Unit 4 Earthquake单元学案（无答案）
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Earthquake单元学案（无答案） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 210.4KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2016-02-28 12:21:41 | ||
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黄州赤壁中学高一英语学科导学活页案 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 班级：______ 学生姓名：________ 时间：____月____日
课题：Unit 4 Earthquake 授课教师： 班级： 学生：
课型一：阅读课(warming up, pre-reading, reading and comprehending)
课型二：词汇课(Learning about language)
课型三：语法课(Discovering useful structure)
课型四；语言技能课(Using language)
课型五：写作课(Reading and writing)
课型六：测试课
课型一：阅读课
学习内容：warming up ,pre-reading, reading and comprehending
一、学习目标：
1．能力目标：
1）学生通过阅读文章能够对自然灾害有更深的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了解，在了解相关知识的基础上，掌握防御和应对自然灾害的知识和方法，能运用所学知识描述地震的成因、预兆、地震造成的损失、地震时的应急救生以及震后的救援。
2）学习并初步掌握本单元的词汇和句型，并掌握如何讨论过去的事情和表达谢意。
3）学习并初步掌握以that，which，who和whose引导的定语从句。
4）学生能够学会先拟定写作提纲写新闻报道和演讲稿。
2．词汇目标：
Earthquake（） quake w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ell() pipe(n.导管) burst (vi.爆裂；爆发) million (n.百万) event(n.事件,大事) nation(n.民族;国家;国民) canal(n.运河;水道) stream(n.蒸汽;水汽) dirt(n.污垢;
泥土) ruin(n.废墟;毁灭) suffering(n.苦难;痛苦) extreme(adj.极度的) injure(vt.损害;伤害) destroy(vt..破坏;毁坏;消灭) brick(n.砖;砖块) dam(n.水坝；堰堤) track(n.轨道;足迹;痕迹) useless(adj.无用的;无效的;无益的) shock(vt&vi使震惊;震动 n.休克;打击;震惊) rescue(n.&vt援救;营救) trap(vt.使陷入困境 n.陷阱;困境) electricity(n.电;电流;电学) disaster(n.灾难;灾祸) bury(vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏) mine(n.矿矿山矿井) miner(n.矿工) shelter(n.掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处) title(n.标题;头衔;资格) reporter(n.记者) bar(n.条;棒;条状物) damage(n.&vt.损失;损害) frighten(vt.使惊吓;吓唬)frightened(adj.受惊吓的) frightening(adj.令人恐惧的) congratulation(n.祝贺;贺词复数) judge(n.裁判员;法官 vt.断定;判断;判决) sincerely(adv.真诚的;真挚的) express(vt.表示;表达 n.快车;速递) outline(n.要点;大纲;轮廓) headline(n.报刊的大字标题) cyclist(n.骑自行车的人)
重点短语：
right away ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(立刻;马上) as if(仿佛;好像) at an end(结束;终结) in ruins(严重受训;破败不堪) a great number of(许多) dig out(掘出;发现) instead of(而不是) be proud of(为……感到骄傲,自豪)
自主学习：
Warming up
合作探究
Task1.观察Page25Warming up中两个图片，分别让学生以小组为单位思考几个问题：
Picture1:
Have you ever heard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the earthquake in Tangshan Where does the city of Tangshan lie
Do you know when the earthquake happened
What happened to the city after the earthquake
参考答案：
Tangshan lies in the northeast of Hebei Province.
The earthquake hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t in the early morning, at 03:42:53.8 local time and lasted for around 15 seconds.
Picture2:
Can you tell me anything you know about San Francisco
Can you imagine what t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he city of San Francisco was like after the earthquake
参考答案：
San Francisco ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) lies in northern California and is surrounded on three sides by water. At 5:13 on the morning of April 18th,1906, thw city was shaken by a terrible earthquake. A great part of the city was destroyed and a large number of buildings were brunt. The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000. About 700 people died in the earthquake and the fires._
_____________________________________________________________________________
成果展示: 1.展示task1
2. Try to describe what is an earthquake in group.
An earthquake is w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat happens when two plates (板块) of the earth suddenly slip past one another.
Pre-reading:
合作探究
Task1: Imagine your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take Why
Task2: What do you think will happen before an earthquake
Animals, for exam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple, cows, pigs, horses, and snakes, are too nervous.
Task3:观察Page25 Pre-reading中的图片思考1、2的问题并填写下列表格：
In the well well water (rose and fell), (came out of) cracks and smelly gas
In the farmyard Chickens and pigs(nervous to eat), mice (run out), fish (jump)
In the sky bright lights, the sound of planes
In the city water pipes( cracked and burst)
成果展示:1.展示task3
2. List the signs before an earthquake:
1) Bright light flash in the sky.
2) The well has deep ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cracks in it, and the water in it rises and falls.
3) Chickens are fl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ying and dogs are barking, and pigs and cows are too nervous to eat.
4) Fish jump out of the pond, and mice run wildly out of the fields.
Reading:
自主学习
Task1:
预读课文，找出重点词汇
I．重点单词
1. well (n)井；泉水;源头,来源（adv.）很,相当(adj.) 健康(的),痊愈(的),健全(的)
2. burst（vi.）爆裂;爆发(n.)突然破裂；爆发 （过去式） burst（过去分词）burst
3. _event (n.)事件;大事（同义词）incident affair
4. _nation__ (n)民 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )族;国家;国民 (派生词)(adj.) 民族的;国民的;国家的national (adj.)国际的international 5. canal_ ( n.) 运河;水道 6. steam (n)蒸汽;水汽 7. dirt (n.) 污垢;泥土
8. ruin adj.）废墟;毁灭 (vt.)毁灭;使破产
9. _ suffering (n.)苦难;痛苦 (词根) suffer(vt.)遭受;遭遇
10. extreme (a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dj.)极度的 (派生词) extremely(adv.)极端地;非常地 11. injure (vt.) 损害;伤害
12.survivor(n.) 幸存者;生还者;残存物 (词根)survive (vt.)幸存
13.destroy (vt.)破坏;毁坏;消灭 (派生词)destruction(n.)破坏;灭亡
14. brick (n.)砖;砖块 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 15. dam(n.) 水坝;堰堤 16. track (n.) 轨道;足迹;痕迹
17. useless (adj.)无用的;无效的;无益的 (反义词)useful (adj.)有用的;有益的
18. shock (vt.&vi.)（使 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )）震惊;震动 (n.)休克;打击;震惊 19. rescue (n.&vt.)援救;营救
20. trap (vt.)陷入困境 (n.)陷阱;困境 21.electricity (n.)电，电流;电学 21.disaster (n.)灾害;灾祸
22.bury (vt.)埋葬;掩埋; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )隐藏 23.mine (n.)矿;矿山;矿井 (派生词)miner(n.) 矿工
24.shelter (n.)掩蔽;掩蔽处避身处
II. 重点短语
1. right away 立刻;马上
2.come out 出现;冒出
3.jump out of 从…中跳出
4.dig out 掘出;发现
5. as if 仿佛;似乎
6. at an end 结束;终结
7.cut across 横穿
8. in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
9.fall down 倒下
10. dig out 掘出;发现
合作探究
STEP 1: Skimming（Skim to get general ideas）
The passage mainly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )talks about a/an earthquake__ that happened in Tangshan_ in 1976.
STEP 2: Scanning(Sca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the passage and find out the topic sentence of each paragraph)
Paragraph Topic sentence Position in the paragraph
1 Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. beginning
2 Everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end. beginning
3 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. beginning
4 All hope was not lost. beginning
STEP3: Careful readi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng(Find the key words to support the topic sentences.)
成果展示: 展示step1,2,3并完成下列小题
Q1.听课文,完成下列选择题 。
1. The earthquake began at _c__.
A. 3:00 am, June 28, 1976
B. 3:00 am, July 28, 1976
C. 3:42 am, July 28, 1976
2. __b____ people were killed or injured in the quake.
A. Less than 400,000
B. More than 400,000
C. More than 150,000
Q2.Fill in the blanks according to the text.
Strange things hap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pened in Tangshan. For a few days, water in the wells rose and fell. From the cracks of wells, smelly gas came out. Mice, chicken, pigs and even fish became nervous. At 3:00 am, everything began to shake. It seemed that the world was at an end_. One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack cut across the city. The city lay in ruins.
Two-thirds of the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople died or were injured. Then later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. But all hope was not lost_. Soldiers came to help those survivors. Slowly, the city began to _ breathe again_.
（Keys: Q1. 1.C 2. B Q2. Strange things rose and fell cracks smelly gas nervous nervous shake at an end One-third felt A huge crack in ruins were injured shook how long the disaster would last how long the disaster would last was not lost survivors breathe again.
Comprehending
Task1:finish the exercisen1 and 3 on page27.
成果展示：展示task1
课后反思:
1. Try to finish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the exercise4 and 5 in group, and make a conclusion about what you have learnt on this lesson.
2. Think about som ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e questions: After read the news report, and see so many pictures, what impresses you most Why Or what do you learn from such a disaster (Self-rescue, environment protection, rebuilt, love and help)
3. Preview the language points.
课型二：词汇课(Learning about language)
学习目标：学习重点词汇，短语，句式。
自主学习：
词汇知识
1．Now, imagine there has been a big earthquake.
现在想象一下发生了一场大地震。
{句法分析}：这是一个 祈使 句。其 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中 there has been a big earthquake 是宾语 从句，是 there be 句型的现在完成 时。
1.）imagine vt.想象
用法：其宾语可以为名次、代词、动名词、、从句及复合宾语。（注意：imagine后的宾语不可以是不定式。）
搭配：imagine + n./doing sth. 想象…/做某事
imagine + sb./sb’s doing sth, 想象某人做某事
imagine + that/if/who…想象…
imagine sb./sth as/to be…想象/认为某人/事…
I often imagine flying in the sky in my childhood.
在孩提时代，我经常想象着在空中飞翔。
牛刀小试：
①I can’t imagine life in 2050 .我不能想象2050年的生活。
②Can you imagine her doing such work 你能想象她做这样的工作吗？
③Imagine that you are in a forest. 想象你在一片森林里。
④Don’t imagine yourself to be always correct.不要以为自己总是对的。
2．）…there has been…为 there be 结构的完成时态
<知识回顾> there be 结构（句型）：
There be 结构表示某事物的存在，是英语中的常用句型。使用该句型时要注意以下几点：
1>该句型中的 there 为引导词，本身无意义。
2>be 动词的单复数与其后最近的名词一致（即遵循就近原则）。
3>注意不要将has/have/had 代替there be 中的be。
4>勿使用两个谓语动词。
[经典例句]:
There are 72 students in our class.
There is a desk and three chairs in the room.
[知识拓展]
1>there be 句型 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中，谓语动词除be之外，还可以是某些状态动词，如：remain, lie, stand, exist, live等；以及表示位置转移的动词，如 arrive, come, enter, follow, rise 等。
【自我探究】
①There comes the bus.公交来了。
②There remains the problem of finance.财政问题仍然存在。
2>there be 句型中谓语动词还可以是appear, seem, happen以及“情态动词 + be”等。
【自我探究】
①There seemed to be no doubt about it.此事似乎毫无疑问了。
②Once upo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n a time, there lived two tigers in this mountain.很久以前这座山上有两只老虎。
③ There happened ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to be no students in the classroom when I got in.
2．Describe to your par ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tner what might happen to the objects in the photos.
向你的伙伴描述一下照片里这些东西发生了什么事。
{句法分析}：这也是一个祈使 句。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )其中 what might happen to the objects in the photos 是名词 性 从句，在句中作describe 的宾 语。
happen vi.发生;出现
牛刀小试：
①I’ll be there whatever happens .
不管发生什么事我都会等到那儿的。
②I don’t know how this happens.
我不知道这事怎么发生的。
【搭配】
… happen to sb./sth. 某人/物遭到/遭遇…
It (so)happens that…碰巧;恰好
to do sth. 碰巧做某事
happen to be doing sth 碰巧正在做某事
to have done sth. 碰巧做过某事
牛刀小试：
What happened to your car 你的车出了什么毛病？
An odd thing happened to him this morning. 他今天早上遇到一件怪事。
【自我探究】
It happened th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at (碰巧) he was out with his wife when I went to see them. (happen)
= He happened to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) be (碰巧)out with his wife when I went to see them. (happen)
潜心辨析：happen / take place/ occur
小试牛刀：
①What happened when you told him the news 你告诉他这消息时，他反应如何？
②More deaths occur in winter. 冬天死亡的人数多。
③The sports meeting ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) took place at 8:00 as planned. 运动会按计划在八点举行了。
3．Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.
想象一下你的家开始摇晃，你必须马上离开。
1.）shake vt.&vi. (shook 过去式， shaken 过去分词 )摇动；震动；晃动；
n. 摇动;震动;颤抖
[搭配]: shake hands w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ith sb. 与某人握手
shake sb. b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y the hand = shake one’s hand 与某人握手 shake one’s head 摇头
shake with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) anger /fear /langhter 气得/怕得/笑得发抖
shake like a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )leaf 全身发抖
小试牛刀：
It’s polite to shake hands with others. 与别人握手是一种礼貌的行为。
潜心辨析：shake /tremble /quake
小试牛刀：
①He felt the ground ____shaking_______________. 他觉得地面在摇动。
②His voice trembled with excitement. 它的声音因激动而颤抖。
③His hand shook as he signed the paper. 他在文件上签名时手在发抖。
2．）right away 立刻;马上
[拓展延伸]: “立刻，马上” 的表达方式
right now immediately at once in no time without delay
straight away
小试牛刀：
①I’ll be back in no time . 我马上就回来。
②Please do it at once . 请马上做。
③I want it typed right away please.
我需要立刻把他打印出来。
④He was asked to leave the company immediately . 他被要求马上离开公司。
4．For three days t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.
三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。
rise vi. 上升，升起；（价格、费用等）上涨；起身（=stand up）;起床（=get up）
n. 上升;(日,月,星的)出来
【自我探究】
The water level of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )this river is going to rise to (上升至) 17 meters because of the rain.（rise）
Sales rose by (增长了) 20% over the Christmas. (rise)
[归纳总结]： rise by 增长了……
rise to 增长到……
rise up (注：rise表“上升”时，后面不加 up, 以免重复，与 go up同义) 起义;反抗
小试牛刀：
①The little boy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) rose from the chair and rushed to his mother immediately when he saw her.
那个小韩海一看到他妈妈便立即从椅子上站起身来跑了过去。
②Early to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bed and early to rise makes a man healthy and wise. 早起早睡使人强壮聪明.
潜心辨析：rise / raise
词条 用法 例句
rise 不及物动词，“上升,升起;起立;起 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )床”，作“上升”讲时，常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、物价、温度等的自然“上升”或人“起立”等。说明主语自身移向较高的位置。过去式为 rose ;过去分词为 risen The price of tomatoes has risen recently. 最近西红柿的价格提高了。（由于市场的原因）The child rose from the ground. 这孩子从地上站了起来。（强调自己站了起来）
raise 及物动词，意思是“举起;提高;饲养;种植”等。说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的。过去式 raised 过去分词raised The price of tom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atoes has been raised recently. 最近西红柿的价格被提高了。（由于政府提价或其他人为原因）
小试牛刀：用rise或raise填空：
①The price of the food rose everywhere because of the war.
②The sun had just risen .
③Her job is raising pigs and chickens.
试着翻译上面的三个句子：
④Many women return to work after raising their families.
许多妇女在子女长大后重新就业。
We are raising money to pay for a new hospital ward.
我们正筹集资金建一个病房。
5．In the farmyard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
在农家大院里，鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不想进食。
[品味经典]：
He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了，说不出话来。
They reach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed the station too late to catch the train. 他们到火车站太迟了，没赶上火车。
【自我探究】：
以上句式用了too...to结 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )构，意思为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义。但是当too...to...用来修饰表示态度、情绪、倾向等的形容词时，如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等，不定式为肯定意义。而当too 前有副词 far, much, but或only修饰，此结构也没有否定意义，而表示肯定，意为“非常/十分……”
He remarked he was too delighted to visit our city. 他说他很高兴访问我市。
The man was far too much anxious to leave. 那个人非常急于离开。
小试牛刀：
(1)这个箱子太重，提不起来。
The box is too heavy to lift.
(2)老师们很乐意接受对他们的教学方法提出的建议
Teachers are too g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lad to accept the suggestions on their teaching method.
[思维点激] too…to…中的too前有否定词（如never, can’t等）时，此结构表示 肯定
意为 再……都不为过 。
It is never too late to learn. 翻译：活到老，学到老。
[合作探究]：试总结too…to…的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用法：
6. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂了。
[品味经典]：
He felt he would burst with anger and shame. 他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。
The dam burst under the weight of water. 大坝在水的巨大压力下溃决了。
He burst into the room without knocking. 他没敲门就闯进了屋子。
The sun burst through the clouds. 太阳破云而出。
The words burst from her in an angry rush. 她脱口说出了那一堆气话。
There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间突然爆发出一阵笑声。
[自我探究]：
burst既是名词也是动词，意为“爆炸；猛冲；爆发；突然出现”。
[归纳拓展]：
burst into 突然闯入，突然……起来，后接名词 （burst into + n.=brust out doing）
burst into tears/laughter 突然哭/笑起来
burst into a room (闯)进房间
burst out 突然开始，后接v. ing形式；(战争、疾病等)突然发生(＝break out)
burst out crying/laughing 突然哭/笑起来
burst in 突然插嘴，打断谈话
小试牛刀：
(1)He suddenly burst into tears/burst out crying (哭了起来).
(2)The audience burst into cheers/burst out cheering (爆发了一阵欢呼声).
(3)The war burst out/broke out (爆发).
7. But the o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
但是唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
{句法分析}：who t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hought little of these events是由who引导的非限制定语从句，用来说明先行词 the one million people of the city, 就其意义来说，在剧中相当于一个并列的句子。因此，这个句子也可以改写成：But the one million people of the city thought little of these events, and were asleep as usual that night.
1>think little of 不重视……;认为……没有什么了不起;对……评价不高
[经典例句]：
I thought little of what he said at that time. 我当时没有重视他说的话。
Mr Wang thinks ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )much of his work, but thinks little money. 王先生重视工作，轻视金钱。
I gave him some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )advice, but he thought little of it. 我给他提了几条建议，但他根本不理会。
[归纳总结]：
think much/ highly / a lot of 重视;看重;对……评价高
think nothing / little of 轻视;认为……没什么了不起
2>event n.事件，大事;（体育比赛等的）项目，赛事
[经典例句]：
That was an important historical event. 那是一个重大的历史事件。
A daughter’s marriage is quite an event for a father.
女儿的婚事对父亲而言确实是件大事。
潜心辨析：accident / event / incident
accident 指“意外的事故”，事故。
event 通常指较重要的事件，“大事”
incident 常指较小的事件;也可指可能会发展成战争等的政治事件。
3>as usual 是固定短语，意思是“照常;照例”
The little boy went school as usual that day.
那天，那个小男孩照常去上学。
小试牛刀：
1.完成句子
那儿似乎每个人对她评价很高。
Everyone there seems to think very highly of her.
他认为一天走30英里不足为奇。
He thinks little / nothing of walking 30 miles a day.
2.用 accident, event , incident 填空
The discovery of America was a great event .
Carelessness often causes accidents .
Do you know how July 7th incident took place
8. Two thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
三分之二的人在地震中受伤或死去。
1>two-third 三分之一。分数的表达如下：
1）前面不带整数的分数一般都用文字表 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )示，分子用基数（one, two,……），分母用序数（first， second，……），当分子超过1时，分母的字尾需加s。如：
If an apple is cul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t into six equal slices, each slice is called one-sixth. If you eat two slices, you eat two-sixths or one-third. 如果一个苹果被分成六等分，每一份就是1/6；如果你吃掉两块，就是吃掉了2/6或1/3。
2）前面带有整数的分数用数字表示，但放在句首时则用文字。如：
Your bag is 2 1/2 times the weight of mine. 你的包是我的包的2.5倍。
Two and a quarter inc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hes of rain fell over the weekend. 周末降雨量达2 1/4英寸。
[温馨提示]
名词被分数修饰作主语时，谓语的单复数由名词决定。
小试牛刀：
①Three-fourths of the homework has been finished (已经完成了)。（finish）
②Two thirds (三分之二)of the land in my hometown is covered with trees and grass. (third)
③Two sevenths of the students are girls. 2/7的学生是女生。
2> injure
[品味经典]:
I was injured in a street accident. 我在一次车祸中受了伤。
John fell off the tree and injured his back. 约翰从树上摔下来把背部摔伤了。
[自我探究]：
injure，词性为动词，意为“损害，伤害”。
[归纳拓展]：
injury n. 伤害，损伤
injured adj. 受伤的
the injured 受伤的人；伤员(表示一类人)
潜心辨析：injure，hurt，wound，harm
小试牛刀：
1.吸烟太多会损害你的健康。
You will harm your health by smoking too much.
2.用injure，hurt，wound，harm完成下列句子
①He hurt his foot while playing football.
②The soldier received two wounds in the battle.
③The sudden heavy snow did great harm to the crops.
④He injured his hand in the car accident.
9. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就沦为了废墟。
[品味经典]：
He wanted to beco ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me a doctor but his mother’s death was the ruin of his hope.
他想当医生，但他母亲的死使他的希望破灭了。
She poured water over my painting and ruined it.
她把水浇在我的画上，将画毁掉了。
We visited the ruins of the temple.
我们参观了那个庙宇的遗迹。
The castle is now in ruins.
城堡现在已成废墟。
[自我探究]：
ruin动词或名词，意为“毁 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )灭，毁坏”，其复数形式ruins意为“废墟，遗迹”，in ruins 意为“成为废墟”。ruin表示的强度较大，指把某物损坏到不能再使用的程度。
小试牛刀：
The fire left the temple .
A. ruin B.in ruin C. ruins D.in ruins（答案D）
10.Some of the rescue ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
有些医生和营救人员被困在了废墟之下。
[品味经典]：
The lifeboat was sent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship.
救生艇被派出去救沉船上的水手。
The rescue team came t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the visitors’ rescue on the island. 救援队去营救岛上的游客。
The car was trapped in the deep snow. 车陷在深雪中了。
I was trapped into signing a confession. 我被诱骗在供词上签了字。
[自我探究]：
rescue，名词或动词，意为“营救”，rescue sb. from...意为“从……中把人救出来”；
the rescue team意为“救援队”；come/go to sb.’s rescue意为“营救某人”。
be trapped in/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )by...意为“困在……中”；trap sb. into doing sth. / sth.意为“诱骗某人做某事”。
[归纳拓展]：
小试牛刀：
(1)The soldiers have tried to go to rescue in the lake.
A. the boy B. their C. the D. the boy’s （答案 D）
(2)The girl cried because she the elevator.
A. has trappe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d in B. had trapped by C. was trapped with D. was trapped in （答案D）
11.To the nor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th of the city，most of the 10，000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. 在城市的北部，有一个有万名矿工的煤矿，其中多数人得救了。
[品味经典]：
①To the south of the mountain，there is a river. 在山的南面有一条河。
②To the east of the village lies a factory. 村东有个工厂。
③East of the town is a tower. 城东有个塔。
[自我探究]：
在例①中，to the sou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th of the mountain在句中作状语 。在例②中，表示方位的to the east of the village置于句首 ，本句用了倒装结构，该短语也可省略为像例③的east of the village形式。
[归纳拓展]：
方位词位于句首 时，常用句式为：(To the)East/West...＋动词＋主语。
小试牛刀：
stands a tower.
A. To east of the hill B. The east of the hill
C. In the east of the hill D. East of the hill （答案 D）
12.It was a frightening night. 这是一个骇人的夜晚。
Frighten-ing adj. 令人恐惧的;吓人的;可怕的
[经典例句]：
All the stone figures in the temple looked so frightening.
庙里所有的石像看上去都那么令人恐惧
Don’t stand so near the well. You are frightening me.
别站得离井这么近，你吓死我了。
The frightened girl hid herself behind the big tree.
这个吓坏了的小女孩藏在了大树后。
I still remember the frightening experience on the lonely island.
我依然记得在那个偏僻的岛上的骇人的经历。
[知识拓展]：
小试牛刀：
用frighten的适当形式填空
(1)It’s frightening to think how easily children can be hurt.
(2)There was a frightening storm last night.
(3)Don’t be frightened. We’re not going to hurt you.
(4)Some of the children cried out in fright.
(5)The young lady was frightened to drive alone.
难句剖析：
1. It seemed as if the world was at an end! 仿佛到了世界末日！（P26L9）
{句法分析}:It seems + seemed (to sb.) + as if…是常用句型，意思是“好像……；似乎……”
1> as if
[品味经典]：
①You look/looked as if you had seen a ghost. 你的神色看起来像撞到鬼了。
②He looks as if he were an artist. 看上去他好像是个艺术家似的。
③She speaks English ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so fluently as if she had studied English in America.
她讲英语很流利，就像在美国学习过似的。
④It seems as if it’s going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨了。
⑤It seemed as if ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he wasn’t satisfied with your work. 看来他好像对你的工作不满意。
[自我探究]：
as if系从属连词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，意为“好 像”。根据情况，as if从句中可使用真实语气，如例句④⑤， 表示事实如此；从句也可用虚拟语气，如例句①②③，表示事实并非如此。as if从句表示 的动作如果指现在的动作，从句的谓语用一般过去时(be用were)；如果表示过去的动作， 从句中用过去完成时；如果指将来，则用would＋动词原形。
[归纳总结]：
He shook his head as if to say “No”.他摇了摇头，似乎想说“不”。
When he had fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nished，he waited as if for a reply. 讲完后，他等着，仿佛在等一个答复。
He looked around as if for help. 他环视四周，好像在寻求帮助。
小试牛刀：
(1)It seems as i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f she the novel but in fact she’s never heard of it at all.
A. had read B. has read C .read D. would read （答案 A）
(2)The man we foll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )owed suddenly stopped and looked as if whether he was going in the right direction.
A .seeing B .having seen C.to see D.to have seen （答案 C）
(3)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday.
A. was happening ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. happens C. has happened D. happened （答案D）
2>at an end 结束;终结
[经典例句]：
The war was at last at an end. 战争终于结束了。
The hot summer is at an end. 炎热的夏天结束了。
潜心辨析：at an end (of) / by the end of / in the end
at the end (of) 既可以作时间状语也可以作地点状语， 表示“在……末”，“在……的尽头，在……的末梢”。
by the end of 用作时间状语，表示“到……末为止;不迟于……”，强调最后时限，常和过去完成时态或将来完成时态连用。
in the end 用作时间状语，表示“最后，终于”，不可与of连用。
小试牛刀：
用end短语填空：
①They will be back at the end of this month.
②When the meeting was at an end , it was already midnight.
③I will have learnt 3,000 English words by the end of this month.
④He tried many jobs and in the end he became a post man.
2. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.(P26L18)
所见之处，几乎一切都被毁了
{句法分析}：该句是一个主从复合句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，句中everywhere用作连词，相当于wherever或no matter where, 引导地点状语从句。
[品味经典]：
①His dog follows him everywhere he goes. 无论到哪里，他那条狗总跟着他。
②I can’t fin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d my pen though I’ve looked everywhere. 我到处找那支钢笔，可就是找不到。 ③Everywhere seemed silent. 万籁俱寂。
④Fire destroyed the forest. 大火烧毁了森林。
⑤The heavy st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orms destroyed a good part of our crops. 几场暴雨把大部分庄稼都毁坏了。
[自我探究]：
在例①中，everywhere用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作连词，引导状语从句，意为“无论何处”；在例②中词性是副 词，意为“到处，处处”，在例③中词性是名词，意为“每个地方”。在例④⑤中，destroy词性是动 词，意为“破坏，毁坏，消灭”。
潜心辨析： destroy，damage， ruin
小试牛刀：
用destroy, damage, ruin的适当形式填空
(1)What left the town in ruins
(2)The fire destroyed their houses and they became homeless.
(3)The fire did great damage to the town.
3. All hope was not lost. (P26L28)
并不是所有的希望都破灭了。
{句法分析}：这是一个表示部分否定 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的句子。句型All… not…或Not all…均表示部分否定，可翻译成“不是所有的……” 或“并非所有的”
[品味经典]：
Not all the answers are right. ＝All the answers are not right.
并非所有的答案都对。
Not every boy likes football. ＝Every boy does not like football.
并不是每个男孩都喜欢足球。
Both of them don’t like English. 他们俩并不都喜欢英语。
[自我探究]：
以上例句在意义上都表示部分否定，译为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“并不是所有的都……；两者不都……”；其构成条件是not＋all/every/both...或all/every/both...＋not。
[归纳拓展]：
Neither of them is doctors.他们俩都不是医生。
No boy likes football. 没有一个男孩喜欢足球。
小试牛刀：
(1)All men here are not honest. 这儿的人并非都诚实。
(2)Both of the brothers don’t like the film. 兄弟俩并不都喜欢这部电影。
(3)Not everything went well with him. 他并非每件事情都顺利。
(4)I never get up late. 我从不晚起床。
(5)None of my friends smoke. 我的朋友都不吸烟。
(6)Nothing is needed. 什么都不需要。
4. The army organ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(P26L31)
部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人挖出来，将死者掩埋。
{句法分析}：句子中的who were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) trapped是定语从句。（当先行词是those ,anybody ,he等表示人的词时，定语从句习惯用who 来引导，不能用that代替。）
句中to dig out…and to bury…是两个并列的动词不定式短语作目的状语
1>dig out 挖出;翻出，找出
[经典例句]：
Let’s dig out the roots. 咱们把根挖出来吧。
Why did you dig out those old magazings 你为何翻出那些旧杂志？
[知识拓展]：
2>bury vt. 埋葬;埋藏;使陷入
[经典例句]：
She buried her f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ace in her hands and cried.
[知识拓展]：
bury oneself in = be buried in 埋头于……；专心于……
devote oneself to = be devoted to 专心于……;献身于……
be lost in 陷入……中
小试牛刀：
(1)Since she left, he has buried himself in his work(全身心扑在工作上).（bury）
(2)She was buried in the country (隐居乡间)to write a book.（bury）
3> the dead 死者，形容词或过去分词加定冠词the 常用来表示一类人或一类东西。
[自我探究]：
The rich 富人 the young 年轻人 the old 老年人
The deaf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )聋人 the blind 盲人 the injured 受伤的人
The new 新事物;新来的人 the ordinary 普通人/事物
The unusual 不同寻常的东西 the poor 穷人
5. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这个城市又开始出现了生机。(P26L37)
breath 在这儿是一种拟人化的使用方法，表达了作者对这个被地震摧毁的城市又重现生机的喜悦与关切。例如：
The City of New York never sleeps. 纽约是一座不夜城。
Thirsty soil drank in the rain. 饥渴的土壤在雨中畅饮。
小试牛刀：
Did you see the anger of the tempest(暴风雨)？
你见过暴风雨的愤怒吗？
The flower nodded in the breeze and spoke from the heart.
花儿在微风中点头，发出内心的倾诉。
课后自主反思
同学们，经过了课前自主预习和课堂自主学习 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )之后，相信你一定有了一些收获吧，是掌握了必须学习的知识点 或是掌握了一些学习上的技巧与方法 或者还有什么有待改进的地方？在下面动笔写写吧，善于总结的学生才是会学习的学生！
这一阶段我学会了这样一些语言知识：
单词和词组：____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________ _ _
语法点： ____________________________________________________________ _
这一阶段我突破了这样一些重难点：
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
这一阶段我觉得还需要提高的是：
________________________ ___
课型三：语法课（Discovering useful structure）定语从句(Ⅰ)
学习目标：定语从句的用法
自主学习，合作探究：
Task1:观察教材Discoveri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng useful structures部分的练习1中的例句，并用who/where/when/whom/that/which/whose填空(回顾课文中所出现的定语从句)
1）But the one millio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n people of the city, ______thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. (U4 P26)
2）It was felt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in Beijing, _______ is more than two hundred kilometers away. (U4 P26)
3）The number ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of people ______ were killed or injured reached more than 400, 000. (U4 P26)
4）Workers built shel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ters for survivors _______ homes had been destroyed. (U4 P26)
语法探究：
1.定语从句的定义及分类
2.关系代词的指代及功能
Task2:根据上述对定语从句的归纳，完成下列句子。
1）The old man has a son________ is in the army.
那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子。
2）The parcel _________is red in color is about to be posted. 颜色为红色的小包将被邮寄。
3）I bought the same dictionary _____you have yesterday.
昨天我买了一本和你有的一样的词典。
4）I met an old woma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n yesterday ______ sons all had ever studied abroad.
昨天我遇到一位老妇人，她的儿子都曾到国外学习过。
5）He bought a house last week _______window is made of wood.
上周他买了一所房子，窗户是由木头做的。
6）The man ________you met just now is my friend.你刚才碰见的那个人是我的朋友。
1）This is the ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )use (that/which) I lived in when I was a child. 这就是我还是个孩子时居住的房子。(宾语，可省)
2）She is the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )girl(that/who/whom)we have been looking for. 这就是我们一直在寻找的女孩。(宾语，可省)
3）I have been to the city twice _________you just visited.
4）Generation gap is a problem _________people are interested in.
3.关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况
1）. 当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词时
The teacher trie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d his best to teach his students all that he had learnt in his life.
这位老师尽力把他平生所学都教给了他的学生。
e.g. Have you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )taken down everything ____ Mr. Li has said 你记下李老师所说的话了吗？
2）. 当先行词被very, bot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h, the only, all, every, no, any, little, much, some修饰时
I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.
我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。
e.g. The old car is the only thing ____ he owns.
e.g. I have done all the work ____ he told me to do.
3）. 当先行词被形容词的最高级、序数词修饰时
She was surprised at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the beautiful flower and thought that it was the most beautiful one _____ she had ever seen. 她很惊奇于这朵漂亮的花，她认为这是她曾见到过的最漂亮的花。
I will alwa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ys remember the first lesson _____was given by Miss Dora. 我将永远记住多拉女士上的第一节课。
4）. 当先行词既包括人又包括物时
He hasn’t sent us the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) workers and equipment that we need. 他没有给我们送来我们需要的工人和设备。
e.g. Can you re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )member the scientist and his theory _____ we have learned
5）. 当主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时
Which is the copy that you like best
你最喜欢的版本是哪个
e.g. Who is the person _____ is standing at the gate
6）. 当先行词在句中作表语时, 无论先行词是人还是物
She is no longer the person that she was.
她不再是以前的她了。
e.g. The school is quite different from the one _____ it used to be.
Task3:完成P29的Ex2。
Task4:合作探究，小组讨论完成P29的Ex3.
三、成果展示，Task1,2,3.
检测反馈：
单项选择：
1).The police finall ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y caught up with the man _____was the escaped prisoner.
A. who they thought B. whom they thought
C. they thought D. that they thought him
2).The reason _____she explained seemed reasonable.
A. why B. that C. what D .if
3).Willie has co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mplained to the sales manager about the PC he bought _____screen exploded for no reason.
A. which B. who C. whose D. that
4.)The single ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) most important factor ____contributes to success is what you do every single day.
A. what B. which C.不填 D. that
5).This is a readi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng-room, boy. You must act in a way____ won’t disturb others.
A. in which B. it C. which D .as
6).What impres ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sed me most were the things and persons ______we talked about at the meeting last week.
A. that B. which C. who D. what
2. 完成句子(用定语从句)
1）. He showed me the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )place __________________________(他丢钱包的地方). (where)
2）. I don’t know the girl__________________________(和你说话的女孩). (whom)
3）. Wang Wei a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd Wang Kun were cycling along the river ________________________ (被称为澜沧江)in China. (which)
4）. The day _________________________ (他将永不会忘记的) is special for him. (which)
5）. I looked up at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my friend ___________________________________________ (她的脸上的表情是坚决的). (determined)
6). The water in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the village wells _______________________________(水井的墙壁有很深的裂缝)rose and fell. (whose, cracks)
7). The earthquake di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d great damage to the bridges, ___________________________ (这些桥通行不安全). (which，travel)
8). Many shelters ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) were set up for those _______________________________ (他们的家园被毁)in the disaster. (destroy)
9). Wang Wei and Wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng Kun finally began their trip ______________________________(他们梦想拥有的). (dream)
10). Along the r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oad the children ______________________________(穿着长毛大衣)stopped to look at them. (who)
11). In the valley ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s __________________________________ (上个月他们参观的地方)，they saw many sheep eating green grass. (which)
12). This is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the young man _____________________________(他的父母在洪水中丧生). (lose)
13) The man____________________________ (住在我们隔壁) is my English teacher. (who)
14). The only langu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )age _______________________(容易学的)is the mother tongue. (that)
15). This is the only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) article of these _____________________________ (由他写的). (that)
课型四: 综合语言技能课 (Using language)
一、学习内容：Reading and speaking(p.30) and listening (p. 31);
二、学习目标：
1. 能力目标
在本节课结束时，学生能够
把握来信的要点，并根据提示尽可能地使用所提供的句型结构准备一篇演讲稿。
能听懂记者采访内容。
能模仿听力内容，练习句子的连读与不完全爆破。
2．目标语言
重点词汇和短语
Congratulations , judge, outline, headline, honour
重点句型结构
Be proud of, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s you know,
三、学习过程：
Reading and speaking
Ⅰ.Lead in
Task1. Have you ever written a speech
Task2. What is a speech
Speech means an act of speaking formally to a group of listeners.
Task3. What do you have to consider when you are writing a speech
Please discuss it in pairs.
(1)Who is the audience
(2)How can we express ourselves clearly
II.Task4.What sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould you include in your speech when you try to write a speech
Read the let ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter on Page 30 and imagine you are the student who was invited to give a speech. Now write a short speech，in which you should follow the points in Exercise 2 on Page 30.
展示成果
展示task1,2,3,4,评选优秀演讲稿
Listening
Task1. Discuss q ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uestion1 on page31 in group, and prepare for listening.
Task2.Listen to the tape and do exercise2 on page 31.
Task3.Try t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o answer the questions of exercise3 and take some notes while listening again.
Task4.mak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e dialogues in group about what you have heard in this tape.
展示成果
展示task1,2,3,4,以小组为单位核对听力答案
Language points:
1.(P30. Line ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6).Congratulations！We are pleased to tell you that you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.
恭喜你！我们很高兴地告诉你，你在以新唐山为主题的演讲比赛中获得第一名。
[品味经典]：
Congratulations! I hea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r you’ve passed the examinations. 祝贺你！听说你通过考试了。
Please accept my congratulations on your marriage. 请接受我对您的新婚祝贺。
Congratulations on the success to you! 祝贺你，你成功了！
[自我探究]：
congratulation，词性 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )名词，常用其复数形式表达祝贺；“祝贺某人某事”表达为 congratulations on sth.to sb.
[归纳拓展]：
congratulate v.祝贺 congratulate sb. on sth.祝贺某人某事
小试牛刀：
我祝贺你成功。
(1)I congratulate you on your success.
(2)Congratulations on your success.
2. (P30. Line7).Your s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )peech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.
演讲评委会的五个评委听了你的演讲，都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。
[品味经典]：
The judge thought highly of your speech. 这个裁判对你的演讲高度评价。
Don’t judge a person by his appearance. 不要以貌取人
[自我探究]：
judge，名词，意为“裁判员，法官”；也可作动词，意为“断定，判决”。
judge...by/from...意为“根据……判断……”
[归纳拓展]：
judging by/from...意为“从……来判断”，在句中作插入语，不受句子主语的限制。
小试牛刀：
Judging from his accent, he comes from Shandong. 从口音判断，他来自山东。
Judging by his look，he wasn’t pleased. 从表情上看他
(1)Don’t judge a book its cover.
A. from B. about C. for D. with (答案 A)
(2) from his words，his work is going well.
A. Judge B. To judge C. Judged D. Judging （答案D）
3.(P30L8)Your parents and your school should be proud of you！
你的父母和学校应该非常为你感到自豪。
Be proud of “为……感到自豪/骄傲”。
[拓展]：
proud的名词是pride, 常用搭配有：
take pride in ( = be proud of ) 以……为骄傲;为……而自豪
with pride ( = proudly) 自豪地
小试牛刀：
比赛的胜利者自豪地走上了舞台。
The winner of the competition walked onto the stage with pride .
4. (P30L12)As you know, this is the day the quake happened……
你知道，……这一天正是唐山发生地震的日子。
as you know 是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )非限制性定语从句，as代替整个主句的内容。 as引导非限制性定语从句时放在主句前后均可，意为“正如”，后边的谓语动词多是see, know, except, say, mention, report等。
[自我探究]：
He has been absent again, as is expected. 他又缺席了，这在预料之中。
As is known to us, China has the largest population in the world.
众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
As was re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ported, India failed in sending up a satellite. 据报道，印度发射卫星失败。
5. (P31L5)The man was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened. 那个人正在楼下睡觉，突然发生了地震。
{句法分析}：该句中when为并列连词，意为“就在这时、突然”，相当于 and then, just at this time.
[自我探究]：
本句型用法包括：
（1）sb. was /were doing sth. when… 某人正在做某事，这时……
小试牛刀：
I was walking along the street when I heard my name called.
我正在街上走着，突然听到有人叫我。
I was riding on my bike when a car knocked me down from behind.
我正骑着自行车，这时一辆汽车从后面把我撞倒了。
（2）sb. be about to do sth. when…某人正准备做某事，这时……
I was just about to go out when the telephone rang.
交际用语：
1.叙述过去的经历
[合作探究]:
Task1: try to find th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e expressions and sentences talking about past experience.
Task2:share your own past experience with your partner.
2.表达谢意
[合作探究]：
Task3:think about the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) way you express thanks and make dialogues with the use of the tips exercise2 on page30.
展示成果
展示task1/2/3,小组总结并列出常用表达。
课型五：写作课（Reading and writing）
一、学习内容：Reading and writing (p. 31-32);
二、学习目标：
1．能力目标
在本节课结束后，学生能够
阅读并理解新闻报道，找出新闻的标题，领会其大意和细节。
学会用写作提纲来写新闻报道。
纠正同伴在写作中的错误，掌握评价写作的基本标准。
2．目标语言
重点词汇和短语
Outline, headline, cyclist
重点语言：
A newspaper outline usually includes:
A headline
A list of main ideas
A list of important details
三、学习过程：
Part 1 reading
自主学习
[合作探究]
Part 2 Writing
合作探究
Brainstorming 头脑风暴
1.小组讨论下列问题：how to write a news report and what’s the principle
自主学习
1 学生两人小组讨论如何写好新闻报道，明确新闻要素以及报道的原则（时效，真实，简明）。
2. 教师提示学生关注教材中所提供新闻材料，共同分析新闻报道的写法等。
3.让学生按照写作要点提纲，在25分钟内独立完成新闻报道
展示成果
1. 展示新闻标题与提纲。
2. 展示优秀新闻报道。
Task1快速阅读教材中31页的新闻报道，掌握新闻大意。
Task2试列出新闻报道的导语以及提纲。
[展示成果]
展示task1/2，并总结新闻的报道方式
[归纳总结]
hospitals, factories, buildings,
bricks, dams, bridges,
railway tracks, cows,
pigs and chickens
destroyed
After the earthquake
the army helps, dig out, bury the
dead, miners rescued, built shelter
rescue
The city began to breathe again
happen 为常用词，用于偶然发生的事件。
occur 表示“偶然发生”时为正式用语。
Take place 通常用于已计划、安排或人们积极参与的事情。
shake 常用词，表示短促而迅速地上下来回摇动之意。
tremble 尤指身体因恐惧、寒冷、激动而轻微的快速、不由自主地颤抖。
Quake 较正式，常同tremble ,但含“猛烈”的意思。
(1)injure多指造成容颜、机能的损害；在事故中受伤。其名词为injury.
(2)hurt一般指精神上或肉体上受到伤害，有强烈的疼痛感。其名词仍为hurt.
(3)wound指(人)在战斗、攻击中受伤,通常是外伤。 其名词为wound.
(4)harm常用于口语，一般用作及物动词，表示“对……有害/损害”。用于指肉体上或精神上的伤害均可，还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。其名词仍为harm.
be caught in＝be stuck in＝be trapped in均意为“困在……中”。
rescue…from…把……从……中救出来
The firemen rescued a boy from the burning house.
frighten vt. 使惊吓;吓唬 fright n.恐吓;害怕
be frightened of (doing )sth. 害怕（做某事）
at sth. 因……而害怕
as if从句的主语如果和主句的主语一致，同时从句的谓语中含有be的某种形式，这时可以把从句的主语和be省去，后面保留介词短语、分词短语或不定式短语等形式。
(1)destroy指彻底的损坏，常含不能或很难修复的意思。destroy可接人，也可以接物。
(2)damage损坏，毁坏，指部分损坏，降低某物的价值。damage通常接物。
(3)ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打击的结果。常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。
“all，every，both等全肯定词＋not＋谓语动词”或“not＋all，every，both等全肯定词＋谓语动词”构成部分否定。所谓全肯定词，是指含有全体意义的代词与副词，常见的有： all，both，always，every(everybody，everyone，everything，everywhere)等。如果表示全部否定，要分别用none，neither，never，no，nobody，nothing，nowhere。
dig up 翻挖;找出，查明 dig into 深入钻研;挖掘
dig at 钻研;挖苦（嘲笑） dig through 挖通
在写新闻报道时，首先要注意新闻的标题具有语言幽默风趣的特点，有较强的吸引力。同时，写作依据的材料要充分，要用事实来说话，语言力求简洁。最后，报道中要有亮点，能引人深思或能让人产生强烈的兴趣。
新闻报道的结构一般分为四个部分：
(一)标题、(二)导语、(三)主体、(四)结语。
标题是新闻的题目，是编辑对最有新闻价值内容的浓缩、概括、提炼和再创造。撰写标题是为了撷取新闻要点、诠释新闻意义、吸引读者阅读。在今天繁忙的现代社会中，报纸的读者大多是标题浏览者。
导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话，它扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。主体是消息的主要部分，它用充足的事实表现主题，是对导语内容的进一步开展和阐释。
新闻报道的结语一般是最后一句话或者一段话，通常对全文内容作概括性的总结，或对新闻事件的发展趋势作出预测。有时，作者根据报道的事实在结语中提出令人深思的问题。
一般来说，标题、导语和主体是构成新闻报道的必不可少的三部分。可根据新闻报道的内容来确定是否要结语或其他内容(如事件和历史背景等).有时,还可将它们暗含在主体中。
课题：Unit 4 Earthquake 授课教师： 班级： 学生：
课型一：阅读课(warming up, pre-reading, reading and comprehending)
课型二：词汇课(Learning about language)
课型三：语法课(Discovering useful structure)
课型四；语言技能课(Using language)
课型五：写作课(Reading and writing)
课型六：测试课
课型一：阅读课
学习内容：warming up ,pre-reading, reading and comprehending
一、学习目标：
1．能力目标：
1）学生通过阅读文章能够对自然灾害有更深的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了解，在了解相关知识的基础上，掌握防御和应对自然灾害的知识和方法，能运用所学知识描述地震的成因、预兆、地震造成的损失、地震时的应急救生以及震后的救援。
2）学习并初步掌握本单元的词汇和句型，并掌握如何讨论过去的事情和表达谢意。
3）学习并初步掌握以that，which，who和whose引导的定语从句。
4）学生能够学会先拟定写作提纲写新闻报道和演讲稿。
2．词汇目标：
Earthquake（） quake w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ell() pipe(n.导管) burst (vi.爆裂；爆发) million (n.百万) event(n.事件,大事) nation(n.民族;国家;国民) canal(n.运河;水道) stream(n.蒸汽;水汽) dirt(n.污垢;
泥土) ruin(n.废墟;毁灭) suffering(n.苦难;痛苦) extreme(adj.极度的) injure(vt.损害;伤害) destroy(vt..破坏;毁坏;消灭) brick(n.砖;砖块) dam(n.水坝；堰堤) track(n.轨道;足迹;痕迹) useless(adj.无用的;无效的;无益的) shock(vt&vi使震惊;震动 n.休克;打击;震惊) rescue(n.&vt援救;营救) trap(vt.使陷入困境 n.陷阱;困境) electricity(n.电;电流;电学) disaster(n.灾难;灾祸) bury(vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏) mine(n.矿矿山矿井) miner(n.矿工) shelter(n.掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处) title(n.标题;头衔;资格) reporter(n.记者) bar(n.条;棒;条状物) damage(n.&vt.损失;损害) frighten(vt.使惊吓;吓唬)frightened(adj.受惊吓的) frightening(adj.令人恐惧的) congratulation(n.祝贺;贺词复数) judge(n.裁判员;法官 vt.断定;判断;判决) sincerely(adv.真诚的;真挚的) express(vt.表示;表达 n.快车;速递) outline(n.要点;大纲;轮廓) headline(n.报刊的大字标题) cyclist(n.骑自行车的人)
重点短语：
right away ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(立刻;马上) as if(仿佛;好像) at an end(结束;终结) in ruins(严重受训;破败不堪) a great number of(许多) dig out(掘出;发现) instead of(而不是) be proud of(为……感到骄傲,自豪)
自主学习：
Warming up
合作探究
Task1.观察Page25Warming up中两个图片，分别让学生以小组为单位思考几个问题：
Picture1:
Have you ever heard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the earthquake in Tangshan Where does the city of Tangshan lie
Do you know when the earthquake happened
What happened to the city after the earthquake
参考答案：
Tangshan lies in the northeast of Hebei Province.
The earthquake hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t in the early morning, at 03:42:53.8 local time and lasted for around 15 seconds.
Picture2:
Can you tell me anything you know about San Francisco
Can you imagine what t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he city of San Francisco was like after the earthquake
参考答案：
San Francisco ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) lies in northern California and is surrounded on three sides by water. At 5:13 on the morning of April 18th,1906, thw city was shaken by a terrible earthquake. A great part of the city was destroyed and a large number of buildings were brunt. The number of people who lost homes reached as many as 250,000. About 700 people died in the earthquake and the fires._
_____________________________________________________________________________
成果展示: 1.展示task1
2. Try to describe what is an earthquake in group.
An earthquake is w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat happens when two plates (板块) of the earth suddenly slip past one another.
Pre-reading:
合作探究
Task1: Imagine your ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take Why
Task2: What do you think will happen before an earthquake
Animals, for exam ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple, cows, pigs, horses, and snakes, are too nervous.
Task3:观察Page25 Pre-reading中的图片思考1、2的问题并填写下列表格：
In the well well water (rose and fell), (came out of) cracks and smelly gas
In the farmyard Chickens and pigs(nervous to eat), mice (run out), fish (jump)
In the sky bright lights, the sound of planes
In the city water pipes( cracked and burst)
成果展示:1.展示task3
2. List the signs before an earthquake:
1) Bright light flash in the sky.
2) The well has deep ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cracks in it, and the water in it rises and falls.
3) Chickens are fl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ying and dogs are barking, and pigs and cows are too nervous to eat.
4) Fish jump out of the pond, and mice run wildly out of the fields.
Reading:
自主学习
Task1:
预读课文，找出重点词汇
I．重点单词
1. well (n)井；泉水;源头,来源（adv.）很,相当(adj.) 健康(的),痊愈(的),健全(的)
2. burst（vi.）爆裂;爆发(n.)突然破裂；爆发 （过去式） burst（过去分词）burst
3. _event (n.)事件;大事（同义词）incident affair
4. _nation__ (n)民 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )族;国家;国民 (派生词)(adj.) 民族的;国民的;国家的national (adj.)国际的international 5. canal_ ( n.) 运河;水道 6. steam (n)蒸汽;水汽 7. dirt (n.) 污垢;泥土
8. ruin adj.）废墟;毁灭 (vt.)毁灭;使破产
9. _ suffering (n.)苦难;痛苦 (词根) suffer(vt.)遭受;遭遇
10. extreme (a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dj.)极度的 (派生词) extremely(adv.)极端地;非常地 11. injure (vt.) 损害;伤害
12.survivor(n.) 幸存者;生还者;残存物 (词根)survive (vt.)幸存
13.destroy (vt.)破坏;毁坏;消灭 (派生词)destruction(n.)破坏;灭亡
14. brick (n.)砖;砖块 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 15. dam(n.) 水坝;堰堤 16. track (n.) 轨道;足迹;痕迹
17. useless (adj.)无用的;无效的;无益的 (反义词)useful (adj.)有用的;有益的
18. shock (vt.&vi.)（使 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )）震惊;震动 (n.)休克;打击;震惊 19. rescue (n.&vt.)援救;营救
20. trap (vt.)陷入困境 (n.)陷阱;困境 21.electricity (n.)电，电流;电学 21.disaster (n.)灾害;灾祸
22.bury (vt.)埋葬;掩埋; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )隐藏 23.mine (n.)矿;矿山;矿井 (派生词)miner(n.) 矿工
24.shelter (n.)掩蔽;掩蔽处避身处
II. 重点短语
1. right away 立刻;马上
2.come out 出现;冒出
3.jump out of 从…中跳出
4.dig out 掘出;发现
5. as if 仿佛;似乎
6. at an end 结束;终结
7.cut across 横穿
8. in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪
9.fall down 倒下
10. dig out 掘出;发现
合作探究
STEP 1: Skimming（Skim to get general ideas）
The passage mainly ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )talks about a/an earthquake__ that happened in Tangshan_ in 1976.
STEP 2: Scanning(Sca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n the passage and find out the topic sentence of each paragraph)
Paragraph Topic sentence Position in the paragraph
1 Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. beginning
2 Everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end. beginning
3 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. beginning
4 All hope was not lost. beginning
STEP3: Careful readi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng(Find the key words to support the topic sentences.)
成果展示: 展示step1,2,3并完成下列小题
Q1.听课文,完成下列选择题 。
1. The earthquake began at _c__.
A. 3:00 am, June 28, 1976
B. 3:00 am, July 28, 1976
C. 3:42 am, July 28, 1976
2. __b____ people were killed or injured in the quake.
A. Less than 400,000
B. More than 400,000
C. More than 150,000
Q2.Fill in the blanks according to the text.
Strange things hap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pened in Tangshan. For a few days, water in the wells rose and fell. From the cracks of wells, smelly gas came out. Mice, chicken, pigs and even fish became nervous. At 3:00 am, everything began to shake. It seemed that the world was at an end_. One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack cut across the city. The city lay in ruins.
Two-thirds of the p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eople died or were injured. Then later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. But all hope was not lost_. Soldiers came to help those survivors. Slowly, the city began to _ breathe again_.
（Keys: Q1. 1.C 2. B Q2. Strange things rose and fell cracks smelly gas nervous nervous shake at an end One-third felt A huge crack in ruins were injured shook how long the disaster would last how long the disaster would last was not lost survivors breathe again.
Comprehending
Task1:finish the exercisen1 and 3 on page27.
成果展示：展示task1
课后反思:
1. Try to finish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the exercise4 and 5 in group, and make a conclusion about what you have learnt on this lesson.
2. Think about som ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e questions: After read the news report, and see so many pictures, what impresses you most Why Or what do you learn from such a disaster (Self-rescue, environment protection, rebuilt, love and help)
3. Preview the language points.
课型二：词汇课(Learning about language)
学习目标：学习重点词汇，短语，句式。
自主学习：
词汇知识
1．Now, imagine there has been a big earthquake.
现在想象一下发生了一场大地震。
{句法分析}：这是一个 祈使 句。其 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中 there has been a big earthquake 是宾语 从句，是 there be 句型的现在完成 时。
1.）imagine vt.想象
用法：其宾语可以为名次、代词、动名词、、从句及复合宾语。（注意：imagine后的宾语不可以是不定式。）
搭配：imagine + n./doing sth. 想象…/做某事
imagine + sb./sb’s doing sth, 想象某人做某事
imagine + that/if/who…想象…
imagine sb./sth as/to be…想象/认为某人/事…
I often imagine flying in the sky in my childhood.
在孩提时代，我经常想象着在空中飞翔。
牛刀小试：
①I can’t imagine life in 2050 .我不能想象2050年的生活。
②Can you imagine her doing such work 你能想象她做这样的工作吗？
③Imagine that you are in a forest. 想象你在一片森林里。
④Don’t imagine yourself to be always correct.不要以为自己总是对的。
2．）…there has been…为 there be 结构的完成时态
<知识回顾> there be 结构（句型）：
There be 结构表示某事物的存在，是英语中的常用句型。使用该句型时要注意以下几点：
1>该句型中的 there 为引导词，本身无意义。
2>be 动词的单复数与其后最近的名词一致（即遵循就近原则）。
3>注意不要将has/have/had 代替there be 中的be。
4>勿使用两个谓语动词。
[经典例句]:
There are 72 students in our class.
There is a desk and three chairs in the room.
[知识拓展]
1>there be 句型 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中，谓语动词除be之外，还可以是某些状态动词，如：remain, lie, stand, exist, live等；以及表示位置转移的动词，如 arrive, come, enter, follow, rise 等。
【自我探究】
①There comes the bus.公交来了。
②There remains the problem of finance.财政问题仍然存在。
2>there be 句型中谓语动词还可以是appear, seem, happen以及“情态动词 + be”等。
【自我探究】
①There seemed to be no doubt about it.此事似乎毫无疑问了。
②Once upo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n a time, there lived two tigers in this mountain.很久以前这座山上有两只老虎。
③ There happened ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to be no students in the classroom when I got in.
2．Describe to your par ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tner what might happen to the objects in the photos.
向你的伙伴描述一下照片里这些东西发生了什么事。
{句法分析}：这也是一个祈使 句。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )其中 what might happen to the objects in the photos 是名词 性 从句，在句中作describe 的宾 语。
happen vi.发生;出现
牛刀小试：
①I’ll be there whatever happens .
不管发生什么事我都会等到那儿的。
②I don’t know how this happens.
我不知道这事怎么发生的。
【搭配】
… happen to sb./sth. 某人/物遭到/遭遇…
It (so)happens that…碰巧;恰好
to do sth. 碰巧做某事
happen to be doing sth 碰巧正在做某事
to have done sth. 碰巧做过某事
牛刀小试：
What happened to your car 你的车出了什么毛病？
An odd thing happened to him this morning. 他今天早上遇到一件怪事。
【自我探究】
It happened th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at (碰巧) he was out with his wife when I went to see them. (happen)
= He happened to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) be (碰巧)out with his wife when I went to see them. (happen)
潜心辨析：happen / take place/ occur
小试牛刀：
①What happened when you told him the news 你告诉他这消息时，他反应如何？
②More deaths occur in winter. 冬天死亡的人数多。
③The sports meeting ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) took place at 8:00 as planned. 运动会按计划在八点举行了。
3．Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.
想象一下你的家开始摇晃，你必须马上离开。
1.）shake vt.&vi. (shook 过去式， shaken 过去分词 )摇动；震动；晃动；
n. 摇动;震动;颤抖
[搭配]: shake hands w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ith sb. 与某人握手
shake sb. b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y the hand = shake one’s hand 与某人握手 shake one’s head 摇头
shake with ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) anger /fear /langhter 气得/怕得/笑得发抖
shake like a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )leaf 全身发抖
小试牛刀：
It’s polite to shake hands with others. 与别人握手是一种礼貌的行为。
潜心辨析：shake /tremble /quake
小试牛刀：
①He felt the ground ____shaking_______________. 他觉得地面在摇动。
②His voice trembled with excitement. 它的声音因激动而颤抖。
③His hand shook as he signed the paper. 他在文件上签名时手在发抖。
2．）right away 立刻;马上
[拓展延伸]: “立刻，马上” 的表达方式
right now immediately at once in no time without delay
straight away
小试牛刀：
①I’ll be back in no time . 我马上就回来。
②Please do it at once . 请马上做。
③I want it typed right away please.
我需要立刻把他打印出来。
④He was asked to leave the company immediately . 他被要求马上离开公司。
4．For three days t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell.
三天来，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。
rise vi. 上升，升起；（价格、费用等）上涨；起身（=stand up）;起床（=get up）
n. 上升;(日,月,星的)出来
【自我探究】
The water level of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )this river is going to rise to (上升至) 17 meters because of the rain.（rise）
Sales rose by (增长了) 20% over the Christmas. (rise)
[归纳总结]： rise by 增长了……
rise to 增长到……
rise up (注：rise表“上升”时，后面不加 up, 以免重复，与 go up同义) 起义;反抗
小试牛刀：
①The little boy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) rose from the chair and rushed to his mother immediately when he saw her.
那个小韩海一看到他妈妈便立即从椅子上站起身来跑了过去。
②Early to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bed and early to rise makes a man healthy and wise. 早起早睡使人强壮聪明.
潜心辨析：rise / raise
词条 用法 例句
rise 不及物动词，“上升,升起;起立;起 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )床”，作“上升”讲时，常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、物价、温度等的自然“上升”或人“起立”等。说明主语自身移向较高的位置。过去式为 rose ;过去分词为 risen The price of tomatoes has risen recently. 最近西红柿的价格提高了。（由于市场的原因）The child rose from the ground. 这孩子从地上站了起来。（强调自己站了起来）
raise 及物动词，意思是“举起;提高;饲养;种植”等。说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的。过去式 raised 过去分词raised The price of tom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atoes has been raised recently. 最近西红柿的价格被提高了。（由于政府提价或其他人为原因）
小试牛刀：用rise或raise填空：
①The price of the food rose everywhere because of the war.
②The sun had just risen .
③Her job is raising pigs and chickens.
试着翻译上面的三个句子：
④Many women return to work after raising their families.
许多妇女在子女长大后重新就业。
We are raising money to pay for a new hospital ward.
我们正筹集资金建一个病房。
5．In the farmyard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
在农家大院里，鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不想进食。
[品味经典]：
He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了，说不出话来。
They reach ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed the station too late to catch the train. 他们到火车站太迟了，没赶上火车。
【自我探究】：
以上句式用了too...to结 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )构，意思为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义。但是当too...to...用来修饰表示态度、情绪、倾向等的形容词时，如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等，不定式为肯定意义。而当too 前有副词 far, much, but或only修饰，此结构也没有否定意义，而表示肯定，意为“非常/十分……”
He remarked he was too delighted to visit our city. 他说他很高兴访问我市。
The man was far too much anxious to leave. 那个人非常急于离开。
小试牛刀：
(1)这个箱子太重，提不起来。
The box is too heavy to lift.
(2)老师们很乐意接受对他们的教学方法提出的建议
Teachers are too g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lad to accept the suggestions on their teaching method.
[思维点激] too…to…中的too前有否定词（如never, can’t等）时，此结构表示 肯定
意为 再……都不为过 。
It is never too late to learn. 翻译：活到老，学到老。
[合作探究]：试总结too…to…的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用法：
6. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂了。
[品味经典]：
He felt he would burst with anger and shame. 他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。
The dam burst under the weight of water. 大坝在水的巨大压力下溃决了。
He burst into the room without knocking. 他没敲门就闯进了屋子。
The sun burst through the clouds. 太阳破云而出。
The words burst from her in an angry rush. 她脱口说出了那一堆气话。
There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间突然爆发出一阵笑声。
[自我探究]：
burst既是名词也是动词，意为“爆炸；猛冲；爆发；突然出现”。
[归纳拓展]：
burst into 突然闯入，突然……起来，后接名词 （burst into + n.=brust out doing）
burst into tears/laughter 突然哭/笑起来
burst into a room (闯)进房间
burst out 突然开始，后接v. ing形式；(战争、疾病等)突然发生(＝break out)
burst out crying/laughing 突然哭/笑起来
burst in 突然插嘴，打断谈话
小试牛刀：
(1)He suddenly burst into tears/burst out crying (哭了起来).
(2)The audience burst into cheers/burst out cheering (爆发了一阵欢呼声).
(3)The war burst out/broke out (爆发).
7. But the o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.
但是唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。
{句法分析}：who t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hought little of these events是由who引导的非限制定语从句，用来说明先行词 the one million people of the city, 就其意义来说，在剧中相当于一个并列的句子。因此，这个句子也可以改写成：But the one million people of the city thought little of these events, and were asleep as usual that night.
1>think little of 不重视……;认为……没有什么了不起;对……评价不高
[经典例句]：
I thought little of what he said at that time. 我当时没有重视他说的话。
Mr Wang thinks ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )much of his work, but thinks little money. 王先生重视工作，轻视金钱。
I gave him some ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )advice, but he thought little of it. 我给他提了几条建议，但他根本不理会。
[归纳总结]：
think much/ highly / a lot of 重视;看重;对……评价高
think nothing / little of 轻视;认为……没什么了不起
2>event n.事件，大事;（体育比赛等的）项目，赛事
[经典例句]：
That was an important historical event. 那是一个重大的历史事件。
A daughter’s marriage is quite an event for a father.
女儿的婚事对父亲而言确实是件大事。
潜心辨析：accident / event / incident
accident 指“意外的事故”，事故。
event 通常指较重要的事件，“大事”
incident 常指较小的事件;也可指可能会发展成战争等的政治事件。
3>as usual 是固定短语，意思是“照常;照例”
The little boy went school as usual that day.
那天，那个小男孩照常去上学。
小试牛刀：
1.完成句子
那儿似乎每个人对她评价很高。
Everyone there seems to think very highly of her.
他认为一天走30英里不足为奇。
He thinks little / nothing of walking 30 miles a day.
2.用 accident, event , incident 填空
The discovery of America was a great event .
Carelessness often causes accidents .
Do you know how July 7th incident took place
8. Two thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
三分之二的人在地震中受伤或死去。
1>two-third 三分之一。分数的表达如下：
1）前面不带整数的分数一般都用文字表 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )示，分子用基数（one, two,……），分母用序数（first， second，……），当分子超过1时，分母的字尾需加s。如：
If an apple is cul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t into six equal slices, each slice is called one-sixth. If you eat two slices, you eat two-sixths or one-third. 如果一个苹果被分成六等分，每一份就是1/6；如果你吃掉两块，就是吃掉了2/6或1/3。
2）前面带有整数的分数用数字表示，但放在句首时则用文字。如：
Your bag is 2 1/2 times the weight of mine. 你的包是我的包的2.5倍。
Two and a quarter inc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hes of rain fell over the weekend. 周末降雨量达2 1/4英寸。
[温馨提示]
名词被分数修饰作主语时，谓语的单复数由名词决定。
小试牛刀：
①Three-fourths of the homework has been finished (已经完成了)。（finish）
②Two thirds (三分之二)of the land in my hometown is covered with trees and grass. (third)
③Two sevenths of the students are girls. 2/7的学生是女生。
2> injure
[品味经典]:
I was injured in a street accident. 我在一次车祸中受了伤。
John fell off the tree and injured his back. 约翰从树上摔下来把背部摔伤了。
[自我探究]：
injure，词性为动词，意为“损害，伤害”。
[归纳拓展]：
injury n. 伤害，损伤
injured adj. 受伤的
the injured 受伤的人；伤员(表示一类人)
潜心辨析：injure，hurt，wound，harm
小试牛刀：
1.吸烟太多会损害你的健康。
You will harm your health by smoking too much.
2.用injure，hurt，wound，harm完成下列句子
①He hurt his foot while playing football.
②The soldier received two wounds in the battle.
③The sudden heavy snow did great harm to the crops.
④He injured his hand in the car accident.
9. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.
在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就沦为了废墟。
[品味经典]：
He wanted to beco ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me a doctor but his mother’s death was the ruin of his hope.
他想当医生，但他母亲的死使他的希望破灭了。
She poured water over my painting and ruined it.
她把水浇在我的画上，将画毁掉了。
We visited the ruins of the temple.
我们参观了那个庙宇的遗迹。
The castle is now in ruins.
城堡现在已成废墟。
[自我探究]：
ruin动词或名词，意为“毁 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )灭，毁坏”，其复数形式ruins意为“废墟，遗迹”，in ruins 意为“成为废墟”。ruin表示的强度较大，指把某物损坏到不能再使用的程度。
小试牛刀：
The fire left the temple .
A. ruin B.in ruin C. ruins D.in ruins（答案D）
10.Some of the rescue ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.
有些医生和营救人员被困在了废墟之下。
[品味经典]：
The lifeboat was sent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) out to rescue the sailors from the sinking ship.
救生艇被派出去救沉船上的水手。
The rescue team came t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the visitors’ rescue on the island. 救援队去营救岛上的游客。
The car was trapped in the deep snow. 车陷在深雪中了。
I was trapped into signing a confession. 我被诱骗在供词上签了字。
[自我探究]：
rescue，名词或动词，意为“营救”，rescue sb. from...意为“从……中把人救出来”；
the rescue team意为“救援队”；come/go to sb.’s rescue意为“营救某人”。
be trapped in/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )by...意为“困在……中”；trap sb. into doing sth. / sth.意为“诱骗某人做某事”。
[归纳拓展]：
小试牛刀：
(1)The soldiers have tried to go to rescue in the lake.
A. the boy B. their C. the D. the boy’s （答案 D）
(2)The girl cried because she the elevator.
A. has trappe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d in B. had trapped by C. was trapped with D. was trapped in （答案D）
11.To the nor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th of the city，most of the 10，000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. 在城市的北部，有一个有万名矿工的煤矿，其中多数人得救了。
[品味经典]：
①To the south of the mountain，there is a river. 在山的南面有一条河。
②To the east of the village lies a factory. 村东有个工厂。
③East of the town is a tower. 城东有个塔。
[自我探究]：
在例①中，to the sou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )th of the mountain在句中作状语 。在例②中，表示方位的to the east of the village置于句首 ，本句用了倒装结构，该短语也可省略为像例③的east of the village形式。
[归纳拓展]：
方位词位于句首 时，常用句式为：(To the)East/West...＋动词＋主语。
小试牛刀：
stands a tower.
A. To east of the hill B. The east of the hill
C. In the east of the hill D. East of the hill （答案 D）
12.It was a frightening night. 这是一个骇人的夜晚。
Frighten-ing adj. 令人恐惧的;吓人的;可怕的
[经典例句]：
All the stone figures in the temple looked so frightening.
庙里所有的石像看上去都那么令人恐惧
Don’t stand so near the well. You are frightening me.
别站得离井这么近，你吓死我了。
The frightened girl hid herself behind the big tree.
这个吓坏了的小女孩藏在了大树后。
I still remember the frightening experience on the lonely island.
我依然记得在那个偏僻的岛上的骇人的经历。
[知识拓展]：
小试牛刀：
用frighten的适当形式填空
(1)It’s frightening to think how easily children can be hurt.
(2)There was a frightening storm last night.
(3)Don’t be frightened. We’re not going to hurt you.
(4)Some of the children cried out in fright.
(5)The young lady was frightened to drive alone.
难句剖析：
1. It seemed as if the world was at an end! 仿佛到了世界末日！（P26L9）
{句法分析}:It seems + seemed (to sb.) + as if…是常用句型，意思是“好像……；似乎……”
1> as if
[品味经典]：
①You look/looked as if you had seen a ghost. 你的神色看起来像撞到鬼了。
②He looks as if he were an artist. 看上去他好像是个艺术家似的。
③She speaks English ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so fluently as if she had studied English in America.
她讲英语很流利，就像在美国学习过似的。
④It seems as if it’s going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨了。
⑤It seemed as if ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he wasn’t satisfied with your work. 看来他好像对你的工作不满意。
[自我探究]：
as if系从属连词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，意为“好 像”。根据情况，as if从句中可使用真实语气，如例句④⑤， 表示事实如此；从句也可用虚拟语气，如例句①②③，表示事实并非如此。as if从句表示 的动作如果指现在的动作，从句的谓语用一般过去时(be用were)；如果表示过去的动作， 从句中用过去完成时；如果指将来，则用would＋动词原形。
[归纳总结]：
He shook his head as if to say “No”.他摇了摇头，似乎想说“不”。
When he had fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nished，he waited as if for a reply. 讲完后，他等着，仿佛在等一个答复。
He looked around as if for help. 他环视四周，好像在寻求帮助。
小试牛刀：
(1)It seems as i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f she the novel but in fact she’s never heard of it at all.
A. had read B. has read C .read D. would read （答案 A）
(2)The man we foll ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )owed suddenly stopped and looked as if whether he was going in the right direction.
A .seeing B .having seen C.to see D.to have seen （答案 C）
(3)Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday.
A. was happening ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. happens C. has happened D. happened （答案D）
2>at an end 结束;终结
[经典例句]：
The war was at last at an end. 战争终于结束了。
The hot summer is at an end. 炎热的夏天结束了。
潜心辨析：at an end (of) / by the end of / in the end
at the end (of) 既可以作时间状语也可以作地点状语， 表示“在……末”，“在……的尽头，在……的末梢”。
by the end of 用作时间状语，表示“到……末为止;不迟于……”，强调最后时限，常和过去完成时态或将来完成时态连用。
in the end 用作时间状语，表示“最后，终于”，不可与of连用。
小试牛刀：
用end短语填空：
①They will be back at the end of this month.
②When the meeting was at an end , it was already midnight.
③I will have learnt 3,000 English words by the end of this month.
④He tried many jobs and in the end he became a post man.
2. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.(P26L18)
所见之处，几乎一切都被毁了
{句法分析}：该句是一个主从复合句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，句中everywhere用作连词，相当于wherever或no matter where, 引导地点状语从句。
[品味经典]：
①His dog follows him everywhere he goes. 无论到哪里，他那条狗总跟着他。
②I can’t fin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d my pen though I’ve looked everywhere. 我到处找那支钢笔，可就是找不到。 ③Everywhere seemed silent. 万籁俱寂。
④Fire destroyed the forest. 大火烧毁了森林。
⑤The heavy st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orms destroyed a good part of our crops. 几场暴雨把大部分庄稼都毁坏了。
[自我探究]：
在例①中，everywhere用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )作连词，引导状语从句，意为“无论何处”；在例②中词性是副 词，意为“到处，处处”，在例③中词性是名词，意为“每个地方”。在例④⑤中，destroy词性是动 词，意为“破坏，毁坏，消灭”。
潜心辨析： destroy，damage， ruin
小试牛刀：
用destroy, damage, ruin的适当形式填空
(1)What left the town in ruins
(2)The fire destroyed their houses and they became homeless.
(3)The fire did great damage to the town.
3. All hope was not lost. (P26L28)
并不是所有的希望都破灭了。
{句法分析}：这是一个表示部分否定 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的句子。句型All… not…或Not all…均表示部分否定，可翻译成“不是所有的……” 或“并非所有的”
[品味经典]：
Not all the answers are right. ＝All the answers are not right.
并非所有的答案都对。
Not every boy likes football. ＝Every boy does not like football.
并不是每个男孩都喜欢足球。
Both of them don’t like English. 他们俩并不都喜欢英语。
[自我探究]：
以上例句在意义上都表示部分否定，译为 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“并不是所有的都……；两者不都……”；其构成条件是not＋all/every/both...或all/every/both...＋not。
[归纳拓展]：
Neither of them is doctors.他们俩都不是医生。
No boy likes football. 没有一个男孩喜欢足球。
小试牛刀：
(1)All men here are not honest. 这儿的人并非都诚实。
(2)Both of the brothers don’t like the film. 兄弟俩并不都喜欢这部电影。
(3)Not everything went well with him. 他并非每件事情都顺利。
(4)I never get up late. 我从不晚起床。
(5)None of my friends smoke. 我的朋友都不吸烟。
(6)Nothing is needed. 什么都不需要。
4. The army organ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(P26L31)
部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人挖出来，将死者掩埋。
{句法分析}：句子中的who were ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) trapped是定语从句。（当先行词是those ,anybody ,he等表示人的词时，定语从句习惯用who 来引导，不能用that代替。）
句中to dig out…and to bury…是两个并列的动词不定式短语作目的状语
1>dig out 挖出;翻出，找出
[经典例句]：
Let’s dig out the roots. 咱们把根挖出来吧。
Why did you dig out those old magazings 你为何翻出那些旧杂志？
[知识拓展]：
2>bury vt. 埋葬;埋藏;使陷入
[经典例句]：
She buried her f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ace in her hands and cried.
[知识拓展]：
bury oneself in = be buried in 埋头于……；专心于……
devote oneself to = be devoted to 专心于……;献身于……
be lost in 陷入……中
小试牛刀：
(1)Since she left, he has buried himself in his work(全身心扑在工作上).（bury）
(2)She was buried in the country (隐居乡间)to write a book.（bury）
3> the dead 死者，形容词或过去分词加定冠词the 常用来表示一类人或一类东西。
[自我探究]：
The rich 富人 the young 年轻人 the old 老年人
The deaf ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )聋人 the blind 盲人 the injured 受伤的人
The new 新事物;新来的人 the ordinary 普通人/事物
The unusual 不同寻常的东西 the poor 穷人
5. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
慢慢地，这个城市又开始出现了生机。(P26L37)
breath 在这儿是一种拟人化的使用方法，表达了作者对这个被地震摧毁的城市又重现生机的喜悦与关切。例如：
The City of New York never sleeps. 纽约是一座不夜城。
Thirsty soil drank in the rain. 饥渴的土壤在雨中畅饮。
小试牛刀：
Did you see the anger of the tempest(暴风雨)？
你见过暴风雨的愤怒吗？
The flower nodded in the breeze and spoke from the heart.
花儿在微风中点头，发出内心的倾诉。
课后自主反思
同学们，经过了课前自主预习和课堂自主学习 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )之后，相信你一定有了一些收获吧，是掌握了必须学习的知识点 或是掌握了一些学习上的技巧与方法 或者还有什么有待改进的地方？在下面动笔写写吧，善于总结的学生才是会学习的学生！
这一阶段我学会了这样一些语言知识：
单词和词组：____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________ _ _
语法点： ____________________________________________________________ _
这一阶段我突破了这样一些重难点：
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_
这一阶段我觉得还需要提高的是：
________________________ ___
课型三：语法课（Discovering useful structure）定语从句(Ⅰ)
学习目标：定语从句的用法
自主学习，合作探究：
Task1:观察教材Discoveri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng useful structures部分的练习1中的例句，并用who/where/when/whom/that/which/whose填空(回顾课文中所出现的定语从句)
1）But the one millio ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n people of the city, ______thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. (U4 P26)
2）It was felt ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in Beijing, _______ is more than two hundred kilometers away. (U4 P26)
3）The number ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of people ______ were killed or injured reached more than 400, 000. (U4 P26)
4）Workers built shel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ters for survivors _______ homes had been destroyed. (U4 P26)
语法探究：
1.定语从句的定义及分类
2.关系代词的指代及功能
Task2:根据上述对定语从句的归纳，完成下列句子。
1）The old man has a son________ is in the army.
那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子。
2）The parcel _________is red in color is about to be posted. 颜色为红色的小包将被邮寄。
3）I bought the same dictionary _____you have yesterday.
昨天我买了一本和你有的一样的词典。
4）I met an old woma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n yesterday ______ sons all had ever studied abroad.
昨天我遇到一位老妇人，她的儿子都曾到国外学习过。
5）He bought a house last week _______window is made of wood.
上周他买了一所房子，窗户是由木头做的。
6）The man ________you met just now is my friend.你刚才碰见的那个人是我的朋友。
1）This is the ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )use (that/which) I lived in when I was a child. 这就是我还是个孩子时居住的房子。(宾语，可省)
2）She is the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )girl(that/who/whom)we have been looking for. 这就是我们一直在寻找的女孩。(宾语，可省)
3）I have been to the city twice _________you just visited.
4）Generation gap is a problem _________people are interested in.
3.关系代词指物时只用that不用which的情况
1）. 当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词时
The teacher trie ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d his best to teach his students all that he had learnt in his life.
这位老师尽力把他平生所学都教给了他的学生。
e.g. Have you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )taken down everything ____ Mr. Li has said 你记下李老师所说的话了吗？
2）. 当先行词被very, bot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h, the only, all, every, no, any, little, much, some修饰时
I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.
我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。
e.g. The old car is the only thing ____ he owns.
e.g. I have done all the work ____ he told me to do.
3）. 当先行词被形容词的最高级、序数词修饰时
She was surprised at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the beautiful flower and thought that it was the most beautiful one _____ she had ever seen. 她很惊奇于这朵漂亮的花，她认为这是她曾见到过的最漂亮的花。
I will alwa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ys remember the first lesson _____was given by Miss Dora. 我将永远记住多拉女士上的第一节课。
4）. 当先行词既包括人又包括物时
He hasn’t sent us the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) workers and equipment that we need. 他没有给我们送来我们需要的工人和设备。
e.g. Can you re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )member the scientist and his theory _____ we have learned
5）. 当主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时
Which is the copy that you like best
你最喜欢的版本是哪个
e.g. Who is the person _____ is standing at the gate
6）. 当先行词在句中作表语时, 无论先行词是人还是物
She is no longer the person that she was.
她不再是以前的她了。
e.g. The school is quite different from the one _____ it used to be.
Task3:完成P29的Ex2。
Task4:合作探究，小组讨论完成P29的Ex3.
三、成果展示，Task1,2,3.
检测反馈：
单项选择：
1).The police finall ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y caught up with the man _____was the escaped prisoner.
A. who they thought B. whom they thought
C. they thought D. that they thought him
2).The reason _____she explained seemed reasonable.
A. why B. that C. what D .if
3).Willie has co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mplained to the sales manager about the PC he bought _____screen exploded for no reason.
A. which B. who C. whose D. that
4.)The single ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) most important factor ____contributes to success is what you do every single day.
A. what B. which C.不填 D. that
5).This is a readi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng-room, boy. You must act in a way____ won’t disturb others.
A. in which B. it C. which D .as
6).What impres ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sed me most were the things and persons ______we talked about at the meeting last week.
A. that B. which C. who D. what
2. 完成句子(用定语从句)
1）. He showed me the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )place __________________________(他丢钱包的地方). (where)
2）. I don’t know the girl__________________________(和你说话的女孩). (whom)
3）. Wang Wei a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd Wang Kun were cycling along the river ________________________ (被称为澜沧江)in China. (which)
4）. The day _________________________ (他将永不会忘记的) is special for him. (which)
5）. I looked up at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my friend ___________________________________________ (她的脸上的表情是坚决的). (determined)
6). The water in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the village wells _______________________________(水井的墙壁有很深的裂缝)rose and fell. (whose, cracks)
7). The earthquake di ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d great damage to the bridges, ___________________________ (这些桥通行不安全). (which，travel)
8). Many shelters ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) were set up for those _______________________________ (他们的家园被毁)in the disaster. (destroy)
9). Wang Wei and Wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng Kun finally began their trip ______________________________(他们梦想拥有的). (dream)
10). Along the r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oad the children ______________________________(穿着长毛大衣)stopped to look at them. (who)
11). In the valley ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s __________________________________ (上个月他们参观的地方)，they saw many sheep eating green grass. (which)
12). This is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the young man _____________________________(他的父母在洪水中丧生). (lose)
13) The man____________________________ (住在我们隔壁) is my English teacher. (who)
14). The only langu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )age _______________________(容易学的)is the mother tongue. (that)
15). This is the only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) article of these _____________________________ (由他写的). (that)
课型四: 综合语言技能课 (Using language)
一、学习内容：Reading and speaking(p.30) and listening (p. 31);
二、学习目标：
1. 能力目标
在本节课结束时，学生能够
把握来信的要点，并根据提示尽可能地使用所提供的句型结构准备一篇演讲稿。
能听懂记者采访内容。
能模仿听力内容，练习句子的连读与不完全爆破。
2．目标语言
重点词汇和短语
Congratulations , judge, outline, headline, honour
重点句型结构
Be proud of, a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s you know,
三、学习过程：
Reading and speaking
Ⅰ.Lead in
Task1. Have you ever written a speech
Task2. What is a speech
Speech means an act of speaking formally to a group of listeners.
Task3. What do you have to consider when you are writing a speech
Please discuss it in pairs.
(1)Who is the audience
(2)How can we express ourselves clearly
II.Task4.What sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould you include in your speech when you try to write a speech
Read the let ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter on Page 30 and imagine you are the student who was invited to give a speech. Now write a short speech，in which you should follow the points in Exercise 2 on Page 30.
展示成果
展示task1,2,3,4,评选优秀演讲稿
Listening
Task1. Discuss q ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uestion1 on page31 in group, and prepare for listening.
Task2.Listen to the tape and do exercise2 on page 31.
Task3.Try t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o answer the questions of exercise3 and take some notes while listening again.
Task4.mak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e dialogues in group about what you have heard in this tape.
展示成果
展示task1,2,3,4,以小组为单位核对听力答案
Language points:
1.(P30. Line ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6).Congratulations！We are pleased to tell you that you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.
恭喜你！我们很高兴地告诉你，你在以新唐山为主题的演讲比赛中获得第一名。
[品味经典]：
Congratulations! I hea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r you’ve passed the examinations. 祝贺你！听说你通过考试了。
Please accept my congratulations on your marriage. 请接受我对您的新婚祝贺。
Congratulations on the success to you! 祝贺你，你成功了！
[自我探究]：
congratulation，词性 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )名词，常用其复数形式表达祝贺；“祝贺某人某事”表达为 congratulations on sth.to sb.
[归纳拓展]：
congratulate v.祝贺 congratulate sb. on sth.祝贺某人某事
小试牛刀：
我祝贺你成功。
(1)I congratulate you on your success.
(2)Congratulations on your success.
2. (P30. Line7).Your s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )peech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.
演讲评委会的五个评委听了你的演讲，都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。
[品味经典]：
The judge thought highly of your speech. 这个裁判对你的演讲高度评价。
Don’t judge a person by his appearance. 不要以貌取人
[自我探究]：
judge，名词，意为“裁判员，法官”；也可作动词，意为“断定，判决”。
judge...by/from...意为“根据……判断……”
[归纳拓展]：
judging by/from...意为“从……来判断”，在句中作插入语，不受句子主语的限制。
小试牛刀：
Judging from his accent, he comes from Shandong. 从口音判断，他来自山东。
Judging by his look，he wasn’t pleased. 从表情上看他
(1)Don’t judge a book its cover.
A. from B. about C. for D. with (答案 A)
(2) from his words，his work is going well.
A. Judge B. To judge C. Judged D. Judging （答案D）
3.(P30L8)Your parents and your school should be proud of you！
你的父母和学校应该非常为你感到自豪。
Be proud of “为……感到自豪/骄傲”。
[拓展]：
proud的名词是pride, 常用搭配有：
take pride in ( = be proud of ) 以……为骄傲;为……而自豪
with pride ( = proudly) 自豪地
小试牛刀：
比赛的胜利者自豪地走上了舞台。
The winner of the competition walked onto the stage with pride .
4. (P30L12)As you know, this is the day the quake happened……
你知道，……这一天正是唐山发生地震的日子。
as you know 是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )非限制性定语从句，as代替整个主句的内容。 as引导非限制性定语从句时放在主句前后均可，意为“正如”，后边的谓语动词多是see, know, except, say, mention, report等。
[自我探究]：
He has been absent again, as is expected. 他又缺席了，这在预料之中。
As is known to us, China has the largest population in the world.
众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
As was re ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ported, India failed in sending up a satellite. 据报道，印度发射卫星失败。
5. (P31L5)The man was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened. 那个人正在楼下睡觉，突然发生了地震。
{句法分析}：该句中when为并列连词，意为“就在这时、突然”，相当于 and then, just at this time.
[自我探究]：
本句型用法包括：
（1）sb. was /were doing sth. when… 某人正在做某事，这时……
小试牛刀：
I was walking along the street when I heard my name called.
我正在街上走着，突然听到有人叫我。
I was riding on my bike when a car knocked me down from behind.
我正骑着自行车，这时一辆汽车从后面把我撞倒了。
（2）sb. be about to do sth. when…某人正准备做某事，这时……
I was just about to go out when the telephone rang.
交际用语：
1.叙述过去的经历
[合作探究]:
Task1: try to find th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e expressions and sentences talking about past experience.
Task2:share your own past experience with your partner.
2.表达谢意
[合作探究]：
Task3:think about the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) way you express thanks and make dialogues with the use of the tips exercise2 on page30.
展示成果
展示task1/2/3,小组总结并列出常用表达。
课型五：写作课（Reading and writing）
一、学习内容：Reading and writing (p. 31-32);
二、学习目标：
1．能力目标
在本节课结束后，学生能够
阅读并理解新闻报道，找出新闻的标题，领会其大意和细节。
学会用写作提纲来写新闻报道。
纠正同伴在写作中的错误，掌握评价写作的基本标准。
2．目标语言
重点词汇和短语
Outline, headline, cyclist
重点语言：
A newspaper outline usually includes:
A headline
A list of main ideas
A list of important details
三、学习过程：
Part 1 reading
自主学习
[合作探究]
Part 2 Writing
合作探究
Brainstorming 头脑风暴
1.小组讨论下列问题：how to write a news report and what’s the principle
自主学习
1 学生两人小组讨论如何写好新闻报道，明确新闻要素以及报道的原则（时效，真实，简明）。
2. 教师提示学生关注教材中所提供新闻材料，共同分析新闻报道的写法等。
3.让学生按照写作要点提纲，在25分钟内独立完成新闻报道
展示成果
1. 展示新闻标题与提纲。
2. 展示优秀新闻报道。
Task1快速阅读教材中31页的新闻报道，掌握新闻大意。
Task2试列出新闻报道的导语以及提纲。
[展示成果]
展示task1/2，并总结新闻的报道方式
[归纳总结]
hospitals, factories, buildings,
bricks, dams, bridges,
railway tracks, cows,
pigs and chickens
destroyed
After the earthquake
the army helps, dig out, bury the
dead, miners rescued, built shelter
rescue
The city began to breathe again
happen 为常用词，用于偶然发生的事件。
occur 表示“偶然发生”时为正式用语。
Take place 通常用于已计划、安排或人们积极参与的事情。
shake 常用词，表示短促而迅速地上下来回摇动之意。
tremble 尤指身体因恐惧、寒冷、激动而轻微的快速、不由自主地颤抖。
Quake 较正式，常同tremble ,但含“猛烈”的意思。
(1)injure多指造成容颜、机能的损害；在事故中受伤。其名词为injury.
(2)hurt一般指精神上或肉体上受到伤害，有强烈的疼痛感。其名词仍为hurt.
(3)wound指(人)在战斗、攻击中受伤,通常是外伤。 其名词为wound.
(4)harm常用于口语，一般用作及物动词，表示“对……有害/损害”。用于指肉体上或精神上的伤害均可，还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。其名词仍为harm.
be caught in＝be stuck in＝be trapped in均意为“困在……中”。
rescue…from…把……从……中救出来
The firemen rescued a boy from the burning house.
frighten vt. 使惊吓;吓唬 fright n.恐吓;害怕
be frightened of (doing )sth. 害怕（做某事）
at sth. 因……而害怕
as if从句的主语如果和主句的主语一致，同时从句的谓语中含有be的某种形式，这时可以把从句的主语和be省去，后面保留介词短语、分词短语或不定式短语等形式。
(1)destroy指彻底的损坏，常含不能或很难修复的意思。destroy可接人，也可以接物。
(2)damage损坏，毁坏，指部分损坏，降低某物的价值。damage通常接物。
(3)ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打击的结果。常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。
“all，every，both等全肯定词＋not＋谓语动词”或“not＋all，every，both等全肯定词＋谓语动词”构成部分否定。所谓全肯定词，是指含有全体意义的代词与副词，常见的有： all，both，always，every(everybody，everyone，everything，everywhere)等。如果表示全部否定，要分别用none，neither，never，no，nobody，nothing，nowhere。
dig up 翻挖;找出，查明 dig into 深入钻研;挖掘
dig at 钻研;挖苦（嘲笑） dig through 挖通
在写新闻报道时，首先要注意新闻的标题具有语言幽默风趣的特点，有较强的吸引力。同时，写作依据的材料要充分，要用事实来说话，语言力求简洁。最后，报道中要有亮点，能引人深思或能让人产生强烈的兴趣。
新闻报道的结构一般分为四个部分：
(一)标题、(二)导语、(三)主体、(四)结语。
标题是新闻的题目，是编辑对最有新闻价值内容的浓缩、概括、提炼和再创造。撰写标题是为了撷取新闻要点、诠释新闻意义、吸引读者阅读。在今天繁忙的现代社会中，报纸的读者大多是标题浏览者。
导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话，它扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。主体是消息的主要部分，它用充足的事实表现主题，是对导语内容的进一步开展和阐释。
新闻报道的结语一般是最后一句话或者一段话，通常对全文内容作概括性的总结，或对新闻事件的发展趋势作出预测。有时，作者根据报道的事实在结语中提出令人深思的问题。
一般来说，标题、导语和主体是构成新闻报道的必不可少的三部分。可根据新闻报道的内容来确定是否要结语或其他内容(如事件和历史背景等).有时,还可将它们暗含在主体中。