英语（八年级下册）
Unit 2 Travelling
Reading (Ⅱ)
仪征市青山中心学校 端薇薇
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. use the ke ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y words and expressions to introduce the trip to Hong Kong Disneyland;
2. know how to inc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lude enough details to indicate the writer’s feeling and prepare to write about a trip;
3. know how to introduce a trip with the help of transitions.
II. Teaching contents
1. New words and phr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ases: miss, fantastic, indoor, roller coaster, speed, ride, cartoon, character, such, parade, magic, pie, feel, couple, castle, hurry to, on the way, such as, a couple of, at the end of, enjoy oneself
2. New structures: We’re having a fantastic time here.
It moved at high speed and was really exciting.
We hurried to a restaurant to have a quick meal.
On the way, we me ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t some Disney cartoon characters, such as Snow White and Mickey Mouse.
I ran after them and couldn’t stop taking photos.
I bought a couple of key rings for classmates.
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1. To use the key ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) words and expressions to introduce the trip to Hong Kong Disneyland.
2. To know how to use the transitions to connect the events.
3. To know how to make inferences.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Revision
Describe some pictures
T: We’ve lea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rnt about Kitty’s trip to Hong Kong Disneyland, and here are some pictures taken by Kitty. Look and try to describe them. Maybe you can tell us something about the Disneyland.
2. Read after the flash
T: Read after the flash. Pay attention to the pronunciation.
3. Retell the trip
T: Introduce the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) trip to Hong Kong Disneyland with the help of pictures and key words.
【设计意图：主题相关图片能快速有效地帮助学生回顾文章主体内容，flash能帮助学生正音，关键词和图片能帮助学生复述课文。】
Step 2 Language focus
Study the first language point
The teacher show ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the sentence with “have a fantastic time” and asks the students to find a phrase in the letter with the similar meaning. The teacher lists the similar phrases. Students translate a sentence into English.
Fill in the form
Students read the letter carefully and fill in the form.
The teacher show ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s the structure of the text and tells that these activities are organized in the time order.
【设计意图：学生读课文并完成表格， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )先找时间线索，再依次确定地点和活动，这也是一种阅读方法的指导。本活动中我们列出文章主线索，下面的设计将以此为据，依照步骤，在主人公的活动中学习相关语言点。】
Study the activities one by one and the other language points
(1) speed
The teacher introd ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uces the phrases “at high speed” “at low speed” and “at a speed of ...” and asks students to complete the sentences with the help of pictures.
(2) hurry
The teacher shows ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) some phrases of “hurry”. Use a picture of hare and tortoise and complete three sentences to make a comparison.
(3) characters, such as & for example
The tea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cher shows some pictures of Disney cartoon characters so that students can have a better understanding. Introduce Snow White and Mickey Mouse.
The teac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )her shows another sentences with “for example”, and invites students to find the differences between “such as” and “for example”. Translate two sentences into English using these two phrases.
(4) parade
The teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) plays a clip of video to help understand the meaning of “a parade”.
(5) run after, can’t stop doing
The teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uses two pictures to help students understand “run after” and asks them to think why Tom the cat seldom catches Jerry the mouse.
Students thin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k about people’s reactions in two conditions, and try to make more sentences.
(6) pie, magic, a 4-D film
The teacher uses a picture to help understand “apple pie”.
The teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )introduces “a 4-D film”, “a 3-D film” and “a 2-D film” and asks if students know the differences. The teacher explains that “D” represents “dimensional” and uses some pictures to help understand.
(7) a couple of
The teacher sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ows the meanings of “a couple of” and “couple”, asks the students to do some exercise and introduces an English saying (not every couple is a pair).
(8) at the end of
The teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) lists some phrases with “end” and asks students to list the opposite ones. Students translate three sentences into English.
4. Complete the story
The teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shows a passage about the story of Kitty’s dream and asks the students to complete it using the words we’ve learnt.
【设计意图：在语言点的教学中，教师试图出 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )示足够多的示例，在真实的情境中引导学生总结出词的不同用法，随即让学生用这些词组去造句，实际运用中又巩固了这一语言点，语言点讲解注意到拓展学生知识面，介绍英语习语，并引导学生学会独立思考。语言点讲解结束后，教师自编了一篇与主题相关的文章，让学生用刚学到的短语填空，操练了重点语言点，巩固了学生对词义的理解。】
Step 3 Extension
Know the transitions
(1) The usage of transitions.
T: We know ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )there are six events during the trip. In which order does the writer organize them And how does she connect the ideas of the passage Can you circle them Yes, they are called transitions. Then, what are transitions ’
(2) The definition of transitions
The teacher ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) shows the definition, uses some pictures to help understand, and gives an example.
(3) List more transitions
【设计意图：连接词，又被 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )称为胶水词，在习作中起着重要的作用。本环节初步介绍了其用法、定义，并列举了足够多的范例，有助于引导学生在日后的习作中运用它们。】
Know how to make inferences
The teacher t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ells the students “why and how should we make inferences”, introduces an inference chart, and gives an example. Students work in groups to make more inferences.
【设计意图：做出推断是较为高级 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的思维活动，也是学生阅读理解类题目的难点和失分点。本环节的设计介绍了其意义，并设计了表格帮助学生形成思维图像，教师示范进行一次推断，并请学生在组内进行讨论，有助于训练学生的思维，鼓励学生灵活运用所学的知识，从而提高学生的综合语言运用能力。】
Write a similar article
Students write ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )another trip paragraph by paragraph, use the writer’s checklist to check their writing.
【设计意图：读写结合应成为我国中学英语阅 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )读教学的落脚点。采用“以读促写”的教学法，循序渐进地帮助学生完成一篇简单的游记，让学生认识到只有在有意义的交流中语言能力才能得到提高。】
V. Homework
1. Finish the writing.
2. Read about more trips and share them in the class.英语（八年级下册）
Unit 2 Travelling
Reading (I)
扬州市邗江区美琪学校 卞明星
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. guess the meanings of the new words from the context;
2. retell Kitty’s trip to Hong Kong;
3. make a short plan for a trip.
II. Teaching contents
1. New words a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd phrases: miss, fantastic, indoor, roller coaster, speed, ride, cartoon, character, such, parade, magic, pie, feel, couple, castle, hurry to, on the way, such as, a couple of, at the end of, enjoy oneself
2. New structure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s: My parents and I have been in Hong Kong for two days.
It was the best part of the day.
I’m sure you’ll love them.
I know you’ve gone to Hainan.
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1. To use different reading skills to learn Reading.
2. To introduce trip plans to others.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Pre-reading
1. Watch and discuss
Play a short video and talk about Disney.
(1) What did you see
(2) Do you like watching Disney films
(3) What is your favourite one Why
(4) Do you want to visit Disneyland
(5) What do you want to do there
2. Short introduction to Hong Kong Disneyland
Shows a picture of Ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng Kong Disneyland and gives a short introduction.
3. Make a prediction
T: Kitty is visitin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g Hong Kong during this winter holiday. She has written a letter to Millie about Hong Kong Disneyland. It’s called “A trip to Hong Kong”. What would you like to know about the trip
【设计意图：通过迪斯尼宣传视频引入 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )新课，快速导入本课主题，动画片宣传了积极的情感，可以引起学生情感的共鸣。预测活动提醒学生注意记叙文的几大要素，可在学习文章时验证自己的猜测，从而增加他们学习课文的兴趣。】
Step 2 While-reading
1. Skimming
T: Skim the wh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ole passage and see where you can find the answers to when, who, where, how and what.
T: Let’s divide the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) passage into three parts according to the answers.
T: Look at the mi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd map of the passage. Pay attention to the structure of the passage.
2. Scanning
(1) Scan Paragraph 1 and fill in the form.
(2) Scan Paragraphs 2-6 to find the activities.
Show the tips of scanning.
List the acti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vities and use pictures to help students understand the activities.
3. The use of “transitions”
T: How did the writ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er connect the ideas The writer puts the events in the order of space, time or logic
T: “Transiti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ons” between paragraphs show time or sequences, and they help connect the ideas. With the help of them, the story has a clear sequence.
4. Careful reading
Read the passage carefully, and find the detailed information.
(1) Paragraph 2 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ): What is the Space Mountain How was it How do we know that
(2) Paragraph 3: Can you guess why they hurried Maybe ...
Use pictures to help students understand “Disney cartoon characters”.
(3) Paragraph 4: How was the parade How do we know that
Why was the film like magic
Explain what the 4-D film is.
(4) Paragraph 5: What did Kitty buy What did Kitty think of them
(5) Paragraph 6: How about the fireworks
5. Further thinking
T: How did Kitt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y feel during the trip Writers don’t always tell us exactly how a character is feeling. We need to find clues from the article. Read Kitty’s letter again to find the sentences that show her feelings.
【设计意图：略读——寻读——细读 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，层层深入，引导学生运用不同的阅读技巧完成任务，引导学生体会表示时间和顺序的连接词的用法，以读促写，为后面的游记写作埋下伏笔。教给学生推断的方法，引导他们关注细节，体会字里行间所表达的情感，提高阅读技能。】
Step 3 Post-reading
1. Retell the story
T: Retell Kitty’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) trip with the help of pictures and key words. Pay attention to when, where, who, how and what. Don’t forget to use the transitions.
【设计意图：检查学生本课时的学习效果。】
2. Make a summary
T: A travel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) note usually includes three parts: introduction, main body and ending. In the introduction part, we often talks about when, who, where and how. We often tell what happens in the order of time. The transitions can help to make the article clearer. Remember that a lot of details are needed too.
【设计意图：总结游记类文章常见的写法，帮助学生回顾本文的结构和特点。】
3. Make a trip plan
(1) Present some pictures about Hainan.
T: Kitty had a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )good time at Disneyland. I’m sure that before she went to Hong Kong, she must make a plan for her trip. So, can you make a plan for Millie’s trip to Hainan First, let’s see some pictures about attractions in Hainan.
(2) Work in groups of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )four and discuss what they can do and where they can go in Hainan.
T: Work in groups ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of four. Discuss what Millie can do there. You should choose one member to take notes and prepare for the report. Look at the screen. You can make your report like this.
【设计意图：本环节设计了让学生制定出游计划的活动，旨在让学生明白在出游前应制定计划，同时也为下一节课叙述自己的出游经历做铺垫。】
V. Homework
1. Remember the new words, phrases and structures.
2. Choose one place as your destination and make your own trip plan.英语（八年级下册）
Unit 2 Travelling
Task
扬州市邗江美琪学校 吴苑
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. organize their ideas by using fact files;
2. write about their holidays.
窗体底端
II. Teaching contents
1. New words and phras ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es: delicious, seafood, airport, relative, leave for, the next day, on the third day, the best part of the day
2. New structures: It took us … to fly to …
I love watching the interesting …
On the third day, we visited …
We enjoyed this trip very much.
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
To develop students’ writing ability.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Lead-in
T: Do you still r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )emember Kitty’s trip to Hong Kong Let’s have a look at her album. She went to Disneyland on the second day. What other places did she visit
【设计意图：通过Kitty的相册，帮助学生回忆她的香港之旅，并发现更多信息。】
Step 2 Pre-writing
1. Read Kitty’s fact file
T: Kitty plans to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )write about her trip to Hong Kong. She organized her ideas by using a fact file. First she wrote down the main points. Then she wrote down the details. Look at her fact file.
2. Complete Kitty’s article
3. Structure of Kitty’s article
T: Let’s read ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Kitty’s article and work out its structure. Underline key words and topic sentences because they can be helpful.
(1) Paragraph 1.
Introduction: when, where and who
(2) Paragraph 2-5.
Main body: w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat—the places to go, the activities to do and the food to eat
(3) Paragraph 6.
Conclusion: how—feelings
【设计意图：梳理范文，通过搜索关键词、主题句及细节内容确认段落大意及段落构成，帮助学生加深对范文的理解，了解范文结构。】
4. Useful expressions
T: Read the article ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )again and circle useful expressions. You can use the expressions in your own articles.
【设计意图：充分利用教材，赏析范文的遣词造句，帮助学生收集后续写作所需的词汇和句型。】
5. How to write
T: Let’s write our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) own article. First of all, choose a holiday. Then think of when, where, who and how (the way of transportation). Now write an introduction about our trip to Suzhou.
T: Now we’ll m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ove to the main body. What can we learn from Kitty’s article
(1) Think about three or four main points.
(2) Write one or two sentences to support each point.
(3) Organize the ideas in time order.
(4) Use the simple past tense.
(5) Use adjectives and adverbs to make your article more interesting.
It’s time for practice ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). Think about main points and details. We can write three paragraphs about the trip to Nanjing. And remember to organize the ideas in proper order.
T: Let’s come to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )last part, conclusion. We should write about the feelings in this part. Try to write a conclusion about your trip to Hainan Island.
【设计意图：本部分是本节写作课教 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学的重、难点之一。通过对教材范文三个部分的详细分析，帮助学生拓展思维，理清思路，了解每个部分的写作侧重点和写作方法。每个部分的练习都是按照先收集要点和细节，后落笔成文的顺序来设计。多个针对性小练习，紧扣本课的中心任务，充分挖掘教材自身素材，提供了四种不同类型的旅游信息，包括爬山、观海、参观博物馆和欣赏园林。练习开阔了学生的写作视角，为后面的写作提供了素材和范例，为整体写作铺设了台阶，降低了写作难度。】
6. Write good sentences
(1) Complete sentences.
T: A complete ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sentence has a subject and a verb. It states a complete thought.
a. We visited some museums.
b. They were great fun.
T: Look at the scre ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en. How can we build a house We should join subject bricks and verb bricks together to build a wall.
【设计意图：在平时的写作中，学生常常忽略句子的完整性，本环节通过强化指导，帮助学生纠正和巩固句式表达。】
(2) Different expressions.
T: When we write, we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) can use different ways to express our thoughts and opinions. Please rewrite the two sentences.
【设计意图：通过训练多样的句式表达，提高学生遣词造句的能力。】
Step 3 While-writing
1. Enjoy a video
2. Discussion
T: Work in gro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ups of three and discuss your holidays. Write down the information on when, where, who, what and how.
3. Make the fact file
T: Make your own fact file and share it with your partner.
4. Write the first draft
T: Write your first dr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )aft now. Remember your article should have a complete structure, clear and effective information and good sentences. You can use the outline on the screen as a model.
【设计意图：让学生按照所教导的步骤独立完成初稿，实现写作任务的整体输出。】
Step 4 Post-writing
1. Revise
T: It’s importan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t to make some revisions after you finish your draft.
(1) We can move se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntences or paragraphs to the right place, cut out unnecessary details and add new materials. Try to revise your writing by yourself.
(2) Read you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r article carefully and look for mistakes in grammar, spelling, punctuation and capitalization.
【设计意图：通过修改示范初稿，指导学生不断改善自己的习作。】
2. Rewrite
【设计意图：通过示范写作， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )让学生完整感受应如何完成一篇文章，将过程取向写作教学模式和本课写作内容进行有机结合。不同的写作步骤各有侧重，层次清晰，环环相扣，很好实现了从输入到输出的跨越。】
3. Assess
T: Work in pairs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and assess your partner’s article according to the assessment table.
【设计意图：设计量化评价表，让学生在多层评价中进一步发现问题，并享受成功，本环节可为提高学生的写作能力起到积极的推动作用。】
5. Summary
T: I’m sure now you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have a better understanding about how to write about your holidays. Let’s review what we have learnt in this class.
【设计意图：课堂总结，巩固已学知识。】
V. Homework
1. Talk about your holidays with your friends.
2. Choose one of yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ur holidays. Make a fact file and write another article.英语（八年级下册）
Unit 2 Travelling
Comic strip & Welcome to the unit
扬州市美琪学校 王健
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. master the new words, phrases and sentence structures;
2. describe different places of interest;
3. develop the ability to work in groups.
II. Teaching contents
1. New words and phr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ases: travelling, hey, the Great Wall, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, The Little Mermaid, the Statue of Liberty, the Sydney Opera House, Tower Bridge
2. New structures: I’m going to South Hill for my holiday.
I’ve been there before.
Get ready.
I’m getting all my things.
I don’t think it’ll be a holiday for me.
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1. To master the new words, phrases and sentence structures.
2. To talk about places of interest from around the world.
IV. Teaching procedures
Comic strip
Step 1 Lead-in
Watch a video
T: Let’s watch a short video first.
T: We see many places ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of interest in the video. Do you want to see them with your own eyes Do you like travelling/traveling
T: Most of you love t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ravelling. Eddie and Hobo love travelling too. They’re planning a holiday now. Let’s listen to their conversation and find out where they’re going.
【设计意图：通过视频导入本 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )单元的主题Travelling，介绍travelling/traveling两种拼写方法，然后过渡到Eddie和Hobo的出游计划，引出课本漫画部分的内容。】
Step 2 Presentation
1. Listen and answer
(1) Where is Eddie going
(2) Does Hobo want to go too
(3) What does Hobo want to bring
2. Watch and discuss
(1) Why does Eddie agree to take Hobo
(2) Why doesn’t Eddie think it will be a holiday for him
【设计意图：通过简单的听、说训练，让学生了解漫画的内容，然后通过讨论更深一层的问题，让学生找到笑点，活跃课堂气氛。】
Step 3 Practice
1. Listen and repeat
T: Now let’s read a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )fter the tape. Pay attention to your pronunciation and intonation.
2. Complete the passage
Eddie is going on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a trip to South Hill. Hobo has been there before and he wants to Eddie. Eddie agrees. Hobo is very and he all his things with him.
Poor Eddie! It wi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ll not be a for him, because he has to Hobo’s heavy bag.
【设计意图：将对话转换为小短文，可以检测学生对漫画内容的掌握情况，同时也可以检测他们的信息转换能力。】
3. Read and act
4. Group discussion
T: Hobo wants to bring ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) everything with him when he goes on holiday. Is it necessary What do you usually bring with you when travelling
Welcome to the unit
Step 1 Lead-in
1. Places of interest in Yangzhou
T: Do you kno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w these places of interest in Yangzhou Have you ever been to these places
T: What other places of interest did you visit in China
2. Places of interest in China
T: You have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )been to so many places of interest. Now I will show you more pictures of places of interest in China.
Step 2 Presentation
1. The six places of interest
The Great Wall 长城 Beijing China
Tower Bridge 塔桥 London Britain
Sydney Opera House 悉尼歌剧院 Sydney Australia
Statue of Liberty 自由女神像 New York America
Leaning Tower of Pisa 比萨斜塔 Pisa Italy
Little Mermaid 美人鱼雕塑 Copenhagen Denmark
T: What’s this
S: It’s the Great Wall/the Statue of Liberty/…
T: Where is it
S: It’s in Beijing, China/New York, the USA/…
T: What’s special about it
S: It’s the longest ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) wall in the world./It is a present from France. It stands for liberty./…
2. Read the names of the six places of interest
3. Finish part A
4. Match the places of interest with their countries
【设计意图：通过朗读和练习帮助学生巩固风景名胜的有关知识，使学生得到充分输入，为接下来的环节积累语言素材。】
5. Play a guessing game
(1) It is the longest wall in the world. (the Great Wall)
(2) It is a present ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) from French people. It stands for liberty. (the Statue of Liberty)
(3) It is leaning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). It may fall down some day. (the Leaning Tower of Pisa)
(4) The girl has a fish’s tail instead of legs. (the Little Mermaid)
(5) Its roof looks l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike a ship’s sails. It is in Australia. (the Sydney Opera House)
(6) It is a large ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bridge over the River Thames in London. It has twin towers. (Tower Bridge)
【设计意图：通过猜谜让学生复习本课学过的风景名胜，帮助他们进一步巩固。】
Step 3 Practice
1. Listen and answer
T: Listen to Part B carefully and answer the following questions.
(1) What are Daniel and Millie talking about
(2) What’s special about it
【设计意图：通过听力的训练，培养学生听取信息的能力。】
2. Make up new conversations
T: Please work in p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )airs and make up new conversations. You can use the information in Part A to help you.
3. Make a report
T: I know you h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ave been to many other famous places. Please write a short passage about one of them. You can include the following information: What is it Where is it What is special about it Then I’ll choose some of you to make a report before the class.
【设计意图：先让学生利用A部分中的信息 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，模仿B部分设计对话；然后让学生从what、where、special things三个方面，谈论自己去过的地方。通过训练帮助学生巩固所学内容，同时锻炼他们的语言交际能力。】
4. Talk about travelling
T: Most of you like t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ravelling. Please work in groups and talk about what you can get from travelling
【设计意图：通过小组讨论总结旅行的意义，培养学生高雅的情趣。】
V. Homework
1. Find more information about places of interest.
2. Preview Reading.英语（八年级下册）
Unit 2 Travelling
Integrated skills
扬州市邗江区公道中学 代久芬
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. get the useful information while listening;
2. master some listening skills;
3. give some advice about travelling;
4. talk about holiday plans.
II. Teaching contents
1. New words and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )phrases: except, mountain, business, direct, beauty, seaside, sailing, view, fight, places of natural beauty, seaside cities, water sports, theme parks, all year around, at this time of year, on business, take a direct flight
2. New structures: I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t is dangerous to climb the mountains or hills on cold and snowy days.
The best time to go there is in spring or autumn.
Do you have any plans for the May Day holiday
By the way, how long does it take to fly to Chengdu
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1. To use the important words and phrases correctly.
2. To give some advice about travelling and talk about holiday plans.
IV. Teaching procedures
A Travelling in China
Step 1 Lead-in
1. Free talk
T: Last summe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r, my family and I visited Hainan except my husband. He was in Beijing on business. We took a direct flight to Hainan and had a good time there.
Read new words and phrases.
2. Watch and discuss
T: Now let’s en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )joy a video about Hainan and then talk about travelling.
(1) Do you like travelling Why？
(2) Where have you been in China before What did you do there
(3) If you have a long holiday, where do you want to go Why
【设计意图：通过观看视频 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，从学生感兴趣的话题入手，快速吸引他们的注意力，导入本课时主题。在语境中引出语言点，帮助学生扫清听力中的生词障碍。】
Step 2 Listening
1. Places for travelling
T: Different people en ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )joy different places. Which do you like, Chinese gardens, museums, places of natural beauty, seaside cities or theme parks
(1) If I enjoy C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hinese gardens, what cities do you think I can travel to
(2) If I enjoy museums, what cities do you think I can travel to
(3) If I enjoy plac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es of natural beauty, what places can you think of
(4) If I enjoy s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )easide cities, do you know what cities I can travel to
(5) If I enjoy theme parks, do you know what cities I can travel to
【设计意图：根据学生的回答将旅行地 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )进行分类，同样在自然交流的语境中呈现新词，扫清听力中的生词障碍，并且帮助学生初步了解听力内容，降低听力理解的难度。】
2. Complete Part A1
T: Five students ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e talking about the kinds of places they like best. What kinds of places do they like best Let’s listen and find out.
Tip: Catch the key words.
3. Make sentences according to Part A1
【设计意图：该练习需要学生整合、转化 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )听力材料，鼓励他们用不一样的动词或动词词组来造句，发展他们的发散性思维。本环节可为后续的听力任务及交流活动进行铺垫。】
4. Group discussion
T: Look at the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )form in Part A2 and try to make predictions before listening.
(1) What’s the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) best season to visit Chinese gardens/museums/places of natural beauty/seaside cities/theme parks
(2) Why is it the best season to visit there
【设计意图：听力策略中，预测方法尤为重要， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )它是建立在个人知识、经验和推理等基础之上的复杂活动。听前通过小组讨论问题的形式，引导学生对听的内容进行预测，在知识准备和语言环境两方面为接下来的听力任务做好铺垫。】
5. Complete Part A2
Tip: Catch the key words.
【设计意图：在预测后做听力可降低听的难度。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在核对答案时，让学生检查自己的猜测是否和听力材料一致。对于猜测正确率高的学生给予鼓励，可极大提高他们参与课堂活动的热情。】
Step 3 Practice
1. Complete Part A3
Tip: Use the information in A1 and A2.
【设计意图：本部分全面考查了学生的信息转换和运用能力，这种加工整理的过程有助于他们理解、输出所听内容。】
2. Pair work
T: Work in pairs. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Suppose one student is a foreigner who wants to visit China, and the other student is a Chinese who will offer the foreigner some advice.
【设计意图：本环节要求学生学以致用，能有一定质量的语言输出，以此提高学生信息转换和运用的能力。】
B Speak up: I’m going to visit Chengdu.
Step 1 Listening
1. Listen and answer
T: Simon and A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )my are also talking about their holiday plans. Please listen to their conversation and find out the answer to this question: What’s Amy’s plan for the May Day holiday
2. Listen and read
T: Listen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to the conversation again and read in pairs. Pay attention to the liaison and loss of explosion.
【设计意图：本环节目的在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )于让学生学习地道的英语发音，注意词与词之间的连读、失去爆破。这些其实也是听力中的障碍，听说是互相促进的，教师可再次强调新词汇及短语。】
3. Useful expressions
【设计意图：总结并巩固重点句型，帮助学生做到学以致用。】
Step 2 Practice
1. Make a survey
T: Talk about your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )holiday plans in groups of four. You can use the expressions on the screen as models. You may also ask some questions.
T: Take notes and f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill in the form while listening. Remember to use the listening skills you’ve learnt.
T: Make a repo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rt about your group members’ holiday plans to the whole class. You can use the sentences on the screen to help you.
【设计意图：小组调查是一项综合性活动，涉及 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )到听、说、写等多方面能力的训练。在完成课本相关听力训练并讲解了听力技巧后，我们需要这样真实的存在信息差的综合活动让学生在实践中操练并提高听力技巧，组内合作可以强带弱，提高学生的合作意识，让学生共同进步。】
2. Summary
T: Let’s enjoy a short video.
T: Travelling is a good way to relax! Enjoy travelling! Enjoy life!
【设计意图：学生观赏一段录像，体会世界的美丽及旅行的魅力，鼓励他们成为热爱生活的人。】
V. Homework
1. Revise the new words and phrases.
2. Ask more friends ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )about their holiday plans and then write a report.英语（八年级下册）
Unit 2 Travelling
Study skills
扬州市教育科学研究院 张利琴
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. know what main points and details are;
2. distinguish between main points and details;
3. learn how to use t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he skill in their reading and organize ideas in their writing.
II. Teaching contents
New words and phrases: point, main points
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
To learn how to use the skill in reading and writing.
IV. Teaching procedures
Step 1 Lead-in
1. Show two idea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) webs (an umbrella and a house) and the other three pictures
2. Tell the stud ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ents “main points and details” is a reading skill as well as a writing skill
【设计意图：首先精选代表要点与细节 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )关系的伞状图及房屋框架图以及其他几幅图片，引出本节课要学习的主要内容“要点与细节”，指出这既是一种重要的阅读技能也是写作技能。】
Step 2 Presentation
1. Definitions of topic, main point and details
Let the students k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )now “To read or write well, they need to understand the definitions of the three concepts.”
2. Relationships between topic, main point and details
Show the stude ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts an idea web “Topics, Main Ideas (Points) and Details” to help them understand the relationships between the main point and details.
Show the students th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e frame of a house to illustrate that topics, main ideas or points, and details work together.
3. Identification of topic, main point and details
Present a passage ab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out smoking and illustrate how to identify a topic, the main points and details. Put more on the identification of main points and details.
(1) How to determine the topic
a. Tips
◆ Ask yourself “Who or what is the passage about ”
◆ Look carefully a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the title. Often the general topic is one of the words in the title.
◆ Look for clue words ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) or phrases that are used repeatedly. Often that word or phrase is the general topic of the article.
b. Ask the students to identify the topic of the passage.
(2) How to determine the main idea
a. Tips
◆ Ask Yourself … What is this passage mostly about
Why did the writer write this passage
◆ The main idea is sometimes expressed in the topic sentence.
◆ Figure out the implied main idea in your own words.
b. Ask the students to identify the main idea of the passage Smoking.
c. Ask the students t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o read four short passages. Ask them to find out the main ideas (MI) or the topic sentences (TS) for the first three passages and then figure out the main point of the fourth one.
The writer may place ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the main idea in the beginning of the paragraph, in the middle, or in the last part of the paragraph. If the main idea is not stated, the readers have to determine the main idea themselves.
(3) How to find (supporting) details
a. Tips
◆ Decide which details help to further the storyline.
◆ Decide which details help you to understand the main idea.
◆ Turn the main ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) idea into a question by asking who, what, when, where, why, or how The answer will give a set of details.
b. Importance of supporting details
◆ Details help yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u to better understand the main idea and see the big picture.
◆ Details make the main idea stronger and more interesting.
◆ Details help the writing flow.
c. Ask the students ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to identify the three details which help to support the main idea “Smoking is bad for your health.”
4. Conclusion
T: From the passage ab ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )out smoking, we are getting to understand the main idea or point and details. Every story or paragraph has a main idea. Main idea is like the heart of the text or a paragraph. All the supporting details in the text or within a paragraph should tell us more about the main idea.
【设计意图：整体呈现主要的学习内容 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，激活学生的认知需求。首先简明扼要地定义主题、要点与细节，然后利用形象的图片直观地阐述这三者之间的关系。通过实例引领学生发现相关阅读技能，阐述在阅读活动中如何辨别三者，重点放在要点与细节上。适时总结，帮助学生更好地理解三者间的关系: 要点是文章的心脏，所有的支撑细节都是以此为中心的。】
Step 3 Reading Practice
1. Check how well the students understand details
Present two sho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rt articles. Let the students say which detail or sentence does not support the main point. And then, ask the students to explain the reasons.
2. Check how well the students understand main points or ideas
Present a pass ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )age about Benjamin Franklin. The passage has four paragraphs. Ask the students to choose the correct main idea for each paragraph and analyze their choices.
(1) The main point for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Paragraph 1 is stated in the first sentence. The remaining sentences give examples to support it.
(2) The main point fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r Paragraph 2 is stated in the last sentence. The first three sentences give details to explain it.
(3) The main po ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )int for Paragraph 3 is stated within the paragraph and then restated at the end.
(4) The main point for ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Paragraph 4 is stated in the first sentence. The remaining sentences give examples to prove it.
(5) First and last sentences in the paragraph are usually helpful.
3. Check how well the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )students understand the topic, main points and details
Present a pas ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sage about Canada. Ask the students to identify the topic, main point and details. Then ask them to locate the topic, main point and major and minor details in the paragraph.
【设计意图：让学生阅读四篇文章，在阅读活动中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )运用相应技能来检测学生本节课学习的效果。先让学生剔除不能支撑要点的细节，再让学生找出每段的主题句，最后让学生阅读一篇文章，说出相应的主题、要点与细节，并要求学生在文中找出相关的句子。活动难度逐步增加，有一定的梯度，由分项到综合，同时也与开头形成呼应。阅读技能是学生写作的有力支撑，该环节也为下面在写作中运用本课的学习技能做了充足准备。】
Step 4 Writing Practice
1. Kitty’s day at Hong Kong Disneyland
T: We can use the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) skill of “main points and details” when writing about an experience or event or some other genre of writing.
T: Let’s illustrate ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) it with the example of Kitty’s day at Hong Kong Disneyland.
3. Writing Tips on main points and details
(1) Choose several supporting points about the topic.
(2) Stay on the point.
(3) Provide enough specific details to support the main points.
4. The Taiwan Earthquake
Take Taiwan Earthquake ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) as an example to illustrate that strong supporting evidence is at the heart of effective writing.
5. Writing your own paragraph
Ask students to wri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te their own paragraphs, using main points and details properly.
Before that, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the teacher demonstrates how to write a good paragraph step by step.
Then, the st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )udents are asked to write their own paragraphs according to the requirements.
【设计意图：要点与细节是非常重要的一个写作 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )技能。先结合本单元的课文，分析在写作一个经历或事件时应如何选择要点及支撑细节，再点拨相关写作技巧，并以Taiwan Earthquake课文为例来强调有效写作的中心是为要点提供有力的细节支撑。接着是范文引路，最后是写作实践。由易到难、逐步开放的阅读及写作训练很好地检测本节学习技能课的目标达成度。】
Step 5 Conclusion
T: Writing is like s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )occer. You want to stay with your ideas. Adding supporting details is like kicking the soccer ball all the way down field to score the final goal.
【设计意图：通过比喻，概括本节课的学习要点及该技能的重要性。】英语（八年级下册）
Unit 2 Travelling
Grammar
扬州市邗江美琪学校 余慧
I. Teaching aims and learning objectives：
By the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. know the usages of have/has been and have/has gone;
2. use for and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )since to express a period of time in the present perfect tense;
3. use proper verbs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to show a continuous state in the present perfect tense.
II. Teaching contents：
1. New words and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) phrases: sand, over, marry, dead, on the first day of, dolphin show
2. New structures: Millie and Amy have been to South Hill.
Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong.
I see Andy playing on the sand too.
Mr Dong has lived here for many years.
Mr Dong has lived here since he was born.
III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1. The differ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ence between have/has been and have/has gone, for and since.
2. Verbs used for a continuous state.
IV. Teaching procedures
A Using have/has been and have/has gone
Step 1 Presentation & observation
1. Present have/has been by self-introduction
T: I like travelli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng very much. I have been to many places. Look! Where have I been to Yes, Hong Kong.
T: I went ther ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e on 16th February and stayed there for one week. Today is 17th March, and I am already back. So I can say I have been to Hong Kong.
T: I have also been t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o Hainan and I have been to Xi’an twice, but I have never been to Maldives.
【设计意图：教师通过介绍自己的旅行经历，向学生输入目标语法：have/has been to。】
T: Would you p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lease share your travelling experiences with me You can use “have/has been to” to ask and answer in pairs like this.
2. Ask the students to introduce the places they have been to
【设计意图：要求学生介绍自己去过的地方，在语境中进行操练。】
3. Present have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/has gone by introducing Sun Li and Deng Chao’s experiences
T: This is my frie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd, Sun Li. She followed my advice and went to Hong Kong two days ago, and she sent me a photo just now. She is still there in Disneyland. Oh, she has gone to Hong Kong.
T: Where is her h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )usband, Deng Chao He is not in Hong Kong; he has gone to Hangzhou to prepare for the second season of the programme Runnning Man.
【设计意图：用孙俪和邓超此刻所处的地点来进行目标语法have/has gone to的输入】
Step 2 Working out the rules
Help the students fin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d out the differences between the two sentence structures by observing the sentences.
T: Do you know th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e differences between “have/has gone to” and “have/has been to”
T: If we say someon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e has been to some place, we mean that someone has visited the place sometime in his life. In other words, “has been to” refers to an experience.
T: However, we u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se “have/has gone to” to express the idea that someone went to a place but has not returned yet.
【设计意图：引导学生对比have/has gone to和have/has been to这两组例句，观察并总结两者差异。】
Step 3 Practice
1. Finish Part A1
2. Describe the schedule
T: This is Deng Ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ao and his friends’ schedule in the recent months. Work in pairs and use “have/has been and have/has gone” to talk about their schedule. You can use the dialogue on the screen as a model.
【设计意图：让学生在语境中运用两个目标语法。】
B Verbs with for and since
Step 1 Presentation & observation
Present the usages of for and since by introducing the schedule.
T: Look at De ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng Chao’s schedule: how long has he stayed in Hangzhou He went there in March and he is still there at present, so he has stayed there since March. It has been a month since he went there. So we also can say “He has stayed there for a month.”
T: Sun Li went to Hong ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Kong two days ago and she is still there at present. In other words, she has stayed there since two days ago, or she has stayed there for three days.
【设计意图：用孙俪和邓超的行程来引入for和since的用法。】
Step 2 Working out the rules
Help the students find out the differences and rules.
T: Can you find out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the differences between for and since Great! We can add a time point in the past after “since” and use “for” when we talk about a period of time.
【设计意图：引导学生观察语言现象，总结语法规律，发现两者差异。】
Step 3 Practice
Fill in the blanks
T: Use since or for to fill in the blanks.
【设计意图：操练并检查学生对for和since的掌握情况。】
Step 4 Presentation
Explain how to use th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e continuous state of a verb properly in the present perfect tense with the help of the schedule.
T: We know that Deng C ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hao went to Hangzhou in March, so we can say he has gone to Hangzhou. It has been a month since he went there, but it is wrong of us to say he has gone there for a month. The verb “go” is a non-continuous verb. So it is proper to say he has been in Hangzhou for a month.
T: Zheng Kai has le ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ft Chongqing, and it has been some days. Zheng Kai has been away from Chongqing for some days.
T: This form ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) shows more about how to show a continuous state in the present perfect tense.
【设计意图：用跑男们的行程表配合时间轴来将短暂性、动词延续性动词的用法具体化、直观化，并列出常用表。】
Step 5 Practice
1. Fill the blanks with have/has been or have/has gone
2. Finish the profile
T: Please finish my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) best friend Betty’s profile. Pay attention to the verbs used in a continuous state.
3. Complete the passage
T: Kitty is te ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lling Millie about her trip in Hong plete what she says with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
【设计意图：在句子、短文的语境中巩固延续性动词的用法。】
4. Write about the running men’s schedule
T: Let’s hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a look at the running men’s schedule again. Now use the grammar points we’ve learnt today to write about their experiences. You can follow the tips on the screen.
【设计意图：要求学生用本节课所学的语法知识来描述跑男们的日程表，在语用中将语法知识内化为自己的语言技能。】
V. Homework
Use the gram ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mar items we’ve learnt today to write down your travelling experiences.
