2025年中考复习短文首字母填空12篇（选自江苏名校三模试题）（含解析）

中考复习 短文首字母填空12篇（选自江苏名校三模试题）
一、短文填空
（2024·江苏盐城·三模）Everyone knows that there is air pollution in the street, but you are also in d 1 of it in your own home.
In the countryside, villagers burn coal or wood on an open fire, which can be really dangerous because there are harmful c 2 , such as carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO ). When you b 3 in them, they can harm your body. Gas that people use for cooking can also be harmful. Again, the problem is often that fresh air doesn’t get into the area where the cooking takes place.
There are things you can do to reduce the amount of bad air you take in. First of all, a 4 entering smoky areas as much as you can. It is necessary for both adults and children to stay away from smoke. Secondly, if an open fire or cooking cause smoke in your home, find a way to fix it. Make sure that there is a way for smoke to move q 5 out of the room. To do this, you may need to move the cooker and open windows more often, even in winter. You’ll be glad when you did it!
（2024·江苏南京·三模）
Voltaire (1694-1778) was a French author, historian, and philosopher whose thoughts on religious toleration and moderation of authoritarian power were influential d 6 the Enlightenment (启蒙运动时期). His most famous work today is the satirical Candide, which p 7 Voltaire’s critical thoughts on other philosophers, the Catholic Church, and the French state in order to highlight the need for real solutions to everyday problems.
E 8 Life
Fran ois-Marie Arouet, better known by his chosen pseudonym Voltaire, was born in Paris on 21 November 1694. Fran oise-Marie’s father was a notary who sent him to the highly esteemed Louis-le-Grand college, then run by Jesuits. Going on to study law, Fran oise-Marie’s real interest was literature, and he was soon writing his own poems and plays. These early offerings were the b 9 of what would turn out to be a momentous catalogue of works of all kinds by the end of Voltaire's long career.
In 1718, Voltaire’s first play, Oedipus, was s 10 staged, and he had his first poem, La Henriade, published to great acclaim in 1723. Voltaire might have had literary aspirations, but his fledgling career took a nosedive in 1726 when, after an argument with the Chevalier de Rohan, he was confined in the infamous Bastille prison. When he got out, Voltaire decided to broaden his horizons, and he visited first the Netherlands and then England, where he lived until 1729.
Philosophical(哲学的) Ideas
Voltaire’s three years in England saw him embark on a more philosophical approach to literature. He wrote his Letters on England (aka Philosophical Letters) b 11 on his experiences in that country. The Letters was published in 1734 and favourably compared the relative openness and liberalism present in England compared to France. Voltaire argues that d 12 denominations of Christianity should be tolerated in the same society. This is based on his belief that toleration springs from no s 13 group being able to claim absolute truth. He proposes that the best form of government is a monarchy l 14 in its power by a parliament and constitution. Voltaire believes that because humans are rational and act with reasonable self-interest, they should be given more liberty than current authoritarian government systems allow. He also gives biographies of four l 15 thinkers who influenced the later Enlightenment: Francis Bacon (1561-1626), John Locke (1632-1704), Isaac Newton (1642-1727), and René Descartes (1596-1650). In summary, Voltaire argues that the greater freedom and toleration he has witnessed in England c 16 to France is also the reason why that country is more prosperous and its citizens happier. The French Parlement did not take kindly to this assessment, and Letters on England was condemned.
（2024·江苏扬州·三模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词)
Tom and Joe met Huck who agreed with their plan about starting a life of crime on Jackson’s Island with some food and tools in the boat.
In the midnight, they l 17 on the island 5 kilometers away and let the boat go down the Missouri river. “It is just the life for me,” said Tom. “I don’t need to get up early to hurry to school, and wash, and all those foolish things. I’m free now.” The other t 18 cheered too. It seemed wonderful for them to live comfortably on the l 19 but happy island.
On Wednesday, Tom returned home and hid under the bed. He heard everyone missed them very much and s 20 the river, they thought the boys had drowned.
“Poor Tom, he wasn’t r 21 bad, he never meant any harm, and he had a good heart.” Aunt Polly said and began to cry. They were going to wait until S 22 for their funerals. Tom had a new plan in his head; then he went back to his island and told everything to Joe and Huck.
That Saturday afternoon, Aunt Polly’s family prepared their black funeral clothes for the next day with great s 23 . Even the weekend was difficult for children, who had no pleasure in their games.
When Sunday school finished, funeral began in the town church. Almost all the villagers came in black and n 24 remembered when the church had been so full. Everybody thought they have made a mistake to see only p 25 in the boys, people all cried.
Suddenly, there was a slight noise, people all turned around and saw the three “d 26 ” boys walking up the door way.
Aunt Polly and Joe’s families covered their boys with kisses and thanks.
—Taken from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
（2024·江苏盐城·三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限一词。
During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to recommend talented people. However, several months p 27 , Feng didn’t recommend anyone.
“I tried my best, but there are not unusual and perfect people at all,” Feng said.
“People are l 28 objects. What we need to do is to make good use of their strengths. You should be not s 29 with yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are no talented people in our time ” said the emperor.
Indeed, e 30 object or tool has its own use. A knife is made to cut things w 31 chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like an object, each person has a specific strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t e 32 a person to be good at everything.
With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of different backgrounds. He o 33 them important positions, which helped them make the most of their talents. His talented people helped the society develop and c 34 a “golden age”.
Ma Zhou was one of the talented people, who grew up in a poor family. Ma gave plenty of useful a 35 , so Emperor Taizong offered him a position and promoted him many times. Ma helped the emperor deal with difficult m 36 and became a well-known person in history. Ma was only one of them, there were many talented people discovered at that time.
（2024·江苏淮安·三模）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整、通顺，每空一词。
Success is often thought to be the o 37 of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get a 38 well with their classmates. Some schools u 39 to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.
Schools give chances to students to find their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some forms of success. For example, those who are not so good at speaking skills are encouraged to take part in speech competitions w 40 those who are interested in arts are expected to perform in front of their classmates. Teenagers also get the p 41 of success when they join their favorite clubs.
Teachers and parents often tell teenagers that success is not e 42 to achieve. It lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Doing things much later than planned should be avoided. This will l 43 to a mountain of work which finally makes people nervous. Another good quality is a sense of responsibility (责任). Teenagers should r 44 what they have to do.
Sticking to (坚持) moral values is the key to success too. Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends. Self-motivation (自我激励) is a 45 quality to be developed. Self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will, try their best in all kinds of tasks and finally get to enjoy a s 46 of achievement.
（2024·江苏南通·三模）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整正确的形式，使短文通顺。
If you are a foreign tourist and get lost in Beijing’s Sanlitun area, sanitation (环卫) worker Zhang Jianna may be your helpful g 47 .
Zhang is a 50-year-old migrant worker from Hebei Province. She has worked as a waitress and a sales clerk in Beijing. In 2012, she became a sanitation worker in Sanlitun.
There are many embassies (大使馆) in the area. One day in 2014, a foreigner walked up to Zhang o 48 an embassy. He asked her some questions, but she couldn’t understand him. The two looked confusedly at each other. After high school, Zhang had forgotten most of her English knowledge. That day, she d 49 to relearn the language.
Zhang began to study her children’s English textbooks. She memorized the words at night and repeated them the next morning. In her free time, she used some apps on her smartphone to learn English. She also practiced English c 50 with her children.
Zhang’s efforts have paid off. Now, she can pronounce c 51 and talk fluently (流利地) to English-speaking tourists. She can help them with directions and give information about the city. Zhang is in charge of a sanitation team. They n 52 to clean more than 100, 000 square meters of road. They also clean more than three hundred w 53 bins near 56 embassies. Zhang has learned the English names of all these embassies as well.
“English is like a b 54 ,” said Zhang. “It helps me i 55 Beijing to the world.” The hardworking sanitation worker even p 56 to study a new language in the future. “I’ve heard that French is beautiful, and I’d like to learn it!”
（2024·江苏盐城·三模）（二）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
Yu Yi is an amazing teacher who made a big difference in primary education.
She was born in 1929. When she was just 15 years old, her father passed away. B 57 her mother encouraged her to become a teacher and to always be hardworking and kind.
After graduating from University in 1951, Yu Yi started her teaching career. She devoted her w 58 life to her students, always putting their needs first. Yu believed that being a model for her students was of great importance.
One of Yu’s teaching m 59 became very famous all over China. In 1977, she taught a poem called The Song of the Stormy Petrel on live television. People were so e 60 to see her teaching on TV because it was unique and interesting. It was like nothing they had ever seen b 61 !
For Yu Yi, teaching the Chinese language wasn’t just a 62 learning grammar and vocabulary. She wanted her students to become real people and to think critically. Her i 63 were so good that they were included in the curriculum (课程) standards for all students.
She was always looking for ways to improve h 64 . Even after teaching for over 60 years, she still felt there was room to grow and learn. Yu never t 65 the same thing to different classes with the same teaching plan. Every time, she added something new.
In 2019, Yu was honored “People’s Educator” in China. This title showed how much she had influenced the l 66 of her students and the education system. Yu Yi is truly an inspiration to both teachers and students.
（2024·江苏南京·三模）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
I really like Peking Opera because it makes me feel peaceful and happy. When I was 8 years old, I saw Peking Opera actresses dancing with flowing sleeves and s 67 in a graceful (优雅的) way on television. I told my mom that I wanted to learn Peking Opera, and she put me in classes. Since then I’ve been on my learning j 68 for 5 years.
I have to wake up at 6 o’clock every morning to practice the key skills in Peking Opera performance, such as leg exercises, somersaults (翻筋斗), and voice t 69 . When practicing handstands (倒立), all the w 70 is on my arms and I sweat. And to make my p 71 more clear, I read the lines loudly and quickly. It makes my lips numb (麻木的), but I don’t give up. In practice, what really w 72 me is getting hurt. One time, I fell down while practicing. That made it d 73 for me to go up and down stairs for a long time.
As the saying goes, “One minute on the stage needs 10 years’ practice o 74 the stage.” All the hard work was worth it o 75 I got the chance to perform Peking Opera onstage. In 2020, I took part in King Cross (《跨界歌王》) on Beijing TV and performed Ode to Pear a part from The Drunken Beauty (《贵妃醉酒》) during a show on CCTV. Peking Opera puts t 76 different parts of theater like writing, music, painting, and costumes. The charm of Peking Opera is timeless. I hope Peking Opera will be loved and enjoyed by more young people.
（2024·江苏淮安·三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
Mi Zhou, a disabled man, makes clay figurines (泥人) on the street every day. Recently, a video of him has caught a lot of people’s a 77 . In the video, after shaping clay into a small ball with his elbows(肘), he holds the ball b 78 his arms to put it on a stick. Then he adds parts smaller than the ball to it. Mi has been making clay figurines for 15 years.
In 2003, Mi l 79 his hands in an accident. But he didn’t bow to fate. He gradually learned to eat and dress himself in the year that f 80 the accident. He thought he had to find a way to make a living, b 81 he had a family to take care of.
One day, after seeing a man making dough figurines(面人) on the street, Mi became very i 82 in the craft(手艺) and decided to learn it. “The man said he couldn’t teach me when he saw that I had no fingers. But after my repeated requests, he f 83 agreed,” Mi said.
The learning process was challenging. At first, he could only make two roses in an afternoon. And his arms also hurt a lot. However, because of his l 84 for the craft, he never thought about giving up.
Over the past 15 years, Mi has developed many ways suitable for him and greatly improved his skills. “Now, it t 85 me about seven minutes to make a simple clay figurine, and I can make about 30 a day,” Mi said. Today, Mi not only makes a living by making clay figurines as he has hoped, but gets great f 86 from it.
His experiences are encouraging more and more people to get out of their present difficulties.
（2024·江苏南京·三模）
The earliest piece of guqin in China, unearthed in Hubei province in 2016, dates back to the Zhou Dynasty(c. 11th century-256BC). The body of a guqin is made of painted wood and the strings of twisted silk. A 87 its appearance looks simple, making a guqin is quite challenging. An outstanding piece can take y 88 to create. It is a crystallization of art and time.
The sound of a guqin is quiet, ethereal and distant. Vibrations(振动) are used to p 89 an undulating and lasting music, with rich empty notes in between. As the listener fills in the space in their own minds, a connection is f 90 between music and men.
The guqin was loved by the literati in ancient China. The most famous guqin m 91 was Yu Boya in the Spring and Autumn(770-476 BC) and Warring States(475-221 BC) periods. As he played his guqin in the mountains, a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard the music and understood exactly what Yu wanted to e 92 . This deep understanding formed a strong bond between them, and they became c 93 friends. This is the famous tale b 94 the guqin masterpiece, Flowing Water, High Mountains. The piece has been passed down through generations and is considered one of the most famous and important w 95 in Chinese guqin music.
The well-known story about guqin, flowing from brushed fingertips and travelling for thousands of years, is continuing to the p 96 .
（2023·江苏盐城·三模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
After that, Scrooge put on his best suit and was r 97 to go out. Once outside, Scrooge s 98 at everybody and two or three people said, “Good morning, sir! A merry Christmas!” He was walking along the street when he saw one of the kind old gentlemen from the day before. He felt very embarrassed. But he g 99 the gentleman. “My dear sir, how do you do ” said Scrooge, s 100 his hand. “Mr. Scrooge ” “Yes,” said Scrooge. “Please forgive me for my behavior yesterday. And will you …” Scrooge whispered s 101 in his ear. “Good heavens!” cried the gentleman. “My dear Mr. Scrooge, are you serious ” “Of course,” said Scrooge. ‘Not a penny less. It i 102 a lot of back-payments (拖欠付款). “My dear sir, that is very kind of you” said the gentleman.
That afternoon, Scrooge walked to his nephew’s house. He was very n 103 . He walked p 104 the door several times before he finally k 105 on it. The door opened. “Merry Christmas, Fred!” said Scrooge. “I have come for dinner. Can I come in ” Fred was happy to see Scrooge. Everything was the same. It was a w 106 party.
（2023·江苏连云港·三模）根据短文意思和所给首字母， 写出一个完整正确的单词。
Every year, when the Dragon Boat Festival comes, Chinese people often hang a kind of plant on the door. It is c 107 wormwood(艾草). On the one hand, people believe that wormwood can drive out evil spirits or bad l 108 . On the other hand, its special smell can also keep annoying insects away from rooms. In fact, wormwood tastes bitter but s 109 pleasant. H 110 of years ago, Chinese people began to use wormwood as a kind of medicine. So it can be seen in Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》). This book is w 111 believed to be the classic of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
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参考答案：
1．(d)anger 2．(c)hemicals 3．(b)reathe 4．(a)void 5．(q)uickly
【导语】本文介绍家里也有空气污染的危险，以及我们可以做一些事来减少吸入有害空气。
1．句意：每个人都知道街道上有空气污染，但你在自己家里也有空气污染的危险。根据“Everyone knows that there is air pollution in the street, but you are also in d...of it in your own home.”可知，家里也有空气污染的危险，danger“危险”符合语境，故填(d)anger。
2．句意：在农村，村民们在明火上烧煤或木头，这是非常危险的，因为有有害的化学物质，如一氧化碳(CO)和二氧化硫(SO )。根据“because there are harmful c..., such as carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO )”可知，一氧化碳和二氧化硫是有害的化学物质，chemical“化学物质”符合语境，此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式。故填(c)hemicals。
3．句意：当你吸入它们时，它们会伤害你的身体。根据“When you b...in them, they can harm your body.”可知，当你吸入这类气体时，会伤害你的身体，breathe“呼吸”，时态是一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形。故填(b)reathe。
4．句意：首先，尽量避免进入烟雾弥漫的区域。根据“First of all, a...entering smoky areas as much as you can.”可知，避免进入烟雾弥漫的区域，avoid“避免”，祈使句用动词原形。故填(a)void。
5．句意：确保有一个可以让烟雾快速排出房间的地方。根据“Make sure that there is a way for smoke to move q...out of the room.”可知，确保有一个可以让烟雾快速排出房间的地方，quickly“迅速地”，在句中修饰动词。故填(q)uickly。
6．(d)uring 7．(p)resents 8．(E)arly 9．(b)eginning 10．(s)uccessfully 11．(b)ased 12．(d)ifferent 13．(s)ingle 14．(l)imited 15．(l)eading 16．(c)ompared
【导语】本文主要介绍了法国思想家伏尔泰，文中介绍了伏尔泰的早期生活及其哲学思想。
6．句意：伏尔泰（1694-1778）是法国作家、历史学家和哲学家，其关于宗教宽容和威权权力节制的思想在启蒙运动时期具有影响力。根据“the Enlightenment”和首字母提示可知，在启蒙运动时期，during意为“在……期间”。故填(d)uring。
7．句意：他如今最著名的作品是讽刺小说《老实人》，该书展现了伏尔泰对其他哲学家、天主教会和法国政府的批判思想，以强调对日常问题的真正解决方案的必要性。根据“which p… Voltaire’s critical thoughts on other philosophers, the Catholic Church, and the French state”和首字母可知，《老实人》这本书展现了伏尔泰对其他哲学家、天主教会和法国政府的批判思想，present意为“展现，呈现”，结合“is”判断，此句用一般现在时，先行词为单数，在从句中作主语，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(p)resents。
8．句意：早期生活。根据“Fran ois-Marie Arouet, better known by his chosen pseudonym Voltaire, was born in Paris on 21 November 1694.”和首字母可知，此处指早期的生活。early意为“早期的”，形容词修饰名词life。故填(E)arly。
9．句意：这些早期的作品是伏尔泰漫长职业生涯结束时所形成的一份意义重大的各类作品目录的开端。根据“he was soon writing his own poems and plays”和首字母可知，这些早期的作品是伏尔泰各类作品目录的开端，beginning意为“开始，开端”，名词，作表语。故填(b)eginning。
10．句意：1718年，伏尔泰的第一部戏剧《俄狄浦斯王》成功上演，他的第一首诗《亨利亚德》于1723年发表并广受好评。根据“In 1718, Voltaire’s first play, Oedipus , was s… staged,”和首字母可知，伏尔泰的第一部戏剧《俄狄浦斯王》成功上演，successfully意为“成功地”，副词修饰动词staged。故填(s)uccessfully。
11．句意：他根据自己在英国的经历写了《英国书信》（又名《哲学书信》）。根据“b… on his experiences in that country.”和首字母可知，根据自己在英国的经历写了《英国书信》这本书。be based on意为“基于，以……为基础”，故填(b)ased。
12．句意：伏尔泰认为，同一个社会应该容忍不同教派的基督教。根据“in the same society”和首字母可知，同一个社会应该容忍不同教派的基督教，different意为“不同的”，形容词作定语，修饰名词 denominations。故填(d)ifferent。
13．句意：这是基于他的信念：宽容并不源于任何一个能够宣称拥有绝对真理的单个群体。根据“Voltaire argues that d…denominations of Christianity should be tolerated in the same society.”和首字母可知，宽容并不源于任何单个的群体，single意为“单一的，单个的”，形容词修饰名词group。故填(s)ingle。
14．句意：他认为，最好的政府形式是君主制，其权力受议会和宪法的限制。根据“in its power by a parliament and constitution”和首字母可知，君主的权力受议会和宪法的限制，limit意为“限制”，此处先行词与limit之间是被动关系，此处为非谓语形式，应用过去分词。故填(l)imited。
15．句意：他还介绍了影响后期启蒙运动的四位重要思想家的传记……根据“who influenced the later Enlightenment”和首字母可知，四位重要思想家的传记。leading意为“重要的，主要的”，形容词修饰名词thinkers。故填(l)eading。
16．句意：总而言之，伏尔泰认为，他所见证的英国比法国有更大的自由和宽容，这也是英国更加繁荣、公民更加幸福的原因。根据“the greater freedom and toleration he has witnessed in England c… to France”和首字母可知，英国与法国相比，compare意为“比较”，此处应用非谓语形式， England与France之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词。故填(c)ompared。
17．(l)anded 18．(t)wo 19．(l)onely 20．(s)earched 21．(r)eally 22．(S)unday 23．(s)adness 24．(n)obody 25．(p)roblems 26．(d)ead
【导语】本文节选自《汤姆索亚历险记》，讲述了汤姆和他的朋友离家出走的故事。
17．句意：午夜时分，他们在5公里外的岛上登陆，让船沿着密苏里河顺流而下。根据“they…on the island 5 kilometers away and let the boat go down the Missouri river”以及首字母提示可知，此处指他们在5公里外的岛上登陆，句子时态为一般过去时，空处应填动词的过去式；land“着陆”，动词，其过去式为landed。故填(l)anded。
18．句意：另外两个人也欢呼起来。根据上文“Tom and Joe met Huck who agreed with their plan about starting a life of crime on Jackson’s Island with some food and tools in the boat.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指另外两个人也欢呼起来，应用基数词two“两个”。故填(t)wo。
19．句意：对他们来说，舒适地生活在这个孤独但快乐的岛上似乎是件美妙的事情。根据“It seemed wonderful for them to live comfortably on the…but happy island.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指舒适地生活在这个孤独但快乐的岛上似乎是件美妙的事情，应填形容词lonely“孤独的”。故填(l)onely。
20．句意：他听说每个人都非常想念他们，并在河里搜寻，他们认为男孩已经淹死了。根据“He heard everyone missed them very much and…the river, they thought the boys had drowned.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指Tom听说每个人都非常想念他们，并在河里搜寻，他们认为男孩已经淹死了；句子时态为一般过去时，空处应填动词的过去式；search“寻找”，动词，其过去式为searched。故填(s)earched。
21．句意：可怜的汤姆，他并不是真的坏，他从来没有任何恶意，他有一颗善良的心。根据“he never meant any harm, and he had a good heart”以及首字母提示可知，Tom从来没有任何恶意，他有一颗善良的心，Tom并不是真的坏；此处应用副词来修饰形容词“bad”，应填really“真正地”。故填(r)eally。
22．句意：他们打算等到周日举行葬礼。根据下文“When Sunday school finished, funeral began in the town church.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指他们打算等到周日举行葬礼，应填Sunday“周日”。故填(S)unday。
23．句意：那个星期六下午，波莉姨妈一家人怀着巨大的悲伤准备第二天的黑色丧服。根据“That Saturday afternoon, Aunt Polly’s family prepared their black funeral clothes for the next day with great…”以及首字母提示可知，此处指波莉姨妈一家人怀着巨大的悲伤准备第二天的黑色丧服，应填名词sadness“悲伤”。故填(s)adness。
24．句意：几乎所有的村民都穿着黑衣服进来，没人记得教堂什么时候这么满了。根据“Almost all the villagers came in black and…remembered when the church had been so full.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指几乎所有的村民都穿着黑衣服进来，没人记得教堂什么时候这么满了，应填不定代词nobody“没有人”。故填(n)obody。
25．句意：每个人都认为他们犯了一个错误，只看到男孩身上的问题，人们都哭了。根据“Everybody thought they have made a mistake to see only…in the boys, people all cried.”以及首字母提示可知，人们都哭了，因为每个人都认为他们犯了一个错误，只看到男孩们身上的问题；problem“问题”，可数名词，此处应填名词复数形式。故填(p)roblems。
26．句意：突然，传来一阵轻微的响声，人们都转过身来，看到三个“死去的”男孩走到了门口。根据“people all turned around and saw the three…boys walking up the door way”以及首字母提示可知，此处指看到三个“死去的”男孩走到了门口，空后为名词“boys”，空处应用形容词作定语来修饰名词，应填dead“死去的”。故填(d)ead。
27．(p)assed 28．(l)ike 29．(s)atisfied 30．(e)ach/(e)very 31．(w)hile 32．(e)xpect 33．(o)ffered 34．(c)reate 35．(a)dvice 36．(m)atters
【导语】本文讲述了唐太宗知人善用的故事。
27．句意：然而，几个月过去了，冯没有推荐任何人。根据“During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to recommend talented people. However, several months...Feng didn’t recommend anyone.”可知，此处表达几个月过去了，pass“经过”，是动词，描述过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，动词需使用过去式。故填(p)assed。
28．句意：人就像东西。根据“What we need to do is to make good use of their strengths.”可知，此处是将人类比为东西，be动词后应使用介词like“像”。故填(l)ike。
29．句意：你不应该因为没有注意到有才华的人而自我满足。根据“You should be not s...with yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are no talented people in our time ”可知，此处表达不应该因为没有注意到有才华的人而自我满足，形容词短语be satisfied with...“对……满足”。故填(s)atisfied。
30．句意：事实上，每个物体或工具都有自己的用途。根据“Indeed,...object or tool has its own use. A knife is made to cut things...chopsticks are made to pick up food.”可知，此处表达每一个物体都有自己的用处，each/every“每一个”。故填(e)ach/(e)very。
31．句意：刀是用来切东西的，而筷子是用来夹食物的。根据“A knife is made to cut things...chopsticks are made to pick up food.”可知，此处需填连词，连接前后两个句子，此处前后句在对比刀和筷子，因此使用连词while“而”。故填(w)hile。
32．句意：我们不能指望一个人什么都擅长。根据“Like an object, each person has a specific strength. Nobody is perfect.”可知，此处表达我们不能指望一个人什么都擅长，动词词组expect sb. to do sth.“期待某人做某事”。故填(e)xpect。
33．句意：他为他们提供了重要的职位，这有助于他们充分发挥自己的才能。根据“He...them important positions, which helped them make the most of their talents.”可知，此处表达“太宗给人才提供了很多职位，动词offer“提供”，句子是一般过去时，动词需使用过去式。故填(o)ffered。
34．句意：他的人才帮助社会发展，创造了一个“黄金时代”。根据“His talented people helped the society develop and...a ‘golden age.’”可知，此处表达太宗知人善用，创造了一个盛世，动词create“创造”，此处动词与develop并列，使用原形即可。故填(c)reate。
35．句意：马给了他很多有用的建议，所以唐太宗给了他一个职位，并多次提拔他。根据“Ma Zhou was one of the talented people...Ma gave plenty of useful..., so Emperor Taizong offered him a position and promoted him many times.”可知，此处表达马给太宗提供了很多建议，不可数名词advice“建议”。故填(a)dvice。
36．句意：马帮助皇帝处理了一些棘手的事情，成为历史上有名的人物。根据“Ma helped the emperor deal with difficult...and became a well-known person in history.”可知，此处表达马为太宗处理了很多棘手的事情，名词matter“事情”，此处不止一件事情，应使用复数形式表示泛指。故填(m)tters。
37．(o)pposite 38．(a)long 39．(u)sed 40．(w)hile 41．(p)leasure 42．(e)asy 43．(l)ead 44．(r)emember 45．(a)nother 46．(s)ense
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现今学校和老师更加关注道德教育和性格塑造，以确保青少年在建立人际关系方面取得成功。
37．句意：成功经常被认为是失败的反面。根据常识可知，失败的反面是成功，opposite对立的。故填(o)pposite。
38．句意：对于青少年来说，它是一个目标的实现，完成了某件需要做的事情，比如说取得好成绩，与同学相处好的能力。get along with与……相处。故填(a)long。
39．句意：一些学校同意大多数家长根据成绩来判定他们孩子的成功……。根据后文“but now they pay special attention”可知，此处是说过去常常，used to do sth.过去常常做某事。故填used。
40．句意：例如，一些不擅长于口语技能的学生被鼓励去参加演讲比赛，对艺术感兴趣的被期望在同学们面前表演。此处表示情况的对比，while用于连接两个并列的句子时，它强调的是两个动作同时发生，但它们之间存在某种对比关系。故填(w)hile。
41．句意：当青少年参加他们最喜爱的俱乐部，他们也可以获得乐趣。根据后文“when they join their favorite clubs”可知，参加最喜爱的俱乐部是可以获得乐趣的，pleasure乐趣，不可数名词。故填(p)leasure。
42．句意：老师和父母经常告诉青少年成功不容易实现。根据后文“It lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work.”可知，此处说的是成功不容易实现，easy容易的。故填(e)asy。
43．句意：这就会导致像山一样的任务，最后让人们很紧张。lead to导致，为固定搭配，will后接动词原形。故填(l)ead。
44．句意：青少年应该记住他们必须要做的事情。根据“what they have to do”可知，青少年应该记住必须要做的事情，remember记住，should后接动词原形。故填(r)emember。
45．句意：自我激励是另外一个被发展的品质。前面说到诚实的品质，此处说另外一个品质，another另外的。故填(a)nother。
46．句意：自我激励的青少年将会有更坚强的意志，在各种各样的任务中尽最大的努力，最后获得成就感。a sense of……的感觉。故填(s)ense。
47．(g)uide 48．(o)utside 49．(d)ecided 50．(c)onversations 51．(c)orrectly 52．(n)eed 53．(w)aste 54．(b)ridge 55．(i)ntroduce 56．(p)lans
【导语】本文介绍了一位环卫工人自学英语的故事。
47．句意：如果你是一名外国游客，在北京三里屯迷路了，环卫工人张健娜可能会是你的有用向导。根据“If you are a foreign tourist and get lost in Beijing’s Sanlitun area,”及首字母提示可知，此处是指如果迷路在三里屯，张健娜也许是你有用的向导，guide“向导”。故填(g)uide。
48．句意：2014年的一天，一名外国人在大使馆外走到张面前。根据“a foreigner walked up to Zhang o... an embassy.”可知，是指在大使馆外面，outside“在……外面”。故填(o)utside。
49．句意：那一天，她决定重新学习语言。根据“to relearn the language.”可知，是决定重新学习，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)ecided。
50．句意：她还和孩子们练习英语会话。根据“practiced English c... with her children.”可知，是指和孩子们一起练习对话，conversation“对话”，空处用复数。故填(c)onversations。
51．句意：现在，她可以正确发音，流利地与讲英语的游客交谈。根据“she can pronounce c...”可知，她能正确地发音，修饰动词，用副词correctly“正确地”。故填(c)orrectly。
52．句意：他们需要清扫超过10万平方米的道路。根据“to clean more than 100, 000 square meters of road.”可知，是指需要清扫10多万平方米的道路，need to do sth“需要做某事”，描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(n)eed。
53．句意：他们还清理了56个大使馆附近的300多个垃圾桶。根据“clean more than three hundred w... bins”可知，是指清理垃圾桶，waste bin“垃圾桶”，名词作定语。故填(w)aste。
54．句意：英语就像一座桥梁。根据“It helps me i... Beijing to the world”可知，英语就像是一座桥梁，bridge“桥梁”，a后跟名词单数。故填(b)ridge。
55．句意：它帮助我向世界介绍北京。根据“Beijing to the world”可知，是指把北京介绍给世界，introduce sth to sb“把某物介绍给某人”，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”。故填(i)ntroduce。
56．句意：这位勤劳的环卫工人甚至打算将来再学一门新的语言。根据“to study a new language in the future”可知，是指打算再学一门新的语言，plan to do sth“打算做某事”，时态为一般现在时，主语是三单，谓语动词也用三单。故填(p)lans。
57．(B)ut 58．(w)hole 59．(m)ethods 60．(e)xcited 61．(b)efore 62．(a)bout 63．(i)deas 64．(h)erself 65．(t)aught 66．(l)ives
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了于漪一生都在学习当老师的故事。
57．句意：但她的母亲鼓励她成为一名教师，并一直努力和善良。由“…her mother encouraged her to become a teacher and to always be hardworking and kind”及首字母可知，虽然父亲去世了，但是母亲鼓励她成为老师，此处表示转折，应用but“但是”，位于句首首字母需大写。故填(B)ut。
58．句意：她把自己的一生都奉献给了学生，总是把学生的需要放在第一位。由“She devoted her…life to her students”及首字母可知，此处指一生，whole“全部的”。故填(w)hole。
59．句意：于老师的一种教学方法在中国很有名。由“One of Yu’s teaching…became very famous all over China”及首字母可知，此处指她的教学方法，method“方法”，one of后接可数名词复数形式。故填(m)ethods。
60．句意：人们看到她在电视上的教学非常兴奋，因为这是独特而有趣的。由“because it was unique and interesting”及首字母可知，因为她的教学方法很特别和有趣，所有人们看到她的教学视频很兴奋，主语为人，用excited“兴奋的”。故填(e)xcited。
61．句意：这是他们以前从未见过的！由“It was like nothing they had ever seen…”及首字母可知，此处指之前没有看到过，before“以前”。故填(b)efore。
62．句意：对于漪来说，教汉语不仅仅是学习语法和词汇。由“…learning grammar and vocabulary”及首字母可知，此处指关于学习语法和词汇，about“关于”。故填(a)bout。
63．句意：她的想法非常好，以至于被纳入所有学生的课程标准中。由“Her…were so good that they were included in the curriculum (课程) standards for all students”可知，此处指她的想法，idea“想法”，又由“were so good”可知，此处应用复数形式。故填(i)deas。
64．句意：她一直在寻找提高自己的方法。由“She was always looking for ways to improve…”及首字母可知，此处指提高她自己，herself“她自己”。故填(h)erself。
65．句意：于老师从不用同样的教学计划教不同的班级同样的东西。由“…the same thing to different classes with the same teaching plan”及首字母可知，此处指教同样的东西，teach“教”，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填(t)aught。
66．句意：这个头衔显示了她对学生的生活和教育系统的影响有多大。由“This title showed how much she had influenced the…of her students”及首字母可知，此处指影响了学生们的生活，life“生活”，学生是复数，life也应用复数形式。故填(l)ives。
67．(s)inging 68．(j)ourney 69．(t)raining 70．(w)eight 71．(p)ronunciation 72．(w)orries 73．(d)ifficult 74．(o)ff 75．(o)nce 76．(t)ogether
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者爱好京剧的故事，作者的经历告诉我们，有梦想，经过不懈的追求，终究会有属于自己的舞台。
67．句意：当我8岁的时候，我在电视上看到京剧女演员长袖善舞，优雅地唱歌。根据“I saw Peking Opera actresses dancing with flowing sleeves and s…in a graceful (优雅的) way on television.”可知作者在电视上看到京剧演员优雅地唱歌，sing“唱歌”，see sb doing“看见某人正在做某事”。故填(s)inging。
68．句意：从那时起，我已经在我的学习之旅中度过了5年。根据“for 5 years”以及首字母可知此处是说作者度过了5年的学习之旅，journey“旅行”。故填(j)ourney。
69．句意：我必须每天早上6点起床练习京剧表演中的关键技巧，如腿功、空翻和嗓音训练。根据“practice the key skills in Peking Opera performance”以及首字母可知此处是说嗓音训练，train“训练”，此处应用动名词。故填(t)raining。
70．句意：练习倒立时，所有的重量都在我的手臂上，我会出汗。根据“When practicing handstands”以及首字母可知作者练习倒立时所有的重量应该都在手臂上，weight“重量”。故填(w)eight。
71．句意：为了让我的发音更清晰，我大声快速地朗读台词。根据“I read the lines loudly and quickly”以及首字母可知作者是在练习发音，pronunciation“发音”。故填(p)ronunciation。
72．句意：实际上，我真正担心的是受伤。根据“what really w…me is getting hurt.”可知此处是说作者真正担心的是受伤，worry“担心”；且主语为what，worry应用第三人称单数。故填(w)orries。
73．句意：这使我很长时间上下楼梯都很困难。根据“One time, I fell down while practicing.”以及首字母可知作者训练的时候摔倒了，所以上下楼梯都很困难，difficult“困难的”。故填(d)ifficult。
74．句意：台上一分钟，台下十年功。根据“One minute on the stage needs 10 years’ practice o…the stage.”可知此处是说一句俗话“台上一分钟，台下十年功”，off“离开”。故填(o)ff。
75．句意：一旦我有机会登台表演京剧，所有的辛苦都是值得的。根据“All the hard work was worth it o…I got the chance to perform Peking Opera onstage.”可知一旦有机会登台表演京剧，所有的辛苦都是值得的，once“一旦”。故填(o)nce。
76．句意：京剧融合了戏剧的不同部分，如写作、音乐、绘画和服装。根据“different parts of theater like writing, music, painting, and costumes”以及首字母可知此处是说京剧融合了戏剧的不同部分，put together“放在一起”。故填(t)ogether。
77．(a)ttention 78．(b)etween 79．(l)ost 80．(f)ollowed 81．(b)ecause 82．(i)nterested 83．(f)inally 84．(l)ove 85．(t)akes 86．(f)un
【导语】本文主要讲述了残疾人米周制作泥人养家的感人故事，他的经历正激励着越来越多的人走出目前的困境。
77．句意：最近，他的一段视频引起了很多人的注意。根据“caught a lot of people’s ....”及首字母可知，应是引起了很多人的关注，attention“关注，注意”，不可数名词。故填(a)ttention。
78．句意：在视频中，他用肘部把粘土捏成一个小球，然后把球夹在手臂之间，放在一根棍子上。根据“with his elbows(肘)”可知，他没有手，结合“holds the ball ... his arms to put it on a stick”及首字母可知，应是把球加在胳膊之间，between“在……之间”，故填(b)etween。
79．句意：2003年，米在一次事故中失去了双手。根据“ his hands in an accident”及首字母可知，此处指在事故中失去了双手，lose“失去”，由“In 2003”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以此处用动词的过去式，故填(l)ost。
80．句意：在事故发生后的一年里，他逐渐学会了自己吃饭和穿衣。根据“ in the year that ...the accident”及首字母可知，此处指“事故后的一年”，follow“排在……后”，讲述的是过去的事情，所以用动词的过去式，故填(f)ollowed。
81．句意：他认为他必须找到谋生的方法，因为他有一个家庭要照顾。空后“he had a family to take care of”是空前“he had to find a way to make a living”的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句，故填(b)ecause。
82．句意：有一天，他在街上看到一个人在做面塑，就对这门手艺很感兴趣，决定学一学。根据“became very... in the craft(手艺) and decided to learn it.”可知，决定学应是对这门手艺感兴趣，become interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填(i)nterested。
83．句意：但在我再三要求之后，他终于同意了。根据上文“The man said he couldn’t teach me when he saw that I had no fingers.”可知，刚开始那个人不同意教他，所以推断此处指最后同意了，finally“最后”，副词作状语，故填(f)inally。
84．句意：然而，因为他对这门手艺的热爱，他从未想过要放弃。根据“because of his... for the craft, he never thought about giving up.”及首字母可知，从未放弃应是源于对它的热爱，love“热爱”，不可数名词。故填(l)ove。
85．句意：现在，制作一个简单的泥人只需要7分钟，而我一天可以制作30个。本句是it takes sb some time to do sth“做某事花费某人多长时间”的结构，是直接引语，所以时态用一般现在时，故填(t)akes。
86．句意：如今，米不仅按照自己的愿望以制作泥人为生，而且从中获得了极大的乐趣。根据“gets great ... from it.”及首字母可知，此处指从制作泥人中获得了很大的乐趣，fun“乐趣”。故填(f)un。
87．(A)lthough 88．(y)ears 89．(p)roduce 90．(f)ormed 91．(m)usician 92．(e)xpress 93．(c)lose 94．(b)ehind 95．(w)orks 96．(p)resent
【导语】本文主要介绍中国的古琴和著名的古琴名曲——《高山流水》。
87．句意：尽管它的外形看起来很简单，但是制作古琴却是很有挑战性。根据首字母提示及前后分句的逻辑关系可知，此处考查连词although“虽然、尽管、即使”，表示让步。故填(A)lthough。
88．句意：一把出色的古琴可能需要数年时间才能制作出来。古琴是艺术和时间的结晶。根据“take”和首字母提示可知，此处表示years“年”，名词复数；take years to do sth.“花数年时间做某事”。故填(y)ears。
89．句意：振动被用来产生起伏而持久的音乐……根据“vibrations”和“music”之间的物理学原理及首字母提示可知，此处指produce“生产、造出”，动词。故填(p)roduce。
90．句意：当听者在自己的脑海里填补这些空白时，音乐和人之间便建立了联系。根据“a connection”和“between music and man”可知，此处指form“（使）（关系、习惯或想法）形成”，动词。再根据句子结构可知，此处应用被动语态：be+过去分词。故填(f)ormed。
91．句意：最著名的古琴演奏家是春秋战国时期的俞伯牙。根据“Yu Boya”及首字母提示可知，此处指musician“音乐家”，名词。故填(m)usician。
92．句意：当他在山间弹奏古琴时，有一个叫钟子期的樵夫听到了音乐声，并完全理解了俞伯牙想要表达的意思。根据“...understood exactly what Yu wanted to...”及首字母提示可知，此处指express“表达”，动词。故填(e)xpress。
93．句意：他们成为了亲密的朋友。根据“This deep understanding...”和“friends”及首字母提示可知，此处指close“亲密的”，形容词，作定语，修饰名词friends。故填(c)lose。
94．句意：这就是古琴名曲《高山流水》背后的著名传说。根据上文所述内容及首字母提示可知，此处指behind“在……的背面”，介词。故填(b)ehind。
95．句意：这首曲目被世代传承，也被认为是中国古琴音乐中最著名和最重要的作品之一。根据“The piece has been passed down through generations...”及首字母提示可知，此处指古琴名曲《高山流水》被认为是中国古琴音乐中著名和最重要的作品之一，one of the +最高级+名词复数。故填(w)orks。
96．句意：这个大家熟知的关于古琴的故事从指尖流淌而出，穿越了千年岁月，至今仍在持续着。根据“...travelling for thousands of years...”及首字母提示可知，此处指俞伯牙和钟子期之间的故事流传至今。present“目前、现在”，名词。故填(p)resent。
97．(r)eady 98．(s)miled 99．(g)reeted 100．(s)haking 101．(s)omething 102．(i)ncludes 103．(n)ervous 104．(p)ast 105．(k)nocked 106．(w)onderful
【导语】本文主要叙述了史克鲁奇先生在圣诞节这天所发生的事情，包括与许多人打招呼，以及碰到了一位老绅士，史克鲁奇与这位老绅士以前认识并发生过冲突，双方在圣诞节这一天和解。
97．句意：之后，史克鲁奇穿上了他最好的西装，准备出门。根据“Scrooge put on his best suit”及所给的首字母提示可知，这里指史克鲁奇准备出门，be ready to准备好做某事，为固定搭配。故填(r)eady。
98．句意：一到外面，史克鲁奇就对每个人微笑。根据“at everybody and two or three people”及所给的首字母提示可知，这里指史克鲁奇就对每个人微笑，smile意为“微笑”，又因为后文的said为过去式，因此应该填写smiled。故填(s)miled。
99．句意：但他向这位先生打了招呼。根据“My dear sir, how do you do ”及所给的首字母提示可知，这里指此处为打招呼，greet意为“打招呼”，又根据文章He felt very embarrassed，可知此时的时态为过去时，因此应该填写greeted。故填(g)reeted。
100．句意：和他握手。“史克鲁奇先生？”这里指shake one’s hands为短语固定搭配，因此应该填写shake，但又因为此时表示在打招呼的同时握手，为伴随状语，用动名词shaking。故填(s)haking。
101．句意：史克鲁奇在他耳边低声说了些什么。根据“Scrooge whispered…in his ear.”及所给的首字母提示可知，这里指史克鲁奇在他的耳朵边轻声是说了什么，可以推测此处应该填写something。故填(s)omething。
102．句意：其中包括许多欠款。根据“a lot of back-payments (拖欠付款).”及所给的首字母提示可知，这里指它还包括很多欠款，include意为“包括”，又因为it为单数，且时态为一般现在时，所以动词应该用单数。故填(i)ncludes。
103．句意：他非常紧张。根据“That afternoon, Scrooge walked to his nephew’s house.”及所给的首字母提示可知，这里指他非常紧张，nervous意为“紧张的”。故填(n)ervous。
104．句意：他从门口走过好几次，最后才敲了敲门。根据“He walked…the door several times”及所给的首字母提示可知，这里指他从门口走过好几次，past意为“经过”，介词。故填(p)ast。
105．句意：他从门口走过好几次，最后才敲了敲门。根据“The door opened.”及所给的首字母提示可知，这里指他最后还是敲门了，knock意为“敲门”，同时使用过去式。故填(k)nocked。
106．句意：这是一个很棒的聚会。根据“Everything was the same.”及所给的首字母提示可知，这里指这是一个很棒的聚会，wonderful意为“精彩的”。故填(w)onderful。
107．(c)alled 108．(l)uck 109．(s)mells 110．(H)undreds 111．(w)idely
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了艾草在端午节的作用及其药用价值。
107．句意：它叫艾草。根据首字母及“wormwood”可知，端午节人们挂在门上的植物叫做艾草。call“称作”，动词，此处为被动语态，用其过去分词。故填(c)alled。
108．句意：一方面，人们相信艾草可以驱邪或驱除厄运。根据首字母及“wormwood can drive out evil spirits or bad…”可知，艾草可以祛除坏运气。bad luck“厄运”。故填(l)uck。
109．句意：事实上，艾草尝起来很苦，但闻起来很香。根据首字母及“wormwood tastes bitter but…pleasant”可知，艾草尝起来苦，但是闻起来香。smell“闻起来”，动词。本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故用其单三形式。故填(s)mells。
110．句意：几百年前，中国人开始使用艾草作为一种药物。根据首字母及“…of years ago”可知，此处指数百年前。hundreds of“数百的”，首字母大写。故填(H)undreds。
111．句意：这本书被广泛认为是中医学的经典之作。根据首字母及“This book is…believed”可知，此处指《本草纲目》被广泛认为……。widely“广泛地”，副词，修饰动词。故填(w)idely。
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