湖南省衡阳市第八中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题（含答案，无听力原文及音频）

2024-2025学年湖南省衡阳市第八中学高二上学期第一次月考
英语试题
时量：120分钟 分值：150分
考试范围：必修一Unit 1至选必二Unit 2
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do next
A. Dry her hair. B. Wash her hair. C. Take a shower.
2. When will the speakers probably start sailing tomorrow
A. In the early morning. B. Around noon. C. At midnight.
3. Who is Nolan probably
A. The speakers’ kid. B. The speakers’ teacher. C. The speakers’ audience.
4. What does the man like about the store
A. The selection. B. The service. C. The prices.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. Fruit. B. Sweets. C. Dance.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When was the woman probably born
A. In 1991. B. In 1992. C. In 1993.
7. What music are the speakers listening to now
A Rock music. B. Rap music. C. Pop music.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. How did the man get to Edinburgh
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By train.
9. What nationality are the speakers probably
A. British B. German. C. American.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why doesn’t the woman worry about AI art software
A. Her buyers reject AI’s creations.
B. It produces low-quality art works.
C. She doesn’t work in the art industry.
11. Who is Marissa
A. A photographer. B. A cartoonist. C. An art collector.
12. What is the potential problem of the AI tools according to the speakers
A. Their costs are increasing. B. They can’t identify mistakes. C. Companies hardly use them.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a classroom. B. At a gym. C. In a café.
14. What is the man learning to do now
A. Create mini landscape scenes. B. Paint his garden. C. Dra w pictures.
15. How did the man probably feel while introducing his hobby
A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Proud.
16. Why does the woman support the man’s hobby
A. It relates to his future career.
B It helps him fit in with friends.
C. It develops traditional Chinese culture.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题
17. What is the main purpose of the speech
A. To discuss a promotion.
B. To congratulate on retirement.
C. To introduce the change of leadership.
18. What happened to the company around 2000
A. It had a new boss.
B. It was officially established.
C. It expanded into the global market.
19. How does the speaker describe Shen Hai’s character
A. Good-natured and hardworking.
B. Flexible and understanding.
C. Strict and fair.
20. What is the most important to the speaker
A. Environmental protection. B. The employees’ benefits. C. The company’s goals.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Yellowstone Poster Exhibition to Be on View at UW’s Coe Library
A first-of-its-kind exhibition that focuses on the history of Yellowstone National Park posters will be on display at the University of Wyoming’s Coe Library from Tuesday, February 1.
“Wonderland Illustrated” will present posters and poster-style illustrations of the park spanning more than a century from the 1870s through 2022. The exhibition will be located on Level 3 of Coe Library. It will be on view through Friday, May 27.
The exhibition takes place at the same time as this year’s 150th anniversary of the creation of Yellowstone National Park. The posters in the exhibition serve the purpose of both advertising and art.
“We’re thrilled to be working with Yellowstone collectors Jack and Susan Davis, and Larry and Thea Lancaster to bring this exhibition to the University of Wyoming as part of year-long celebrations recognizing Yellowstone’s 150th anniversary,” says Tamsen Hert, head of UW Libraries’ Emmett D. Chisum Special Collections. “This exhibition involves the history of printing, art, photography and advertising over 16 decades. The images reproduced are found on travel brochures, postcards and maps—many of which are held in our collections.”
One poster from the exhibition—Henry Wellge’s “Yellowstone National Park” from 1904 — was recently purchased with donated funds and is now part of UW Libraries’ Emmett D. Chisum Special Collections. Wellge, a productive artist of bird’s-eye views, designed the piece for the Northern Pacific Railroad, which used it to advertise the park. This is a unique piece, as posters such as this one were printed on soft paper and very few have survived.
1. How long will the exhibition “Wonderland Illustrated” last
A. About two weeks. B. About four months.
C. About three months. D. About one year.
2. What is a purpose of the exhibition
A. To remember a famous artist. B. To mark the anniversary of a national park.
C. To raise funds for Coe Library. D. To tell the history of the University of Wyoming.
3. What do we know about the 1904 poster Henry Wellge designed
A. It is owned by a professor. B. It is in black and white.
C. It is printed on cloth. D. It is rare in the world.
B
Growing up in Kenya, Leseir Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya’s ongoing problem-deforestation.
Lesein follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.
In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees 4 Goals, and when he scores a goal, he plants 11 trees — one to represent each player on his team. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for respective sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, I think that is the biggest achievement,” he said.
The initiative has caught the attention of Arsenal Football Club and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment, Climate Change and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from.
Like the Green Belt Movement, Trees 4 Goals, which has planted over 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.
As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, Lesein says its important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small.
4. What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection
A. His fellow athletes’ encouragement. B. The demands of the football team.
C. The influence of his family. D. Wangari Maathai’s considerable assistance.
5. Why did Lesein found Trees 4 Goals
A. To set an example for others. B. To show his achievements.
C. To gain Kenya’s support. D. To catch Arsenal Football Club’s attention.
6. What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees 4 Goals
A. Promoting football’s development. B. Getting beyond the Green Belt Movement.
C. Beating climate change completely. D. Going global with the help of FIFA.
7. What can we learn from Lesein’s story
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B. Positive thinking and action result in success.
C. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
C
Food packaging from around the world contains at least 68 “forever chemicals” that can seep into what we eat, a new study finds. And 61 of them are not even supposed to be used in such products. “It’s not clear why the latter chemicals, which are not on lists of those authorized for use in food containers, are in such packaging.” says the study’s author Birgit Geueke.
The study focused on a class of chemicals called perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which are sometimes called “forever chemicals” because they don’t break down readily in the environment or in the body. That’s because their characteristic carbon-fluorine bond is one of the strongest in nature. For decades, these substances have been used in a wide range of consumer products, from cookware to pesticides to cosmetics, because they are proof against water and grease.
Geueke and her team found a mismatch between what they detected in actual products and a database of PFAS chemicals authorized for use in food packaging. About 140 PFASs are known to be used in food packaging, but only seven of the 68 chemicals in the study were on this list. Geueke says it’s unclear how or why the other 61 chemicals turned up. David Andrews, a chemist and toxicologist at a nonprofit environmental advocacy organization, suggests it’s possible that unknown impurities emerged during the manufacturing of the authorized chemicals or that the authorized PFASs degrade over time. This class of chemicals includes many long-chain molecules, and they can break into shorter chains that are simply different types of PFASs.
PFASs have been found in human blood and breast milk, drinking water, soil and other startling places around the world. Exposure to some of the most studied PFASs has been associated with cancer, reproductive problems and lessened responses to vaccines. “There’s an incredible body of scientific evidence linking PFAS chemicals to health harm,” says Andrews. Many countries are evaluating restrictions of PFASs in food packaging.
Chemical industry representatives have advocated for dealing with PFASs as individual chemicals. Before publishing the new study, Scientific American reached out to the American Chemistry Council (ACC), a chemistry industry trade association, about it, but the organization did not reply. On its dedicated PFAS webpage, ACC notes that “all PFASs are not the same. Each individual chemical has its own unique properties and uses.”
Andrews and Geueke both say the presence of unknown PFASs in food packaging is good reason to regulate these chemicals as a single class—a position shared with many other scientific experts and environmental protection groups. There are more than 12,000 known PFASs, and scientists don’t know much about most of them. “Only some PFASs have ever been tested for toxicity,” Geueke says, and “there are probably other ways to produce food packaging.”
8. What can we learn about PFASs from the passage
A. They are able to resist water and grease. B. They last long and never break down.
C. They contain the longest chemical bond. D. They are mainly used for food packaging.
9. What is the main idea of paragraph 3
A. The potential usage of the unknown impurities.
B. The authorization of food packaging chemicals.
C. The likely transforming process from PFASs into new chemicals.
D. The possible explanation for the presence of unauthorized PFASs.
10. What can we learn from paragraph 5
A. Chemical industry has worked out ways to use PFASs safely in different products.
B. ACC agrees with chemical industry representatives regarding PFASs.
C. Scientific American has got the authoritative power in dealing with PFASs.
D. ACC supports testing more unknown PFASs for toxicity.
11. Which would Geueke probably agree with
A. Laws should be made to ban the use of PFASs.
B. Food packaging alternatives should be explored.
C. The chemicals in food packaging should be listed.
D. Scientists should continue discovering new PFASs.
D
Picture this: Your computer could sense your emotions as you worked — feeling your joy at completing a task, your boredom during repetitive data entry, or your frustration when an error message keeps emerging. This might sound like science fiction, but researchers are bringing this vision closer to reality by developing advanced computational models that can predict human emotions during computer interactions.
At the forefront of this effort is a team of Finnish scientists who have created a model. The model essentially puts itself in the user’s shoes, simulating (模拟) the series of actions, outcomes, and cognitive appraisals (认知评估) that ultimately give rise to emotions like happiness, boredom, or frustration.
To test their model, the researchers designed a series of interactive computer tasks meant to cause specific emotions. In the “happiness” task, users answered a series of questions and received positive feedback for correct responses. The “boredom” task involved a series of repetitive questions. In the “frustration” task, the system was intentionally programmed to display error messages and ultimately fail, regardless of the user’s answers.
As study participants worked through these tasks, the emotional reactions predicted by the model closely matched the emotions reported by the users themselves. The model was even able to discover small changes, such as a steady increase in frustration over the course of the error-ridden task.
The researchers believe their emotion-predicting model could pave the way for a new generation of emotionally intelligent computers that can tailor their behavior to the user’s psychological state. An effective system might offer a stressed user comforting words of encouragement, liven up a boring task with humor, or provide emotional assistance when frustration mounts. “By creating interactions that are more emotionally attuned, designers could boost user engagement, productivity, and overall well-being,” they add.
However, the model is still in progress and needs to be extended to recognize a wider range of emotions across more complex, real-world computer interactions. The researchers also emphasize the importance of gathering more diverse training data to ensure the model can accurately predict emotions for users of all backgrounds.
12. How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A. By making a comparison. B. By creating an imaginary scene.
C. By telling a real life story. D. By sharing a popular book.
13. What were computer users asked to do in the study
A. Comfort each other. B. Report their feelings.
C. Get rid of boredom. D. Stay disconnected online.
14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Great improvements on the model. B. Characteristics of future computer users.
C Researchers’ expectation of their model. D. Computer users’ responses to the model.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Smart Computers May Replace Humans
B. Interactions with Computers Are Enjoyable
C. Computers Might Understand Our Emotions
D. An Emotion-predicting Model Meets Challenges
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Picture this: you’re baking cookies. As you lift the pan out of the oven, your bare arm accidentally touches it. Ouch! Why did you feel pain And how is your brain involved in sensing pain We may not like pain, but our bodies need it as a warning system. ____16____
There are special receptor cells in our skin and bodies that are sensitive to certain stimuli (刺激). These cells are called “nociceptors”. When a nociceptor gets exposed to a painful stimulus, it sends a message into the brain. The brain processes that information, and then pain is felt. ____17____ Think about a time when you’ve stubbed your toe. There doesn’t seem to be a delay between hitting your toe and then feeling pain: it feels like it happens at the same time.
____18____ If we have an injury, pain alerts us to rest and let the injury heal. If we stand too close to a fire, pain tells us to move away. Not being able to feel pain can be dangerous. Some people can feel sensations like touch, but they cannot feel pain. Without feeling pain, they cannot listen to their bodies when they need to rest or heal.
On the other hand, the brain sometimes processes pain where there isn’t any actual injury to the body. Here’s a famous story: a man stepped on a nail. It went through the bottom of his shoe, and he felt like he was in horrible pain. When the doctors removed his shoe, they found that the nail was between his toes! It hadn’t gone into his foot at all. ____19____ So his brain perceived pain to match the experience.
Without pain, we might not know when we could need to rest. We might not know if we were in danger of hurting ourselves. ____20____ However, it is an important part of human life and survival!
A. Pain is not fun to feel.
B. Pain is a response to a stimulus.
C. Our brains use sensory information to interpret the pain that we feel.
D. Even though pain is an unpleasant feeling, it is necessary for human survival.
E. All of this signal sending and processing happens faster than we can perceive.
F. It is an important function of our brain, telling our bodies when something is wrong.
G. However, the visual information tricked his brain into thinking that there was cause for alarm.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But,___21___, words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often___22___the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—___23___that the customer remains a customer.___24___to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing___25___, this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.
Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the___26___implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big___27___in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to___28___increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.
In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and___29___never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in_____30_____profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).
The logic behind cultivating customer_____31_____is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to_____32_____them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits._____33_____customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price_____34_____, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it_____35_____for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.
21. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all
22. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe
23. A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving
24. A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing
25. A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses
26. A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical
27 A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference
28 A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget
29. A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary
30. A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable
31. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest
32. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting
33. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected
34. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive
35. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Third Hunan Tourism Development Conference, ____36____ (hold) in Hengyang from Friday to Sunday, exemplified the province’s dedication to elevate its tourism industry to a new ____37____ (high). The conference featured 499 culture and tourism projects launched with ____38____ investment of more than 357.5 billion yuan. These projects covered areas such as low-altitude flights, high-quality accommodation, and industrial tourism.
Shen Xiaoming, Party chief of Hunan, opened the conference ____39____ Saturday night, ____40____ (say) that the province has seen rapid development in recent years. To leverage the strength of the province, the conference is actively advertising the high-quality development of the tourism industry. It wants to launch more distinctive culture and tourism products, ____41____ (rich) the tourism industrial chain, increase tourism’s added value, ____42____ create favorable conditions for tourism enterprises to invest and do business in the province. Mao Weiming, governor of Hunan, said Hengyang ____43____ (build) a brand-new image before holding the conference. The city has been revitalizing its old streets and industrial areas to create new cultural tourism scenes, such as the Baoweili project, which has become a key spot for leisure and entertainment. Additionally, Hengyang is also known for the Shigu Academy, one of the four well-known Chinese academies, ____44____ visitors can enjoy ancient buildings and academic culture.
Hunan will make the most efforts to improve the travel experience and upgrade the image of ____45____ (it) tourism industry to make the province a hot tourism destination.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，是一名高中生，你注意到学校很多学生不重视大课间跑操。请你写一封倡议书，鼓励同学们认真对待大课间跑操。需要囊括以下几个内容：
1. 倡议的原因2. 跑操的好处3. 呼吁大家积极参加体育锻炼
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
参考词汇：大课间跑操：jogging exercise
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下而材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a single mother, I’ve never doubted my daughter Jane’s dream to be a singer on the stage. At an early age, she was crazy about singing. Whenever she had a chance, she would sing to her heart’s content. Her sweet and charming voice tended to get people around attracted to her songs.
Living in a small city, I took several odd jobs, determined to do everything in my power to support her. Soon after Jane attended school, her music teacher Mary noticed her talent by chance and volunteered to give her some guidance on how to sing. Jane practiced so hard that before long she made great progress in singing.
Unfortunately, one noon a year later, Jane was crossing the street when a careless driver knocked her down. She was rushed to hospital. When I hurried there, the doctor told me that my daughter would probably not stand on her own feet. I froze with shock, feeling as if I had been thrown into a dark world. Weak and dizzy, I was about to fall to the ground when someone took hold of me.
It was Mary, who got the news and raced here. She comforted me, saying firmly, “Grace, Jane needs you. You must stay calm and strong.” I nodded. Having calmed down, I entered the ward with Mary.
That night, Jane recovered her consciousness (知觉) and opened her eyes. Holding her hand, I said, “My dear, everything would be fine.” Mary comforted her gently, “I know you are a strong girl, Jane. Don’t worry. We’ll be standing by you.” I was heartbroken to see tears streaming down Jane’s cheeks.
After two months, we returned home from hospital. Her teachers and friends frequently visited her. Jane eventually accepted the fact that she would have to get around in a wheelchair. Never did she refer to the subject of singing again. I knew she was a nice and understanding girl, who was afraid that talking about her original dream would upset the two of us.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day, however, Mary came with good news.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the host announced it was Jane’s turn, she was wheeled onto the stage.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
衡阳市八中2024学年度高二上期第一次月考
英语试题
答案版
时量：120分钟 分值：150分
考试范围：必修一Unit 1至选必二Unit 2
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do next
A. Dry her hair. B. Wash her hair. C. Take a shower.
2. When will the speakers probably start sailing tomorrow
A. In the early morning. B. Around noon. C. At midnight.
3. Who is Nolan probably
A. The speakers’ kid. B. The speakers’ teacher. C. The speakers’ audience.
4. What does the man like about the store
A. The selection. B. The service. C. The prices.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. Fruit. B. Sweets. C. Dance.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When was the woman probably born
A. In 1991. B. In 1992. C. In 1993.
7. What music are the speakers listening to now
A. Rock music. B. Rap music. C. Pop music.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. How did the man get to Edinburgh
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By train.
9. What nationality are the speakers probably
A. British B. German. C. American.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why doesn’t the woman worry about AI art software
A. Her buyers reject AI’s creations.
B. It produces low-quality art works.
C. She doesn’t work in the art industry.
11. Who is Marissa
A. A photographer. B. A cartoonist. C. An art collector.
12. What is the potential problem of the AI tools according to the speakers
A. Their costs are increasing. B. They can’t identify mistakes. C. Companies hardly use them.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a classroom. B. At a gym. C. In a café.
14. What is the man learning to do now
A. Create mini landscape scenes. B. Paint his garden. C. Dra w pictures.
15. How did the man probably feel while introducing his hobby
A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Proud.
16. Why does the woman support the man’s hobby
A. It relates to his future career.
B. It helps him fit in with friends.
C. It develops traditional Chinese culture.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题
17. What is the main purpose of the speech
A. To discuss a promotion.
B. To congratulate on retirement.
C. To introduce the change of leadership.
18. What happened to the company around 2000
A. It had a new boss.
B. It was officially established.
C. It expanded into the global market.
19. How does the speaker describe Shen Hai’s character
A. Good-natured and hardworking.
B. Flexible and understanding.
C. Strict and fair.
20 What is the most important to the speaker
Environmental protection. B. The employees’ benefits. C. The company’s goals.
听力答案 略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Yellowstone Poster Exhibition to Be on View at UW’s Coe Library
A first-of-its-kind exhibition that focuses on the history of Yellowstone National Park posters will be on display at the University of Wyoming’s Coe Library from Tuesday, February 1.
“Wonderland Illustrated” will present posters and poster-style illustrations of the park spanning more than a century from the 1870s through 2022. The exhibition will be located on Level 3 of Coe Library. It will be on view through Friday, May 27.
The exhibition takes place at the same time as this year’s 150th anniversary of the creation of Yellowstone National Park. The posters in the exhibition serve the purpose of both advertising and art.
“We’re thrilled to be working with Yellowstone collectors Jack and Susan Davis, and Larry and Thea Lancaster to bring this exhibition to the University of Wyoming as part of year-long celebrations recognizing Yellowstone’s 150th anniversary,” says Tamsen Hert, head of UW Libraries’ Emmett D. Chisum Special Collections. “This exhibition involves the history of printing, art, photography and advertising over 16 decades. The images reproduced are found on travel brochures, postcards and maps—many of which are held in our collections.”
One poster from the exhibition—Henry Wellge’s “Yellowstone National Park” from 1904 — was recently purchased with donated funds and is now part of UW Libraries’ Emmett D. Chisum Special Collections. Wellge, a productive artist of bird’s-eye views, designed the piece for the Northern Pacific Railroad, which used it to advertise the park. This is a unique piece, as posters such as this one were printed on soft paper and very few have survived.
1. How long will the exhibition “Wonderland Illustrated” last
A. About two weeks. B. About four months.
C. About three months. D. About one year.
2. What is a purpose of the exhibition
A. To remember a famous artist. B. To mark the anniversary of a national park.
C. To raise funds for Coe Library. D. To tell the history of the University of Wyoming.
3. What do we know about the 1904 poster Henry Wellge designed
A. It is owned by a professor. B. It is in black and white.
C. It is printed on cloth. D. It is rare in the world.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D
B
Growing up in Kenya, Leseir Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya’s ongoing problem-deforestation.
Lesein follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.
In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees 4 Goals, and when he scores a goal, he plants 11 trees — one to represent each player on his team. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for respective sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, I think that is the biggest achievement,” he said.
The initiative has caught the attention of Arsenal Football Club and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment, Climate Change and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from.
Like the Green Belt Movement, Trees 4 Goals, which has planted over 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.
As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, Lesein says its important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small.
4. What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection
A. His fellow athletes’ encouragement. B. The demands of the football team.
C. The influence of his family. D. Wangari Maathai’s considerable assistance.
5. Why did Lesein found Trees 4 Goals
A. To set an example for others. B. To show his achievements.
C. To gain Kenya’s support. D. To catch Arsenal Football Club’s attention.
6 What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees 4 Goals
A. Promoting football’s development. B. Getting beyond the Green Belt Movement.
C. Beating climate change completely. D. Going global with the help of FIFA.
7. What can we learn from Lesein’s story
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B. Positive thinking and action result in success.
C. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B
C
Food packaging from around the world contains at least 68 “forever chemicals” that can seep into what we eat, a new study finds. And 61 of them are not even supposed to be used in such products. “It’s not clear why the latter chemicals, which are not on lists of those authorized for use in food containers, are in such packaging.” says the study’s author Birgit Geueke.
The study focused on a class of chemicals called perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which are sometimes called “forever chemicals” because they don’t break down readily in the environment or in the body. That’s because their characteristic carbon-fluorine bond is one of the strongest in nature. For decades, these substances have been used in a wide range of consumer products, from cookware to pesticides to cosmetics, because they are proof against water and grease.
Geueke and her team found a mismatch between what they detected in actual products and a database of PFAS chemicals authorized for use in food packaging. About 140 PFASs are known to be used in food packaging, but only seven of the 68 chemicals in the study were on this list. Geueke says it’s unclear how or why the other 61 chemicals turned up. David Andrews, a chemist and toxicologist at a nonprofit environmental advocacy organization, suggests it’s possible that unknown impurities emerged during the manufacturing of the authorized chemicals or that the authorized PFASs degrade over time. This class of chemicals includes many long-chain molecules, and they can break into shorter chains that are simply different types of PFASs.
PFASs have been found in human blood and breast milk, drinking water, soil and other startling places around the world. Exposure to some of the most studied PFASs has been associated with cancer, reproductive problems and lessened responses to vaccines. “There’s an incredible body of scientific evidence linking PFAS chemicals to health harm,” says Andrews. Many countries are evaluating restrictions of PFASs in food packaging.
Chemical industry representatives have advocated for dealing with PFASs as individual chemicals. Before publishing the new study, Scientific American reached out to the American Chemistry Council (ACC), a chemistry industry trade association, about it, but the organization did not reply. On its dedicated PFAS webpage, ACC notes that “all PFASs are not the same. Each individual chemical has its own unique properties and uses.”
Andrews and Geueke both say the presence of unknown PFASs in food packaging is good reason to regulate these chemicals as a single class—a position shared with many other scientific experts and environmental protection groups. There are more than 12,000 known PFASs, and scientists don’t know much about most of them. “Only some PFASs have ever been tested for toxicity,” Geueke says, and “there are probably other ways to produce food packaging.”
8. What can we learn about PFASs from the passage
A. They are able to resist water and grease. B. They last long and never break down.
C. They contain the longest chemical bond. D. They are mainly used for food packaging.
9. What is the main idea of paragraph 3
A. The potential usage of the unknown impurities.
B. The authorization of food packaging chemicals.
C. The likely transforming process from PFASs into new chemicals.
D. The possible explanation for the presence of unauthorized PFASs.
10 What can we learn from paragraph 5
A. Chemical industry has worked out ways to use PFASs safely in different products.
B. ACC agrees with chemical industry representatives regarding PFASs.
C. Scientific American has got the authoritative power in dealing with PFASs.
D. ACC supports testing more unknown PFASs for toxicity.
11. Which would Geueke probably agree with
A. Laws should be made to ban the use of PFASs.
B. Food packaging alternatives should be explored.
C. The chemicals in food packaging should be listed.
D. Scientists should continue discovering new PFASs.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
D
Picture this: Your computer could sense your emotions as you worked — feeling your joy at completing a task, your boredom during repetitive data entry, or your frustration when an error message keeps emerging. This might sound like science fiction, but researchers are bringing this vision closer to reality by developing advanced computational models that can predict human emotions during computer interactions.
At the forefront of this effort is a team of Finnish scientists who have created a model. The model essentially puts itself in the user’s shoes, simulating (模拟) the series of actions, outcomes, and cognitive appraisals (认知评估) that ultimately give rise to emotions like happiness, boredom, or frustration.
To test their model, the researchers designed a series of interactive computer tasks meant to cause specific emotions. In the “happiness” task, users answered a series of questions and received positive feedback for correct responses. The “boredom” task involved a series of repetitive questions. In the “frustration” task, the system was intentionally programmed to display error messages and ultimately fail, regardless of the user’s answers.
As study participants worked through these tasks, the emotional reactions predicted by the model closely matched the emotions reported by the users themselves. The model was even able to discover small changes, such as a steady increase in frustration over the course of the error-ridden task.
The researchers believe their emotion-predicting model could pave the way for a new generation of emotionally intelligent computers that can tailor their behavior to the user’s psychological state. An effective system might offer a stressed user comforting words of encouragement, liven up a boring task with humor, or provide emotional assistance when frustration mounts. “By creating interactions that are more emotionally attuned, designers could boost user engagement, productivity, and overall well-being,” they add.
However, the model is still in progress and needs to be extended to recognize a wider range of emotions across more complex, real-world computer interactions. The researchers also emphasize the importance of gathering more diverse training data to ensure the model can accurately predict emotions for users of all backgrounds.
12. How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A. By making a comparison. B. By creating an imaginary scene.
C. By telling a real life story. D. By sharing a popular book.
13. What were computer users asked to do in the study
A. Comfort each other. B. Report their feelings.
C Get rid of boredom. D. Stay disconnected online.
14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Great improvements on the model. B. Characteristics of future computer users.
C. Researchers’ expectation of their model. D. Computer users’ responses to the model.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Smart Computers May Replace Humans
B. Interactions with Computers Are Enjoyable
C. Computers Might Understand Our Emotions
D. An Emotion-predicting Model Meets Challenges
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. C
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Picture this: you’re baking cookies. As you lift the pan out of the oven, your bare arm accidentally touches it. Ouch! Why did you feel pain And how is your brain involved in sensing pain We may not like pain, but our bodies need it as a warning system. ____16____
There are special receptor cells in our skin and bodies that are sensitive to certain stimuli (刺激). These cells are called “nociceptors”. When a nociceptor gets exposed to a painful stimulus, it sends a message into the brain. The brain processes that information, and then pain is felt. ____17____ Think about a time when you’ve stubbed your toe. There doesn’t seem to be a delay between hitting your toe and then feeling pain: it feels like it happens at the same time.
____18____ If we have an injury, pain alerts us to rest and let the injury heal. If we stand too close to a fire, pain tells us to move away. Not being able to feel pain can be dangerous. Some people can feel sensations like touch, but they cannot feel pain. Without feeling pain, they cannot listen to their bodies when they need to rest or heal.
On the other hand, the brain sometimes processes pain where there isn’t any actual injury to the body. Here’s a famous story: a man stepped on a nail. It went through the bottom of his shoe, and he felt like he was in horrible pain. When the doctors removed his shoe, they found that the nail was between his toes! It hadn’t gone into his foot at all. ____19____ So his brain perceived pain to match the experience.
Without pain, we might not know when we could need to rest. We might not know if we were in danger of hurting ourselves. ____20____ However, it is an important part of human life and survival!
A. Pain is not fun to feel.
B. Pain is a response to a stimulus.
C. Our brains use sensory information to interpret the pain that we feel.
D. Even though pain is an unpleasant feeling, it is necessary for human survival.
E. All of this signal sending and processing happens faster than we can perceive.
F. It is an important function of our brain, telling our bodies when something is wrong.
G. However, the visual information tricked his brain into thinking that there was cause for alarm.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. G 20. A
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But,___21___, words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often___22___the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—___23___that the customer remains a customer.___24___to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing___25___, this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.
Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the___26___implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big___27___in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to___28___increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.
In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and___29___never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in_____30_____profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).
The logic behind cultivating customer_____31_____is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to_____32_____them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits._____33_____customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price_____34_____, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it_____35_____for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.
21. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all
22. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe
23. A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving
24. A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing
25. A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses
26. A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical
27. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference
28. A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget
29. A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary
30. A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable
31. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest
32. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting
33. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected
34. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive
35. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. B
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Third Hunan Tourism Development Conference, ____36____ (hold) in Hengyang from Friday to Sunday, exemplified the province’s dedication to elevate its tourism industry to a new ____37____ (high). The conference featured 499 culture and tourism projects launched with ____38____ investment of more than 357.5 billion yuan. These projects covered areas such as low-altitude flights, high-quality accommodation, and industrial tourism.
Shen Xiaoming, Party chief of Hunan, opened the conference ____39____ Saturday night, ____40____ (say) that the province has seen rapid development in recent years. To leverage the strength of the province, the conference is actively advertising the high-quality development of the tourism industry. It wants to launch more distinctive culture and tourism products, ____41____ (rich) the tourism industrial chain, increase tourism’s added value, ____42____ create favorable conditions for tourism enterprises to invest and do business in the province. Mao Weiming, governor of Hunan, said Hengyang ____43____ (build) a brand-new image before holding the conference. The city has been revitalizing its old streets and industrial areas to create new cultural tourism scenes, such as the Baoweili project, which has become a key spot for leisure and entertainment. Additionally, Hengyang is also known for the Shigu Academy, one of the four well-known Chinese academies, ____44____ visitors can enjoy ancient buildings and academic culture.
Hunan will make the most efforts to improve the travel experience and upgrade the image of ____45____ (it) tourism industry to make the province a hot tourism destination.
【答案】36. held
37. height 38. an
39. on 40. saying
41. enrich 42. and
43. had built
44. where 45. its
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，是一名高中生，你注意到学校很多学生不重视大课间跑操。请你写一封倡议书，鼓励同学们认真对待大课间跑操。需要囊括以下几个内容：
1. 倡议的原因2. 跑操的好处3. 呼吁大家积极参加体育锻炼
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
参考词汇：大课间跑操：jogging exercise
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear fellow students,
As a high school student, I have noticed that many of us are neglecting the importance of our jogging exercise during the long break. Therefore, I sincerely encourage all students to take it seriously.
Regular jogging not only strengthens our body but also helps relieve stress, enhances concentration, and boosts teamwork spirit. It is a precious opportunity to keep fit and cultivate perseverance. Let’s all take active participation in this exercise, as staying healthy is fundamental to our success. Remember, a healthy mind resides in a healthy body. Together, let’s embrace this beneficial activity.
Let’s start today!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下而材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a single mother, I’ve never doubted my daughter Jane’s dream to be a singer on the stage. At an early age, she was crazy about singing. Whenever she had a chance, she would sing to her heart’s content. Her sweet and charming voice tended to get people around attracted to her songs.
Living in a small city, I took several odd jobs, determined to do everything in my power to support her. Soon after Jane attended school, her music teacher Mary noticed her talent by chance and volunteered to give her some guidance on how to sing. Jane practiced so hard that before long she made great progress in singing.
Unfortunately, one noon a year later, Jane was crossing the street when a careless driver knocked her down. She was rushed to hospital. When I hurried there, the doctor told me that my daughter would probably not stand on her own feet. I froze with shock, feeling as if I had been thrown into a dark world. Weak and dizzy, I was about to fall to the ground when someone took hold of me.
It was Mary, who got the news and raced here. She comforted me, saying firmly, “Grace, Jane needs you. You must stay calm and strong.” I nodded. Having calmed down, I entered the ward with Mary.
That night, Jane recovered her consciousness (知觉) and opened her eyes. Holding her hand, I said, “My dear, everything would be fine.” Mary comforted her gently, “I know you are a strong girl, Jane. Don’t worry. We’ll be standing by you.” I was heartbroken to see tears streaming down Jane’s cheeks.
After two months, we returned home from hospital. Her teachers and friends frequently visited her. Jane eventually accepted the fact that she would have to get around in a wheelchair. Never did she refer to the subject of singing again. I knew she was a nice and understanding girl, who was afraid that talking about her original dream would upset the two of us.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day, however, Mary came with good news.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When the host announced it was Jane’s turn, she was wheeled onto the stage.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 One day, however, Mary came with good news. She told Jane the school music festival was to be held the next month and that her classmates all expected her to sing on behalf of her class. Jane’s eyes sparkled but responded doubtfully, “Can I... ” Mary and I immediately assured her that she could make it. In the following month, with the help of Mary, Jane kept on practicing singing. Beautiful songs echoed in our house again and smiles began to appear on her face. Finally the big day came when she could present herself.
When the host announced it was Jane’s turn, she was wheeled onto the stage. Jane was greeted with warm applause. As she began to sing, the audience got absorbed in her beautiful voice. Seconds after her performance, all the audience rose with thunderous cheers. When wheeled off stage, Jane received praise and bunches of flowers from her teachers and classmates. Jane was moved to tears. The kindness and encouragement from her teachers and classmates stimulated Jane’s enthusiasm for life, making her regain confidence in pursuing her original dream, which I will support wholeheartedly.