Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Discovering Useful Structures—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1． When another old cave is discovered in the south of France, it is not usually news. Rather, it is an ordinary: event. Such discoveries are so frequent these days that hardly anybody notices them. However, when the Lascaux Cave was discovered in 1940, the world was amazed. Painted directly on its walls were hundreds of scenes showing how people lived thousands of years ago. The scenes show people hunting animals, such as bison or wild cats. Other images depict birds and, most noticeably, horses, which appear in more than 300 wall images, by far outnumbering all other animals.
Early artists drawing these animals accomplished a monumental and difficult task. They did not limit themselves to the easily accessible walls but carried their painting materials to spaces that required climbing steep walls or crawling into narrow passages in the Lascaux Cave.
Unfortunately, the paintings have been exposed to the destructive action of water and temperature changes, which easily wear the images away. Because the Lascaux Cave have many entrances, air movement has also damaged the images inside.
Although they are not out in the open air, where natural light would have destroyed them long ago, many of the images have deteriorated and are barely recognizable. To prevent further damage, the site was closed to tourists in 1963, 23 years after it was discovered.
1.Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage
A.Wild animals in art
B.Hidden prehistoric paintings
C.Exploring caves respectfully
D.Determining the age of French caves
2.What does the underlined word "depict" in the first paragraph mean
A.Show. B.Hunt.
C.Count. D.Draw.
3.Why was painting inside the Lascaux Cave a difficult task
A.It was completely dark inside.
B.The caves were full of wild animals.
C.Painting materials were hard to find.
D.Many painting spaces were difficult to reach.
2． Yosemite is a national park in California. It is very beautiful and big. The park includes more than 760,000 acres in the California Mountains. Most of the park is a wilderness.
The part of Yosemite that everyone likes is Yosemite Valley. It is a tiny valley that is 7 miles long and less than 1 mile wide. It has tall rock walls and streams that splash down in waterfalls. More than two million visitors come to the valley each year.
One ranger(园林管理员) says the number of visitors is more than the land can handle. The valley has 4,500 camping spots. It has a hotel that can hold 4,000 families. This is still not enough to handle all of the visitors. The valley has grown so big that it has a lot of traffic and crime.
A worker says the park is trying to keep the beauty of the park and let everyone visit. Some areas have been fenced off from people and planted with seeds to try to keep them beautiful.
A former worker thinks Yosemite should get more money to take better care of the park. He would also like to teach people what the park service is trying to do.
Some people are trying to save Yosemite Valley. A plan has been made to get rid of some buildings. There will be fewer cars allowed inside the park. More buses will help get people around.
1.According to the passage, which of the following should be got rid of
A.Some of the trees.
B.Some of the water.
C.Some of the families.
D.Some of the buildings.
2.Which of the following is TRUE
A.Yosemite is a national park located in the California desert.
B.Some people think the amount of visitors is more than the land can handle.
C.The valley has 4,500 parking spots and some hotels.
D.Most of Yosemite Park is full of traffic and crime.
3.There are parts of the park that are closed ________.
A.so some visitors can stay there alone
B.in order to supply an area for camping
C.so visitors can go fishing and barbecuing
D.and workers will plant seeds
4.The passage mainly tells us ________.
A.Yosemite is a beautiful national park
B.Yosemite is faced with a new problem
C.Yosemite is a wilderness
D.Yosemite attracts a great many visitors each year
3． More than 10 million Chinese cultural relics have been lost overseas, lots of which were stolen and illegally shipped out of China during the times of war before 1949. About 1. 67 million pieces are housed in no more than 200 museums in 47 countries, which accounts for 10 percent of all lost Chinese cultural relics, and the rest are in the hands of private collectors.
Most of these treasures are owned by museums or private collectors in the United States, Europe, Japan and Southeast Asian countries. There are more than 23,000 pieces in the British Museum, most of which were stolen or bought for pennies more than 100 years ago.
The major method to recover these national treasures was to buy them back. In some cases, private collectors donated the relics to the government. Also the government can turn to official channels to demand the return of relics.
In 2003, a priceless bronze pig's head dating from the Qing Dynasty was returned to its home in Beijing after it was removed by the Anglo-French Allied Army over 140 years ago. Macao entrepreneur(企业家) Stanley Ho donated 6 million yuan to buy it back from a US art collector and then donated it to the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.
Although buying-back is the most feasible way to recover the lost treasures, limited funding is always a big headache.
In recent years, the Chinese government has improved efforts to recover the precious cultural relics lost overseas. It has started a national project on the recovery of the treasures and has set up a database(数据库) collecting relevant information. It has signed several international agreements with many countries on this matter, and is also looking for international cooperation to recover the relics by working closely with several international organizations.
1.What is the passage mainly about
A.The ways to recover cultural relics.
B.The efforts to recover Chinese cultural relics.
C.Stanley Ho donated a bronze pig s head to Beijing.
D.Chinese cultural relics were stolen by the Anglo-French Allied Army.
2.We can infer from the passage that _______.
A.China has enough money to buy all the cultural relics back.
B.The Chinese government has done a lot to recover the lost cultural relics.
C.Many countries have returned the lost cultural relics to China for free.
D.China is preparing to set up a database to collect information about the lost cultural relics.
3.Which of the following statements about the bronze pig’s head is NOT true
A.It was made in the Qing Dynasty.
B.It is now in the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.
C.It was donated by the French government to Qiina,
D.It was removed by the Anglo-French Allied Army over 140 years ago.
4.The underlined word "feasible" in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by "_______".
A. possible
B. difficult
C. wonderful
D. careful
二、七选五
4． Do you often find yourself struggling to see any meaning or purpose in your day-to-day activities People often make great efforts to hope for a better tomorrow because they don't know what it might look like. ①_______ Follow these steps below to get on your way to seeing more possibilities in your everyday life.
Acknowledge(承认) your strengths. ②_______ If you have been feeling this type of hopelessness, try making a list of all of your strengths and achievements.
Take part in enjoyable activities. ③_______ By engaging in activities that make you happy every day, you will have a greater sense of purpose.
Hope is an attitude that you work to achieve every day. It is not a permanent state of mind. Hope is the result of doing things that bring us pleasure and help us reach our goals. ④_______
⑤_______ Take this process one day at a time and then focus your attention on the aspects of your life that you actually have control over.
A.So we should think about what it means to have hope.
B.Don't be afraid to reach out for help if you are feeling hopeless.
C.Learn to challenge your negative thoughts rather than ignore them.
D.Becoming hopeful requires you to work on your attitude every day.
E.In a way, hope means seeing the possibilities which are natural in our life.
F.Doing things that you enjoy can also help you to develop your sense of hope.
G.Some people may lack hope because they feel like they have no abilities to do anything well.
三、语法填空
5．By combining_______ (tradition)heritage with the preferences of a wider modern audience, artists can create art that meets the demands of our times.
6．The writer and his novel _______you have just talked about are really well known.
四、书面表达
7．最近，你班同学就“文物是否应该向公众开放”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文介绍讨论的情况。
20%的同学反对 1.太多游客会破坏贵重文物，甚至完全摧毁文物 2.毫无疑问，为了赚取更多的钱，当地人会忽视对文物的保护
80%的同学支持 1.让人们了解中国的历史、传统文化、习俗和建筑风格，这是一种很好的方式 2.开放文物有利于当地旅游业的发展，为当地经济发展做贡献，提高当地人的生活水平
你的看法 ……
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：1-3 BAD
解析：1.主旨大意题。本文介绍的是在法国南部发现的拉斯科洞窟里面数千年前的人画的壁画，故本题B项正确。
2.猜测词义题。画线词所在句与前一句"The scenes show people hunting animals, such as bison or wild cats."是并列句，所以两句话的谓语动词应为同义词。
3.细节理解题。由第二段第二句话"They did not limit themselves to the easily accessible walls but carried their painting materials to spaces that required climbing steep walls or crawling into narrow passages in the Lascaux Cave."可知答案。
2．答案：1-4 DBDB
解析：1.细节理解题。由最后一段的信息"Apian has been made to get rid of some buildings."可知，本题应该选D项。
2.细节理解题。由第三段第一句话"One ranger(园林管理员) says the number of visitors is more than the land am handle."可知，本题B项正确。
3.细节理解题。由第四段第二句话"Some areas have been fenced off from people and planted with seeds to try to keep them beautiful."可知，本题选D项。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，随着游人日益增多， 该国家公园正面临着一个新的问题。
3．答案：1-4 BBCA
解析：1.主旨大意題。本文主要讲述了中国政府为了收回丢失海外的文物所做的努力，故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第六段可知中国政府已经为丢失的文物做了许多事，故选B。
Dynasty...ago...2003, a priceless bronze pig's head dating from the Qing Dynasty...ago...s removed by the Anglo-French Allied Army over 140 years ago... donated it to the Poly Art Museum in Beijing.等信息可知A、B、D三项都正确，C项错误。故选C。
4.词义猜测题。本句句意:尽管回购是收回丟失的珍宝的最可行的方式，然而有限的资金总是令人头疼。"feasible"可行的，可能的，与possible同义，故选A。
4．答案：1-5 EGFAD
解析：1.根据前文的内容可知，这里是对前面的内容的总 结归纳.并且E项中的possibilities也呼应下句的 possibilities。
2.本段主要说明了解你的能力，下文又提到如果你有这种无望感，此处应解释说明是怎样的一种无望感，G项中提到缺少希望是因为没有能力去将事情做好，因此G项放在此处承接上下文语意，故为本题答案。
3.根据下一句的…activities that make you happy可知，这与选项 F 中的Doing things that you enjoy表达的意思相近。
is...面两个句子的Hope is...可知，这是对希望进行解释，选项A表示总结的结果，符合题意。
focus...ake this process one day at a time and then focus...可知，这是一个进程，这与选项D中的work on your attitude every day表达的意思相一致。
5．答案：traditional
解析：考查词形转换。解题思路句子结构可知,空处作定语修饰名词heritage,应用所给词的形容词形式,故填 traditional。
6．答案： that
解析：句意:你刚才谈到的那位作家和他的小说确实很有名。先行词"The writer and his novel"既包括人又包括物,空处引导定语从句且在从句中作宾语,故只能用关系代词that。
7．答案：
Recently, we have had a heated discussion on whether cultural relics should be open to the public. Different people have different ideas.
20% of us are against opening cultural relics. Too many tourists can damage the valuable cultural relics and even completely destroy them. There is no doubt that to earn more money the local people pay little attention to the relic protection.
However, 80% of us think it's worth doing. Foremost, it is a good way for people to understand Chinese history, traditional culture, customs and building styles. Moreover, opening cultural relics can do good to the local tourism. In return, it can speed up the local economy, which will better the local people's life.
In my opinion, cultural relics should be open to the public, but they must be open under proper protection.
解析：Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Listening and Speaking—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1．The Taj Mahal (泰姬陵）is considered to be one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and the finest example of the late style of Indian architecture(建筑）. It is at Agra in northern India. It lies beside the River Jumna in the middle of gardens with quiet pools.
The Taj Mahal was built by the Mogul emperor(皇帝） Shah Jahan, who ruled India in the seventeenth century. It is in memory of his favorite wife, born in Arjumand Banu Begum, known as Munilaz Mahal, who died in 1631. The building, which was completed between 1632 and 1638, was designed by a local Muslim architect (建筑师）, Ustad Ahmad Lahauri. The whole building, with gardens and gateway structures, was completed in 1643. The Taj Mahal stands at one end of the garden tomb with marble(大理石） path. The room is softly lighted by the light that passes through double screens of carved marble set high in the walls. The building now is kept in good condition.
It took 22 years to build the Taj Mahal. Shah Jahan planned a similar building, but in black instead of white, to lie on the other side of the river. But before it could be built, Shah Jahan was imprisoned (监禁）by his son and buried next to his wife in the Taj Mahal.
1.The Taj Mahal was built for______.
A.Mumtaz Mahal B.Shah Jahan
C.either Mumtaz or Shah D.both Mumtaz and Shah
2.Why do you think Shah Jahan was buried next to his wife
A.His own tomb hadn't been built. B.He hoped to be buried there.
C.King and Queen should be buried together. D.He liked Mumtaz all his life.
3.The passage mainly tells us_______.
A.why the Taj Mahal was built B.the love story between Shah and Mumtaz
C.some information about the Taj Mahal D.the Taj Mahal—the pride of Indians
4.From the passage we can learn that______.
A.the Taj Mahal looks more beautiful than before
B.the Taj Mahal doesn’t exist now
C.the Taj Mahal has completely changed
D.the Taj Mahal has become a place of interest
2． Last weekend I visited Rome for the first time. I spent three busy days in the Italian capital, seeing lots of tourist attractions and walking down streets lit with Christmas decorations. There are a lot of things I love about the city.
Rome is one of the most ancient cities in the world and is full of wonderful relics(遗迹) from its distant past. These monuments include the Roman Forum and the vast Coliseum where gladiators used to fight each other until death and hunt animals coming from another country. The ruins of buildings and temples are fascinating: you can't quite believe how old they are.
I studied the masterpieces of the Renaissance period at university and was very excited to see them in real life. I walked around the museum in Vatican City and saw plenty of famous sculptures (雕塑). The best part of the visit was, without doubt, the Sistine Chapel Ceiling, painted in the early 16th century by Michelangelo. It was so breathtaking that I couldn't tear my eyes away from it.
In Rome, there is a lot of food on offer for tourists but some of it isn't of very good quality. I made an effort to find reliable restaurants to taste the popular meals of the region, like pasta with tomato, onion and bacon. I also love eating ice cream and hot chocolate under the Christmas lights.
Rome has not only lots of luxury boutiques(精品店) but also plenty of shops that were more in my price range! It was a perfect opportunity to go and buy presents for my family and friends. There was also a Christmas market, where I bought a sparkly decoration for the tree.
1.The underlined word "gladiators" in the 2nd paragraph probably means "_________".
A.athletes B.butchers C.invaders D.fighters
2.The author found the ruins of buildings and temples fascinating because _________.
A.they represent Rome's religion
B.they are relics from Rome's distant past
C.you can't help wondering how old they are
D.they include the Roman Forum and the vast Coliseum
3.What is mainly discussed in the 3rd paragraph
A.The great museums of Italy.
B.The sculptures in Rome.
C.Art-related activities during the visit.
D.The achievements of the Renaissance period in Italy.
4.When visiting Rome, you should be careful in choosing ________.
A.the attractions B.the food C.the hotels D.the luxury boutiques
3． How does a place become a World Heritage Site (世界遗产保护区) It takes a lot of people to decide.
(1) If a country wants one of its places to be on the World Heritage List, it has to ask UNESCO. The place must be important and special. UNESCO put the Great Wall on the list in 1987 because, it said, it was a great part of Chinese culture and beautifully made to go with the land. When a country asks, it must also make a plan for taking care of the place.
(2) The World Heritage Committee of UNESCO talks about different places and decides whether to put them on the list. The committee meets every June. Many experts help the committee to decide.
(3) After a new place goes on the list, UNESCO gives money to help keep it looking good. If a place is in serious danger, it may be put on the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger. UNESCO gives special care and help to those places.
(4) Countries have to give UNESCO regular reports about places on the list. If UNESCO thinks a country isn't taking good enough care of a place, the site will be taken off the list.
(1).The passage implies that _______.
A.becoming a World Heritage Site Lakes hard work
B.a place with beautiful scenery is often on the World Heritage List
C.a place which is taken good care of is often on the World Heritage List
D.the Great Wall became a World Heritage Site for its long history
(2).If a place successfully becomes a World Heritage Site, the country _______.
A.can ask UNESCO for more money and help
B.should continue to take special care of it
C.won't take trouble caring for it
D.will try to put it on the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger
(3).The passage mainly discusses _______.
A.how the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO decides a World Heritage Site
B.how the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO protects a World Heritage Site
C.how the Great Wall becomes a World Heritage Site
D.how a place becomes a World Heritage Site
(4).The purpose of putting a place on the World Heritage List is _______.
A.to attract more tourists from other countries
B.to get more money and help from other countries
C.to have it taken better care of
D.to make it known to other countries
二、七选五
4． The Aswan High Dam was designed to control the Nile River. ① These benefits, however, do not come without a price tag. Hussein M. Fahim, who has been studying the influences of the Aswan Dam since 1963, writes "I view dams as engineering works, supposedly built to serve people; they, of course, have their technical specifications and requirements, but their potential humanistic implications should neither be overlooked nor underestimated." Engineers and governments must carefully balance the benefits and the cost of any new technology. Huge environmental projects such as dams need even more thought and consideration than a new car engine or a faster microprocessor.
The High Dam was actually the second dam at Aswan, the first having been built in 1889. ② Due to the irregular flooding pattern of the Nile river and increased water demands, the dam had to be raised on 2 occasions (1912 and 1933) in order to ensure its continued usefulness and safety. When debates began again over raising the dam a third time, suggestions were made to possibly build a new super dam.
③ The new dam, the Aswan High Damm, was a technical wonder, being 5 kilometres long at its crest, and 1 kilometre thick at its base, and rising 107 metres above sea level. With the dam's hydroelectric capabilities, the Egyptian government tries to obtain the maximum benefits available from every gallon of water that flows down the Nile.
④ When the Aswan Dam was built, Nubia(努比亚) was flooded. The Egyptian government made arrangements for the Nubians to be relocated, but their lifestyle was destroyed. In fact, many of the nomadic(游牧的) tribes(部落) in the area were not warned of the changes that would be happening to the river, which affected their routines in caring for their livestock. More important than the appearance of Lake Nasser, as the northern part of the reservoir created by the dam is known, the Nubians grew crops in small pieces of land along the shore. ⑤ Many people have left the settlements that were created for them and returned to the lake's edge, trying to recreate their lost culture.
Dams, like any other technical "advancement", need to be analyzed not only on the basis of their perceived economic benefits and their dollar cost, but also on their environmental and social influence as well. The question we should consider as we strive to better the world is not "Can we " but "Should we "
A. Although most people would agree the flood control and the electricity the dam provided helped economic growth, the cost of these benefits must also be examined.
B. Those areas are now completely underwater.
C. How to keep the balance between development and protection of the environment remains a problem.
D. It wasn't until Egypt experienced a revolution in 1952 that the political climate allowed the possibility of a new dam to be properly studied.
E. At the time Egypt was controlled by the British and they were interested in increasing irrigation capabilities for cash crops, such as cotton.
F. With the advanced techniques, the construction of a new dam was on the way.
G. The huge dam controls flooding and stores water for times of drought(干旱), it is equipped to provide hydroelectric(水电的) power.
5．Television has changed our lives in many ways. Many people now spend more time watching TV than doing anything else. Researchers have estimated(估计）that when most students leave school they have spent 11,000 hours in the classroom and 22,000 hours watching television. 1
Benefits of television：
1. Television helps us to learn more about the world and to know and see many new things. Television can offer present information to us in a more effective way than books. 2 .
2. It entertains us. It is an enjoyable way to relax ourselves. For millions of people around the world, television is a source of companionship and helps them to cope with everyday life.
3. It has increased the popularity of sports and arts.
4. 3 In 2000, for example, 1.5 million people in 147 countries watched a TV pop concert and helped to collect more than $ 100 million for people in Africa.
Dangers:
1 .Television makes us passive(消极的). 4 .
2. It encourages us to buy unnecessary things sometimes. There are many advertisements on television, 5 .
3. It takes time away from activities such as reading, conversation and games.
4. Some critics (批评家）say that television makes people violent. A ten-year study showed that children who watch television programmes are more likely to be violent themselves.
A.Television makes us active
B.But what effects does this have
C.It can also make things more memorable
D.We don't have to think and our brains become lazy
E.however, this kind of advertisement might not be suitable
F.Television has made us aware of our global responsibilities
G.the main purpose of which is to make customers spend money.
三、语法填空
6．To make your diet successful, limit your calories ______what is proper for your size you’re your activity level.
7．Throughout all these years, many great figures have made significant______ (contribute)to the development of the Silk Road.
参考答案
1．答案：1-4 AACD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句It is in memory of his favorite wife, born in Arjumand Banu Begum, known as Mumtaz Mahal，who died in 1631.可知应选 A。
2.细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句But before it could be built, Shah Jahan was imprisoned (监禁）by his son and buried next to his wife in the Taj Mahal.可知，Shah Jahan 的坟墓 还没有建好，他就被儿子监禁了，只好埋在他妻子的旁边，故 选A0
3.主旨大意题。本文主要讲述有关泰姬陵的一些信息，故 答案为C。
4.推理判断题。其他三项的信息文中并没有提到或涉及， 用排除法可选D。
2．1-4.DBCB1-4.DBCB
解析：语篇解读:本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己游玩意大利首都罗马的经历和感受。
1.解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词之后的"used to fight each other until death and hunt animals coming from another country"可知,该词意为“斗士”。故选D项。
2.解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的"full of wonderful relics (遗迹) from its distant past"和"The ruins of buildings and temples are fascinating"可知选B项。
3.解析:段落大意题。本段主要介绍的是作者此次游玩罗马的过程中涉及的艺术参观活动。故选C项。
region...题。根据第四段前两句中的"In Rome, there is a lot of food on offer for tourists but some of it isn't of very good quality. I made an effort to find reliable restaurants to taste the popular meals of the region..."可知, 作者暗示选择食物时要特别小心。故选B项。
3．答案：(1)-(4) ABDC
解析：(1).推理判断题。由文章的前两点可以看出，一个国家向联合国教科文组织申请到最后申请成功要进行一系列的工作，因此可推测出想要在《世界遗产名录》中榜上有名可不容易。
(2).细节理解题。由文中第(4)点中的"If UNESCO thinks a country isn't taking good enough care of a place, the site will be taken off the list."可以看出，即使申请成功，人们仍需好好保护文化遗产。
(3).主旨大意题。短文的开头已经将本文的主题给出，下文是围绕这个主题展开的。
(4).推理判断题。使一个地方被列入《世界遗产名录》的目的在短文中没有明确表示，但通过联合国对一个国家的要求可推测出其目的是使之得到更好的保护。
4．答案：1-5 GEDAB
解析：1.根据上文的信息"The Aswan High Dam was designed to control the Nile River."可知，所谓的控制就是有水灾时蓄水，干旱时放水，故本题选G项。
2.解题思路上文的信息"the first having been built in 1889"可知，本句应该讨论建设第一个水坝时的情况，故本题选E项。
3.下文的信息"The new dam, the Aswan High Dam, was a technical wonder"涉及新水坝，本句应该和新水坝有关，故本题选D项。
4.下文的信息"When the Aswan Dam was built, Nubia(努比亚) was flooded."表明新水坝对周边产生的影响，这是必须要考虑的，故本题选A项。
5.解题思路上文的信息可知，新水坝的建成使得Lake Nasser形成，造成当地人耕作的湖边小块土地被水淹没，故本题选B项。
5．答案：BCFDG
解析：1.B 根据上文 Researchers have estimated(估计）that when most students leave school they have spent 11,000 hours in the classroom and 22,000 hours watching television.以及下文 Benefits of television 和Dangers的内容可知，此处是询问这样会有什么影响。
2.C 根据上文 Television can offer present information to us in a more effective way than books.中的关键词 Television can 可知 C 项正确，C项中的It指代Television。
3.F3.F根据下文 In 2000，for example, 1.5 million people in 147 countries watched a TV pop concert and helped to collect more than $100 million for people in Africa 可知，此处是讲电视使 我们意识到我们的全球责任。
4. D根据上文 Television makes us passive (消极的）.可知，此 处谈及的是电视的负面影响，解题思路选项可知D项正确。
5.G 根据上文It encourages us to buy unnecessary things sometimes. There are many advertisements on television 可知，电视刺激消 费者花钱买不必要的东西。
6．答案：to
解析：考查limit的用法。limit…to…,是固定用法,表示"把……限制在……内",其中to是介词。
7．答案：contributions
解析：Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Reading and Thinking—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1． The Yangtze River, the biggest river in China, starts with the Tuotuo River at the Roof of the World. Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, takes in countless rivers, and flows eastward across the inner part of China. With a total length of more than 6,300 kilometres, it marches toward the East China Sea, singing the songs of the four seasons with its waves. The Yangtze River, only next to the Amazon and the Nile, is a cradle that breeds the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation.
The Three Gorges have showed the magic workings of nature with their beautiful mountains and waters. The peaks and rocks on the two sides are telling us the history of the region in the past billion years. Every year, many visitors around the world are attracted by the charming thousand-year-long history of the region, the great ancient relics of human civilization, and the mysterious folk tales.
Sandwiched between the mountains, the Three Gorges run across Fengjie and Wushan Mountain in Sichuan Province and Badong, Zigui and Yichang in Hubei Province, extending 193 kilometres long to include Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge. The City of White Emperor in Fengjie is the important passage of the west part of the Three Gorges. Nan-jinguan in Yichang is the important gateway of the east part. Along the banks of the Yangtze River, the high peaks, overhanging rock towers, rise into the clouds, dangerous cliffs seem to reach the sky, waterfalls are spraying and sparkling, clouds and thin fogs are curling, rapids and torrents are boiling. On the whole. Xiling Gorge is dangerous for its shallow shores and rapid currents. However, Yichang is regarded by most people as the best start point to tour the Three Gorges.
1. The Yangtze River is important to Chinese people, mainly because _______.
A. it extends its way from the west to the east of China
B. the ancient Chinese civilization began here
C. the scenery on both sides is very beautiful
D. the Three Gorges is located on it
2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true
A. The Three Gorges have a total length of 193 kilometres.
B. The shapes of the Three Gorges are like sandwiches.
C. The Three Gorges are famous for beautiful scenery and relics.
D. Xiling Gorge is very dangerous for ships to sail.
3.As a tourist, you'd better go to _______ to start your trip to the Three Gorges.
A. Nanjinguan B. Wushan
C. Badong D. Zigui
2．No one can believe that the Great Wall might disappear some day. Believe it or not, the Great all is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in danger. The Great Wall can be called “great” mostly because of its amazing length. But we should realize that the length was made up of one brick at a time. If we do nothing to save the Great Wall, it will become a series of separate wasteland rather than a historic site.
The Great Wall is actually a series of walls built and rebuilt by different dynasties over the past 2,000 years. It began in the rule of China's first emperor, Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynasty, and lasted into the Ming Dynasty. The parts built before the Ming Dynasty have nearly disappeared. People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan in Gansu because they have been open to tourists for many years. But those sections far away from the public eyes have been almost forgotten.
Few local people knew the 3-metre-high walls made of earth and stones beside them are part of the Great Wall. The lack of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons.
The bricks on the Great Wall were carried off by local countryside people to build their houses, sheep corrals(畜 栏）and pigsties (猪圈）. Some were taken away to build roads. Bricks carved with people’s names are put away as remembrance (纪念）. Rubbish is spread over the battlements (城垛). The bricks can be sold for 15 yuan per tractor load. Those who destroyed and are destroying the Great Wall know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning. It will take a long time to let them know this. The local farmers not only carried off the body of the Great Wall hut dug out the entire base.
It is necessary to preserve the Great Wall. The officials should be aware of the importance of the Great Wall. Young Chinese should know more about the nation’s great civilization and learn to love it.
l. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 refers to the parts of the Great Wall .
A.that are too difficult to understand
B.that nobody can watch
C.that are not well known to the public
D.that are too far to be seen
2.What’s the main reason for the Great Wall’s being destroyed
A.The local people are short of cultural knowledge.
B.The local people need bricks and stones to build houses.
C.The local people think the Great Wall is not important.
D.The bricks of the Great Wall can be sold for money.
3.Why does the author say the Great Wall might disappear
A.It is useless from now on.
B.It will be replaced by a new one.
C.Some parts of it are being destroyed.
D.It's too old to be used once again.
3． The Leshan Giant Buddha is a statue of Maitreya(弥勒大佛) in sitting posture. The Buddha is located in Sichuan Province, facing Minjiang, Qingyi and Dadu rivers. In December, 1996, the Buddha was included by UNESCO on the list of the World Heritage List(世界遗产名录).
The statue was begun in the year 713 in the Tang Dynasty, and finished in the year 803. The Buddha is 71 meters high. The 8-meter-long instep(脚背) is big enough for one hundred people to sit on and the 28-meter-wide shoulder is large enough to be a basketball playground.
A monk called Hai Tong is connected with the Buddha forever. At that time, wild waters brought out many boat accidents and people just put the disaster down to the presence of a water spirit. So Hai Tong decided to make a statue beside the river thinking that the Buddha would bring the water spirit under control. After 20 years' begging from door to door, he finally collected enough money for the plan. When some local government officials tried to get this amount of money, Hai Tong said that they could get his eyeballs but not the money raised for the Buddha. After he dug out his eyeballs, these officials ran away in fear. The project was half done when Hai Tong passed away, and two of his disciples(门徒) continued the work. After a total of 90 years' hard work, the project was finally completed.
Having such a long history, the Buddha was nearly destroyed by the wind and rain. The Chinese government began the repairing work in 1963 under the instructions of experts from UNESCO.
1.What's the main idea of this passage
A.To explain the Leshan Giant Buddha briefly.
B.To tell us how the Leshan Giant Buddha was built.
C.To say where the Leshan Giant Buddha is.
D.To mention how the Leshan Giant Buddha came into the World Heritage List.
2.How did Hai Tong get the money for the Buddha
A.By calling for donation.
B.By working on the river.
C.By asking the government.
D.By selling his eyeballs.
3.What was the purpose of Hai Tong to build the statue
A.make his temple more famous
B.show respect to the water spirit
C.protect the safety of the local people
D.get more people to believe in Buddhism
4.Which one can best describe Hai Tong
A. generous
B. cruel
C. easy-going
D. long-suffering
二、语法填空
4．The ruins of the ancient city are of great cultural value and should______ (preserve) by everyone.
5．She has been passing on traditional Chinese culture in a rather______ (create) way.
三、书面表达
6． 结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型，根据提示写 一篇50词左右的短文。
人们应该努力阻止(prevent)文化遗产(relics)的消失(disappearing)。
措施如下:
1.首先，保持建设(construction)和文化遗产保护的平衡。
2.应该建立相应的委员会(committee)和部门(department)来管理(conduct)这件事。
3.通过筹款(funds)和捐(donate)钱来保护(preserve)文化遗产(heritage)。
4.提高(promote)保护文化遗产的意识。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：1-3 BBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，长江是中华民族古代文明的发源地。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Sandwiched between the mountains"可知，sandwiched是指三峡被夹在群山中间，而不是说三峡大坝的形状像三明治。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句以及前面的"Nanjinguan in Yichang"可知，对大多数人来说宜昌是游三峡的最好起点，而南津关就在宜昌。
2．答案：CAC
解析：1.C 词义猜测题。根据上文 People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan in Gansu because they have been open to tourists for many years.和画线部分的 But 可 知，长城有些地方是向公众开放的景点，这当然为公众所熟 悉;而那些不是景点的地方则不会为公众所熟悉。
2.A细节理解题。根据文章第三段及第四段第六句Those who destroyed and are destroying the Great Wall know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning.可知，长城被破坏的主 要原因是当地人缺乏文化知识。
3.C3.C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二、二句Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in danger.和第四段前五句 The bricks on the Great Wall were carried off by countryside people to build their houses, sheep corrals (畜栏）and pigsties(猪圈）. Some were taken away to build roads. Bricks carved with peopled names are put away as remembrance (纪念）. Rubbish is spread over the battlements (城垛）. The bricks can be sold for 15 yuan per tractor load.可知，长城的很大一部分正在遭受破坏，所以 作者说长城可能会消失。
3．答案：1-4 AACD
解析：1.主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了乐山大佛的概况，包括它的位置、外观、地位及修筑过程，故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段第四句After 20 years' begging from door to door, he finally collected enough money for the plan.可知，海通和尚是通过化缘方式来筹集修建大佛的资金，故选A。
3.推理判断题，根据第三段第二、三句At that time, wild waters brought out many boat accidents and people just put the disaster down to the presence of a water spirit. So Hai Tong decided to make a statue beside the river thinking that the Buddha would bring the water spirit under control.可知，因这里经常发生船舶事故， 海通和尚想雕刻一尊大型佛像以制服水神，保人们平安，故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据文章可知，海通和尚为塑大佛，20年辛辛苦苦四处化缘，为保全资金不惜自毁其目，最佳描绘他的词应是long-suffering"坚忍的"。故选D。
4．答案：be preserved
解析：考查语态。根据语境可知,动词preserve 与主语"The ruins of the ancient city"之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态,should 后跟动词原形,故填be preserved。
5．答案：creative
解析：
6．答案：
People should make every effort to prevent cultural relics from disappearing. The steps are as follows:
Firstly, the government should keep the balance between construction and the protection of cultural relics.
Secondly, a committee and department should be set up to conduct this. Thirdly, raise funds and donate money to preserve cultural heritage. Finally, people should promote the awareness of the protection of them.
解析：Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Reading for Writing—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1． If you'd like to go sightseeing, the following World Heritage Sites may be your best choices.
Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area
The Jiuzhaigou Valley, which lies in the northern part of Sichuan Province, reaches a height of more than 4,800 meters, with a series of different forest ecosystems(生态系统). There you can enjoy watching excellent waterfalls. Some 140 kinds of birds also live in the valley, as well as a number of endangered plants and animals, including the giant panda. For more information, please visithttp://whc.unesco.org/en/list/637.http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/637.
Khami Ruins National Monument
Thecity of Khami, which developed after the capital of Great Zimbabwe had been given up in the mid-16th century, is of great archaeological(考古的) interest. The discovery of objects from Europe and China shows that Khami was a major centre for trade over a long period of time. For more information, please visit http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/365.
Henderson Island
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/487.e eastern South Pacific, is one of the few atolls(环礁) in the world whose ecology(生态) has not been touched by human beings. It is especially famous for the ten plants and four land birds that can only be seen on the island. For more information, please visit http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/487.
The Old City of Jerusalem
As a holy city for three different religions in the Middle East, Jerusalem has always been of great religious importance. It was given a World Heritage Status in 1981 and placed on the "List of World Heritage in Danger" the following year. For more information, please visit http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148.
1.What can we know about the Jiuzhaigou Valley
A.It sits at the foot of a 4,800-meteirhigh mountain
B.It has different forest ecosystems
C.Most of China's endangered plants can be found there
D.In all about 140 kinds of birds and animals live there
2.The discovery of some of the objects in Khami shows that the city .
A.had a very short history
B.was ruined in the mid—16th century
C.was once Great Zimbabwe's largest city
D.once played a great role as a trade centre
3.From the passage we can learn that Henderson Island .
A.hasn't been greatly influenced by human activities
B.isn't suitable for humans to live on
C.has been open to visitors for years
D.is made up of a few large atolls
4.If you are interested in religion, you should visit .
A.http://whc. unesco. org/en/list/148
B.http://whc. unesco, org/en/list/365
C.httpt//whc. unesco. org/en/list/487
D. http://whc. unesco. org/en/list/637
2． Belgium is divided into three communities. Each one has its own language and traditions. But the people of Belgium are untied in their love for Belgian potato fries. The fries are prepared and sold the same way in all areas of the country.
The Reuters news service reports that potatoes reached Belgium in the 16th century. But it was not until the 19th century that restaurants and others began selling fried potatoes throughout the country as a separate meal.
Recently, a Belgian group launched a campaign aimed at getting the United Nations (UN) to recognize the popular treat. The group wants the UN's Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization to place the food on its cultural heritage(遗产) list.
The UNESCO list recognizes more than 300 objects beliefs and practices. They include Turkish coffee and the traditional Chinese theater known as Peking opera. The list also includes a dance, the Argentinian tango, and the singing of the Aka pygmies of the Central African Republic. UNESCO says the list is "made up of intangible heritage elements(非物质文化遗产元素) that help show the diversity of heritage and raise awareness about its importance".
Belgian potato fries are traditionally sold in a paper wrapper, or cone, in a "fritkot" There are about 5,000 fritkots in Belgium. That means they are 10 times more common as a percentage of the population as McDonald's restaurants in the United States. The national organization of fritkot owners say the small, often unfurnished buildings are much like Belgium itself. It says these buildings combine the country's acceptance of disorder with a dislike of structures that all look the same. The group says 95 percent of Belgians visit a fried potato hut at least once a year.
1.Belgian potato fries ________.
A.were recognized by the UNESCO
B.are well received in Belgium
C.are sold in all food stores
D.didn't become a separate meal until the 16th century
2.What's the aim of the Belgian group
A.To place Belgian potato fries on the cultural heritage list.
B.To prevent other countries producing Belgian potato fries.
C.To show the diversity of Belgian foods.
D.To prove the popularity of Belgian foods.
3.Which of the following is NOT listed in the UNESCO list
A.Peking opera.
B.The Argentinian tango.
C.Turkish coffee.
D.American restaurants.
4.What does the underlined word "fritkot" in the last paragraph probably refer to
A.A simple house which is used to live in.
B.A kind of small, unfurnished building.
C.A place where machines are used to make goods.
D.A piece of paper, plastic, or thin metal that covers something.
3．Little Women (excerpt)
"Christmas won't be Christmas without any presents," grumbled Jo, lying on the rug.
"It's so dreadful to be poor!" sighed Meg, looking down at her old dress.
"I don't think it's fair for some girls to have plenty of pretty things and other girls have nothing at all," added little Amy, with an injured sniff.
We've got Father and Mother, and each other," said Beth contentedly from her corner.
The four young faces on which the firelight shone brightened at the cheerful words, but darkened again as Jo said sadly, "We haven't got Father, and shall not have him for a long time." She didn't say "perhaps never," but each silently added it, thinking of Father far away, where the fighting was.
Nobody spoke for a minute, then Meg said in an altered tone, "You know the reason why Mother proposed not having any presents this Christmas was because it is going to be a hard winter for everyone, and she thinks we ought not to spend money for pleasure, when our men are suffering so in the army. We can't do much, but we can make our little sacrifices, and ought to do it gladly. But I am afraid I don't," and Meg shook her head, as she thought regretfully of all the pretty things she wanted
"But I don't think the little we should spend would do any good. We've each got a dollar, and the army wouldn't be much helped by our giving that. I agree not to expect anything from Mother or you, but I do want to buy Undine and Sintram for myself. I've wanted it so long," said Jo, who was a bookworm.
1. Why did Amy think it unfair for some girls
2. Who did each think of
3. Why did mother not have any presents this Christmas
4. What did Jo think of according to the last paragraph
二、七选五
4． Recent scientific studies have only underlined the importance of good sleep. But just what can a woman (or man) do to get a good night's rest ①_______.
Silky(丝滑) Smooth
For silky smooth skin, buy some silky smooth cloth without wrinkling(起皱)！②_______. Silk won't leave impressions on the face, those kind of strange marks that can appear anywhere on the body after sleeping on cotton cloth. Soft cloth can suit your body's natural shapes and help keep their proper form.
③_______
Here's a simple way for people who have a hard time falling asleep: try taking a shower! Showering can relax the body and mind, helping the muscles to let go of daily stress. ④_______. But most importantly, a shower also helps adjust body temperature. To actually fall asleep, our body temperatures need to drop a little bit.
Limits Out
In order to ensure sleep quality, make sure all lights are out in the room. Sleeping in the dark helps remove upset and helps our bodies go into deep sleep, during which the body and mind repair themselves. ⑤_______.
A.Cool Down
B.Slow Down
C.These three easy tips will help you sleep better at night
D.This kind of doth doesn't wrinkle quite as roughly as cotton
E.Sleeping on your back keeps facial skin laying at a natural angle
F.A piece of black cloth covering eyes can help with the process too
G.Even better, it affords an opportunity to remove all make up before bed
三、语法填空
5．The Great Wall enjoys a great reputation all over _______world because of its long history.
6．We have entered an age_______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
四、书面表达
7． 假如你是红星中学的学生李华,上周你校举办了为期一周的"社团文化节"活动。请你为学校英语网站写一篇新闻报道。内容包括:
1.活动的时间和地点;
2.活动的主题和具体内容;
3.对此次活动的感受。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Our Wonderful Club Culture Festival
To_______ (provide, varied school life), our school held the first Club Culture Festival last week on campus.
Starting from January 5th, the week-long festival, whose theme was " Varied Life", presented our campus culture. The literary society recommended many good books, _______ (encourage, pleasure, reading). The most thrilling experience came from the Chinese kung fu club. The club members, _______ (performance), which won loud applause.
Through this festival, not only_______ (pass on, culture), but_______ (school life, enrich). And we all enjoyed it.
参考答案
1．答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.A; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题.根据第一段中的with a series of different forest ecosystems可知,九寨沟有不同的森林生态系统。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的...Khami was a major centre for trade...可知曾作为贸易中心。
3.细节理解题.从第四段的句子whose ecology has not been touched by human beings。可知它没有被人类破坏过。
4.细节理解题.从最后一段的句子Jerusalem has always been of great religious... 和最后的网站http:// whc. unesco. org/en/list/148可知答案为A。
2．答案：1-4 BADB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第三句But the people of Belgium are untied in their love for Belgian potato fries.可知比利时薯条在比利时很受欢迎。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中The group wants the UN's Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization to place the food on its cultural heritage list. 可知the Belgian group的目的是将比利时薯条列入世界文化遗产名录。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段中They include Turkish coffee and the traditional Chinese theater known as Peking opera. The list also includes a dance, the Argentinian tango, and the singing of the Aka pygmies of the Central African Republic.可知D项 American restaurants.没被列在UNESCO名单中。故选D。
4. 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中There are about 5,000 fritkots in Belgium... The national organization of fritkot owners say the small, often unfurnished buildings are much like Belgium itself.可知划线词指的是A kind of small, unfurnished huilding.故选B。
3．答案：1.Some girls have plenty of pretty things and other girls have nothing at all.
2.Their father.
3.Because the mother didn't want to spend money for pleasure and wanted to do something for men in the army.
4.She thought they couldn't make a great contribution to the army.
解析：
4．答案：1-5 CDAGF
解析：1.根据上文But just what can a woman (or man) do to get a good night's rest "但是一个女人（或男人）怎样才能睡个好觉呢 " 以及下文对三点建议的描述可知，C项"这三个简单的建议将帮助你晚上睡得更好"符合此处语境。故C选项正确。
2.根据上文For silky smooth skin, buy some silky smooth cloth without wrinkling! "为了丝般光滑的皮肤，要买一些不起皱的丝般光滑的布！"可知，此处接着介绍这种布，故D项"这种布不像棉布那样皱得那么粗糙"符合此处语境。故D选项正确。
3.根据本段relax the body and mind, helping the muscles to let go of daily stress 以及最后一句话可知本段主要讲述如何放松自己。A项"平静下来"符合此处语境。 故A选项正确。
4.根据上文Showering can relax the body and mind, helping the muscles to let go of daily stress. "洗澡可以放松身心，帮助肌肉释放日常压力"可知，G项"更好的是，它提供了一个在睡觉前卸妆的机会"， 符合此处语境。故G选项正确。
5.根据上文Sleeping in the dark helps remove upset and helps our bodies go into deep sleep, during which the body and mind repair themselves. "在黑暗中睡觉有助于消除烦恼，帮助我们的身体进入深度睡眠，在此期间，身体和大脑得以自我修复"。F项"用一块黑布遮住眼睛也可以帮助这个过程"符合此处语境。故F选项正确。
5．答案：the
解析：考查固定短语。句意:长城因其悠久的历史而在全世界享有盛名。all over the world为固定短语,意为"在全世界,在世界各地"。
6．答案：when
解析：句意:我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。解题思路句子结构可知。空处引导定语从句,先行词为an age,空处在定语从句中充当时间状语,故用关系副词when。
7．答案： provide the students with a varied school life; encouraging us to get pleasure from reading; gave a wonderful performance; did we pass on our campus culture; our own school life was also enriched
