江西省赣州市瑞金第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（含答案，无听力原文及音频）
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| 名称 | 江西省赣州市瑞金第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（含答案，无听力原文及音频） |  | |
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2024-2025学年江西省赣州市瑞金第一中学高三上学期开学考试
英语试题
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Buy a new refrigerator. B. Clean the refrigerator. C. Have the refrigerator fixed.
2. What does the man plan to do tomorrow
A. Have a rest. B. Attend a meeting. C. Watch a match.
3. How does the woman sound
A. Angry. B. Disappointed. C. Excited.
4. What does the woman mean
A. She isn't feeling well. B. She likes gymnastics a lot. C. She is unable to join the team.
5. When does the conversation probably take place
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the afternoon.
第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do we know about Caroline
A. She does ballet exercises. B. She runs a studio. C. She is a dancer.
7. Where does the man prefer to exercise
A. In a gym. B. In a park. C. In a studio.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Waiter and customer.
9. What does the man usually do on Tuesday afternoons
A. He takes classes. B. He works part-time. C. He goes to library.
10. When will the speakers meet
A. On Tuesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does Elizabeth look worried today
A. Her wallet was gone. B. She didn't get her visa. C. She got lost in the theater.
12. What has Elizabeth done
A. She's contacted the theater. B. She's put an ad in China Daily. C. She's turned to the police for help.
13. What will the man do for Elizabeth
A. Treat her to breakfast. B. Call his uncle. C. Lend some money to her.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the woman want to do first
A. Tour around the city. B. Book tickets to Amsterdam. C. Reserve a hotel on Gother street.
15. What is the woman's expectation of the hotel
A. It won't cost much. B. It's clean and green. C. It's close to the shopping malls.
16. What do we know about the Royal Factory
A. It's state- owned. B. It produces great silk. C. It was built 100 years ago.
17. Why do the speakers come to the city
A. To take a vacation. B. To go on business. C. To visit a friend.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker
A. An architect. B. A hostess. C. A tour guide.
19. What is unique about Micheal Jackson's home
A. There are six cars. B. It offers courses in sports. C. Various animals live there.
20. What does the speaker say about Micheal Jackson
A. His home brought him fame. B. His private life was well known. C. He deserved his wonderful home.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Aptitude Tests Recommendations
Aptitude tests are helpful to job seekers of all ages. While career quizzes explore your values and work style, aptitude tests provide a more objective evaluation of your skills, helping you select a career you’re most likely to succeed in. Below are some of the best aptitude tests out there.
Clifton Strengths
The Clifton Strengths program was created based on research around leadership. The research in question pointed to common strengths among successful leaders, like strategic thinking, adaptability and communication. To complete the test, you must answer around 150 questions, each within 20 seconds. Allen Cheung, a tech blogger, notes that CliftonStrengths is more valuable than your average career test because it includes “tricky questions which aren’t as easily gamed”.
Red Bull Wingfinder
Developed and tested out by psychology experts, the Red Bull Wingfinder assesses your thinking under pressure. Questions include image sorting, logic puzzles and leadership-related questions. Once you complete the test, you’ll receive a nine-page report and career coaching tailored to your results.
SEI Development Report
The SEI Development Report is an extensive EQ aptitude test that has timed right-and-wrong answers that assess eight fundamentals, including emotional literacy, emotional management and empathy. At the end, you’ll receive a 20-page report with recommended courses on workplace EQ development.
CareerOneStop
While it only takes a few minutes to complete, the CareerOneStop Skills Assessment will help you rank both your technical and soft skills. The career suggestions at the end can be sorted by relevance, annual wages, and job outlook, coupled with with professional coaching or consultation improve your skills.
1. What do aptitude tests mainly assess for job seekers
A. Their work ethics. B. Their career interest.
C. Their preferred work style. D. Their professional competence.
2. What is a unique feature of Clifton Strengths
A. It evaluates leadership skills. B. It is developed by experts.
C. It includes challenging questions. D. It offers a comprehensive report.
3. Which test suits a job seeker who prefers categorized suggestions and career coaching
A. Clift on Strengths B. Red Bull Wingfinder
C. SEI Development Report D. CareerOneStop
B
For some of us, going to the dentist for routine check-ups is a thing of the ordinary. But for many people around the world, especially those in impoverished (贫困的) areas, having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t possible. A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rossi has devoted himself to helping changing that situation.
Growing up in USA, Felipe Rossi had just obtained the Bachelor of Medicine Degree and was about to start a master’s degree in Pediatric Dentistry (儿童口腔学) when a journey to his father’s home — Balsabo in Brazil — converted his initial plan. “All locals didn’t have access to dental care, and consequently, many of them suffered deformed teeth or even loss of teeth, leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouth open.” Felipe Rossi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems.”
With the support of his parents, Felipe formed an NGO (non-government organization) called Porsorriso to give free oral treatments to individuals with low incomes who require cleaning. fillings, crowns, restoration work and more. His team is composed of approximately 30 registered volunteers who go with him to poor towns and villages in Brazil.
Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies. Individuals may also make donations through the ‘Smile Solidarity’ program, where they can choose monthly amounts to contribute. Porsorriso also holds regular fundraisers to afford the cost of providing free dental services around the country.
As noble as its objective is, Felipe admits that Porsorriso is “struggling to survive” because of the huge cost of providing dental work and the constant fundraising events they have to hold to keep the NGO in normal functioning. “Challenging as it is, it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed confidence to the locals. We will continue this transformative act whatever difficulties we will face”. Felipe said with a strong will.
4. How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A. By posing a contrast.
B. By reporting an event.
C. By assuming a situation.
D. By making an appeal.
5. What motivated Felipe to offer dental treatments to Brazilians
A. The support from his parents.
B. The passion for dental health.
C. The encounter with local s lacking dental care.
D. The professional skills and knowledge from college.
6. Which of the following can best describe Felipe Rossi
A. Hopeful and diligent.
B. Faithful and ambitious.
C. Intelligent and creative.
D. Charitable and dedicated.
7. What do we know about Porsorriso
A. It gives free oral treatments to anyone in need.
B. It is cooperated by Felipe Rossi and the local authority.
C. It is financially supported by corporations and individuals.
D. It holds regular fundraisers to educate people about dental care.
C
When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez makes a note of any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which she is helping develop for Porsche Engineering.
Those algorithms are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself. Such a fully autonomous car known in the industry as Level 5, should be able to complete an entire journey without any intervention from the driver, and deal with all situations on the road. But this is proving hard to achieve, and many attempts to do so are being abandoned. Last year, for instance, Uber sold off its unit developing self-driving cars.
Autonomous vehicles are said to be not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, so do machines. And machines are not quick learners. The RAND Corporation calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
Carmakers such as Porsche therefore speed up the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about dangers rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines” to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. Objects in these virtual worlds are assigned their physical characteristics (ie, buildings are hard. people are soft) so that the sensors in vehicles respond in the appropriate way. Once the software has been trained, it is tested in real autonomous vehicles by re-creating those situations on a test track.
How quickly all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome the doubt that a software drive really can be safer than a human being.
From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is another question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those bragging rights (炫耀的权利) away
8. What does Clara-Marina Martinez intend to do
A Market Porsche cars. B. Learn to be a responsible driver.
C. Enjoy riding in a self-driving car. D. Improve the AI technology.
9. What is the problem with self-driving cars
A. They learn as slowly as human beings. B. They have to be monitored by human drivers.
C. They need a long time to reach a certain safety level. D. They can operate for a very short period of time.
10. What are Dr Martinez and her colleagues doing
A. Enabling software to identify road dangers. B. Fixing sensors in autonomous vehicles.
C. Re-creating road situations on a test track. D. Separating the real world from the virtual world.
11. What worries Porsche according to the last paragraph
A. The reliability of car software. B. The future of its sports car market.
C. The quality of self-driving cars. D. The driving skills of human beings.
D
Climate change and beer might be two things that rarely appear in the same sentence. But according to an article in the scientific journal Nature Plants if the Earth gets warmer, your Friday-night drink might get pricier.
The team behind the article modelled the effect of extreme events on production of barley, the main ingredient of beer. “Extreme weather conditions such as drought or heat will impact barley production. Barley is irreplaceable in beer making,” said Xie Wei, first author of the article. “If barley production drops, beer production will also drop, and beer might get more expensive.” When global temperatures rise to their highest, global beer supply will drop 16 percent. Prices will also hike due to drop of supply. For instance, a 4.84-U. S.-dollar price hike for a 500 ml bottle is projected in Ireland, almost doubling the previous price. Quality of that beer might also be affected. If barley cannot receive enough irrigation, quality of the protein and carbohydrate in its grain will drop.
In fact, the effect of drought on beer production has been seen. Bloomberg reported that drought and heat caused a 30 to 40 percent drop in barley production in European barley producing regions during summer 2018, leading to a 35 percent price hike of barley in France.
However, regional fluctuations in barley production are still manageable now. If production in one region fails, beer makers can make it up by importing more from other regions. But if climate change gets out of control, the impact will be global. Agriculture is incredibly vulnerable to climate change.
Xie pointed out the impact of climate change is not only limited to staple crops. “We are only using barley and beer as an example of high-added-value agricultural products,” said Xie. “In countries like China, per person consumption of staple crops is dropping, but that of products such as dairy and beer is rising.”
Beer, not essential for human survival, occupies a major part in culture around the world. That gives people yet one more reason to care more about climate change.
12. What can we know from the first two paragraphs
A. Extreme weather influences the price of beer.
B. The more irrigation, the better quality of beer.
C. It’s necessary to replace barley in beer making.
D. Efforts should be made to promote beer production.
13. Why is Bloomberg’s report mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. To lead in a new topic. B. To make a comparison.
C. To give a supporting example. D. To provide background information.
14. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” probably mean in Paragraph 4
A. Important. B. Sensitive. C. Adaptable. D. Resistant.
15. What’s the author’s potential purpose to write the text
A. To popularize agricultural products.
B. To show the importance of beer in culture.
C. To draw people’s concern on climate change.
D. To indicate the impact of temperature on staple crops.
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why are Police Officers Called Cops
Police officers are often referred to as cops. ____16____ Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”.
General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take. ____17____
Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops. Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”.
____19____ And it is no longer considered rude. However, certain other terms for police officers are definitely unwelcome. While British Police might not mind being called “bobbies”, no police members like to be referred to as “pigs” or the “fuzz”. Some don’t mind the term the “heat” as applied to the whole police force, but the police force does not generally take kindly to terms given to them by criminals.
The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop. ____20____
A. The term is slightly less familiar to people.
B. So, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar.
C. These words define some of what a police officer does.
D. The profession of a police officer was not respected then.
E. But the origins of this nickname are something of a debate.
F. However, the term “police officer” is generally most correct.
G. Today it is appropriate to call members of the police force cops.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The path to pottery (制陶) was far from direct for Kaley Black. Her first ____21____ was as a producer in the film industry, a role she found unfulfilling. While living in Poland, Blank ____22____ a routine of regularly visiting a cafe, passing a ceramics(陶艺)studio on her way. ____23____ she had no exposure and training in running a business or ceramics, each trip past the studio awakened her curiosity closer to ____24____.
After returning to the US, Blank ____25____ a six-week pottery course. Then, she bought her own pottery tools. By the spring of 2022, Blank had ____26____ her skills and opened her own studio, Blank Ceramics, which is now her career.
Blank ____27____ how our ancestors viewed ceramics as both an art and a tool. This means that she always makes sure the ____28____ use of her pieces comes first in their design. For her pottery is special because it involves using a skill from the past to ____29____ art from nature. She gets her clay _____30_____ from the ground, just like her ideas for new art. “Handma de pottery is one of the first human skills,” explains Blank. “It feels so fulfilling to learn skills, as well as to _____31_____ stories and art.”
In addition to being available for _____32_____ online, Blank’s finished pottery can also be bought at shops offline. As she considers how her studio might _____33_____, Blank has a wide perspective: “A ceramic piece that has been fired will last forever; it doesn’t fade over time. My work will far _____34_____ me, which I find truly fascinating. It keeps me _____35_____ and intentional about what pieces I create.”
21. A. task B. dream C. agenda D. career
22. A. adopted B. varied C. broke D. changed
23. A. Since B. Unless C. Though D. Before
24. A. belief B. hope C. decision D. action
25. A. dropped out of B. signed up for C. caught up on D. looked forward to
26. A. corrected B. assessed C. adjusted D. perfected
27 A. doubts B. pities C. respects D. anticipates
28. A. private B. practical C. official D. commercial
29. A. create B. absorb C. describe D. interpret
30. A. hardly B. slowly C. directly D. occasionally
31. A. read B. display C. relate D. spread
32 A. entertainment B. appreciation C. storage D. purchase
33. A. finish B. survive C. expand D. transform
34. A. outlast B. outshine C. outnumber D. outperform
35. A. humble B. emotional C. discouraged D. astonished
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Organising Committee for the Olympic Games Paris 2024 has unveiled its new emblem. It was revealed following an innovative launch ceremony, which ____36____ (see) over 700 runners ran different routes around the centre of Paris and Saint-Seine-Denis, forming the outline of the new Paris 2024 emblem.
The new design is a ____37____ (combine) of the gold medal, the Olympic-flame and Marianne, which brings together the values, history and French touch that will make the Games truly special.
The emblem embraces the shape and colour of the most beautiful medal of all, which is also a reminder that the core values of sport is competing ____38____ excellence. That same commitment also informs every step that Paris. 2024 is taking in organising the Games, so that it can fulfil the promises it has made ____39____ (stage) a different, grounded, ____40____ (sustain) and inclusive Games.
The Olympic and Paralympic flames reflects the unique energy of the Games, ____41____ (bring) people together. The Games will help improve the lives of the residents ____42____ are now in short of infrastructure (基础设施).
Finally, Marianne. With ____43____ (it) feminine traits, the Paris 2024 emblem shows respect for a woman who is a French national symbol known around the world, ____44____ familiar figure who is everywhere in the everyday lives of French people. Her face is also a nod to female athletes and history, as it was in 1900 at the Olympic Games in Paris _____45_____ women were first allowed to compete.
第四部分 写作部分
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你校的英文校报将发行以“劳动课”为专题的一期报纸，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 介绍你最喜欢的劳动课内容（如做清洁、种植和修理等）；
2. 劳动课的意义；
3. 呼吁更多同学参与劳动。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Labor class, part of our school courses, is required in primary and middle schools every week.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Most people think that procrastination (拖延症) is a negative habit. But people like me who routinely put off doing assignments, are likely to defend our “slower” approach to getting tasks done.
I'm the only procrastination in my family. My parents and sister were all born with the “do it right now” gift. They are always in a rush, as if closely rushed by an invisible deadline. Personally, I prefer a more relaxed pace. When my parents voiced their concern about my tendencies, saying “Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today,” “No way!” I responded, confidently presenting my research as a defense. It said people procrastinated when they need to solve a problem or commit to a topic or project. In these cases, delaying a decision can be beneficial. This was because our minds continue to reflect on problems even when we were not actively thinking about them, which could lead to more creative solutions. My findings filled me with satisfaction and pride. My method of getting things done was just as good as my sister’s…or so I thought.
At school we’d been talking about architecture and design. As part of the final assessment my teacher Mr. Smith announced an exciting project that each student would have a month to complete. We were expected to choose our materials, construct a small building and make use of things we had learned in class. Not only would the winners receive extra credit, but the winning constructions would be proudly displayed in the cafeteria. “I have no clue how I could get it done,” my friend Nate sighed in despair. I didn’t say anything. Not because I shared his anxiety-but because I was not nervous at all. I loved hands-on projects! Picturing my brilliant work exhibited in the cafeteria, I was fully convinced that I would definitely produce something that could impress everyone. So relaxed was I that I didn’t give it a second thought for weeks.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Before I knew it, I had only one day left for the project.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That taught me a great lesson.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案版
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Buy a new refrigerator. B. Clean the refrigerator. C. Have the refrigerator fixed.
2. What does the man plan to do tomorrow
A. Have a rest. B. Attend a meeting. C. Watch a match.
3. How does the woman sound
A. Angry. B. Disappointed. C. Excited.
4. What does the woman mean
A. She isn't feeling well. B. She likes gymnastics a lot. C. She is unable to join the team.
5. When does the conversation probably take place
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the afternoon.
第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do we know about Caroline
A. She does ballet exercises. B. She runs a studio. C. She is a dancer.
7. Where does the man prefer to exercise
A. In a gym. B. In a park. C. In a studio.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Waiter and customer.
9. What does the man usually do on Tuesday afternoons
A. He takes classes. B. He works part-time. C. He goes to library.
10. When will the speakers meet
A. On Tuesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does Elizabeth look worried today
A. Her wallet was gone. B. She didn't get her visa. C. She got lost in the theater.
12. What has Elizabeth done
A. She's contacted the theater. B. She's put an ad in China Daily. C. She's turned to the police for help.
13. What will the man do for Elizabeth
A. Treat her to breakfast. B. Call his uncle. C. Lend some money to her.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the woman want to do first
A. Tour around the city. B. Book tickets to Amsterdam. C. Reserve a hotel on Gother street.
15. What is the woman's expectation of the hotel
A. It won't cost much. B. It's clean and green. C. It's close to the shopping malls.
16. What do we know about the Royal Factory
A. It's state- owned. B. It produces great silk. C. It was built 100 years ago.
17. Why do the speakers come to the city
A. To take a vacation. B. To go on business. C. To visit a friend.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker
A. An architect. B. A hostess. C. A tour guide.
19. What is unique about Micheal Jackson's home
A. There are six cars. B. It offers courses in sports. C. Various animals live there.
20. What does the speaker say about Micheal Jackson
A. His home brought him fame. B. His private life was well known. C. He deserved his wonderful home.
听力答案 略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Aptitude Tests Recommendations
Aptitude tests are helpful to job seekers of all ages. While career quizzes explore your values and work style, aptitude tests provide a more objective evaluation of your skills, helping you select a career you’re most likely to succeed in. Below are some of the best aptitude tests out there.
Clifton Strengths
The Clifton Strengths program was created based on research around leadership. The research in question pointed to common strengths among successful leaders, like strategic thinking, adaptability and communication. To complete the test, you must answer around 150 questions, each within 20 seconds. Allen Cheung, a tech blogger, notes that CliftonStrengths is more valuable than your average career test because it includes “tricky questions which aren’t as easily gamed”.
Red Bull Wingfinder
Developed and tested out by psychology experts, the Red Bull Wingfinder assesses your thinking under pressure. Questions include image sorting, logic puzzles and leadership-related questions. Once you complete the test, you’ll receive a nine-page report and career coaching tailored to your results.
SEI Development Report
The SEI Development Report is an extensive EQ aptitude test that has timed right-and-wrong answers that assess eight fundamentals, including emotional literacy, emotional management and empathy. At the end, you’ll receive a 20-page report with recommended courses on workplace EQ development.
CareerOneStop
While it only takes a few minutes to complete, the CareerOneStop Skills Assessment will help you rank both your technical and soft skills. The career suggestions at the end can be sorted by relevance, annual wages, and job outlook, coupled with with professional coaching or consultation improve your skills.
1. What do aptitude tests mainly assess for job seekers
A. Their work ethics. B. Their career interest.
C. Their preferred work style. D. Their professional competence.
2. What is a unique feature of Clifton Strengths
A. It evaluates leadership skills. B. It is developed by experts.
C. It includes challenging questions. D. It offers a comprehensive report.
3. Which test suits a job seeker who prefers categorized suggestions and career coaching
A. Clift on Strengths B. Red Bull Wingfinder
C. SEI Development Report D. CareerOneStop
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
B
For some of us, going to the dentist for routine check-ups is a thing of the ordinary. But for many people around the world, especially those in impoverished (贫困的) areas, having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t possible. A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rossi has devoted himself to helping changing that situation.
Growing up in USA, Felipe Rossi had just obtained the Bachelor of Medicine Degree and was about to start a master’s degree in Pediatric Dentistry (儿童口腔学) when a journey to his father’s home — Balsabo in Brazil — converted his initial plan. “All locals didn’t have access to dental care, and consequently, many of them suffered deformed teeth or even loss of teeth, leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouth open.” Felipe Rossi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems.”
With the support of his parents, Felipe formed an NGO (non-government organization) called Porsorriso to give free oral treatments to individuals with low incomes who require cleaning. fillings, crowns, restoration work and more. His team is composed of approximately 30 registered volunteers who go with him to poor towns and villages in Brazil.
Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies. Individuals may also make donations through the ‘Smile Solidarity’ program, where they can choose monthly amounts to contribute. Porsorriso also holds regular fundraisers to afford the cost of providing free dental services around the country.
As noble as its objective is, Felipe admits that Porsorriso is “struggling to survive” because of the huge cost of providing dental work and the constant fundraising events they have to hold to keep the NGO in normal functioning. “Challenging as it is, it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed confidence to the locals. We will continue this transformative act whatever difficulties we will face”. Felipe said with a strong will.
4. How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A. By posing a contrast.
B. By reporting an event.
C. By assuming a situation.
D. By making an appeal.
5. What motivated Felipe to offer dental treatments to Brazilians
A. The support from his parents.
B. The passion for dental health.
C. The encounter with local s lacking dental care.
D. The professional skills and knowledge from college.
6. Which of the following can best describe Felipe Rossi
A. Hopeful and diligent.
B. Faithful and ambitious.
C. Intelligent and creative.
D. Charitable and dedicated.
7. What do we know about Porsorriso
A. It gives free oral treatments to anyone in need.
B. It is cooperated by Felipe Rossi and the local authority.
C. It is financially supported by corporations and individuals.
D. It holds regular fundraisers to educate people about dental care.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C
C
When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez makes a note of any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which she is helping develop for Porsche Engineering.
Those algorithms are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself. Such a fully autonomous car known in the industry as Level 5, should be able to complete an entire journey without any intervention from the driver, and deal with all situations on the road. But this is proving hard to achieve, and many attempts to do so are being abandoned. Last year, for instance, Uber sold off its unit developing self-driving cars.
Autonomous vehicles are said to be not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, so do machines. And machines are not quick learners. The RAND Corporation calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
Carmakers such as Porsche therefore speed up the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about dangers rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines” to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. Objects in these virtual worlds are assigned their physical characteristics (ie, buildings are hard. people are soft) so that the sensors in vehicles respond in the appropriate way. Once the software has been trained, it is tested in real autonomous vehicles by re-creating those situations on a test track.
How quickly all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome the doubt that a software drive really can be safer than a human being.
From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is another question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those bragging rights (炫耀的权利) away
8. What does Clara-Marina Martinez intend to do
A. Market Porsche cars. B. Learn to be a responsible driver.
C. Enjoy riding in a self-driving car. D. Improve the AI technology.
9. What is the problem with self-driving cars
A. They learn as slowly as human beings. B. They have to be monitored by human drivers.
C. They need a long time to reach a certain safety level. D. They can operate for a very short period of time.
10. What are Dr Martinez and her colleagues doing
A. Enabling software to identify road dangers. B. Fixing sensors in autonomous vehicles.
C. Re-creating road situations on a test track. D. Separating the real world from the virtual world.
11. What worries Porsche according to the last paragraph
A. The reliability of car software. B. The future of its sports car market.
C. The quality of self-driving cars. D. The driving skills of human beings.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
D
Climate change and beer might be two things that rarely appear in the same sentence. But according to an article in the scientific journal Nature Plants, if the Earth gets warmer, your Friday-night drink might get pricier.
The team behind the article modelled the effect of extreme events on production of barley, the main ingredient of beer. “Extreme weather conditions such as drought or heat will impact barley production. Barley is irreplaceable in beer making,” said Xie Wei, first author of the article. “If barley production drops, beer production will also drop, and beer might get more expensive.” When global temperatures rise to their highest, global beer supply will drop 16 percent. Prices will also hike due to drop of supply. For instance, a 4.84-U. S.-dollar price hike for a 500 ml bottle is projected in Ireland, almost doubling the previous price. Quality of that beer might also be affected. If barley cannot receive enough irrigation, quality of the protein and carbohydrate in its grain will drop.
In fact, the effect of drought on beer production has been seen. Bloomberg reported that drought and heat caused a 30 to 40 percent drop in barley production in European barley producing regions during summer 2018, leading to a 35 percent price hike of barley in France.
However, regional fluctuations in barley production are still manageable now. If production in one region fails, beer makers can make it up by importing more from other regions. But if climate change gets out of control, the impact will be global. Agriculture is incredibly vulnerable to climate change.
Xie pointed out the impact of climate change is not only limited to staple crops. “We are only using barley and beer as an example of high-added-value agricultural products,” said Xie. “In countries like China, per person consumption of staple crops is dropping, but that of products such as dairy and beer is rising.”
Beer, not essential for human survival, occupies a major part in culture around the world. That gives people yet one more reason to care more about climate change.
12. What can we know from the first two paragraphs
A. Extreme weather influences the price of beer.
B. The more irrigation, the better quality of beer.
C. It’s necessary to replace barley in beer making.
D. Efforts should be made to promote beer production.
13. Why is Bloomberg’s report mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. To lead in a new topic. B. To make a comparison.
C. To give a supporting example. D. To provide background information.
14. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” probably mean in Paragraph 4
A. Important. B. Sensitive. C. Adaptable. D. Resistant.
15. What’s the author’s potential purpose to write the text
A. To popularize agricultural products.
B. To show the importance of beer in culture.
C. To draw people’s concern on climate change.
D. To indicate the impact of temperature on staple crops.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why are Police Officers Called Cops
Police officers are often referred to as cops. ____16____ Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”.
General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take. ____17____
Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops. Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”.
____19____ And it is no longer considered rude. However, certain other terms for police officers are definitely unwelcome. While British Police might not mind being called “bobbies”, no police members like to be referred to as “pigs” or the “fuzz”. Some don’t mind the term the “heat” as applied to the whole police force, but the police force does not generally take kindly to terms given to them by criminals.
The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop. ____20____
A. The term is slightly less familiar to people.
B. So, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar.
C. These words define some of what a police officer does.
D. The profession of a police officer was not respected then.
E. But the origins of this nickname are something of a debate.
F. However, the term “police officer” is generally most correct.
G. Today it is appropriate to call members of the police force cops.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. F
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The path to pottery (制陶) was far from direct for Kaley Black. Her first ____21____ was as a producer in the film industry, a role she found unfulfilling. While living in Poland, Blank ____22____ a routine of regularly visiting a cafe, passing a ceramics(陶艺)studio on her way. ____23____ she had no exposure and training in running a business or ceramics, each trip past the studio awakened her curiosity closer to ____24____.
After returning to the US, Blank ____25____ a six-week pottery course. Then, she bought her own pottery tools. By the spring of 2022, Blank had ____26____ her skills and opened her own studio, Blank Ceramics, which is now her career.
Blank ____27____ how our ancestors viewed ceramics as both an art and a tool. This means that she always makes sure the ____28____ use of her pieces comes first in their design. For her, pottery is special because it involves using a skill from the past to ____29____ art from nature. She gets her clay _____30_____ from the ground, just like her ideas for new art. “Handma de pottery is one of the first human skills,” explains Blank. “It feels so fulfilling to learn skills, as well as to _____31_____ stories and art.”
In addition to being available for _____32_____ online, Blank’s finished pottery can also be bought at shops offline. As she considers how her studio might _____33_____, Blank has a wide perspective: “A ceramic piece that has been fired will last forever; it doesn’t fade over time. My work will far _____34_____ me, which I find truly fascinating. It keeps me _____35_____ and intentional about what pieces I create.”
21. A. task B. dream C. agenda D. career
22. A. adopted B. varied C. broke D. changed
23. A. Since B. Unless C. Though D. Before
24. A. belief B. hope C. decision D. action
25. A. dropped out of B. signed up for C. caught up on D. looked forward to
26. A. corrected B. assessed C. adjusted D. perfected
27. A. doubts B. pities C. respects D. anticipates
28. A. private B. practical C. official D. commercial
29. A. create B. absorb C. describe D. interpret
30. A. hardly B. slowly C. directly D. occasionally
31. A. read B. display C. relate D. spread
32. A. entertainment B. appreciation C. storage D. purchase
33. A. finish B. survive C. expand D. transform
34. A. outlast B. outshine C. outnumber D. outperform
35. A. humble B. emotional C. discouraged D. astonished
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. A
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Organising Committee for the Olympic Games Paris 2024 has unveiled its new emblem. It was revealed following an innovative launch ceremony, which ____36____ (see) over 700 runners ran different routes around the centre of Paris and Saint-Seine-Denis, forming the outline of the new Paris 2024 emblem.
The new design is a ____37____ (combine) of the gold medal, the Olympic-flame and Marianne, which brings together the values, history and French touch that will make the Games truly special.
The emblem embraces the shape and colour of the most beautiful medal of all, which is also a reminder that the core values of sport is competing ____38____ excellence. That same commitment also informs every step that Paris. 2024 is taking in organising the Games, so that it can fulfil the promises it has made ____39____ (stage) a different, grounded, ____40____ (sustain) and inclusive Games.
The Olympic and Paralympic flames reflects the unique energy of the Games, ____41____ (bring) people together. The Games will help improve the lives of the residents ____42____ are now in short of infrastructure (基础设施).
Finally, Marianne. With ____43____ (it) feminine traits, the Paris 2024 emblem shows respect for a woman who is a French national symbol known around the world, ____44____ familiar figure who is everywhere in the everyday lives of French people. Her face is also a nod to female athletes and history, as it was in 1900 at the Olympic Games in Paris _____45_____ women were first allowed to compete.
【答案】36. saw
bination
38. for 39. to stage
40. sustainable
41. bringing
42. who##that
43. its 44. a
45. that
第四部分 写作部分
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你校英文校报将发行以“劳动课”为专题的一期报纸，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 介绍你最喜欢的劳动课内容（如做清洁、种植和修理等）；
2. 劳动课的意义；
3. 呼吁更多同学参与劳动。
注意：1 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Labor class, part of our school courses, is required in primary and middle schools every week.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Labor class, part of our school courses, is required in primary and middle schools every week. Labor education is a must that we should attach importance to since it strengthens students awareness of labor and develops their practical skills.
Of all the labor courses, I like planting most, because it offers me chances to endure difficulties and get close to nature. And the planting process can bring me a sense of satisfaction and achievement, so I really consider it the best way to relax myself.
Thanks to labor class, I’ve found my personal interest and become a well-rounded student! Here I sincerely invite all of you to enjoy the fun of planting, or some other labor courses you like.
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Most people think that procrastination (拖延症) is a negative habit. But people like me who routinely put off doing assignments, are likely to defend our “slower” approach to getting tasks done.
I'm the only procrastination in my family. My parents and sister were all born with the “do it right now” gift. They are always in a rush, as if closely rushed by an invisible deadline. Personally, I prefer a more relaxed pace. When my parents voiced their concern about my tendencies, saying “Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today,” “No way!” I responded, confidently presenting my research as a defense. It said people procrastinated when they need to solve a problem or commit to a topic or project. In these cases, delaying a decision can be beneficial. This was because our minds continue to reflect on problems even when we were not actively thinking about them, which could lead to more creative solutions. My findings filled me with satisfaction and pride. My method of getting things done was just as good as my sister’s…or so I thought.
At school we’d been talking about architecture and design. As part of the final assessment my teacher Mr. Smith announced an exciting project that each student would have a month to complete. We were expected to choose our materials, construct a small building and make use of things we had learned in class. Not only would the winners receive extra credit, but the winning constructions would be proudly displayed in the cafeteria. “I have no clue how I could get it done,” my friend Nate sighed in despair. I didn’t say anything. Not because I shared his anxiety-but because I was not nervous at all. I loved hands-on projects! Picturing my brilliant work exhibited in the cafeteria, I was fully convinced that I would definitely produce something that could impress everyone. So relaxed was I that I didn’t give it a second thought for weeks.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Before I knew it, I had only one day left for the project.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That taught me a great lesson.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para.1 Before I knew it, I had only one day left for the project. In a panic I hastily and quickly gluing together what I pulled out from our recycle bin, my hands shaking with the weight of each hasty decision. The finished result looked miserable. Several of my classmates, including Nate, had created amazingly detailed constructions. They used materials like clay, wood and so on and were highly praised by Mr. Smith. When I saw their models, I felt even more embarrassed about mine. It was obvious that they had put a lot more time into the assignment than I had.
Para.2 That taught me a great lesson. I learnt from that day the importance of deciding on my priorities and budgeting my time. From then on, I tackled things a lot earlier instead of putting things off until tomorrow. As a result, not only did I finish my tasks on time, but also I felt better because I didn’t have to panic at the last minute. At the end of the semester, my work was chosen by Mr Smith on another occasion. Seeing my change, my parents and my sister were so proud of me. It dawned on me that getting things done on time instead of being a procrastinator really counted.
英语试题
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Buy a new refrigerator. B. Clean the refrigerator. C. Have the refrigerator fixed.
2. What does the man plan to do tomorrow
A. Have a rest. B. Attend a meeting. C. Watch a match.
3. How does the woman sound
A. Angry. B. Disappointed. C. Excited.
4. What does the woman mean
A. She isn't feeling well. B. She likes gymnastics a lot. C. She is unable to join the team.
5. When does the conversation probably take place
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the afternoon.
第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do we know about Caroline
A. She does ballet exercises. B. She runs a studio. C. She is a dancer.
7. Where does the man prefer to exercise
A. In a gym. B. In a park. C. In a studio.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Waiter and customer.
9. What does the man usually do on Tuesday afternoons
A. He takes classes. B. He works part-time. C. He goes to library.
10. When will the speakers meet
A. On Tuesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does Elizabeth look worried today
A. Her wallet was gone. B. She didn't get her visa. C. She got lost in the theater.
12. What has Elizabeth done
A. She's contacted the theater. B. She's put an ad in China Daily. C. She's turned to the police for help.
13. What will the man do for Elizabeth
A. Treat her to breakfast. B. Call his uncle. C. Lend some money to her.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the woman want to do first
A. Tour around the city. B. Book tickets to Amsterdam. C. Reserve a hotel on Gother street.
15. What is the woman's expectation of the hotel
A. It won't cost much. B. It's clean and green. C. It's close to the shopping malls.
16. What do we know about the Royal Factory
A. It's state- owned. B. It produces great silk. C. It was built 100 years ago.
17. Why do the speakers come to the city
A. To take a vacation. B. To go on business. C. To visit a friend.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker
A. An architect. B. A hostess. C. A tour guide.
19. What is unique about Micheal Jackson's home
A. There are six cars. B. It offers courses in sports. C. Various animals live there.
20. What does the speaker say about Micheal Jackson
A. His home brought him fame. B. His private life was well known. C. He deserved his wonderful home.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Aptitude Tests Recommendations
Aptitude tests are helpful to job seekers of all ages. While career quizzes explore your values and work style, aptitude tests provide a more objective evaluation of your skills, helping you select a career you’re most likely to succeed in. Below are some of the best aptitude tests out there.
Clifton Strengths
The Clifton Strengths program was created based on research around leadership. The research in question pointed to common strengths among successful leaders, like strategic thinking, adaptability and communication. To complete the test, you must answer around 150 questions, each within 20 seconds. Allen Cheung, a tech blogger, notes that CliftonStrengths is more valuable than your average career test because it includes “tricky questions which aren’t as easily gamed”.
Red Bull Wingfinder
Developed and tested out by psychology experts, the Red Bull Wingfinder assesses your thinking under pressure. Questions include image sorting, logic puzzles and leadership-related questions. Once you complete the test, you’ll receive a nine-page report and career coaching tailored to your results.
SEI Development Report
The SEI Development Report is an extensive EQ aptitude test that has timed right-and-wrong answers that assess eight fundamentals, including emotional literacy, emotional management and empathy. At the end, you’ll receive a 20-page report with recommended courses on workplace EQ development.
CareerOneStop
While it only takes a few minutes to complete, the CareerOneStop Skills Assessment will help you rank both your technical and soft skills. The career suggestions at the end can be sorted by relevance, annual wages, and job outlook, coupled with with professional coaching or consultation improve your skills.
1. What do aptitude tests mainly assess for job seekers
A. Their work ethics. B. Their career interest.
C. Their preferred work style. D. Their professional competence.
2. What is a unique feature of Clifton Strengths
A. It evaluates leadership skills. B. It is developed by experts.
C. It includes challenging questions. D. It offers a comprehensive report.
3. Which test suits a job seeker who prefers categorized suggestions and career coaching
A. Clift on Strengths B. Red Bull Wingfinder
C. SEI Development Report D. CareerOneStop
B
For some of us, going to the dentist for routine check-ups is a thing of the ordinary. But for many people around the world, especially those in impoverished (贫困的) areas, having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t possible. A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rossi has devoted himself to helping changing that situation.
Growing up in USA, Felipe Rossi had just obtained the Bachelor of Medicine Degree and was about to start a master’s degree in Pediatric Dentistry (儿童口腔学) when a journey to his father’s home — Balsabo in Brazil — converted his initial plan. “All locals didn’t have access to dental care, and consequently, many of them suffered deformed teeth or even loss of teeth, leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouth open.” Felipe Rossi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems.”
With the support of his parents, Felipe formed an NGO (non-government organization) called Porsorriso to give free oral treatments to individuals with low incomes who require cleaning. fillings, crowns, restoration work and more. His team is composed of approximately 30 registered volunteers who go with him to poor towns and villages in Brazil.
Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies. Individuals may also make donations through the ‘Smile Solidarity’ program, where they can choose monthly amounts to contribute. Porsorriso also holds regular fundraisers to afford the cost of providing free dental services around the country.
As noble as its objective is, Felipe admits that Porsorriso is “struggling to survive” because of the huge cost of providing dental work and the constant fundraising events they have to hold to keep the NGO in normal functioning. “Challenging as it is, it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed confidence to the locals. We will continue this transformative act whatever difficulties we will face”. Felipe said with a strong will.
4. How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A. By posing a contrast.
B. By reporting an event.
C. By assuming a situation.
D. By making an appeal.
5. What motivated Felipe to offer dental treatments to Brazilians
A. The support from his parents.
B. The passion for dental health.
C. The encounter with local s lacking dental care.
D. The professional skills and knowledge from college.
6. Which of the following can best describe Felipe Rossi
A. Hopeful and diligent.
B. Faithful and ambitious.
C. Intelligent and creative.
D. Charitable and dedicated.
7. What do we know about Porsorriso
A. It gives free oral treatments to anyone in need.
B. It is cooperated by Felipe Rossi and the local authority.
C. It is financially supported by corporations and individuals.
D. It holds regular fundraisers to educate people about dental care.
C
When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez makes a note of any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which she is helping develop for Porsche Engineering.
Those algorithms are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself. Such a fully autonomous car known in the industry as Level 5, should be able to complete an entire journey without any intervention from the driver, and deal with all situations on the road. But this is proving hard to achieve, and many attempts to do so are being abandoned. Last year, for instance, Uber sold off its unit developing self-driving cars.
Autonomous vehicles are said to be not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, so do machines. And machines are not quick learners. The RAND Corporation calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
Carmakers such as Porsche therefore speed up the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about dangers rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines” to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. Objects in these virtual worlds are assigned their physical characteristics (ie, buildings are hard. people are soft) so that the sensors in vehicles respond in the appropriate way. Once the software has been trained, it is tested in real autonomous vehicles by re-creating those situations on a test track.
How quickly all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome the doubt that a software drive really can be safer than a human being.
From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is another question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those bragging rights (炫耀的权利) away
8. What does Clara-Marina Martinez intend to do
A Market Porsche cars. B. Learn to be a responsible driver.
C. Enjoy riding in a self-driving car. D. Improve the AI technology.
9. What is the problem with self-driving cars
A. They learn as slowly as human beings. B. They have to be monitored by human drivers.
C. They need a long time to reach a certain safety level. D. They can operate for a very short period of time.
10. What are Dr Martinez and her colleagues doing
A. Enabling software to identify road dangers. B. Fixing sensors in autonomous vehicles.
C. Re-creating road situations on a test track. D. Separating the real world from the virtual world.
11. What worries Porsche according to the last paragraph
A. The reliability of car software. B. The future of its sports car market.
C. The quality of self-driving cars. D. The driving skills of human beings.
D
Climate change and beer might be two things that rarely appear in the same sentence. But according to an article in the scientific journal Nature Plants if the Earth gets warmer, your Friday-night drink might get pricier.
The team behind the article modelled the effect of extreme events on production of barley, the main ingredient of beer. “Extreme weather conditions such as drought or heat will impact barley production. Barley is irreplaceable in beer making,” said Xie Wei, first author of the article. “If barley production drops, beer production will also drop, and beer might get more expensive.” When global temperatures rise to their highest, global beer supply will drop 16 percent. Prices will also hike due to drop of supply. For instance, a 4.84-U. S.-dollar price hike for a 500 ml bottle is projected in Ireland, almost doubling the previous price. Quality of that beer might also be affected. If barley cannot receive enough irrigation, quality of the protein and carbohydrate in its grain will drop.
In fact, the effect of drought on beer production has been seen. Bloomberg reported that drought and heat caused a 30 to 40 percent drop in barley production in European barley producing regions during summer 2018, leading to a 35 percent price hike of barley in France.
However, regional fluctuations in barley production are still manageable now. If production in one region fails, beer makers can make it up by importing more from other regions. But if climate change gets out of control, the impact will be global. Agriculture is incredibly vulnerable to climate change.
Xie pointed out the impact of climate change is not only limited to staple crops. “We are only using barley and beer as an example of high-added-value agricultural products,” said Xie. “In countries like China, per person consumption of staple crops is dropping, but that of products such as dairy and beer is rising.”
Beer, not essential for human survival, occupies a major part in culture around the world. That gives people yet one more reason to care more about climate change.
12. What can we know from the first two paragraphs
A. Extreme weather influences the price of beer.
B. The more irrigation, the better quality of beer.
C. It’s necessary to replace barley in beer making.
D. Efforts should be made to promote beer production.
13. Why is Bloomberg’s report mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. To lead in a new topic. B. To make a comparison.
C. To give a supporting example. D. To provide background information.
14. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” probably mean in Paragraph 4
A. Important. B. Sensitive. C. Adaptable. D. Resistant.
15. What’s the author’s potential purpose to write the text
A. To popularize agricultural products.
B. To show the importance of beer in culture.
C. To draw people’s concern on climate change.
D. To indicate the impact of temperature on staple crops.
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why are Police Officers Called Cops
Police officers are often referred to as cops. ____16____ Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”.
General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take. ____17____
Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops. Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”.
____19____ And it is no longer considered rude. However, certain other terms for police officers are definitely unwelcome. While British Police might not mind being called “bobbies”, no police members like to be referred to as “pigs” or the “fuzz”. Some don’t mind the term the “heat” as applied to the whole police force, but the police force does not generally take kindly to terms given to them by criminals.
The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop. ____20____
A. The term is slightly less familiar to people.
B. So, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar.
C. These words define some of what a police officer does.
D. The profession of a police officer was not respected then.
E. But the origins of this nickname are something of a debate.
F. However, the term “police officer” is generally most correct.
G. Today it is appropriate to call members of the police force cops.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The path to pottery (制陶) was far from direct for Kaley Black. Her first ____21____ was as a producer in the film industry, a role she found unfulfilling. While living in Poland, Blank ____22____ a routine of regularly visiting a cafe, passing a ceramics(陶艺)studio on her way. ____23____ she had no exposure and training in running a business or ceramics, each trip past the studio awakened her curiosity closer to ____24____.
After returning to the US, Blank ____25____ a six-week pottery course. Then, she bought her own pottery tools. By the spring of 2022, Blank had ____26____ her skills and opened her own studio, Blank Ceramics, which is now her career.
Blank ____27____ how our ancestors viewed ceramics as both an art and a tool. This means that she always makes sure the ____28____ use of her pieces comes first in their design. For her pottery is special because it involves using a skill from the past to ____29____ art from nature. She gets her clay _____30_____ from the ground, just like her ideas for new art. “Handma de pottery is one of the first human skills,” explains Blank. “It feels so fulfilling to learn skills, as well as to _____31_____ stories and art.”
In addition to being available for _____32_____ online, Blank’s finished pottery can also be bought at shops offline. As she considers how her studio might _____33_____, Blank has a wide perspective: “A ceramic piece that has been fired will last forever; it doesn’t fade over time. My work will far _____34_____ me, which I find truly fascinating. It keeps me _____35_____ and intentional about what pieces I create.”
21. A. task B. dream C. agenda D. career
22. A. adopted B. varied C. broke D. changed
23. A. Since B. Unless C. Though D. Before
24. A. belief B. hope C. decision D. action
25. A. dropped out of B. signed up for C. caught up on D. looked forward to
26. A. corrected B. assessed C. adjusted D. perfected
27 A. doubts B. pities C. respects D. anticipates
28. A. private B. practical C. official D. commercial
29. A. create B. absorb C. describe D. interpret
30. A. hardly B. slowly C. directly D. occasionally
31. A. read B. display C. relate D. spread
32 A. entertainment B. appreciation C. storage D. purchase
33. A. finish B. survive C. expand D. transform
34. A. outlast B. outshine C. outnumber D. outperform
35. A. humble B. emotional C. discouraged D. astonished
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Organising Committee for the Olympic Games Paris 2024 has unveiled its new emblem. It was revealed following an innovative launch ceremony, which ____36____ (see) over 700 runners ran different routes around the centre of Paris and Saint-Seine-Denis, forming the outline of the new Paris 2024 emblem.
The new design is a ____37____ (combine) of the gold medal, the Olympic-flame and Marianne, which brings together the values, history and French touch that will make the Games truly special.
The emblem embraces the shape and colour of the most beautiful medal of all, which is also a reminder that the core values of sport is competing ____38____ excellence. That same commitment also informs every step that Paris. 2024 is taking in organising the Games, so that it can fulfil the promises it has made ____39____ (stage) a different, grounded, ____40____ (sustain) and inclusive Games.
The Olympic and Paralympic flames reflects the unique energy of the Games, ____41____ (bring) people together. The Games will help improve the lives of the residents ____42____ are now in short of infrastructure (基础设施).
Finally, Marianne. With ____43____ (it) feminine traits, the Paris 2024 emblem shows respect for a woman who is a French national symbol known around the world, ____44____ familiar figure who is everywhere in the everyday lives of French people. Her face is also a nod to female athletes and history, as it was in 1900 at the Olympic Games in Paris _____45_____ women were first allowed to compete.
第四部分 写作部分
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你校的英文校报将发行以“劳动课”为专题的一期报纸，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 介绍你最喜欢的劳动课内容（如做清洁、种植和修理等）；
2. 劳动课的意义；
3. 呼吁更多同学参与劳动。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Labor class, part of our school courses, is required in primary and middle schools every week.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Most people think that procrastination (拖延症) is a negative habit. But people like me who routinely put off doing assignments, are likely to defend our “slower” approach to getting tasks done.
I'm the only procrastination in my family. My parents and sister were all born with the “do it right now” gift. They are always in a rush, as if closely rushed by an invisible deadline. Personally, I prefer a more relaxed pace. When my parents voiced their concern about my tendencies, saying “Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today,” “No way!” I responded, confidently presenting my research as a defense. It said people procrastinated when they need to solve a problem or commit to a topic or project. In these cases, delaying a decision can be beneficial. This was because our minds continue to reflect on problems even when we were not actively thinking about them, which could lead to more creative solutions. My findings filled me with satisfaction and pride. My method of getting things done was just as good as my sister’s…or so I thought.
At school we’d been talking about architecture and design. As part of the final assessment my teacher Mr. Smith announced an exciting project that each student would have a month to complete. We were expected to choose our materials, construct a small building and make use of things we had learned in class. Not only would the winners receive extra credit, but the winning constructions would be proudly displayed in the cafeteria. “I have no clue how I could get it done,” my friend Nate sighed in despair. I didn’t say anything. Not because I shared his anxiety-but because I was not nervous at all. I loved hands-on projects! Picturing my brilliant work exhibited in the cafeteria, I was fully convinced that I would definitely produce something that could impress everyone. So relaxed was I that I didn’t give it a second thought for weeks.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Before I knew it, I had only one day left for the project.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That taught me a great lesson.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案版
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Buy a new refrigerator. B. Clean the refrigerator. C. Have the refrigerator fixed.
2. What does the man plan to do tomorrow
A. Have a rest. B. Attend a meeting. C. Watch a match.
3. How does the woman sound
A. Angry. B. Disappointed. C. Excited.
4. What does the woman mean
A. She isn't feeling well. B. She likes gymnastics a lot. C. She is unable to join the team.
5. When does the conversation probably take place
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the afternoon.
第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do we know about Caroline
A. She does ballet exercises. B. She runs a studio. C. She is a dancer.
7. Where does the man prefer to exercise
A. In a gym. B. In a park. C. In a studio.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Schoolmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Waiter and customer.
9. What does the man usually do on Tuesday afternoons
A. He takes classes. B. He works part-time. C. He goes to library.
10. When will the speakers meet
A. On Tuesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does Elizabeth look worried today
A. Her wallet was gone. B. She didn't get her visa. C. She got lost in the theater.
12. What has Elizabeth done
A. She's contacted the theater. B. She's put an ad in China Daily. C. She's turned to the police for help.
13. What will the man do for Elizabeth
A. Treat her to breakfast. B. Call his uncle. C. Lend some money to her.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What does the woman want to do first
A. Tour around the city. B. Book tickets to Amsterdam. C. Reserve a hotel on Gother street.
15. What is the woman's expectation of the hotel
A. It won't cost much. B. It's clean and green. C. It's close to the shopping malls.
16. What do we know about the Royal Factory
A. It's state- owned. B. It produces great silk. C. It was built 100 years ago.
17. Why do the speakers come to the city
A. To take a vacation. B. To go on business. C. To visit a friend.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the speaker
A. An architect. B. A hostess. C. A tour guide.
19. What is unique about Micheal Jackson's home
A. There are six cars. B. It offers courses in sports. C. Various animals live there.
20. What does the speaker say about Micheal Jackson
A. His home brought him fame. B. His private life was well known. C. He deserved his wonderful home.
听力答案 略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Aptitude Tests Recommendations
Aptitude tests are helpful to job seekers of all ages. While career quizzes explore your values and work style, aptitude tests provide a more objective evaluation of your skills, helping you select a career you’re most likely to succeed in. Below are some of the best aptitude tests out there.
Clifton Strengths
The Clifton Strengths program was created based on research around leadership. The research in question pointed to common strengths among successful leaders, like strategic thinking, adaptability and communication. To complete the test, you must answer around 150 questions, each within 20 seconds. Allen Cheung, a tech blogger, notes that CliftonStrengths is more valuable than your average career test because it includes “tricky questions which aren’t as easily gamed”.
Red Bull Wingfinder
Developed and tested out by psychology experts, the Red Bull Wingfinder assesses your thinking under pressure. Questions include image sorting, logic puzzles and leadership-related questions. Once you complete the test, you’ll receive a nine-page report and career coaching tailored to your results.
SEI Development Report
The SEI Development Report is an extensive EQ aptitude test that has timed right-and-wrong answers that assess eight fundamentals, including emotional literacy, emotional management and empathy. At the end, you’ll receive a 20-page report with recommended courses on workplace EQ development.
CareerOneStop
While it only takes a few minutes to complete, the CareerOneStop Skills Assessment will help you rank both your technical and soft skills. The career suggestions at the end can be sorted by relevance, annual wages, and job outlook, coupled with with professional coaching or consultation improve your skills.
1. What do aptitude tests mainly assess for job seekers
A. Their work ethics. B. Their career interest.
C. Their preferred work style. D. Their professional competence.
2. What is a unique feature of Clifton Strengths
A. It evaluates leadership skills. B. It is developed by experts.
C. It includes challenging questions. D. It offers a comprehensive report.
3. Which test suits a job seeker who prefers categorized suggestions and career coaching
A. Clift on Strengths B. Red Bull Wingfinder
C. SEI Development Report D. CareerOneStop
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
B
For some of us, going to the dentist for routine check-ups is a thing of the ordinary. But for many people around the world, especially those in impoverished (贫困的) areas, having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t possible. A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rossi has devoted himself to helping changing that situation.
Growing up in USA, Felipe Rossi had just obtained the Bachelor of Medicine Degree and was about to start a master’s degree in Pediatric Dentistry (儿童口腔学) when a journey to his father’s home — Balsabo in Brazil — converted his initial plan. “All locals didn’t have access to dental care, and consequently, many of them suffered deformed teeth or even loss of teeth, leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouth open.” Felipe Rossi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems.”
With the support of his parents, Felipe formed an NGO (non-government organization) called Porsorriso to give free oral treatments to individuals with low incomes who require cleaning. fillings, crowns, restoration work and more. His team is composed of approximately 30 registered volunteers who go with him to poor towns and villages in Brazil.
Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies. Individuals may also make donations through the ‘Smile Solidarity’ program, where they can choose monthly amounts to contribute. Porsorriso also holds regular fundraisers to afford the cost of providing free dental services around the country.
As noble as its objective is, Felipe admits that Porsorriso is “struggling to survive” because of the huge cost of providing dental work and the constant fundraising events they have to hold to keep the NGO in normal functioning. “Challenging as it is, it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed confidence to the locals. We will continue this transformative act whatever difficulties we will face”. Felipe said with a strong will.
4. How does the author introduce the topic of the text
A. By posing a contrast.
B. By reporting an event.
C. By assuming a situation.
D. By making an appeal.
5. What motivated Felipe to offer dental treatments to Brazilians
A. The support from his parents.
B. The passion for dental health.
C. The encounter with local s lacking dental care.
D. The professional skills and knowledge from college.
6. Which of the following can best describe Felipe Rossi
A. Hopeful and diligent.
B. Faithful and ambitious.
C. Intelligent and creative.
D. Charitable and dedicated.
7. What do we know about Porsorriso
A. It gives free oral treatments to anyone in need.
B. It is cooperated by Felipe Rossi and the local authority.
C. It is financially supported by corporations and individuals.
D. It holds regular fundraisers to educate people about dental care.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C
C
When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez makes a note of any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which she is helping develop for Porsche Engineering.
Those algorithms are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself. Such a fully autonomous car known in the industry as Level 5, should be able to complete an entire journey without any intervention from the driver, and deal with all situations on the road. But this is proving hard to achieve, and many attempts to do so are being abandoned. Last year, for instance, Uber sold off its unit developing self-driving cars.
Autonomous vehicles are said to be not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, so do machines. And machines are not quick learners. The RAND Corporation calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
Carmakers such as Porsche therefore speed up the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about dangers rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines” to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. Objects in these virtual worlds are assigned their physical characteristics (ie, buildings are hard. people are soft) so that the sensors in vehicles respond in the appropriate way. Once the software has been trained, it is tested in real autonomous vehicles by re-creating those situations on a test track.
How quickly all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome the doubt that a software drive really can be safer than a human being.
From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is another question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those bragging rights (炫耀的权利) away
8. What does Clara-Marina Martinez intend to do
A. Market Porsche cars. B. Learn to be a responsible driver.
C. Enjoy riding in a self-driving car. D. Improve the AI technology.
9. What is the problem with self-driving cars
A. They learn as slowly as human beings. B. They have to be monitored by human drivers.
C. They need a long time to reach a certain safety level. D. They can operate for a very short period of time.
10. What are Dr Martinez and her colleagues doing
A. Enabling software to identify road dangers. B. Fixing sensors in autonomous vehicles.
C. Re-creating road situations on a test track. D. Separating the real world from the virtual world.
11. What worries Porsche according to the last paragraph
A. The reliability of car software. B. The future of its sports car market.
C. The quality of self-driving cars. D. The driving skills of human beings.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
D
Climate change and beer might be two things that rarely appear in the same sentence. But according to an article in the scientific journal Nature Plants, if the Earth gets warmer, your Friday-night drink might get pricier.
The team behind the article modelled the effect of extreme events on production of barley, the main ingredient of beer. “Extreme weather conditions such as drought or heat will impact barley production. Barley is irreplaceable in beer making,” said Xie Wei, first author of the article. “If barley production drops, beer production will also drop, and beer might get more expensive.” When global temperatures rise to their highest, global beer supply will drop 16 percent. Prices will also hike due to drop of supply. For instance, a 4.84-U. S.-dollar price hike for a 500 ml bottle is projected in Ireland, almost doubling the previous price. Quality of that beer might also be affected. If barley cannot receive enough irrigation, quality of the protein and carbohydrate in its grain will drop.
In fact, the effect of drought on beer production has been seen. Bloomberg reported that drought and heat caused a 30 to 40 percent drop in barley production in European barley producing regions during summer 2018, leading to a 35 percent price hike of barley in France.
However, regional fluctuations in barley production are still manageable now. If production in one region fails, beer makers can make it up by importing more from other regions. But if climate change gets out of control, the impact will be global. Agriculture is incredibly vulnerable to climate change.
Xie pointed out the impact of climate change is not only limited to staple crops. “We are only using barley and beer as an example of high-added-value agricultural products,” said Xie. “In countries like China, per person consumption of staple crops is dropping, but that of products such as dairy and beer is rising.”
Beer, not essential for human survival, occupies a major part in culture around the world. That gives people yet one more reason to care more about climate change.
12. What can we know from the first two paragraphs
A. Extreme weather influences the price of beer.
B. The more irrigation, the better quality of beer.
C. It’s necessary to replace barley in beer making.
D. Efforts should be made to promote beer production.
13. Why is Bloomberg’s report mentioned in Paragraph 3
A. To lead in a new topic. B. To make a comparison.
C. To give a supporting example. D. To provide background information.
14. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” probably mean in Paragraph 4
A. Important. B. Sensitive. C. Adaptable. D. Resistant.
15. What’s the author’s potential purpose to write the text
A. To popularize agricultural products.
B. To show the importance of beer in culture.
C. To draw people’s concern on climate change.
D. To indicate the impact of temperature on staple crops.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why are Police Officers Called Cops
Police officers are often referred to as cops. ____16____ Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”.
General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take. ____17____
Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops. Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”.
____19____ And it is no longer considered rude. However, certain other terms for police officers are definitely unwelcome. While British Police might not mind being called “bobbies”, no police members like to be referred to as “pigs” or the “fuzz”. Some don’t mind the term the “heat” as applied to the whole police force, but the police force does not generally take kindly to terms given to them by criminals.
The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop. ____20____
A. The term is slightly less familiar to people.
B. So, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar.
C. These words define some of what a police officer does.
D. The profession of a police officer was not respected then.
E. But the origins of this nickname are something of a debate.
F. However, the term “police officer” is generally most correct.
G. Today it is appropriate to call members of the police force cops.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. F
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The path to pottery (制陶) was far from direct for Kaley Black. Her first ____21____ was as a producer in the film industry, a role she found unfulfilling. While living in Poland, Blank ____22____ a routine of regularly visiting a cafe, passing a ceramics(陶艺)studio on her way. ____23____ she had no exposure and training in running a business or ceramics, each trip past the studio awakened her curiosity closer to ____24____.
After returning to the US, Blank ____25____ a six-week pottery course. Then, she bought her own pottery tools. By the spring of 2022, Blank had ____26____ her skills and opened her own studio, Blank Ceramics, which is now her career.
Blank ____27____ how our ancestors viewed ceramics as both an art and a tool. This means that she always makes sure the ____28____ use of her pieces comes first in their design. For her, pottery is special because it involves using a skill from the past to ____29____ art from nature. She gets her clay _____30_____ from the ground, just like her ideas for new art. “Handma de pottery is one of the first human skills,” explains Blank. “It feels so fulfilling to learn skills, as well as to _____31_____ stories and art.”
In addition to being available for _____32_____ online, Blank’s finished pottery can also be bought at shops offline. As she considers how her studio might _____33_____, Blank has a wide perspective: “A ceramic piece that has been fired will last forever; it doesn’t fade over time. My work will far _____34_____ me, which I find truly fascinating. It keeps me _____35_____ and intentional about what pieces I create.”
21. A. task B. dream C. agenda D. career
22. A. adopted B. varied C. broke D. changed
23. A. Since B. Unless C. Though D. Before
24. A. belief B. hope C. decision D. action
25. A. dropped out of B. signed up for C. caught up on D. looked forward to
26. A. corrected B. assessed C. adjusted D. perfected
27. A. doubts B. pities C. respects D. anticipates
28. A. private B. practical C. official D. commercial
29. A. create B. absorb C. describe D. interpret
30. A. hardly B. slowly C. directly D. occasionally
31. A. read B. display C. relate D. spread
32. A. entertainment B. appreciation C. storage D. purchase
33. A. finish B. survive C. expand D. transform
34. A. outlast B. outshine C. outnumber D. outperform
35. A. humble B. emotional C. discouraged D. astonished
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. A
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Organising Committee for the Olympic Games Paris 2024 has unveiled its new emblem. It was revealed following an innovative launch ceremony, which ____36____ (see) over 700 runners ran different routes around the centre of Paris and Saint-Seine-Denis, forming the outline of the new Paris 2024 emblem.
The new design is a ____37____ (combine) of the gold medal, the Olympic-flame and Marianne, which brings together the values, history and French touch that will make the Games truly special.
The emblem embraces the shape and colour of the most beautiful medal of all, which is also a reminder that the core values of sport is competing ____38____ excellence. That same commitment also informs every step that Paris. 2024 is taking in organising the Games, so that it can fulfil the promises it has made ____39____ (stage) a different, grounded, ____40____ (sustain) and inclusive Games.
The Olympic and Paralympic flames reflects the unique energy of the Games, ____41____ (bring) people together. The Games will help improve the lives of the residents ____42____ are now in short of infrastructure (基础设施).
Finally, Marianne. With ____43____ (it) feminine traits, the Paris 2024 emblem shows respect for a woman who is a French national symbol known around the world, ____44____ familiar figure who is everywhere in the everyday lives of French people. Her face is also a nod to female athletes and history, as it was in 1900 at the Olympic Games in Paris _____45_____ women were first allowed to compete.
【答案】36. saw
bination
38. for 39. to stage
40. sustainable
41. bringing
42. who##that
43. its 44. a
45. that
第四部分 写作部分
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你校英文校报将发行以“劳动课”为专题的一期报纸，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 介绍你最喜欢的劳动课内容（如做清洁、种植和修理等）；
2. 劳动课的意义；
3. 呼吁更多同学参与劳动。
注意：1 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Labor class, part of our school courses, is required in primary and middle schools every week.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Labor class, part of our school courses, is required in primary and middle schools every week. Labor education is a must that we should attach importance to since it strengthens students awareness of labor and develops their practical skills.
Of all the labor courses, I like planting most, because it offers me chances to endure difficulties and get close to nature. And the planting process can bring me a sense of satisfaction and achievement, so I really consider it the best way to relax myself.
Thanks to labor class, I’ve found my personal interest and become a well-rounded student! Here I sincerely invite all of you to enjoy the fun of planting, or some other labor courses you like.
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Most people think that procrastination (拖延症) is a negative habit. But people like me who routinely put off doing assignments, are likely to defend our “slower” approach to getting tasks done.
I'm the only procrastination in my family. My parents and sister were all born with the “do it right now” gift. They are always in a rush, as if closely rushed by an invisible deadline. Personally, I prefer a more relaxed pace. When my parents voiced their concern about my tendencies, saying “Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today,” “No way!” I responded, confidently presenting my research as a defense. It said people procrastinated when they need to solve a problem or commit to a topic or project. In these cases, delaying a decision can be beneficial. This was because our minds continue to reflect on problems even when we were not actively thinking about them, which could lead to more creative solutions. My findings filled me with satisfaction and pride. My method of getting things done was just as good as my sister’s…or so I thought.
At school we’d been talking about architecture and design. As part of the final assessment my teacher Mr. Smith announced an exciting project that each student would have a month to complete. We were expected to choose our materials, construct a small building and make use of things we had learned in class. Not only would the winners receive extra credit, but the winning constructions would be proudly displayed in the cafeteria. “I have no clue how I could get it done,” my friend Nate sighed in despair. I didn’t say anything. Not because I shared his anxiety-but because I was not nervous at all. I loved hands-on projects! Picturing my brilliant work exhibited in the cafeteria, I was fully convinced that I would definitely produce something that could impress everyone. So relaxed was I that I didn’t give it a second thought for weeks.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Before I knew it, I had only one day left for the project.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That taught me a great lesson.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para.1 Before I knew it, I had only one day left for the project. In a panic I hastily and quickly gluing together what I pulled out from our recycle bin, my hands shaking with the weight of each hasty decision. The finished result looked miserable. Several of my classmates, including Nate, had created amazingly detailed constructions. They used materials like clay, wood and so on and were highly praised by Mr. Smith. When I saw their models, I felt even more embarrassed about mine. It was obvious that they had put a lot more time into the assignment than I had.
Para.2 That taught me a great lesson. I learnt from that day the importance of deciding on my priorities and budgeting my time. From then on, I tackled things a lot earlier instead of putting things off until tomorrow. As a result, not only did I finish my tasks on time, but also I felt better because I didn’t have to panic at the last minute. At the end of the semester, my work was chosen by Mr Smith on another occasion. Seeing my change, my parents and my sister were so proud of me. It dawned on me that getting things done on time instead of being a procrastinator really counted.
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