中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024-2025学年七年级上期期中考点大串讲（牛津版）
专题09阅读理解（说明文，议论文）
【真题演练】
Passage 1（2023-24·铁一教育集团期中）
Foxes with nine tails, animals with human faces and fish bodies, turtles with bird heads and snake tails...these magical animals are from Shan Hai Jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas). This old book played an important role in the world and inspired today’s works. Let’s learn more about it!
Shan Hai Jing took shape before the Qin Dynasty (221—206 BC). Like an encyclopedia, it writes about the world in the eyes of people at that time. The 30, 000-word book records about 40 states, 550 mountains, 300 rivers, more than 100 people in history and 400 interesting animals.
Shan Hai Jing had a deep influence on the culture of mythology (神话学) in the world. It was taken to Japan during the Sui (581—618) and Tang (618—907), or much earlier. In Japan, it was popular. People there once saw it as a guidebook for traveling in China. The book’s monsters were also popular.
Shan Hai Jing has inspired many works. Liu Siliang is a teacher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He said the book inspired the writing of Journey to the West and Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio. Pop culture works also borrow ideas from the book. Some of animals in the book even go into movies, such as Zouwu, the star monster in Shan Hai Jing. It has a tiger-body with stripes of five colors. Its tail is longer than its body. It can travel 1, 600 kilometers in a day. We can see it in the popular movie Fantastic Beasts II in 2021.
38. Why did the writer talk about the strange animals in Paragraph 1
A. To answer some questions. B. To give some examples.
C. To interest the readers. D. To make a conclusion.
39. The underlined word “inspired” in Paragraph 1 has similar meaning to the underlined word in ________.
A. We need someone to inspire the team.
B. He inspired many young people to take up basketball.
C. His driving hardly inspires confidence (信心).
D. His book was inspired by the story of a little girl.
40. Which of the following can you find in Shan Hai Jing
①states ②mountains ③rivers ④plants ⑤monsters
A. ①②③④ B. ①②③⑤ C. ②③④⑤ D. ①③④⑤.
41. What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A. Many works borrow ideas from Shan Hai Jing.
B. Shan Hai Jing includes many special monsters.
C. Some monsters in the book go into movies.
D. Shan Hai Jing inspires Pop culture works.
Passage 2（2023-24·深圳育才教育集团期中）
Emergency (紧急情况) Numbers in Different Countries
Emergencies always happen every day in every country. What will you do if you meet with an emergency If you don’t know what to do, just remember some emergency numbers. When an emergency happens, stay calm (冷静的), take out your mobile phone, and call the emergency number you need. Different countries have different emergency numbers.
The USA
In the USA, remember to call 911 when you are in an emergency. The number 911 connects callers to emergency services (服务). It can tell the place of the caller’s mobile phone.
The UK
In the UK, people call the number 999 when they are in an emergency. Each call centre has interpretation (翻译) services with 170 languages.
South Korea
The emergency number 112 is only for police in the country. Most of the telephone operators (接线员) speak Korean. But there are some operators who speak English, Chinese or Russian. They can offer better service for foreigners.
China
In China, 110 is a 24-hour emergency number. Each telephone operator answers 800 to 1, 000 emergency calls every day. Operators should work on an emergency call in 57 seconds. The police need to get to the scene (现场) in five minutes in cities. In the area which is far away from the town or city, it is 10 minutes.
16. If you are in London, which number can you call when you are in an emergency
A. 999. B. 911. C. 112. D. 110.
17. In South Korea, the telephone operators can speak some languages EXCEPT ________.
A. Chinese B. English C. German D. Russian
18. In China, how soon should the police get to the scene in the city
A. In 5 minutes. B. In 10 minutes. C. In 15 minutes. D. In 20 minutes.
19. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Four countries’ emergency numbers are mentioned in the passage.
B. The number 911 can’t tell the position of the caller’s mobile phone.
C. In Britain, call centres have interpretation services with 100 languages.
D. In China, operators should work on an emergency call in 30 seconds.
20. What can you do if you meet with an emergency and don’t know what to do
A. Stay calm and just take a deep breath. B. Remember to call the emergency number you need.
C. Call the number 119 at once. D. Call your friends for help at once.
Passage 3（2023-24·真光中学期中）
Mobile phone is a great invention. It makes our lives more convenient. Now most people have a mobile phone. Do you have a mobile phone Do you send text messages to your friends and family with your mobile phone
Text messaging or “texting” is becoming very popular. But, scientists have discovered that texting can give us problems with our hands. Be careful! Too much texting can cause swelling (肿胀) in our thumbs (拇指) and wrists (手腕). Our thumbs are not made for pushing small buttons, over and over. Scientists call this problem RSI.
We spoke to a doctor called Harriet Wilson, who treats (治疗) many patients with RSI. She said we needed to see how much time we were spending in typing text messages. If we are spending more than 10—15 minutes once, we could have problems in the future.
We also talked with Dr Harjeet Deepa who treats RSI patients. He told us that the youngest patient she had treated was a five-year-old girl. She wasn’t doing well at school, so her parents took her for treatment. It was found that she had such bad RSI in her hands, she couldn’t hold a pencil.
As mobile phones develop, they are getting smaller with buttons closer together. Texting with a smaller phone is worse than using a larger phone with bigger buttons. Using a computer keyboard and playing video games can also cause the same problem. So, more and more people could find themselves with RSI.
Many university students and teenagers have RSI, as they do not know the danger of spending so much time using computers, video games and mobile phones. If we don’t do something about this. too many young people could grow up in terrible pain.
41. Who were interviewed about the problem RSI in this passage ________.
A. Three scientists
B. The writer and a little girl
C. Four doctors
D. Harriet Wilson and Harjeet Deepa
42. What does the underlined part “once” mean in the third paragraph ________
A. right away B. finally C. at one time D. at least
43. Why couldn’t the five-year-old little girl hold a pencil ________
A. Because she didn’t go to school.
B. Because she suffered a lot from RSI.
C. Because she had no thumbs at all.
D. Because she was too young.
44. You can probably read this passage in a ________.
A. science book B. story book C. travel guide D. diary
45. What can we know from the passage ________
A. It is worse to spend less time typing the text messages.
B. University students who have RSI know it’s dangerous to do too much texting.
C. Using the computer keyboard will never cause the problem RSI.
D. It is better to use a large phone with bigger buttons when we have to type.
Passage 4（2023-24·深圳高级中学期中）
What’s the largest animal in the world Where is Denmark Who made the first pizza
To answer these questions, you may need an encyclopedia. An encyclopedia is a book with facts on topics in every field of knowledge. Which one should you choose Encyclopedia Britannica is a good choice.
It is the oldest and largest English-language encyclopedia in the world. It was first published in the 18th century in Scotland. Many people think it is the best encyclopedia.
From the 18th century to the early 20th century, articles in Encyclopedia Britannica were long and hard to understand. It soon became the favorite encyclopedia of scholars. But later, more and more common people began to use Encyclopedia Britannica, because the articles became shorter and easier to read.
Today people still think articles in Encyclopedia Britannica are reliable (可靠的) and well-written. In 2004, it had about 120,000 articles, with 44 million words.
To buy the Encyclopedia Britannica, you have to spend around 1,400 dollars (about 11,200 yuan). It also has a CD-ROM version which costs about 50 dollars.
In 1994 Encyclopedia Britannica was first put online. You can read short introductions of articles for free from the website. But for the full text, you have to pay about 12 dollars a month or 70 dollars a year.
11. Which of the answers to the questions may be found in Encyclopedia Britannica
A. What is the largest animal in the world B. Who made the first pizza
C. Where is Denmark D. All of the above.
12. Why did common people dislike to use Encyclopedia Britannica at first
A. Because it was too expensive.
B. Because they didn’t have computers.
C. Because the articles in it were not easy to understand.
D. Because they didn’t have any questions.
13. How much do you pay if you want to buy an Encyclopedia Britannica and its CD-ROM version
A. About $1,400. B. About $1,450 C. About $11,200 D. About $70.
14. How long is the Encyclopedia Britannica online now
A. For 29 years. B. For 12 years. C. For one century. D. For 18 years.
15. What is the best title for the passage
A. Encyclopedia Britannica. B. How to Find Answers in an Encyclopedia.
C. Useful Websites in Our Daily Lives. D. The Power of Knowledge.
Passage 5（2023-24·深圳高级中学期中）
Imagine that the battery on your mobile phone has run out. You can’t make any calls for help and no one can contact you. You are all alone, and well, not quite. Just reach into your pocket and take out a piece of sugar. Put it into the battery, wait a minute and you are back on the phone.
Thanks to a couple of American scientists, this situation could become real. Swadesh Chaudhuri and Derek Lovely have invented the “bacteria (细菌) battery”. This kind of battery gets its power from bacteria that eats sugar and turns it into electricity.
“This is a special organism (有机体),” Lovely said. “You can get enough electricity to power a cell phone battery for about four days from a spoonful of sugar.”
In the past, bacteria batteries have been expensive and not long-lasting. But this battery uses a more efficient bacterium that can turn 80 percent of sugar into electrical energy. This is 30 percent more than similar batteries can manage.
The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable (稳定的), because sugar can be taken from waste and crops.
But the sugar-to-electricity process is not satisfactory as it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment.
The scientists understand there is a lot more work to be done. “It is still young.” said Lovely.
“Where we are now is where solar power was 20 or 30 years ago.”
He also believes the battery will be used in scientific equipment at the bottom of the ocean. Ocher ideas include using sugar in the blood to run medical devices in the human body and taking sugar from animal waste to provide energy to power homes in rural (乡村的) areas.
21. What’s the passage mainly about
A. An effective way to repair the mobile phone. B. A scientific invention of a new type of battery.
C. A clean energy to reduce the carbon dioxide. D. A new kind of mobile phone and its future.
22. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the newly-developed battery
A. Convenient. B. Stable C. Inexpensive. D. Quick
23. Which of the following are the scientists working on to improve the new battery
A. Increase the bacteria. B. Solve the pollution problem.
C. Bring down the price. D. Change the size of the battery.
24. What does the underlined sentence actually mean
A. The bacteria battery shares some similarities with solar energy.
B. Scientists will continue their work until they find solar power.
C. There is still much room for the improvement of the bacteria battery.
D. The bacteria battery will be as popular as solar power in twenty or thirty years.
25. According to the last paragraph, who will find the bacteria battery less useful
A. Divers. B. Farmers. C. Doctors. D. Architects.
Passage 6（2023-24·华师附中期中）
So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species（物种）, but that is just a small number of what probably lives on Earth. With so many plants, animals, and other living things on the planet, it can be difficult to find out what kind of grass is growing by the roadside or what kind of birds just flew by.
A soon-to-be-started website might help. Some scientists set up a web-based Encyclopaedia of Life (EOL). It wants to name every species on Earth and be a good guide for people. To get the encyclopaedia started, the scientists will use information in the scientific databases（数据库）. And finally, non-scientists with specialized（专业的）knowledge will come to help in the site. Bird-watchers, for example, will be able to input what birds they see and where they live. To make sure the encyclopaedia is right, scientists will check much of the information added to it.
As the EOL develops, you might find it is useful for schools. The site will make some special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems（生态系统）in their neighborhoods. And the EOL is also helpful for you to choose whatever information you like.
It takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to analyze species now. The scientists of the Encyclopaedia of Life hope the EOL will speed up that process.
33. What does the web-based EOL aim to do
A. To save all the plants. B. To work out the number of birds.
C. To find out what covers the Earth. D. To name all the living things on Earth.
34. What is one of the characteristics（特点）of the EOL
A. It is set up by school students.
B. It has been open to the public.
C. It is about different types of grass and birds.
D. It produces different kinds of information about species.
35. What does the underlined part “that process” refer to
A. Collecting data. B. Studying ecosystems.
C. Creating a new way. D. Describing and analyzing species.
36. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. There are 1.8 million living species on earth.
B. There are no non-scientists helping in the site.
C. EOL is not useful for you to choose information.
D. As the EOL develops, students might find it’s useful for them.
Passage 7（2023-24·深圳龙岗区联考期中）
When a computer runs a group of programs, it can get very hot. Cooling the computer can cost a lot, so some scientists want to know one thing: What would happen if they use the heat(热量) from the computer
Large Internet companies such as Google and Microsoft have thousands of computers. As people use these computers to look through information, they produce lots of heat, so they need huge cooling systems(系统).
These systems send the heat into the air. A Company in Holland(荷兰) thought paying to make the computers work and then paying again to cool them were a waste of energy. So the company developed a special machine—the e-Radiator. Boaz Leupe, head of the company, says that the eRadiator works as a heating system and saves money. He says that the energy is used twice—once to heat the home and once to cool the computer. He also says that users don’t have to pay to cool their computers. Five homeowners(房主) in Holland are testing the heating system in their homes. “We pay for using the computer, so, in that way, homeowners get heat for free,” Boaz says. Jan Visser is one of the homeowners. “If you use the computer more, the e-Radiator produces more heat,” he says. “It cannot provide enough heat if you don’t use your computer often.” But he is ready to try it. It’s a great help for his family.
The company says e-Radiators produce heat of up to 55°C. It says the system could save its users about $440 a year. That’s really wonderful, right
21. Why did the writer write the first paragraph
A. To give his opinions on computers.
B. To introduce a special computer to readers.
C. To make readers interested in this passage.
D. To tell us how to buy a good computer.
22. What does the underlined word “they” refer to
A. Computers. B. Cooling systems.
C. Google and Microsoft. D. All Internet companies.
23. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A. Many people think the e-Radiator is really helpful in cooling computers.
B. A company in Holland invented the e-Radiator to deal with the heat from computer.
C. Many companies are using the e-Radiator today.
D. Scientist are trying their best to use the heat from computers.
24. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A. Google and Microsoft have thousands of computers.
B. If you use the computer more, the e-Radiator produces more heat.
C. The energy from the e-Radiator is used twice.
D. Boaz Leupe is a homeowner in America.
25. What is the best title of the passage
A. An Environment Problem. B. A New Way to Heat Homes.
C. The Future Computers. D. The Energy to be wasted.
Passage 8（2023-24·广州培英期中）
Searching for parking spaces has long been a headache for many office workers in many big cities of China. Parking near their companies for five days a week could cost them a lot of money. At the same time, most of parking lots (停车场) in residential areas (居民区) idle during work days. Now a new form of sharing has appeared in China—the shared parking space.
It has become a huge market in some big cities. In Qingdao, a coastal city in Shandong, up to 10, an online shared parking platform developed by a network company from Guangzhou. Through the special app, users can either share or order a parking place. Owners who have developed parking spaces can share some information, including the parking position (限制), users can easily find the nearest place to park. The parking cost for shared parking is 4 yuan each hour.
Qingdao is one of the Chinese cities that encourage shared parking. Some other big cites, including Beijing, Shanghai and Hefei, has set up more than 6,500 shared parking spaces to encourage the public to use. Shared parking will be more and more helpful to the drivers.
33. In the first paragraph, the writer points out that ________.
A. we should set up more parking spaces in big cities
B. prices of parking spaces are rising quickly in China
C. it’s difficult to find parking space in big cities
D. many people want to find parking spaces in residential areas during workdays
34. If you want to use shared parking in Qingdao, you should ________.
A. use a special app B. love the city
C. pay more D. share your personal information
35. The following sentences are true EXCEPT ________
A. There are four big cities encouraging the shared parking lot.
B. Up to 10 is an application of shared parking developed in Shenzhen.
C. The parking cost for shared parking is less expensive.
D. Shared parking has good for drivers.
36. The purpose of the passage is to tell us that ________.
A. it’s hard to find parking spaces in residential areas during workdays
B. Qingdao has fewer shared parking spaces than Shanghai
C. shared parking will probably become more and more popular
D. shared parking is more expensive than traditional parking service
Passage 9（2023-24·深圳实验学校初中部期中）
As everyone knows, the Encyclopaedia Britannica is the oldest English—language encyclopaedia. Actually, more than 300 years before it, a Chinese encyclopaedia called the Yongle Dadian or the Yongle Encyclopaedia had already been there.
In 1403, the Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty asked Xie Jin to complete a collection of every subject and every known book of Chinese. One year later, Xie, finished the first version of the encyclopaedia named A Complete Work of Literature.
However, the emperor wasn’t happy with it because it was completed so quickly and he thought the content wasn’t enough. In 1405, he asked Yao Guangxiao to compile (编纂), 196. Two years later, they completed the work and won praise from the emperor who named the encyclopaedia after his reign name. Then it took the team another year to write the final version. The Yongle Encyclopaedia was finally completed in 1408.
The Yongle Encyclopaedia contained 22, 973 scrolls in 11, 095 volumes, such as history, geography, art and science. It is the largest encyclopaedia ever compiled in the world. However, over the years many volumes have been lost. Today 221 volumes of the Yongle Encyclopaedia are safely kept in the National Library of China in Beijing.
31. What do we know about the Yongle Encyclopedia ________
A. It appeared earlier than the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
B. It is as famous as the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
C. About 200 people worked on it together.
D. It was completed in 1403 in the—end.
32. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about ________
A. The collection of Xie Jin.
B. The oldest book in Chinese history.
C. The Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty,
D. The first version of the Yongle Encyclopaedia.
33. Why wasn’t the emperor happy with the first version ________
A. Because he thought it didn’t include enough things.
B. Because there were a lot of mistakes in it.
C. Because it was finished too slowly.
D. Because nobody wanted to read it.
34. What can we learn from the last paragraph ________
A. The subjects of the Yongle Encyclopaedia cover all sides of people’s lives.
B. We can find some volumes of the Yongle Encyclopaedia in the National Library of China.
C. Most volumes of the Yongle Encyclpaedia are safely kept in Beijing.
D. The Yongle Encyclopaedia had 22, 973 volumes.
35. What is the purpose of the passage ________
A. To tell us the history of the encyclopaedia.
B. To encourage us to read more encyclopaedias.
C. To introduce the Yongle Encyclopaedia to us.
D. To show us how to use the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
Passage 10（2023-24·深圳实验学校初中部期中）
When Claire Vlases of Montana was in Grade 7, she learned about plans to modernize (使现代化) her middle school. Claire asked the school board (董事会) to add solar panels (太阳电池板) to the project because, she believed, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school.
The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $25, 000. It was only one-fifth of the cost of the solar panels. So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups to try to get the rest. They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations (捐赠), even going door-to-door for them. One donated more than half the cost! After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving thousands of dollars for the neighborhood.
“My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community (社群),” Claire said. “There are always going to be hard parts. But never forget why you set off. Make a determined effort to stick to your goal. When there’s a challenge in front of you, you can learn from it and use it as chance to improve yourself.”
41. How much money did the solar panels cost ________
A. $25, 000. B. $100, 000. C. $125, 000. D. $5, 000.
42. Which picture shows the change of the electricity cost after the use of solar panels ________
A. B.
C. D.
43. Which is the right order of the following events ________
a. Claire organized a group of people to get the rest of the money.
b. The board agreed but there was not enough money for adding solar panels.
c. Claire and her group paid for the solar panels.
d. Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to help the school save energy.
A. a—b—c—d B. d—c—b—a C. b—d—a—c D. d—b—a—c
44. From Claire’s words in the last paragraph, we learn that ________
A. Hard work was her favorite.
B. The project went smoothly.
C. A small thing makes a big difference.
D. Solar panels cost a big deal.
45. What would be the best title for the text ________
A. A Dependent Girl B. A Modern School
C. Don’t Waste Energy D. Never Give Up
Passage 11（2023-24·广州第二中学期中）
Scientists say they recently invented the world’s tiniest remote-controlled robots. The robots are small enough to sit on the side of a coin. They don’t have any power of their own, and they can be controlled from a distance by using lasers (激光器). The scientists say one day robots like these may be able to work in areas too small for tools. The robots don’t move very quickly. But because of their tiny size, they’re also not too slow. It takes the robots about 20 seconds to cover 1 centimeter.
Right now the robots aren’t all that useful. All they can do is to move, and they need to be in a place where lasers can shine on them to do that. But the scientists say these robots are an important step toward inventing more helpful tiny robots.
The researchers say that one day tiny robots like these might be able to work in very small spaces. It’s possible that they could build very tiny machines, or perhaps even travel inside the human body to help do with medical problems.
Using similar building methods, the scientists made a number of different robots, including ones that looked like small insects. John Rodgers, says that their methods allow them to “build walking robots with almost any sizes or 3-D shapes.”
46. The world’s tiniest remote-controlled robots move by ________.
A. lasers B. solar power C. its own energy D. electricity
47. How far can the tiniest remote-controlled robots walk in a minute
A. 1 centimeter. B. 2 centimeters. C. 3 centimeters. D. 4 centimeters.
48. The tiniest remote-controlled robots ________.
A. are able to work in very small areas now
B. can only move now
C. are very useful now
D. move very slowly
49. According to the passage, which of the following may be possible in the future
A. Scientists build tiny machines to travel inside the human body to help doctors.
B. Scientists use tiny robots to make insects.
C. Scientists use tiny robots to build walking robots of different sizes.
D. People don’t need to use bigger robots.
50. What is the best title for this passage
A. Scientists’ New Inventions B. The Future of Robot
C. How To Use the Tiniest Robot D. The Tiniest Robot
Passage 12（2023-24·广州第七中学期中）
Electric vehicles are nothing new. They have been around for more than a hundred years. But they have really been liked by a lot of people over the last ten years. More than three million all-electric cars, trucks and vans are now on the road worldwide.
Helping the Environment
Most cars run on petrol. They burn petrol or other fossil fuels (燃料) in their engines, and send a lot of greenhouse gases into the air. Electric vehicles don’t burn petrol. Strong batteries run their electric engines. So electric vehicles don’t directly produce greenhouse gases.
Poop (粪) Power
Electric vehicles are better for the environment. But they are not perfect. Their batteries often use electricity that was made by burning fossil fuels. But an electric vehicle uses less energy than a vehicle that runs on petrol. Also, some of the electricity comes from “greener” sources, such as solar and wind power. And some may soon come from a new source—cow poop! An electric car company has worked together with a large dairy farm. They plan to make electricity by using greenhouse gases from cow poop.
Always Improving
One of the problems for electric vehicles is their limited range. This is how far they can travel before their batteries need another charge (充电). But now their range is improving. Some new electric vehicles can travel almost three times as far as older ones did. Another problem is finding a place to recharge the batteries. But there are more charging stations than before. China now has thousands more charging stations than it did ten years ago. In Sweden, engineers have even designed a road that will charge electric vehicles as they drive along.
31. Which of the following best describes electric vehicles according to Paragraph 1
A. Useless. B. Popular. C. Cheap. D. Perfect.
32. How does the company which works with a dairy farm plan to make electricity
A. By burning petrol. B. By burning fossil fuels.
C. By using solar power. D. By using cow poop.
33. What is TRUE about the electric vehicles
A. They can be charged when driving under the sun.
B. They don’t produce any greenhouse gases.
C. They use less energy than petrol-powered cars.
D. They can travel farther than petrol-powered cars.
34. What is the passage mainly about
A. The introduction of electric vehicles.
B. The reasons for buying electric vehicles.
C. The ways to produce more electric vehicles.
D. The development of electric vehicles.
Passage 13（2023-24·广州中学期中）
Do you have a lucky number What is it Many people have a special number that they hope will bring them good luck.
In Chinese culture, some numbers are believed to be lucky or unlucky based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to.
For example, the word for the number 8 sounds similar to the word for “making a fortune (发财)”. So, people consider it a very lucky number. Some people will even spend a lot of money to have 8s in their phone number or on their vehicle license plate (车牌照) number. The opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics began at 8:08 p.m. on Aug. 8, 2008.
The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its connection to the emperors of China. There were nine dragons on emperors’ robes (龙袍) and Chinese myth held that the dragon had nine children. The number 9 also stands for “long lasting”. That’s why a man always proposes (求婚) to a woman with 99 or 999 roses.
So what’s an unlucky number in China One example is 4. Many Chinese people see 4 as an unlucky number because it sounds similar to the character for “death”.
Because of this, many buildings skip (跳过) the fourth floor, and simply call it the fifth floor. In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24, 34 and all 40-49 floors. Some buildings also skip the 13th floor, as this is considered an unlucky number in some areas in Hong Kong. As a result, a building whose highest floor is 50 may have only 35 physical floors.
33. What makes Chinese people believe a number is lucky or unlucky
A. The shape of the number. B. The sound of the number. C. The history of the number. D. The spelling of the number.
34. According to the passage, the meaning of number 9 in Chinese culture is _________.
A. fortunate B. ordinary C. everlasting D. simple
35. A building whose highest floor is 60 in Hong Kong might only have ________ physical floors if it skips all the unlucky numbers.
A. 35 B. 60 C. 45 D. 44
36. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Numbers and old stories in China.
B. Different meanings of numbers in different countries.
C. Ways to find your lucky and unlucky numbers.
D. Lucky and unlucky numbers in Chinese culture.
Passage 14（2023-24·广州中学期中）
Scientists have developed a way to read minds, translating unspoken thoughts into written words. It’s the first time it’s been done without having to put anything into the brain. They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer system that is able to “think” for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence.
Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器). The machine can see where blood runs, which shows the parts of the brain that are most active. People taking part in the experiment (实验) listened to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned. The AI tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard. After that, each person was asked to think of a story, and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened.
The results had about a 50% accuracy rate (准确率), although the AI found it hard to work out the meaning of pronouns, such as he or she, her or him. For example, it turned “I don’t have my driver’s license (驾驶执照) yet” into “She has not even started to learn to drive yet.” It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words. The AI was personalized, so when it had learnt from one person but it was tested on another, it couldn’t understand their thoughts.
The scientists, who have been working on the technology for 15 years, say they understand the risks of it being used badly. Scientist Jerry Tang told a newspaper, “We want to make sure people only use these types of technologies when they want to, and that it helps them.” The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak, to communicate once again.
37. What does the underlined word “It” refer to
A. A way. B. Anything. C. The brain. D. AI.
38. What is the main purpose (目的) of paragraph 2
A. To describe the process of the experiment.
B. To explain the results of the experiment.
C. To offer some opinions about the experiment.
D. To list the difficulties with the experiment.
39. What does the example in paragraph 3 show
A. The AI is much cleverer than people.
B. The AI didn’t start the work as it was ordered.
C. The AI couldn’t understand the exact words of what people thought.
D. The AI will be well developed according to people’s special needs.
40. What can be the best title for the text
A. High Risks of Using AI B. Mind-Reading Development
C. Importance of Human Brain D. Ways of Improving Technology
Passage 15（2023-24·广州第三中学期中）
Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools have become extremely powerful, surprising even their creators. Now, some people say there should be a pause in AI work to make sure it doesn’t become dangerous, not everyone agrees.
Most people have probably read a book or seen a movie or show about an AI or robot that has become so smart that it can take over the world. The AI in stories like these is known as an AGI or Artificial General Intelligence. A true AGI would be intelligent in many different areas and would be able to learn on its own.
Now, there are no AGIs. Most experts believe it will be many years before an AGI could possibly be created. Most current Al tools are good at just one task, like answering questions, or identifying objects in photos. But scientists have worked to improve AI models, mainly by training the models on larger and larger collections of information. Those efforts are paving off. Extremely large models have surprised even their creators with what they can do.
The AI tools that’s got the most attention recently is ChatGPT, created by the company Open AI. ChatGPT is a Large Language Model (LLM). ChatGPT allows users to “chat” with a powerful LLM. When asked a question, ChatGPT answers quickly in perfect sentences. It makes up stories and games, writes essays, programs computers, and much more. ChatGPT appears to be extremely intelligent. But really, ChatGPT is simply guessing-based on its training information-which word is most likely to come next, over and over again.
Last month, OpenAI announced a more powerful model, called GPT-4. GPT-4 can create and explain jokes, and pass tests that are difficult for humans. GPT-4 was also trained on images, and can use them in powerful ways. For example, it can create a working website from a description and a rough drawing of the site.
The rapid progress of recent AI models worries some people. Last week, many computer experts released a letter calling for a six-month pause for any work on AI tools stronger than GPT4. Not all AI experts agreed with the letter. ChatGPT has caused so much excitement that many companies are likely to keep developing powerful AI tools. But the letter has sent a strong warning that many people-including leaders-will be thinking about carefully.
54. What’s the best title of the passage
A. Are AGIs becoming too intelligent B. Are AI tools becoming too powerful
C. Is ChatGPT causing too much excitement D. Is GPT-4 getting too much attention
55. Which of the following sentences about “AGIs” is True
A. They have brought people many real problems. B. They are too smart to take over the world.
C. They are intelligent only in the computer world. D. They would be able to learn on their own.
56. Which of the following phrases “pay off” has the same meaning as the underlined one in Paragraph 3
A. We all know that the extra time spent studying now will pay off in the future.
B. Since he couldn’t pay off his credit cards, he left university and began working for a restaurant.
C. It’s impossible to pay off the police to let you go in our country.
D. It took the couple 30 years to pay off the money spent on their house.
57. Which of the following things can GPT-4 do but ChatGPT can’t
A. It can answer a question quickly in perfect sentences.
B. It can program computers as well as write essays.
C. It can create a website from a picture of the site.
D. It can make up stories and games.
Passage 16（2023-24·花都期中）
As a way of passing on knowledge, ideas and creativity, books have played an important part in human civilization (文明) .
In ancient times, there were no books, and people passed on their knowledge by telling stories. The earliest forms of the book were made in Egypt around 3,000 BC． These early scrolls (卷轴), made from animal skins, were used to record stories, laws and history. Later, people learned how to write and make paper. They wrote each word by hand. It took a long time to write just one book, making them rare and expensive.
In the 15th century, the invention of the printing press appeared and changed the book-making business and even the world. This made it possible to print books quickly. Even common people could buy and read books.
In the 20th century, computers and the Internet changed the world again. A new kind of book appeared: the electronic book (e-book). E-books have opened up a new world for books. They are quickly changing people’s reading habits. It is easier for people to buy and sell books online and carry the whole library in their pockets. Therefore, information travels faster and farther.
In a word, the history of the book shows the development of human civilization. From ancient scrolls to e-books, the book has changed to meet the needs of humans. In the future, it is possible that books will continue to change. Now, people have many ways to read books. But, more importantly, people should keep on reading!
28．Before books appeared, how did people pass on their knowledge
A．By dancing. B．By singing.
C．Through storytelling. D．Through scrolls.
29．Why were books expensive in the early days of paper invention
A．Because books were made from expensive animal skins.
B．Because writing one book by hand needed a lot of time.
C．Because the paper was expensive at the beginning.
D．Because people were busy inventing the printing press.
30．What change have e-books brought to humans according to the passage
A．People can read books conveniently anytime for their small sizes.
B．E-books have made it difficult to buy and sell paper books online.
C．People’s reading habits have become faster but less enjoyable.
D．E-books cannot provide the same reading experience as paper books.
31．What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．Books show the development of human civilization.
B．People will have many different ways to read books.
C．Books will continue to change to meet the needs of humans.
D．People should keep reading even if books keep changing.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024-2025学年七年级上期期中考点大串讲（牛津版）
专题09阅读理解（说明文，议论文）
【真题演练】
Passage 1（2023-24·铁一教育集团期中）
Foxes with nine tails, animals with human faces and fish bodies, turtles with bird heads and snake tails...these magical animals are from Shan Hai Jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas). This old book played an important role in the world and inspired today’s works. Let’s learn more about it!
Shan Hai Jing took shape before the Qin Dynasty (221—206 BC). Like an encyclopedia, it writes about the world in the eyes of people at that time. The 30, 000-word book records about 40 states, 550 mountains, 300 rivers, more than 100 people in history and 400 interesting animals.
Shan Hai Jing had a deep influence on the culture of mythology (神话学) in the world. It was taken to Japan during the Sui (581—618) and Tang (618—907), or much earlier. In Japan, it was popular. People there once saw it as a guidebook for traveling in China. The book’s monsters were also popular.
Shan Hai Jing has inspired many works. Liu Siliang is a teacher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He said the book inspired the writing of Journey to the West and Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio. Pop culture works also borrow ideas from the book. Some of animals in the book even go into movies, such as Zouwu, the star monster in Shan Hai Jing. It has a tiger-body with stripes of five colors. Its tail is longer than its body. It can travel 1, 600 kilometers in a day. We can see it in the popular movie Fantastic Beasts II in 2021.
38. Why did the writer talk about the strange animals in Paragraph 1
A. To answer some questions. B. To give some examples.
C. To interest the readers. D. To make a conclusion.
39. The underlined word “inspired” in Paragraph 1 has similar meaning to the underlined word in ________.
A. We need someone to inspire the team.
B. He inspired many young people to take up basketball.
C. His driving hardly inspires confidence (信心).
D. His book was inspired by the story of a little girl.
40. Which of the following can you find in Shan Hai Jing
①states ②mountains ③rivers ④plants ⑤monsters
A. ①②③④ B. ①②③⑤ C. ②③④⑤ D. ①③④⑤.
41. What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A. Many works borrow ideas from Shan Hai Jing.
B. Shan Hai Jing includes many special monsters.
C. Some monsters in the book go into movies.
D. Shan Hai Jing inspires Pop culture works.
【答案】38. C 39. D 40. B 41. D
【解析】本文主要是讲述了中国的《山海经》启发了世界的许多作品。
38. 推理判断题。由第一段句子“Foxes with nine tails, animals with human faces and fish bodies, turtles with bird heads and snake tails...these magical animals are from Shan Hai Jing (The Classic of Mountains and Seas)”可知，作者提到这些奇怪的动物是为了吸引读者，故选C。
39. 词句猜测题。根据“This old book played an important role in the world and inspired today’s works.”可知这本书在世界上发挥了重要作用，并启发了今天的作品，故此处划线部分意为“启发”，和选项D“他的书是被一个小女孩的故事所启发的”中的inspire意义相近。故选D。
40. 细节理解题。由第二段句子“The 30, 000-word book records about 40 states, 550 mountains, 300 rivers, more than 100 people in history and 400 interesting animals.”可知《山海经》提到了国家、山、河、人以及动物，故选B。
41. 主旨大意题。根据“Shan Hai Jing has inspired many works...”可知本段主要介绍了《山海经》启发了很多作品。故选D。
Passage 2（2023-24·深圳育才教育集团期中）
Emergency (紧急情况) Numbers in Different Countries
Emergencies always happen every day in every country. What will you do if you meet with an emergency If you don’t know what to do, just remember some emergency numbers. When an emergency happens, stay calm (冷静的), take out your mobile phone, and call the emergency number you need. Different countries have different emergency numbers.
The USA
In the USA, remember to call 911 when you are in an emergency. The number 911 connects callers to emergency services (服务). It can tell the place of the caller’s mobile phone.
The UK
In the UK, people call the number 999 when they are in an emergency. Each call centre has interpretation (翻译) services with 170 languages.
South Korea
The emergency number 112 is only for police in the country. Most of the telephone operators (接线员) speak Korean. But there are some operators who speak English, Chinese or Russian. They can offer better service for foreigners.
China
In China, 110 is a 24-hour emergency number. Each telephone operator answers 800 to 1, 000 emergency calls every day. Operators should work on an emergency call in 57 seconds. The police need to get to the scene (现场) in five minutes in cities. In the area which is far away from the town or city, it is 10 minutes.
16. If you are in London, which number can you call when you are in an emergency
A. 999. B. 911. C. 112. D. 110.
17. In South Korea, the telephone operators can speak some languages EXCEPT ________.
A. Chinese B. English C. German D. Russian
18. In China, how soon should the police get to the scene in the city
A. In 5 minutes. B. In 10 minutes. C. In 15 minutes. D. In 20 minutes.
19. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Four countries’ emergency numbers are mentioned in the passage.
B. The number 911 can’t tell the position of the caller’s mobile phone.
C. In Britain, call centres have interpretation services with 100 languages.
D. In China, operators should work on an emergency call in 30 seconds.
20. What can you do if you meet with an emergency and don’t know what to do
A. Stay calm and just take a deep breath. B. Remember to call the emergency number you need.
C. Call the number 119 at once. D. Call your friends for help at once.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B
【解析】本文介绍了不同国家的紧急情况对应的求助电话。
16. 细节理解题。根据“In the UK, people call the number 999 when they are in an emergency.”可知在英国伦敦遇到紧急情况需要拨打999，故选A。
17. 细节理解题。根据“Most of the telephone operators (接线员) speak Korean. But there are some operators who speak English, Chinese or Russian.”可知可以说韩文，英语，中文或俄文，因此没有德语，故选C。
18. 细节理解题。根据“The police need to get to the scene (现场) in five minutes in cities.”可知是5分钟之内，故选A。
19. 推理判断题。根据“In the USA, remember to call 911 when you are in an emergency.”、“In the UK, people call the number 999 when they are in an emergency.”、“The emergency number 112 is only for police in the country.”以及“In China, 110 is a 24-hour emergency number.”可知文章中提到了四个国家的紧急电话号码。故选A。
20. 细节理解题。根据“If you don’t know what to do, just remember some emergency numbers. When an emergency happens, stay calm (冷静的), take out your mobile phone, and call the emergency number you need.”可知记得拨打你需要的紧急电话号码。故选B。
Passage 3（2023-24·真光中学期中）
Mobile phone is a great invention. It makes our lives more convenient. Now most people have a mobile phone. Do you have a mobile phone Do you send text messages to your friends and family with your mobile phone
Text messaging or “texting” is becoming very popular. But, scientists have discovered that texting can give us problems with our hands. Be careful! Too much texting can cause swelling (肿胀) in our thumbs (拇指) and wrists (手腕). Our thumbs are not made for pushing small buttons, over and over. Scientists call this problem RSI.
We spoke to a doctor called Harriet Wilson, who treats (治疗) many patients with RSI. She said we needed to see how much time we were spending in typing text messages. If we are spending more than 10—15 minutes once, we could have problems in the future.
We also talked with Dr Harjeet Deepa who treats RSI patients. He told us that the youngest patient she had treated was a five-year-old girl. She wasn’t doing well at school, so her parents took her for treatment. It was found that she had such bad RSI in her hands, she couldn’t hold a pencil.
As mobile phones develop, they are getting smaller with buttons closer together. Texting with a smaller phone is worse than using a larger phone with bigger buttons. Using a computer keyboard and playing video games can also cause the same problem. So, more and more people could find themselves with RSI.
Many university students and teenagers have RSI, as they do not know the danger of spending so much time using computers, video games and mobile phones. If we don’t do something about this. too many young people could grow up in terrible pain.
41. Who were interviewed about the problem RSI in this passage ________.
A. Three scientists
B. The writer and a little girl
C. Four doctors
D. Harriet Wilson and Harjeet Deepa
42. What does the underlined part “once” mean in the third paragraph ________
A. right away B. finally C. at one time D. at least
43. Why couldn’t the five-year-old little girl hold a pencil ________
A. Because she didn’t go to school.
B. Because she suffered a lot from RSI.
C. Because she had no thumbs at all.
D. Because she was too young.
44. You can probably read this passage in a ________.
A. science book B. story book C. travel guide D. diary
45. What can we know from the passage ________
A. It is worse to spend less time typing the text messages.
B. University students who have RSI know it’s dangerous to do too much texting.
C. Using the computer keyboard will never cause the problem RSI.
D. It is better to use a large phone with bigger buttons when we have to type.
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D
【解析】本文介绍了由于智能手机的普及，越来越多的人患上了RSI，我们应该采取措施做点什么。
41. 细节理解题。根据文中“We spoke to a doctor called Harriet Wilson, who treats (治疗) many patients with RSI”和“We also talked with Dr Harjeet Deepa who treats RSI patients.”可知这里采访了2位医生。故选D。
42. 词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“If we are spending more than 10-15 minutes once, we could have problems in the future.”可知这里是指我们一次发信息的时常超过10至15分钟，我们未来会有这样的问题。故选C。
43. 细节理解题。根据文中“It was found that she had such bad RSI in her hands, she couldn't hold a pencil.”可知，小女孩患有RSI，所以她握不住铅笔。故选B。
44. 文章来源题。根据文章大意可知，这里介绍了一种由于长时间使用手机打字引起的疾病RSI。因此这篇文章是发表在科学杂志上。故选A。
45. 细节理解题。根据文中“Texting with a smaller phone is worse than using a larger phone with bigger buttons.”可知使用大的手机和按键打字会比小的手机和按键打字更好。故选D。
Passage 4（2023-24·深圳高级中学期中）
What’s the largest animal in the world Where is Denmark Who made the first pizza
To answer these questions, you may need an encyclopedia. An encyclopedia is a book with facts on topics in every field of knowledge. Which one should you choose Encyclopedia Britannica is a good choice.
It is the oldest and largest English-language encyclopedia in the world. It was first published in the 18th century in Scotland. Many people think it is the best encyclopedia.
From the 18th century to the early 20th century, articles in Encyclopedia Britannica were long and hard to understand. It soon became the favorite encyclopedia of scholars. But later, more and more common people began to use Encyclopedia Britannica, because the articles became shorter and easier to read.
Today people still think articles in Encyclopedia Britannica are reliable (可靠的) and well-written. In 2004, it had about 120,000 articles, with 44 million words.
To buy the Encyclopedia Britannica, you have to spend around 1,400 dollars (about 11,200 yuan). It also has a CD-ROM version which costs about 50 dollars.
In 1994 Encyclopedia Britannica was first put online. You can read short introductions of articles for free from the website. But for the full text, you have to pay about 12 dollars a month or 70 dollars a year.
11. Which of the answers to the questions may be found in Encyclopedia Britannica
A. What is the largest animal in the world B. Who made the first pizza
C. Where is Denmark D. All of the above.
12. Why did common people dislike to use Encyclopedia Britannica at first
A. Because it was too expensive.
B. Because they didn’t have computers.
C. Because the articles in it were not easy to understand.
D. Because they didn’t have any questions.
13. How much do you pay if you want to buy an Encyclopedia Britannica and its CD-ROM version
A. About $1,400. B. About $1,450 C. About $11,200 D. About $70.
14. How long is the Encyclopedia Britannica online now
A. For 29 years. B. For 12 years. C. For one century. D. For 18 years.
15. What is the best title for the passage
A. Encyclopedia Britannica. B. How to Find Answers in an Encyclopedia.
C. Useful Websites in Our Daily Lives. D. The Power of Knowledge.
【答案】11. D 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了《大英百科全书》。
11. 细节理解题。根据“What’s the largest animal in the world Where is Denmark Who made the first pizza ”及“To answer these questions, you may need an encyclopedia.”可知，A、B、C三个问题都可以在《大英百科全书》中找到，故选D。
12. 细节理解题。根据“From the 18th century to the early 20th century, articles in Encyclopedia Britannica were long and hard to understand. It soon became the favorite encyclopedia of scholars. But later, more and more common people began to use Encyclopedia Britannica, because the articles became shorter and easier to read.”可知，普通人一开始不喜欢使用《大英百科全书》，是因为它里面的文章不容易理解，故选C。
13. 细节理解题。根据“To buy the Encyclopedia Britannica, you have to spend around 1,400 dollars (about 11,200 yuan). It also has a CD-ROM version which costs about 50 dollars.”可知，购买《大英百科全书》大约需要花费1400美元，CD-ROM版本需要大约50美元，所以一共需要大约1450美元，故选B。
14. 细节理解题。根据“In 1994 Encyclopedia Britannica was first put online.”可知，1994年，《大英百科全书》首次上线，距今大约29年了，故选A。
15. 最佳标题题。根据“Encyclopedia Britannica is a good choice.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了《大英百科全书》，故选A。
Passage 5（2023-24·深圳高级中学期中）
Imagine that the battery on your mobile phone has run out. You can’t make any calls for help and no one can contact you. You are all alone, and well, not quite. Just reach into your pocket and take out a piece of sugar. Put it into the battery, wait a minute and you are back on the phone.
Thanks to a couple of American scientists, this situation could become real. Swadesh Chaudhuri and Derek Lovely have invented the “bacteria (细菌) battery”. This kind of battery gets its power from bacteria that eats sugar and turns it into electricity.
“This is a special organism (有机体),” Lovely said. “You can get enough electricity to power a cell phone battery for about four days from a spoonful of sugar.”
In the past, bacteria batteries have been expensive and not long-lasting. But this battery uses a more efficient bacterium that can turn 80 percent of sugar into electrical energy. This is 30 percent more than similar batteries can manage.
The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable (稳定的), because sugar can be taken from waste and crops.
But the sugar-to-electricity process is not satisfactory as it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment.
The scientists understand there is a lot more work to be done. “It is still young.” said Lovely.
“Where we are now is where solar power was 20 or 30 years ago.”
He also believes the battery will be used in scientific equipment at the bottom of the ocean. Ocher ideas include using sugar in the blood to run medical devices in the human body and taking sugar from animal waste to provide energy to power homes in rural (乡村的) areas.
21. What’s the passage mainly about
A. An effective way to repair the mobile phone. B. A scientific invention of a new type of battery.
C. A clean energy to reduce the carbon dioxide. D. A new kind of mobile phone and its future.
22. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the newly-developed battery
A. Convenient. B. Stable C. Inexpensive. D. Quick
23. Which of the following are the scientists working on to improve the new battery
A. Increase the bacteria. B. Solve the pollution problem.
C. Bring down the price. D. Change the size of the battery.
24. What does the underlined sentence actually mean
A. The bacteria battery shares some similarities with solar energy.
B. Scientists will continue their work until they find solar power.
C. There is still much room for the improvement of the bacteria battery.
D. The bacteria battery will be as popular as solar power in twenty or thirty years.
25. According to the last paragraph, who will find the bacteria battery less useful
A. Divers. B. Farmers. C. Doctors. D. Architects.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D
【解析】本文主要讲了一种新发明“细菌电池”，这种电池的能量从吃糖的细菌中获取并将其转化为电能，并具体介绍了这种电池的优缺点。
21. 主旨大意题。通读全文，主要讲了Swadesh Chaudhuri和Derek Lovely发明了一种新型“细菌电池”，这种电池的能量从吃糖的细菌中获取并将其转化为电能，并具体介绍了这种电池的优缺点。故选B。
22. 细节理解题。根据第五段“The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable”可知，这种电池便利，便宜且稳定；通过第六段“But the sugar-to-electricity process is not satisfactory”，可知糖电转换过程很慢。故选D。
23. 推理判断题。根据第六段“it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment.”可知，糖电转换过程很慢以及产生污染环境的“温室”气体，因此可推知，B选项“解决污染问题。”应是科学家们致力于提高的方面。故选B。
24. 推理判断题。根据“Where we are now is where solar power was 20 or 30 years ago.”可知，此处说我们现在的情况是20年或30年前太阳能的情况，太阳能技术在二三十年前也是效率不高并且弊端很多，而现在太阳能技术已经很普及了，说明这种新型电池有很大的提升空间。故选C。
25. 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，电池将用于海底的科学设备，其他的想法包括使用血液中的糖来运行人体内的医疗设备，以及从动物提取糖，为农村地区的家庭提供能源。通过选项可知，潜水员，农民和医生都会用上这种电池；而建筑师有可能认为电池没那么有用。故选D。
Passage 6（2023-24·华师附中期中）
So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species（物种）, but that is just a small number of what probably lives on Earth. With so many plants, animals, and other living things on the planet, it can be difficult to find out what kind of grass is growing by the roadside or what kind of birds just flew by.
A soon-to-be-started website might help. Some scientists set up a web-based Encyclopaedia of Life (EOL). It wants to name every species on Earth and be a good guide for people. To get the encyclopaedia started, the scientists will use information in the scientific databases（数据库）. And finally, non-scientists with specialized（专业的）knowledge will come to help in the site. Bird-watchers, for example, will be able to input what birds they see and where they live. To make sure the encyclopaedia is right, scientists will check much of the information added to it.
As the EOL develops, you might find it is useful for schools. The site will make some special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems（生态系统）in their neighborhoods. And the EOL is also helpful for you to choose whatever information you like.
It takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to analyze species now. The scientists of the Encyclopaedia of Life hope the EOL will speed up that process.
33. What does the web-based EOL aim to do
A. To save all the plants. B. To work out the number of birds.
C. To find out what covers the Earth. D. To name all the living things on Earth.
34. What is one of the characteristics（特点）of the EOL
A. It is set up by school students.
B. It has been open to the public.
C. It is about different types of grass and birds.
D. It produces different kinds of information about species.
35. What does the underlined part “that process” refer to
A. Collecting data. B. Studying ecosystems.
C. Creating a new way. D. Describing and analyzing species.
36. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. There are 1.8 million living species on earth.
B. There are no non-scientists helping in the site.
C. EOL is not useful for you to choose information.
D. As the EOL develops, students might find it’s useful for them.
【答案】33. D 34. D 35. A 36. D
【解析】本文讲了一些科学家建立了基于网络的生命百科全书，详细地介绍了它的目的和一些信息。
33. 细节理解题。根据“It wants to name every species on Earth and be a good guide for people.”可知EOL的目的是为地球上所有的生物命名。故选D。
34. 推理判断题。根据“So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species, but that is just a small number of what probably lives on Earth. With so many plants, animals, and other living things on the planet, it can be difficult to find out what kind of grass is growing by the roadside or what kind of birds just flew by.”可知地球上有如此多的植物、动物和其他生物，很难知道路边长着什么样的草，或者刚刚飞过的是什么样的鸟，EOL可能会有所帮助，由此推出EOL提供了不同种类的物种信息。故选D。
35. 词义猜测题。根据“It takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to analyze species now. The scientists of the Encyclopaedia of Life hope that EOL will speed up that process.”可知现在，科学家需要数年时间来收集分析物种所需的所有数据。生命百科全书的科学家们希望EOL能加快收集数据这一进程。可推出that process指代“收集数据”。故选A。
36. 细节理解题。根据“As the EOL develops, you might find it is useful for schools.”可知随着EOL的发展，学生可能会发现它对他们很有用，D项正确。故选D。
Passage 7（2023-24·深圳龙岗区联考期中）
When a computer runs a group of programs, it can get very hot. Cooling the computer can cost a lot, so some scientists want to know one thing: What would happen if they use the heat(热量) from the computer
Large Internet companies such as Google and Microsoft have thousands of computers. As people use these computers to look through information, they produce lots of heat, so they need huge cooling systems(系统).
These systems send the heat into the air. A Company in Holland(荷兰) thought paying to make the computers work and then paying again to cool them were a waste of energy. So the company developed a special machine—the e-Radiator. Boaz Leupe, head of the company, says that the eRadiator works as a heating system and saves money. He says that the energy is used twice—once to heat the home and once to cool the computer. He also says that users don’t have to pay to cool their computers. Five homeowners(房主) in Holland are testing the heating system in their homes. “We pay for using the computer, so, in that way, homeowners get heat for free,” Boaz says. Jan Visser is one of the homeowners. “If you use the computer more, the e-Radiator produces more heat,” he says. “It cannot provide enough heat if you don’t use your computer often.” But he is ready to try it. It’s a great help for his family.
The company says e-Radiators produce heat of up to 55°C. It says the system could save its users about $440 a year. That’s really wonderful, right
21. Why did the writer write the first paragraph
A. To give his opinions on computers.
B. To introduce a special computer to readers.
C. To make readers interested in this passage.
D. To tell us how to buy a good computer.
22. What does the underlined word “they” refer to
A. Computers. B. Cooling systems.
C. Google and Microsoft. D. All Internet companies.
23. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A. Many people think the e-Radiator is really helpful in cooling computers.
B. A company in Holland invented the e-Radiator to deal with the heat from computer.
C. Many companies are using the e-Radiator today.
D. Scientist are trying their best to use the heat from computers.
24. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A. Google and Microsoft have thousands of computers.
B. If you use the computer more, the e-Radiator produces more heat.
C. The energy from the e-Radiator is used twice.
D. Boaz Leupe is a homeowner in America.
25. What is the best title of the passage
A. An Environment Problem. B. A New Way to Heat Homes.
C. The Future Computers. D. The Energy to be wasted.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了科学研究者们通过研究一种设备仪器，一方面给电脑散热，另一方面利用电脑运转过程中散发的热量来提供热能，给家庭供暖，从而达到循环利用能源，节省能源的目的。
21. 推理判断题。根据“What would happen if they use the heat(热量) from the computer”可知，作者提出这个问题是为了吸引读者的注意，使读者继续往下阅读文章。故选C。
22. 词句猜测题。根据“As people use these computers to look through information, they produce lots of heat, so they need huge cooling systems(系统).”可知，人们使用电脑浏览信息时，电脑产生许多热量，所以他们需要大的冷却系统。所以they表示“Computers”。故选A。
23. 主旨大意题。根据“So the company developed a special machine—the e-Radiator. Boaz Leupe, head of the company, says that the e-Radiator works as a heating system and saves money”可知，第三段主要讲述了荷兰的一家公司发明了e-Radiator来处理来自电脑的热量。故选B。
24. 推理判断题。根据“Boaz Leupe, head of the company”可知，Boaz Leupe是一家公司的负责人，D表述错误。故选D。
25. 主旨大意题。这篇短文给我们讲述的是一种新型的散热器，它一方面可以给电脑散热，另一方面，它能把电脑散发的热量再次使用，给家庭供暖。因此B选项“A New Way to Heat Homes供暖的新方法”能概括短文大意。故选B。
Passage 8（2023-24·广州培英期中）
Searching for parking spaces has long been a headache for many office workers in many big cities of China. Parking near their companies for five days a week could cost them a lot of money. At the same time, most of parking lots (停车场) in residential areas (居民区) idle during work days. Now a new form of sharing has appeared in China—the shared parking space.
It has become a huge market in some big cities. In Qingdao, a coastal city in Shandong, up to 10, an online shared parking platform developed by a network company from Guangzhou. Through the special app, users can either share or order a parking place. Owners who have developed parking spaces can share some information, including the parking position (限制), users can easily find the nearest place to park. The parking cost for shared parking is 4 yuan each hour.
Qingdao is one of the Chinese cities that encourage shared parking. Some other big cites, including Beijing, Shanghai and Hefei, has set up more than 6,500 shared parking spaces to encourage the public to use. Shared parking will be more and more helpful to the drivers.
33. In the first paragraph, the writer points out that ________.
A. we should set up more parking spaces in big cities
B. prices of parking spaces are rising quickly in China
C. it’s difficult to find parking space in big cities
D. many people want to find parking spaces in residential areas during workdays
34. If you want to use shared parking in Qingdao, you should ________.
A. use a special app B. love the city
C. pay more D. share your personal information
35. The following sentences are true EXCEPT ________
A. There are four big cities encouraging the shared parking lot.
B. Up to 10 is an application of shared parking developed in Shenzhen.
C. The parking cost for shared parking is less expensive.
D. Shared parking has good for drivers.
36. The purpose of the passage is to tell us that ________.
A. it’s hard to find parking spaces in residential areas during workdays
B. Qingdao has fewer shared parking spaces than Shanghai
C. shared parking will probably become more and more popular
D. shared parking is more expensive than traditional parking service
【答案】33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C
【解析】本文主要讲述一种新的停车方法——共享停车位，给在大城市上班的人们带来了停车便利。用户们下载应用程序后，可以在程序上发布或寻找空置的停车位，相信共享停车一定会给驾驶员们提供越来越多的帮助。
33. 细节理解题。根据“Searching for parking spaces has long been a headache for many office workers in many big cities of China.”可知，寻找车位是很困难的。故选C。
34. 细节理解题。根据“Through the special app, users can either share or order a parking place.”可知，想要在青岛找到共享停车位，需要下载一款特殊的应用程序。故选A。
35. 推理判断题。根据“In Qingdao, a coastal city in Shandong, up to 10, an online shared parking platform developed by a network company from Guangzhou.”可知，是广州研发的，故选B。
36. 主旨大意题。根据“Shared parking will be more and more helpful to the drivers.”以及结合全文，可知是共享停车可能会变得越来越流行，故选C。
Passage 9（2023-24·深圳实验学校初中部期中）
As everyone knows, the Encyclopaedia Britannica is the oldest English—language encyclopaedia. Actually, more than 300 years before it, a Chinese encyclopaedia called the Yongle Dadian or the Yongle Encyclopaedia had already been there.
In 1403, the Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty asked Xie Jin to complete a collection of every subject and every known book of Chinese. One year later, Xie, finished the first version of the encyclopaedia named A Complete Work of Literature.
However, the emperor wasn’t happy with it because it was completed so quickly and he thought the content wasn’t enough. In 1405, he asked Yao Guangxiao to compile (编纂), 196. Two years later, they completed the work and won praise from the emperor who named the encyclopaedia after his reign name. Then it took the team another year to write the final version. The Yongle Encyclopaedia was finally completed in 1408.
The Yongle Encyclopaedia contained 22, 973 scrolls in 11, 095 volumes, such as history, geography, art and science. It is the largest encyclopaedia ever compiled in the world. However, over the years many volumes have been lost. Today 221 volumes of the Yongle Encyclopaedia are safely kept in the National Library of China in Beijing.
31. What do we know about the Yongle Encyclopedia ________
A. It appeared earlier than the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
B. It is as famous as the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
C. About 200 people worked on it together.
D. It was completed in 1403 in the—end.
32. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about ________
A. The collection of Xie Jin.
B. The oldest book in Chinese history.
C. The Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty,
D. The first version of the Yongle Encyclopaedia.
33. Why wasn’t the emperor happy with the first version ________
A. Because he thought it didn’t include enough things.
B. Because there were a lot of mistakes in it.
C. Because it was finished too slowly.
D. Because nobody wanted to read it.
34. What can we learn from the last paragraph ________
A. The subjects of the Yongle Encyclopaedia cover all sides of people’s lives.
B. We can find some volumes of the Yongle Encyclopaedia in the National Library of China.
C. Most volumes of the Yongle Encyclpaedia are safely kept in Beijing.
D. The Yongle Encyclopaedia had 22, 973 volumes.
35. What is the purpose of the passage ________
A. To tell us the history of the encyclopaedia.
B. To encourage us to read more encyclopaedias.
C. To introduce the Yongle Encyclopaedia to us.
D. To show us how to use the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的百科全书《永乐大典》的编纂和完善。
31. 细节理解题。根据第一段“As everyone knows, the Encyclopaedia Britannica is the oldest English—language encyclopaedia. Actually, more than 300 years before it a Chinese encyclopaedia called the Yongle Dadian or the Yongle Encyclopaedia had already been there.”可知，《永乐大典》比《大英百科全书》出现得早。故选A。
32. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“One year later, Xie, finished the first version of the encyclopaedia named A Complete Work of Literature.”可知，本段主要讲了《永乐大典》的第一版。故选D。
33. 细节理解题。根据第三段“However, the emperor wasn’t happy with it because it was completed so quickly and he thought the content wasn’t enough.”可知，皇帝并不满意的是他认为内容不够。故选A。
34. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Today 221 volumes of the Yongle Encyclopaedia are safely kept in the National Library of China in Beijing.” 可知，如今，221卷《永乐大典》被安全地保存在北京的中国国家图书馆。故选B。
35. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要是向我们介绍了明朝时期完成的《永乐大典》。故选C。
Passage 10（2023-24·深圳实验学校初中部期中）
When Claire Vlases of Montana was in Grade 7, she learned about plans to modernize (使现代化) her middle school. Claire asked the school board (董事会) to add solar panels (太阳电池板) to the project because, she believed, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school.
The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $25, 000. It was only one-fifth of the cost of the solar panels. So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups to try to get the rest. They sold their second-hand books, put on talent shows and asked for donations (捐赠), even going door-to-door for them. One donated more than half the cost! After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving thousands of dollars for the neighborhood.
“My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community (社群),” Claire said. “There are always going to be hard parts. But never forget why you set off. Make a determined effort to stick to your goal. When there’s a challenge in front of you, you can learn from it and use it as chance to improve yourself.”
41. How much money did the solar panels cost ________
A. $25, 000. B. $100, 000. C. $125, 000. D. $5, 000.
42. Which picture shows the change of the electricity cost after the use of solar panels ________
A. B.
C. D.
43. Which is the right order of the following events ________
a. Claire organized a group of people to get the rest of the money.
b. The board agreed but there was not enough money for adding solar panels.
c. Claire and her group paid for the solar panels.
d. Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to help the school save energy.
A. a—b—c—d B. d—c—b—a C. b—d—a—c D. d—b—a—c
44. From Claire’s words in the last paragraph, we learn that ________
A. Hard work was her favorite.
B. The project went smoothly.
C. A small thing makes a big difference.
D. Solar panels cost a big deal.
45. What would be the best title for the text ________
A. A Dependent Girl
B. A Modern School
C. Don’t Waste Energy
D. Never Give Up
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. D
【解析】本文主要讲述了七年级学生Claire Vlases为建立真正的现代化的学校，建议在项目中加入太阳能电池板，董事会资金不够，她组织活动筹集资金，最终太阳能电池板节省了很多电费，通过这件事情告诉我们；当面临挑战时，我们可以从中学习，并将其作为提升自己的机会。
41. 细节理解题。根据“The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $25, 000. It was only one-fifth of the cost of the solar panels.”可知，25000美元仅仅是太阳能电池板成本的五分之一，所以太阳能电池板成本为125000美元。故选C。
42. 细节理解题。根据“After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now provide one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs-saving thousands of dollars for the neighborhood.”可知，太阳能电池板现在提供了学校四分之一的电力需求，为社区节省了数千元，也就是说安装了太阳能电池板以后，费用在逐步降低。故选D。
43. 细节理解题。根据“Claire asked the school board (董事会) to add solar panels (太阳电池板) to the project because, she believed, clean energy would be helpful to a really modern school.”、“The board liked the idea but said it could offer just $25, 000. It was only one-fifth of the cost of the solar panels.”、“So Claire organized a group of kids and grown-ups to try to get the rest.”及“After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels”可知，正确的顺序是：Claire建议增加太阳能板来帮助学校节约能源；董事会同意了但没有足够的资金来增加太阳能电池板；Claire组织人们筹集资金；Claire和她的团队得到了足够的捐款来购买太阳能电池板。故选D。
44. 细节理解题。根据“‘My favorite part about this project was that one person could start something small and then the project could grow and have a big influence on the community (社群),’ Claire said.”可知，从Claire的话中我们可以知道小事情可以产生重大的影响。故选C。
45. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，Claire为了帮助学校安装太阳能电池板，她组织活动筹集资金，他们坚持不懈，永不放弃，最终太阳能电池板节省了很多电费，选项D“永不放弃”符合本文标题。故选D。
Passage 11（2023-24·广州第二中学期中）
Scientists say they recently invented the world’s tiniest remote-controlled robots. The robots are small enough to sit on the side of a coin. They don’t have any power of their own, and they can be controlled from a distance by using lasers (激光器). The scientists say one day robots like these may be able to work in areas too small for tools. The robots don’t move very quickly. But because of their tiny size, they’re also not too slow. It takes the robots about 20 seconds to cover 1 centimeter.
Right now the robots aren’t all that useful. All they can do is to move, and they need to be in a place where lasers can shine on them to do that. But the scientists say these robots are an important step toward inventing more helpful tiny robots.
The researchers say that one day tiny robots like these might be able to work in very small spaces. It’s possible that they could build very tiny machines, or perhaps even travel inside the human body to help do with medical problems.
Using similar building methods, the scientists made a number of different robots, including ones that looked like small insects. John Rodgers, says that their methods allow them to “build walking robots with almost any sizes or 3-D shapes.”
46. The world’s tiniest remote-controlled robots move by ________.
A. lasers B. solar power C. its own energy D. electricity
47. How far can the tiniest remote-controlled robots walk in a minute
A. 1 centimeter. B. 2 centimeters. C. 3 centimeters. D. 4 centimeters.
48. The tiniest remote-controlled robots ________.
A. are able to work in very small areas now
B. can only move now
C. are very useful now
D. move very slowly
49. According to the passage, which of the following may be possible in the future
A. Scientists build tiny machines to travel inside the human body to help doctors.
B. Scientists use tiny robots to make insects.
C. Scientists use tiny robots to build walking robots of different sizes.
D. People don’t need to use bigger robots.
50. What is the best title for this passage
A. Scientists’ New Inventions B. The Future of Robot
C. How To Use the Tiniest Robot D. The Tiniest Robot
【答案】46. A 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D
【解析】本文主要介绍了科学家们研制的微型机器人。
46. 细节理解题。根据“They don’t have any power of their own, and they can be controlled from a distance by using lasers (激光器).”可知，这种机器人是由远距离的激光器控制的。故选A。
47. 细节理解题。根据“It takes the robots about 20 seconds to cover 1 centimeter.”可知，机器人20秒可以走1厘米，1分钟则可以走3厘米。故选C。
48. 细节理解题。根据“All they can do is to move, and they need to be in a place where lasers can shine on them to do that.”可知，目前这种微型机器人只能进行移动。故选B。
49. 细节理解题。根据“It’s possible that they could build very tiny machines, or perhaps even travel inside the human body to help do with medical problems.”可知，未来医生用这种微型机器人来探测人体解决医疗问题是有可能的。故选A。
50. 最佳标题题。根据文章开头“Scientists say they recently invented the world’s tiniest remote-controlled robots.”和全文内容可知，文章主要对微型机器人外形、功能和作用进行了介绍，主要说明的是这个微型机器人。故选D。
Passage 12（2023-24·广州第七中学期中）
Electric vehicles are nothing new. They have been around for more than a hundred years. But they have really been liked by a lot of people over the last ten years. More than three million all-electric cars, trucks and vans are now on the road worldwide.
Helping the Environment
Most cars run on petrol. They burn petrol or other fossil fuels (燃料) in their engines, and send a lot of greenhouse gases into the air. Electric vehicles don’t burn petrol. Strong batteries run their electric engines. So electric vehicles don’t directly produce greenhouse gases.
Poop (粪) Power
Electric vehicles are better for the environment. But they are not perfect. Their batteries often use electricity that was made by burning fossil fuels. But an electric vehicle uses less energy than a vehicle that runs on petrol. Also, some of the electricity comes from “greener” sources, such as solar and wind power. And some may soon come from a new source—cow poop! An electric car company has worked together with a large dairy farm. They plan to make electricity by using greenhouse gases from cow poop.
Always Improving
One of the problems for electric vehicles is their limited range. This is how far they can travel before their batteries need another charge (充电). But now their range is improving. Some new electric vehicles can travel almost three times as far as older ones did. Another problem is finding a place to recharge the batteries. But there are more charging stations than before. China now has thousands more charging stations than it did ten years ago. In Sweden, engineers have even designed a road that will charge electric vehicles as they drive along.
31. Which of the following best describes electric vehicles according to Paragraph 1
A. Useless. B. Popular. C. Cheap. D. Perfect.
32. How does the company which works with a dairy farm plan to make electricity
A. By burning petrol. B. By burning fossil fuels.
C. By using solar power. D. By using cow poop.
33. What is TRUE about the electric vehicles
A. They can be charged when driving under the sun.
B. They don’t produce any greenhouse gases.
C. They use less energy than petrol-powered cars.
D. They can travel farther than petrol-powered cars.
34. What is the passage mainly about
A. The introduction of electric vehicles.
B. The reasons for buying electric vehicles.
C. The ways to produce more electric vehicles.
D. The development of electric vehicles.
【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电动汽车的优缺点。
31. 推理判断题。根据“But they have really been liked by a lot of people over the last ten years.”可知，本段提到了电动汽车很受人们欢迎。故选B。
32. 细节理解题。根据“An electric car company has worked together with a large dairy farm. They plan to make electricity by using greenhouse gases from cow poop.”可知，该公司计划用一种来自牛粪的温室气体来发电。故选D。
33. 推理判断题。根据“But an electric vehicle uses less energy than a vehicle that runs on petrol. ”可知，电动汽车比汽油车消耗更少的能源，C表述正确，故选C。
34. 主旨大意题。根据“Electric vehicles are nothing new. They have been around for more than a hundred years. But they have really been liked by a lot of people over the last ten years”及全文的内容可知，本文介绍了电动汽车的优缺点，故选A。
Passage 13（2023-24·广州中学期中）
Do you have a lucky number What is it Many people have a special number that they hope will bring them good luck.
In Chinese culture, some numbers are believed to be lucky or unlucky based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to.
For example, the word for the number 8 sounds similar to the word for “making a fortune (发财)”. So, people consider it a very lucky number. Some people will even spend a lot of money to have 8s in their phone number or on their vehicle license plate (车牌照) number. The opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics began at 8:08 p.m. on Aug. 8, 2008.
The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its connection to the emperors of China. There were nine dragons on emperors’ robes (龙袍) and Chinese myth held that the dragon had nine children. The number 9 also stands for “long lasting”. That’s why a man always proposes (求婚) to a woman with 99 or 999 roses.
So what’s an unlucky number in China One example is 4. Many Chinese people see 4 as an unlucky number because it sounds similar to the character for “death”.
Because of this, many buildings skip (跳过) the fourth floor, and simply call it the fifth floor. In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24, 34 and all 40-49 floors. Some buildings also skip the 13th floor, as this is considered an unlucky number in some areas in Hong Kong. As a result, a building whose highest floor is 50 may have only 35 physical floors.
33. What makes Chinese people believe a number is lucky or unlucky
A. The shape of the number. B. The sound of the number. C. The history of the number. D. The spelling of the number.
34. According to the passage, the meaning of number 9 in Chinese culture is _________.
A. fortunate B. ordinary C. everlasting D. simple
35. A building whose highest floor is 60 in Hong Kong might only have ________ physical floors if it skips all the unlucky numbers.
A. 35 B. 60 C. 45 D. 44
36. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Numbers and old stories in China.
B. Different meanings of numbers in different countries.
C. Ways to find your lucky and unlucky numbers.
D. Lucky and unlucky numbers in Chinese culture.
【答案】33. B 34. C 35. D 36. D
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国文化中的幸运数字和不幸运数字。
33. 细节理解题。根据“In Chinese culture, some numbers are believed to be lucky or unlucky based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to.”可知，在中国文化中，人们认为数字是否幸运是基于数字的发音。故选B。
34. 细节理解题。根据“The number 9 also stands for ‘long lasting’.”可知，数字9在中国文化中代表“长久”，即“everlasting”。故选C。
35. 推理判断题。根据“In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4”可知，香港的一些建筑会跳过所有带有4的楼层，因此，最高60层的建筑要排除4、14、24、34、44、54、40～49，因此实际只有44层。故选D。
36. 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国文化中的幸运数字和不幸运数字。故选D。
Passage 14（2023-24·广州中学期中）
Scientists have developed a way to read minds, translating unspoken thoughts into written words. It’s the first time it’s been done without having to put anything into the brain. They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer system that is able to “think” for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence.
Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器). The machine can see where blood runs, which shows the parts of the brain that are most active. People taking part in the experiment (实验) listened to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned. The AI tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard. After that, each person was asked to think of a story, and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened.
The results had about a 50% accuracy rate (准确率), although the AI found it hard to work out the meaning of pronouns, such as he or she, her or him. For example, it turned “I don’t have my driver’s license (驾驶执照) yet” into “She has not even started to learn to drive yet.” It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words. The AI was personalized, so when it had learnt from one person but it was tested on another, it couldn’t understand their thoughts.
The scientists, who have been working on the technology for 15 years, say they understand the risks of it being used badly. Scientist Jerry Tang told a newspaper, “We want to make sure people only use these types of technologies when they want to, and that it helps them.” The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak, to communicate once again.
37. What does the underlined word “It” refer to
A. A way. B. Anything. C. The brain. D. AI.
38. What is the main purpose (目的) of paragraph 2
A. To describe the process of the experiment.
B. To explain the results of the experiment.
C. To offer some opinions about the experiment.
D. To list the difficulties with the experiment.
39. What does the example in paragraph 3 show
A. The AI is much cleverer than people.
B. The AI didn’t start the work as it was ordered.
C. The AI couldn’t understand the exact words of what people thought.
D. The AI will be well developed according to people’s special needs.
40. What can be the best title for the text
A. High Risks of Using AI B. Mind-Reading Development
C. Importance of Human Brain D. Ways of Improving Technology
【答案】37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B
【解析】本文主要介绍了可以读取思想的人工智能技术。
37. 词句猜测题。根据“They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer system that is able to ‘think’ for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence.”可知，It指的是AI。故选D。
38. 主旨大意题。通读第二段并根据其中的关键信息“Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器)…People…listened to the radio…The AI tool learned to…After that”可知，该段主要描述了实验的过程。故选A。
39. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words.”可知，本段举的例子说明人工智能不能理解人们想到的确切字词。故选C。
40. 最佳标题题。根据通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了可以读取思想的人工智能技术，所以B选项“读心术的发展”最适合。故选B。
Passage 15（2023-24·广州第三中学期中）
Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools have become extremely powerful, surprising even their creators. Now, some people say there should be a pause in AI work to make sure it doesn’t become dangerous, not everyone agrees.
Most people have probably read a book or seen a movie or show about an AI or robot that has become so smart that it can take over the world. The AI in stories like these is known as an AGI or Artificial General Intelligence. A true AGI would be intelligent in many different areas and would be able to learn on its own.
Now, there are no AGIs. Most experts believe it will be many years before an AGI could possibly be created. Most current Al tools are good at just one task, like answering questions, or identifying objects in photos. But scientists have worked to improve AI models, mainly by training the models on larger and larger collections of information. Those efforts are paving off. Extremely large models have surprised even their creators with what they can do.
The AI tools that’s got the most attention recently is ChatGPT, created by the company Open AI. ChatGPT is a Large Language Model (LLM). ChatGPT allows users to “chat” with a powerful LLM. When asked a question, ChatGPT answers quickly in perfect sentences. It makes up stories and games, writes essays, programs computers, and much more. ChatGPT appears to be extremely intelligent. But really, ChatGPT is simply guessing-based on its training information-which word is most likely to come next, over and over again.
Last month, OpenAI announced a more powerful model, called GPT-4. GPT-4 can create and explain jokes, and pass tests that are difficult for humans. GPT-4 was also trained on images, and can use them in powerful ways. For example, it can create a working website from a description and a rough drawing of the site.
The rapid progress of recent AI models worries some people. Last week, many computer experts released a letter calling for a six-month pause for any work on AI tools stronger than GPT4. Not all AI experts agreed with the letter. ChatGPT has caused so much excitement that many companies are likely to keep developing powerful AI tools. But the letter has sent a strong warning that many people-including leaders-will be thinking about carefully.
54. What’s the best title of the passage
A. Are AGIs becoming too intelligent B. Are AI tools becoming too powerful
C. Is ChatGPT causing too much excitement D. Is GPT-4 getting too much attention
55. Which of the following sentences about “AGIs” is True
A. They have brought people many real problems. B. They are too smart to take over the world.
C. They are intelligent only in the computer world. D. They would be able to learn on their own.
56. Which of the following phrases “pay off” has the same meaning as the underlined one in Paragraph 3
A. We all know that the extra time spent studying now will pay off in the future.
B. Since he couldn’t pay off his credit cards, he left university and began working for a restaurant.
C. It’s impossible to pay off the police to let you go in our country.
D. It took the couple 30 years to pay off the money spent on their house.
57. Which of the following things can GPT-4 do but ChatGPT can’t
A. It can answer a question quickly in perfect sentences.
B. It can program computers as well as write essays.
C. It can create a website from a picture of the site.
D. It can make up stories and games.
【答案】54. B 55. D 56. A 57. C
【解析】本文讲述了人工智能模型的快速发展让一些人感到担忧，一些人建议暂停人工智能工作，防止它太强大而变得危险，但并不是每个人都同意。
54. 最佳标题题。本文讲述了人工智能模型的快速发展让一些人感到担忧，一些人建议暂停人工智能工作，防止它太强大而变得危险，但并不是每个人都同意，所以选项B“人工智能工具是否变得过于强大？”符合文章主旨，故选B。
55. 细节理解题。根据第二段“A true AGI would be intelligent in many different areas and would be able to learn on its own.”可知，它们将能够自己学习，故选D。
56. 词义猜测题。根据“Those efforts are paving off.”可知，此处pay off意为“回报”，选项A中pay off意为“回报”，选项B中pay off意为“还清”，选项C中pay off意为“付钱”，选项D中pay off意为“还清”，故选A。
57. 细节理解题。根据第四段“When asked a question, ChatGPT answers quickly in perfect sentences. It makes up stories and games, writes essays, programs computers, and much more.”及第五段“GPT-4 was also trained on images, and can use them in powerful ways. For example, it can create a working website from a description and a rough drawing of the site.”可知，可以根据网站的图片创建网站GPT-4可以做，而ChatGPT不能做的事情，故选C。
Passage 16（2023-24·花都期中）
As a way of passing on knowledge, ideas and creativity, books have played an important part in human civilization (文明) .
In ancient times, there were no books, and people passed on their knowledge by telling stories. The earliest forms of the book were made in Egypt around 3,000 BC． These early scrolls (卷轴), made from animal skins, were used to record stories, laws and history. Later, people learned how to write and make paper. They wrote each word by hand. It took a long time to write just one book, making them rare and expensive.
In the 15th century, the invention of the printing press appeared and changed the book-making business and even the world. This made it possible to print books quickly. Even common people could buy and read books.
In the 20th century, computers and the Internet changed the world again. A new kind of book appeared: the electronic book (e-book). E-books have opened up a new world for books. They are quickly changing people’s reading habits. It is easier for people to buy and sell books online and carry the whole library in their pockets. Therefore, information travels faster and farther.
In a word, the history of the book shows the development of human civilization. From ancient scrolls to e-books, the book has changed to meet the needs of humans. In the future, it is possible that books will continue to change. Now, people have many ways to read books. But, more importantly, people should keep on reading!
28．Before books appeared, how did people pass on their knowledge
A．By dancing. B．By singing.
C．Through storytelling. D．Through scrolls.
29．Why were books expensive in the early days of paper invention
A．Because books were made from expensive animal skins.
B．Because writing one book by hand needed a lot of time.
C．Because the paper was expensive at the beginning.
D．Because people were busy inventing the printing press.
30．What change have e-books brought to humans according to the passage
A．People can read books conveniently anytime for their small sizes.
B．E-books have made it difficult to buy and sell paper books online.
C．People’s reading habits have become faster but less enjoyable.
D．E-books cannot provide the same reading experience as paper books.
31．What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．Books show the development of human civilization.
B．People will have many different ways to read books.
C．Books will continue to change to meet the needs of humans.
D．People should keep reading even if books keep changing.
【答案】28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了书籍在人类文明中发挥了重要作用，虽然现在人们有很多方式来读书，但是人们还是应该坚持阅读。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“In ancient times, there were no books, and people passed on their knowledge by telling stories.”可知，在古代，人们通过讲故事来传递他们的知识。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段“It took a long time to write just one book, making them rare and expensive.”可知，这使得它们既稀有又昂贵，是因为手写一本书需要很多时间。故选B。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“E-books have opened up a new world for books. They are quickly changing people’s reading habits. It is easier for people to buy and sell books online and carry the whole library in their pockets. Therefore, information travels faster and farther.”可知，电子书体积小，人们可以随时方便地阅读。故选A。
31．段落大意题。根据最后一段“ In the future, it is possible that books will continue to change. Now, people have many ways to read books. But, more importantly, people should keep on reading!”可知，作者在最后一段主要想告诉我们：即使书籍不断变化，人们也应该坚持阅读。故选D。
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