Unit 1 The mass media Grammar and usage 课件（共31张，内嵌视频）
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| 名称 | Unit 1 The mass media Grammar and usage 课件（共31张，内嵌视频） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 20.0MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-10-18 15:56:46 | ||
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(共31张PPT)
Grammar and usage
Unit 1 The mass media
Part 01
Exploring the rules
Do you know these famous photos
The Starving Sudan（饥饿的苏丹）
By Kevin Carter
The Kiss of Life
（生命之吻）
By Rocco Morabito
Both of them got The Pulitzer Prizes
Pulitzer Prize, any of a series of annual prizes awarded by Columbia University, New York City, for outstanding public service and achievement in American journalism, letters, and music. The prizes, originally endowed with a gift of $500,000 from the newspaper magnate Joseph Pulitzer, are highly esteemed and have been awarded each May since 1917.
Who is Joseph Pulitzer
Joseph Pulitzer was born on April 10, 1847, in Hungary. He moved to America and became an American citizen in the 1860s. He had a number of different jobs after he moved to America. He regularly visited the library and studied English and law—by then he had learned very little English. While in the library one day, he began chatting to two editors of a German-language newspaper. They offered him a job.
Below is the short life story of Joseph Pulitzer. Find the sentences that use the past perfect tense and fill in the box below.
Pulitzer quickly became a successful journalist and by the age of 25, he had become a publisher. In 1878, he founded the newspaper the St Louis Post-Dispatch. Pulitzer worked tirelessly, from early in the morning until midnight. His paper published articles about politics and social issues, accusing government officials of dishonesty and wealthy people of not paying their taxes. Sales of the newspaper shot up. In1883, Pulitzer bought the New York World. He used the same business strategy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch and sales of the newspaper mounted up until it was the bestselling newspaper in the country.
Pulitzer was the first to advocate the training of journalists at university level. In 1892, he offered Columbia University money to start a school of journalism. Of this decision he said, “I am deeply interested in the progress and elevation of journalism ... regarding it as a noble profession and one of unequaled importance for its influence upon the minds and morals of the people." Pulitzer died in 1911.One year after his death, the Columbia School of Journalism was established. Six years after his death, the first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded.
He regularly visited the library and studied English and law—by then he had learned very little English.
by the age of 25, he had become a publisher
He used the same business strategy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch
He regularly visited the library and studied English and law—by then he had learned very little English.
by the age of 25, he had become a publisher
He used the same business strategy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch
before
had
Part 02
The Past Perfect Tense
定义
过去完成时主要用来表示在过去之前发生的事或做的动作，即过去的过去，通常与一般过去时连用。
She had learned some English before she came to the institute.
她在来学院前已学过一些英语。
She said that she had been abroad for 3 years.
她说她在国外待了3年了。
构成
构成：had +过去分词
用法：(1) 表示在过去某一时刻或某个动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状态。表示的时间是"过去的过去"，这个过去的时刻常用由until, before, by, when等引导的短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以通过一个表示过去的动作或上下文来表示。:
现在
过去
过去的过去
将来
The student completed this experiment to make come true what Professor Joseph had said.
为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。
肯定式为__________________；
否定式为__________________；
被动式为__________________。
had done
had not done
had been done
She had learnt about 500 English words before she went to junior middle school.
在上初中之前，她已经学了大约 500 个英语单词。
构成
构成：had +过去分词
用法：(2) 表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到这一过去时刻，并可能继续下去，常同由for或 since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。
现在
过去
过去的过去
将来
I had been at the bus stop for 30 minutes when a bus finally came.
我在公交车站等了30 分钟公交车终于来了。
She said she had made great progress since she came here.
她说自从来到这儿,她已经取得了很大的进步。
构成
构成：had +过去分词
用法：(3) want, hope, mean, plan, intend等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图，意为"本来……"。
I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn't catch the train.
我本希望昨晚回来的，但我没赶上火车。
构成
构成：had +过去分词
用法：(4) 常用过去完成时的固定句型:
I had no sooner arrived home than it began to rain. (=No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.)
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
① 在"hardly... when..."或"no sooner... than..."句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
构成
构成：had +过去分词
用法：(4) 常用过去完成时的固定句型:
It was the first time (that) I had chatted online in English.
那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。
② 在"It was the first/second/... time (that)..."句型中，从句用过去完成时。
过去完成时与一般过去时的用法比较
Now
was
expected/
happened
Future
虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点:
1. 时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调"过去的过去"，而一般过去时强调过去某一特定的时间。
试
比
较
They had arrived at the station by ten o'clock yesterday.
他们昨天十点之前就已经到达车站了。
They arrived at the station at ten o'clock yesterday.
他们昨天十点之前就已经到达车站了。
过去的过去
Let's draw a mind map.
过去完成时
构成
had+过去分词
用法
1.表示在过去某一时刻或某个动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状态
2.表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到这一过去时刻，并可能继续下去
3.want，hope，mean，plan，intend等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图，意为"本来……"
4.常用过去完成时的固定句型
hardly...when...，no sooner...than...(主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时 )
It was the first/second/...time (that)...(从句用过去完成时)
与一般过去时的区别
过去完成时在时间上强调"过去的过去"，而一般过去时强调过去某一特定的时间
Practice
1. One morning she told her children about a family she ____________ (visit) the day before.
2. By the end of 2020, Pruitt ___________ (repair) more than 140 for donation or to be returned to their owners.
had visited
had repaired
3. When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ___________ (see) for years.
hadn't seen
4. I ___________ (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage , but I couldn't manage it.
had hoped
5. The twins, who ___________ (finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
had finished
Part 03
Applying the rules
B1
Circle the mistakes and correct them in the blanks below.
1. Pulitzer knew that he had learned very little English, so he had started to work hard at the language.
2. Pulitzer was very hard-working. Quite often, when he arrived home at midnight, he was working for over 10 hours.
3. For the time he was 25, Pulitzer had become a journalist and publisher.
4. Many of the best reporters have worked for his paper before its failure in 1931.
had worked
By
B2
Below is a passage about the Pulitzer plete it with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below.
The Pulitzer Prizes are a set of awards honoring excellence in journalism and the arts. The prizes were established largely due to the efforts of Joseph Pulitzer. who 1.___________ his reputation as a newspaper publisher. He left money in his 1904 will to fund the establishment of the prizes, stating that he wanted four awards in journalism, four in letters and drama, one for education, and five traveling scholarships. Since the first prizes 2.___________ in 1917, there have been many winners and some people have won more than once. Past winners include such famous names as Eugene O'Neill. When O'Neill received the Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957, it was the fourth time he 3.____________ it.
had built
were awarded
had won
B2
Below is a passage about the Pulitzer plete it with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below.
There have been a number of changes to the Pulitzer Prizes over time. Some of these resulted from advances in technology. For example, online content from newspaper websites 4.______________________ in all of the journalism categories since 2006. The Pulitzer Prizes have also expanded to include such categories as photography and music. Nevertheless, journalism is still what the Pulitzer Prizes are best known for. Today, winning the Pulitzer Prizes is considered by many to be the highest achievement possible in journalism— just as Pulitzer 5.____________.
has been allowed
intended
B3
Zou Taofen was a famous Chinese journalist and publisher. Read the timeline below and describe his life story using the past perfect tense.
1895
Born in
Fujian
Graduates from university
1921
1922
Becomes an editor
1926
Becomes the chief editor of Life Weekly
Starts campaigning against the Japanese invasion
1931
1935
Starts a new journal called Life of the Masses
Dies in Shanghai
1944
Sample answer
Zou Taofen was born in 1895, in Fujian. He graduated from university at the age of twenty-six, in 1921. The next year, he became an editor. He had worked as an editor for four years before he became the chief editor of Life Weekly. In 1931, he started campaigning against the Japanese invasion. By the time he was forty, he had started a new journal called Life of the Masses. Zou had established himself as a famous journalist and publisher before he died in Shanghai in 1944.
Part 04
Language Points
Vocabulary
found
be founded on... 建立在……基础上
foundation n.地基；基础，根据
lay a (firm/solid) foundation for...
为……打下（坚实的）基础
founder n.创办者，发起人
练习：A good relationship should ___________ on trust. Besides, money shouldn't be the __________ of friendship. (found)
be founded
foundation
v. 成立，建立； 把...基于；把...建立在
Vocabulary
accuse
accuse sb. of (doing) sth.
=charge sb. with (doing) sth.
指责/控告某人（做了）某事
练习：The department manager was fired after being accused ______ taking the company property for himself.
of
vt. 指控，控告；指责，把...归咎于
vi. 指责；控告
SEE YOU
NEXT TIME
Grammar and usage
Unit 1 The mass media
Part 01
Exploring the rules
Do you know these famous photos
The Starving Sudan（饥饿的苏丹）
By Kevin Carter
The Kiss of Life
（生命之吻）
By Rocco Morabito
Both of them got The Pulitzer Prizes
Pulitzer Prize, any of a series of annual prizes awarded by Columbia University, New York City, for outstanding public service and achievement in American journalism, letters, and music. The prizes, originally endowed with a gift of $500,000 from the newspaper magnate Joseph Pulitzer, are highly esteemed and have been awarded each May since 1917.
Who is Joseph Pulitzer
Joseph Pulitzer was born on April 10, 1847, in Hungary. He moved to America and became an American citizen in the 1860s. He had a number of different jobs after he moved to America. He regularly visited the library and studied English and law—by then he had learned very little English. While in the library one day, he began chatting to two editors of a German-language newspaper. They offered him a job.
Below is the short life story of Joseph Pulitzer. Find the sentences that use the past perfect tense and fill in the box below.
Pulitzer quickly became a successful journalist and by the age of 25, he had become a publisher. In 1878, he founded the newspaper the St Louis Post-Dispatch. Pulitzer worked tirelessly, from early in the morning until midnight. His paper published articles about politics and social issues, accusing government officials of dishonesty and wealthy people of not paying their taxes. Sales of the newspaper shot up. In1883, Pulitzer bought the New York World. He used the same business strategy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch and sales of the newspaper mounted up until it was the bestselling newspaper in the country.
Pulitzer was the first to advocate the training of journalists at university level. In 1892, he offered Columbia University money to start a school of journalism. Of this decision he said, “I am deeply interested in the progress and elevation of journalism ... regarding it as a noble profession and one of unequaled importance for its influence upon the minds and morals of the people." Pulitzer died in 1911.One year after his death, the Columbia School of Journalism was established. Six years after his death, the first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded.
He regularly visited the library and studied English and law—by then he had learned very little English.
by the age of 25, he had become a publisher
He used the same business strategy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch
He regularly visited the library and studied English and law—by then he had learned very little English.
by the age of 25, he had become a publisher
He used the same business strategy he had employed at the St Louis Post-Dispatch
before
had
Part 02
The Past Perfect Tense
定义
过去完成时主要用来表示在过去之前发生的事或做的动作，即过去的过去，通常与一般过去时连用。
She had learned some English before she came to the institute.
她在来学院前已学过一些英语。
She said that she had been abroad for 3 years.
她说她在国外待了3年了。
构成
构成：had +过去分词
用法：(1) 表示在过去某一时刻或某个动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状态。表示的时间是"过去的过去"，这个过去的时刻常用由until, before, by, when等引导的短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以通过一个表示过去的动作或上下文来表示。:
现在
过去
过去的过去
将来
The student completed this experiment to make come true what Professor Joseph had said.
为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。
肯定式为__________________；
否定式为__________________；
被动式为__________________。
had done
had not done
had been done
She had learnt about 500 English words before she went to junior middle school.
在上初中之前，她已经学了大约 500 个英语单词。
构成
构成：had +过去分词
用法：(2) 表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到这一过去时刻，并可能继续下去，常同由for或 since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。
现在
过去
过去的过去
将来
I had been at the bus stop for 30 minutes when a bus finally came.
我在公交车站等了30 分钟公交车终于来了。
She said she had made great progress since she came here.
她说自从来到这儿,她已经取得了很大的进步。
构成
构成：had +过去分词
用法：(3) want, hope, mean, plan, intend等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图，意为"本来……"。
I had hoped to be back last night, but I didn't catch the train.
我本希望昨晚回来的，但我没赶上火车。
构成
构成：had +过去分词
用法：(4) 常用过去完成时的固定句型:
I had no sooner arrived home than it began to rain. (=No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.)
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
① 在"hardly... when..."或"no sooner... than..."句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
构成
构成：had +过去分词
用法：(4) 常用过去完成时的固定句型:
It was the first time (that) I had chatted online in English.
那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。
② 在"It was the first/second/... time (that)..."句型中，从句用过去完成时。
过去完成时与一般过去时的用法比较
Now
was
expected/
happened
Future
虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点:
1. 时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调"过去的过去"，而一般过去时强调过去某一特定的时间。
试
比
较
They had arrived at the station by ten o'clock yesterday.
他们昨天十点之前就已经到达车站了。
They arrived at the station at ten o'clock yesterday.
他们昨天十点之前就已经到达车站了。
过去的过去
Let's draw a mind map.
过去完成时
构成
had+过去分词
用法
1.表示在过去某一时刻或某个动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状态
2.表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到这一过去时刻，并可能继续下去
3.want，hope，mean，plan，intend等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图，意为"本来……"
4.常用过去完成时的固定句型
hardly...when...，no sooner...than...(主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时 )
It was the first/second/...time (that)...(从句用过去完成时)
与一般过去时的区别
过去完成时在时间上强调"过去的过去"，而一般过去时强调过去某一特定的时间
Practice
1. One morning she told her children about a family she ____________ (visit) the day before.
2. By the end of 2020, Pruitt ___________ (repair) more than 140 for donation or to be returned to their owners.
had visited
had repaired
3. When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ___________ (see) for years.
hadn't seen
4. I ___________ (hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage , but I couldn't manage it.
had hoped
5. The twins, who ___________ (finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
had finished
Part 03
Applying the rules
B1
Circle the mistakes and correct them in the blanks below.
1. Pulitzer knew that he had learned very little English, so he had started to work hard at the language.
2. Pulitzer was very hard-working. Quite often, when he arrived home at midnight, he was working for over 10 hours.
3. For the time he was 25, Pulitzer had become a journalist and publisher.
4. Many of the best reporters have worked for his paper before its failure in 1931.
had worked
By
B2
Below is a passage about the Pulitzer plete it with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below.
The Pulitzer Prizes are a set of awards honoring excellence in journalism and the arts. The prizes were established largely due to the efforts of Joseph Pulitzer. who 1.___________ his reputation as a newspaper publisher. He left money in his 1904 will to fund the establishment of the prizes, stating that he wanted four awards in journalism, four in letters and drama, one for education, and five traveling scholarships. Since the first prizes 2.___________ in 1917, there have been many winners and some people have won more than once. Past winners include such famous names as Eugene O'Neill. When O'Neill received the Pulitzer Prize in Drama in 1957, it was the fourth time he 3.____________ it.
had built
were awarded
had won
B2
Below is a passage about the Pulitzer plete it with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below.
There have been a number of changes to the Pulitzer Prizes over time. Some of these resulted from advances in technology. For example, online content from newspaper websites 4.______________________ in all of the journalism categories since 2006. The Pulitzer Prizes have also expanded to include such categories as photography and music. Nevertheless, journalism is still what the Pulitzer Prizes are best known for. Today, winning the Pulitzer Prizes is considered by many to be the highest achievement possible in journalism— just as Pulitzer 5.____________.
has been allowed
intended
B3
Zou Taofen was a famous Chinese journalist and publisher. Read the timeline below and describe his life story using the past perfect tense.
1895
Born in
Fujian
Graduates from university
1921
1922
Becomes an editor
1926
Becomes the chief editor of Life Weekly
Starts campaigning against the Japanese invasion
1931
1935
Starts a new journal called Life of the Masses
Dies in Shanghai
1944
Sample answer
Zou Taofen was born in 1895, in Fujian. He graduated from university at the age of twenty-six, in 1921. The next year, he became an editor. He had worked as an editor for four years before he became the chief editor of Life Weekly. In 1931, he started campaigning against the Japanese invasion. By the time he was forty, he had started a new journal called Life of the Masses. Zou had established himself as a famous journalist and publisher before he died in Shanghai in 1944.
Part 04
Language Points
Vocabulary
found
be founded on... 建立在……基础上
foundation n.地基；基础，根据
lay a (firm/solid) foundation for...
为……打下（坚实的）基础
founder n.创办者，发起人
练习：A good relationship should ___________ on trust. Besides, money shouldn't be the __________ of friendship. (found)
be founded
foundation
v. 成立，建立； 把...基于；把...建立在
Vocabulary
accuse
accuse sb. of (doing) sth.
=charge sb. with (doing) sth.
指责/控告某人（做了）某事
练习：The department manager was fired after being accused ______ taking the company property for himself.
of
vt. 指控，控告；指责，把...归咎于
vi. 指责；控告
SEE YOU
NEXT TIME
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