2024-2025学年人教版九年级英语全册 定语从句讲解与练习（含答案）

九年级语法：定语从句
定义：
对名词和代词起限定修饰作用的从句就是定语从句
定语的作用
位置：
2个单词的定语要后置， 从句至少有两个单词
所以定语从句的位置在所修饰的名词或代词后
类型：
限制性定语从句
限定修饰先行词的定语从句， 是句子不可缺少的组成部分。
先行词和定语从句之间没有逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句
对先行词的补充说明， 没有也不影响主句意思的完整。
先行词和定语从句之间须用逗号隔开。
一、限制性定语从句：
定语从句修饰限定的词叫先行词 (先于定语从句出现的名词/代词)
>主句&从句的区别： 从句有引导从句的词
引导定语从句的词叫关系词 (关乎联系到主句和定语从句， 指代先行词在从句中充当成分)
eg:
莉莉是一个有着长头发的美丽女孩。
Lily is a beautiful girl who has long hair.
先行词 关系词 从句
*who 在此处指代先行词 girl， 在从句中充当主语
把该句话拆解为2个简单句：
Lily is a beautiful girl. She has long hair.
1.结构：
……+先行词 关系词+从句
注意：定语从句 (翻译为“……的”)
2.关系词：
关系代词 ( that、 which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as)
关系副词 ( when、 where、 why)
（1）关系代词 (有人和物之分) 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语
关系代词 先行词 关系代词充当成分 例句
that 人/物 主语 宾语 表语 The people that/ who come to
visit this city are all Chinese.
( that在从句里作主语)
which 物 主语 宾语 . Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which在从句里作主语)
who 人 主语 宾语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. ( who在从句里作主语)
whom 人 宾语 Mr. Su is the person ( whom) you talked about.
whose 人/物 定语 He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
注意 1：
>关系代词作宾语可省略， 作其他成分不可省略。但紧跟在介词后的关系代词不可省略。
>介词后的关系代词只有 which (物) 与 whom (人) , 不能用 that和 who作宾语。
> whose后紧跟名词。
注意 2：只能用 that, 不能用 which/ who/ whom的情况:
(1)先行词同时含有人和物时
I can remember the people and buildings ( that) I saw in Beijing.
(2)先行词被序数词修饰时
He was the second person that got to the classroom.
(3)先行词被最高级修饰时
John is the strongest man that I know.
(4)先行词是指物的不定代词时(如 something/ anything/ nothing/ everything/ the one/ all等)
Is there anything that you want to buy in the market
(5)先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时
Lee is the only person that I know in our class.
(6)先行词所在的主句是 who/ which开头的句子时
Who is the girl that is singing
注意 3：用 who,而不用 that的一些情况
(1)先行词是 one， anyone等指人的不定代词时。
One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
Don't tell anyone about the news who oughtn't to know it.
(2)先行词是 those时
Those who helped us in trouble should be remembered.
注意 4：the way(先行词) +定语从句, 有三种表达形式:
(1) the way + that
(2) the way + in which
(3) the way + 从句(省略了 that 或 in which)
eg: I never like the way( in which/ that) he speaks to you.我不喜欢他和你说话的方式
(2)关系副词在从句中作状语， 关系副词可变成“介词+关系代词”的形式
关系副词 →介词+关系代词 先行词 充当成分 例句
when→in/ on/ during which 时间 时间状语 I' ll never forget the day when ( on which) I met you. 我永远不会忘记遇见你的那天。
where →in/ at/ on which 地点 地点状语 Shanghai is the place where ( in which) I was born. 上海是我的出生地。
why→for which 原因 ( reason) 原因状语 Is this the reason why ( for which) you are late for class 你就是你迟到的原因
注意 1：关系副词可以换成“介词+ which”，“介词+ which”不一定能换成关系副词。
eg:
Is this the reason why ( for which) you are late for class 你就是你迟到的原因
The computer for which I paid 6000 yuan is made in Shenzhen.我花了六千元买的这电脑是在深圳造的。
【 pay… for…“为…付(钱)”, 先行词不是 reason, 所以原句的 for which 不能替换成 why】
注意 2：当定语从句中的动词与介词是不能分割的固定短语时，介词不能放在关系代词之前， 否则会影响短语的意思和用法。
eg:
The boy( whom) my mother is looking after is getting better. ( )
The boy after whom my mother is looking is getting better. (×)
【解析: look after“照顾”, look和 after一旦分开就没有“照顾”的意思,所以不可以把 after放在关系代词 whom前】
注意 3：当定语从句中的动词与介词， 分开与否都不影响动词和介词的意思和用法时，两种表达都可以
eg:
The man with whom you talked just now is our teacher.
The man( whom) you talked with just now is our teacher.
【解析: talk和 with分开与否, 不影响 talk和 with的意思和用法】
>关系词没有 what， 不能用 what引导定语从句。
>关系代词作宾语可以省略， 作其他成分不可以省略。但紧跟在介词后的关系代词不可省略。
>介词后的关系代词只有 which (物) 与 whom (人) , 不能用 that和 who作宾语。
二、非限制性定语从句：
1 .从句和先行词间用逗号隔开
2 .非限制性定语从句 (通常译成主句的并列句， 关系词有意思) ：
eg: The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
这幢房子很漂亮， 是我们上个月买的。
限制性定语从句 (中英表达顺序相反， 关系词无意思) ：
eg: This is the house ( which/ that) we bought last month.
这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。
3.关系代词有 which/ who/ whom/ whose, 没有 that。不可以省略。
4.关系副词有 when/ where, 没有 why, why用“ for + which”替代。
5 有“名词/代词/数词+ of + which”引导从句的形式。
eg:I have three pairs of shoes, all of which are very expensive.
我有三双鞋， 三双鞋都很贵。
6. 先行词可以是整个主句的内容，
用关系代词 which (理解为“这件事”) 指代, 或用 as (译作“正如”) 指代。
主要区别： as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前或主句后。
eg:
As we all know, he studies very hard.
= He studies very hard, as we all know.
【小试牛刀】
一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：
1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.
2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.
3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.
4. The students will not pass the exam . They don't study hard.
5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.
6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.
7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.
8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.
9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.
10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.
11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.
12. That's the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.
13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.
14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven't been handed in.
15. Is that the woman Her daughter is in my class.
16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.
17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.
18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.
19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.
20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.
二、选择填空：
1. The man ______ visited our school yesterday is from London.
A. Who B. which C. whom D. when
2. The woman ______ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
3. Because of my poor memory, all ______ you told me has been forgotten.
A. that B. which C. what D. as
4. Do you remember those days ______ we spent along the seashore very happily
A. when B. where C. which D. who
5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ______ he lost last week.
A. Which B. that C. whom D. as
6. Those _____ want to go please sign their names here.
A. Whom B. which C. who D. when
7. Where is the man ______ I met this morning
A. when B. where C. which8. Who is the woman ______ is sweeping the floor over there
A. who B./ C. that D. when
9. The man ______ you talked just now is a worker.
A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who
10. The man ______ you are going to make friends is my father's neighbour.
A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which
11. The doctor ______ is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking
12. The man ______ around our school is from America.
A. which you showed B. you showed him
C. you showed D. where you showed
13. He talked about a hero ______ no one had ever heard.
A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who
14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ______ were asked in French.
A. where B. who C. in which D. which
15. Have you read the book ______I lent to you
A. that B. whom C. when D. whose
16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ______ he had stolen to the police.
A. That B. which C. whatever D. all
17. The foreign guests, ______ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those
18. This is the very letter ______ came last night.
A. who B. which C. that D. as
19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ______ knows better than I.
A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one
20. This is the school ______ we visited three days ago.
A. Where B./ C. when D. what
21. This is the factory ______ we worked a year ago.
A. Where B. that C. which D. on which
22. Nearby were two canoes ______ they had come to the island.
A. which B. in which C. that D./
23. Jack is pleased with ______ you have given him and all ______ you have told him.
A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which
24. Do you work near the building ______ colour is yellow
A. that B. which C. its D. whose
25. Is this school ______ we visited three years ago
A. the one B. which C. that D. where
26. Is this the school ______ we visited three years ago
2819293984A. the one B. where C. in which D./
27, How many students are there in your class ______ homes are in the country
A. whose B. who C. whom D. which
28. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ______ already seven other people.
A. when there were B. which there were
C. that there were D. where there were
29. I live in the house ______ windows face south.
A. which B. whose C. where D. in that
30. ---- What game is popular with them
---- The ______ most is tennis.
A. game they like it B. game they like
C. best game they like D. best game they like it
31. The room ______ Mr White lives is not very large.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
32. Don't forget the day ______ you were received into the Youth League.
A. when B. that C. at which D. where
33. I' ve finished writing the novel,______ is to be published next month .
A. that B. what C. which D. when
34. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ______ was unexpected.
A. which B. as C. that D. it
35. ______ is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.
A. What B. As C. That D. Which
36. The old man had three sons, all of ______ died during World War Ⅱ.
A. Whose B. that C. whom D. who
37. I have bought two pens, ______ write well.
A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which
38. Do you know the reason ______ she has changed her mind
A. why B. which C. for that D. of which
39. He failed in the exam,______ proves that he wasn't working hard enough.
A. which B. what C. it D. that
40. During the week ______ he tried to collect materials for his article.
A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed
41. ______ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
A. It B. Which C. As D. That
42. He studied hard and later became a well- known writer,______ his father expected.
A. that was what B. what was that
C. and which was D. which was what
43. We should read such books ______ will make us better and wiser.
A. when B. as C. whose D. what44. You must show my wife the same respect ______ you show me.
A. when B. as C. whose D. what
45. It is the first time ______I have come to your city.
A. that B. which C. what D. when
46. Who ______ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.
A. who B. that C. whom D. which
47. I shall never forget those years ______I lived in the country with the farmers,______ has a great effect on my life.
A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who
48. This is the only book ______I can find.
A. that B. which C. it D. with which
49. I don't like ______ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that
C. the way which D. the way of which
50. That is one of those books that ______ worth reading.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
51. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ______ the best.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
能力提高训练：
1. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows , most of ______ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
A. These B. those C. that D. which
2. Alice received an invitation from her boss,______ came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
3. She heard a terrible noise ,______ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
4. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ______ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
5. Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work hard , but ______ didn't help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
6. The weather turned out to be very good,______ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
7. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ______ he grew up as a child.
A. Which B. where C. that D. when
8. Carol said the work would be done by October,______ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
9. The result of the experiment was very good,______ we hadn't expected.
A. when B. that C. which D. what10. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,______ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.
A. that B. while C. which D. when
11. These houses are sold at such a low price ______ people expected.
A. like B. as C. that D. which
12. Recently I bought an ancient vase,______ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of those
13. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ______, of course , made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. what
14. John said he'd been working in the office for an hour,______ was true.
A. he B. this C. which D. who
15. The film brought the hours back to me ______ I was taken good care of in that far- away village.
A. until B. that C. when D. where
16. The famous basketball star, ______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
A. where B. when C. which D. who
17. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,______I will always treasure.
A that B one C it D what
18. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums and some other places,______ other visitors seldom go.
A what B which C where D when
19. Ale c asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A with him B who C with whom D whom
20. We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computers.
A. which B. that C. whose D. when
21. ______ has been announced , we shall have our final exams next month.
A. That B. As C. It D. What
22. York,______ last year, is a nice old city.
A. that I visited B. which I visited
C. where I visited D. in which I visited
23. Luckly, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
24. A fast food restaurant is the place ______, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.
A. which B. where C. there D. what25. Geoge Orwell,______ was Eric Arthur, write many political novels and essays.
A. the real name B. what his real name
C his real name D. whose real name.
26. ______ is reported in the newspapers , talks between the two countries are making progress.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
27. American women usually identify their best friend as someone ______ they can talk frequently.
A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom.
28. The English play ______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.
A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which
29. There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
30. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ______ the sailing time was 226 days.
A. of which. B. during which C. from which D for which
31. There was ______ time ______ I hated to go to school.
A. a, that B. a, when C. the, that D. the, when
32. There are two buildings,______ stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A. the larger B. the larger of them
C. the larger one that D. the larger of which
33. ______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A. Which B. When C. What D. As
34. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%______ are sold abroad.
A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that
35. Anyway, that evening,______I’ ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at the Rache's place.
A. when B. where C. what D. which
36.. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the other, ______, of course, made the others envy him.
A. who B. that C. what D. which
37. It is easy to do the repair. ______ you need is a hammer and some nails.
A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything
38.. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.
A. how B. which C. where D. that
39. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering.
A. that B. whose C. those D. what40. If a shop has chairs ______ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
41. Frank's dream was to have his own shop ______ to produce the workings of his own hands.
A. that B. in which C. by which D. how
42. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ______ he studied very hard and was made chairman of the Students' Union.
A. during which time B. for which time
C. during whose time D. by that time
43. Her sister has become a lawyer,______ she wanted to be.
A. Who B. that C. what D. which
44. The place ______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ______ the cross- river traffic is the heaviest
A. which; where B. at which; which
C. at which; where D. which; in which
45. I walked in our garden,______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto on c of the trees.
A. which B. when C. where D. that
46. I have many friends ,______ some are businessmen .
A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
47.—— Is that the small town you often refer to
— Right, just the one ______ you know I used to work for years.
A. that B. which C. where D. what
48. He was educated at a local grammar school,______ he went on to Cambridge.
A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this
49. Have you seen the film " Titanic",______ leading actor is world famous
A. its B. it's C. whose D. which
50. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but ______ didn’t
help. A. it B. she C. which D. he
51. She’ ll never forget her stay there ______ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
52. A person ______e- mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e- mails.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
53. I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, ______ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.
A. as B. which C. when D. though
54. I have reached a point in my life ______I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
参考答案
1. The fan that you want is on the desk.
2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room.
3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine.
4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam.
5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher.
6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister.
7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful.
8. The train which was going to Nanning was late.
9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother.
10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall.
11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop.
12. That's the child whose drawing we were looking at just now.
13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer.
14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn't been handed in.
15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class
16. He used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees.
17. They passed a factory, at the back of which there were r ice fields.
18. The soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag.
19. In the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple.
20. She came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.
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21~25ABBDA 26~30DADBB 31~35 CACAB 36~40 CCAAD
41~45 CDBBA 46~51BBAABA
能力提高训练:
Keys:
1-5 DCBDD 6-10BBDCD 11-15 BBBCC 16-20 DBCCD
21-25BBDBD 26-30BDCAA 31-35BDDAD 36-40DBCBD
41-45 BADCC 46-50DCCCA 51-56 DCABD
56-60AADDB 61-64 CBCB