广东省容山中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（含答案））

2024-2025学年广东省容山中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 满分120分)
注意事项：
1. 请在答题卡上正确填涂考号;
2. 答题卡作答时注意题号对应答题区域且不要超出答题区域。
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Join us on a journey of discovery this summer at The New York Public Library! Discover free programs for kids, teens and adults.
Skills for the Workplace
Teens review professional workplace skills to prepare for their entry into the workforce. We’ll reflect on challenging work situations, discuss how to respond to them, and learn about resources available for support.
Date: Wednesday, July 10
Location: Parkchester Library
Audience: Teens/ Young Adults
Adult Art Workshop
Join us for a basic painting using water colors or coloring pencils. Coloring promotes wellness, and also stimulates brain areas related to motor skills, the senses, and creativity. All materials will be provided.
No Registration required.
Date: Monday, August 12
Location: Castle Hill Library
Audience: Adults
STEAM Crafts and Chat
Learn how to 3D print your own designs, express your creativity through drawing and painting, make jewelry by hand, and more at our weekly STEAM Crafts and Chat workshop. First come, first served.
Date: Wednesday, September 4
Location: Harry Belafonte Library
Audience: Teens/ Young Adults
Family Storytime
Join us for songs, rhymes, and favorite read-aloud books in this storytime that’s fun for the whole family. For young children of all ages. Ideal for caregivers with multiple-aged children.
Date: Friday, September 6
Location: Riverdale Library
Audience: Pre-schoolers
If you have any questions about the events listed above, please contact the branch for more information. See here for service updates at the Library.
1. Which branch library should teens choose if they want to practice essential job skills
A. Parkchester Library. B. Castle Hill Library.
C. Harry Belafonte Library. D. Riverdale Library.
2. What can participants do in the program STEAM Crafts and Chat
A Design a 3D printer. B. DIY hand-made jewelry.
C. Learn to serve others. D. Explore the New York city.
3. What do the programs have in common
A. They are targeted at teenagers. B. They are free of charge.
C. They are available all summer. D. They need to be registered in advance.
B
Growing up as a kid in the UK, I was fascinated by insects. Wanting to protect them, I started building houses for ants, using little pieces of wood and leaves. I then moved on to making little cups and saucers from silver foil (箔纸) for the magical creatures. When seeing my work, my mother told me that the smaller I made things, the bigger my name would become.
As the years went by my designs became more complicated. Making sculptures isn’t actually enjoyable. I sometimes work for 16 hours a day without breaks, and it takes me up to three months to finish a sculpture. I have to hold my breath during the sculpting process.
One time, a fly landed on a Cinderella carriage sculpture I was working on. The fly’s wings blew it away, and it was lost. I was heartbroken. Another time, I accidentally breathed in a microscopic Alice from Alice in Wonderland. Alice is now in the Wonderland forever. But it did give me the chance to make an even better one the second time around.
My sculptures have taken me to incredible places. In 2012, I met the queen, giving her a crown on the head of a pin. In 2013, I received my first Guinness World Record for creating the smallest sculpture by hand, a 24-carat gold motorbike that fitted inside a hair. In 2017, I beat my record with a sculpture of a human fetus (胎儿) that measured 0.078 mm by 0.053 mm.
I was diagnosed with autism (自闭症) as an adult. In school my teachers had pointed me out as an example of failure; now, I see my autism as a gift. It’s pushed me to be the best I can be. I hold workshops in schools for neurodiverse children, sharing my story and helping them create their own miniature figures.
The microscopic world has always been my happy place. I’ve tried to make bigger sculptures, but small is best for me. We need to appreciate the little things in life. Small things can also be mighty, too.
4. What drove the author to make tiny sculpture at the beginning
A. His interest in insects. B. His desire to make a name.
C. His dream of setting a record. D. His awareness of wildlife protection.
5. Which of the following can best describe the author’s sculpting process
A. Eventful and enjoyable. B. Complex and frustrating.
C. Money-wasting but entertaining. D. Time-consuming but fulfilling.
6. How does the author deal with his autism now
A. He receives medical treatment. B. He takes full advantage of it.
C. He regards it as the source of failure. D. He shares it and asks help from others.
7. What message does the author mainly convey through the text
A. Great art comes at a cost of loss.
B. Minor things in life can carry weight.
C. Childhood experiences sculpt a career.
D. Hard work contributes to great achievements.
C
A good story. That’s what influences our choice to buy a book the most. Right Some of the biggest-selling novels of all time just so happened to be attached to major publishers. Indeed, any reading lover will be familiar with the countless publishing houses that have brought brilliant works to the market. So in theory, perhaps a publisher does matter.
Every time you read a book that you enjoy, you likely look at the publisher attached to it. That name is a signal that they will produce other content that fits with that same style. It makes a lot of sense to continue to purchase texts from a company that is telling the kinds of stories that you enjoy the most. Consumer habits are thus based on trust that a publisher will be consistent in the books they deliver and that investing time in them is more reliable than an untested source.
The strength of the author themselves can also play into that. After all, well-liked authors are often signed to a book deal with a select few publishers, strengthening the brand further.
Of course, a publisher would be nothing without its logo, which is a major call-to-arms for all fans of the brand. The top publishers in the world instantly recognizable imagery, which catch the attention while summing up the name of a brand in an instant. That thus builds our association with a given name. The fun penguin shape of Penguin Random House is so iconic, for example, that it could not be confused with any other publishing business.
There might be a place for those indie (独立经营的) book companies, with occasional stories breaking through and forcing people to take notice. In truth that’s far less common than you expect. Expert Cassandra Davis, however, provides a hopeful insight. “Indie bookshops are more likely to stock an indie publisher’s books, especially if the author is local to the bookshop.” She says. Therefore, supporting local bookshops is a vital way to keep the indie industry alive and change these trends.
8. Which of the following is not a strategy for a publisher to promote its brand
A. Maintaining consistent publishing style. B. Contracting with renowned writers.
C. Offering discounts to repeat customers. D. Designing a distinctive trademark.
9. What is the author’s attitude towards indie publishers
A. Optimistic. B. Sympathetic. C. Objective. D. Indifferent.
10. What does the underlined words “these trends” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Dominance of major publishers. B. Lack of attention to excellent books.
C. Depression of local bookshops. D. Stability of consumers’ preferences.
11. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Should We Judge a Book by Its Publisher
B. Do Publishers Influence Our Reading Choices
C. Why Do We Choose the Same Publisher Continuously
D. What Advantages Do Major Publishers Have Over Indie Ones
D
Here’s a quick quiz. Person A does a favor for you. Person B asks you to do a favor for him. Who do you tend to like more Surprisingly, the answer is Person B. This quirk (怪癖) of human nature is known as the Ben Franklin Effect.
Benjamin Franklin came across the phenomenon in 1736 when serving as a clerk to the Pennsylvania Assembly. A powerful member didn’t care for Franklin and threatened to make life miserable for him. What to do Instead of winning him over with sweet talk, Franklin asked if he could borrow a rare and valuable book the man owned. This request altered the man’s attitude and paved the way for their friendship. Franklin’s takeaway: “He that has once done you a kindness will be ready to do you another, than he whom you yourself have obliged.”
Several studies have confirmed this. But how can we explain the Ben Franklin Effect Some psychologists refer to cognitive dissonance (失调). It’s difficult to hold two contradictory thoughts at the same time. It makes us uncomfortable. We resolve this tension by changing our mind. “I don’t like Joe, but I am doing him a favor,” we might think. “So maybe I do like him.”
While cognitive dissonance explains a lot, it alone doesn’t explain the Ben Franklin Effect. One 2015 study found that it was, rather, the affiliative (亲和的) motive that the requests convey. That is, we humans want to maintain good relations with other humans, and one way to achieve this is by doing favors for others. This explains a lot about altruistic behavior. We like being useful and, by extension, we like those who give us the opportunity to do so. It’s in our genes.
Yet there is much we still don’t know about the Ben Franklin Effect. Does it apply equally across cultures Is there a point beyond which asking a favor makes you less not more likable Asking to borrow a book is one thing; asking to borrow a car is another.
12. Why does the author mention Benjamin Franklin’s experience
A. To illustrate a dilemma in making choices. B. To suggest a way of striking up friendships.
C. To stress the importance of strategic requests. D. To introduce the origin of the Ben Franklin Effect.
13. What is a reason for people’s tendency to like those asking for favors
A. Reducing the tension caused by social contact.
B. Increasing the chance of getting help in return.
C. Avoiding the discomfort from conflicting thoughts.
D. Establishing a cooperative community of shared trust.
14. What does the underlined word “altruistic” probably mean in paragraph 4
A. Selfless. B. Impolite. C. Aggressive. D. Responsible.
15. What does the author think of the Ben Franklin Effect
A. It makes little sense. B. It applies to most cultures.
C. It has situational limitations. D. It has great practical significance.
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why are Police Officers Called Cops
Police officers are often referred to as cops. ____16____ Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”.
General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take. ____17____
Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops. Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”.
____19____ And it is no longer considered rude. However certain other terms for police officers are definitely unwelcome. While British Police might not mind being called “bobbies”, no police members like to be referred to as “pigs” or the “fuzz”. Some don’t mind the term the “heat” as applied to the whole police force, but the police force does not generally take kindly to terms given to them by criminals.
The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop. ____20____
A. The term is slightly less familiar to people.
B. So, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar.
C. These words define some of what a police officer does.
D. The profession of a police officer was not respected then.
E. But the origins of this nickname are something of a debate.
F. However, the term “police officer” is generally most correct.
G. Today it is appropriate to call members of the police force cops.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Juleus Ghunta is an award-winning children’s author, but growing up, he could barely ___21___. Raised by a single mother, who often had to make ___22___ choices about how to use their limited resources－including a decision to send his oldest sister to school, he had been kept home and had no ___23___ to books as a child.
When Ghunta finally got the opportunity to attend school, he couldn’t ___24___ words, spell, or read with understanding. The situation was made worse by a series of teachers who made him feel ___25___. “They were not very patient, not very kind,” he said, “I suffered from a deep sense of loss and shame.”
Fortunately, a young teacher decided to start a reading program for ___26___ students. Ghunta was the first to sign up. “The teacher was ___27___ kind to me.” he said, “She had left me with the gift of literacy, and a deeper appreciation of my value as a human being.” Under her patient ___28___, Ghunta’s reading skills gradually improved, and his sense of inadequacy (不足) began to ___29___.
After interacting with the young teacher, Ghunta’s life took a new ___30___. He graduated from high school with a number of academic awards, and went on to college successfully. Nowadays, he is the author of two children’s books about ___31___ difficult experiences in childhood.
In 2010, Ghunta went back to his old school to ___32___ his old teacher’s name, but in vain. However, he still hopes to ___33___ her one day, so that he can thank her for seeing his ___34___. “I would love for her to see the significant impact she has made on my life, and the ways in which I have carried this ___35___ of her－the hope, the light, with me－and how it continues to be a source of joy.”
21. A. speak B. read C. write D. learn
22. A. balanced B. financial C. tough D. hesitant
23. A. interest B. relation C. attention D. exposure
24. A. make out B. pick up C. deal with D. take in
25. A. powerless B. restless C. worthless D. aimless
26. A. struggling B. humble C. incapable D. isolated
27. A. apparently B. incredibly C. naturally D. sincerely
28. A. influence B. company C. devotion D. guidance
29. A. lift B. wave C. blow D. move
30. A. platform B. setting C. direction D. channel
31. A. preventing B. surviving C. overcoming D. cherishing
32. A. record B. recall C. identify D. inquire
33. A. seek B. find C. meet D. call
34. A. demand B. effort C. dignity D. potential
35. A. emotion B. memory C. blessing D. legacy
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of children in Zimbabwe, a country in southeast Africa, are ____36____ (close) following a series of martial arts (武术) movements performed in a slow and focused manner accompanied by deep breathing, ____37____ their eyes fixed on their Chinese tai chi master.
Actually, ____38____ group of tai chi enthusiasts are enjoying the power of concentration under the guidance of their instructor, 45-year-old Zhu Wei, ____39____ is the captain of the Chinese medical team in Zimbabwe. “Tai chi increases focus and makes students, from school children to college students, concentrate on studies.” he says.
Tai chi is a mind-body exercise ____40____ (root) in multiple Chinese traditions, including martial arts, traditional Chinese medicine and philosophy. It emphasizes a mind-body connection ____41____ (use) gentle movements, meditation (冥想) and deep breathing.
Martial arts ____42____ (recognize) as a fitness practice, with a wide range of health benefits. Zhu says tai chi provides mental health benefits like improved focus, as well as decreased stress, ____43____ (anxious) and depression. In addition, it can improve a ____44____ (child) confidence and physical strength.
Organizer of the children’s events Abraham Matuka says keeping youngsters busy and entertained with activities like tai chi ____45____ (help) meet challenges of drug and other teenager crimes in low-income townships.
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，最近你们到一个外国游客较多的旅游景点上了一堂口语实践课。请你用英文给澳大利亚朋友Luke写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：1. 上课的过程；2. 你的感想。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Luke,
I’m writing to share with you a special spoken English class I had the other day.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Missy was absolutely my best friend in the whole world. We had known each other since first grade, and we literally did everything together. We frequently visited each other’s homes, we knew each other’s families like they were our own. The interesting thing about our relationship, however the fact was that the older we got, the more our values seemed to differ. We still enjoyed a lot of the same things, but I was a bit more settled while she loved being associated with popular people and things. Although she was basically a good person, she had no problem with forcing things to go her way.
Perhaps this is why it seemed that her family actually trusted me more than they trusted her. So, on the day when Missy showed up at my house with a huge dent (凹痕) in her father’s car, I knew that we were in for a troublesome time.
She had banged the car into a tree while out that day, and she knew her father was going to have an explanation. So she stopped by my house in order to make up a story that would lessen her father’s rage. Missy decided to tell him that while in a parking lot, someone must have backed into the car and dented it. Looking at the dent with some crashed leaves and bark still sticking there, I attempted to perish (打消) her thought. “I don’t think your father will buy it.” “ Don’t worry,” she insisted,“even if my dad doesn’t trust me, he’ll trust you.” My role was to confirm for her. Now keep in mind that I had strong objections to lying and I wanted absolutely nothing to do with the situation. I loved her parents just like my own, and I did not want to be a party to this lie that Missy was creating. Nevertheless, after much request and a general questioning of my loyalty to our friendship, I decided that the least I could do was to act as a silent witness. That way, I wasn’t actually lying; I just wasn’t telling the full truth.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: An hour or so later, we presented Missy’s father with the car and the inquiry began.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Her father looked at me with great disbelief.
容山中学2025届高三第一次教学质量检测英语试卷
答案版
(考试时间：120分钟 满分120分)
注意事项：
1. 请在答题卡上正确填涂考号;
2. 答题卡作答时注意题号对应答题区域且不要超出答题区域。
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Join us on a journey of discovery this summer at The New York Public Library! Discover free programs for kids, teens and adults.
Skills for the Workplace
Teens review professional workplace skills to prepare for their entry into the workforce. We’ll reflect on challenging work situations, discuss how to respond to them, and learn about resources available for support.
Date: Wednesday, July 10
Location: Parkchester Library
Audience: Teens/ Young Adults
Adult Art Workshop
Join us for a basic painting using water colors or coloring pencils. Coloring promotes wellness, and also stimulates brain areas related to motor skills, the senses, and creativity. All materials will be provided.
No Registration required.
Date: Monday, August 12
Location: Castle Hill Library
Audience: Adults
STEAM Crafts and Chat
Learn how to 3D print your own designs, express your creativity through drawing and painting, make jewelry by hand, and more at our weekly STEAM Crafts and Chat workshop. First come, first served.
Date: Wednesday, September 4
Location: Harry Belafonte Library
Audience: Teens/ Young Adults
Family Storytime
Join us for songs, rhymes, and favorite read-aloud books in this storytime that’s fun for the whole family. For young children of all ages. Ideal for caregivers with multiple-aged children.
Date: Friday, September 6
Location: Riverdale Library
Audience: Pre-schoolers
If you have any questions about the events listed above, please contact the branch for more information. See here for service updates at the Library.
1. Which branch library should teens choose if they want to practice essential job skills
A. Parkchester Library. B. Castle Hill Library.
C Harry Belafonte Library. D. Riverdale Library.
2. What can participants do in the program STEAM Crafts and Chat
A. Design a 3D printer. B. DIY hand-made jewelry.
C. Learn to serve others. D. Explore the New York city.
3. What do the programs have in common
A. They are targeted at teenagers. B. They are free of charge.
C. They are available all summer. D. They need to be registered in advance.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
B
Growing up as a kid in the UK, I was fascinated by insects. Wanting to protect them, I started building houses for ants, using little pieces of wood and leaves. I then moved on to making little cups and saucers from silver foil (箔纸) for the magical creatures. When seeing my work, my mother told me that the smaller I made things, the bigger my name would become.
As the years went by, my designs became more complicated. Making sculptures isn’t actually enjoyable. I sometimes work for 16 hours a day without breaks, and it takes me up to three months to finish a sculpture. I have to hold my breath during the sculpting process.
One time, a fly landed on a Cinderella carriage sculpture I was working on. The fly’s wings blew it away, and it was lost. I was heartbroken. Another time, I accidentally breathed in a microscopic Alice from Alice in Wonderland. Alice is now in the Wonderland forever. But it did give me the chance to make an even better one the second time around.
My sculptures have taken me to incredible places. In 2012, I met the queen, giving her a crown on the head of a pin. In 2013, I received my first Guinness World Record for creating the smallest sculpture by hand, a 24-carat gold motorbike that fitted inside a hair. In 2017, I beat my record with a sculpture of a human fetus (胎儿) that measured 0.078 mm by 0.053 mm.
I was diagnosed with autism (自闭症) as an adult. In school, my teachers had pointed me out as an example of failure; now, I see my autism as a gift. It’s pushed me to be the best I can be. I hold workshops in schools for neurodiverse children, sharing my story and helping them create their own miniature figures.
The microscopic world has always been my happy place. I’ve tried to make bigger sculptures, but small is best for me. We need to appreciate the little things in life. Small things can also be mighty, too.
4. What drove the author to make tiny sculpture at the beginning
A. His interest in insects. B. His desire to make a name.
C. His dream of setting a record. D. His awareness of wildlife protection.
5. Which of the following can best describe the author’s sculpting process
A. Eventful and enjoyable. B. Complex and frustrating.
C. Money-wasting but entertaining. D. Time-consuming but fulfilling.
6. How does the author deal with his autism now
A. He receives medical treatment. B. He takes full advantage of it.
C. He regards it as the source of failure. D. He shares it and asks help from others.
7. What message does the author mainly convey through the text
A. Great art comes at a cost of loss.
B. Minor things in life can carry weight.
C. Childhood experiences sculpt a career.
D. Hard work contributes to great achievements.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. B
C
A good story. That’s what influences our choice to buy a book the most. Right Some of the biggest-selling novels of all time just so happened to be attached to major publishers. Indeed, any reading lover will be familiar with the countless publishing houses that have brought brilliant works to the market. So in theory, perhaps a publisher does matter.
Every time you read a book that you enjoy, you likely look at the publisher attached to it. That name is a signal that they will produce other content that fits with that same style. It makes a lot of sense to continue to purchase texts from a company that is telling the kinds of stories that you enjoy the most. Consumer habits are thus based on trust that a publisher will be consistent in the books they deliver and that investing time in them is more reliable than an untested source.
The strength of the author themselves can also play into that. After all, well-liked authors are often signed to a book deal with a select few publishers, strengthening the brand further.
Of course, a publisher would be nothing without its logo, which is a major call-to-arms for all fans of the brand. The top publishers in the world instantly recognizable imagery, which catch the attention while summing up the name of a brand in an instant. That thus builds our association with a given name. The fun penguin shape of Penguin Random House is so iconic, for example, that it could not be confused with any other publishing business.
There might be a place for those indie (独立经营的) book companies, with occasional stories breaking through and forcing people to take notice. In truth that’s far less common than you expect. Expert Cassandra Davis, however, provides a hopeful insight. “Indie bookshops are more likely to stock an indie publisher’s books, especially if the author is local to the bookshop.” She says. Therefore, supporting local bookshops is a vital way to keep the indie industry alive and change these trends.
8. Which of the following is not a strategy for a publisher to promote its brand
A. Maintaining consistent publishing style. B. Contracting with renowned writers.
C Offering discounts to repeat customers. D. Designing a distinctive trademark.
9. What is the author’s attitude towards indie publishers
A. Optimistic. B. Sympathetic. C. Objective. D. Indifferent.
10. What does the underlined words “these trends” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Dominance of major publishers. B. Lack of attention to excellent books.
C. Depression of local bookshops. D. Stability of consumers’ preferences.
11. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Should We Judge a Book by Its Publisher
B. Do Publishers Influence Our Reading Choices
C. Why Do We Choose the Same Publisher Continuously
D. What Advantages Do Major Publishers Have Over Indie Ones
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B
D
Here’s a quick quiz. Person A does a favor for you. Person B asks you to do a favor for him. Who do you tend to like more Surprisingly, the answer is Person B. This quirk (怪癖) of human nature is known as the Ben Franklin Effect.
Benjamin Franklin came across the phenomenon in 1736 when serving as a clerk to the Pennsylvania Assembly. A powerful member didn’t care for Franklin and threatened to make life miserable for him. What to do Instead of winning him over with sweet talk, Franklin asked if he could borrow a rare and valuable book the man owned. This request altered the man’s attitude and paved the way for their friendship. Franklin’s takeaway: “He that has once done you a kindness will be ready to do you another, than he whom you yourself have obliged.”
Several studies have confirmed this. But how can we explain the Ben Franklin Effect Some psychologists refer to cognitive dissonance (失调). It’s difficult to hold two contradictory thoughts at the same time. It makes us uncomfortable. We resolve this tension by changing our mind. “I don’t like Joe, but I am doing him a favor,” we might think. “So maybe I do like him.”
While cognitive dissonance explains a lot, it alone doesn’t explain the Ben Franklin Effect. One 2015 study found that it was, rather, the affiliative (亲和的) motive that the requests convey. That is, we humans want to maintain good relations with other humans, and one way to achieve this is by doing favors for others. This explains a lot about altruistic behavior. We like being useful and, by extension, we like those who give us the opportunity to do so. It’s in our genes.
Yet there is much we still don’t know about the Ben Franklin Effect. Does it apply equally across cultures Is there a point beyond which asking a favor makes you less, not more likable Asking to borrow a book is one thing; asking to borrow a car is another.
12. Why does the author mention Benjamin Franklin’s experience
A. To illustrate a dilemma in making choices. B. To suggest a way of striking up friendships.
C. To stress the importance of strategic requests. D. To introduce the origin of the Ben Franklin Effect.
13. What is a reason for people’s tendency to like those asking for favors
A. Reducing the tension caused by social contact.
B. Increasing the chance of getting help in return.
C. Avoiding the discomfort from conflicting thoughts.
D. Establishing a cooperative community of shared trust.
14. What does the underlined word “altruistic” probably mean in paragraph 4
A. Selfless. B. Impolite. C. Aggressive. D. Responsible.
15. What does the author think of the Ben Franklin Effect
A. It makes little sense. B. It applies to most cultures.
C. It has situational limitations. D. It has great practical significance.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why are Police Officers Called Cops
Police officers are often referred to as cops. ____16____ Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”.
General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take. ____17____
Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops. Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”.
____19____ And it is no longer considered rude. However, certain other terms for police officers are definitely unwelcome. While British Police might not mind being called “bobbies”, no police members like to be referred to as “pigs” or the “fuzz”. Some don’t mind the term the “heat” as applied to the whole police force, but the police force does not generally take kindly to terms given to them by criminals.
The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop. ____20____
A. The term is slightly less familiar to people.
B. So, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar.
C. These words define some of what a police officer does.
D. The profession of a police officer was not respected then.
E. But the origins of this nickname are something of a debate.
F. However, the term “police officer” is generally most correct.
G. Today it is appropriate to call members of the police force cops.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. F
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Juleus Ghunta is an award-winning children’s author, but growing up, he could barely ___21___. Raised by a single mother, who often had to make ___22___ choices about how to use their limited resources－including a decision to send his oldest sister to school, he had been kept home and had no ___23___ to books as a child.
When Ghunta finally got the opportunity to attend school, he couldn’t ___24___ words, spell, or read with understanding. The situation was made worse by a series of teachers who made him feel ___25___. “They were not very patient, not very kind,” he said, “I suffered from a deep sense of loss and shame.”
Fortunately, a young teacher decided to start a reading program for ___26___ students. Ghunta was the first to sign up. “The teacher was ___27___ kind to me.” he said, “She had left me with the gift of literacy, and a deeper appreciation of my value as a human being.” Under her patient ___28___, Ghunta’s reading skills gradually improved, and his sense of inadequacy (不足) began to ___29___.
After interacting with the young teacher, Ghunta’s life took a new ___30___. He graduated from high school with a number of academic awards, and went on to college successfully. Nowadays, he is the author of two children’s books about ___31___ difficult experiences in childhood.
In 2010, Ghunta went back to his old school to ___32___ his old teacher’s name, but in vain. However, he still hopes to ___33___ her one day, so that he can thank her for seeing his ___34___. “I would love for her to see the significant impact she has made on my life, and the ways in which I have carried this ___35___ of her－the hope, the light, with me－and how it continues to be a source of joy.”
21. A. speak B. read C. write D. learn
22. A. balanced B. financial C. tough D. hesitant
23 A. interest B. relation C. attention D. exposure
24. A. make out B. pick up C. deal with D. take in
25. A. powerless B. restless C. worthless D. aimless
26. A. struggling B. humble C. incapable D. isolated
27. A. apparently B. incredibly C. naturally D. sincerely
28. A. influence B. company C. devotion D. guidance
29. A. lift B. wave C. blow D. move
30. A. platform B. setting C. direction D. channel
31. A. preventing B. surviving C. overcoming D. cherishing
32. A. record B. recall C. identify D. inquire
33. A. seek B. find C. meet D. call
34. A. demand B. effort C. dignity D. potential
35. A. emotion B. memory C. blessing D. legacy
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. B
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of children in Zimbabwe, a country in southeast Africa, are ____36____ (close) following a series of martial arts (武术) movements performed in a slow and focused manner accompanied by deep breathing, ____37____ their eyes fixed on their Chinese tai chi master.
Actually, ____38____ group of tai chi enthusiasts are enjoying the power of concentration under the guidance of their instructor, 45-year-old Zhu Wei, ____39____ is the captain of the Chinese medical team in Zimbabwe. “Tai chi increases focus and makes students, from school children to college students, concentrate on studies.” he says.
Tai chi is a mind-body exercise ____40____ (root) in multiple Chinese traditions, including martial arts, traditional Chinese medicine and philosophy. It emphasizes a mind-body connection ____41____ (use) gentle movements, meditation (冥想) and deep breathing.
Martial arts ____42____ (recognize) as a fitness practice, with a wide range of health benefits. Zhu says tai chi provides mental health benefits like improved focus, as well as decreased stress, ____43____ (anxious) and depression. In addition, it can improve a ____44____ (child) confidence and physical strength.
Organizer of the children’s events Abraham Matuka says keeping youngsters busy and entertained with activities like tai chi ____45____ (help) meet challenges of drug and other teenager crimes in low-income townships.
【答案】36. closely
37. with 38. the
39. who 40. rooted
41. using 42. are recognized
43. anxiety
44. child’s
45. helps
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，最近你们到一个外国游客较多的旅游景点上了一堂口语实践课。请你用英文给澳大利亚朋友Luke写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：1. 上课的过程；2. 你的感想。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Luke,
I’m writing to share with you a special spoken English class I had the other day.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Luke,
I’m writing to share with you a special spoken English class I had the other day. Our teacher led the entire class to a renowned tourist attraction frequented by visitors from Western countries. We had the unique opportunity to engage in conversations with native speakers. All of us were activated by the authentic environment rather than the simulated ones at class, thus leaving every one of us with an urge to talk to the foreigners. Even the most timid boy managed to have a happy conversation with a tourist from Wellington. This immersive experience was incredibly beneficial, as it significantly boosted my confidence and sharpened my language skills. Interacting with them in a real-world setting was exhilarating and profoundly enriching. In a word, I believe this experience will have a lasting positive impact on my English proficiency.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Missy was absolutely my best friend in the whole world. We had known each other since first grade, and we literally did everything together. We frequently visited each other’s homes, we knew each other’s families like they were our own. The interesting thing about our relationship, however the fact was that the older we got, the more our values seemed to differ. We still enjoyed a lot of the same things, but I was a bit more settled while she loved being associated with popular people and things. Although she was basically a good person, she had no problem with forcing things to go her way.
Perhaps this is why it seemed that her family actually trusted me more than they trusted her. So, on the day when Missy showed up at my house with a huge dent (凹痕) in her father’s car, I knew that we were in for a troublesome time.
She had banged the car into a tree while out that day, and she knew her father was going to have an explanation. So she stopped by my house in order to make up a story that would lessen her father’s rage. Missy decided to tell him that while in a parking lot, someone must have backed into the car and dented it. Looking at the dent with some crashed leaves and bark still sticking there, I attempted to perish (打消) her thought. “I don’t think your father will buy it.” “ Don’t worry,” she insisted,“even if my dad doesn’t trust me, he’ll trust you.” My role was to confirm for her. Now keep in mind that I had strong objections to lying and I wanted absolutely nothing to do with the situation. I loved her parents just like my own, and I did not want to be a party to this lie that Missy was creating. Nevertheless, after much request and a general questioning of my loyalty to our friendship, I decided that the least I could do was to act as a silent witness. That way, I wasn’t actually lying; I just wasn’t telling the full truth.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: An hour or so later, we presented Missy’s father with the car and the inquiry began.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Her father looked at me with great disbelief.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】An hour or so later, we presented Missy’s father with the car and the inquiry began. Under a barrage of inquiries, Missy recapped her concocted story unhurriedly, while I stood there in silent agreement. After Missy finishing her seemingly perfect statement, her father raised his eyebrows and turned to me, waiting for my proof. However, once again, I chose silence under his scrutinizing eyes with my heart pounding violently. Suddenly, he walked over to the dented area for a closer inspection. It was at that point that pieces of bark from the tree that Missy had hit fell out.
Her father looked at me with great disbelief. An enormous sense of guilt rose up in me as his cold eyes seemed to proclaim me as the “guilty” bystander. I was so flustered that I wanted to explain but was interrupted by his harsh words, “You guys really failed me! Especially...” Instead of continuing his reproach, he took a deep breath and turned his back on me. It dawned on me that the precious but fragile trust had been smashed by my silence. In fact, the process of how we apologized to make amends was just a blur, but the bitter lesson of being a silent accomplice was branded on my memory.