中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
题型过关第4讲 任务型阅读理解
任务型阅读
任务型阅读是一种读写结合的题型是介于阅读理解与书面表达之间的一种题型。它要求学生
在阅读文章后能对文章中某些细节做到准确把握或对整篇文章进行提炼概括，材料后的题目
设计难度并不很大，但是学生在实际做题过程中，经常会犯一些错误，导致不必要的失分。
解题方法
●Step1:先读任务，确阅读目标
做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么
。带着任务去阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数
●有针对性地去读，并能提高阅读效率
Step2:通读全文，了解大意(泛读)
●Step3:研读细节，逐题攻克
●寻找细节，从原文中找答案(简单题)。适用于较简单的题目，一般可以从原文中直接找到答案
精读细节，理解深层含义(难题)
对于细节考察题要采取“扫读"和“跳读”相结合的方式，对文章中的关键信息进行
推理，理解深层含义
Step4:核对答案，养成习惯
答题注意
●1.能简则简，答出要点
2.规范书写，便于阅卷
.3.适当调整，人称时态
牢记:要想出色的完成任务型阅读题，不仅需要在考场上运用各种解题技巧，而且还需要在
平时课内外加大阅读的训练量、扩充词汇量
1
Since the outbreak(爆发) of the pandemic(疫情), it has made its way around the world. It has a strong influence on our daily life. People have found a way to protect themselves by wearing face masks(口罩). We must wear masks anywhere in public. But the masks are onetime items. This means that we need to discard(去弃) them after one or two uses. The world has seen wasted masks strewn(散布在) all over the streets and filling up garbage bins(垃圾箱).
Experts have pointed out that the materials used in masks are difficult to degrade(降解). It will take at least 100 years for them to degrade naturally. Environmentalists become quite worried because a countless number of wasted masks have ended up in the sea! They are polluting the sea! The sea animals suffer(遭受) a lot and so do we humans. If the sea animals eat them by mistake, the rubbish will be hard to digest(消化) and stay in their stomachs forever. The bacteria on the masks may kill them too. They will not only largely influence the ecological balance(生态平衡) of the sea, but also can spread some more dangerous illnesses. People will also leave these harmful things in their own bodies and may become ill when eating these sea animals.
In general, the harm of wasted masks to the sea is serious, so we must take action to stop it in a proper way right now. We should leave them in a safe place and find a wise way to recycle them.
1．How do people protect themselves in the pandemic
2．How long will it take for the wasted masks to degrade naturally
3．Why do environmentalists become very worried
4．Are the wasted masks easy to digest in the sea animals’ stomachs
5．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
2
It is said that the eyes are the windows to our soul (灵魂). However, to have healthy eyes, you have to look after them properly. Your eyes need attention every day.
First, you have to pay more attention to your diet (饮食). Eat more fruits, vegetables, fish and eggs. It’s good for your eyes. Also, a regular amount of vitamins A and B2 should also be taken.
Second, you must have regular and enough sleep. This relaxes the eye muscles and gives them the rest they need. Enough sleep can help the body repair its tired tissue (组织). You should sleep for at least seven to eight hours every day. Not enough sleep can give you dark circles under your eyes.
Next, it’s necessary for you to exercise your eyes every day. Blink (眨眼) your eyes at regular periods to keep your eyes moist (湿润的).
Last, you should treat your eyes correctly. For example, if you get something in your eyes, don’t rubbing (揉) it. Rubbing is harmful to your eyes. Don’t read or write in poor or bright sunlight because sunlight can cause eye tiredness. Remember to use sunglasses to stop the sun from shining directly in your eyes. Too much reading, writing, watching television or working on a computer can also cause eye tiredness, so rest is required.
6．How many pieces of advice does the writer give
7．What kind of food is good for our eyes
8．What can help the body fix its tired tissue
9．Do you need to exercise your eyes according to the passage
10．What does the passage mainly talk about
3
The bus is a little different from other buses. It’s black and white, and has two black “cars” on the top, just like a giant panda（大熊猫）. The lights of the bus are its “eyes”. This is the popular Panda Bus in China. There are 23 seats on the 12-meter long bus.
The Panda Bus is popular not just because of its cute look. You can also find something cool when you get on it. First of all, it’s very easy for people to buy tickets. They don’t need to use their phones or bus cards like before. All they need are their hands. They can buy tickets just by scanning（扫描）their hands. In this way, people can also buy drinks and food on the bus. There is a vending machine（自动贩卖机）in the middle of the bus. Another surprise is the small computer on the back of each seat. People can choose to watch a movie on the way. How interesting! There are also some cameras on the bus. If someone steals things, these cameras will catch them. So, it’s safe and comfortable for people to take the bus. Most importantly, the bus is driverless（无人驾驶的）. It can stop at lights and park at the stop all by itself. It only needs someone to watch all the way just in case（以防万一）. And it usually runs a little slower than other buses.
By the end of 2021, there had been over ten cities in China having the Panda Bus, such as Tianjin, Shanghai and Jinan. Would you like to take such a bus to go to school
11．How long is the bus
12．How can people buy food and drinks on the bus
13．Why is it safe for people to take the bus
14．Does the bus run faster than other buses
15．What’s the passage mainly about
4
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题， 每个题目的答案不超过 5个单词。
Service dogs are very good because they are helpful. They are trained to help their owners. Who can own a service dog Disabled people can. For example, a person may be blind or deaf. Service dogs can do many things to help these people. For example, they can help blind owners cross the road.
Can any dog become a service dog In fact, many dogs can. Just remember service dogs should be healthy and friendly. Many organizations train the dogs. The training takes months or years. After this, the dogs are given to an owner.
Most public places let service dogs come in with their owners. The dogs can go into restaurants, banks and shops.
In my opinion, service dogs are more than just pets. They enjoy helping people!
16．Who can own a service dog
17．How can service dogs help blind owners in the passage
18．How long does it take to train a service doe
19．According to the writer, why are service dogs more than just pets
20．What do you think of service dogs
5
There are many things you can do to make your memory (记忆力) better. Among them are many kinds of useful ways as well as taking special care of your health.
It is important that you make yourself excited to make your memory more active. You can do this by doing some new activities and by changing your daily habits (习惯). Learning a new skill helps your brain (大脑) to develop. When trying to remember something, you should pay special attention (注意) to the most important things about it. Do not allow other thoughts to go into your mind because this will stop you from making right memories. An excellent way to help memory is to remember information with pictures. Try to see the pictures in your mind. Taking notes and keeping a diary will also be helpful.
Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are needed for your memory to work well. Drinking a lot of water also helps keep your memory. You must allow your brain to have enough sleep and rest. When you are asleep, your brain saves memory. Not enough sleep can cause problems. And being tired will also stop you from being able to think clearly.
To keep your mind on your work, you must be free from worry.
Title How to 21 Your Memory Better
Main 22 Looking 23 your health well in a special way.
Other ways Making yourself excited to make your memory more active by 24 some new activities and changing your daily habits.
Paying attention to the most 25 things to 26 right memories.
Remember information with the 27 .
Taking notes and keeping 28 .
Eating 29 food and taking plenty of vitamins.
Drinking a lot of water.
Having 30 sleep and rest.
6
请阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词。并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。
Robert is fifteen now. Two and a half years ago he came to the city and began to study in a middle school. He studies hard and gets on well with his classmates. And he often helps his friends do their lessons. The headmaster in the school was born in a rich family. He is not kind to Robert and does his best to make excuses to punish (惩罚) Robert because he thought Robert comes from a poor family in the village. The boy knows it well and always does something carefully against (提防) his headmaster.
One afternoon all the students went to have lunch and Robert bought a piece of bread. He was reading a book under a big tree while a dog was standing near him. At that moment the headmaster came out and saw it. He became angry and said, “Don’t you know we don’t allow anyone to keep dogs in the school ” “Yes, I do. sir.” said the boy.
“Why have you brought your dog to school then.”
“It isn’t my dog.” said the boy.
“Why is it following you ”
“You’re following me now, sir.” said the boy, “Can you say you are mine ”
Robert is fifteen. He is in Grade Nine now. He studies hard and his classmates are very 31 to him. And he often helps his friends 32 their lessons. But as he was 33 in a poor family in the village, the headmaster from a rich family is bad to him and does what he can do to punish him. One day in the 34 all the students went for lunch and Robert bought a piece of bread, reading a book under a tree. At the moment a dog was standing near him. The headmaster saw this. He became angry and wanted to 35 Robert harshly (严厉地), but he failed that day again.
7
阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成表格中所缺的信息。
There are many ways you can use to improve your learning ability. Here are some of them.
Take notes by hand. Research shows it can help you learn more effectively (有效地). Write down important information in your own words. Write in phrases (短语) instead of complete sentences so you can still pay attention and won’t waste time on every word.
Repeat what you want to remember out loud. It can help information stick (粘贴) in your mind. As you review or study information, use your own speech to add an active element (要素) to a word or phrase. Say something you really want to remember out loud. It can help it become clearer in your long-term memory.
Test yourself as often as you can. It’s a great way to find out what you need to learn. Look through the information you’re trying to learn and ask yourself questions about the material. If you answer correctly, great! If not, find the right answer and try to remember it.
Practice a task in different ways. Changing the way you practice can help you improve. If you’re trying to learn a task or skill, practice is one of the most useful ways to get better. But don’t just practice in the same way over and over. Instead, try practicing in a different way each time, which can help make you learn more quickly.
How to Improve Your Learning Ability
Take notes by hand. *It can help you learn more effectively. *When taking notes, you should write in phrases instead of complete 36 .
Repeat what you want to remember out loud. *It can help you remember something for a long time. *It can help something you really want to remember become 37 in your long-term memory.
38 yourself as often as you can. *You can find out what you need to learn by doing this. *Ask yourself 39 when you look through the information you are learning.
Practice a task in different ways. When you learn a task or skill, practicing in different ways can help you become better and learn more 40 .
8
请阅读下面短文，在表格中的横线上填入与文章意思最相符的内容，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。
Wait! Don’t throw away that cardboard box (纸箱)!
Most people think cardboard boxes are just junk, but they are wrong certainly. Cardboard boxes are much more than that. They can be just about anything you like! All you have to do is use your imagination.
A small cardboard box makes a great jewelry (首饰) box. First, cut a small box in half. This will allow it to open and close like a jewelry box. Next, soften (使柔软) the inside with felt (a kind of soft cloth). This will make a nice place for your jewelry to sit. Then you can cover the outside of the box with a cloth. This will give it a better appearance.
A medium cardboard box makes a great basketball hoop (篮筐). First, cut the top and bottom out of the box. Second, fix the box to a tree or a wall inside your house. You can now shoot hoops at home.
A large cardboard box makes a great house. First, cut the top and bottom out of the cardboard box. Next, glue them together and make sure that they cover the top of the box. Then, cut a small “door” in the front of the box. This will be a great house tor your pet, won’t it
Making things out of cardboard boxes brings a lot of fun. Best of all, it’s completely free! You can find cardboard boxes just about anywhere!
Most people think cardboard boxes are just junk. However, cardboard boxes are 41 much more than junk. A small cardboard box can be made into a great jewelry box. First, cut a small box in half. Next, put some felt 42 the box to make a soft place for your jewelry. Then make its outside look better with a cloth. A cardboard box of medium size makes a great basketball hoop. First, cut out the top and bottom of the box. Second, 43 the box to a tree or a wall inside your house. A large cardboard box makes a great house. First, cut the top and bottom out of the cardboard box. Next, make them 44 with glue. Then, cut a small “door” in the front of the box. It’s 45 to make things out of cardboard boxes. And it’s completely free!
9
阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容, 完成下列各题。
Yu Min, a famous Chinese nuclear physicist, was known as the “Father of China’s Hydrogen Bomb (氢弹)”
Yu Min was born in Tianjin in 1926. When he was in high school, he was an excellent student. Later, he studied in Peking University.
In 1951, he became a researcher and began to study nuclear physics. In 1965, he started to work at the 9th Research Institute. He solved a lot of problems of the hydrogen bomb. His research helped China test the first hydrogen bomb successfully in 1967 test. Yu Min was a pioneer of many research projects. However, his name remained the top secret of China until 1988. Even his wife didn’t know what he really did in those years.
“Whenever the nation needs me, I’ll do my best,” Yu Min said. Because of hard work, Yu Min’s rest time for many years was only about six hours a day. Although Yu Min was a great physicist, he was interested in Chinese history, classical literature and Beijing Opera. He especially liked ancient poems. They helped him complete the six hours of sleep.
Yu Min passed away at the age of 93 in Beijing on January 16, 2019. In September of the same year, he was awarded the “Medal of the Republic”.
46．Where was Yu Min born
He was born in .
47．When did China test the first hydrogen bomb successfully
China tested the first hydrogen bomb successfully.
48．Which English word in the passage means “虽然”
It’s “ ”.
49．What does the underlined word “They” refer to
It refers to .
50．What do you think of Yu Min
He was .
10
Bullying (欺凌) sometimes happens at school. It can make you feel scared and lonely.
No one should be made to feel like this, and it is important to tell your teachers or parents and get their help if you’re being bullied at school.
What is bullying
Bullying is when someone upsets (使生气) you on purpose, either by what they say or by what they do. Bullying is different from just having an argument with someone or falling out with one of your friends because bullies aim to hurt you again and again.
Types of bullying
There are different types of bullying and these include:
Physical
A bully might hurt you regularly by hitting you, kicking you, spitting at you, throwing stones at you or pushing you.
Verbal (口头的)
Bullies can hurt you with the words they use. They might say unkind things to you or about you, talk about you behind your back or tell lies about pared with physical bullying, it’s easier to make you feel uncomfortable when you are being bullied.
Cyberbullying (网络欺凌)
Now more and more students are using the Internet. Cyberbullying is through a mobile phone or online—sending unkind messages, videos or photos to upset or hurt someone.
Other behavior
Bullying behavior can also include:
√ Staring or giving “dirty looks”
√ Hiding or taking your things
√ Deliberately (故意地) leaving you out
Bullying is wrong and no one should be bullied. When bullying happens, you should try to prevent it from hurting you. If you are being bullied or you are worried about someone being bullied, tell a teacher or talk to your parents.
You can also ring Childline (0800111) if you feel that there is no one you can trust to speak to.
根据上面短文内容填空。
51．Bullying can make you . and getting their help are important if you are being bullied at school.
52．There are some between bullying and arguments because the aim of bullying is again and again.
53．Bullies can hurt you with pared with physical bullying, it may have more difficulty in when being bullied.
54．Now the Internet is used. Some students use mobile phone or the Internet to , videos or photos to upset or hurt someone.
55．There are types of bullying mentioned in this article. When bullying happens, you should try to getting hurt.
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案：
1．They protect themselves by wearing face masks./By wearing face masks. 2．At least 100 years. 3．Because a countless number of wasted masks have ended up in the sea. 4．No, they aren’t./No. 5．The writer wants to tell people to deal with the wasted masks properly.
【导语】本文主要介绍了废弃口罩所造成的危害。
1．根据“People have found a way to protect themselves by wearing face masks.”可知人们在疫情爆发期间通过戴口罩来保护自己。故填They protect themselves by wearing face masks./By wearing face masks.
2．根据“It will take at least 100 years for them to degrade naturally.”可知口罩需要至少100年才能自然降解。故填At least 100 years.
3．根据“Environmentalists become quite worried because a countless number of wasted masks have ended up in the sea!”可知环保主义者变得担心是因为无数废弃的口罩最终落到了海里。故填Because a countless number of wasted masks have ended up in the sea.
4．根据“If the sea animals eat them by mistake, the rubbish will be hard to digest(消化) and stay in their stomachs forever.”可知如果动物误食了它们，垃圾将很难消化并永远留在它们肚子里。故填No, they aren’t./No.
5．通读全文可知，作者主要介绍了口罩造成的危害，可以推断出作者写这篇文章是为了呼吁人们正确处理废弃口罩，保护环境。故填The writer wants to tell people to deal with the wasted masks properly.
6．Four. 7．Fruits, vegetables, fish and eggs. 8．Enough sleep. 9．Yes. 10．How to have healthy eyes./How to look after eyes properly.
【导语】本文主要介绍了四种保护眼睛的方法。
6．根据文章内容“First…Second…Next…Last”可知作者共写了四条建议。故填Four.
7．根据“Eat more fruits, vegetables, fish and eggs. It’s good for your eyes.”可知蔬菜、水果、鱼肉和鸡蛋对眼睛有好处。故填Fruits, vegetables, fish and eggs.
8．根据“Enough sleep can help the body repair its tired tissue.”可知足够的睡眠可以帮助身体修复疲惫的组织。故填Enough sleep.
9．根据“Next, it’s necessary for you to exercise your eyes every day.”可知我们需要锻炼眼睛。因此用肯定回答。故填Yes.
10．阅读文章内容结合第一段“However, to have healthy eyes, you have to look after them properly. Your eyes need attention every day.”可知本文主要讲了如何保护我们的眼睛。故填How to have healthy eyes./How to look after eyes properly.
11．(It is) 12 meters. 12．By scanning their hands. 13．Because there are some cameras on the bus. 14．No, it doesn’t./No. 15．The Panda Bus.
【导语】本文主要介绍了熊猫巴士的功能和特点，它收到人们的广泛欢迎。
11．根据“There are 23 seats on the 12-meter long bus.”可知，熊猫巴士12米长。故填(It is) 12 meters.
12．根据“They can buy tickets just by scanning（扫描）their hands. In this way, people can also buy drinks and food on the bus.”可知，通过扫描手掌，人们可以买食物和饮料。故填By scanning their hands.
13．根据“There are also some cameras on the bus ... So, it’s safe”可知，车上有一些摄像头，所以人们可以安全乘车。故填Because there are some cameras on the bus.
14．根据“And it usually runs a little slower than other buses.”可知，它相对来说开得较慢，答案是否定的。故填No, it doesn’t./No.
15．全文主要介绍了熊猫巴士的功能和特点等，围绕熊猫巴士展开。故填The Panda Bus.
16．Disabled people./Blind people./Deaf people./The disabled./The deaf./The blind. 17．Help them cross the road./Cross the road. 18．It takes months or years./Months or years. 19．They enjoy helping people./They are helpful./They help people. 20．Good./Special./Helpful./Meaningful./Useful.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了服务犬的有关情况，比如对患疾病人的作用、训练方法和时长等。
16．根据“Who can own a service dog Disabled people can. For example, a person may be blind or deaf.”可知，谁可以养一只服务犬？残疾人可以，例如盲人或聋人。故填Disabled people./Blind people./Deaf people./The disabled./The deaf./The blind.
17．根据“they can help blind owners cross the road”可知，他们可以帮助盲人过马路。故填Help them cross the road./Cross the road.
18．根据“The training takes months or years.”可知，训练需要数月或者数年。故填It takes months or years./Months or years.
19．根据“They enjoy helping people!”可知，它们喜欢帮助别人。故填They enjoy helping people./They are helpful./They help people.
20．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为Good./Special./Helpful./Meaningful./Useful.
21．Improve 22．ways 23．after 24．doing 25．important 26．make 27．pictures 28．diaries 29．healthy 30．enough
【导语】 本文主要介绍了如何提高记忆力，包括注意健康、做新活动、关注重点、用图片记忆、记笔记、吃健康食物、多喝水以及保证充足睡眠等多种方法。
21．根据“There are many things you can do to make your memory (记忆力) better.”可知，文章主要介绍了如何让记忆力变得更好，即提高记忆力，improve“提高”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。标题首字母大写，故填Improve。
22．根据“Among them are many kinds of useful ways as well as taking special care of your health.”可知，此处讲提高记忆力的主要方法，way“方法”，可数名词，根据“many kinds of”可知，此处用复数形式。故填ways。
23．根据“Among them are many kinds of useful ways as well as taking special care of your health.”可知，提高记忆力的主要方法之一是以特殊的方式照顾健康，look after“照顾”，介词短语作状语。故填after。
24．根据“It is important that you make yourself excited to make your memory more active. You can do this by doing some new activities and by changing your daily habits (习惯).”可知，让自己兴奋起来让记忆力更活跃的方法是做一些新活动和改变日常习惯，by是介词，后接动名词。故填doing。
25．根据“When trying to remember something, you should pay special attention (注意) to the most important things about it.”可知，在记忆某件事时，应该特别注意它最重要的事情，important“重要的”，形容词作定语。故填important。
26．根据“Do not allow other thoughts to go into your mind because this will stop you from making right memories.”可知，不要让其他想法进入你的大脑，因为这会阻止你形成正确的记忆，make“形成”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填make。
27．根据“An excellent way to help memory is to remember information with pictures.”可知，帮助记忆的一个好方法是用图片记忆信息，picture“图片”，可数名词，根据句意可知，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填pictures。
28．根据“Taking notes and keeping a diary will also be helpful.”可知，记笔记和写日记也会有帮助，diary“日记”，可数名词，根据“Taking notes and”可知，此处用复数形式与taking notes并列。故填diaries。
29．根据“Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are needed for your memory to work well.”可知，健康的食物和大量的维生素对记忆力的良好运转是必需的，healthy“健康的”，形容词作定语。故填healthy。
30．根据“You must allow your brain to have enough sleep and rest.”可知，你必须让你的大脑有足够的睡眠和休息，enough“足够的”，形容词作定语。故填enough。
31．friendly 32．with 33．born 34．afternoon 35．punish
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了15岁的罗伯特在学校努力学习且与同学相处融洽，但因校长出身富裕家庭而对来自农村贫困家庭的他不友善并经常找借口惩罚他，一次罗伯特在树下看书时，校长因一只狗在他身边而想再次惩罚他，却被罗伯特巧妙应对的故事。
31．根据“He studies hard and gets on well with his classmates.”可知，他的同学对他很友好，be friendly to sb.是固定短语，故填friendly。
32．根据“And he often helps his friends do their lessons.”可知，他经常帮助他的朋友做功课，help sb. with sth.是固定短语，故填with。
33．根据“He is not kind to Robert and does his best to make excuses to punish (惩罚) Robert because he thought Robert comes from a poor family in the village.”可知，罗伯特出生在一个贫困家庭，be born in是固定短语，故填born。
34．根据“One afternoon all the students went to have lunch and Robert bought a piece of bread.”可知，是在下午，in the afternoon是固定短语，故填afternoon。
35．根据“He is not kind to Robert and does his best to make excuses to punish (惩罚) Robert”“He became angry and said, ‘Don’t you know we don’t allow anyone to keep dogs in the school ’”以及后面罗伯特与校长的对话可知，校长想严厉地惩罚罗伯特，故填punish。
36．sentences 37．clearer 38．Test 39．questions 40．quickly
【导语】本文介绍了提高学习能力的策略。
36．根据“Write in phrases (短语) instead of complete sentences so you can still pay attention and won’t waste time on every word.”可知，记笔记时应写短语而不是完整的句子。故填sentences。
37．根据“Repeat what you want to remember out loud...It can help it become clearer in your long-term memory.”可知，大声重复可以让记忆变得更清晰。故填clearer。
38．根据“Test yourself as often as you can.”可知，要经常测试自己。故填Test。
39．根据“Look through the information you’re trying to learn and ask yourself questions about the material.”可知，当你浏览你正在学习的信息时，问自己一些问题。故填questions。
40．根据“Instead, try practicing in a different way each time, which can help make you learn more quickly.”可知，当你学习一项任务或技能时，用不同的方法练习可以帮助你变得更好，学得更快。故填quickly。
41．really 42．inside 43．fix 44．together 45．fun
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何将纸箱变废为宝。
41．根据“Most people think cardboard boxes are just junk, but they are wrong certainly. Cardboard boxes are much more than that.”可知，纸箱不仅仅是垃圾。really“真正地，事实上”。故填really。
42．根据“Next, soften (使柔软) the inside with felt (a kind of soft cloth).”可知，接下来，在盒子里放柔软的布。“在……里面”。故填inside。
43．根据“Second, fix the box to a tree or a wall inside your house.”可知，第二，把盒子固定在家里的树上或墙上。fix … to“将……固定到……”。故填fix。
44．根据“Next, glue them together and make sure that they cover the top of the box.”可知，用胶水把它们粘在一起。together“一起”。故填together。
45．根据“Making things out of cardboard boxes brings a lot of fun.”可知，用纸箱做东西很有趣。fun“趣味，有趣的”。故填fun。
46．Tianjin 47．In 1967 48．although 49．ancient poems 50．outstanding/excellent/great（答案不唯一，合理即可）。
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国著名的核物理学家于敏，被誉为“中国氢弹之父”。
46．根据“Yu Min was born in Tianjin in 1926.”可知，于敏出生于天津。故填Tianjin。
47．根据“His research helped China test the first hydrogen bomb successfully in 1967 test”可知，中国在1967年成功试爆了第一颗氢弹。故填In 1967。
48．根据“Although Yu Min was a great physicist, he was interested in Chinese history, classical literature and Beijing Opera.”可知，虽然于敏是一位伟大的物理学家，但他对中国历史、古典文学和京剧很感兴趣。although意为“然而；虽然”，表示让步关系。故填although。
49．根据“He especially liked ancient poems. They helped him complete the six hours of sleep.”可知，they指代前文提到的“ancient poems”，即古诗。故填ancient poems。
50．根据全文内容，尤其是“Yu Min, a famous Chinese nuclear physicist, was known as the ‘Father of China’s Hydrogen Bomb (氢弹)’”、“Because of hard work, Yu Min’s rest time for many years was only about six hours a day.”和“In September of the same year, he was awarded the ‘Medal of the Republic’.”可知，于敏是一位伟大的核物理学家，他为国家做出了巨大贡献，被授予共和国勋章，因此，可以认为他是一个“杰出的/优秀的/伟大的”核物理学家。故填outstanding/excellent/great（答案不唯一，合理即可）。
51． feel scared and lonely Telling your teachers or parents 52． differences to hurt you/to make you get hurt 53． they say making you feel comfortable 54． more widely/widely send unkind messages 55． 6/six avoid yourself from/prevent yourself from/stop yourself from/protect yourself from
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了校园欺凌的相关内容，包括欺凌的定义、类型以及应对方法。
51．根据“It can make you feel scared and lonely.”以及“it is important to tell your teachers or parents and get their help if you’re being bullied at school.”可知，欺凌会让人感到害怕和孤独，如果在学校被欺凌，告诉老师或父母并获得他们的帮助是很重要的，故填feel scared and lonely；Telling your teachers or parents。
52．根据“Bullying is different from just having an argument with someone or falling out with one of your friends because bullies aim to hurt you again and again.”可知，欺凌和争吵是有区别的，因为欺凌的目的是一次又一次地伤害你，故填differences；to hurt you/to make you get hurt。
53．根据“Bullies can hurt you with the words they use.”以及“Compared with physical bullying, it’s easier to make you feel uncomfortable when you are being bullied.”可知，欺凌者会用他们说的话伤害你，与身体欺凌相比，言语欺凌更难让人感到舒服，故填they say；making you feel comfortable。
54．根据“Now more and more students are using the Internet.”以及“Cyberbullying is through a mobile phone or online—sending unkind messages, videos or photos to upset or hurt someone.”可知，互联网被越来越广泛地使用，一些学生通过手机或互联网发送不友好的信息、视频或照片来伤害他人，故填(more) widely；send unkind messages。
55．根据短文内容可知，提到了身体欺凌、言语欺凌、网络欺凌以及其他行为（包括盯着看、藏东西或拿东西、故意孤立）共6种欺凌类型；根据“When bullying happens, you should try to prevent it from hurting you.”可知，当欺凌发生时，应该尽量避免受到伤害，故填avoid/prevent/stop/protect yourself from。
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题型过关第4讲 任务型阅读理解
任务型阅读
任务型阅读是一种读写结合的题型是介于阅读理解与书面表达之间的一种题型。它要求学生
在阅读文章后能对文章中某些细节做到准确把握或对整篇文章进行提炼概括，材料后的题目
设计难度并不很大，但是学生在实际做题过程中，经常会犯一些错误，导致不必要的失分。
解题方法
●Step1:先读任务，确阅读目标
做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么
。带着任务去阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数
●有针对性地去读，并能提高阅读效率
Step2:通读全文，了解大意(泛读)
●Step3:研读细节，逐题攻克
●寻找细节，从原文中找答案(简单题)。适用于较简单的题目，一般可以从原文中直接找到答案
精读细节，理解深层含义(难题)
对于细节考察题要采取“扫读"和“跳读”相结合的方式，对文章中的关键信息进行
推理，理解深层含义
Step4:核对答案，养成习惯
答题注意
●1.能简则简，答出要点
2.规范书写，便于阅卷
.3.适当调整，人称时态
牢记:要想出色的完成任务型阅读题，不仅需要在考场上运用各种解题技巧，而且还需要在
平时课内外加大阅读的训练量、扩充词汇量
1
Since the outbreak(爆发) of the pandemic(疫情), it has made its way around the world. It has a strong influence on our daily life. People have found a way to protect themselves by wearing face masks(口罩). We must wear masks anywhere in public. But the masks are onetime items. This means that we need to discard(去弃) them after one or two uses. The world has seen wasted masks strewn(散布在) all over the streets and filling up garbage bins(垃圾箱).
Experts have pointed out that the materials used in masks are difficult to degrade(降解). It will take at least 100 years for them to degrade naturally. Environmentalists become quite worried because a countless number of wasted masks have ended up in the sea! They are polluting the sea! The sea animals suffer(遭受) a lot and so do we humans. If the sea animals eat them by mistake, the rubbish will be hard to digest(消化) and stay in their stomachs forever. The bacteria on the masks may kill them too. They will not only largely influence the ecological balance(生态平衡) of the sea, but also can spread some more dangerous illnesses. People will also leave these harmful things in their own bodies and may become ill when eating these sea animals.
In general, the harm of wasted masks to the sea is serious, so we must take action to stop it in a proper way right now. We should leave them in a safe place and find a wise way to recycle them.
1．How do people protect themselves in the pandemic
2．How long will it take for the wasted masks to degrade naturally
3．Why do environmentalists become very worried
4．Are the wasted masks easy to digest in the sea animals’ stomachs
5．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
2
It is said that the eyes are the windows to our soul (灵魂). However, to have healthy eyes, you have to look after them properly. Your eyes need attention every day.
First, you have to pay more attention to your diet (饮食). Eat more fruits, vegetables, fish and eggs. It’s good for your eyes. Also, a regular amount of vitamins A and B2 should also be taken.
Second, you must have regular and enough sleep. This relaxes the eye muscles and gives them the rest they need. Enough sleep can help the body repair its tired tissue (组织). You should sleep for at least seven to eight hours every day. Not enough sleep can give you dark circles under your eyes.
Next, it’s necessary for you to exercise your eyes every day. Blink (眨眼) your eyes at regular periods to keep your eyes moist (湿润的).
Last, you should treat your eyes correctly. For example, if you get something in your eyes, don’t rubbing (揉) it. Rubbing is harmful to your eyes. Don’t read or write in poor or bright sunlight because sunlight can cause eye tiredness. Remember to use sunglasses to stop the sun from shining directly in your eyes. Too much reading, writing, watching television or working on a computer can also cause eye tiredness, so rest is required.
6．How many pieces of advice does the writer give
7．What kind of food is good for our eyes
8．What can help the body fix its tired tissue
9．Do you need to exercise your eyes according to the passage
10．What does the passage mainly talk about
3
The bus is a little different from other buses. It’s black and white, and has two black “cars” on the top, just like a giant panda（大熊猫）. The lights of the bus are its “eyes”. This is the popular Panda Bus in China. There are 23 seats on the 12-meter long bus.
The Panda Bus is popular not just because of its cute look. You can also find something cool when you get on it. First of all, it’s very easy for people to buy tickets. They don’t need to use their phones or bus cards like before. All they need are their hands. They can buy tickets just by scanning（扫描）their hands. In this way, people can also buy drinks and food on the bus. There is a vending machine（自动贩卖机）in the middle of the bus. Another surprise is the small computer on the back of each seat. People can choose to watch a movie on the way. How interesting! There are also some cameras on the bus. If someone steals things, these cameras will catch them. So, it’s safe and comfortable for people to take the bus. Most importantly, the bus is driverless（无人驾驶的）. It can stop at lights and park at the stop all by itself. It only needs someone to watch all the way just in case（以防万一）. And it usually runs a little slower than other buses.
By the end of 2021, there had been over ten cities in China having the Panda Bus, such as Tianjin, Shanghai and Jinan. Would you like to take such a bus to go to school
11．How long is the bus
12．How can people buy food and drinks on the bus
13．Why is it safe for people to take the bus
14．Does the bus run faster than other buses
15．What’s the passage mainly about
4
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题， 每个题目的答案不超过 5个单词。
Service dogs are very good because they are helpful. They are trained to help their owners. Who can own a service dog Disabled people can. For example, a person may be blind or deaf. Service dogs can do many things to help these people. For example, they can help blind owners cross the road.
Can any dog become a service dog In fact, many dogs can. Just remember service dogs should be healthy and friendly. Many organizations train the dogs. The training takes months or years. After this, the dogs are given to an owner.
Most public places let service dogs come in with their owners. The dogs can go into restaurants, banks and shops.
In my opinion, service dogs are more than just pets. They enjoy helping people!
16．Who can own a service dog
17．How can service dogs help blind owners in the passage
18．How long does it take to train a service doe
19．According to the writer, why are service dogs more than just pets
20．What do you think of service dogs
5
There are many things you can do to make your memory (记忆力) better. Among them are many kinds of useful ways as well as taking special care of your health.
It is important that you make yourself excited to make your memory more active. You can do this by doing some new activities and by changing your daily habits (习惯). Learning a new skill helps your brain (大脑) to develop. When trying to remember something, you should pay special attention (注意) to the most important things about it. Do not allow other thoughts to go into your mind because this will stop you from making right memories. An excellent way to help memory is to remember information with pictures. Try to see the pictures in your mind. Taking notes and keeping a diary will also be helpful.
Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are needed for your memory to work well. Drinking a lot of water also helps keep your memory. You must allow your brain to have enough sleep and rest. When you are asleep, your brain saves memory. Not enough sleep can cause problems. And being tired will also stop you from being able to think clearly.
To keep your mind on your work, you must be free from worry.
Title How to 21 Your Memory Better
Main 22 Looking 23 your health well in a special way.
Other ways Making yourself excited to make your memory more active by 24 some new activities and changing your daily habits.
Paying attention to the most 25 things to 26 right memories.
Remember information with the 27 .
Taking notes and keeping 28 .
Eating 29 food and taking plenty of vitamins.
Drinking a lot of water.
Having 30 sleep and rest.
6
请阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词。并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。
Robert is fifteen now. Two and a half years ago he came to the city and began to study in a middle school. He studies hard and gets on well with his classmates. And he often helps his friends do their lessons. The headmaster in the school was born in a rich family. He is not kind to Robert and does his best to make excuses to punish (惩罚) Robert because he thought Robert comes from a poor family in the village. The boy knows it well and always does something carefully against (提防) his headmaster.
One afternoon all the students went to have lunch and Robert bought a piece of bread. He was reading a book under a big tree while a dog was standing near him. At that moment the headmaster came out and saw it. He became angry and said, “Don’t you know we don’t allow anyone to keep dogs in the school ” “Yes, I do. sir.” said the boy.
“Why have you brought your dog to school then.”
“It isn’t my dog.” said the boy.
“Why is it following you ”
“You’re following me now, sir.” said the boy, “Can you say you are mine ”
Robert is fifteen. He is in Grade Nine now. He studies hard and his classmates are very 31 to him. And he often helps his friends 32 their lessons. But as he was 33 in a poor family in the village, the headmaster from a rich family is bad to him and does what he can do to punish him. One day in the 34 all the students went for lunch and Robert bought a piece of bread, reading a book under a tree. At the moment a dog was standing near him. The headmaster saw this. He became angry and wanted to 35 Robert harshly (严厉地), but he failed that day again.
7
阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成表格中所缺的信息。
There are many ways you can use to improve your learning ability. Here are some of them.
Take notes by hand. Research shows it can help you learn more effectively (有效地). Write down important information in your own words. Write in phrases (短语) instead of complete sentences so you can still pay attention and won’t waste time on every word.
Repeat what you want to remember out loud. It can help information stick (粘贴) in your mind. As you review or study information, use your own speech to add an active element (要素) to a word or phrase. Say something you really want to remember out loud. It can help it become clearer in your long-term memory.
Test yourself as often as you can. It’s a great way to find out what you need to learn. Look through the information you’re trying to learn and ask yourself questions about the material. If you answer correctly, great! If not, find the right answer and try to remember it.
Practice a task in different ways. Changing the way you practice can help you improve. If you’re trying to learn a task or skill, practice is one of the most useful ways to get better. But don’t just practice in the same way over and over. Instead, try practicing in a different way each time, which can help make you learn more quickly.
How to Improve Your Learning Ability
Take notes by hand. *It can help you learn more effectively. *When taking notes, you should write in phrases instead of complete 36 .
Repeat what you want to remember out loud. *It can help you remember something for a long time. *It can help something you really want to remember become 37 in your long-term memory.
38 yourself as often as you can. *You can find out what you need to learn by doing this. *Ask yourself 39 when you look through the information you are learning.
Practice a task in different ways. When you learn a task or skill, practicing in different ways can help you become better and learn more 40 .
8
请阅读下面短文，在表格中的横线上填入与文章意思最相符的内容，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。
Wait! Don’t throw away that cardboard box (纸箱)!
Most people think cardboard boxes are just junk, but they are wrong certainly. Cardboard boxes are much more than that. They can be just about anything you like! All you have to do is use your imagination.
A small cardboard box makes a great jewelry (首饰) box. First, cut a small box in half. This will allow it to open and close like a jewelry box. Next, soften (使柔软) the inside with felt (a kind of soft cloth). This will make a nice place for your jewelry to sit. Then you can cover the outside of the box with a cloth. This will give it a better appearance.
A medium cardboard box makes a great basketball hoop (篮筐). First, cut the top and bottom out of the box. Second, fix the box to a tree or a wall inside your house. You can now shoot hoops at home.
A large cardboard box makes a great house. First, cut the top and bottom out of the cardboard box. Next, glue them together and make sure that they cover the top of the box. Then, cut a small “door” in the front of the box. This will be a great house tor your pet, won’t it
Making things out of cardboard boxes brings a lot of fun. Best of all, it’s completely free! You can find cardboard boxes just about anywhere!
Most people think cardboard boxes are just junk. However, cardboard boxes are 41 much more than junk. A small cardboard box can be made into a great jewelry box. First, cut a small box in half. Next, put some felt 42 the box to make a soft place for your jewelry. Then make its outside look better with a cloth. A cardboard box of medium size makes a great basketball hoop. First, cut out the top and bottom of the box. Second, 43 the box to a tree or a wall inside your house. A large cardboard box makes a great house. First, cut the top and bottom out of the cardboard box. Next, make them 44 with glue. Then, cut a small “door” in the front of the box. It’s 45 to make things out of cardboard boxes. And it’s completely free!
9
阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容, 完成下列各题。
Yu Min, a famous Chinese nuclear physicist, was known as the “Father of China’s Hydrogen Bomb (氢弹)”
Yu Min was born in Tianjin in 1926. When he was in high school, he was an excellent student. Later, he studied in Peking University.
In 1951, he became a researcher and began to study nuclear physics. In 1965, he started to work at the 9th Research Institute. He solved a lot of problems of the hydrogen bomb. His research helped China test the first hydrogen bomb successfully in 1967 test. Yu Min was a pioneer of many research projects. However, his name remained the top secret of China until 1988. Even his wife didn’t know what he really did in those years.
“Whenever the nation needs me, I’ll do my best,” Yu Min said. Because of hard work, Yu Min’s rest time for many years was only about six hours a day. Although Yu Min was a great physicist, he was interested in Chinese history, classical literature and Beijing Opera. He especially liked ancient poems. They helped him complete the six hours of sleep.
Yu Min passed away at the age of 93 in Beijing on January 16, 2019. In September of the same year, he was awarded the “Medal of the Republic”.
46．Where was Yu Min born
He was born in .
47．When did China test the first hydrogen bomb successfully
China tested the first hydrogen bomb successfully.
48．Which English word in the passage means “虽然”
It’s “ ”.
49．What does the underlined word “They” refer to
It refers to .
50．What do you think of Yu Min
He was .
10
Bullying (欺凌) sometimes happens at school. It can make you feel scared and lonely.
No one should be made to feel like this, and it is important to tell your teachers or parents and get their help if you’re being bullied at school.
What is bullying
Bullying is when someone upsets (使生气) you on purpose, either by what they say or by what they do. Bullying is different from just having an argument with someone or falling out with one of your friends because bullies aim to hurt you again and again.
Types of bullying
There are different types of bullying and these include:
Physical
A bully might hurt you regularly by hitting you, kicking you, spitting at you, throwing stones at you or pushing you.
Verbal (口头的)
Bullies can hurt you with the words they use. They might say unkind things to you or about you, talk about you behind your back or tell lies about pared with physical bullying, it’s easier to make you feel uncomfortable when you are being bullied.
Cyberbullying (网络欺凌)
Now more and more students are using the Internet. Cyberbullying is through a mobile phone or online—sending unkind messages, videos or photos to upset or hurt someone.
Other behavior
Bullying behavior can also include:
√ Staring or giving “dirty looks”
√ Hiding or taking your things
√ Deliberately (故意地) leaving you out
Bullying is wrong and no one should be bullied. When bullying happens, you should try to prevent it from hurting you. If you are being bullied or you are worried about someone being bullied, tell a teacher or talk to your parents.
You can also ring Childline (0800111) if you feel that there is no one you can trust to speak to.
根据上面短文内容填空。
51．Bullying can make you . and getting their help are important if you are being bullied at school.
52．There are some between bullying and arguments because the aim of bullying is again and again.
53．Bullies can hurt you with pared with physical bullying, it may have more difficulty in when being bullied.
54．Now the Internet is used. Some students use mobile phone or the Internet to , videos or photos to upset or hurt someone.
55．There are types of bullying mentioned in this article. When bullying happens, you should try to getting hurt.
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