tall buildings, crowded neighborhoods, and good pizza (more or less). But what should a good city look like, really
In the age of Zoom, when workers are increasingly independent from the physical office space, cities need to be more than tall buildings. They need to be livable. In other words, if you can live where you want, then cities need to be a place you want to live.
That trend is not entirely new. More than 20 years ago, I wrote a story about how San Francisco was becoming the model for a new kind of city — essentially an urban playground. Not every city has to become its own San Francisco. But it needs to have its restaurants and theaters, green spaces and bike paths. What’s interesting is that through the centuries, public health crises have played important roles in doing just that — making cities more livable.
A 2021 United Nations report notes that during the bubonic plague (黑死病), Lucca, Italy, required all its residents to clean the street in front of their houses every Saturday. In the 19th century, concerns about tuberculosis (结核病) in the United States led to a demand for more open spaces. The result was public parks like the Emerald Necklace in Boston. The lesson is the same as it has always been. The most resilient (适应力强的) cities are the ones built with their citizens’ well-being in mind.
It’s a reminder that cities change as societies change. The modern city grew out of the Industrial Revolution, as cities became centers for factories. The rise of tall buildings kept cities at the center of economic activity. But what does that mean when marketers can do their job from the Maine coast or the Himalayas It seemingly means that, to advance, cities must once again find a way to be a better version of themselves.
12. What gives rise to the change of modern cities
A. Many office workers lost their jobs.
B. More employees can work remotely.
C. More tall buildings have been built in cities.
D. Many people come to cities to find opportunities.
13. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. San Francisco has too many followers.
B. Other cities don’t invest in public facilities.
C. San Francisco is developing faster than most cities.
D. Other cities don’t have to copy San Francisco’s style.
14. What should the most adaptable city be based on in the author’s view
A. Strong economy. B. Much inclusiveness.
C Public welfare. D. Workers’ employment.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Do future cities look similar
B. Is there a new kind of city
C. What is the point of a city
D. What should cities learn from the past
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了随着时代的发展城市应该要做出哪些改变，以更好地适应新趋势。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the age of Zoom, when workers are increasingly independent from the physical office space, cities need to be more than tall buildings.”（在Zoom时代，当员工越来越独立于实体办公空间时，城市需要的不仅仅是高楼大厦。）可知，员工们越来越独立于实体办公空间，即更多的员工可以远程工作导致现代城市的变化。故选B项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“But it needs to have its restaurants and theaters, green spaces and bike paths.”（但它需要有自己的餐厅、剧院、绿地和自行车道。）结合划线句子可知，作者认为城市要有自己的风格，而不是一味地复制，模仿别的城市的风格。故可猜测划线句子Not every city has to become its own San Francisco. 的意思为“其他城市不必复制旧金山的风格”。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The most resilient (适应力强的) cities are the ones built with their citizens’ well-being in mind.”（最具韧性的城市是那些在建设时考虑到市民福祉的城市。）可知，在作者看来，最具适应性的城市应该以公共福利为基础。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“For all of our lives, cities have been, well, cities. Tall buildings, crowded neighborhoods, and good pizza (more or less). But what should a good city look like, really ”（在我们的一生中，城市一直都是城市。高楼大厦、拥挤的社区和美味的披萨(或多或少)。但是，一个好的城市到底应该是什么样子呢？）可知，本文主要讲述了城市应该是什么样子，即城市的意义是什么。由此可知，这篇文章最好的标题是“城市的意义是什么？”。故选C项。
第二节（改编题）（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A creative journal is for EVERYONE! It doesn’t matter whether you are a seasoned artist or a hobbyist. We all need an outlet for our creativity. ____16____
What is a creative journal
A creative journal is not a diary. It’s not a place where you write down your experiences of the day. ____17____ Think of it more as an art journal than a traditional journal, a bridge between the world of your imagination and the real world.
How can a creative journal benefit you
Researchers have studied the benefits of creative journaling and found that it can help release trapped feelings, support the curing process of emotional trauma (创伤), help with creative expression, and more. Besides, every creative has struggled with creative blocks. ____18____ Building a daily habit of creative engagement helps you stop procrastinating (拖延) and start creating. If you’re an idea machine, you have many more ideas than you can make happen. Having a place to record those you don’t act on now, but might want to revisit in the future can be good. ____19____
How do you write a creative journal
There’s no right way when it comes to creative journaling. ____20____ One thing I love about creative journaling is that it requires absolutely no organization, and I can literally do whatever I want. I open a new page and start creating: some days I write, some days I draw, and other days I make a mind map.
A. It can be appealing to wait for a better time.
B. Creative journaling has considerable benefits.
C. You create your creative journal the way you want it.
D. It also ensures that they don’t get lost in the fog of time.
E. This daily practice will let your emotional trauma go away.
F. We all need a source of inspiration that keeps us motivated.
G. Instead, it’s a daily creative practice that can take many forms.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了写创意日记的好处以及如何写一篇有创意的日记。
【16题详解】
根据上文“A creative journal is for EVERYONE!”（每个人都可以写一本有创意的日记！）引出话题，提到写一本有创意的日记。以及空前一句“We all need an outlet for our creativity.”（我们都需要一个发挥创造力的出口。）结合选项F项“We all need a source of inspiration that keeps us motivated.”（我们都需要一个激励我们的源泉。）可知，和上文内容形成并列，和上文的We all need形成呼应，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“It’s not a place where you write down your experiences of the day.”（这不是一个让你写下一天经历的地方。）提到不是写下一天经历。以及下文“Think of it more as an art journal than a traditional journal, a bridge between the world of your imagination and the real world.”（把它看作是一本艺术杂志，而不是传统的杂志，是你想象世界和现实世界之间的桥梁。）结合选项G项“Instead, it’s a daily creative practice that can take many forms.”（相反，它是一种日常的创造性练习，可以采取多种形式。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Researchers have studied the benefits of creative journaling and found that it can help release trapped feelings, support the curing process of emotional trauma (创伤), help with creative expression, and more.”（研究人员研究了创造性日记的好处，发现它可以帮助释放被困的感觉，支持情感创伤的治疗过程，帮助创造性表达等等。）以及下文“Building a daily habit of creative engagement helps you stop procrastinating (拖延) and start creating.”（养成创造性参与的日常习惯可以帮助你停止拖延，开始创造。）可知，都是讲的关于创造性日记的好处，由此可知，空格处内容应与此相关。结合选项A项“It can be appealing to wait for a better time.”（它可以吸引等待更好的时机。）符合此推断，都是讲的创造性日记的好处，符合语境。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Having a place to record those you don’t act on now, but might want to revisit in the future can be good.”（有一个地方记录那些你现在没有采取行动，但将来可能想要重新审视的事情，这是很好的。）可知，讲的是记录那些你现在没有采取行动但将来可能想要重新审视的事情是很好的。结合选项D项“It also ensures that they don’t get lost in the fog of time.”（这也保证了他们不会在时间的迷雾中迷失。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选D项。
20题详解】
根据上文“There’s no right way when it comes to creative journaling.”（当谈到创造性的日志时，没有正确的方法。）提到写创造性的日志没有正确的方法。以及下文“One thing I love about creative journaling is that it requires absolutely no organization, and I can literally do whatever I want.”（我喜欢写创意日志的一点是，它完全不需要组织，我可以做任何我想做的事情。）结合选项C项“You create your creative journal the way you want it.”（你按照你想要的方式创建你的创意日记。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选C项。
第三部分 基础知识应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（改编题）（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Green design is the creation of energy-efficient buildings which are flexible and designed for long life. It should have a minimal ____21____ on the environment, both in terms of products and materials ____22____ in the construction and in the functionality of the building.
A sustainable design should always ____23____ to amalgamate (融合) environmentally-preferred outcomes throughout the whole life-cycle of the ____24____. If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly, it is truly ____25____. This is what is at the ____26____ of sustainable design, the ability to ____27____ changes through time.
Designing for the future is a key part of design, and is of particular importance in green design. How the space will ____28____ for its original purpose and how it could be used in the future are at the heart of this ____29____.
Sustainable building also considers whether a space can be used for ____30____ purposes at different periods during its lifetime. Also, factors such as how easy the space can be ____31____ and retrofitted (翻新), and ____32____ the impact the building will have on the environment will make it more sustainable.
Green design can often be viewed as a(n) ____33____ concept, but it actually is simple. It means creating products that last longer and use ____34____ resources in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations. Green design is ____35____ for society, businesses and the environment.
21. A. balance B. focus C. investment D. impact
22. A. wasted B. collected C. used D. distributed
23. A. happen B. seek C. refuse D. pretend
24. A. service B. practice C. building D. work
25. A. sustainable B. popular C. attractive D. different
26. A. expense B. risk C. crossroad D. core
27. A. adjust to B. refer to C. stick to D. contribute to
28. A. remain B. expand C. function D. account
29. A. problem B. concept C. debate D. program
30. A. original B. recreational C. similar D. multiple
31. A. measured B. cleared C. changed D. designed
32. A. lessening B. predicting C. managing D. judging
33. A. precise B. complicated C. confusing D. imaginative
34. A. extra B. rarer C. local D. fewer
35. A. difficult B. beneficial C. known D. available
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了节能建筑的中的绿色设计，它应该对环境又好且能够经历时间的考验。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它应该对环境产生最小的影响，无论是在建筑中使用的产品和材料方面，还是在建筑的功能方面。A. balance平衡；B. focus焦点；C. investment投资；D. impact影响。根据上文“Green design is the creation of energy-efficient buildings”和下一段中“remain environmentally friendly”可知，绿色设计是创造节能建筑，应是对环境产生最小的影响，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. wasted浪费；B. collected收集；C. used使用；D. distributed分配。根据空前“products and materials”和空后“in the construction”可知，此处指建设中使用的材料，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：可持续设计应该始终寻求在建筑的整个生命周期中融合环境优先的结果。A. happen发生；B. seek寻求；C. refuse拒绝；D. pretend假装。根据空前“A sustainable design”和空后的“to amalgamate (融合) environmentally-preferred outcomes”可知，可持续设计应该始终寻求融合环境优先的结果，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. service服务；B. practice练习；C. building建筑；D. work工作。根据上文多次提到的“building”以及本文主要讲述建筑中的绿色设计可知，此处指“在建筑的整个生命周期”，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续建筑。A. sustainable可持续的；B. popular流行的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. different不同的。根据上文“A sustainable design”以及“If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly”可知，上文提到可持续的设计，如果一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续建筑，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是可持续设计的核心，随着时间的推移适应变化的能力。A. expense花费；B. risk风险；C. crossroad十字路口；D. core核心。根据句意以及下文“at the heart of”可知，此处指“可持续设计的核心”，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. adjust to适应；B. refer to提到；C. stick to坚持；D. contribute to有助于。根据第一段中“energy-efficient buildings which are flexible”以及上文“a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly”可知，绿色设计创造灵活，历经时间沉淀依然对环境友好，故此处指能够适应变化，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个概念的核心是空间将如何发挥其最初的功能，以及它在未来如何被使用。A. remain保留；B. expand扩大；C. function起作用；D. account认为是。结合“how it could be used in the future”可知，此处指空间的使用方式，即如何发挥其最初的功能，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. problem问题；B. concept概念；debate辩论；D. program程序。此处指上文提到的“green design”这个概念，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可持续建筑还考虑一个空间是否可以在其生命周期的不同时期用于多种目的。A. original原本的；B. recreational娱乐的；C. similar相似的；D. multiple多种多样的。根据“at different periods during its lifetime”可知，此处指在不同时期用于多种目的，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，诸如空间改变和改造的容易程度，以及减少建筑对环境的影响等因素将使其更具可持续性。A. measured测量；B. cleared清除；C. changed改变；D. designed设计。空处和“retrofitted (翻新)”并列，changed符合语境，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. lessening减少；B. predicting预测；C. managing设法完成；D. judging评价。根据“will make it more sustainable”可知，减少建筑对环境的影响等因素将使其更具可持续性，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绿色设计通常被视为一个复杂的概念，但实际上它很简单。A. precise精确的；B. complicated复杂的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. imaginative有想象力的。根据下文的转折“but it actually is simple”可知，此处和simple相对，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着创造更耐用、使用更少资源的产品，以帮助我们为子孙后代创造一个更可持续的世界。A. extra额外的；B. rarer更稀少的；C. local当地的；D. fewer更少的。根据“in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations”可知，帮助我们为子孙后代创造一个更可持续的世界，应是使用更少的资源，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绿色设计对社会、企业和环境都有好处。A. difficult困难的；B. beneficial有益的；C. known著名的；D. available可得到的。根据文章首句“Green design is the creation of energy-efficient buildings which are flexible and designed for long life.(绿色设计是指创造灵活且设计寿命长的节能建筑)”并综合前文内容，绿色设计有好处，故选B。
第二节（原创题）语法填空（共10题；每题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The image of auspicious clouds (祥云) is a widely known cultural symbol in China. Since ancient times, it has been regarded _____36_____ a symbol of blessings, and has been _____37_____ (common) used in design patters for clothing, artifacts (手工艺品), furniture, architecture, as well as literary and artistic creations.
Wang Anshi (1021-1086) in the Northern Song Dynasty ____38____ (compose) a poem with “the auspicious clouds” as its theme, “the roof tile of the royal palace, still covered in snow, glitters under the sunshine to respond to the auspicious clouds”. In ____39____ (novel) of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, _____40_____ are also plentiful descriptions of the auspicious clouds. For example, in The Legend of Deification, there is a scene ____41____ (describe) people’s imagination of the _____42_____ (beauty) fairyland, where “the sky is painted with a rosy brush, with auspicious clouds in five colors floating and glowing in an elegant manner”.
In the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, the graphic image (图形) _____43_____ (employ) in the design of the Olympic Torch _____44_____ the official uniform of Chinese athletes, implying the idea of being the “origin of symbiotic and inclusive harmony”. The auspicious clouds, _____45_____ have been favored by Chinese people for thousands of years, have become a symbol of expectation for happiness in both literary and artistic creations and daily life.
【答案】36. as monly
posed
39. novels 40. there
41. describing
42. beautiful
43. was employed
44. and 45. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了祥云这一文化符号在中国文化中的重要性和广泛应用，从古代到现代，祥云图案不仅出现在各种物品设计上，如服饰、手工艺品、家具和建筑等，还融入了文学和艺术创作中。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：自古以来，它一直被视为祝福的象征，并且在服饰、手工艺品、家具、建筑以及文学艺术创作的设计模式中普遍使用。根据句意“被视为祝福的象征”可知，本空考查短语be regarded as，含义为“被看成是……”,故填as。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：自古以来，它一直被视为祝福的象征，并且在服饰、手工艺品、家具、建筑以及文学艺术创作的设计模式中普遍使用。所给词common为形容词，需变成副词修饰动词“used”作状语。故填commonly。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：北宋时期的王安石创作了一首以祥云为主题的诗。主语为Wang Anshi，所给动词compose作谓语，根据句意，此处描述过去的动作，应用一般过去时，故填composed。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：在明清小说中，也有许多关于祥云的描述。根据句意，本空是泛指多部小说，应用复数形式，故填novels。
【40题详解】
考查there be结构。句意：在明清小说中，有许多关于祥云的描述。根据句意“有许多关于祥云的描述”可知，此处考查There be句式，表示“有”，故填there。
41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在《封神演义》中有一个场景描绘了人们想象中的美丽仙境，在那里“天空被涂成玫瑰色，五色祥云飘逸发光”。本句是There be 句式，is 是句子的谓语动词，所给词describe为定语修饰名词scene，两者构成主动关系，现在分词作定语表主动，应用describe的现在分词形式作定语。故填describing。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，在《封神演义》中有一个场景描绘了人们想象中的美丽仙境，在那里“天空被涂成玫瑰色，五色祥云飘逸发光”。所给词beauty为名词，此处需要形容词来作定语修饰名词“fairyland”，故需要把beauty变成其形容词形式。故填beautiful。
【43题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：在北京2008年奥运会上，图形图像被用于奥运火炬的设计和中国运动员的官方制服，意味着“共生与包容和谐之源”的理念。分析句子成分，主语为the graphic image，所给动词employ作句子谓语，含义为“使用”，根据“2008年奥运会”可知时态应为一般过去时，并且主语和谓语构成被动关系，故本空需用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数，故填was employed。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：北京2008年奥运会上，图形图像被用于奥运火炬的设计和中国运动员的官方制服，意味着“共生与包容和谐之源”的理念。结合句意，本空前面的“the design of the Olympic Torch”和后面的“the official uniform of Chinese athletes”为并列关系，作介词in的宾语。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：祥云，这种被中国人民喜爱了几千年的图案，已成为文学艺术创作和日常生活中对幸福期望的象征。分空处引导非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词 The auspicious clouds，并在从句中作主语，故填which。
第四部分（原创题）单句填空（共10题；每题0.5分，满分5分）
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. It is not known how many people remain __________ (trap) in places where fighting continues today. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】trapped
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：目前尚不清楚有多少人仍被困在战斗仍在继续的地方。此处为谓语动词的填入，空前remain“仍然”为系动词，people和trap为被动关系，所以此处为被动语态结构。故填trapped。
47. The department has failed to __________ (priority) safety within oil industry. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】prioritize
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：该部门未能优先考虑石油行业的安全问题。fail to do sth.未能做成某事