专题02 Units 1~4 语法精讲【期中考点大通关】2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期（沪教牛津版）

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牛津版八年级上期中考点串讲
Units1-4
语法精讲
目
录
CONTENT
不定代词
Unit1
数词
Unit 2
形容词的比较级和最高级
Unit 3
good, bad 和far的比较级及最高级和as…as结构
Unit 4
Unit 1 Encyclopedias
1，不定代词: some & any
2，复合不定代词
【典例分析】
1.There is ________ with your car.
A nothing seriously wrong B.seriously wrong nothing
C．nothing wrong seriously D．wrong seriously nothing
【答案】A
【解析】形容词修饰不定代词，放在后面。
2.He asked me if there was _______to read.
A. easy enough something B. enough easy something
C．something easy enough D．something enough easy
【答案】C
【解析】形容词修饰不定代词，放在后面。Enough修饰形容词也放在形容词后面。
3.I really have something important_______.
A．do B．to doing C．to do D．does
【答案】C
【解析】复合不定代词与动词不定式连用，不定式必须后置。
4.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing
【答案】A
【解析】A．everything 每件事 强调整体。这里指整体，所以A符合。 B．anything 任何事 强调个体。 C．something有些事 D．nothing没有事。
5.—The exam was difficult, wasn’t it
—No, but I don’t think ______ could pass it.
A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D． everybody
【答案】D
【解析】everybody每一人。强调整体。Anybody 任何人，强调个体。
6.There is ____ wrong with your watch. Look! It works well.
A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything
【答案】B
【解析】从句意看因为表工作很好。故表没有问题。答案选B
数词
一、定义与分类
数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等；表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。数词用法相当于名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。
二、基数词
1. hundred（百）, thousand（千）, million（百万）, billion(十亿)
About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。
Unit 2 Numbers
There are in our school.
A. six hundred B. six hundred of (×) C. six hundreds (×)
D. six hundreds of (×) E. hundred (×) F. hundreds (×)
G. hundreds of (Tips: S, of 总相随，数字S冤家一队. )
2. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如：
He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。
This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。
one two three four five six seven eight nine
first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth
eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth
twenty thirty hundred thousand million
twentieth thirtieth hundredth thousandth millionth
三、序数词 ( hundred—hundredth thousand—thousandth million--millionth)
基数词表示几个，后接名词复数，而序数词表示第几个（即一个），后接可数名词的单数。
如：six friends(六个朋友) the sixth friend（第六个朋友）
序数词前通常要用定冠词，但表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常可省略其前的定冠词。
如：My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。
He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。
注：有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。
如：We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。
四、分数、倍数、小数和百分数
1. 分数。分数由基数词和序数词构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过“1”时，分母用复数。 如：
two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5
注：1/2 通常读作 a [one] half，一般不读作a second；1/4 可读作 a [one] fourth，也可读作 a [one] quarter。
2. 倍数。英语中表示倍数时通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之类的词。如：
They’re twice the size of chickens. 它们比鸡大一倍。
Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他们的房子大约有我们房子三倍大。
3. 百分数。百分数由基数词和百分号(%)组成，百分号(%)读作 percent。如：
thirty percent=30% 60 percent=60%
4、小数。 小数点前的数按总数念，同其它基数词读法一样，小数点用point，小数点后面的数按基数词一个一个单独念。如: 9.65读作nine point six five。218.39读作two hundred and eighteen point three nine。
五、表示日期
1949年1949读作nineteen forty-nine
6月23日June 23rd 读作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June
2006年10月October 2006 读作October, two thousand and six
1600年5月2日May 2nd, 2005 读作the second of May, sixteen hundred
六、表示钟点
半小时用half，一刻钟用a quarter，半小时以内用past，超过半小时用to。
08:00 eight o’clock或eight 09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine
02:30 two thirty或half past/after two 05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six
七、表示约数
1. 用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。如：
The boy bought dozens of pencils.那个男孩买了几十支铅笔。
Thousands of people died in the earthquake.数以千计的人死于地震。
2. 用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to等来表示小于或接近某数目。
如: nearly two hours将近两个小时。
3. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above等来表示超过或多于某个数目。
如: more than 100 years一百多年。
4. 用or, or so, about, around, some, more or less等表示在某一数目左右。
如: about 50 pens大约五十支钢笔，a month or so大约一个月。
5. 用to, from…to…, between…and表示介于两数词。如：
His salary rose from 100 dollars a month to 120 dollars a month.
他的工资从每月100美元升到了每月120美元。
一、用下列词的适当形式填空。
1.Even a child knows September is the month of a year.（nine）
2.We Chinese will celebrate the (ninety) birthday of the Chinese Communist Party (中国共产党)in many ways.
3.The (two)Sunday in May is Mother’s Day.
4.My family live on the （five）floor of the tall building.
5.My uncle lives on the （twelve）floor of the building.
6.I’ve bought a present for my father’s_________(forty)birthday.
7.Climb up to the (thirty-two) floor, and you can enjoy a better view.
8.I always brush my teeth (two) a day.
9.There are fifty students in our class, and two- (three) of them are girls.
10.Tom died in his (sixty）
ninth
ninetieth
second
fifth
twelfth
fortieth
thirty-second
twice
thirds
sixties
Unit 3 Computers
1、形容词比较级最高级
形容词常用结构
1，A>B 比较级+than
2，A=B as…as
3, A4, 比较级的修饰语有 than:
much, even, a little, a lot, + 比较级
5,比较级+and+比较级, 表示“越来越”
warmer and warmer, nicer and nicer, more and more beautiful,
The +比较级， the +比较级 表示“越来越” the more， the better.
6, 表示“最……之一”，用one of +最高级+复数名词；
基本句型训练：
1.他多么的开心啊！
________ _________ he is!
2.我觉得英语和语文一样重要。
In my point of view, English is ______ _______ _______ Chinese.
3. 我姐姐我细心得多。
My sister is __________ _________ __________ than me.
4. 他妈妈很高兴。看！她正开心地在房间唱歌。
His mother is very ________. Look! She _____ ______ ______ in the room.
5.这本书不及那本书有趣。
This book _______ _________ _________ ________ that one
6. 老师告诉我们一些有趣的事情
The teacher told us ________ ________.
How happy
as important as
much more careful
happy is singing happily
isn’t as/so interesting as
something interesting
7. 这石头太重 我帮不动
The stone is ____ ____ ____ ___ ____ carry.
8.这音乐听起来很美妙
The music ______ _______.
9. 那个公园变得越来越美丽。
The park is getting ____ ___ ____ ________.
10. 雨正变得越来越大。
The rain is becoming _____ _____ _____ .
11. 你吃的越多就越胖。
_____ _____ you eat, ____ ______you will be.
12.这本书比那本书难
The book is _____ _______ _______ that one
too heavy for me
sounds beautiful
more and more beautiful
heavier and heavier
The more the fatter
more difficult than
13.中山是中国最美丽的城市之一。
Zhongshan is one of ______ ________ _______ cities in China.
14 这本书比那本书更有得多趣。
This book is_________ _______ _________ __________that one.
15 今天比昨天冷。
It is today it was yesterday
the most beautiful
a lot more interesting than
colder than
Unit 4 Inventions
A. good, bad 和far的比较级及最高级
学习good，bad和far 的比较级及最高级。这三个单词的比较级及最高级是特殊变化形式，没有规律可循，需要记忆。请看下表：
原级 比较级 最高级
good better best
bad worse worst
far farther / further farthest / furthest
注意：farther 和further 都是far 的比较级，两者的区别如下：
farther 指距离或时间上“更远的（地）”
further 指距离或时间上“更远的（地）”，可与farther互换
指程度上“更进一步；更深远”
例如：Guangzhou is farther / further from Beijing than Shanghai is.
比起上海，广州离北京更远。
We are waiting for the further report about the weather.
我们正在等待进一步的天气报道。
He studied much further in this subject than any other student in his class.
在这个学科上，他学得比班上其他学生深入得多了。
B. (not) as ... as
1.as ... as 意为“和……一样”，表示同级的比较。
使用时要注意第一个as 为副词，第二个as 为连词。
其基本结构为as +形容词或副词原级+ as。
例如：This game is as interesting as that one. 这个游戏和那个一样有趣。
2.其否定式为not as / so +形容词或副词原级+as，意为“不如……”。
例如：This car is not as / so expensive as that one. 这辆轿车不如那辆贵。
3.若有修饰成分，如a quarter，half，twice，three times 等，则须置于第一个as 之前。
例如：Your bag is twice as expensive as mine. 你的包比我的贵一倍。
1.This is__________ (good) film I have ever seen.
2. I am as__________ (young) as her.
3.I will have a__________ (far) study of the plant this year.
4.I want__________ (much) rice. Tm still hungry now.
5.Who drank__________ (little) milk, Lily, Mary or Tom
6.The sootier you are, the________ (good) it will be.
7.My__________ (old) sister is three years __________ (old) than me.
8.He is__________ (bad) at Maths. He is much__________ (bad) at Chinese and his English is__________ (bad) of all the subjects.
9.Whose home is__________ (far) from the supermarket, Jack’s, Jim’s or Tim’s
10.He is not as__________ (tall) as his brother.

the best
young
further
more
the least
better
elder older
bad worse
the worst
The farthest
tall
用形容词适当形式填空