Unit 2 Wildlife Protection Listening and Speaking—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1． What do the following animals have in common Pandas, rhinoceros, Mexican burrowing snakes, pink pigeons and small tooth sawfish.
They are all endangered animals! Animals become endangered for a variety of reasons. Sadly, humans are behind every one of them!
For centuries, humans have hunted elephants for their tusks, and killed tigers for their beautiful fur, caught fish for food. While we still have elephants, tigers, and fish in the wild, we cannot say the same about many others that have simply died out!
Year 1505 was a dreadful turning point in the natural history of the island of Mauritius—European sailors discovered this beautiful island in the Indian Ocean and brought dogs, pigs, monkeys with them. The arrival of humans and those introduced animal species were bad news for dodo birds. About 50 pounds and flightless, dodo birds did not have any natural enemies until then. They picked fruit fallen from trees and built their nests on the ground. Shortly after humans set foot on Mauritius, however, dodo birds realized that they were in big trouble—men killed them for their meat, and those introduced animal species destroyed their nests and ate their eggs. The effects of excessive(过度的) hunting and foreign species drove dodo birds to first become much fewer and then die out. The last dodo bird was killed in 1681.
Humans and animals have always competed for land and other natural resources. We clear an area of a forest for farming. We cut down trees and use wood to build beautiful houses. We build reservoirs(水库) to make sure that we have enough water to use. At the same time that we are trying to make our life comfortable, we destroy the habitats of wild animals.
More than once we have seen on television that rescue workers are trying their best to save seabirds in spilled(泄漏的) oil. More than once we have heard about how emissions of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳的排放) and other gases have raised the earth's temperature and caused global warming. Pollution has a serious and long lasting effect. If we choose to do nothing and continue to pollute our planet Earth, our next generations will have to face an Earth without birds singing and beasts roaring.
1. Which of the following are NOT endangered animals
A. Pandas. B. Rhinoceros.
C. Pink pigeons. D. Dodo birds.
2. What does the underlined word "dreadful" (in Paragraph 4) mean
A. Surprising. B. Exciting.
C. Awful. D. Quick.
3. Paragraph 5 mainly talks about _______.
A. how excessive hunting led to endangerment of animals
B. when foreign species entered the island of Mauritius
C. the human activities caused the loss of habitats of animals
D. pollution played a main role in the worsening of the environment
4. What is the best title for the passage
A. What makes the animals in danger
B. How to save the endangered animals
C. Pollution and animals
D. Don't hunt for animals
2． How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work What makes the populations of different species the way they are Why are there so many flies and so few wolves To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.
With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.
Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.
And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.
Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点), it is remarkably difficult for them to return.
1. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs
A. The living habits of species in food webs.
B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.
C. The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems.
D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs.
2. A strong link is found between two species when a predator ________.
A. has a wide food choice
B. can easily find new prey
C. sticks to one prey species
D. can quickly move to another place
3. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline
A. The prey species they directly attack will die out.
B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators.
C. The living environment of other species will remain unchanged.
D. The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes.
4. How does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance
A. By getting illegal practices under control.
B. By stopping us from killing large predators.
C. By bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal.
D. By signaling the urgent need for taking preventive action.
3． One night, Pilar was in deep sleep when she was woken by her cat Inti. Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar's bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door. hen Pilar opened her eyes, she saw that her bedroom was filled with smoke. As she escaped from her house with Inti in her arms, she saw that the fire was burning in her kitchen. Pilar could easily have lost her life, but Inti would not let that happen. Even though Inti could have escaped from the house through a cat door, he wouldn't leave Pilar.
As amazing as this story is,it is not as uncommon as you may think. Take the example of Charlotte Lee and her horse, Thunder. One summer night, the whole family was asleep with the windows open. It was normally very quiet. Suddenly, there was a loud noise. Charlotte woke up from her sweet dream, aiul the noise continued. Then she heard a horse running fast towards the house. The next thing she saw was Thunder standing outside her window , neighing(嘶鸣) and shaking his head. She was aware of something wrong. Charlotte quickly got everyone out of the house before the earthquake hit. Thunder has saved the whole family’s lives.
There are also stories of wild animals coming to the rescue of humans. One animal known as a friend of humans is the dolphin. Once,Todd Endris was surfing with his friends when he was attacked by a 13-foot (4-meter) shark. In the middle of the attack, a group of dolphins came to his rescue by forming a protective ring around Todd until he could get safely to the shore. Without the help of the dolphins, there is little chance that Todd could have escaped.
No one is sure why animals have so often come to our rescue. However, it is clear that humans and animals enjoy a close relationship. It is important that we care for them as much as we can.
1.Why did Inti throw himself against the door
A.Because he was trying to wake up his owner.
B.Because he wanted to get out of the room.
C.Because he felt bored and was playing by himself.
D.Because he couldn't find the way out.
2.Before the earthquake hit, Charlotte ______.
A.closed the windows
B.was sleeping deeply
C.ran to warn her neighbors
D.got her horse out of the stable
3.Both Inti and Thunder ______.
A.were shy and quiet
B.used to make noise at night
C.were brave and smart
D.saved their owners several times
4.Which of the following is probably Todd's feeling towards the dolphins
A.Doubtful.
B.Grateful.
C.Frightened.
D.Bored.
二、七选五
4． Wildlife faces threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and other human actions. ①_______ Here are some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions.
★Create wildlife-friendly areas in your backyard.
When trying to make your garden more beautiful, you can choose plants that can provide food and shelter to native wildlife. ②_______ Add bird or bat houses to your yard or garden to attract and shelter these species.
★Avoid harming the natural ecosystem(生态系统) in your area.
Some plants from other places can kill or harm native plants that provide food and shelter for wildlife.
★Have a greener lifestyle.
By using less water and fewer fuels, you will be helping to protect the wildlife around you. Take buses or the subway when you can. ③_______ Take shorter showers, and keep your room temperature at or below 28°C during the winter.
★Buy products that are wildlife-friendly.
④_______ Keep in mind that some endangered animals are killed by traps, catches or hunters who are after other wildlife within the same habitat.
★⑤_______
You can give money to organizations or groups that protect wildlife species in your neighbourhood.
A.This will also help cut down on pollution.
B.Turn off electric devices when you're not using them.
C.It is suggested that we protect wildlife through actions.
D.That is why protecting wildlife is extremely important now.
E.Don't buy products that are made from endangered animals.
F.Donate money or time to organizations that protect wildlife and their habitats.
G.Although protecting wildlife may seem too hard at times, even small actions in your own neighbourhood can help protect many different animals.
5．My grandmother was from a town in Michigan. I enjoyed staying with my grandparents when I was a young child. ① People knew everyone, their kids, their pets and their ancestors. The relationship with them continued to grow as I grew and got older.
② She would make little sandwiches and we’d have tea parties. She planted flowers and carefully tended them. I remember the small thimble(顶针)she would use while doing her needlework. A few years ago, when my grandmother passed away, I bade farewell to my loving grandmother.
③ We had just had tea together a couple of months earlier, on her 91st birthday. I missed her very much, but I noticed it particularly on my birthday, as there was no card from my grandmother. She’d never forgotten my birthday!
On one particular birthday when I was feeling a little low，something happened to make me feel like she was sharing that special day with me. ④ They are what she had made, and suddenly I felt something inside one pillow (枕头). It was small and hard. I moved the object to a seam (接缝)出at I carefully opened，and to my delight，out came a tiny silver thimble!
⑤ Not realising it had fallen off her finger, I sewed it in that little pillow that I just “happened ” fuff（抖松）. I carefully laid the thimble alongside the others I’ve collected over the years，where I could continue to see the gift God chose to reveal to me.
What a precious memory of a very special lady who somehow，I knew，was delighted to sew her thimble inside my pillow.
A. How quickly our lives can change!
B. I refused to go to the small town later.
C. I loved the small town they lived in.
D. I was arranging some colourful pillows.
E. How sad I was to be unable to see a loving grandmother.
F. Grandma was always using her hands for something exciting.
G. How happy I was to find something that had been a part of her!
三、语法填空
6．They help job applicants to get certain skills which can give them an advantage when they hunt _______suitable positions.
7．It is a beautiful, well-planned floating city, which is in harmony _______its surroundings.
参考答案
1．答案：1-4 DCCA
解析：1.细节理解题。dodo birds不是濒危动物，而是已经灭绝的动物。故本题D项合理。
2.词义猜测题。解题思路本段的内容可知正是人类的到来和外来物种的进入使dodo birds遭受灭顶之灾，所以应是一个不好的转折点，故选C项。
3.推理判断题。由本段可知正是人类的活动使得动物们的栖息地遭到了破坏，故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了导致动物灭绝的情景及其发生的原因，因此选A项。
2．答案：1-4 BCDD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句"With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs."可知，应选B项。
linked...据第二段第句"When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked..."可知，当一种掠食动物总是吃掉数量庞大的单一种类的猎物时，这两种动物有较强关联；结合下文可知，有较弱关联的两个物种，掠食动 物有广泛的食物选择、容易找到新的猎物，故排除A、B项。 D项在文中没有提及，也排除。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack."可知，若一个食物链顶层的掠食动物大规模减少， 其他物种的数量将会经历意想不到的改变。故选D项。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句"Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem bade from the borderline."可知，预警系统是通过发出需要采取预防行动的信号来帮助我们维护生态平衡。故本题选D项。
3．1.A1.A2.B2.B; 3.C; 4.B
解析：1.A细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和下文the fire was burning in her kitchen可知,Inti用自己的身体撞门是为了唤醒自己的主人,因为厨房里着火了。2.B细节理解题根据第二段中One summer night,the whole family was asleep with the windows open.可知,地震前 Charlotte 在熟睡。3.C推理判断题:根据第一段和第二段内容可推断出,Inti和 Thunder都很勇敢和聪明,它们分别通过撞门和嘶鸣唤醒了处于危险中的主人。4.B推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知,没有海豚们的帮助,Todd几乎不可能逃脱:故可以推断出,Todd对海豚们很感激。
4．答案：1-5 GABEF
解析：1.上文提到野生动物面临各种人类行为的威胁，由常识可知这些行为是由来已久的，积习难改，而下文就如何保护野生动物提出几点建议，故本句应该涉及保护野生动物的难易程度，所以本题选G项最合适。
2.本建议涉及为野生动物营造友好的生存环境，上文提到在花园里种能够为野生动物提供食物和遮蔽物的植物，再根据短文开头的pollution和常识可知，这些植物也能起到净化环境的作用，故本题选A项。
3.本建议为绿色生活，选项中与此建议相关的选项是B项。
4.本建议为购买有益于野生动物的产品，故本题E项正确。
5.下文涉及向野生动物保护组织捐款，故本条建议的标题应为F项。
5．答案：CFADG
解析：1. C 根据上文的 “ I enjoyed staying with my grandparents when I was a young child.” 可知,下文的 “People knew everyone, their kids their pets and their ancestors.” 描 述的是祖父母居住的地方的好处，也是我喜欢那儿的原因，故 选C项。
2. F 根据下文的内容可知，祖母会做三明治、会种花 养花，还会做缝纫可知，祖母手巧.F项中的“using her hands for something exciting”与下文对应，故选F项。
3. A 根据下文的“I missed her very much, but I noticed it particularly on my birthday, as there was no card from my grandmother-She’d never forgotten my birthday!” 可 知，祖母从没有忘记过作者的生日,但是她去世后，作者就没有 收到祖母的生日贺卡了。这是祖母去世后，作者的生活发生 的变化。故选A项。
4. D 根据下文的 “They are what she had made, and suddenly I felt something inside one pillow.” 可知.此处与 pillow有关.根据这个关键词可将答案定位在D项，故选D项。
5. G 上文提到祖母生前会做针线活,再根据下文的 “Not realising it had fallen off her finger” 可知，作者在枕 头里发现的那个顶针是祖母的。作者怀念去世的祖母.所以 发现她的顶针会很高兴，故选G项。
6．答案：for
解析：考查介词。句意:他们帮助求职者获取某些技能,这些技能可以使他们在寻找合适的职位时获得优势。动词 hunt作"搜寻,寻找"讲时,为不及物动词,后接for。
7．答案：with
解析：考查固定搭配。句意:它是一座美丽的、精心规划的水上城市,与周围的环境协调。in harmony with...意为"和……协调"。Unit 2 Wildlife Protection Reading and Thinking—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1．If you’re looking for a fairly painless way to lose weight, researchers at Brigham Young University have a new solution for you ： Put yourself on a regular sleep schedule. People who keep a regular sleep routine have a lower body fat than those who keep irregular sleep hours, says a new study.
Led by Bruce Bailey，professor of exercise science， researchers followed 300 female college students aged 19 to 26, who were given activity trackers to watch their movements and activities，including waking and sleeping times. Researchers also measured their body composition before and after the one-week study period.
What the researchers found：
Body fat varied with sleep quantity. Women who slept between 8 and 8. 5 hours a night had the lowest body fat. While those who slept less than 7 hours or over 9 hours had higher body fat.
High quality sleep was associated with lower body fat while poor sleep was connected with higher body fat.
Waking and going to sleep at the same time every day was most strongly linked with lower body fat. The difference in body weight was greater with more variation in sleep pattern. Women whose sleep patterns varied by 90 minutes a night had higher body fat than those whose sleep patterns varied by 60 minutes or less on average.
The study followed up on a body of research conducted over the last few years that ties quality and quantity of sleep to weight loss and better weight control. While researchers don’t know exactly how sleep schedules affect body weight and fat, other studies have shown that sleep has an effect on physical activity, appetite, and the hormones (荷尔蒙) that control metabolism (新陈代谢), and the signals that tell us we’re full.
1. Who may have the lowest body fat according to the study
A. Women whose sleep patterns varied by 90 times a night.
B. Women whose sleep patterns varied by 60 times a night.
C. Women who sleep no more than 7 hours a night.
D. Women who get 8 to 8. 5 hours of sleep a night.
2. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .
A. it’s the first research to study better weight control
B. many people know exactly how sleep affects body fat
C. sleep can affect people at least in three ways
D. sleep can give signals to tell people they are full
3. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. Several factors that affects the sleep quality.
B. Some ways to help you lose weight efficiently.
C. The importance of having a regular sleep routine.
D. A study on the relationship between sleep and body weight.
2．Bitterns（麻鸦）, which were once extinct in the UK, have been found to be at their highest levels ever recorded in England.
As a shy, secretive bird with feathers that perfectly camouflages （伪装） it against its reedbed habitat, the bittern can be easily overlooked. However, the male’s mating call is able to be heard from several kilometers away, giving its presence away and it is this distinctive（易辨识的）call that has helped researchers count them. The population has just been discovered to be in the most best state of health since the 1800s. This year 140 singing males were tracked in England—an increase from just 11 in 1997.
The RSPB (Royal Society for the Protection of Birds) said several moves were playing an important role in the bird’s coming back. “It is wonderful to see how they have responded to the habitats we have restored for them,” RSPB scientist Simon Wotton said. “They’re amazing birds to watch so it is rewarding to see their numbers growing.” Bittern numbers decreased in the UK after their habitats were ruined for agriculture and birds were also hunted for food.
Protection efforts began in 1997 to bring the species back, including the creation and restoration of wetlands across the country and the legal protection of breeding areas. More than 300 hectares一about the size of the City of London—of new reedbed have been created since 2002 and another 350 hectares restored.
The bittern remains on the RSPB’s Red List of threatened species, but experts say the new sites mean there will always be enough birds to improve any local populations that may struggle in the future.
Martin Harper, the RSPB’s director of conservation, said,“The bittern success story should give hope that it is possible to recover threatened species.”
1. How do researchers count the number of bitterns
A. By searching for them in the forests.
B. By recording the different mating calls.
C. By taking photos of different male birds.
D. By threatening them out of their habitats.
2. Bittern was once extinct mainly because .
A. RSPB was set up too late
B. scientists overlooked them
C. their habitats were destroyed
D. they used to disturb people’s life
3. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph
A. What’s been done to bring bitterns back.
B. Why it is important to protect the birds.
C. How common people can help the birds.
D. When the protection efforts got started.
4 What might be Martin Harpers attitude to recovering threatened species
A. Optimistic. B. Worried.
C. Disappointed. D. Confused.
3． More than two thirds of the world's polar bears will be wiped out by 2050, according to a shocking new study. By then, scientists say, global warming will have melted 42 percent of the Arctic sea ice. By 2100, only a very few of these important creatures will be left.
The report has been produced by the US Geological Survey. The scientists have publicized their findings in the hope of influencing US Interior Secretary Dirk Kempthorne, who has been asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.
Polar bears depend on floating sea ice as a platform for hunting seals, which are their main food. Without enough ice, polar bears would be forced to go onto the land, where they are poorly skilled hunters, and would be unlikely to adapt to the life on the land in time. Experts say few little bears would survive and the stress could make many females unable to get pregnant.
The team of American and Canadian scientists spent six months studying bears, on the ground, from spotter planes and in the lab, using computer models. Some team members fear the result is even worse for the bears than what their report says. They say the Arctic is warming faster than anywhere in the world and much faster than their computer had been forecasting. Satellite observations have showed that the ice has decreased to an all-time low.
However, not everyone in the scientific community believes that global warming is happening on such an alarming scale. Another investigation has found that polar bears are still being hunted by wealthy "sportsmen" who want their skins and heads. At least ten international companies offer bear-hunting trips.
1.What do we know about Dirk Kempthorne according to the passage
A.He is an animal scientist.
B.He is a protector of animals working for the US government.
C.He was asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.
D.He offered to put polar bears on the endangered species list.
2.Why will polar bears die out if there is not enough sea ice
A.Because polar bears can't catch enough food without ice.
B.Because polar bears eat ice when they feel thirsty.
C.Because polar bears will be easily found by hunters without ice.
D.Because most female bears are used to giving birth under ice.
3.After a six-month study, some scientists fear that ________.
A.there is something wrong with their computers
B.polar bears will disappear even faster than they ever expected
C.their computer models are not as accurate as they expected
D.global warming will destroy everything in the Arctic
二、语法填空
4．The tiger is rare to the point of_______ (extinct) in the wild due to habitat loss and hunting.
5．To give her a surprise, I didn't intend her_______ (see) the painting until it was finished.
三、书面表达
6． 结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型，根据提示写—篇50词左右的短文
1.当今，随着漸危物种(species)被非法猎杀(hunt illegally),以及栖息地(habitat)被破坏，它们正以令人惊讶的速度(alarming rate)灭绝(extinct)。
2.人们已逐渐意识到(aware of)保护它们的重要性。有些志愿者主动夜以继日地保护它们。
3.政府已采取有效的措施(measure)来保护(watch over) 它们，比如建立了 一些自然保护区(reserve)。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：1.D2.C2.C3.D3.D
解析：1. D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Women who slept between 8 and 8.5 hours a night had the lowest body fat.”可知D项正确。
2. C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句中“other studies have shown that sleep has an effect on physical activity, appetite, and the hormones that control metabolism” 可知,睡眠在至少三方面影响我们。故选C。
3. D 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了睡眠和体重的关 系及对体重的影响，故选D。
2．答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A
解析：1. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“However, the male’s mating call is able to be heard from several kilometers away, giving its presence away and it is this distinctive call that has helped researchers count them.” 可 知.研究者们通过数有多少种雄麻鸦的鸣叫声来数它们的数 量。故答案选B。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的 “Bittern numbers decreased in the UK after their habitats were ruined for agriculture”可知，麻鸦曾经濒临灭绝的主要 原因是它们的栖息地遭到了破坏。故答案选C。
3. A 段落大意题。第四段第一句中的“Protection efforts began in 1997 to bring the species back” 是本段的 主题句，下文是具体的保护措施。由此可知_第四段主要介绍了人们为使麻鸦数量增长而采取的措施。故答案选A。
4. A 观点态度题。根据最后一段“Martin Harper ... said, ‘The bittern success story should give hope that it is possible to recover threatened species.’ ” 可推知，Martin Harper对恢复瀕临灭绝的物种的数量持乐观态度。故答案 选A。
3．答案：1-3 CAB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的"US Interior Secretary Dirk Kempthorne, who has been asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list."可知，他被要求把北极熊列入美国濒危物种名单，故选C。
2.推理判断题，根据第三段第一句"Polar bears depend on floating sea ice as a platform for hunting seals, which are their main food."可知，如果没有足够的海冰，北极熊会因为捕捉不到足够的猎物而濒临灭绝，故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段的"Some team members fear the result is even worse for the bears than what their report says."可知，科学家们担心北极熊消失的速度将比他们预想的还要快，故选B。
4．答案：extinction
解析：
5．答案：to see
解析：考查intend的用法。句意:为了给她一个惊喜,我没打算在画完成之前就让她看。intend sb. to do sth."打算让某人做某事"为固定用法,故填to see。
6．答案：
Nowadays, because many endangered species are being hunted illegally and their habitats are being destroyed, they are becoming extinct at an alarming rate.
People are gradually aware of the importance of protecting them. Some volunteers offer to watch over them day and night.
The government has taken effective measures to protect them, for example, setting up some nature reserves.
解析：Unit 2 Wildlife Protection Discovering Useful Structures—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1． When I was in my fourth year of teaching, I was also (and am still) a high school track and field coach(田径教练). One year, I had a student, John, who entered my class when he was a junior. John changed to our school from Greece, and seemed to be interested in sports, so I encouraged him to join our track team. I explained to him that even though he had never taken part in it before, I did believe that he could do well in any event, and I would be willing to coach him at whichever ones interested him. He accepted the offer, and began to work hard at every practice.
About a month later, I had found out from other sources that John was a first-class tennis player, winning various junior awards in his home country. I went to him asking, "John, I really appreciate that you came out for the track team, but why didn't you play tennis instead It seems that would interest you a lot more, since you're so good at it." John answered, "Well, I like tennis, but you told me that you believed in me, and that you thought I could do well in track, so I wanted to try it for that reason."
From then on, I often remember my student's reply. I told it to a friend and she suggested I write it down to share somewhere with more teachers. No matter how critical (不满的) students can be of themselves, I've found that a simple "I trust that you can do it!" Can go a long way!
1.According to Paragraph 1, what does the author seem to think more about
A.John's PE marks B.John's self-confidence
C.John's interest in sports D.John's state of health
2.Why did John take part in the track team
A.He had been an excellent runner.
B.He was encouraged by his teacher.
C.He liked running more than tennis.
D.He had no tennis coach to train him.
3.What’s the purpose of this passage
A.to build a close teacher-student relationship
B.to introduce a new way of sports training
C.to explain the value of sports and games
D.to show the importance of encouragement
4.Who is the passage mainly written for
A.teachers B.parents C.students D.players
2． Can we give a hand to those endangered animals Yes, we may only do a little bit, but together our small actions add up to a lot.
Protect wildlife habitat
Perhaps the greatest threat that many species face is the widespread destruction of habitat. Cutting down forests, fanning, and development all result in loss of wildlife habitat. In areas where rare species live, habitat destruction can quickly force a species to extinction. By protecting habitat, entire communities of animals can be protected together naturally. Parks and reserves are now all too often the only habitats that are left untouched by habitat destruction.
Reduce the threat of invasive(入侵的) species
The spread of non-native species has greatly reduced native populations around the world. Invasive species compete with native species for resources(资源) and habitat. They can even prey on native species directly, forcing native species towards extinction.
Place decals(贴花纸) on windows
It is reported that as many as one million birds in the United States die each year because of collisions(碰撞) with windows. You can help reduce the number of collisions simply by placing decals on the windows in your home and office.
Slow down when driving
Many native animals have to live in developed areas and this means they must move in human-living areas. One of the biggest obstacles(障碍) to them is created by roads. Roads divide habitat and present a constant risk to any animal attempting to cross from one side to the other. So when you drive out, slow down and keep an eye out for wildlife.
1.What would be the best title for this passage
A.How animals go to extinction
B.The importance of protecting wildlife
C.What to do to help save wildlife
D.How to protect wildlife habitat
2.People are advised to put decals on windows to _______.
A.decorate the houses and beautify the environment
B.protect the windows from birds’ hitting
C.attract more birds to make homes nearby
D.avoid birds' hitting the windows by mistake
3.The underlined phrase "prey on" in the passage means "_______".
A.drive away
B.live with
C.kill for food
D.fight with
4.We can learn from the passage that _______.
A.the habitats of many species have been destroyed
B.about one million birds are attacked by invasive species each year
C.perhaps the biggest threat to many species is that they are easily bumped by cars
D.invasive species only compete for food with native species
3． Many animal and plant species have become extinct and many more are in critical danger.
Dodos
The flightless dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. It lived off fruit fallen from the islands trees and lived unthreatened until humans arrived in 1505. The easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the island by humans such as pigs, monkeys and rats. The population of dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.
Rhinos
The rhino horn is a highly priced item for Asian medicine. This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat. Their number has rapidly decreased in the last 50 years, and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers(偷猎者).
The giant panda
The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain. As few as 1,000 remain in the wild. The Chinese government has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals and made hunting them punishable with 20 years in prison.
Whales
The International Whaling Commission is fighting to ensure the survival of the whale species. Despite the fact that one-third the world's oceans have been declared whale sanctuaries(保护区), 7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered.
Tigers
The last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the number of remaining tigers to between 5,000 and 7,000 and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct. The South China tiger is close to disappearing, with only 20 to 30 still alive. Like the rhino horn, tigers' bones and organs are sought after for traditional Chinese medicines. These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins.
1.Which group of the following animals has already ceased to exist according to the text
A.The dodo, rhino and giant panda.
B.The rhino, whale and the South China tiger.
C.The rhino, panda, whale and tiger.
D.The dodo and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers.
2._______ can serve as a cure for certain diseases.
A.The whale's rich oil
B.The panda's black and white patched coat
C.The rhino horn and tigers' bones and organs
D.The dodo's delicious meat
3.Which of the following statements is NOT true
A.The number of South China tigers has reached a crisis point.
B.Many animals are threatened with extinction as a result of human activity.
C.People hunt for the endangered animals for high profit.
D.The whale is the symbol for the World Wildlife Fund.
二、语法填空
4．He weighed 75 kilos last month, and now his weight has been reduced_______5 kilos.
5．The police officers in our city work hard in _______order citizens can live a safe life.
三、书面表达
6． 假如你叫李华,你所生活的城市周围有很多动植物正逐渐减少,请你对此现象向有关部门写一封信,解题思路造成这种现象的原因,并根据实际情况提出几条切实可行的建议。以下几条要点需包括在内:
1. 野生动植物的现状;
2. 解题思路造成许多野生动植物濒临灭绝的原因;
3. 提出几条保护野生动植物的具体措施。
注意:
1.不可遗漏要点,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
2.词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm writing to give some suggestions to protect the wildlife living in and around our city.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope my suggestions are of much help.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．1.C1.C2.B2.B; 3.D; 4.A
解析：1.细节理解题。由第一段“John changed to our school from Greece, and seemed to be interested in sports, so I encouraged him to join our track team.”可知,作者看到John似乎对体育感兴趣,因此鼓励他加入田径队。说明作者对John的运动方面的兴趣给予更多的关注。故选C。
2.细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“He accepted the offer, and began to work hard at every practice.”可知,John接受了他的老师的鼓励而参加了田径队。故选B。
3.主旨大意题。由最后一段最后一句“I’ve found that a simple “I trust that you can do it!” can go a long way! ”可知,鼓励是非常重要的。故选D。
4.推理判断题。由最后一段“I told it to a friend and she suggested I write it down to share somewhere with more teachers.”可知,这篇文章主要是写给老师的。故选A。
2．答案：1-4 CDCA
解析：1.主旨大意题。本文主要列举了人们怎样伸出援手去救助濒危动物，故C项最能概括文章的大意，为最佳标题。
2.细节理解题。根据第三条建议的描述可知，在窗户上贴花纸是为了避免飞鸟因误撞而丧命，故选D项。
3.词义猜测题。根据上文的意思:入侵物种与本地物种争夺资源和栖息地。再结合该句“它们甚至直接prey on本地物种，迫使本地物种灭绝”可推知，该短语的意思为“猎食，捕食”，故选C项。
4.细节理解题，大概有一百万只鸟是死于误撞窗户，而不是外来物种的袭击，故B项错误;很多物种的最大威胁是栖息地被破坏，故C项不对;入侵物种和本地物种竞争的不仅仅是食物，还有栖息地和资源，故D项错误；A项指出许多物种的栖息地被破坏了，符合文章大意。故选A项。
3．答案：1-3 DCD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段的"The population of dodos rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681."一句可判断渡渡鸟是灭绝的动物之一,再根据最后一 段中的"...the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct."一句可得出答案。
2.细节理解题。文章的第三段和最后一段提到"犀牛角和老虎的骨头及器官"有很高的药用价值。
3.细节理解题。从第四段中的"The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain."—句可得出"世界自然基金会"的标志是"大熊猫"，而不是"鲸"。
4．答案：by
解析：考查介词。句意:上个月他的体重是75公斤,现在他的体重减少了5公斤。reduce sth.by...是固定用法,意为"减少了……"故填by。
5．答案： that
解析：考查固定用法。in order that表示"为了",引导目的状语从句,从句中常含有情态动词can/may等。
6．答案：
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm writing to give some suggestions to protect the wildlife living in and around our city. As we know, many species of wildlife are in danger of extinction. This is because the environment that they are living in has been destroyed greatly.
With the development of cities, water and air are seriously polluted. Their living areas are becoming smaller and smaller. They not only have little to cat, but also can be killed by human beings. These species of wildlife are important part of our life. Personally, more measures should be taken to protect them from being hurt. Firstly, more laws must be made to stop people from cutting down trees. Secondly, all the factories must clean the waste water before it is poured into rivers or lakes. Thirdly, more reserves should be set up so that they can live safely.
I hope my suggestions are of much help.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
解析：Unit 2 Wildlife Protection Reading for Writing—高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册课时优化训练
一、阅读理解
1． The words "protect animals" appear everywhere in books and on screens because some animals are in danger of dying out. But sometimes the reality can be a little different from what people read or watch.
About 300 black bears were killed in Florida, the US, in October, 2015. It's been the first bear hunt since 1994.
Animal protection groups protested this decision. But local officials explained that the black bear population had grown to 3,500 and become a menace to local people. In the past two years, bears have hurt at least four people in Florida.
This brings an old question back into the spotlight—which is more important, protecting animals or protecting people's interests
This question is asked in other countries too. In Switzerland, a wolf was sentenced to death by the Swiss government months ago. This is because the wolf killed 38 sheep and local people lost a lot of money. Days ago in China, three old men were arrested for killing a serow(鬣羚), a protected species. But they insisted they didn't know about this and killed the animal because it ruined their crops.
However, these stories don't always mean that animal protection stops due to human interests, especially when it is related to economic development. A man named Zhou Weisen set up a wild animal base in Guilin, Guangxi. He saved over 170 tigers and 300 bears. But his base also offered jobs to local people.
"There may never be a standard answer to the question of whether we should give more attention to the environment or human development," said Robert May, a British biologist at Oxford University. "But we shouldn't push either one to the side, as the future is hanging in the balance."
1.In October 2015, Florida held its first bear hunt after about _____.
A.five years B.ten years
C.fourteen years D.twenty-one years
2.What does the underlined word "menace" in Paragraph 3 mean
A.Danger. B.Chance. C.Relief. D.Treasure.
3.What does the author intend to tell us by mentioning Zhou Weisen's story
A.Protecting animals needs hard work.
B.Zhou was good at feeding wild animals.
C.Zhou had a good relationship with local people.
D.Protecting animals can bring economic development.
4.Which of the following statements might Robert May agree with
A.Human development should be considered first.
B.We should pay more attention to animal protection.
C.We should consider both the environment and human interests.
D.It's difficult to find proper ways to solve environmental problems.
2． Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history.
Animals have been killed for their fur and feathers, for food, for sport, and simply because they were in the way. Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever. Hundreds more are on the danger list today. About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger.
Why should people care Because we need animals. And because once they are gone, there will never be any more.
Animals are more than beautiful or interesting or a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems.
For example, when farmers kill large numbers of hawks(鹰), the farmers' stores of corn and grain will be destroyed by mice. Why Because hawks eat mice. With no hawks to keep down their numbers, the mice multiplies quickly.
Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger.
Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing.
1.What is the best title for the passage
A.Save the Animals B.Useful Animals C.Laws for Animals D.Animals in Danger
2.Animals are important to us mainly because ________.
A.they give us a source of food B.they are beautiful and lovely
C.they keep the balance of nature D.they give us a lot of pleasure
3.Which of the following is NOT true
A.People care much about animals because we need them.
B.People must not kill any animal or plant.
C.Killing all mice may cause some new problems.
D.Once a certain kind of animal is gone forever, there will never be any more.
4.We can infer from the passage that _______.
A.people have known the importance of animal protection for a long time
B.animals play an important role in people's life
C.the number of hawks is on the decrease
D.many countries passed laws forbidding the killing of any animal
3．Animals，including insects, do not have a language like ours. They do not talk to each other in words and sentences. But if we watch them, we can see that they do have ways of communicating with each other.
Can you see the rabbits9 tail When rabbits see this white tail moving up and down, they will run. The rabbit has reminded them of potential dangers without making a sound. It has given them a signal.
Many other animals use this kind of language. When a cobra (眼镜蛇）is angry, it raises its “hood” and makes itself look fierce. This warns other animals. When a bee has found some food, it goes back to its home. It cannot tell the other bees where the food is by speaking to them, but it does a little dance in the air. This tells the bees where the food is.
Some animals say things by making sounds. A dog barks, for example, when a stranger comes near. A cat purrs (发出呼噜 声）when pleased. Some birds make several different sounds, each with its own meaning. Sometimes we human beings speak in the same way. We make sounds like “Oh” or “Ah!” when we are frightened or pleased or when we drop something on our toes.
But we have something that no animals have—a large number of words which have the meanings of things，actions， feelings or ideas. We are able to give each other all kinds of different information in words and sentences, which no other animals can do. No other animals have so wonderful a language as we have.
1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. Animals do have a language like that of human beings.
B. Bees communicate with each other by dancing.
C. Some animals can use words.
D. A dog barks to show its friendliness.
2. What purpose does a rabbit use its tail
A. It warns other rabbits of danger.
B. It tells other rabbits where the food is.
C. It makes itself look fierce.
D. It helps itself to run fast.
3. What is this passage mainly about
A. Human’s language is more wonderful than animals’ language.
B. People should pay attention to animals’ body language and sounds.
C. Animals have their own ways to communicate with each other.
D. Animals are smarter than we think.
4. Several different sounds can be made by a .
A. rabbit B. bee C. bird D. cat
二、七选五
4．Swim safely!
Swimming is great exercise, and a trip to a pool or beach is a good way to have fun with friends in summer. ① ，so it's important to stay safe as you do it. Here are a few things you can do to swim safely.
② Don’t swim unless there is a life guard at work. If you’re on a beach near the ocean, this is especially. In some places fast-flowing water can move swimmers away without warning. So if a sign says “no swimming”，pay attention to it.
Be careful when diving （跳入） into the water headfirst. ③ In natural water, don’t dive unless you know that the water is deep enough. Or you could hurt your head on the bottom, causing injury or death.
Around water, adults should watch children at all times to make sure they are safe. Those who don’t know how to swim should wear life jackets. But by themselves they are not enough, so an adult should always be present. If you have to rescue a child from drowning （淹）,a few seconds can make a big difference.
Make sure you have a friend with you whenever you swim. ④ , that person can make sure you get help.
Drink a lot water. The sun’s heat and the physical activity may make you sweat ( 出汗) more than you realize.
By following these simple rules, you can make sure your swim time is safe as well as fun. ⑤___ !
A. That way if something goes wrong
B. Now get out there, and enjoy the water
C. Swim only in areas set apart for swimming
D. Make sure everyone in your family swim well
E. But sometimes swimming can also be very dangerous
F. Most pools have marked deep ends where diving is safe
G. Many children who drown in home pools were out of sight within minutes
三、语法填空
5．When it comes to_______ (care) for the elderly, you must have enough patience and love.
6．Mothers are often the ones who provide _______(emotion) support for the family.
四、书面表达
7．Write an English poster according to the information given in Chinese. Begin it with GO! GO! ! GO! ! !
10月15日，本周末下午3:30在新体育馆有一场精彩的 足球赛，是由学生会组织发起的3本次球赛是希望杯 (Hope Cup Championship)决赛，由计算机系和中文系双 雄争夺冠亚军。莫失良机!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：1-4 DADC
解析：1.细节理解题。由第二段内容可知, 自1994年起, 过了21年后, 才有2015年10月的第一次猎熊活动。故选D。
2.词义猜测题。由第三段最后一句可知, 熊对当地人是一个威胁。由此可推断出menace在此处意为"威胁"。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段首句和最后一句可知, 作者想通过周伟森的故事告诉我们, 保护动物可以促进经济发展。故选D。
4.推理判断题。由最后一段内容可知, Robert May认为不应该偏重保护环境和人类发展中任何一方, 因为未来是未知的。因此C项(我们应该同时考虑环境和人类的利益。)会是他同意的观点, 故选C。
2．1-4.ACBB1-4.ACBB
解析：语篇解读:本文是一篇关于动物保护的说明文。目前,世界范围内动物的数量正在不断下降,保护动物刻不容缓。保护动物不仅是为动物,也是为我们人类自己的生存考虑。幸运的是,现在有的国家已经开始行动,例如成立保护组织或设立法律等对动物进行有效的保护。
1.解析:标题归纳题。文章提到的动物面临的生存现状、保护动物的必要性以及目前一些国家对野生动物采取的保护性措施等方面都体现了保护动物的主题,故文章标题应是“保护动物”。
than...理解题。根据第四段中"Animals are more than... in the balance of nature."可以看出,每一种动物的存在都是有道理的,都是为了维持自然界的平衡。
3.解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Because we need animals."可确定A项正确。根据第四段中的"Every animal has its place in the balance of nature."可确定C项正确;根据第二段中的"Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared from the earth forever."可确定D项正确。B项说法过于绝对,由文章最后一段中"These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list."可知B项错误。
4.解析:推理判断题。根据第一段和第四段的描述可以看出,以前人们对于动物的保护并不关注,当然也并未意识到动物保护的重要性,故A项错。通过对文章第四段的理解可以得知动物在人们的生活中起着重要作用,故B项正确。文中提到鹰的数量由于人类的捕杀而减少,但并非现在的情况,故可排除C项。D项中提到许多国家制定了法律来禁止对一切动物的捕杀,忽略了文中on the danger list这个说法,故该项是不对的。
3．答案：1.B2.A2.A 3.C 4.C
解析：1. B细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“It cannot tell the other bees where the food is by speaking to them, but it does a little dance in the air. This tells the bees where the food is.” 可知，蜜蜂是通过跳 舞来交流信息的，故选B。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“The rabbit has reminded them of potential dangers without making a sound.” 可知选 A。
3. C主旨大意题。说明文的第一段通常会点出说明的对象。根据第一段最后一句 “But if we watch them, we can see that they do have ways of communicating with each other.” 可知，各种动物都有 自己的交流方式，故选C。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第四段中 “Some birds make several different sounds, each with its own meaning.” 可知选 C。
4．答案：ECFAB
解析：1. E 根据后一句 “so it’s important to stay safe as you do it”可知，游泳的时候保证安全很重要，E选项，游泳有时候存在危险，与后一句属于因果关系，切题，故选 E项。
2. C 本段主要讲述游泳的时候确保救生员在旁边， 注意游泳的警示标志，因此可知本段讲述游泳的区域很重 要，故C选项切题，选C项。
3. F 本段主要讲述游泳时跳水的注意事项。根据后 一句 “In natural water, don't dive unless you know that the water is deep enough.”可知，在不同环境下，跳水的注意事 项，故F选项切题，选F项。
4. A 根据前一句 “Make sure you have a. friend with you whenever you swim.” 以及后一句 “that person can make sure you get help”可知，本段主要讲述游泳的时候要有一个朋友在旁边。后一句就是阐述这样做的原因：万一出现 情况，可以及时获得帮助，故A选项切题，选A项。
5. B 根据前一句 “By following these simple rules, you can make sure your swim time is safe as well as fun.” 可 知，注意上述的事项，就可以确保游泳高兴又安全，B选项 切题，故选B项。
5．答案：caring
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:说到照顾老人,你必须有足够的耐心和爱。When it comes to…是固定结构,意为"说到……,就……而言”,其中to是介词,后接名词、代词和动词-ing形式作宾语。
6．答案：emotional
解析：考查词性转换。句意：母亲通常是为家庭提供精神支持的人。空格后面的support为名词，所以应用形容词emotional修饰。
7．答案：GO! GO! GO!!!
The Hope Cup Championship
Sponsored by The Students’ Union
Exciting Soccer Final Between 2 Powers!
Don’t miss the opportunity!
Place：The new stadium
Time：Sat. 3：30 pm, Oct. 15
Teams： Computer Dept. VS. Chinese Dept.
解析：
