人教版（2019）必修第二册Unit 4 History and traditions课时优化训练（共4份，含答案）

Unit 4 History and Traditions Reading and Thinking—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1． Benito Juarez, a poor Indian boy, was twelve years old when he left his village home in December 1818. Benito walked forty-one miles to the city of Oaxaca, high in the mountains of Mexico. When he heard the Spanish spoken by the city people, Benito didn't know what they were saying.
First, Benito became a servant for a wealthy gentleman, Serer Maza. Soon, he went to work for Antonio Salanueva, a church(教会) librarian Antonio repaired and copied the library books, keeping them in good shape. Benito became his helper and his housekeeper. Antonio loved to teach Benito soon became his student as well as his servant. With the help of Antonio, Benito learned to speak, read, and write Spanish.
At that time in Mexico, many people believed that Indians were not smart enough to read or learn. Antonio knew that was not true Indians had been prevented from learning by a lack of schools. The first Danish missionaries(传教士) came to Mexico had educated the native people. In fact, churches from Spain had built the first college on the North American continent(大陆) for the Indians. As more Spanish came to Mexico, however, the Indian children were crowded out of the schools.
Benito was a good and bright student, so Antonio developed a plan for him. In 1821, when Benito was fifteen, Antonio decided to enroll him in a school for boys. Antonio taught Benito what he needed to pass the entrance test for the school.
Benito became a student at the college. His studies were difficult, and he was teased because he was the only Indian student there. He succeeded in spite of these challenges. Later, as the laws changed, Benito was able to attend a public college with other Indians.
Benito Juarez continued his education and became a lawyer and, much later, the President of Mexico from 1861 to 1872. He led the Mexican people to victory over the French, who tried to rule Mexico, and fought for the rights of Indians. He is one of the great heroes in Mexican history.
1.When Benito first arrived in the city of Oaxaca, he _______.
A.lost touch with his family
B.got the language problem
C.studied in a church library
D.lived in the mountain
2.According to the passage, Antonio was a _______.
A. good teacher
B. rich gentleman
C. strict housekeeper
D. helpful villager
3.In Mexico, many Indian children couldn't get an education, because _______.
A.they were less smart
B.there were not enough schools
C.there were too many native people
D.they were too poor to go to school
4.What is probably the best title of the passage
A.A young student in Mexico.
B.Fighting for the rights.
C.A bright Mexican educator.
D.Born to be a servant.
2．Help Hermit Crabs
Hermit crabs are nature's recyclers. They eat waste and help keep oceans and shores clean. Unlike other crabs, the hermit crab has a thin outer shell over its soft tail. This makes the hermit crab easy prey for hungry predators(天敌). Hermit crabs stay safe by living in old seashells. A hermit crab is picky(狡滑); it tries on many shells until it finds one that fits just right. In recent years, however, many hermit crabs have had trouble finding their perfect homes. What is the problems There are not enough shells to go around!
One reason for the seashell shortage is that ocean water is not as clean as it once was. This has caused chemical changes to sea water. Some sea animals, like snails, are affected by these changes. Now there are fewer snails making shells. People visiting the beach often take shells home as souvenirs(纪念品). This is another problem. Other people even take shells for their own pet hermit crabs! They do not realize that hermit crabs in the wild need those shells too.
Now people are working to solve this hermit crab housing shortage. They are teaching beach-Boers to leave seashells where they belong—at the seashore! Some people even make fake seashells that they hope the hermit crabs will like. For example, a group called Project Shelter invited people who visited their website to create different designs for hermit crab shells.
These designers had a lot to consider. What kind of material should be used to build seashells. The material must be light enough for the hermit crab to carry, but strong enough to protect the crab from predators. The man-made shells could not contain glue or any other substance(物质) that might harm a hermit crab. Another challenge with building a hermit crab home was the opening to the shell. Too big would mean the crab would not feel safe. Too small would be uncomfortable, and the crab would not want to move in.
The Project Shelter shells are placed in the wild for hermit crabs to find. Lucky hermit crabs can move into these new dream homes.
1.Where can hermit crabs stay safe
A.In different old seashells.
B.Behind the waste they'll eat.
C.In their own thin outer shells.
D.Under the stones at the seashore.
2.What does the underlined word "fake" in Para. 3 mean
A. man-made
B. perfect
C. hard
D. comfortable
3.What is the passage mainly about
A.The Project Shelter Group.
B.The shortage of the seashell.
C.New homes for hermit crabs.
D.The recyclers of the nature.
3．Do you know an exciting computer game that is also educational Malmo Software has four new games that will surprise you.
Space Pirate
It lets you go through the Galaxy (银河系）on your own starship. You will find interesting stars and learn science along the way.
Crazy Cooking
In Crazy Cooking, you can choose meat and vegetables, cook them in your video kitchen and ask your friends to eat with you. At the same time, you will learn math by working with lots of numbers and measurements (尺寸）.
Time Machine
It lets you go back to any time in history to see what it was like. You can find out almost all things you want to know. You can meet George Washington or study a map with Columbus.
Word Search
It takes you on a trip through the English language — where it began, who started it, and why something is different now. On your trip, you will learn new words and spellings.
Each of these new games comes on CD-ROM and costs only $ 15. 95. Or you can get all four games for only $ 50. These are the best new games! They will give you lots of fun，and you’ll learn many things from them. So don’t wait! Go to the shop now!
1. According to the passage, what can you learn by playing Crazy Cooking
A. Science. B. Math.
C. English. D. Geography.
2. How much do you need to pay if you want to buy two games
A. $ 50. B. $ 31.9.
C. $ 25. D. $ 15.95.
3. Why did the author write the passage
A. To talk about computer games.
B. To tell readers how CD-ROM games work.
C. To ask readers to buy computer games.
D. To help readers play computer games.
4. The passage is probably from a .
A. newspaper B. dictionary
C. storybook D. diary
二、语法填空
4．Standing on the top of the mountain, we admired the _____(surround) scenery.
5．Due to its geographical _____(locate), Brazil has a fairly mild winter.
三、书面表达
6． 结合课文主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇50词 左右的短文
1.随着高考的结束，有很多同学想去旅游来开拓自己的视野(broaden one's horizons)。
2.如果想玩得更好(have a better trip)，旅行顺利(make your trip smooth)，你最好提前(ahead of time)做好准备。
3.可以上网(surf the Internet)查阅当地的历史传统和风俗习惯(local history and custom)，以及(as well as)当地有名的小吃。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：1-4 BABA
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句When he heard the Spanish spoken by the city people, Benito didn't know what they were saying.可知，当贝尼托第一次抵达城市瓦哈卡时，他遇到了语言问題。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中Antonio repaired and copied the library books, keeping them in good shape With the help of Antonio, Benito learned to speak, read, and write Spanish.和第四段Antonio decided to enroll him in a school for boys. Antonio taught Benito what he needed to pass the entrance test for the school.可知， 安东尼奥是一个好老师。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段中Indians had been prevented from learning by a lack of school.可知，在墨西哥，印度许多孩子不能接受教育，因为没有足够的学校。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Benito Juarez, a poor Indian boy, was twelve years old when he left his village home in December 1818.倒数第二段 Benito became a student at the college. His studies were difficult, and he was teased because he was the only Indian student there. He succeeded in spite of these challenges. Later, as the laws changed. Benito was able to attend a public college with other Indians.以及最后一段中Benito Juarez continued his education and became a lawyer and, much later, the President of Mexico from 1861 to 1872.可知，本文讲述了一个印第安学生在墨西哥求学的经历。 故选A。
2．答案：1-3 AAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中Hermit crabs stay safe by living in old seashtlls.可知，寄居蟹在不同的古老贝壳中安身。故选A。
2.词义猜测题。根据第三段中For example, a group called Project Shelter invited people who visited their website to create different designs for hermit crab shells. "例如，一个叫做 Project Shelter 的组织遨请访问过他们网站的人们为寄居蟹住的蟹壳创建不同的设计。"由此推知 Some people even make fake seashells that they hope the hermit crabs will like. "有些人甚至制作假贝壳，希望寄居蟹会喜欢。" "fake"的意思是"假的，人造的"。故选A。
3.主旨大意题。根据最后一段The Project Shelter shells are placed in the wild for hermit crabs to find. Lucky hermit crabs can move into these new dream homes.可知，本文讲述的是寄居蟹的新家。 故选C。
3．答案：BBCA
解析：1.B【命题意图】考查细节理解。
【解题思路】根据Crazy Cooking中的"At the same lime, you will learn math by working with lots of numbers and measurements (尺寸）"可知,通过玩这个游戏人们可以学习数学。故选B。
2.B【命题意图】考查简单计算。
【解题思路】根据最后一段中的"Each of these new games comes on CD-ROM and costs only $ 15. 95"可知，每个游戏的售价是 $ 15.95,那么两个则是$ 31.9。
3.C【命题意图】考查写作意图。
【解题思路】根据最后一段中的"They will give you lots of fun, and you'll learn many things from them. So don’t wait! Go to the shop now"可知，作者鼓励读者购买这几款游戏，故选C项。
4. A【命题意图】考查文幸出处。
【解题思路】这是推荐给读者游戏软件的文章，不可能出自字 典、故事书和日记,因此选A。
4．答案：surrounding
解析：考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的名词scenery,作定语,故用形容词surrounding。
5．答案：location
解析：考查名词。由设空处前面的形容词性物主代词its和形容词geographical可知此处应填名词location。
6．答案： As the end of the college entrance examination is approaching, more and more students want to travel in order to broaden their horizons. If you want to have a better trip and make your trip smooth, you'd better make preparations ahead of time. You can surf the Internet to study the local history and custom as well as famous snacks.
解析：Unit 4 History and Traditions Listening and Speaking—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1． Sailors used to speak of a "jack" when they meant a flag which was set near the bow of a sailing ship. The flag showed the country to which the ship belonged. The Union Jack became the flag of the United Kingdom. Australia's flag has the Union Jack in the top left-hand corner together with the stars of the Southern Cross. They have kept this small part of Britain on their flag because their country was first settled by people from Britain. Australia's flag is the same colour as the Union Jack—red, white and blue. The act of joining together is called a "union". The Union Jack was the name of the flag made when England, Scotland and Ireland joined together to make one country.
It all began in 1606, when England and Scotland joined together to become one nation. A flag was made using two crosses—one for the patron saint of each country, which means protector. Many centuries before, the English had taken St George as their patron saint. His emblem was a red cross on a white background. The Scottish patron saint was St Andrew. In memory of him, they used a white cross on a blue background. This cross was shaped like the letter "X". The new flag was a mixture of both flags with two sets of crosses.
When Ireland joined England and Scotland in 1801, another cross was added. St Patrick's cross of Ireland was red and also shaped like an "X". All three flags now made up the Union Jack.
(1).The Union Jack is the flag of _______.
A.the United Nations
B.Ireland
C.England and Scotland
D.the United Kingdom
(2).It is because _______ that Australia has the Union Jack in the top left-hand corner together with the stars of the Southern Cross.
A.the Union Jack was named when England, Scotland and Ireland joined together
B.people from Britain brought the flag of the United Kingdom to Australia
C.people from Britain settled in Australia first
D.the flag of the United Kingdom is colourful
(3).According to the text, which of the following statements is NOT true
A.St George was the English patron saint.
B.The Scottish had taken St Andrew as their patron saint.
C.St Patrick was the patron saint of Ireland, whose cross was red.
D.Ever since 1801, the British have taken Union Jack as their patron saint.
2． Ninety years ago a man named Howard Carter made a great find. But he didn't discover an unknown people group or a new plant. He found the resting place of a king.
People had seen signs of King Tutankhamun's tomb (坟墓) but had never found it. Finally, Carter's team discovered a set of steps that led down to some underground rooms. There Carter found the king's body and many of his treasures.
Carter recorded his first impression in his popular book, The Tomb of Tut-Ankh-Amen:
At first I could see nothing, the hot air coming from the room causing the candle light to flicker (闪烁), but later, as my eyes grew used to the light, details of the room within appeared slowly and clearly, strange animals and gold-everywhere the light of gold I was struck speechless with amazement, and when Lord Carnarvon, unable to stand the silence any longer, asked anxiously, "Can you see anything " it was all I could do to get out the words, "Yes, wonderful things."
B.C.The discovery has made King Tutankhamun, Tut for short, one of the best-remembered kings of Egypt. Tut became king when he was only 9 years old and ruled ancient Egypt from 1332 to 1323 B.C. No one is sure why, but he died suddenly before he turned 20. Because he died so young, there wasn't time to prepare a great tomb for him. So he ended up with a smaller tomb. Its small size was actually the reason why it stayed hidden for so long. And, Tut's tomb was not like other Egyptian kings'-it was not as damaged by time or robbers as other tombs. King Tut's tomb remains the best-kept royal (皇室的) tomb ever discovered. The discovery of this little tomb has helped people learn a great deal about ancient Egypt.
1. We can learn from Paragraphs l and 2 that _______.
A. Howard Carter found Tut's tomb in the 1930s
B. there were a lot of treasures in Tut's tomb
C. Howard Carter found Tut's tomb by accident
D. a new plant was found in Tut's tomb
2. How did Howard Carter feel when he first saw Tut's tomb
A. Calm.
B. Proud.
C. Disappointed.
D. Shocked.
3. What do we know about King Tut
A. He died of a strange disease.
B. He ruled Egypt for about nine years.
C. He is known to few people today.
D. He built his own tomb over a long time.
4. What's the text mainly about
A. King Tut's story.
B. How to find a tomb.
C. Howard Carter's achievements.
D. King Tut's tomb.
3． Nelson Mandela is respected and admired around the world. And to South Africans he is a superstar. He is a hero who shocked the world by fighting for peace between races, despite the 27 years he spent in the prison of the South Africa.
Mandela who won the nation's first all-race election after the fall of apartheid (种族隔离) in 1994, retired in 1999. But he remains as popular as ever. His popularity has inspired an entire national industry. His portrait (肖像) has appeared at many places, including on some goods. His face has appeared on a South African coin, and some business leaders hope to build a statue in this likeness. It would stand taller than New York's Statue of Liberty.
"His popularity is similar to that of John F. Kennedy in US or Winston Churchill in Britain, but few politicians in that times have achieved his level of admiration," said Tom Lodge, the Head of the political science department of the University of the Witwatersrand. "What a skilled performer Mandela has been throughout his political career! He's a very, very clever man."
However, he is far from perfect. Most articles for his birthday, which appeared in every chief South African newspaper on the day, briefly mentioned that Mandela did have his shortcomings.
Then they returned to their praise. "Through the ages, the human race has had its icons (偶像)-men and women who rose above ordinary people to inspire their generations,"
The Guardian said. "In our generation, the gods presented us with Nelson Mandela."
1. Mandela is a hero to South Africans because ________.
A. he's as popular as Kennedy and Churchill
B. he spent 27 years in prison
C. he's a great fighter against the racialism
D. he won the first all-race election
2. What can we learn about Mandela
A. He is not so popular as before.
B. His portrait has appeared on some goods.
C. He is the greatest politician in history.
D. He did not realize his own shortcomings.
3. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means ________.
A. Mandela is as great as a god
B. we are proud to live in Mandela's times
C. Mandela often gave presents to others
D. we are proud to know Mandela
4. Which can be the best title of the article
A. The Statue in South Africa
B. South Africa's White Racist Regime
C. Mandela, the Hero of South Africans
D. Mandela, Kennedy and Churchill
二、七选五
4． Riding a Mobike on the street, you might hear people speaking Chinese aloud. ①_______ After walking into a store, it's possible that you'll see Huawei smartphones on sale. This isn't referring to China, but Manchester, UK. ②_______ Indeed, Chinese products have gone global.
③_______ But to meet local people's tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes. "One example is the meat, "said Yin Hang, who is studying at the University of Wollongong in Australia." We like to eat meat with bones in, but people here don't. So Chinese restaurants provide big pieces of meat without bones, even fish."
④_______ "In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers," reported Reuters. "More than half of US-owned drones (无人机) are Chinese models," according to China Daily. They're not simply made in China, but designed and developed in the country.
In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly. ⑤_______ "For example, Huawei, one of China's major smartphone makers, overtook Apple in global smartphone sales for the first time in June and July last year," noted consulting firm Counterpoint Research.
A. Many Chinese brands (品牌) are also becoming more and more popular.
B. Chinese food has been enjoyed in Western countries for a long time.
C. "Made in China" has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands.
D. Meanwhile, international brands are still enjoying great success in China.
E. Turning to the right, you may see a Sichuan-style restaurant.
F. In fact, you might see similar scenes in many other cities around the world.
G. What is the biggest problem with many Chinese brands
5．Power of Words
The power of words is sometimes hard to understand. ① If you have goals and dreams in life, write them down and speak them out.
As an ancient Jewish proverb says "Your tongue has the power of life and death." That means that your words have power to finally cause things to happen, even life or death. ② For example, an encouraging word to someone who is down can lift them up and help them make it through the day. Words can have a powerful effect on your subconscious (潜意识的) brain. And it will in turn affect your life greatly.
Be very careful, because your words have destructive(破坏性的) power, too. You have probably heard of children being scolded by their parents and developing a bad self-image. Most kids have that experience. ③
④ It's not your parents, your past relationships, your job, the economy, the weather, and argument or your age that is to blame. You and only you are responsible for every decision you make.
We may all experience the power of words in our life, even when we were very young. ⑤ Encouraging words from our teacher or parents when we fail in the exam can make us work harder at our lessons, while blame or scolding will make things worse.
A.But an encouraging word can go quite a long way.
B.Everything you do is based on the choices you make.
C.You should try to be encouraged and think positively.
D.Your words are likely to bring out something amazing.
E.The familiar words can help us build up good relationships with others.
F.We all need positive words especially when being in trouble or needing help.
G.They say it is important to praise children 4 times for each negative word or scolding.
三、语法填空
6．The soldiers fought bravely in ______(defend) of their country.
7．It is _____(evidence) that the Confucian(儒家的) philosophy influenced a large number of ancient people.
参考答案
1．答案：(1)-(3) DCD
解析：(1).细节理解题。由首段第三句"The Union Jack became the flag of the United Kingdom."可知选D。
(2).细节理解题。首段中的"They have kept this small part of Britain on their flag because their country was first settled by people from Britain."道明了原因。
...the理解题。由第二段的第三句"...the English had taken St George as their patron saint."和第五句"The Scottish patron saint was St Andrew."可知A、B两项正确；由末段第二句"St Patrick's cross of Ireland was red and also shaped like an 'X'."可知C项也正确；而由第一段首句和末句可知"Union Jack"只是英国国旗的名称，不是人名，由第二段可知"patron saint"是由人来充当的，故D项错误。
2．答案：BDBD
解析：1.B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句There Carter found the king's body and many of his treasures.可知, 图坦卡蒙陵墓中有很多财宝。
2.D推理判断题。根据Carter在其书中的描述I was struck speechless with amazement可推知, Carter 看到这个坟墓的时候是很震惊的。
3.BB.C.题。根据Tut became king when he was only 9 years old and ruled ancient Egypt from 1332 to 1323 B.C.可知, Tut大约统治了古埃及九年。
4.D主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了图坦卡蒙陵墓的发现及意义。
3．答案：CBBC
解析：1.C细节理解题。根据第一段第三句中的He is a hero who shocked the world by fighting for peace between races可知曼德拉被南非人民热爱是因为他一生都在为争取和平、反对种族歧视奋斗。
2.B细节理解题。根据第二段第四句His portrait (肖像) has appeared at many places, including on some goods.可知他的肖像已经出现在许多地方, 包括一些商品上。
3.B推理判断题。本句 In our generation, the gods presented us with Nelson Mandela.字面意思是"在我们这一代, 上帝将Nelson Mandela赠给了我们"。因为Nelson Mandela是人类的英雄与偶像, 所以这句话的意思是"我们很自豪能生活在曼德拉时代", 故本题答案为B。
4.C主旨大意题。根据全文内容, 尤其是第一段中的Nelson Mandela is respected and admired around the world. And to South Africans he is a superstar. He is a hero who shocked the world by fighting for peace between races和最后一段可知, 纳尔逊·曼德拉在全世界都受到尊敬和钦佩, 对南非人来说, 他是一个英雄。
4．答案：EFBAC
解析：1.根据上文Riding a Mobike on the street, you might hear people speaking Chinese aloud.可知在街上骑摩拜单车, 你可能会听到人们大声说中文。根据下文After walking into a store, it's possible that you'll see Huawei smartphones on sale.可知本段列举了几种情况, 故选E。
2.根据下文Indeed, Chinese products have gone global.可知中国产品已经走向世界。因此上句应该是在许多其他国家见过类似的场景。
3.根据 But to meet local people's tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes.可知应该填与食物有关的内容。
4.根据"In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCI. televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers, "reported Reuters. "More than half of US-owned drones (无人机) are Chinese models," according to China Daily.可知, 在欧洲许多城市, 商店出售TCL电视、海尔冰箱和联想电脑。美国拥有的无人机中, 超过一半是中国型号。所以这里介绍的是中国产品的品牌, 所以上句应该是许多中国品牌也变得越来越受欢迎。
5.根据In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. But things have changed greatly.可知, 在过去, 大多数西方人认为中国产品便宜且不可靠。但是事情已经发生了很大的变化。后面应该叙述越来越多的人信任中国品牌。
5．答案：ADGBF
解析：1.前一句说到语言的力量有时难以理解，表示转折关系的A项说到“但是一句鼓励的话可以走比较长的一段路(长时间起作用)”符合题意。
2.根据下文有关鼓励性的话的力量的例子可知，这里是说明它的作用，所以选项D符合题意。
3.解题思路本段语意可知，此处是说语言的破坏性，许多孩子有被家长批评的经历，G项与上文语意衔接，故为本题答案。
4.下文指出“你，并且只有你要对你做出的每一个决定负责”，这里的"decision you make"与选项B中的"the choices you make"相匹配。
5.下文的"fail in the exam"与选项F中的"In trouble or needing help"相匹配，故选F项。
6．答案：defence
of...名词。in defence of...意为“为了保护……”,故填defence。
7．答案：evident
解析：考查形容词。该句中的It是形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语,设空处作表语,故用形容词evident。句意:很明显,儒家哲学影响了很多古代的人。Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1． To the west and off the European Continent, there are several thousands of islands on the continental shelf(大陆架). They are generally called the British Isles. Of all these isles, the largest one is called Great Britain. For convenience, it is often shortened to Britain. Still to the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Ireland. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) is made up of Great Britain, Northern Ireland, and a number of smaller islands around them. The total area of the country is some 240,000 square kilometres with a population of about 57 million.
Great Britain runs nearly 1,000 kilometres from south to north and extends, at the widest part, about 500 kilometres from west to east. Its area is some 230,000 square kilometres. Great Britain is traditionally divided into three parts, or countries: England in the south, Scotland in the north, and Wales in the southwest. There are discernible(可辨别的) differences between them even now.
England is the largest and most developed of all the three. Its area, about 130,000 square kilometres, takes up nearly 60% of the whole island. Its population is more than 46 million which makes up 85% of the country's whole population. The importance of England is so great in Britain that some foreigners just say "England" when they mean Britain. The same is true of the custom of speaking of the British people as the English who are the majority in the United Kingdom.
Scotland is the second largest both in area and population. It has an area of about 78,760 square kilometres, less than 30% of the whole island, with a population of 5 million, less than one-tenth of the whole population.
Wales is the smallest of the three both in area and population. In area, 20,700 square kilometres, makes up less than 9% while its population, 2.7 million, does not exceed(超过) 5% of the whole.
(1).The British Isles is made up of _______.
A.the European Continent and Great Britain
B.the U. K. and the Republic of Ireland
C.England, Scotland and Wales
D.several thousands of islands to the west and off the European Continent
(2).Which of the following figures shows the correct position of Great Britain
A.
B.
C.
D.
(3).From the third paragraph we can infer that Great Britain has a population of about _______ million.
A. 54 B.46 C.60 D.57
(4).Which of the following statements is TRUE
A.Scotland is six times larger than Wales in area.
B.England is six times larger than Scotland in area.
C.England is six times larger than Wales in area.
D.Great Britain is six times larger than Wales in area.
2． In today's Ireland, it seems hard to imagine the grim days of the 19th century when so many of the population starved, or that, in those days, many poor people had no clue how to prepare food other than boil a potato. Nowadays, it is quite possible to eat both well and heartily all over the island.
Tourism has made a vast difference to the standards of cooking in Ireland. Until recently, there was hardly any tradition of eating out in many districts, except perhaps on very few occasions at a local hotel. Patterns of diet were old-styled, based firmly on 'meat and two vegetables' (somewhat overcooked), potatoes (of course) and large quantities of dairy produce. Now things are very different. Tourists' demands for predictable, inexpensive fast food are met, as everywhere, with hamburgers and pizzas—a better bet being fish and chips. But more sophisticated tastes have introduced wholefoods and vegetarian restaurants (almost unheard of before), and a vast number of new restaurants, often French in style, have opened in the main tourist centres. Food "events" such as Kinsale Gourmet Festival or Galway Oyster Festival attract large numbers of visitors and reflect the new interest in food.
Whatever Irish cooking lacks in finesse(技巧), it nearly always makes up in plenty, and ingredients(成分) are of high quality. Home-grown produce includes rich dairy foods, beef, lamb and pork, and a great variety of seafood. One of its great specialties is soda bread. It is made with buttermilk and is served fresh and warm with every meal. Recently there has been a return to simple Irish foods such as stews and potato dishes.
One of the best-value meals in Ireland is breakfast. A "traditional Irish breakfast" is a plateful of bacon and eggs with soda and potato breads. Accommodation rates are nearly always quoted with a full breakfast included, so you might as well eat enough to keep you going all day and get your money worth!
(1).What was Irish food like until quite recently
A.It was very conservative and uninteresting.
B.It was influenced by French cooking.
C.It was very unhealthy.
D.It was plentiful.
(2).How has Irish food improved in recent years
A.There are more French restaurants.
B.Dairy produce is fresher.
C.There are more kinds.
D.Food is more expensive.
(3).What is the main reason for this improvement
A.People have more money to spend.
B.The development of tourism.
C.People have more tastes today.
D.Young people dislike traditional food.
(4).How does the passage describe Irish cooking today
A.It is exciting and interesting.
B.It is boring and overcooked.
C.It is good-looking and tastes bad.
D.It is plentiful and simple.
(5).Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A.Eating out at weekends is traditional in most parts of Ireland.
B.Today most Irish people prefer fast-foods to the traditional Irish cooking.
C.Nowadays French-style restaurants are quite common in tourist centres.
D.Many Irish people are vegetarians and grow their own vegetables.
3． It was dinner time for the Rangers, a group of Indigenous (本地的) Australians who had spent a long day cleaning up the polluted beaches of the continent's northern coast. Soon they would be eating freshly caught fish and seafood cooked under the stars on an open fire, as their ancestors did.
The Rangers are of more than 100 indigenous groups spreading across Australia who have taken on the job of protecting the land of their forefathers. In Arnhem Land, they are the protectors of 3, 300 square miles of land and sea. They comb the beaches by hand, picking up as much rubbish as possible. The task is very difficult as each day it delivers waves of new rubbish.
For the Rangers, cleaning the beaches is more than a vacation. For a people whose culture is strongly tied to the land, protecting the environment is equal to preserving their history.
However, colonization forcefully broke their connection to the land generations ago. Indigenous people were displaced and their cultural practices were outlawed. Tens of thousands of years of traditional land management ended, and as a result many parts of the country now face serious disasters from invasive plants and animal species, bush fires and land mismanagement.
In recent years, the government has restored more than 20 percent of Australia's land to Indigenous owners. Since 2007, the Indigenous Rangers Organizations have been protecting this land.
Luckily, one of the few non-Indigenous employees working with the Rangers, said the combination, new techniques and an appreciation for the culture of Indigenous workers have been critical to the program's success.
"You are working with staff who see the world different to you, so there is a much higher focus on the cultural aspects of work and life," he said.
"Being a ranger is a source of confidence. You feel strong," said Terence, a senior ranger. "Here we still live on the land. The culture is still alive."
1. What did Indigenous Australians live on in the past
A. Rubbish picked up by hand.
B. Protecting the land.
C. Catching the fish and seafood.
D. Invasive plants and animals.
2. What do the Rangers think of cleaning the beaches
A. It's a job of their ancestors'.
B. It's just a vacation.
C. It's a difficult task.
D. It's their culture.
3. Why has the government restored the land to Indigenous owners
A. The polluted land needs better management.
B. Their cultural practices were outlawed.
C. The people were too strong.
D. The land belongs to them.
4. What can we learn from the last three paragraphs
A. Not many employees are Indigenous Australians.
B. Culture is important to the Indigenous Australians.
C. Their new techniques are successful.
D. Both Luck and Terence are rangers.
二、语法填空
4．A great number of immediate measures have been taken _____ (ensure) people’s lives and safety.
5．Nowadays, more and more people like to do shopping online and have goods _____(deliver).
三、书面表达
6． 请按照以下要点提示，用英语写一篇介绍九寨沟的短文放入当地英文版的旅游手册中。
1.位于四川成都以北约400千米处，总面积600多平方千米；
2.1978年被列为国家自然保护区，1992年被联合国教科文组织列入《世界自然遗产名录》；
3.因其自然景色兼有湖泊、瀑布、雪山、森林之美而享有“童话世界”的美誉；
4.《神雕侠侣》《卧虎藏龙》等电影都在这里取景、拍摄。
注意:
1.注意语义连贯，不要逐字翻译;词数80左右。
2.参考词汇:联合国教科文组织UNESCO;《世界自然遗产名录》World Natural Heritage List；《神雕侠侣》Divine Eagle，Gallant Knight；《卧虎藏龙》Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon；声誉 reputation
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：(1)-(4) DBAC
解析：(1).细节考查题。文章第一段的第一、二句"To the west and off the European Continent, there are several thousands of islands on the continental shelf(大陆架). They are generally called the British Isles."是解题的关键。故本题选D项。
(2).推理判断题。从第二段的第三句中的"England in the south, Scotland in the north, and Wales in the south-west"可推断出答案为B项。
(3).推理判断和计算题。由总数的85%是46 million可算出答案，故选A项。
(4).数字计算题。England的面积是130,000 square kilometres，而Wales的面积是20, 700 square kilometres。由此可知应该选C项。
2．答案：(1)-(5) ACBDC
解析：...many断题。根据第一段的信息"...many poor people had no due how to prepare food other than boil a potato. Nowadays, it is quite possible to eat both well and heartily all over the island."可以推知，爱尔兰之前的食物除了boiled potato,别的什么都没有，故选A项。
(2).细节理解题。由第二段可知,旅游业的发展带动了食物的发展，使它的种类多样化起来，故C项正确。
(3).细节理解题。由第二段倒数第二、三句可知主要原因是旅游业发展起来了，故选B项。
(4).细节推断题。由第三段第一句可知，尽管食物的种类多起来，但烹饪仍然缺乏技巧，很简单，故本题选D项。
...a细节理解题。由第二段的倒数第二句中的"...a vast number of new restaurants, often French in style, have opened in the main tourist centres."可知答案为C项。
3．答案：CDAB
解析：1.C推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的Soon they would be eating freshly caught fish and seafood cooked under the stars on an open fire, as their ancestors did.可知, 他们像他们的祖先一样, 在星空下吃着篝火煮熟的新鲜的鱼和海鲜。由此可推知澳大利亚土著居民过去过着以捕鱼和打捞海鲜为主的生活。
2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的For a people whose culture is strongly tied to the land, protecting the environment is equal to preserving their history.可知, 对于一个文化与土地紧密相连的民族来说, 保护环境就等于保护他们的历史。所以Rangers认为清理海滩就是保护他们的文化。
3.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的Tens of thousands of years of traditional land management ended, and as a result many parts of the country now face serious disasters from invasive plants and animal species, bush fires and land mismanagement.可知, 成千上万年的传统的土地管理模式结束了, 因此, 这个国家的许多地区现在面临着来自外来动植物物种的入侵、丛林火灾和土地管理不善的严重灾难。所以政府要将土地归还给原住居民是因为被污染的土地需要他们更好地管理。
4.B推理判断题。根据文章第六段Luckily, one of the few non-Indigenous employees working with the Rangers, said the combination, new techniques and an appreciation for the culture of Indigenous workers have been critical to the program's success.和第七段"You are working with staff who see the world different to you, so there is a much higher focus on the cultural aspects of work and life, "he said.以及第八段中的The culture is still alive.可知文化对澳大利亚土著居民很重要。
4．答案：to ensure
解析：考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:已经立即采取了大量措施来确保人们的生命安全。结合句意可知此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。
5．答案：delivered
解析：考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此处为“have +宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语 goods与deliver之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:现在,越来越多的人喜欢网上购物,然后让别人送货。
6．答案： Jiuzhaigou, located about 400 kilometres north of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, is one of China's most famous scenic areas, covering an area of more than 600 square kilometres.
In 1978, it was listed as a national nature reserve, and it was included in the World Natural Heritage List by UNESCO in 1992. Its unique natural beauty consists in lakes, waterfalls, snowy mountains and forests, so it enjoys the reputation of "fairy world".
Because of its natural beauty, many well-known films were shot here, such as Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, Divine Eagle, Gallant Knight. Undoubtedly, Jiuzhaigou is a place you have to visit and the extraordinary view will leave you at a loss for words, making you unwilling to leave.
解析：Unit 4 History and Traditions Reading for Writing—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1． Mary Anning was an English fossil (化石) collector, dealer and paleontologist (古生物学家). Her fossil-hunting helped change the way people thought about the world.
Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary's father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She leaned about rocks and how bodies are made.
In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur (鱼龙).
Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil-hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.
Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her.
One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.
Mary Anning died in 1847. How evolution (进化) works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary's death. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.
1. Why did Mary's father take his children along the beach
A. To enjoy life.
B. To make a living.
C. To look for fossils.
D. To teach them about fossils.
2. What can we learn about Mary
A. Her father was a paleontologist.
B. Her father educated her at home.
C. She had nine brothers and sisters in all.
D. She might be popular at that time.
3. Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil
A. Charles Darwin.
B. Mary's dog.
C. Joseph.
D. Mary.
4. What does the underlined word "crumble" in the fourth paragraph mean
A. Break.
B. Shake.
C. Float.
D. Dive.
2．Welcome to Cape Town---the city that has everything!
About two million tourists visit Cape Town every year. It isn’t the capital city (that’s Johannesburg), but the Cape Town is South African’s most popular city with tourists for its beautiful views and sunny beaches to great shopping, Cape Town has something for everyone. In fact a vacation in Cape Town is unforgettable!
Adventure &outdoors
For the outdoor adventure or sports fan, Cape Town has a lot of activities from climbing to diving---all combined with fantastic setting and sunny skies.
Water sports & diving
Cape Town’s beaches are perfect for water sports. Scuba diving is also popular. The many shipwrecks(失事船只)along the coastline offer some excellent dives. The more adventurous diver can even try shark cage (鲨鱼笼) diving to get eye-to-eye with a great white! If you aren’t so adventurous, try a visit to Boulders Beaches. It’s part of a protect area for the African penguin. You can walk around on wooden roads and watch the penguins in their natural environment. It’s great for swimming too, if you don’t mind coming face-to-face with a penguin or two!
3.5.million.n’s weather is pleasant. In summer, it’s about 26℃ (and remember, mid-summer here is January!), and the winner temperatures don’t usually fall below 10℃. The local money is the rand. There are one hundred cents to every rand. The three main languages are Xhosa, English and Afrikaans. The population of Cape Town is about 3.5.million.
1.What can we learn about Cape Town
A.It is underdeveloped.
B.It is bigger than Johannesburg.
C.It is less famous than Pretoria.
D.It is a well-visited city
2.Which of the following is a special sight at Boulders Beach
A.Shipwrecks
B.Penguins
C.Sharks
D.Shops
3.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A.A few facts about Cape Town.
B.Some suggestions for tourists.
C.The best time to go to Cape Town.
D.The reasons for visiting Cape Town.
3．Students at St. Peter's Lutheran School are helping fight hunger in Guatemala by volunteering with Love the Hungry, a non-profit (非营利的) organization.
The school's student body helped package 20,000 meals for the organization based in Louisville, Kentucky.
St. Peter's Lutheran has worked with the organization over the last few years. But this year it provided more help by asking a larger part of its students to take part, said Scott Krueger, a parent of three daughters who attend the school.
Students wearing gloves lined up on both sides of tables set up in the school's gym as part of the packaging step. The job required scooping (舀取) food such as rice and other food from a large box that were provided by Love the Hungry.
Krueger, who also was volunteering for Love the Hungry, said he felt it was important for students to take part in it and see the importance of their work during the Sept. 13 event.
“This is one way to try to give back,” Krueger said.
Love the Hungry, which was created in 2012, gives great attention to packaging healthy meals that can prevent malnutrition (营养不良) in young children, said Dale Oelker, the director.
Other than Guatemala, Love the Hungry also offers food to Nicaragua, El Salvador, Haiti and countries in West Africa such as Sierra Leone, Mali and Sudan.
Fifth-grader Sydney Johnson was among the hundreds of students who helped and said she felt it was important to make a difference for the hungry people.
“It makes me feel good how we all helped out,” Johnson said.
Love the Hungry plans to offer 100,000 to 150,000 meals to Guatemala before the end of the year, Oelker said.
“It's a part of the world that this type of meal can really help,” said Oelker. “We are glad to work with St. Peter's Lutheran School and it proves how volunteers of all ages can make a difference.”
1. What can we learn from Krueger's words
A. The job of the students was a bit difficult.
B. The event attracted more volunteers from the school.
C. The students realized the importance of giving back.
D. Love the Hungry has a long history of helping the poor.
2. How does Love the Hungry help fight hunger in Guatemala
A. By offering food to the country's kids.
B. By giving money to the country's people.
C. By teaching the locals how to grow rice.
D. By providing packaged meals to the country.
3. What did Oelker express in the last paragraph
A. His worries about the problem of hunger.
B. His thanks to the school and its students.
C. His pity for poor people around the world.
D. His pride in working for Love the Hungry.
4. What is the purpose of the text
A. To call on people to fight hunger.
B. To report a school's volunteer work.
C. To introduce a non-profit organization.
D. To discuss the problem of malnutrition.
二、七选五
4．How to Do Man-on-the-street Interviews
The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. ①_________ But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.
● When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, "Why do you think environmental protection is important in America " ②_________
Hit the streets with confidence. ③_________ Say, "Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic." This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.
● Move on to the next person if someone tells you he/she is not interested in talking on camera. Don't get discouraged.
● ④_________ Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won't be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. ⑤_________
● If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don't leave work without them.
A. Limit your time.
B. As you approach people, be polite.
C. If you don't own a camera, you can buy one.
D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.
E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.
F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.
G. With a question like this, you will get more than a "Yes" or "No" reply.
5． Everyone dreams. If you've ever tried to figure out the meaning of a strange dream, you're not alone. Humans have been trying to make sense of dreams since recorded history. ①_______ Here are some of the findings.
②_______ People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settings and blocks in the natural world, such as a log or a rock they can't get around.
You've got a heart problem. People who have frequent nightmares may be significantly more likely to suffer from an irregular heartbeat or chest pain. If you have those problems, it's more difficult for you to breathe at night. ③_______
You're avoiding something. Do you dream about being followed by a stranger, a monster, or a giant tidal wave This could indicate that you're afraid to deal with something in your daily life. ④_______
You'll have a good result in a test. Students whose performance improved were those who had dreamed about the maze (迷宫) during their sleep. ⑤_______ This improves learning and problem-solving skills.
Despite the fact that technology has vastly expanded our understanding of dreaming, much of what occurs when we're asleep remains as it has always been; a mystery.
A. How creative you are.
B. Dreaming may strengthen memories.
C. What kind of problem solver you are.
D. What can our dreams tell about ourselves
E. How can we understand better about ourselves
F. That explains why you cannot have a sound sleep.
G. Ask yourself what issue or emotion you're faced with.
三、语法填空
6．The achievements that he made in this field are _____(strike).
7．This kind of vitamin is beneficial to your _____(sense) organs.
四、书面表达
8．请根据以下提示写一篇关于伦敦的旅游景点介绍。
一座充满艺术气息、历史悠久的都城, 一个重要的政治中心, 一个巨大的金融市场
金融广场the Square Mile 最古老的地方; 常住人口不是很多; 每天却有30万人在此工作
伦敦西区the West End 繁忙的购物和娱乐区
伦教东区he East End 伦敦港(the Port of London); 移民最先到达的地方; 在此成功举办2012年奥运会；当地人希望这个区的住房、教育和工作环境能够得到改善
伦敦是一个"乡村集散地"(a collection of villages), 每个地方都有自己的特色和自己的社区, 因此要全面描述伦敦是很困难的
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：BDCA
解析：1.B细节理解题。根据第二段首句 Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799.和第五、六句Mary's father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.可知, Mary 家境贫寒, 父亲带着孩子们沿海滩捡贝壳和石头卖给游客, 以维持生计。
2.D推理判断题。根据第四段首句Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil-hunting.和第五段前三句Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her.以及第五句Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells.等可知, 自从发现了鱼龙化石, Mary就迷上了化石, 有钱的朋友帮她卖化石, 科学家们写信并来看她, 她还开了一家商店卖化石、石头和贝壳, 因此推断那时候她很受欢迎。
3.C细节理解题。根据第三段首句In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.可知, Joseph首先看到了鱼龙化石。
4.A词义猜测题。根据第四段第二、三、四句She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils.可知, 她喜欢在暴风雨后到海滩上搜寻化石, 因为风、雨和海浪会使岩石崩裂, 从而使发现化石更容易。
2．1.D1.D; 2.B; 3.A
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Cape Town is South Africa's most popular city with tourists for its many attractions and activities 及 In fact, a vacation in Cape Town is unforgettable可知，开普敦是一个热门旅游城市。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的try a visit to Boulders Beach. It's part of a protected area for the African penguin 可知，在Boulders Beach游客可以看到企鹅。
3.段落大意题。根据最后一段中对开普敦天气、货币、语言、人口的介绍可知，该段主要介绍了开普敦的基本情况。
3．答案：1-4 B D B B
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第三段中的But this year it provided more help by asking a larger part of its students to take part 可知，今年来自 St. Peter's Lutheran School 的志愿者比往年多。
2.细节理解题。根据第七段中的Love the Hungry, which was created in 2012, gives great attention to packaging healthy meals that can prevent malnutrition in young children 可知，Love the Hungry 组织通过向危地马拉提供包装好的食物的方式帮助该国解决饥饿问题。
3.推理判断题。由最后一段可知， Oelker实际上表达了对这所学校和该校学生的感谢。
4.写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文报道了美国一所学校的志愿者活动，学生帮助一个慈善组织包装食物，致力于解决危地马拉的饥饿问题。
4．答案：DGBAF
解析：本文主要介绍了如何进行街头采访。文中给了几个小贴士来帮助新记者更轻松地进行街头采访,比如采访前计划好话题和问题,增强自己的信心,限制采访的时间等。
①根据空格后的转折词But以及your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy可知,空格处应与空后一句的意思形成对比,而D项中的challenging正好与空后的easy相对应。故选D项。
②根据前文中的...think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it.可知,本段讲的是在采访前需要想好话题以及和话题相关的问题,空白处前一句是一个非Yes或No能回答的问题,而G项中的With a question like this正好与其承接,故选G项。
③空格后一句所说的Excuse me是提问时用于礼貌地引起他人注意的表达,由此可知这里的建议应该是提问时要有礼貌,而B项中的polite正好与其相呼应,故选B项。
④根据后面的Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person.可知,进行街头采访时,每个路人采访的时间都不应该超过十分钟。一旦你得到你需要的答案,就转到下一个人。由此可知采访的时候要控制好时间。结合选项可知选A项。
⑤根据前文中的Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers.可知,当你采访的时候,你要尽量得到多种多样的答案,关键词为"answers"。设空前又提到A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.(进行采访的合适人数大约是六到十人),关键信息为"number of interviews"。结合选项可知选F项。
5．答案：DAFGB
解析：1.根据上文If you've ever tried to figure out the meaning of a strange dream, you're not alone. Humans have been trying to make sense of dreams since recorded history.可知, 自古以来, 人类就一直在试图解释梦的含义。后面的内容主要叙述了梦告诉我们的东西。解题思路选项可知D项符合题意。
2.根据下句People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settings and blocks in the natural world, such as a log or a rock they can't get around.可知, 有创造力的人更有可能梦见自然界中不寻常的环境和石块等。由此推知你做梦说明你很有创造力。故A项符合题意。
3.根据上文People who have frequent nightmares may be significantly more likely to suffer from an irregular heartbeat or chest pain. If you have those problems, it's more difficult for you to breathe at night.可知, 经常做噩梦的人可能更容易患上心律不齐或胸痛。如果你有那些问题, 晚上呼吸会更困难, 由此可见如果你有这些病的话, 晚上就睡不好。故F项符合题意。
4.根据前面的内容You're avoiding something. Do you dream about being followed by a stranger, a monster, or a giant tidal wave This could indicate that you're afraid to deal with something in your daily life.可知, 如果你在梦里逃避什么, 或被什么跟踪的话, 这可能说明你在生活中害怕处理某些事情。这时就要想想你面临的问题到底是什么。解题思路选项可知G项符合题意。
5.根据上句Students whose performance improved were those who had dreamed about the maze (迷宫) during their sleep.可知, 走进迷宫的学生想出去的话就会去解决问题。根据下句This improves learning and problem-solving skills.可知, 这提高了学习和解决问题的能力。由此可知, 做梦有利于记忆强化。故B项符合题意。
6．答案：striking
解析：考查形容词。该句中的that he made in this field为定语从句,修饰先行词The achievements,设空处为主句中的表语,故用形容词striking。句意:他在这个领域取得的成就引人注目。
7．答案：sensory
解析：考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的复数名词organs,作定语,故用形容词 sensory,意为“感官的,感觉的”。
8．答案： London, a capital city full of art and history, is an important political centre as well as a huge financial market place.
The Square Mile is the oldest part of London, where there are not many people living with 300,000 people working there every day. The West End is the busy shopping and entertainment district while the East End contains the Port of London, which is the place where many immigrants first arrived. The Olympics were successfully held in 2012 in London, whose people hope that housing, education and employment in this area will improve.
As a city made up of a collection of villages, it is difficult to describe London in every aspect, for each of the villages has its own characters and communities.
解析：