/ 让教学更有效 典型例题·专项练习篇
期中典型专练二:小数乘除法混合运算和简便计算“基础版”
1.下面各题怎样简便怎样算.
0.11×1.8+8.2×0.11 2.5×13×4
(8.1﹣4.5)÷3.6+85.7 8.8+3.2÷2.5
2.递等式计算,能巧算的要巧算。
4.78+0.4+1.6 10.38-3.3-6.7 5.02-2.8+1.9821cnjy.com
93.45-8.6-3.45 41+8.68+49+1.32 3.9+0.1-3.9+0.1
3.用简便方法计算。
(1)0.25×4.9×0.4 (2)0.98×4.8+0.98×5.2
(3)10-2.36-3.64 (4)2.83+4.79+4.17
4.递等式计算(能巧则巧)。
58.56+8.32-8.56+1.68 6.66×9+2.22×3
9.9×1.02 5×6.8÷3.4+74.1÷6.5
5.递等式计算。
(简便计算)
6.脱式计算。
0.48×1.5+1.5×0.52 5.84÷0.25÷4
72.6×9.9+7.26 12.5×5.19×0.08
7.用递等式计算,能简便用简便方法计算。
3.15×9.9 3×0.25×8.8 3÷1.25
(1-0.2)×(7÷2)÷0.01 7.5×56-7.5×15-7.5
8.用递等式计算。(能简便的要简便计算)
27.52-(7.7-2.48)+32.7 1.25×2.5×32 6.8×3.7-3.7+37×0.42
4.05×101 [5.7÷(0.09+0.1)+2.4]÷0.54 [(7.6-5.8)×0.8-1]÷5.5
9.用递等式计算,能简算的要简算.
5.1×99 2.5×3.2×1.25
8.5+1.5×2.05 9.4×4.27+6×0.427
10.递等式计算。
4.81×0.5×3 13.78-1.03×4.2
0.18×(8.14-3.64) 0.81×50×0.07
12.49-0.48×3.5+6.3 0.75×1.4×420
11.脱式计算。
56.9×0.47-13.5 3.45×102 9.4×10.1
0.46×1.9+0.54×1.9 80×476×125×0 1.25×8.08
12.脱式计算,能简算的要简算.
7.2×1.25 0.46×1.9+0.54×1.9 0.47×5×0.8
13.递等式计算,写出必要的计算过程,能简便的要用简便方法计算.
5.255—1.25×4.2 1.25×4+0.8×2.5 2.5×12.5×9.6 21世纪教育网版权所有
0.24×15÷(3.25—2.35) (12.3—10.9)÷(8×0.0125+6.9)
14.用递等式计算(能简便的用简便方法计算)。
(1)(4.6+4.6+4.6+4.6)×2.5 (2)7.8×2.02
(3)5.8-5.8÷2.9-2.9 (4)2.04÷(7.1-3.7)+5.9
(5)(0.2×15-2.72)÷1.4 (6)36×3.2+3.6×68
15.递等式计算,能简便的要用简便方法计算。
63.83+15.36-23.83 5.2×1.7-5.2÷1.3
(12.5+0.25)×0.8 18÷8÷12.5
7.6×7.6-7.6+7.6×3.4 0.4-0.4×[7.2-(2.35+4.7)]
16.用简便方法计算下面各题.
0.48×1.5+1.5×0.52 5.84÷0.25÷4
72.6×9.9+7.26 12.5×5.19×0.08
17.脱式计算演练场.
7.8÷2.5÷4 640÷0.4÷0.2 8.3×9.9+0.83
8.48+2.6×3.2 0.78×15÷0.3 0.18÷0.24÷0.025
18.用递等式计算(能简便的用简便方法计算)
12.8+7.2÷4×2.5 1.25×6.4×0.25 3.6×6.3-6.3+6.3×7.4
4.8÷1.25 [12.5-(4.2+0.8)×0.5]÷0.5 3.56×9.9
19.递等式计算
13.4-3.4×0.5+2.5 3.2×1.25×2.5
3.7÷2.5 (9.6+1.48÷3.7)÷8
20.用递等式计算。(写出必要的计算过程,能巧算的要巧算)
(1)6.5-6.5×1.2÷13 (2)(2.5+2.5+2.5+2.5)×7.5www.21-cn-jy.co
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(3)150÷1.25 (4)3.2×2.5 ×1.25
(5)[33.3-(17.4+3.1)]×6.05
21.计算下面各题,能简算的要简算.
15.3×10.1 7.8×99 0.25×7.4×40
4.28×0.64+0.36×4.28+4.28 12.5×0.9×0.8 10.9×3.75-0.9×3.75
22.用递等式计算。(能巧算的要巧算)
(1)5.8-0.8÷(1.5+0.5) (2)26.22-58.4-41.6+73.78
(3)1.25×1.6×0.25 (4)(3.6×1.2+1.6×3.6)÷0.28
(5)2.25÷(7.5÷2.5+1.5) (6)5.6×[0.4+(10.04-9.59)÷0.5]
23.用递等式计算(能巧算的要巧算)。
8.1÷0.25 9.18-9.18÷9×2.9
18.7-8.7÷2.5 7.8÷(0.39÷5)
87.25-(7.25+4.83+5.17) 43.2÷8×12.5
19.5×5.8+5.2×19.5-19.5
24.递等式计算,能简便运算的用简便方法计算。
(4.8-3.6)×0.5+0.4 2.5×0.33×0.4 6.4÷1.25÷82-1-c-n-j-y
2.71×6.4+2.71×3.6-2.71 4.8×2.9+4.8×7.1 101×0.3621教育名师原创作品
25.递等式计算,能巧算的要巧算。
(32+360÷4.5)×7.2 20.87+2.13×0.4+0.6 56.87×101-56.87
36.59-3.27+3.41-6.73 4464÷[216÷(155-83)]
递等式计算。(能简便的用简便方法计算)
6.3×10.1-0.63 [0.51÷(1.2-1.03)+2.4]×4.5
10.92÷0.65+0.22×60 1.25×(4-0.4)×2.5
27.递等式计算,能巧算的要巧算。
28.怎样简便就怎样计算。
16.8×0.6-0.6×6.8 2.5×32×1.25
5.5×1.7+2.3×5.5 (0.8+8)×0.125 0.46×101
29.脱式计算
8.1÷0.25 9.18-9.18÷9×2.9
18.7-8.7÷2.5 7.8÷(0.39÷5)
87.25-(7.25+4.83+5.17) 43.2÷8×12.5
30.递等式计算,能简便的用简便方法计算.
20.9+1.05÷(0.53-0.46) 3.72×4.5+3.72×0.1+3.72×5.4
10.92÷0.65+0.22×60 7.8×1.2÷3.9 1.25×(4-0.8)×2.5
31.递等式计算,能简则简。
1.25×3.2×0.25 7.26×101-7.26
54.4÷(3.94+6.06)÷0.8 [0.15+(3.74-1.8)÷0.4]×20
32.递等式计算。
(1)54.18-12.76+19.24 (2)10.2×0.28÷5.1 (3)2.5×3.9
(4)2.7×2.7-2.7+2.7×8.3 (5)19.2÷(100÷1.25×0.8)
33.脱式计算,能简便计算的要简便计算。
65.13-26.13÷3.9 1.3×12.5×0.08 9.7×201
67×3.9+6.7×11 0.8×(12.5+1.25) 1.19×3-0.84÷1.2
参考答案:
1.①1.1
②130
③86.7
④10.08
【分析】①逆用乘法分配律简算;
②御用乘法交换律简算;
③先算小括号的的减法,再算除法,最后算加法;
④先算除法,再算加法.
【详解】①0.11×1.8+8.2×0.11
=0.11×(1.8+8.2)
=0.11×10
=1.1
②2.5×13×4
=2.5×4×13
=10×13
=130
③(8.1﹣4.5)÷3.6+85.7
=3.6÷3.6+85.7
=1+85.7
=86.7
④8.8+3.2÷2.5
=8.8+1.28
=10.08
【点评】
2.6.78;0.38;4.2
81.4;100;0.2
【分析】4.78+0.4+1.6,用加法结合律进行计算;
10.38-3.3-6.7,用减法的性质进行计算;
5.02-2.8+1.98,交换后两个数的位置;
93.45-8.6-3.45,交换减数的位置;
41+8.68+49+1.32,用加法交换律、加法结合律进行计算;
3.9+0.1-3.9+0.1,交换中间两数的位置再结合。
【详解】4.78+0.4+1.6
=4.78+(0.4+1.6)
=4.78+2
=6.78
10.38-3.3-6.7
=10.38-(3.3+6.7)
=10.38-10
=0.38
5.02-2.8+1.98
=5.02+1.98-2.8
=7-2.8
=4.2
93.45-8.6-3.45
=93.45-3.45-8.6
=90-8.6
=81.4
41+8.68+49+1.32
=(41+49)+(8.68+1.32)
=90+10
=100
3.9+0.1-3.9+0.1
=(3.9-3.9)+(0.1+0.1)
=0.2
【点睛】本题考查了小数的简便计算,在有加法和减法的四则运算中,要把数前边的运算符号整体进行交换。
3.0.49;9.8;4;11.79
【分析】(1)观察数据可知,此题应用乘法交换律简算;
(2)观察数据可知,此题应用乘法分配律简算;
(3)观察数据可知,此题应用减法的性质简算;
(4)观察数据可知,此题应用加法交换律简算。
【详解】(1)0.25×4.9×0.4
=0.25×0.4×4.9
=0.1×4.9
=0.49
(2)0.98×4.8+0.98×5.2
=0.98×(4.8+5.2)
=0.98×10
=9.8
(3)10-2.36-3.64
=10-(2.36+3.64)
=10-6
=4
(4)2.83+4.79+4.17
=2.83+4.17+4.79
=7+4.79
=11.79
【点睛】本题考查了四则混合运算,注意运算顺序和运算法则,灵活运用所学的运算定律进行简便计算。
4.60;66.6
10.098;21.4
【分析】58.56+8.32-8.56+1.68,根据加法交换律,原式化为:58.56-8.56+8.32+1.68,再根据加法结合律,原式化为:(58.56-8.56)+(8.32+1.68),再进行计算;
6.66×9+2.22×3,把6.66×9化为:1.11×6×9,2.22×3化为:1.11×2×3,原式化为:1.11×6×9+1.11×2×3,再根据乘法结合律,原式化为:1.11×(6×9)+1.11(2×3),再根据乘法分配律,原式化为:1.11×[(6×9)+(2×3)],再进行计算;21*cnjy*com
9.9×1.02,把9.9化成10-0.1,原式化为:(10-0.1)×1.02,再根据乘法分配律,原式化为:10×1.02-0.1×1.02,再进行计算;
5×6.8÷3.4+74.1÷6.5,原式化为:5×(6.8÷3.4)+74.1÷6.5,再按照运算顺序计算。
【详解】58.56+8.32-8.56+1.68
=58.56-8.56+8.32+1.68
=(58.56-8.56)+(8.32+1.68)
=50+10
=60
6.66×9+2.22×3
=1.11×6×9+1.11×2×3
=1.11×(6×9)+1.11(2×3)
=1.11×[(6×9)+(2×3)]
=1.11×[54+6]
=1.11×60
=66.6
9.9×1.02
=(10-0.1)×1.02
=10×1.02-0.1×1.02
=10.2-0.102
=10.098
5×6.8÷3.4+74.1÷6.5
=5×(6.8÷3.4)+74.1÷6.5
=5×2+11.4
=10+11.4
=21.4
5.5;4.8
【分析】“”先将1.6分成2和0.8,之后利用乘法的结合律计算即可;
“”根据小数四则运算的法则,直接计算即可。
【详解】
=
=
=5
=
=
=
=4.8
6.1.5;5.84
726;5.19
【分析】0.48×1.5+1.5×0.52,根据乘法分配律,原式化为:1.5×(0.48+0.52),再进行计算;
5.84÷0.25÷4,根据除法性质,原式化为:5.84÷(0.25×4),再进行计算;
72.6×9.9+7.26,把72.6×9.9化成7.26×99,原式化为:7.26×99+7.26,根据乘法分配律,原式化为:7.26×(99+1),再进行计算;
12.5×5.19×0.08,根据乘法交换律,原式化为:12.5×0.08×5.19,再进行计算。
【详解】0.48×1.5+1.5×0.52
=1.5×(0.48+0.52)
=1.5×1
=1.5
5.84÷0.25÷4
=5.84÷(0.25×4)
=5.84÷1
=5.84
72.6×9.9+7.26
=7.26×99+7.26
=7.26×(99+1)
=7.26×100
=726
12.5×5.19×0.08
=12.5×0.08×5.19
=1×5.19
=5.19
7.31.185;6.6;2.4;
280;300
【分析】(1)将3.15×9.9变为3.15×(10-0.1),然后根据乘法分配律在减法中的应用,将式子变为3.15×10-3.15×0.1,然后先乘再减即可解答;
(2)将8.8拆成4×2.2,然后通过乘法分配律和乘法结合律,将式子变为(3×2.2)×(0.25×4),然后先计算括号内的乘法,再计算括号外的乘法;
(3)根据商不变的规律,将3÷1.25的被除数和除数同时乘8,然后相除即可解答;
(4)(1-0.2)×(7÷2)÷0.01根据四则混合运算的运算顺序,先计算括号内的运算,然后先乘后除即可;
(5)根据乘法分配律在减法中的应用的逆运算,将7.5×56-7.5×15-7.5提取公因数7.5,变为7.5×(56-15-1),然后先计算括号内的减法,再计算括号外的乘法即可。
【详解】3.15×9.9
=3.15×(10-0.1)
=3.15×10-3.15×0.1
=31.5-0.315
=31.185
3×0.25×8.8
=3×0.25×4×2.2
=(3×2.2)×(0.25×4)
=6.6×1
=6.6
3÷1.25
=(3×8)÷(1.25×8)
=24÷10
=2.4
(1-0.2)×(7÷2)÷0.01
=0.8×3.5÷0.01
=2.8÷0.01
=280
7.5×56-7.5×15-7.5
=7.5×(56-15-1)
=7.5×40
=300
【点睛】此题主要考查小数的四则混合运算简算方法,其中需要掌握乘法交换律a×b=b×a、乘法结合律(a×b)×c=a×(b×c)和乘法分配律逆运算a×c+b×c=(a+b)×c。
8.55;100;37;
409.05;60;0.08
【分析】(1)根据四则混合运算去括号方法,将原式去括号变为27.52-7.7+2.48+32.7,然后根据加法交换律和加法结合律,将式子变为(27.52+2.48)+(32.7-7.7),然后先计算括号内的运算,再计算括号外的加法即可;www-2-1-cnjy-com
(2)将32拆分为4×8,然后再根据乘法交换律和乘法结合律,将式子变为(1.25×8)×(2.5×4),然后先计算括号内的乘法,再计算括号外的乘法即可;
(3)先根据积不变的规律将37×0.42变为3.7×4.2,然后根据乘法分配律逆运算,将式子变为3.7×(6.8-1+4.2),接着先计算括号内的运算,再计算括号外的乘法即可;
(4)将101拆分为100+1,然后根据乘法分配律,将式子变为4.05×100+4.05×1,接着先计算乘法再计算加法即可;
(5)根据带括号的四则混合运算顺序,先算小括号内的运算,再算中括号内的运算,最后算括号外的运算即可。
【详解】27.52-(7.7-2.48)+32.7
=27.52-7.7+2.48+32.7
=(27.52+2.48)+(32.7-7.7)
=30+25
=55
1.25×2.5×32
=1.25×2.5×4×8
=(1.25×8)×(2.5×4)
=10×10
=100
6.8×3.7-3.7+37×0.42
=6.8×3.7-3.7+3.7×4.2
=3.7×(6.8-1+4.2)
=3.7×10
=37
4.05×101
=4.05×(100+1)
=4.05×100+4.05×1
=405+4.05
=409.05
[5.7÷(0.09+0.1)+2.4]÷0.54
=[5.7÷0.19+2.4]÷0.54
=[30+2.4]÷0.54
=32.4÷0.54
=60
[(7.6-5.8)×0.8-1]÷5.5
=[1.8×0.8-1]÷5.5
=[1.44-1]÷5.5
=0.44÷5.5
=0.08
【点睛】此题主要考查小数的四则混合运算简算方法,其中需要掌握乘法交换律a×b=b×a、结合律(a×b)×c=a×(b×c)和乘法分配律逆运算a×c+b×c=(a+b)×c。
9.504.9;10
11.575;42.7
【详解】5.1×99
=5.1×(100﹣1)
=5.1×100﹣5.1×1
=510﹣5.1
=504.9
2.5×3.2×1.25
=2.5×(4×0.8)×1.25
=2.5×4×(0.8×1.25)
=10×1
=10
8.5+1.5×2.05
=8.5+3.075
=11.575
9.4×4.27+6×0.427
=9.4×4.27+0.6×4.27
=(9.4+0.6)×4.27
=10×4.27
=42.7
10.7.215;9.454
0.81;2.835
17.11;441
【分析】4.81×0.5×3,按照小数连乘的法则,进行运算;
13.78-1.03×4.2,先计算乘法,再计算减法;
0.18×(8.14-3.64),先计算括号里的减法,再计算乘法;
0.81×50×0.07,按照小数连乘法的法则,进行计算;
12.49-0.48×3.5+6.3,先计算乘法,再计算减法,最后计算加法;
0.75×1.4×420,按照小数连乘法的法则,进行计算。
【详解】4.81×0.5×3
=2.405×3
=7.215
13.78-1.03×4.2
=13.78-4.326
=9.454
0.18×(8.14-3.64)
=0.18×4.5
=0.81
0.81×50×0.07
=40.5×0.07
=2.835
12.49-0.48×3.5+6.3
=12.49-1.68+6.3
=10.81+6.3
=17.11
0.75×1.4×420
=1.05×420
=441
11.13.243;351.9;94.94
1.9;0;10.1
【分析】(1)先算乘法,再算减法;
(2)3.45×102,转化为:3.45×(100+2),再运用乘法分配律简算;
(3)按照乘法分配律简算;
(4)根据乘法分配律进行简算;
(5)根据0在四则运算的特殊性质进行计算;
(6)根据乘法分配律计算出结果即可。
【详解】(1)56.9×0.47-13.5
=26.743-13.5
=13.243
(2)3.45×102
=3.45×(100+2)
=3.45×100+3.45×2
=345+6.9
=351.9
(3)9.4×10.1
=9.4×(10+0.1)
=9.4×10+9.4×0.1
=94+0.94
=94.94
(4)0.46×1.9+0.54×1.9
=(0.46+0.54)×1.9
=1×1.9
=1.9
(5)80×476×125×0
=0
(6)1.25×8.08
=1.25×(8+0.08)
=1.25×8+1.25×0.08
=10+0.1
=10.1
12.9;1.9;1.88
【详解】7.2×1.25
=9×(0.8×1.25)
=9×1
=9
0.46×1.9+0.54×1.9
=(0.46+0.54)×1.9
=1×1.9
=1.9
0.47×5×0.8
=0.47×(5×0.8)
=0.47×4
=1.88
13.0.005;7;300;
4;0.2
【解析】略
14.(1)46
(2)15.756
(3)0.9
(4)6.5
(5)0.2
(6)360
【分析】(1)先把4.6+4.6+4.6+4.6变成4.6×4再运用乘法结合律简算;
(2)运用乘法分配律简算;
(3)先算除法,再依次计算减法;
(4)先算小括号的减法,再算除法,最后算加法;
(5)先算小括号的乘法,再算减法,最后算除法;
(6)先把36×3.2变成3.6×32,再运用乘法分配律简算。
【详解】(1)(4.6+4.6+4.6+4.6)×2.5
=(4.6×4)×2.5
=4.6×4×2.5
=4.6×(4×2.5)
=4.6×10
=46
(2)7.8×2.02
=7.8×(2+0.02)
=7.8×2+7.8×0.02
=15.6+0.156
=15.756
(3)5.8﹣5.8÷2.9﹣2.9
=5.8﹣2﹣2.9
=3.8﹣2.9
=0.9
(4)2.04÷(7.1﹣3.7)+5.9
=2.04÷3.4+5.9
=0.6+5.9
=6.5
(5)(0.2×15﹣2.72)÷1.4
=(3﹣2.72)÷1.4
=0.28÷1.4
=0.2
(6)36×3.2+3.6×68
=3.6×32+3.6×68
=3.6×(32+68)
=3.6×100
=360
15.55.36;4.84;
10.2;0.18;
76;0.34
【分析】根据加法交换律进行计算即可;
先算乘除法,后算减法即可;
根据乘法分配律进行计算即可;
根据除法的性质进行计算即可;
根据乘法分配律进行计算即可;
先算小括号里面的加法,再算中括号里面的减法,再算乘法,最后算括号外面的减法即可。
【详解】63.83+15.36-23.83
=15.36+(63.83-23.83)
=15.36+40
=55.36
5.2×1.7-5.2÷1.3
=8.84-4
=4.84
(12.5+0.25)×0.8
=12.5×0.8+0.25×0.8
=10+0.2
=10.2
18÷8÷12.5
=18÷(8×12.5)
=18÷100
=0.18
7.6×7.6-7.6+7.6×3.4
=7.6×7.6-7.6×1+7.6×3.4
=7.6×(7.6-1+3.4)
=7.6×10
=76
0.4-0.4×[7.2-(2.35+4.7)]
=0.4-0.4×[7.2-7.05]
=0.4-0.4×0.15
=0.4-0.06
=0.34
16.1.5;5.84
726;5.19
【详解】0.48×1.5+1.5×0.52
=1.5×(0.48+0.52)
=1.5
5.84÷0.25÷4
=5.84÷(0.25×4)
=5.84÷1
=5.84
72.6×9.9+7.26
=7.26×99+7.26
=7.26×(99+1)
=7.26×100
=726
12.5×5.19×0.08
=12.5×0.08×5.19
=1×5.19
=5.19
17.0.78 8000 83 16.8 39 30
【详解】①7.8÷2.5÷4
=7.8÷(2.5×4)
=7.8÷10
=0.78;
②640÷0.4÷0.2
=1600÷0.2
=8000;
③8.3×9.9+0.83
=8.3×9.9+8.3×0.1
=8.3×(9.9+0.1)
=8.3×10
=83;
④8.48+2.6×3.2
=8.48+8.32
=16.8;
⑤0.78×15÷0.3
=11.7÷0.3
=39;
⑥0.18÷0.24÷0.025
=0.75÷0.025
=30.
【点睛】运用四则混合运算的顺序进行计算即可,含有两级运算,先做乘除后做加减.计算7.8÷2.5÷4 把算式转化成7.8÷(2.5×4)进行计算;8.3×9.9+0.83把算式转化成8.3×9.9+8.3×0.1进行计算.21教育网
18.17.3;2;63;
3.84;20;35.244
【详解】12.8+7.2÷4×2.5 1.25×6.4×0.25
=12.8+1.8×2.5 =(1.25×8)×(0.8×0.25)2·1·c·n·j·y
=12.8+4.5 =10×0.2
=17.3 =2
3.6×6.3-6.3+6.3×7.4 4.8÷1.25
=6.3×(3.6-1+7.4) =(4.8×8)÷(1.25×8)
=6.3×10 =38.4÷10
=63 =3.84
[12.5-(4.2+0.8)×0.5]÷0.5 3.56×9.9
=[12.5-5×0.5]÷0.5 =3.56×(10-0.1)
=[12.5-2.5]÷0.5 =3.56×10-3.56×0.121·世纪*教育网
=10÷0.5 =35.6-0.356
=20 =35.244
19.14.2;10
1.48;1.25
【分析】13.4-3.4×0.5+2.5,先算乘法,再按照运算顺序,进行计算;
3.2×1.25×2.5,把3.2化成0.8×4,原式化为:0.8×4×1.25×2.5,根据乘法结合律,交换律,原式化为:(0.8×1.25)×(4×2.5),再进行计算;【来源:21cnj*y.co*m】
3.7÷2.5,按照小数除法的运算法则,进行计算即可;
(9.6+1.48÷3.7)÷8,先计算括号里的除法,再计算括号里的加法,最后计算除法。
【详解】13.4-3.4×0.5+2.5
=13.4-1.7+2.5
=11.7+2.5
=14.2
3.2×1.25×2.5
=0.8×4×1.25×2.5
=(0.8×1.25)×(4×2.5)
=1×10
=10
3.7÷2.5
=1.48
(9.6+1.48÷3.7)÷8
=(9.6+0.4)÷8
=10÷8
=1.25
20.(1)5.9;(2)75
(3)120;(4)10
(5)77.44
【分析】(1)6.5-6.5×1.2÷13,根据运算顺序,先计算乘法和除法,再计算减法;
(2)(2.5+2.5+2.5+2.5)×7.5,把加法换成乘法,原式化为:(2.5×4)×7.5,再进行计算;【来源:21·世纪·教育·网】
(3)150÷1.25,根据商不变性质,原式化为:(150×8)÷(1.25×8),再进行计算;
(4)3.2×2.5×1.25,把3.2化为0.8×4,原式化为0.8×4×2.5×1.25,再根据乘法交换律和结合律,原式化为:(4×2.5)×(0.8×1.25),再进行计算;【出处:21教育名师】
(5)[33.3-(17.4+3.1)]×6.05,先计算小括号里的加法,再计算中括号里的减法,最后计算乘法。21*cnjy*com
【详解】(1)6.5-6.5×1.2÷13
=6.5-7.8÷13
=6.5-0.6
=5.9
(2)(2.5+2.5+2.5+2.5)×7.5
=(2.5×4)×7.5
=10×7.5
=75
(3)150÷1.25
=(150×8)÷(1.25×8)
=1200÷10
=120
(4)3.2×2.5×1.25
=0.8×4×2.5×1.25
=(4×2.5)×(0.8×1.25)
=10×1
=10
(5)[33.3-(17.4+3.1)]×6.05
=[33.3-20.5]×6.05
=12.8×6.05
=77.44
21.154.53;772.2;74
8.56;9;37.5
【解析】略
22.(1)5.4;(2)0;
(3)0.5;(4)36;
(5)0.5;(6)7.28
【分析】(1)按照小数四则混合运算的计算方法进行计算即可;
(2)利用符号搬家以及减法的性质进行简便计算;
(3)把1.6拆成0.8×2,利用乘法结合律进行简便计算;
(4)利用乘法分配律进行简便计算;
(5)按照小数四则混合运算的计算方法进行计算即可;
(6)按照小数四则混合运算的计算方法进行计算即可。
【详解】(1)5.8-0.8÷(1.5+0.5)
=5.8-0.4
=5.4
(2)26.22-58.4-41.6+73.78
=26.22+73.78-58.4-41.6
=100-(58.4+41.6)
=100-100
=0
(3)1.25×1.6×0.25
=1.25×(0.8×2)×0.25
=(1.25×0.8)×(2×0.25)
=1×0.5
=0.5
(4)(3.6×1.2+1.6×3.6)÷0.28
=3.6×(1.2+1.6)÷0.28
=3.6×10
=36
(5)2.25÷(7.5÷2.5+1.5)
=2.25÷(3+1.5)
=2.25÷4.5
=0.5
(6)5.6×[0.4+(10.04-9.59)÷0.5]
=5.6×[0.4+0.9]
=5.6×1.3
=7.28
23.32.4;6.222
15.22;100
70;67.5
195
【分析】(1)根据小数的除法计算方法直接计算;
(2)根据小数四则混合运算的顺序先算式中的除法,再算乘法,最后算减法;
(3)先算8.7÷2.5=3.48,再算18.7-3.48;
(4)把原式转化成7.8÷0.39×5,再从左到右进行计算;
(5)先算小括号里的4.83+5.17,再和7.25相加,最后算减法;
(6)根据小数乘除法的计算方法,从左到右进行计算;
(7)根据乘法的分配律进行简算即可。
【详解】8.1÷0.25=32.4
9.18-9.18÷9×2.9
=9.18-1.02×2.9
=9.18-2.958
=6.222
18.7-8.7÷2.5
=18.7-3.48
=15.22
7.8÷(0.39÷5)
=7.8÷0.39×5
=20×5
=100
87.25-(7.25+4.83+5.17)
=87.25-[7.25+(4.83+5.17)]
=87.25-(7.25+10)
=87.25-17.25
=70
43.2÷8×12.5
=5.4×12.5
=67.5
19.5×5.8+5.2×19.5-19.5
=19.5×(5.8+5.2-1)
=19.5×10
=195
24.1;0.33;0.64;
24.39;48;36.36
【分析】(1)先算括号里面的减法,再算括号外面的乘法,最后算括号外面的加法。
(2)利用乘法交换律、乘法结合律简算。
(3)利用除法的性质简算。
(4)(5)逆用乘法分配律简算。
(6)先将101拆为100+1,再利用乘法分配律简算。
【详解】(4.8-3.6)×0.5+0.4
=1.2×0.5+0.4
=0.6+0.4
=1
2.5×0.33×0.4
=0.33×2.5×0.4
=0.33×(2.5×0.4)
=0.33×1
=0.33
6.4÷1.25÷8
=6.4÷(1.25×8)
=6.4÷10
=0.64
2.71×6.4+2.71×3.6-2.71
=2.71×(6.4+3.6-1)
=2.71×(10-1)
=2.71×9
=24.39
4.8×2.9+4.8×7.1
=4.8×(2.9+7.1)
=4.8×10
=48
101×0.36
=(100+1)×0.36
=100×0.36+1×0.36
=36+0.36
=36.36
25.806.4;22.322;5687
30;1488
【分析】(1)先算括号里的除法,再算括号里的加法,最后算括号外的乘法;
(2)先算乘法,然后按顺序计算;
(3)根据乘法分配律进行巧算;
(4)利用加法交换律和减法的性质进行简便运算;
(5)先算小括号里的减法,再算中括号内的除法,最后算括号外的除法;
【详解】(1)(32+360÷4.5)×7.2
=(32+80)×7.2
=112×7.2
=806.4
(2)20.87+2.13×0.4+0.6
=20.87+0.852+0.6
=21.722+0.6
=22.322
(3)56.87×101-56.87
=56.87×(101-1)
=56.87×100
=5687
(4)36.59-3.27+3.41-6.73
=36.59+3.41-(3.27+6.73)
=40-10
=30
(5)4464÷[216÷(155-83)]
=4464÷[216÷72]
=4464÷3
=1488
26.63;24.3
30;11.25
【分析】把算式转化成=0.63×101-0.63,利用乘法分配律计算;
先算减法,再算除法,再算加法,最后算乘法;
先算加号两边的除法和乘法,最后算加法;
利用乘法分配律计算。
【详解】6.3×10.1-0.63
=0.63×101-0.63
=0.63×(101-1)
=0.63×100
=63;
[0.51÷(1.2-1.03)+2.4]×4.5
=[0.51÷0.17+2.4]×4.5
=[3+2.4]×4.5
=5.4×4.5
=24.3;
10.92÷0.65+0.22×60
=16.8+13.2
=30;
1.25×(4-0.4)×2.5
=1.25×(4×2.5)-1.25×(0.4×2.5)
=12.5-1.25
=11.25
27.1;290
13;13000
【分析】整数四则混合运算的运算顺序是同级运算时,从左到右依次计算;两级运算时,先算乘除,后算加减。有括号时,先算括号里面的;有多层括号时,先算小括号里的,再算中括号里面的。21·cn·jy·com
减法的性质是指从一个数里连续减去两个数,可以减去这两个数的和,也可以先减去第二个数,再减去第一个数。【版权所有:21教育】
乘法分配律是指两个数的和同一个数相乘,等于把两个加数分别同这个数相乘,再把两个积加起来,结果不变。
加法交换律是指两个数相加,交换加数的位置,和不变。
加法结合律是指三个数相加,先把前两个数相加,或者先把后两个数相加,和不变。
【详解】
28.6;100;
22;1.1;46.46
【分析】2.5×32×1.25,根据乘法结合律简算;
其余各算式根据乘法分配律简算。
【详解】16.8×0.6-0.6×6.8
=(16.8-6.8)×0.6
=10×0.6
=6
2.5×32×1.25
=(2.5×4)×(8×1.25)
=10×10
=100
5.5×1.7+2.3×5.5
=5.5×(1.7+2.3)
=5.5×4
=22
(0.8+8)×0.125
=0.8×0.125+8×0.125
=0.1+1
=1.1
0.46×101
=0.46×(100+1)
=0.46×100+0.46
=46.46
29.32.4;6.222
15.22;100
70;67.5
【分析】(1)被除数和除数同时扩大4倍可简算;
(2)先算除法,再算乘法,最后算减法;
(3)先算除法,再算减法;
(4)先算小括号的除法,再算括号外的除法;
(5)先运用加法结合律简算小括号的加法,再算减法;
(6)先算除法,再算乘法;
【详解】(1)8.1÷0.25
=8.1×4÷(0.25×4)
=32.4÷1
=32.4
(2)9.18-9.18÷9×2.9
=9.18-1.02×2.9
=9.18-2.958
=6.222
(3)18.7-8.7÷2.5
=18.7-3.48
=15.22
(4)7.8÷(0.39÷5)
=7.8÷0.078
=100
(5)87.25-(7.25+4.83+5.17)
=87.25-[7.25+(4.83+5.17)]
=87.25-[7.25+10]
=87.25-17.25
=70
(6)43.2÷8×12.5
=5.4×12.5
=67.5
30.35.9;37.2;
30;2.4;
10
【详解】
31.1;726;6.8;100
【分析】利用乘法交换律、乘法结合律、乘法分配律进行简便计算;若无法简便计算,按顺序计算即可
【详解】
32.(1)60.66;(2)0.56;(3)9.75;
(4)27;(5)0.3
【分析】(1)按照从左到右的顺序计算;
(2)按照从左到右的顺序计算;
(3)把3.9写成(4-0.1)的形式,利用乘法分配律计算;
(4)直接利用乘法分配律计算;
(5)先算小括号的除法,再算乘法,最后算括号外的除法。
【详解】(1)54.18-12.76+19.24
=41.42+19.24
=60.66;
(2)10.2×0.28÷5.1
=2.856÷5.1
=0.56;
(3)2.5×3.9
=2.5×(4-0.1)
=2.5×4-2.5×0.1
=10-0.25
=9.75;
(4)2.7×2.7-2.7+2.7×8.3
=2.7×(2.7-1+8.3)
=2.7×10
=27;
(5)19.2÷(100÷1.25×0.8)
=19.2÷(80×0.8)
=19.2÷64
=0.3
33.58.43;1.3;1949.7
335;11;2.87
【分析】(1)先算除法,再算减法;
(2)利用乘法结合律进行简便计算;
(3)把201拆成200+1,再利用乘法分配律进行简便计算;
(4)先利用小数乘法的计算方法,把67×3.9转化成6.7×39,再利用乘法分配律进行简便计算;
(5)利用乘法分配律进行简便计算;
(6)先算乘除,后算减法。
【详解】65.13-26.13÷3.9
=65.13-6.7
=58.43
1.3×12.5×0.08
=1.3×(12.5×0.08)
=1.3×1
=1.3
9.7×201
=9.7×(200+1)
=9.7×200+9.7×1
=1940+9.7
=1949.7
67×3.9+6.7×11
=6.7×(39+11)
=6.7×50
=335
0.8×(12.5+1.25)
=0.8×12.5+0.8×1.25
=10+1
=11
1.19×3-0.84÷1.2
=3.57-0.7
=2.87
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