2024-2025学年高中英语版必修第一册北师版 Unit 2 单元专项提升 课件

(共87张PPT)
UNIT 2 Sport and fitness
单元专项提升
英语版必修第一册北师版
单元语法归纳
巧梳理·知识框图
挖教材·语法示例
用适当的关系代词完成下列教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征
1.When we weren't playing on the court ___________ was next to our building, we
were watching a game on TV.
2.Paul's favourite player was Tyrone Bogues, a guy _________ played for the
Charlotte Hornets, although we actually agree that they are both champions.
3.Everyone knew Paul had real skills, and was someone _____ worked really hard
and had a strong desire to play for the team.
4.This week, The Lions were playing our main competitors, The Bears, a team
_______ record this season had been perfect.
5.Paul didn't know he'd soon get the chance ___________ he'd been waiting for.
6.And clearly, all the extra hours _____ he'd spent practising alone paid off.
which/that
who/that
who
whose
which/that
that
细归纳 语法精讲
限制性定语从句（Ⅰ）——关系代词
知识点1 定语从句概述
定 义 在复合句中用来限制、描绘或说明主句中某一名词、代词，整个主句或主句
的一部分的从句叫定语从句，它所修饰的对象叫作先行词。定语从句分为限
制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
注意：①限制性定语从句与先行词之间的关系非常密切，说明先行词的性
质、身份、特征等状况，不能省略，否则句意就不完整。②引导定语从句的
关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关 系 词 作用：①连接主句和从句；②指代先行词；③在从句中充当句子成分。
分类：①关系代词：that, which, who, whom,whose,as（本单元讲前五个的用
法）；②关系副词：when，where，why等。
续表
知识点2 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词用于指代表示人或物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语
等成分。
1.who指人，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
Here comes the girl 主语who （在从句中作）wants to see you.想见你的那个女孩
过来了。
He is the man （who（在从句中作宾语,可省略。）） I saw yesterday.他就是我昨
天见到的那个人。
2.whom指人，在定语从句中可作宾语、表语，可省略；（在口语中）whom作宾语
时可用who代替。若whom前有介词，则不能用who代替，也不可省略。
Rose is the person （whom/who） you should look after.罗丝是你应该照顾的人。
When I have trouble, he is the only one to whom I can go for help. 当我有困难
时，他是我唯一可以求助的人。
3.whose 指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。
They rushed over to help the man whose （作定语，指人。）car had broken down.
那个人的车坏了，他们冲过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose（作定语，指物。） cover is green.请递给我那本绿
皮的书。
4.which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。作宾语时一般可省略。若
which前有介词，则which不可省略。
China is a country which（在从句中作主语） has a long history.中国是一个历史悠
久的国家。
The package （which（在从句中作宾语，可省略。）） you are carrying is about
to fall.你拿的包快掉了。
5.that 既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语等，作宾语时一般
可省略。指人时一般可用who替代，指物时一般可用which替代。
The number of people that/who （在从句中作主语）come to visit this city each
year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
The chair （that/which（在从句中作宾语,可省略。）） you broke yesterday is now
being repaired.你昨天弄坏的那把椅子现在正在修。
关系代词替代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从
句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
昨天你借我的那本书十分有趣。
［误］The book （that/which） you lent it to me yesterday is very interesting.
［正］The book （that/which） you lent to me yesterday is very interesting.
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
1.(2022·浙江1月)New research found that middle-aged women _________ were
physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia（失智症）
in later life.
who/that
【解析】句意：新的研究发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患失智症的可能性小近
90%。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词women,且从句中缺少主
语，所以用who/that。
2.(全国Ⅲ卷)As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like
anyone for _______ you feel affection,customers can also drive you mad.
whom
【解析】分析句子结构可知，"for ___ you feel affection"为定语从句，修饰anyone
（指人），且空处位于介词之后，故只能填whom。
3.(2023·全国乙卷)The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a
woman _______ hair color looked just perfect.
whose
【解析】分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句，该从句修饰先行词woman,且空处在
从句中作定语,修饰hair color,故用关系代词whose。
4.(2023·浙江1月)I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house
___________ had apparently not been used in many years.
that/which
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为a milking house，指物，
且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。
知识点3 关系代词的选择（that/which）
宜用that不用which的情况
1.当先行词是all、much、anything、something、everything、nothing、little、none等
不定代词时。
She told me everything that she knew.她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。
2.当先行词指物且被all、no、few、any、little（少）、some、much、last、only、
very等修饰时。
I've read all the books that were borrowed from others. 我已经读了从别人那儿借来
的所有的书。
3.当先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰，或先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级
修饰时。
This is the most exciting football game that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最激动
人心的足球比赛。
The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.在桂林他们参观
的第一个地方是象鼻山。
4.当先行词既有人又有物时。
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清
楚地记得我在那个房间里所见到的人和一些照片。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
1.(全国Ⅱ卷)I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else's
fault.
that
【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处不定代词something作先行词，关系词在从句中作
主语，应用that引导定语从句。
2.(全国Ⅲ卷)Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food_____ is provided
by Mom with appreciation.
that
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词为the food,
且被all修饰，故定语从句要用that引导。
知识点4 定语从句中的主谓一致
一般情况下，关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句谓语动词的人称和数与先
行词的人称和数保持一致。
The books that were sold out in two weeks were all written by Tom.两周内卖光的
那些书都是汤姆写的。
I'm fond of the piece of music which was played by Jenny.我喜欢珍妮演奏的那首
曲子。
"one of the +可数名词复数+定语从句"结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形
式，即以"可数名词复数"为定语从句的先行词；而"the only/very/right one of the +
可数名词复数+定语从句"结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式，因为定语从句
的先行词为"the only one"。
He is one of the players who were presented with the medal.他是被授予了奖章的
运动员之一。
He is the only one of the players who was presented with the medal.他是唯一一位
被授予了奖章的运动员。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
(全国Ⅱ卷)Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who
_______（wear） evening dress.
wears
【解析】当"the only one of the +可数名词复数"为先行词时，定语从句的谓语动词
应该用单数形式。另外，由题干中的时态及语境可知，这里要用一般现在时，故填
wears。
语法练 专项提升
Ⅰ 用适当的关系代词填空
1.(2024·上海师大附中期末)The books on the desk _______ covers are shiny are
prizes for us.
whose
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为The books，和名词
covers之间存在所属关系，所以关系代词应用whose,作定语，修饰covers。
2.Evidently, those _____ can stick to their dreams are more likely to succeed.
who
【解析】空处引导定语从句，修饰指示代词those（指人），故空处用who。
3.The writer and his novel _____ you have just talked about are really well-known.
that
【解析】此处先行词既有人又有物，故填that。
4.There is no success without hard work; success is something_____ is only earned
after much effort.
that
【解析】此处先行词为指物的不定代词something，故从句用that引导。
5.She is the teacher from_______ I have borrowed this dictionary.
whom
【解析】定语从句"from____ I have borrowed this dictionary"修饰先行词the teacher，
且关系代词位于介词from后，故填whom。
6.(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place
___________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.
that/which
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a place，指物，且空
处在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导均可。
Ⅱ 用关系代词引导的定语从句合并下列句子
1.I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.
_______________________________________________________
I have a friend that/who likes listening to classical music.
2.Last week Mary wore the dress. I gave it to her.
_______________________________________________________
Last week Mary wore the dress that/which I gave to her.
3.They live in a room. Its window faces south.
______________________________________________
They live in a room whose window faces south.
4.She wants to visit the village. Her mother likes it best.
___________________________________________________________
She wants to visit the village that/which her mother likes best.
5.The old man likes reading the newspaper every day. It contains important
information.
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________
The old man likes reading the newspaper that/which contains important information every day.
写作方法指导
如何写叙事类记叙文
叙事类记叙文主要是对某一事件的发生、发展和结果进行叙述，重在叙述事情
发生、发展的过程。这类写作的考查重点是语言运用的正确性、句子的连贯性、信
息表述的完整性等。
叙事类记叙文写作时应注意的问题：
常用表达
1.交代时间：
one day; the other day； when I was…years old; by the end of last term; during
the summer holidays; on Sunday morning...
2.交代地点：
on the way to school; on the way home; at the crossing; at the end of the street;
at the foot of the mountain...
3.介绍故事情节：
Sb.was doing…in someplace when…
Sb.was about to do…when…=Sb.was on the point of doing…when…
Sb.had just done…when…
4.介绍故事的结果或谈自己的感想
①常用词汇:
finally; luckily/fortunately; to one's surprise; feel tired/delighted
②常用句型:
What surprised/attracted/delighted us most was that…
Through this meaningful activity, we learned something that can't be learned in
class.
I was deeply impressed/moved/touched by…
巧运用 典例详析
书面表达
（2023·全国乙卷）学校英文报组织同学们分享自己在假期中学到的新技能，请
你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1.简要描述；
2.体验和感受。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.题目已为你写好。
A 教你审题
体裁 叙事类记叙文
时态 一般过去时为主
人称 第一人称为主
要点 1.学习了哪种新技能；
2.遇到的困难和挑战；
3.收获和感悟。
B 教你选词
1.有机会做某事______________________________
2.在某人的指导下_________________________
have an opportunity to do sth.
under the guidance of sb.
Learning a New Skill
3.设法做成某事__________________
4.在……方面很出色_______________________
manage to do sth.
be/become excellent at...
C 教你造句
1.我有机会在一家俱乐部学习滑雪。
_____________________________________________
2.开始滑行的时候，我很害怕。
________________________________________
3.我不知道该怎么做。
__________________________
4.在教练的指导下我成功地控制住了身体。
_________________________________________________________________________
____________
I had an opportunity to learn to ski at a club.
When I started to slide,I was very afraid.
I didn't know what to do.
Under the guidance of the instructor I managed to control my body successfully.
D 教你升级
用"so...that..."结构合并句2和句3。
___________________________________________________________________
When I started to slide,I was so afraid that I didn't know what to do.
E 教你成篇
Learning a New Skill
Skiing has always been a challenging and interesting sport for me.【*】 Last
winter vacation, I finally had an opportunity to learn to ski at a club.
As a beginner,just putting myself on the skis was a challenge. When I started
to slide,I was so afraid that I didn't know what to do—except throwing myself in
the snow. However, under the guidance of the instructor and after my repeated
failure and tries,I finally made my first turn and managed to control my body
successfully.
From my skiing experience,I learn that with repeated practice and confidence,
everyone can become excellent at learning a new skill.
［名师点评］本文要点齐全，条理清晰，多样化的叙述句式彰显了作者较高的英语
表达能力。
【*】本句引入话题——假期学习滑雪技能，现在完成时和always的运用突出了作者
长期以来对滑雪的认知。
［思考］你还能从范文中总结的有用表达：
词汇____
句式____
提能力 迁移训练
书面表达
(2024·河南信阳期末)近期你校举行了一次迎冬至（the winter solstice）活动,假
如你是学校英语报记者李华，请写一篇短文报道此次活动。内容包括：
1.活动的目的；
2.活动的具体情况；
3.大家的感受。
注意：词数80左右
_______
【参考答案】
In order to get a better understanding of our tradition and relieve us
from study pressure, our school organized an activity with the theme of
"Welcome The Winter Solstice" in the school gym last weekend.
There were various activities, ranging from making dumplings on our own
to live talent shows. Under the guidance of our teachers, we created handmade
dumplings with different shapes and fillings.
This activity turned out to be a great joy. Not only did we get knowledge
about life skills but also we strengthened our national pride and confidence.
［总结］ 范文中使用的本单元新学表达：
词汇 __________________
relieve、strengthen
高考题型突破
如何通过核心词复现巧做阅读理解七选五
真题在线 阅读理解七选五
(2023· 新课标Ⅱ卷)As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm
often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there
is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a
complete beginner. So I've put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
● Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook （素描本） for small studies.
These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard （n. ［C］ 基础，
出发点）for more complex works in the future.
36. . You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've
come.
● Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to
put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lives, portraits , or
landscapes , paint from life as much as possible. 37. .
● Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 38. . Artistic growth
can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we've all been there. I love taking on
challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month
and post the works online.
C
G
A
●39. .Seeking and accepting constructive feedback （反馈） is crucial to
growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn , have met some of the
kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of
artistic ability.
The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. 40. . Push through, give
it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
D
E
A.Get out of your comfort zone .
B.Make career plans and set goals.
C.Don't throw away your beginner art.
D.Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E.You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times.
F.Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G.You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition .
本文是一篇说明文。作者是一个艺术家，在此以第一人称的口吻针对初学者开
启艺术之旅给出了一些技巧和建议。
36.___
C
【解析】空前一句提到这些小型习作可以提供灵感，可能是未来更复杂作品的跳板。
空后一句讲到了"You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've
come"，即你会想要回顾自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得了多大的进展，因此空
处应为承上启下的过渡句，既与开始阶段的"small studies"有关，又与将来"look
back on"的物件有关，而C项中的"your beginner art"最贴合语境，它可以帮助你看到
自己从开始到现在取得的进步，故选C项。且本段主题句中的"Start"也是提示，与C
项中的"beginner"属于同义复现。
37.___
G
【解析】空处位于本段的结尾，空前一句"Whether you paint still lives, portraits, or
landscapes, paint from life as much as possible"讲到了无论你是画静物画、肖像画
还是风景画，都要尽可能多地写生，空处应与这样做的目的或结果有关，而G项"你
将培养出只有通过重复（练习）才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆"正是指出了这样做的好处，
承接上文，符合语境，故选G项。
38.___
A
【解析】根据本段的主旨句"Continually challenge yourself to try something new"可
知，本段主要围绕"不断挑战自我去尝试新事物"展开，结合选项内容可推知，"Get
out of your comfort zone"就是"challenge yourself"的一种方式。A项中的"comfort"与
空前的"challenge"还存在反义关系。
39.___
D
【解析】结合本空的位置可知，本空考查段落主旨句。根据空后的"feedback（反馈）
"可知，空处应与"展示""分享""交流"有关，故可推断答案为D项。且后文中的"post
my work"与D项中的"Share your work"属于同义复现。
40.___
E
【解析】空前一句讲到了"The journey you're on won't follow a straight path"
（你的旅途不会一路平坦），而空后讲到了"Push through, give it time and put in
the effort"（坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力），这是面对困境时的做法，因此空处
应举例说明"won't follow a straight path"的情况，而E项中的"roadblocks"和
"discouraged"就是艺术之旅中的曲折之处，故可确定答案为E项。
词语摘抄
①put together汇集；组织
②look back on回首（往事）；回忆；回顾
③put in/into花费，耗费，投入（时间、心思等）
④still life n. ［C,U］静物画
⑤portrait / p :tre t/ n. ［C］肖像，半身照
⑥landscape / l ndske p/ n.［C,usually sing.］风景，景色
⑦constructive adj. 建设性的,有助益的,积极的
词链 construct（vt. 修建）→ construction（n.［U］ 建造）→constructive（adj.）
⑧be crucial to... 对……至关重要
crucial / kru: l/ adj.至关重要的
⑨in turn 相应地,转而；依次,轮流
⑩harvest / hɑ v st/ vt.获取，收获 n. ［C,U］收获
comfort zone n.［C,usually sing.］舒适区
hit roadblocks遇到障碍
hit vt. 熟词生义 遇到（困难）；经历（不愉快的事情）
Everything was going well but then we ____ trouble. 原本一切都进行得很顺利，
但后来我们遇到了麻烦。
roadblock n.［C］障碍
hit
discouraged /d s k r d d/ adj.灰心的，丧气的
redefine vt.重新定义
［思考］我们之前学过前缀re-的用法，你能说出该词缀的含义并列出三个由其构成
的单词吗？
repetition / rep t n/ n. ［U,C］重复，重做，重说
语篇梳理
通方法 解题指导
如何通过核心词复现巧做阅读理解七选五
阅读理解七选五文章各段落的大意都围绕文章的中心思想展开，而每个段落也
通常是围绕一个主旨进行阐述的。阐述段落主旨时，经常会有核心词的复现，但这
并不是词语的简单重复，而是以原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、同源词、概括词
等多种形式出现。常见的复现情况有：
原词复现 同一个词重复出现
同义复现 以同义词的形式重复出现
近义复现 以近义词或近义表达（意思相近，表达方式不同）的形式重复出现
同根复现 以词义相同而词性不同的形式重复出现
上义词与 下义词的 复现 作为某个词语的上义词或下义词重复出现（上义词和下义词在语义上是
包含和被包含的关系，如adult是teacher、parent的上义词，而teacher、
parent就是adult的下义词）
核心词复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，而阅读理解七选五正是考查语篇衔接，
因此，利用核心词复现做阅读理解七选五十分有用。如：
续表
(新课标全国卷Ⅰ)39If you've been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.
But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a "victim mentality".
A.Learn to really trust yourself.
B.It is putting confidence in someone.
C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.
E.They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.
F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.
【答案】C
【解析】空处是段落主题句。空后句三次出现victim一词,结合选项内容可判断,七个
选项中只有C项中有victim,为原词复现，故可优先考虑。将C项"不要把自己当作受害
者"代入空处，其与下文衔接紧密，故选C项。本段结构：总（总领）—分（细说）。
值得注意的是，有的题利用核心词复现解题十分有用，但这并不意味着凡与上
句或下句有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程
中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将含复现词的选项代入原文，
看该选项与上下文是否真的衔接，只有上下文衔接紧密的才是正确选项。如：
(新课标全国卷Ⅰ)38Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices
because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.
A.Learn to really trust yourself.
B.It is putting confidence in someone.
C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
【答案】A
【解析】空处是段落主题句。不要因为B项与空后句中都有confidence，原词复现就
选B，也不要因为C项与空后句中都有yourself，原词复现就选C。A项中的trust
yourself与空后的Having confidence in yourself（信任你自己）是近义复现，所以该
选项要重点考虑;将A项代入原文，此处意为"学会真正地信任你自己。信任你自己有
助于你做出更好的选择……"，上下文语义衔接紧密，故选A。
因此，掌握段落主旨，锁定段落核心词对于确定阅读理解七选五答案很有帮助。
如2023年新课标Ⅱ卷阅读理解七选五中的第36题，C项中的beginner与该段主题句中
的Start属于同义复现；第39题，D项中的"Share your work"对应后文中的"post my
work"，也属于同义复现。
高考的阅读理解七选五主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关
系的分析能力。其对核心词复现的考查，有助于加强对考生思维品质的训练，帮助
考生提升总结和概括的能力。
提能力 迁移训练
阅读理解七选五
(全国Ⅱ卷)If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed!
With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.1. .
Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready
to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.2. .
●Your metabolism（新陈代谢） gets a head start.3. . If you work out in the
mornings, then you will be getting the calorie（卡路里） burning benefits for the
whole day, not in your sleep.
G
E
F
●4. . Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better
than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more
difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
●5. . If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more
likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin
their good workout by eating junk food You will want to continue to focus on
positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set
your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel
energized all day long.
B
A
A.You will stick to your diet.
B.Your quality of sleep improves.
C.You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D.There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E.You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F.After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G.If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen
up!
本文是一篇说明文。文章从工作效率、新陈代谢、睡眠质量和饮食习惯四个方
面介绍了晨练给人们带来的好处。
1.___
G
【解析】根据空后的"Working out in the morning provides additional benefits...fit"及
下文可知，下文是在讲晨练的好处，所以G项"你如果计划定期锻炼，或者你现在正
在锻炼，那就注意听！"符合语境。
2.___
E
【解析】根据空前两句"Your productivity is improved...the day "可知，E项"运动后
你可以保持头脑清醒4—10个小时"承接上文。空前一句中的"more awake"与E项中的
"clear"属于同义复现。
3.___
F
【解析】此空后的"getting...the whole day"与F项中的"burn calories throughout the
day"相照应,F项"在你运动之后，你一整天都在消耗卡路里"符合语境。
4.___
B
【解析】结合空处位置可知，此空是本段的中心句。根据本段内容可知，本段主要
讲了晨练对睡眠的益处，所以B项"你的睡眠质量提高了"符合语境。空后一句中的
"slept better"与B项中的"improves"属于同义复现。
5.___
A
【解析】本段中的"healthy food"和"junk food"是A项中"diet"的下义词，故A项"你会
坚持你的饮食（习惯）"可以概括本段内容。
如何利用关键词提示解答完形填空
真题在线 完形填空
A
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)On Oct.11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country
race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41（finished） the course earlier
than she did. Her 42（delay ） came because she was carrying a 43（competitor）
across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way
through her. .44. . when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.
44.( ) A.race B.school C.town D.training
A
B
(2023·全国乙卷)As it turned out , Douglas did 50（exactly） what she
needed to do to become Olympic champion when she 51（defeated ） two
Russians. The Chinese coach 52（transformed ） Douglas into one of the best
gymnasts in the 53（world）， helping her skyrocket from an 54（average ）
member of the national team to the top of the sport. By . .55. . the Olympic all-
around title , she became the first black woman to do so.
55.( ) A.clarifying B.defending C.winning D.demanding
C
C
(2023·全国甲卷)But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 46（worried）
because they were so misshapen : not at all like the nice, round, 47（shiny）
things you get in a supermarket...
What we discovered is that it's 51（unwise） to judge what you eat only
by its 52（appearance）. Those tomatoes had a . .53. . that reminded me of the
ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket
tomatoes. .54. . perfect but taste of water.
53.( ) A.size B.shape C.color D.taste
D
54.( ) A.smell B.look C.become D.work
B
词语摘抄
①course n.［C］ 熟词生义 跑道
②delay /d le / n.［C,U］延期，耽搁，延误
③turn out 原来是，证明是，结果是
④defeat /d fi:t/ vt.击败，战胜 n.［U,C］失败，挫败
⑤transform /tr ns f :m/ vt.使改观；使改变形态
⑥skyrocket/ ska r k t/ vi.猛涨，剧增
⑦average / v r d / adj.普通的，平常的，一般的
⑧title n.［C］ 熟词生义 冠军
⑨clarify / kl r fa / vt.阐明,澄清
⑩defend /d fend/ vt.& vi.保卫；防守；vt.为……辩解
demand/d mɑ:nd/ vt.强烈要求
misshapen / m s e p n/ adj.畸形的，扭曲变形的
judge /d d /vt.& vi.评价；评判；判断
remind sb. of sb./sth. 使某人想起相似的人或物
通方法 解题指导
如何利用关键词提示解答完形填空
完形填空题所选语篇材料一般以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主，兼顾说明文和议论
文。其文章都是围绕一个话题展开的语篇，在逻辑关系和意义上前后贯通，因此在
行文中不可避免地会出现词语的同义词、反义词、指代词、上义词、下义词以及词
汇的复现等。根据这个原则，学生在答题时应联系上下文，寻找对设空处有提示作
用的关键信息，找到关键词，从而确定最佳答案。下面我们以表格形式列举如何利
用该方法解答上面完形填空中的几个题：
题号 答案 判断依据
2023·新 课标Ⅰ卷 44 A.rac e 结合上文提到的"a cross-country race"和本空前的"Bailey
was more than two-thirds of the way"可知,本题选race。本
题是借助"原词复现"现象来解的。
2023·全 国乙卷 55 C.wi nning 上文提到的"champion""51（ defeated） two Russians" "one
of the best gymnasts"等关键词都暗示她获得了奥运会全能冠
军。winning 实际上是该语篇的话题核心词的复现。
题号 答案 判断依据
2023·全 国甲卷 53 D.tast e 由上文中的" looked at""misshapen"及下文中的"taste"可知，
此处谈论的是西红柿的外观和味道。结合第51空所在句及下
文中的"but taste of water"可知本题选D项。
54 B.loo k 由上文中提到的"not at all like the nice,round,47（shiny）
things you get in a supermarket"可知，此句描述的是超市里
西红柿的样子，故本空选look。从意义与逻辑上来说, nice、
round、shiny都是看起来（look）西红柿所呈现的样子。
续表
提能力 迁移训练
完形填空
Talent can come from anywhere and anyone. Whether he has majored in art or
has been blessed with a talent from birth, any artist should be able to . .1. . his gift
with the world.
That's. .2. . what Liz Powers decided to do when she, her brother, and four local
artists founded ArtLifting. This organization helps . .3. . artists achieve financial
independence by selling their works on ArtLifting's website. Though the website
features 145 artists at present, when Powers first . .4. . to shine a spotlight on
undiscovered talent, she wasn't expecting to make such a（n） . .5. ..
Powers was. .6. . to find that many artistically gifted people were. .7. . simple
shelters. When they created art, it ended up in shelter basements. She understood
that for many of these artists,. .8. . could provide income. They had the talent; what
they . .9. . was a way to make it known to the world. Therefore, Powers decided to
set up an online . .10. .. It would create a real . .11. . between the artists and
consumers who wanted original pieces for their walls.
Today, ArtLifting is in 19 cities around the US,. .12. . artists and bringing their
stories and . .13. . to walls around the country. Historically, artists' works were
usually displayed in museums. But now we find that talent can be shown in . .14. .
forms. ArtLifting not only sells impressive pieces; it also helps artists . .15. . what
anyone deserves: independence, freedom and respect.
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Liz Powers和她的同伴们创办了ArtLifting，
帮助那些无家可归的艺术家售卖作品，使他们能够经济独立并获得自由和尊重。
1.( ) A.mix B.share C.trade D.exchange
B
【解析】根据语境可知，此处是固定搭配"share...with..."，表示任何艺术家都能够与
世界分享他的天赋。
2.( ) A.hardly B.normally C.exactly D.accidentally
C
【解析】根据下文中的"This organization helps...their works on ArtLifting's website"
可知，ArtLifting网站帮助艺术家们出售作品，所以与世界分享艺术家的天赋正是
（exactly） Liz Powers创办ArtLifting的目的。
3.( ) A.shy B.polite C.busy D.homeless
D
【解析】根据下文中的"Powers was...simple shelters"可知，Powers帮助的是那些住
在收容所里的穷困潦倒的艺术家。由关键词simple shelters可知，此处应选D项。
4.( ) A.volunteered B.preferred C.decided D.applied
C
【解析】此处表示最初，当Powers决定使公众注意到那些未被发现的天赋时，她没
有预料到会带来如此大的影响，decide符合语境。
5.( ) A.impact B.impression C.contribution D.donation
A
【解析】参见上题解析。impression"印象"；contribution"贡献"；donation"捐献"。
6.( ) A.scared B.delighted C.ashamed D.shocked
D
【解析】结合常识可知，Powers看到许多有艺术天赋的人住在收容所，应该感到震
惊，所以她才创办了ArtLifting来帮助他们。
7.( ) A.searching for B.setting up C.staying in D.going through
C
【解析】参见上题解析。且下文中的关键词shelter basements暗示着他们是住在这里。
8.( ) A.preparations B.experiences C.competitions D.creations
D
【解析】根据上文中的"This organization helps 3（homeless）...ArtLifting's
website"可知，正是因为Powers明白创作可以带来收入，所以她才创立ArtLifting帮助
被埋没的艺术家卖作品。其中关键词financial independence对应该空后的provide
income。
9.( ) A.received B.needed C.minded D.promised
B
【解析】此处表示这些被埋没的艺术家所需要的是让世人知道其天赋的途径。B项符
合语境。
10.( ) A.market B.club C.office D.school
A
【解析】根据上下文可知，Powers建立ArtLifting就是为了给艺术家和消费者提供在
线买卖市场。
11.( ) A.comparison B.similarity C.connection D.gap
C
【解析】根据上下文可知，Powers创立的ArtLifting就是为了建立艺术家和消费者之
间的联系。
12.( ) A.teaching B.supporting C.pitying D.protecting
B
【解析】根据上文可知，ArtLifting帮助艺术家出售作品，所以它是为艺术家提供帮助。
13.( ) A.adventures B.dreams C.pleasures D.artworks
D
【解析】根据"to walls around the country"可知，挂墙上的应该是他们的艺术品。
14.( ) A.familiar B.regular C.different D.popular
C
【解析】根据上文中的"Historically, artists' works were usually displayed in
museums"可知，此处表示现在与过去不一样，天赋可以以不同的形式展现出来。
15.( ) A.achieve B.require C.judge D.admit
A
【解析】根据上文可知，ArtLifting帮艺术家出售作品，从而让他们有收入，进而获
得独立、自由和尊重。
微专题 新题型专练
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的
短文。
(2024· 湖南师大附中期中)Growing up, I wanted to be just like my mom. She
was kind and caring, and always made people comfortable in her presence. For
years she was a volunteer in our community. I loved going to the local nursing
home to help with her when I was a child. However, once I became a teenager, I
was too caught up in my adolescent world to worry about helping others.
One particular summer day when I was 12, Mom came into my room and told
me to get up and meet her at the car. But I had planned to spend the day at the
lake with my friends. Why did she have to ruin everything At last, I made my
way outside with my mother. Angry and annoyed, I climbed into the car and shut
the door loudly. I sat in silence, too upset to talk. "Tasha, do you know where we
are going " Mom asked calmly. I remained silent. "Sweetheart, we're going to the
children's shelter. I have been there before and I think it would benefit you," she
explained.
I felt a confusion slowly formed in my heart. How was I supposed to help
there
When we reached the shelter, I was rather surprised. As we approached the
front door, wind-bells played a calming tune while trees and flowers welcomed us.
Maybe this wasn't going to be so.
Mom rang the doorbell. We were led to the front room, where all of the
children were playing. Toys were spread out across the floor. I noticed a baby
whose body was seriously wounded. Most of the children had noticeable physical
scars. What a terrible life they must had had before they moved here! My heart
sank. As I was looking around, I felt a gentle pull on my shirt.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me.
I returned to the shelter with Mom several times.
故 事 梗 概 本文以时间为线索展开，以第一人称讲述了Tasha希望自己长大之后像妈妈一
样，性格温和、乐于助人。然而，她进入青春期后情况就有所不同了。在她12
岁时的夏天，妈妈叫她和自己一起去一个儿童收容所，因为之前和朋友约好去
湖边玩，Tasha开始时很不乐意，但最后还是很勉强地听从了妈妈的安排。到
了目的地之后，Tasha很惊讶，在那里她看到了许多曾经遭受苦难的孩子,她的
心情立刻沉了下来，这时她感到她的衬衫被人轻轻地拽了一下……
情节线 情感线
结 构 Para.1：The background of the story When I was a child, I loved going to the local nursing home to help with my mom. My mother was a
volunteer in our
community.（proud）
Paras.2-3： Before we went to the shelter After I became a teenager, I was unwilling to help others with my mom, but still went to the shelter with her. →Mom asked me to
meet her at the car.
（angry,
annoyed,upset）
Paras.4-5： When we reached the shelter I was shocked. As I was looking around, my heart sank. →Mom would take me
to the children's shelter.
（unsatisfied,
confused）
续表
情节线 情感线
续 写 方 向 Para.1 I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me. （段首句） →Most of the children had
noticeable scars.
（sympathetic,surprised）
A little girl with brown eyes
looked up at me.
（surprised moved or…）
I returned to the shelter with
my mum several times.
（happy grateful or…）
→预测情节，问题引领： ①Who was the girl？ ②What would the girl say？ ③What would I respond to her？ 续表
情节线 情感线
续 写 方 向 Para.2 I returned to the shelter with Mom several times. （段首句） →Most of the children had
noticeable scars.
（sympathetic,surprised）
A little girl with brown eyes
looked up at me.
（surprised moved or…）
I returned to the shelter with
my mum several times.
（happy grateful or…）
→预测情节，问题引领： ①Did I meet the girl again？ ②What would I do in the shelter？ ③How did I feel during these experiences？ ④What did I learn from the experience 续表
佳作展示
I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me. Her
little face was bright. "Hi, I'm Ashley. Do you want to play dolls with me "
she asked. I looked over and saw Mom nodding to me with a smile. I bent
toward Ashley and whispered, "Sure. I'd love to." Her tiny hand reached up
and took mine, and we walked toward the doll house. Our time together
brought her great joy and fun and she also made my day.
I returned to the shelter with Mom several times. During those visits, some
of the children including Ashley shared their troubled pasts with me in great
detail. I felt sorry for what had happened to them and treasured the
friendship between us. I would like to do everything within my power to help
the children there. At the same time, I learned to be grateful for all that I
had. It was a meaningful time in my young life that I would never forget. It
was Mom who taught me the valuable lesson that summer.
谢谢
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