湖北省武汉市汉阳一中、江夏一中2024-2025学年高二上学期8月开学考试英语试卷(含解析)
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| 名称 | 湖北省武汉市汉阳一中、江夏一中2024-2025学年高二上学期8月开学考试英语试卷(含解析) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-10-25 10:49:15 | ||
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湖北省武汉市汉阳一中、江夏一中2024-2025学年高二上学期8月开学考试英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer!
Roberts Community School
Roberts Community Music School has exciting summer musical opportunities for families on the west side of Rochester. It offers two 7- week Early Childhood Classes, Piano Discoveries, and a Ukulele Choir. Lessons are available for piano, voice, stringed instruments, and woodwind & amp; brass（铜管乐器）.
School of Rock— Rochester
With camp choices for all ages and skill levels, School of Rock is the perfect summer activity for your child. Our summer music camps are performance- based, meaning students learn to play by performing together in a fun environment. From beginner camps to songwriting and themed camps, we offer a wide variety of options to ensure your child has an amazing music al experience. Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage.
Eastman Community Music School
The Eastman Community Music School offers different day programs and overnight music camps this summer for middle and high school students, including Adventure Music Camp for Middle Schoolers, Summer Jazz Studies for High School Students, Baroque workshops, and New Horizons Orchestra Camp. Private lessons are also available of all ages, levels, instruments or voice. Bach to Rock Music School
Bach to Rock's Music Camps run each week all summer long for all ages and levels! Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music. Each weekly camp ends with an opportunity to record in our studio! Full or half- day camps are available. No experience is necessary.
1．Which school's programs are designed to get students on stage performing
A. Roberts Community School B. School of Rock—— Rochester
C. Eastman Community Music School D. Bach to Rock Music School
2．What is special about Bach to Rock Music Camps
A. They offer overnight camps
B. They require related experience
C. They offer chances to perform in a TV station
D. They can train different kinds of musical skills
3．Who can take part in the music camps introduced in the text
A. Rochester artists B. Local families
C. School students D.Experienced teachers
Selina Zhang, a high schooler, has invented a trap that could potentially get rid of lanternflies in the city. She first noticed this pest in grade school. At the time, Zhang was visiting a market near her hometown. The colorful bugs caught her eye, and she was intrigued as she had never seen a bug quite like it.
Zhang’s first encounter with the spotted lanternfly relates to the quote, “Not all that glitters is gold. ”This bug with bright red underwings standing out from black forewings might be pretty to look at. However, it has damaged local agricultural industry for decades, and the city has been unable to remove this problem.
This insect has a healthy appetite for most plants and can feed on most crops, trees and various fruits. This invasive pest does not harm humans or animals. However, it could reduce the quality of life of people living in heavily infested areas. It is known to be a nuisance(讨厌的东西)in outdoor areas as they can lay their egg masses on trees and even vehicles.
Zhang eventually realized that this insect posed a threat to Garden City and decided to do something about it. Most people choose insecticides to manage this invasion, but this can leave harmful remains affecting crucial pollinators. Some others use a sticky band wrapped around a tree trunk to trap pests. This method is also unsafe as it can trap other small animals and insects in its grip.
In search of an ecologically acceptable method, Zhang got inspiration from chess boards and the“Dance Dance Revolution”. She conducted an extensive field observation for weeks on end, observing the behavioral patterns of the bugs. She studied how they grew over time and navigated unfamiliar structures and areas they chose to gather. After her study, Zhang knew she wanted to copy the tree of heaven as a trap and used an umbrella from her family’s patio.
She then designed an electric net for this tree, using machine learning to kill the lanternflies that landed. And she finally created an solar-powered, self-cleaning“tree”that attracts the spotted lanternfly, removing the bug with an electronic mesh(网).
4．What does the quote“Not all that glitters is gold”in paragraph 2 mean
A. Things looking valuable may be worthless.
B. Zhang’s hometown fails to get rid of the bug.
C. Bodies of the beautiful lanternfly are glowing.
D. The bug destroys agricultural industry despite its beauty.
5．What can be learned about lanternflies
A. They live on greens and animals.
B. They have a bad effect on people’s life.
C. People hate them laying eggs everywhere.
D. Their underwings are shorter than their forewings.
6．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. The application of the trap. B. The source of the trap.
C. The process of inventing the trap. D. The challenges of designing the trap.
7．Which of the following can best describe Zhang
A. Persistent and innovative. B. Creative and modest.
C. Reliable and knowledgeable. D. Intelligent and confident
Willful ignorance exists in large amount in daily life. People regularly look the other way rather than examining the consequences of their actions. Despite plenty of scientific evidence for climate change, for instance, many people still avoid engaging with facts about global warming.
We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it. After collecting data from multiple research projects that involved more than 6,000 individuals, we discovered that willful ignorance is common and harmful, with 40 percent of people choosing “not to know” the consequences of their actions to free themselves of guilt while maximizing their own gains. But we also found that about 40 percent of people are unselfish: rather than avoiding information about the consequences of their actions, they seek it out to increase the benefits to others.
In the experiments, the decisions were made in one of two settings. In the transparent （透明的） setting, decision-makers had information about how their choice would affect themselves and their partner. In an ambiguous （模糊的） setting, decision-makers knew how their choice would matter for themselves but not for their teammate — although they could request that insight.
The overall balance tipped toward selfishness when participants had the option to avoid information. Only 39 percent of people in the ambiguous setting made the choice that ultimately benefited their partner — a significant drop from 55 percent in the transparent condition.
If we can avoid putting a strong moral emphasis on decisions, it may make people feel less threatened and, as a result, be less willfully ignorant. Other research groups have found promising ways to do this. For instance, we could encourage people to think more positively about good deeds rather than guilt-trip them for what they have failed to do. Highlighting recent global achievements, such as healing the ozone （臭氧） layer, can inspire people to keep up the good work rather than feeling like the battle is lost and that the situation is hopeless.
In short, we can encourage one another and ourselves toward more selfless and generous actions.
8．Why do some people choose not to know the consequences of their actions
A. To make easier choices to be a good person
B. To increase their own benefits more than others'
C. To avoid the influence of consequences on actions
D. To get the most benefits without a sense of shame
9．How can willful ignorance be prevented
A. By focusing less on its morality B. By stressing its potential threat
C. By being more positive about oneself D. By getting people aware of their actions
10．In which column of a newspaper can we read the passage
A. Literature B. Technology C. Biology D. Psychology
11．What is the passage mainly about
A. The reason for willful ignorance B. The harmful effects of willful ignorance
C. The results of willful ignorance D. The influence of willful ignorance on environment
Some people often wonder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes to maintain a healthy weight. In fact, researchers have provided plenty of evidence that people are born with tendencies to be lighter or heavier. For example, studies of identical twins have revealed great similarity in their overall weight. Part of this similarity may be explained by the finding that some people are born to burn a lot of calories just through ordinary day-to-day activities while others are not. Those who are not are more at risk for weight gain.
Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms （机制） that may make some individuals more likely to be obese. For example, a gene has been found that appears to control signals to the brain that enough fat has been stored in the body in the course of a meal—so the individual should stop eating. The gene influences the production of leptin （瘦蛋白）, which keeps appetite under control. If leptin doesn't work well, it is likely that individuals will continue to eat. Thus the gene that controls leptin appears to have a critical influence on the potential for obesity.
The confirmation that leptin plays a role in weight control has encouraged researchers to identify and understand other weight-related genes. Recent attention has focused on a gene called GAD2. GAD2 helps control the amount of the neurotransmitter （神经递质） GABA. In general, when more GABA is available, appetite is increased. For that reason, people who have a form of GAD2 that allows more GABA to be available may be at risk for overeating. You can see that GAD2 is not directly an obesity gene. Rather it has an indirect influence on obesity through its direct influence on GABA.
Genetic research holds out the promise of innovative solutions to obesity. Researchers hope that an understanding of the link between genes and weight control will enable them to provide new drug treatments. Nonetheless, even the most optimistic researchers provide a warning: “Innovative drugs will be effective only when they are used along with lifestyle changes.”
12．How does the author develop Paragraph 1
A. By giving an example. B. By making an assumption.
C. By asking questions. D. By reasoning and analyzing.
13．What does the underlined word “obese” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Powerful. B. Fat. C. Active. D. Outgoing.
14．What do researchers suggest doing in the last paragraph
A. Taking new drugs. B. Understanding genetic effects.
C. Keeping a healthy lifestyle. D. Trying to adjust GAD2.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. The Sons of Genes Helping You Keep Thin
B. The Reason Why You Become Too Heavy
C. How Does Genetics Contribute to Obesity
D. What Influence Does Food Have on Weight
二、七选五
16．Trashion （垃圾时尚） is a term for art, jewelry, and fashion created from used, thrown-out, found and repurposed elements. ①_________ However, as recycling and “green” fashion become more and more popular, trashion is now widely used to describe any wearable item or accessory that is constructed using all or part recycled materials.
Trashion is a philosophy including environmentalism and innovation. ②_________ Like upcycling, trashion generates items that are valued again, but these may be low-cost or high-cost, perhaps depending on the skill of the artist. The environmental aim of trashion is to call attention to the polluting result of waste.
③_________ For example, in 2006, Julia Genatossio held Monsoon Vermont, a trashion design house. The company designs items such as umbrellas, shower curtains and backpacks which are made from Jakarta’s recycled trash. Unlike other charity activities, it was a for-profit business activity.
Trashion design can include a wide variety of home goods, from tables to vases. People believe that by re-using unwanted items, they are both benefiting the environment and the items themselves, by giving such items a new purpose in life. Trashion can also be an interesting exploration for artists, who push themselves to think about things in new ways. ④_________
One of the great things about trashion is that it is accessible to anyone who feels creative and resourceful, unlike traditional fashion, which tends to be costly and elitist （精英统治的）. ⑤_________ Someone who wears trashion clothes to a function, for example, can be confident that no one else will be wearing the same.
A. Trashion is for saving energy.
B. Trashion is also unique.
C. Trashion has become a very popular style of art.
D. Public interest in trashion started spreading in the late 1990s.
E. It spring s from a desire to make the best use of limited resources.
F. A talented trashion designer can see trash as something valuable.
G. Initially, trashion was used to describe costumes usually linked to fashion shows.
三、完形填空（15空）
It's late— my wife and I are exhausted and covered in mud. There's an old woman shouting at us in Vietnamese, refusing to let us leave the house. Behind is her 1 , who I'm desperately trying to stop from taking her shirt off. It's chaos.
Helpless and 2 , I wonder; how did it come to this
We were on a motorcycle tour of Laos and Vietnam. We just 3 the border into Vietnam smoothly. Then the trouble began: the highway. The road was under 4 and in its place 5 the slipperiest mud slide imaginable. We were reduced to such a speed that 6 the motorcycle and starting walking seemed a possible option. Exhausted and dirty, we were ready to 7 . Cancel the trip I doubted. It just wasn't worth it.
Seven hours later, at our lowest point, we finally reached tarmac（柏油路）. Too defeated to 8 the new- found road, we pulled into what appeared a restaurant, figuring we could ask for 9 . There we were greeted by a teenage girl.
That brings us back to where we kicked off. The old woman is 10 , not in a scary way, but in an “I'm repeating myself louder and louder and you'll understand” kind of way. The teenage daughter keeps attempting to 11 in front of us. Desperately wanting to get to a hotel, we try to leave but the old woman pushes us back. We have no idea what we've gotten ourselves into, nor how the hell we are going to 12 .
Then there's a knock at the door —a man is outside and we're told to follow him. It turns out that they've called him to lead us into town. The mother stopped us because of this and the daughter was just trying to ask us if we wanted to 13 our clothes.
The people were so unbelievably helpful. This 14 continued for our entire trip. It helped us find new strength — the confidence, no matter how 15 it gets, to just keep going.
17．A. mother B. husband C. daughter D. neighbor
18．A. determined B. confused C. amused D. inspired
19．A. crossed B. closed C. defined D. climbed
20．A. threat B. investigation C. construction D. guarantee
21．A. lined B. trapped C. struck D. lay
22．A. repairing B. riding C. cleaning D. abandoning
23．A. throw in the towel B. face the music C. let out steamD. tick all the boxes
24．A. sec B. block C. describe D. appreciate
25．A. assessment B. directions C. facilities D. identification
26．A. whispering B. singing C. yelling D. lecturing
27．A. unload B. undress C. unlock D. unpack
28．A. escape B. continue C. travel D. lead
29．A. sell B. display C. change D. iron
30．A. persistence B. intelligence C. sympathy D. kindness
31．A. bad B. dark C. far D. dirty
四、短文填空
32．The core value of Chinese traditional culture is the concept of harmony. Harmony is, in fact, a complete cultural system that consists of not only
①_________ （value） but also a philosophy with its own world outlook. Harmony means “proper and balanced cooperation between things”.
With harmony at the heart, traditional Chinese principles suggest that there is a built-in dynamic in the universe that turns imbalance into balance. This concept, deeply ②_________ （mix） into the history of Chinese society, advocates for a balanced and ③_________ （peace） coexistence within the individual, between people, and between humanity and nature.
At the center of Chinese cultural harmony is the belief in the interconnectedness of all things. It ④_________（reflect） in various aspects of Chinese life, from the emphasis on family unity and social bond ⑤_________ the practice of traditional arts and the governance of the state.
The significance of harmony in Chinese culture cannot be overstated. It has shaped China’s approach to international relations, ⑥_________ （highlight） harmonious coexistence and shared benefit. In taking care of the environment, ⑦_________ inspires efforts to live according to natural cycles and to respect all forms of life. Moreover, the concept of harmony,⑧ _________ has enabled China to maintain social ⑨_________（stable）and cultural consistency despite the challenges of history, offers a model for settling conflicts and promoting a sense of community and belonging. As the world becomes ⑩_________ （steady） interconnected, the principles of Chinese cultural harmony offer valuable insights for creating a more balanced and sustainable global society.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你们学校正在举办主题为“用外语讲好中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位做出杰出贡献的当代中国科学家为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.人物简介及事迹；
2.意义或启示。
注意：1.词数80词左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Outstanding Chinese Scientist I Admire
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完成的短文。
Ruby was so proud of her new skates! She put them on right away and was soon rushing along the sidewalk. Her little brother Max could only watch in envy.
“I wish I had a pair!” he told his mum.
“Well, you're nearly big enough to wear Ruby's old skates,” she replied.
But when Max tried on Ruby's old skates, they were too big. He stuffed newspaper into the boots. Much to his disappointment, he fell over each time he tried to stand up in them.
Finally, he gave up, only watching Ruby skating around him.
“I should put on a skating display!” Ruby decided. “All our aunts, uncles and cousins will come. You'll watch me, Max ”
Max sighed. He didn't want to watch the show. He wanted to be in it! “Poor Max!” said his mum. Then, she took out a pair of thick red socks to let Max pull them on with the hope of fitting better.
Max eye d the red socks skeptically, saying, “Mum, these look just like my red soccer socks, but smaller.” His mum smiled, “Ah, your red soccer socks are too thin and meant for running, but these are magic socks that have the power to expand and stretch to fit most feet...”
Magic When Mum left the room, Max took the wand （魔杖） from his magic set and waved it around a few times,“ Magic socks, you are so great! Use your magic to help me skate” Max slipped the socks on and tried skating in his bedroom. He didn't full over! He tried again. He still didn't fall. He could now skate— thanks to his magic socks! Hooray!
The next morning, when he skated up to Ruby on one foot, she stared in amazement.“ Max, you are magic!” Thrilled, Ruby invited him to join in the show. To prepare well for the show, Max practiced happily with the magic socks on every day. Max even tried tricks like jumps, believing the socks would help him.
注意：
（1） 续写词数应为150个左右；
（2） 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The show time came and their family gathered in the garden.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
“But you're not wearing magic socks!” said Mum.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据School of Rock Rochester部分中“Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage.(我们的目标是让青少年为舞台上的现场表演做好准备)”可知,这个学校的夏令营专注于学生的舞台表演。故选B。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Bach to Rock Music School部分中“Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music.(我们的夏令营是为学生设计的,让他们与经验丰富的老师一起学习如何演奏他们选择的乐器,组建乐队,学习演奏他们喜欢的歌曲,并有机会创作自己的音乐)”可知,巴赫摇滚夏令营专注于培训学生不同的音乐技能。故选D。
3．答案：C
解析：
4．答案：D
解析：题干意思是第二段中的'闪光的未必都是金子这句话是什么意思，A、看起来有价值的东西可能毫无价值;B、张的家乡未能消灭这种虫子;C、美丽的蛾子身体会发光;D、这种昆虫虽然美丽，却破坏了农业;根据第二段第二行：这种有着鲜红色下翼、黑色前翼的蛾子看起来很漂亮。然而，它已经毁坏了当地的农业产业几十年，这个城市一直无法解决这个问题。可知，闪光的未必都是金子这句话的意思是这种昆虫虽然美丽，却破坏了农业，故选D。
5．答案：B
解析：题干意思是关于蛾子，我们可以了解到什么，A、它们以绿色和动物为食;B、它们对人们的生活有不好的影响;C、人们讨厌它们到处产卵;D、它们的后翼比前翼短;根据第三段第一行：这种昆虫对大多数植物都有健康的胃口，可以食用大多数作物、树木和各种水果。这种入侵性害虫不会危害人类或动物。然而，它可能会降低重灾区人们的生活质量。可知，它们对人们的生活有不好的影响，故选B。
6．答案：C
解析：题干意思是最后一段主要讲了什么A、陷阱的应用;B、陷阱的来源;C、发明陷阱的过程;D、设计陷阱的挑战;根据最后一段第行：她连续进行了数周的实地观察，观察这些虫子的行为模式。她研究了它们是如何随着时间的推移而生长，以及它们是如何在不熟悉的环境和地区聚集的。可知，最后一段主要讲了发明陷阱的过程，故选C。
7．答案：A
8．答案：D
解析：题意:为什么有些人选择不知道自己行为的结果 选项A:做一个好人，更容易的选择;选项B:增加他们自己比别人更多的利益:选项C:避免后果对行动的影响:选项D:让自己没有羞耻感，获得最大的利益。根据第二段第二句:After collecting data from multiple research projects that involved more than 6,000 individuals, we discovered that willful ignorance is common and harmful, with 40 percent of people choosing not to know the consequences of their actions to free themselves of guilt while maximizing their own gains. (在收集了6000多人参与的多项研究项目的数据后，我们发现，故意无知是常见和有害的，40%的人选择“不知道”他们的行为后果，以摆脱内疚，同时最大限度地提高自己的利益。)可知，有些人选择不知道自己行为的结果是为了让自己没有羞耻感，获得最大的利益。故选D。
9．答案：A
解析：题意:如何防止故意无知 选项A:少关注它的道德;选项B:强调其潜在的威胁，选项C:对自己更加积极:选项D:让人们意识到他们的行动。根据倒数第二段:If we can avoid putting a strong moral emphasis on decisions, it may make people feel less threatened and, as a result, be less willfully ignorant.(如果我们能避免在决策上强调强烈的道德，这可能会让人们感到较少的威胁，因此，会少些故意无知。) 可知，防止故意无知的做法是少关注它的道德。故选A。
10．答案：D
解析：题意:这篇文章是从杂志的哪一部分摘录的 选项A:文化;选项B:环境;选项C: 生物学;选项D:心理学。根据第一段最后一句:We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it(我们想了解故意无知是多么普遍，为什么人们会这样做。)可知，这是一项关于人类心理的研究，所以最有可能摘录于心理学杂志。故选D。
11．答案：A
解析：题意:这篇文章主要讲的是什么 选项A:故意无知的理由:选项B:故意无知的后果:选项C:故意无知的害处;选项D:意志性无知的力量。根据第一段最后一句:We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it.(我们想了解故意无知是多么普遍，为什么人们会这样做。)可知，本文主要介绍了人们故意无知的理由。故选A。
12．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Some people often wonder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes to maintain a healthy weight. In fact, researchers have provided plenty of evidence that people are born with tendencies to be lighter or heavier. For example, studies of identical twins have revealed great similarity in their overall weight. Part of this similarity may be explained by the finding that some people are born to burn a lot of calories just through ordinary day-to-day activities while others are not. Those who are not are more at risk for weight gain. (有些人常常想知道，他们是否在与自己的基因进行一场战斗，以保持健康的体重。事实上，研究人员已经提供了大量证据，证明人们天生就有更轻或更重的倾向。例如，对同卵双胞胎的研究表明，他们的总体体重非常相似。研究发现，有些人天生就能通过日常活动燃烧大量卡路里，而另一些人则不然,这可以部分解释这种相似性。那些不这样做的人体重增加的风险更大) ”可知,作者举例说明展开第一段。故选A。
13．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段“For example, a gene has been found that appears to control signals to the brain that enough fat has been stored in the body in the course of a meal-so the individual should stop eating. The gene influences the production of leptin (瘦蛋), which keeps appetite under control. If leptin doesn't work well, it is likely that individuals will continue to eat. Thus the gene that controls leptin appears to have a critical influence on the potential for obesity.(例如，已经发现一种基因似乎可以控制向大脑发出的信号，即在用餐过程中体内储存了足够的脂肪，因此个体应该停止进食。这种基因影响瘦素的产生,而瘦素能控制食欲。如果瘦素不起作用,人们很可能会继续吃。因此，控制瘦素的基因似乎对肥胖的可能性有关键影响)”以及划线词上文“Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make some individuals more likely to be”可知，研究人员已经发现了一些实际的遗传机制，这些机制可能使一些人更容易肥胖。故划线词意思是“肥胖的”。故选 B。
14．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nonetheless, even the most optimistic researchers provide a warning: “Innovative drugs will be effective only when they are used along with lifestyle changes. ” (然而，即使是最乐观的研究人员也提出了警告：“创新药物只有在与生活方式的改变一起使用时才会有效。”) ”可知，研究人员建议保持健康的生活方式。故选C。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make some individuals more likely to be obese.(研究人员已经发现了一些实际的遗传机制,这些机制可能使一些人更容易肥胖)”结合文章主要讲的是研究人员发现了一些可能使某些人更容易肥胖的实际遗传机制。可知，C选项“基因是如何导致肥胖的 ”最符合文章标题。故选C。
16．答案：G；E；C；F；B
解析：①下文“However, as recycling and “ “green” fashion become more and more popular, trashion is now widely used to describe any wearable item or accessory that is constructed using all or part recycled materials.(然而，随着回收和“绿色”时尚越来越流行，垃圾时尚现在被广泛用于描述任何使用全部或部分回收材料制成的可穿戴物品或配件)”说明随着时间的流逝，垃圾时尚的意义有了变化，与空格处是起初垃圾时尚的本来含义，因此G项“最初，垃圾被用来描述通常与时装秀有关的服装”符合语境，故选 G。
②下文“Like upcycling, trashion generates items that are valued again (就像回收利用一样，垃圾会产生重新估价的物品)”说明垃圾时尚本意是对资源的再利用，因此E项“它源于充分利用有限资源的愿望”符合语境，故选E。
③下文“For example, in 2006, Julia Genatossio held Monsoon Vermont, a trashion design house.(例如，2006年，Julia Genatossio 举办了佛蒙特季风，一个垃圾设计公司。)”说明垃圾时尚已经变成一种艺术，因此C项“垃圾已经成为一种非常流行的艺术风格”能够概括本段主旨，故选 C。
④上文“Trashion can also be an interesting exploration for artists, who push themselves to think about things in new ways (对于艺术家来说，垃圾也是一种有趣的探索，他们推动自己以新的方式思考事物)”说明垃圾通过艺术家的改造和创新会变成有价值的东西，与空格处是因果关系，因此F项“一个有才华的垃圾设计师可以把垃圾看作有价值的东西”符合语境，故选F。
⑤下文“Someone who wears trashion clothes to a function, for example, can be confident that no one else will be wearing the same.(例如，穿着垃圾服参加活动的人可以确信，其他人不会穿同样的衣服)”说明垃圾时尚的独特性，因此B项“垃圾也是独一无二的”符合语境，故选 B。
17．答案： C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.mother母亲;B.husband丈夫;C.daughter女儿;D.neighbor邻居。句意:后面是她的女儿，我拼命阻止她脱衣服。根据后文There we were greeted by a teenage girl.可知一个十几岁的女孩在那里迎接我们。说明后面是她的女儿，故答案为C。
18．答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.determined下定决心的;B.confused困惑的;C.amused愉快的;D.inspired受到鼓舞的。句意:无奈又迷茫，我纳闷:怎么会这样 根据下句I wonder: how did it come to this 可知我纳闷:怎么会这样 说明我无奈又迷茫，故答案为B。
19．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.crossed穿过:B.closed关闭;C.defined下定义:D.climbed爬。句意:我们刚刚顺利越过边境进入越南。根据常识和空后the border into Vietnam smoothly可知我们刚刚顺利越过边境进入越南。故答案为A。
20．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.threat威胁:B.investigation调查;C.construction建设;D.guarantee确保。句意:道路正在施工，可以想象的最滑的泥流就在这个地方，根据空后in its place 5 the slipperiest mud slide imaginable可知可以想象的最滑的泥流就在这个地方。说明道路正在施工，故答案为C。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.lined排队;B.trapped卡住;C.struck袭击;D.lay躺。句意:道路正在施工，可以想象的最滑的泥流就在这个地方。根据空后the slipperiest mud slide imaginable可知可以想象的最滑的泥流就在这个地方。故答案为D。
22．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.repairing修理;B.riding骑车;C.cleaning打扫;D.abandoning放弃。句意:我们被降低到如此的速度，以至于放弃摩托车开始步行似乎是一种可能的选择。根据空后starting walking seemed a possible option可知放弃摩托车开始步行似乎是一种可能的选择。故答案为D。
23．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.throw in the towel认输:B.face the music面对现实;C.let ou tsteam释放蒸汽:D.tick all the boxes勾选所有的方框。句意：又累又脏，我们准备认输了。根据下句Cancel the trip 可知取消旅行 说明我们准备认输了。故答案为A。
24．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.see看到:B.block阻止;C.describe描述;D.appreciate欣赏。句意:我们被打败了，无法欣赏新发现的道路，我们把车开进了一家看起来像是餐馆的地方，想着可以问路。根据空前Too defeated可知我们被打败了，说明我们无法欣赏新发现的道路，故答案为D。
25．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.assessment评估;B.directions方向;C.facilities便利设施;D.identification身份。句意:我们被打败了，无法欣赏新发现的道路，我们把车开进了一家看起来像是餐馆的地方，想着可以问路。根据后文It turns out that they’ve called him to lead us into town.可知原来他们叫他带我们进城。说明我们把车开进了一家看起来像是餐馆的地方，想着可以问路。故答案为B。
26．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.whispering低声说; B.singing唱歌; Cyelling喊叫; D.lecturing演讲。句意:老妇人在大喊大叫，不是以一种吓人的方式，而是以一种"我在越来越大声地重复我自己，你会明白的"的方式。根据下句but in an" I'm repeating myself louder and louder and you'll understand" "kind of way.可知而是以一种"我在越来越大声地重复我自己，你会明白的“的方式。说明老妇人在大喊大叫，故答案为C。
27．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.unload卸载:B.undress脱衣服;C.unlock打开;D.unpack打开取出东西。句意:十几岁的女儿一直试图在我们面前脱衣服。根据前文Behind is her (1) ，who I 'm desperately trying to stop from taking her shirt off.可知后面是她的女儿，我拼命阻止她脱衣服。说明十几岁的女儿一直试图在我们面前脱衣服。故答案为B。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.escape逃跑;B.continue继续;Ctravel旅行:D.lead领导。句意:我们不知道自己陷入了什么境地，也不知道该如何逃脱。根据上句We have no idea what we’ve gotten ourselves into可知我们不知道自己陷入了什么境地，说明也不知道该如何逃脱。故答案为A。
29．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.sell卖;B.display展示;C.change改变;D.iron熨。句意:母亲因此阻止了我们，女儿只是想问我们是否要换衣服。根据常识和空后our clothes可知女儿只是想问我们是否要换衣服。故答案为C。
30．答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.persistence坚持;B.intelligence智力;C.sympathy同情;D.kindness善意。句意:这种友好持续了我们整个旅行。根据上句The people were so unbelievably helpful可知人们非常乐于助人。说明这种友好持续了我们整个旅行。故答案为D。
31．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.bad差的;B.dark黑暗的;C.far远的; D.dirty脏的。句意：它帮助我们找到了新的力量—无论情况有多糟，坚持下去的信心。根据常识和下句to just keep going可知坚持下去的信心。说明情况非常糟糕。故答案为A。
32．答案：values；mixed；peaceful；is reflected；to；highlighting；it；which；stability；steadily
解析：①考查名词的复数。句意:和谐实际上是一个完整的文化体系，它不仅包括价值观，而且包括一种具有自己世界观的哲学。value 是可数名词，不止一种，因此空格处用复数。故填values .
②考查非谓语动词。句意:这一理念深深融入了中国社会的历史，倡导个体内部、人与人之间、人与自然之间的平衡与和平共处。句中谓语是 advocates,空格处用非谓语动词,concept和 mix 之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动。故填 mixed。
③考查形容词。句意:这一理念深深融入了中国社会的历史，倡导个体内部、人与人之间、人与自然之间的平衡与和平共处。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词coexistence，，peace 的形容词是 peaceful，意为“和平的”。故填 peaceful。
④考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意:它反映在中国人生活的各个方面，从强调家庭团结和社会纽带到传统艺术的实践和国家的治理。It和reflect 之间是逻辑动宾关系，句子用被动语态，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语It 是单数，因此空格处是 is reflected。故填 is reflected。
⑤考查介词。句意:它反映在中国人生活的各个方面，从强调家庭团结和社会纽带到传统艺术的实践和国家的治理。From…to…是固定搭配，意为“从…到…”，因此空格处是介词 to。故填 to。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意:它塑造了中国的国际关系理念，强调和谐共处、共享共赢。句中谓语是 has shaped，空格处用非谓语动词，It 和 highlight之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。故填 highlighting。
⑦考查代词。句意:在保护环境方面，它激励人们努力按照自然周期生活，尊重所有形式的生命。本句缺少主语，空处应填代词或者名词，根据语境可知，句子表示“在保护环境方面，它激励人们努力按照自然周期生活，尊重所有形式的生命”，空格处是“它”，用it代指harmony。故填 it。
⑧考查定语从句。句意:此外，和谐的概念使中国能够在历史的挑战中保持社会稳定和文化的一致性，为解决冲突和促进社区意识和归属感提供了一个模式。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词 the concept of harmony 是物，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。
⑨考查名词。句意:此外，和谐的理念使中国能够在历史的挑战中保持社会稳定和文化的一致性，为解决冲突和促进社区意识和归属感提供了一种模式。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，stable 的名词形式是 stability 意为“稳定”。故填 stability。
⑩考查副词。句意:随着世界越来越紧密地联系在一起，中国文化和谐的原则为创造一个更加平衡和可持续的全球社会提供了宝贵的见解。空格处用副词 steadily 修饰动词 becomes, steadily 意为“固定地，牢固地”。故填 steadily。
33．答案：An Outstanding Chinese Scientist I Admire
Among the myriad of brilliant minds in contemporary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr. Tu Youyou, the Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine. Her groundbreaking discovery of artemisinin, an effective treatment against malaria, has saved millions of lives worldwide, particularly in developing countries.
Dr. Tu's achievement not only showcases the immense potential of traditional Chinese wisdom but also underscores the importance of perseverance and innovative thinking in scientific research. Her story inspires me to pursue my academic endeavors with an open mind, embracing both the past and the future.
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。你们学校正在举办主题为“用外语讲好中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位做出杰出贡献的当代中国科学家为题，要求考生写一篇短文投稿。
1.词汇积累
成就：achievement→accomplishment
有效的：effective→efficient
追求：pursue→chase
接受：embrace→accept
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Among the myriad of brilliant minds in contemporary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr.TuYouyou,the Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine.
拓展句：Among the myriad of brilliant minds in contemporary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr.Tu You you, who is the Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine.
[高分句型1]Dr.Tu's achievement not only showcases the immense potential of traditional Chinese wisdom but also underscores the importance of perseverance and innovative thinking in scientific research.(运用了not only…but also…句型)
[高分句型2]Her story inspires me to pursue my academic endeavors with an open mind, embracing both the past and the future.(运用了现在分词作状语)
34．答案：The show time came and their family gathered in the garden. Max was nervous, afraid that he would fall over again. However, everything went perfectly! The audience held their breath as the two siblings did their special skating tricks, turns and jumps and when it was over, they clapped and cheered. Max had never been more proud! Mum went to hug them and praised Max for his graceful skating skills. Max thanked Mum a lot and owed his success to his magic socks.
“But you' re not wearing magic socks!” said Mum. “I put them in the wash this morning.” Max stared at her, and then at magic socks, which were hanging on the washing line. Actually, he was wearing the red soccer socks. Max was so surprised that he could still skate — even without his magic socks! “You don't need magic to skate,” said Mum. “You just need to practice and believe in yourself!” She was right! He could skate, all on his own.
解析：本文以时间为线索展开。马克斯非常想要一双溜冰鞋，但是他穿不上姐姐的旧溜冰鞋，于是妈妈拿出一双厚厚的红袜子，让马克斯穿上，希望能穿得更合脚，并告诉马克斯这是一双魔法袜子，在袜子的帮助下马克斯能够溜冰了，他和姐姐一起进行了家庭溜冰表演，他以为是魔法袜子帮助了他，妈妈却告诉他，他穿的并不是那双魔法袜子，马克斯这才明白他需要的是认真练习和信心。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“演出时间到了，他们全家聚集在花园里。”可知，第一段可描写马克斯和姐姐一起完美地完成了演出。
②由第二段首句内容“但你没有穿魔法袜子!妈妈说。”可知，第二段可描写马克斯意识到他需要的是信心和练习，而不是魔法袜子。
2.续写线索：完美演出喝彩—感谢—告知—惊讶—感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①将…归因于：owe…to/attribute…to
②拥抱：hug/embrace/enfold
③称赞：praise/acclaim
情绪类
①惊讶：surprised/astonished/amazed
②紧张：nervous/stressed/tense
[高分句型1]Max stared at her, and then at magic socks, which were hanging on the washing line.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Max was nervous, afraid that he would fall over again.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer!
Roberts Community School
Roberts Community Music School has exciting summer musical opportunities for families on the west side of Rochester. It offers two 7- week Early Childhood Classes, Piano Discoveries, and a Ukulele Choir. Lessons are available for piano, voice, stringed instruments, and woodwind & amp; brass（铜管乐器）.
School of Rock— Rochester
With camp choices for all ages and skill levels, School of Rock is the perfect summer activity for your child. Our summer music camps are performance- based, meaning students learn to play by performing together in a fun environment. From beginner camps to songwriting and themed camps, we offer a wide variety of options to ensure your child has an amazing music al experience. Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage.
Eastman Community Music School
The Eastman Community Music School offers different day programs and overnight music camps this summer for middle and high school students, including Adventure Music Camp for Middle Schoolers, Summer Jazz Studies for High School Students, Baroque workshops, and New Horizons Orchestra Camp. Private lessons are also available of all ages, levels, instruments or voice. Bach to Rock Music School
Bach to Rock's Music Camps run each week all summer long for all ages and levels! Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music. Each weekly camp ends with an opportunity to record in our studio! Full or half- day camps are available. No experience is necessary.
1．Which school's programs are designed to get students on stage performing
A. Roberts Community School B. School of Rock—— Rochester
C. Eastman Community Music School D. Bach to Rock Music School
2．What is special about Bach to Rock Music Camps
A. They offer overnight camps
B. They require related experience
C. They offer chances to perform in a TV station
D. They can train different kinds of musical skills
3．Who can take part in the music camps introduced in the text
A. Rochester artists B. Local families
C. School students D.Experienced teachers
Selina Zhang, a high schooler, has invented a trap that could potentially get rid of lanternflies in the city. She first noticed this pest in grade school. At the time, Zhang was visiting a market near her hometown. The colorful bugs caught her eye, and she was intrigued as she had never seen a bug quite like it.
Zhang’s first encounter with the spotted lanternfly relates to the quote, “Not all that glitters is gold. ”This bug with bright red underwings standing out from black forewings might be pretty to look at. However, it has damaged local agricultural industry for decades, and the city has been unable to remove this problem.
This insect has a healthy appetite for most plants and can feed on most crops, trees and various fruits. This invasive pest does not harm humans or animals. However, it could reduce the quality of life of people living in heavily infested areas. It is known to be a nuisance(讨厌的东西)in outdoor areas as they can lay their egg masses on trees and even vehicles.
Zhang eventually realized that this insect posed a threat to Garden City and decided to do something about it. Most people choose insecticides to manage this invasion, but this can leave harmful remains affecting crucial pollinators. Some others use a sticky band wrapped around a tree trunk to trap pests. This method is also unsafe as it can trap other small animals and insects in its grip.
In search of an ecologically acceptable method, Zhang got inspiration from chess boards and the“Dance Dance Revolution”. She conducted an extensive field observation for weeks on end, observing the behavioral patterns of the bugs. She studied how they grew over time and navigated unfamiliar structures and areas they chose to gather. After her study, Zhang knew she wanted to copy the tree of heaven as a trap and used an umbrella from her family’s patio.
She then designed an electric net for this tree, using machine learning to kill the lanternflies that landed. And she finally created an solar-powered, self-cleaning“tree”that attracts the spotted lanternfly, removing the bug with an electronic mesh(网).
4．What does the quote“Not all that glitters is gold”in paragraph 2 mean
A. Things looking valuable may be worthless.
B. Zhang’s hometown fails to get rid of the bug.
C. Bodies of the beautiful lanternfly are glowing.
D. The bug destroys agricultural industry despite its beauty.
5．What can be learned about lanternflies
A. They live on greens and animals.
B. They have a bad effect on people’s life.
C. People hate them laying eggs everywhere.
D. Their underwings are shorter than their forewings.
6．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A. The application of the trap. B. The source of the trap.
C. The process of inventing the trap. D. The challenges of designing the trap.
7．Which of the following can best describe Zhang
A. Persistent and innovative. B. Creative and modest.
C. Reliable and knowledgeable. D. Intelligent and confident
Willful ignorance exists in large amount in daily life. People regularly look the other way rather than examining the consequences of their actions. Despite plenty of scientific evidence for climate change, for instance, many people still avoid engaging with facts about global warming.
We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it. After collecting data from multiple research projects that involved more than 6,000 individuals, we discovered that willful ignorance is common and harmful, with 40 percent of people choosing “not to know” the consequences of their actions to free themselves of guilt while maximizing their own gains. But we also found that about 40 percent of people are unselfish: rather than avoiding information about the consequences of their actions, they seek it out to increase the benefits to others.
In the experiments, the decisions were made in one of two settings. In the transparent （透明的） setting, decision-makers had information about how their choice would affect themselves and their partner. In an ambiguous （模糊的） setting, decision-makers knew how their choice would matter for themselves but not for their teammate — although they could request that insight.
The overall balance tipped toward selfishness when participants had the option to avoid information. Only 39 percent of people in the ambiguous setting made the choice that ultimately benefited their partner — a significant drop from 55 percent in the transparent condition.
If we can avoid putting a strong moral emphasis on decisions, it may make people feel less threatened and, as a result, be less willfully ignorant. Other research groups have found promising ways to do this. For instance, we could encourage people to think more positively about good deeds rather than guilt-trip them for what they have failed to do. Highlighting recent global achievements, such as healing the ozone （臭氧） layer, can inspire people to keep up the good work rather than feeling like the battle is lost and that the situation is hopeless.
In short, we can encourage one another and ourselves toward more selfless and generous actions.
8．Why do some people choose not to know the consequences of their actions
A. To make easier choices to be a good person
B. To increase their own benefits more than others'
C. To avoid the influence of consequences on actions
D. To get the most benefits without a sense of shame
9．How can willful ignorance be prevented
A. By focusing less on its morality B. By stressing its potential threat
C. By being more positive about oneself D. By getting people aware of their actions
10．In which column of a newspaper can we read the passage
A. Literature B. Technology C. Biology D. Psychology
11．What is the passage mainly about
A. The reason for willful ignorance B. The harmful effects of willful ignorance
C. The results of willful ignorance D. The influence of willful ignorance on environment
Some people often wonder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes to maintain a healthy weight. In fact, researchers have provided plenty of evidence that people are born with tendencies to be lighter or heavier. For example, studies of identical twins have revealed great similarity in their overall weight. Part of this similarity may be explained by the finding that some people are born to burn a lot of calories just through ordinary day-to-day activities while others are not. Those who are not are more at risk for weight gain.
Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms （机制） that may make some individuals more likely to be obese. For example, a gene has been found that appears to control signals to the brain that enough fat has been stored in the body in the course of a meal—so the individual should stop eating. The gene influences the production of leptin （瘦蛋白）, which keeps appetite under control. If leptin doesn't work well, it is likely that individuals will continue to eat. Thus the gene that controls leptin appears to have a critical influence on the potential for obesity.
The confirmation that leptin plays a role in weight control has encouraged researchers to identify and understand other weight-related genes. Recent attention has focused on a gene called GAD2. GAD2 helps control the amount of the neurotransmitter （神经递质） GABA. In general, when more GABA is available, appetite is increased. For that reason, people who have a form of GAD2 that allows more GABA to be available may be at risk for overeating. You can see that GAD2 is not directly an obesity gene. Rather it has an indirect influence on obesity through its direct influence on GABA.
Genetic research holds out the promise of innovative solutions to obesity. Researchers hope that an understanding of the link between genes and weight control will enable them to provide new drug treatments. Nonetheless, even the most optimistic researchers provide a warning: “Innovative drugs will be effective only when they are used along with lifestyle changes.”
12．How does the author develop Paragraph 1
A. By giving an example. B. By making an assumption.
C. By asking questions. D. By reasoning and analyzing.
13．What does the underlined word “obese” in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Powerful. B. Fat. C. Active. D. Outgoing.
14．What do researchers suggest doing in the last paragraph
A. Taking new drugs. B. Understanding genetic effects.
C. Keeping a healthy lifestyle. D. Trying to adjust GAD2.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. The Sons of Genes Helping You Keep Thin
B. The Reason Why You Become Too Heavy
C. How Does Genetics Contribute to Obesity
D. What Influence Does Food Have on Weight
二、七选五
16．Trashion （垃圾时尚） is a term for art, jewelry, and fashion created from used, thrown-out, found and repurposed elements. ①_________ However, as recycling and “green” fashion become more and more popular, trashion is now widely used to describe any wearable item or accessory that is constructed using all or part recycled materials.
Trashion is a philosophy including environmentalism and innovation. ②_________ Like upcycling, trashion generates items that are valued again, but these may be low-cost or high-cost, perhaps depending on the skill of the artist. The environmental aim of trashion is to call attention to the polluting result of waste.
③_________ For example, in 2006, Julia Genatossio held Monsoon Vermont, a trashion design house. The company designs items such as umbrellas, shower curtains and backpacks which are made from Jakarta’s recycled trash. Unlike other charity activities, it was a for-profit business activity.
Trashion design can include a wide variety of home goods, from tables to vases. People believe that by re-using unwanted items, they are both benefiting the environment and the items themselves, by giving such items a new purpose in life. Trashion can also be an interesting exploration for artists, who push themselves to think about things in new ways. ④_________
One of the great things about trashion is that it is accessible to anyone who feels creative and resourceful, unlike traditional fashion, which tends to be costly and elitist （精英统治的）. ⑤_________ Someone who wears trashion clothes to a function, for example, can be confident that no one else will be wearing the same.
A. Trashion is for saving energy.
B. Trashion is also unique.
C. Trashion has become a very popular style of art.
D. Public interest in trashion started spreading in the late 1990s.
E. It spring s from a desire to make the best use of limited resources.
F. A talented trashion designer can see trash as something valuable.
G. Initially, trashion was used to describe costumes usually linked to fashion shows.
三、完形填空（15空）
It's late— my wife and I are exhausted and covered in mud. There's an old woman shouting at us in Vietnamese, refusing to let us leave the house. Behind is her 1 , who I'm desperately trying to stop from taking her shirt off. It's chaos.
Helpless and 2 , I wonder; how did it come to this
We were on a motorcycle tour of Laos and Vietnam. We just 3 the border into Vietnam smoothly. Then the trouble began: the highway. The road was under 4 and in its place 5 the slipperiest mud slide imaginable. We were reduced to such a speed that 6 the motorcycle and starting walking seemed a possible option. Exhausted and dirty, we were ready to 7 . Cancel the trip I doubted. It just wasn't worth it.
Seven hours later, at our lowest point, we finally reached tarmac（柏油路）. Too defeated to 8 the new- found road, we pulled into what appeared a restaurant, figuring we could ask for 9 . There we were greeted by a teenage girl.
That brings us back to where we kicked off. The old woman is 10 , not in a scary way, but in an “I'm repeating myself louder and louder and you'll understand” kind of way. The teenage daughter keeps attempting to 11 in front of us. Desperately wanting to get to a hotel, we try to leave but the old woman pushes us back. We have no idea what we've gotten ourselves into, nor how the hell we are going to 12 .
Then there's a knock at the door —a man is outside and we're told to follow him. It turns out that they've called him to lead us into town. The mother stopped us because of this and the daughter was just trying to ask us if we wanted to 13 our clothes.
The people were so unbelievably helpful. This 14 continued for our entire trip. It helped us find new strength — the confidence, no matter how 15 it gets, to just keep going.
17．A. mother B. husband C. daughter D. neighbor
18．A. determined B. confused C. amused D. inspired
19．A. crossed B. closed C. defined D. climbed
20．A. threat B. investigation C. construction D. guarantee
21．A. lined B. trapped C. struck D. lay
22．A. repairing B. riding C. cleaning D. abandoning
23．A. throw in the towel B. face the music C. let out steamD. tick all the boxes
24．A. sec B. block C. describe D. appreciate
25．A. assessment B. directions C. facilities D. identification
26．A. whispering B. singing C. yelling D. lecturing
27．A. unload B. undress C. unlock D. unpack
28．A. escape B. continue C. travel D. lead
29．A. sell B. display C. change D. iron
30．A. persistence B. intelligence C. sympathy D. kindness
31．A. bad B. dark C. far D. dirty
四、短文填空
32．The core value of Chinese traditional culture is the concept of harmony. Harmony is, in fact, a complete cultural system that consists of not only
①_________ （value） but also a philosophy with its own world outlook. Harmony means “proper and balanced cooperation between things”.
With harmony at the heart, traditional Chinese principles suggest that there is a built-in dynamic in the universe that turns imbalance into balance. This concept, deeply ②_________ （mix） into the history of Chinese society, advocates for a balanced and ③_________ （peace） coexistence within the individual, between people, and between humanity and nature.
At the center of Chinese cultural harmony is the belief in the interconnectedness of all things. It ④_________（reflect） in various aspects of Chinese life, from the emphasis on family unity and social bond ⑤_________ the practice of traditional arts and the governance of the state.
The significance of harmony in Chinese culture cannot be overstated. It has shaped China’s approach to international relations, ⑥_________ （highlight） harmonious coexistence and shared benefit. In taking care of the environment, ⑦_________ inspires efforts to live according to natural cycles and to respect all forms of life. Moreover, the concept of harmony,⑧ _________ has enabled China to maintain social ⑨_________（stable）and cultural consistency despite the challenges of history, offers a model for settling conflicts and promoting a sense of community and belonging. As the world becomes ⑩_________ （steady） interconnected, the principles of Chinese cultural harmony offer valuable insights for creating a more balanced and sustainable global society.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你们学校正在举办主题为“用外语讲好中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位做出杰出贡献的当代中国科学家为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.人物简介及事迹；
2.意义或启示。
注意：1.词数80词左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Outstanding Chinese Scientist I Admire
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完成的短文。
Ruby was so proud of her new skates! She put them on right away and was soon rushing along the sidewalk. Her little brother Max could only watch in envy.
“I wish I had a pair!” he told his mum.
“Well, you're nearly big enough to wear Ruby's old skates,” she replied.
But when Max tried on Ruby's old skates, they were too big. He stuffed newspaper into the boots. Much to his disappointment, he fell over each time he tried to stand up in them.
Finally, he gave up, only watching Ruby skating around him.
“I should put on a skating display!” Ruby decided. “All our aunts, uncles and cousins will come. You'll watch me, Max ”
Max sighed. He didn't want to watch the show. He wanted to be in it! “Poor Max!” said his mum. Then, she took out a pair of thick red socks to let Max pull them on with the hope of fitting better.
Max eye d the red socks skeptically, saying, “Mum, these look just like my red soccer socks, but smaller.” His mum smiled, “Ah, your red soccer socks are too thin and meant for running, but these are magic socks that have the power to expand and stretch to fit most feet...”
Magic When Mum left the room, Max took the wand （魔杖） from his magic set and waved it around a few times,“ Magic socks, you are so great! Use your magic to help me skate” Max slipped the socks on and tried skating in his bedroom. He didn't full over! He tried again. He still didn't fall. He could now skate— thanks to his magic socks! Hooray!
The next morning, when he skated up to Ruby on one foot, she stared in amazement.“ Max, you are magic!” Thrilled, Ruby invited him to join in the show. To prepare well for the show, Max practiced happily with the magic socks on every day. Max even tried tricks like jumps, believing the socks would help him.
注意：
（1） 续写词数应为150个左右；
（2） 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The show time came and their family gathered in the garden.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
“But you're not wearing magic socks!” said Mum.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据School of Rock Rochester部分中“Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage.(我们的目标是让青少年为舞台上的现场表演做好准备)”可知,这个学校的夏令营专注于学生的舞台表演。故选B。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Bach to Rock Music School部分中“Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music.(我们的夏令营是为学生设计的,让他们与经验丰富的老师一起学习如何演奏他们选择的乐器,组建乐队,学习演奏他们喜欢的歌曲,并有机会创作自己的音乐)”可知,巴赫摇滚夏令营专注于培训学生不同的音乐技能。故选D。
3．答案：C
解析：
4．答案：D
解析：题干意思是第二段中的'闪光的未必都是金子这句话是什么意思，A、看起来有价值的东西可能毫无价值;B、张的家乡未能消灭这种虫子;C、美丽的蛾子身体会发光;D、这种昆虫虽然美丽，却破坏了农业;根据第二段第二行：这种有着鲜红色下翼、黑色前翼的蛾子看起来很漂亮。然而，它已经毁坏了当地的农业产业几十年，这个城市一直无法解决这个问题。可知，闪光的未必都是金子这句话的意思是这种昆虫虽然美丽，却破坏了农业，故选D。
5．答案：B
解析：题干意思是关于蛾子，我们可以了解到什么，A、它们以绿色和动物为食;B、它们对人们的生活有不好的影响;C、人们讨厌它们到处产卵;D、它们的后翼比前翼短;根据第三段第一行：这种昆虫对大多数植物都有健康的胃口，可以食用大多数作物、树木和各种水果。这种入侵性害虫不会危害人类或动物。然而，它可能会降低重灾区人们的生活质量。可知，它们对人们的生活有不好的影响，故选B。
6．答案：C
解析：题干意思是最后一段主要讲了什么A、陷阱的应用;B、陷阱的来源;C、发明陷阱的过程;D、设计陷阱的挑战;根据最后一段第行：她连续进行了数周的实地观察，观察这些虫子的行为模式。她研究了它们是如何随着时间的推移而生长，以及它们是如何在不熟悉的环境和地区聚集的。可知，最后一段主要讲了发明陷阱的过程，故选C。
7．答案：A
8．答案：D
解析：题意:为什么有些人选择不知道自己行为的结果 选项A:做一个好人，更容易的选择;选项B:增加他们自己比别人更多的利益:选项C:避免后果对行动的影响:选项D:让自己没有羞耻感，获得最大的利益。根据第二段第二句:After collecting data from multiple research projects that involved more than 6,000 individuals, we discovered that willful ignorance is common and harmful, with 40 percent of people choosing not to know the consequences of their actions to free themselves of guilt while maximizing their own gains. (在收集了6000多人参与的多项研究项目的数据后，我们发现，故意无知是常见和有害的，40%的人选择“不知道”他们的行为后果，以摆脱内疚，同时最大限度地提高自己的利益。)可知，有些人选择不知道自己行为的结果是为了让自己没有羞耻感，获得最大的利益。故选D。
9．答案：A
解析：题意:如何防止故意无知 选项A:少关注它的道德;选项B:强调其潜在的威胁，选项C:对自己更加积极:选项D:让人们意识到他们的行动。根据倒数第二段:If we can avoid putting a strong moral emphasis on decisions, it may make people feel less threatened and, as a result, be less willfully ignorant.(如果我们能避免在决策上强调强烈的道德，这可能会让人们感到较少的威胁，因此，会少些故意无知。) 可知，防止故意无知的做法是少关注它的道德。故选A。
10．答案：D
解析：题意:这篇文章是从杂志的哪一部分摘录的 选项A:文化;选项B:环境;选项C: 生物学;选项D:心理学。根据第一段最后一句:We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it(我们想了解故意无知是多么普遍，为什么人们会这样做。)可知，这是一项关于人类心理的研究，所以最有可能摘录于心理学杂志。故选D。
11．答案：A
解析：题意:这篇文章主要讲的是什么 选项A:故意无知的理由:选项B:故意无知的后果:选项C:故意无知的害处;选项D:意志性无知的力量。根据第一段最后一句:We wanted to understand how common willful ignorance is and why people engage in it.(我们想了解故意无知是多么普遍，为什么人们会这样做。)可知，本文主要介绍了人们故意无知的理由。故选A。
12．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Some people often wonder whether they are fighting a battle with their genes to maintain a healthy weight. In fact, researchers have provided plenty of evidence that people are born with tendencies to be lighter or heavier. For example, studies of identical twins have revealed great similarity in their overall weight. Part of this similarity may be explained by the finding that some people are born to burn a lot of calories just through ordinary day-to-day activities while others are not. Those who are not are more at risk for weight gain. (有些人常常想知道，他们是否在与自己的基因进行一场战斗，以保持健康的体重。事实上，研究人员已经提供了大量证据，证明人们天生就有更轻或更重的倾向。例如，对同卵双胞胎的研究表明，他们的总体体重非常相似。研究发现，有些人天生就能通过日常活动燃烧大量卡路里，而另一些人则不然,这可以部分解释这种相似性。那些不这样做的人体重增加的风险更大) ”可知,作者举例说明展开第一段。故选A。
13．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段“For example, a gene has been found that appears to control signals to the brain that enough fat has been stored in the body in the course of a meal-so the individual should stop eating. The gene influences the production of leptin (瘦蛋), which keeps appetite under control. If leptin doesn't work well, it is likely that individuals will continue to eat. Thus the gene that controls leptin appears to have a critical influence on the potential for obesity.(例如，已经发现一种基因似乎可以控制向大脑发出的信号，即在用餐过程中体内储存了足够的脂肪，因此个体应该停止进食。这种基因影响瘦素的产生,而瘦素能控制食欲。如果瘦素不起作用,人们很可能会继续吃。因此，控制瘦素的基因似乎对肥胖的可能性有关键影响)”以及划线词上文“Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make some individuals more likely to be”可知，研究人员已经发现了一些实际的遗传机制，这些机制可能使一些人更容易肥胖。故划线词意思是“肥胖的”。故选 B。
14．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nonetheless, even the most optimistic researchers provide a warning: “Innovative drugs will be effective only when they are used along with lifestyle changes. ” (然而，即使是最乐观的研究人员也提出了警告：“创新药物只有在与生活方式的改变一起使用时才会有效。”) ”可知，研究人员建议保持健康的生活方式。故选C。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researchers have discovered some of the actual genetic mechanisms (机制) that may make some individuals more likely to be obese.(研究人员已经发现了一些实际的遗传机制,这些机制可能使一些人更容易肥胖)”结合文章主要讲的是研究人员发现了一些可能使某些人更容易肥胖的实际遗传机制。可知，C选项“基因是如何导致肥胖的 ”最符合文章标题。故选C。
16．答案：G；E；C；F；B
解析：①下文“However, as recycling and “ “green” fashion become more and more popular, trashion is now widely used to describe any wearable item or accessory that is constructed using all or part recycled materials.(然而，随着回收和“绿色”时尚越来越流行，垃圾时尚现在被广泛用于描述任何使用全部或部分回收材料制成的可穿戴物品或配件)”说明随着时间的流逝，垃圾时尚的意义有了变化，与空格处是起初垃圾时尚的本来含义，因此G项“最初，垃圾被用来描述通常与时装秀有关的服装”符合语境，故选 G。
②下文“Like upcycling, trashion generates items that are valued again (就像回收利用一样，垃圾会产生重新估价的物品)”说明垃圾时尚本意是对资源的再利用，因此E项“它源于充分利用有限资源的愿望”符合语境，故选E。
③下文“For example, in 2006, Julia Genatossio held Monsoon Vermont, a trashion design house.(例如，2006年，Julia Genatossio 举办了佛蒙特季风，一个垃圾设计公司。)”说明垃圾时尚已经变成一种艺术，因此C项“垃圾已经成为一种非常流行的艺术风格”能够概括本段主旨，故选 C。
④上文“Trashion can also be an interesting exploration for artists, who push themselves to think about things in new ways (对于艺术家来说，垃圾也是一种有趣的探索，他们推动自己以新的方式思考事物)”说明垃圾通过艺术家的改造和创新会变成有价值的东西，与空格处是因果关系，因此F项“一个有才华的垃圾设计师可以把垃圾看作有价值的东西”符合语境，故选F。
⑤下文“Someone who wears trashion clothes to a function, for example, can be confident that no one else will be wearing the same.(例如，穿着垃圾服参加活动的人可以确信，其他人不会穿同样的衣服)”说明垃圾时尚的独特性，因此B项“垃圾也是独一无二的”符合语境，故选 B。
17．答案： C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.mother母亲;B.husband丈夫;C.daughter女儿;D.neighbor邻居。句意:后面是她的女儿，我拼命阻止她脱衣服。根据后文There we were greeted by a teenage girl.可知一个十几岁的女孩在那里迎接我们。说明后面是她的女儿，故答案为C。
18．答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.determined下定决心的;B.confused困惑的;C.amused愉快的;D.inspired受到鼓舞的。句意:无奈又迷茫，我纳闷:怎么会这样 根据下句I wonder: how did it come to this 可知我纳闷:怎么会这样 说明我无奈又迷茫，故答案为B。
19．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.crossed穿过:B.closed关闭;C.defined下定义:D.climbed爬。句意:我们刚刚顺利越过边境进入越南。根据常识和空后the border into Vietnam smoothly可知我们刚刚顺利越过边境进入越南。故答案为A。
20．答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.threat威胁:B.investigation调查;C.construction建设;D.guarantee确保。句意:道路正在施工，可以想象的最滑的泥流就在这个地方，根据空后in its place 5 the slipperiest mud slide imaginable可知可以想象的最滑的泥流就在这个地方。说明道路正在施工，故答案为C。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.lined排队;B.trapped卡住;C.struck袭击;D.lay躺。句意:道路正在施工，可以想象的最滑的泥流就在这个地方。根据空后the slipperiest mud slide imaginable可知可以想象的最滑的泥流就在这个地方。故答案为D。
22．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.repairing修理;B.riding骑车;C.cleaning打扫;D.abandoning放弃。句意:我们被降低到如此的速度，以至于放弃摩托车开始步行似乎是一种可能的选择。根据空后starting walking seemed a possible option可知放弃摩托车开始步行似乎是一种可能的选择。故答案为D。
23．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.throw in the towel认输:B.face the music面对现实;C.let ou tsteam释放蒸汽:D.tick all the boxes勾选所有的方框。句意：又累又脏，我们准备认输了。根据下句Cancel the trip 可知取消旅行 说明我们准备认输了。故答案为A。
24．答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.see看到:B.block阻止;C.describe描述;D.appreciate欣赏。句意:我们被打败了，无法欣赏新发现的道路，我们把车开进了一家看起来像是餐馆的地方，想着可以问路。根据空前Too defeated可知我们被打败了，说明我们无法欣赏新发现的道路，故答案为D。
25．答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.assessment评估;B.directions方向;C.facilities便利设施;D.identification身份。句意:我们被打败了，无法欣赏新发现的道路，我们把车开进了一家看起来像是餐馆的地方，想着可以问路。根据后文It turns out that they’ve called him to lead us into town.可知原来他们叫他带我们进城。说明我们把车开进了一家看起来像是餐馆的地方，想着可以问路。故答案为B。
26．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.whispering低声说; B.singing唱歌; Cyelling喊叫; D.lecturing演讲。句意:老妇人在大喊大叫，不是以一种吓人的方式，而是以一种"我在越来越大声地重复我自己，你会明白的"的方式。根据下句but in an" I'm repeating myself louder and louder and you'll understand" "kind of way.可知而是以一种"我在越来越大声地重复我自己，你会明白的“的方式。说明老妇人在大喊大叫，故答案为C。
27．答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.unload卸载:B.undress脱衣服;C.unlock打开;D.unpack打开取出东西。句意:十几岁的女儿一直试图在我们面前脱衣服。根据前文Behind is her (1) ，who I 'm desperately trying to stop from taking her shirt off.可知后面是她的女儿，我拼命阻止她脱衣服。说明十几岁的女儿一直试图在我们面前脱衣服。故答案为B。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.escape逃跑;B.continue继续;Ctravel旅行:D.lead领导。句意:我们不知道自己陷入了什么境地，也不知道该如何逃脱。根据上句We have no idea what we’ve gotten ourselves into可知我们不知道自己陷入了什么境地，说明也不知道该如何逃脱。故答案为A。
29．答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.sell卖;B.display展示;C.change改变;D.iron熨。句意:母亲因此阻止了我们，女儿只是想问我们是否要换衣服。根据常识和空后our clothes可知女儿只是想问我们是否要换衣服。故答案为C。
30．答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.persistence坚持;B.intelligence智力;C.sympathy同情;D.kindness善意。句意:这种友好持续了我们整个旅行。根据上句The people were so unbelievably helpful可知人们非常乐于助人。说明这种友好持续了我们整个旅行。故答案为D。
31．答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.bad差的;B.dark黑暗的;C.far远的; D.dirty脏的。句意：它帮助我们找到了新的力量—无论情况有多糟，坚持下去的信心。根据常识和下句to just keep going可知坚持下去的信心。说明情况非常糟糕。故答案为A。
32．答案：values；mixed；peaceful；is reflected；to；highlighting；it；which；stability；steadily
解析：①考查名词的复数。句意:和谐实际上是一个完整的文化体系，它不仅包括价值观，而且包括一种具有自己世界观的哲学。value 是可数名词，不止一种，因此空格处用复数。故填values .
②考查非谓语动词。句意:这一理念深深融入了中国社会的历史，倡导个体内部、人与人之间、人与自然之间的平衡与和平共处。句中谓语是 advocates,空格处用非谓语动词,concept和 mix 之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动。故填 mixed。
③考查形容词。句意:这一理念深深融入了中国社会的历史，倡导个体内部、人与人之间、人与自然之间的平衡与和平共处。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词coexistence，，peace 的形容词是 peaceful，意为“和平的”。故填 peaceful。
④考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意:它反映在中国人生活的各个方面，从强调家庭团结和社会纽带到传统艺术的实践和国家的治理。It和reflect 之间是逻辑动宾关系，句子用被动语态，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语It 是单数，因此空格处是 is reflected。故填 is reflected。
⑤考查介词。句意:它反映在中国人生活的各个方面，从强调家庭团结和社会纽带到传统艺术的实践和国家的治理。From…to…是固定搭配，意为“从…到…”，因此空格处是介词 to。故填 to。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意:它塑造了中国的国际关系理念，强调和谐共处、共享共赢。句中谓语是 has shaped，空格处用非谓语动词，It 和 highlight之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。故填 highlighting。
⑦考查代词。句意:在保护环境方面，它激励人们努力按照自然周期生活，尊重所有形式的生命。本句缺少主语，空处应填代词或者名词，根据语境可知，句子表示“在保护环境方面，它激励人们努力按照自然周期生活，尊重所有形式的生命”，空格处是“它”，用it代指harmony。故填 it。
⑧考查定语从句。句意:此外，和谐的概念使中国能够在历史的挑战中保持社会稳定和文化的一致性，为解决冲突和促进社区意识和归属感提供了一个模式。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词 the concept of harmony 是物，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。
⑨考查名词。句意:此外，和谐的理念使中国能够在历史的挑战中保持社会稳定和文化的一致性，为解决冲突和促进社区意识和归属感提供了一种模式。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，stable 的名词形式是 stability 意为“稳定”。故填 stability。
⑩考查副词。句意:随着世界越来越紧密地联系在一起，中国文化和谐的原则为创造一个更加平衡和可持续的全球社会提供了宝贵的见解。空格处用副词 steadily 修饰动词 becomes, steadily 意为“固定地，牢固地”。故填 steadily。
33．答案：An Outstanding Chinese Scientist I Admire
Among the myriad of brilliant minds in contemporary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr. Tu Youyou, the Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine. Her groundbreaking discovery of artemisinin, an effective treatment against malaria, has saved millions of lives worldwide, particularly in developing countries.
Dr. Tu's achievement not only showcases the immense potential of traditional Chinese wisdom but also underscores the importance of perseverance and innovative thinking in scientific research. Her story inspires me to pursue my academic endeavors with an open mind, embracing both the past and the future.
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。你们学校正在举办主题为“用外语讲好中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位做出杰出贡献的当代中国科学家为题，要求考生写一篇短文投稿。
1.词汇积累
成就：achievement→accomplishment
有效的：effective→efficient
追求：pursue→chase
接受：embrace→accept
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Among the myriad of brilliant minds in contemporary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr.TuYouyou,the Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine.
拓展句：Among the myriad of brilliant minds in contemporary China, I am deeply inspired by Dr.Tu You you, who is the Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine.
[高分句型1]Dr.Tu's achievement not only showcases the immense potential of traditional Chinese wisdom but also underscores the importance of perseverance and innovative thinking in scientific research.(运用了not only…but also…句型)
[高分句型2]Her story inspires me to pursue my academic endeavors with an open mind, embracing both the past and the future.(运用了现在分词作状语)
34．答案：The show time came and their family gathered in the garden. Max was nervous, afraid that he would fall over again. However, everything went perfectly! The audience held their breath as the two siblings did their special skating tricks, turns and jumps and when it was over, they clapped and cheered. Max had never been more proud! Mum went to hug them and praised Max for his graceful skating skills. Max thanked Mum a lot and owed his success to his magic socks.
“But you' re not wearing magic socks!” said Mum. “I put them in the wash this morning.” Max stared at her, and then at magic socks, which were hanging on the washing line. Actually, he was wearing the red soccer socks. Max was so surprised that he could still skate — even without his magic socks! “You don't need magic to skate,” said Mum. “You just need to practice and believe in yourself!” She was right! He could skate, all on his own.
解析：本文以时间为线索展开。马克斯非常想要一双溜冰鞋，但是他穿不上姐姐的旧溜冰鞋，于是妈妈拿出一双厚厚的红袜子，让马克斯穿上，希望能穿得更合脚，并告诉马克斯这是一双魔法袜子，在袜子的帮助下马克斯能够溜冰了，他和姐姐一起进行了家庭溜冰表演，他以为是魔法袜子帮助了他，妈妈却告诉他，他穿的并不是那双魔法袜子，马克斯这才明白他需要的是认真练习和信心。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“演出时间到了，他们全家聚集在花园里。”可知，第一段可描写马克斯和姐姐一起完美地完成了演出。
②由第二段首句内容“但你没有穿魔法袜子!妈妈说。”可知，第二段可描写马克斯意识到他需要的是信心和练习，而不是魔法袜子。
2.续写线索：完美演出喝彩—感谢—告知—惊讶—感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①将…归因于：owe…to/attribute…to
②拥抱：hug/embrace/enfold
③称赞：praise/acclaim
情绪类
①惊讶：surprised/astonished/amazed
②紧张：nervous/stressed/tense
[高分句型1]Max stared at her, and then at magic socks, which were hanging on the washing line.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Max was nervous, afraid that he would fall over again.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
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