Unit 3 Family matters 单元专项提升 课件 高中英语必修第一册外研版
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| 名称 | Unit 3 Family matters 单元专项提升 课件 高中英语必修第一册外研版 |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 2.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-10-26 22:16:58 | ||
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UNIT 3 Family matters
单元专项提升
高中英语必修第一册外研版
单元语法归纳
巧梳理·知识框图
挖教材·语法示例
用括号内单词的适当形式补全下列教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征
1.I _____________（decide） not to go to university. I want to focus on my band
and have a career in music when I ______（leave） school.
2.The music industry _____________（develop） fast now. Making music is a job.
have decided
leave
is developing
3.I remember when you______（be） his age,you_____
（say） that you________（want） to be a professional football player.
were
said
wanted
4.If you ____（go） to university and play music at the same time, you
__________（have） two options for your future.
go
will have
细归纳 语法精讲
五种主要时态
初中阶段，同学们主要学习了以下五种时态：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在
完成时、一般过去时和一般将来时。本单元复习这五种时态。
知识点1 一般现在时
1.形式：主语+do/does;主语+am/is/are
2.用法：
（1）表示现在经常发生的或习惯性动作，也可表示现在存在的特征或状态等，常与
always、every time、now and then、often、seldom、sometimes、usually等连用。
He always goes to work by bus,and he takes a walk with his wife after dinner
every day.他总是乘公共汽车上班，而且每天晚饭后和妻子一起散步。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
1.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）The tour ________（depart） from Dam Square every hour
on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.
departs
【解析】根据时间状语every day可知，空处应用一般现在时，主语为The tour,是第
三人称单数形式，故填departs。
2.(新高考Ⅰ卷)Often， only a small part of a museum's collection ___ （be） on
display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
is
【解析】根据时间状语Often可知,该句应用一般现在时，设空处为谓语动词，主语为
a small part of a museum's collection，是第三人称单数形式，故此处用is。
3.(全国Ⅰ卷)From then on, I started to play football with classmates after school. I
____（be） a good player now.
am
【解析】根据空处所在句的时间状语now以及语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，又
因主语为I，故填am。
（2）表示普遍真理、客观事实等，也可用在格言警句中。
Light travels faster than sound.光比声音传播得快。
As we all know,the earth travels around the sun.众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
1.(2024·浙江1月)The most obvious advantage of online learning ___（be） that you
can study anywhere and anytime.
is
【解析】本句讲到了在线学习的优势，是对客观情况的描述，时态宜用一般现在时，
故填is。
2.(2022·北京)Gas naturally _____（have） no recognisable smell.
has
【解析】此处表示天然气本来没有易于识别的气味，叙述的是客观事实，空处应用
一般现在时;又因主语为Gas,是第三人称单数形式，故填has。
3.特殊用法：表示将来
（1）在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。
I will tell her the good news when she comes tomorrow.她明天来的时候我将会把
这个好消息告诉她。
If it snows tomorrow,we shall have a snowball fight.如果明天下雪，我们将会打雪
仗。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
(全国Ⅱ卷)They often get up early and water the vegetables together…When
summer_______（come）, they will invite their students to pick the fresh
vegetables!
comes
【解析】主句用了一般将来时，时间状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来。
（2）表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的动作。有此用法的词语有go、come、
leave、start、begin、arrive、take off等。
The meeting begins at 2:00 in the afternoon and ends at 5:00. 会议下午两点开始，
五点结束。
The plane takes off at eight and arrives in Beijing at eleven.飞机八点起飞，十一
点到北京。
链高考 真题精练
(重庆高考)A Midsummer Night's Dream___at the Theatre Royal on 19th June,and
then tours throughout Scotland.
A
A.opens B.is opened C.will open D.will be opened
【解析】此处用一般现在时来表达按计划或时间表将要发生的动作。
知识点2 现在进行时
1.形式：主语+am/is/are+doing
2.用法：
（1）表示此时此刻正在进行的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作。
Our friends are waiting for us outside now.我们的朋友们现在正在外面等着我们。
She is learning English in a university now.她现在正在一所大学里学英语。
链高考 真题精练
1.(天津3月高考)Currently, about 35,000 works ___ in over 300 rooms in the
Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
D
A.were displaying B.are displaying
C.were being displayed D.are being displayed
【解析】根据Currently和语境可知，此处表示目前正在发生的事，应用现在进行时；
作品被陈列，应用被动语态。故D项正确。
2.语法填空
(北京高考)—Hi,let's go skating.
—Sorry,I'm busy right now. I __________（fill） in an application form（申请表）
for a new job.
am filling
【解析】根据语境可知，答话人"正忙着"，所以此处表示"正在填申请表"，故用现在
进行时。
（2）与always、constantly（一直）、continually（不断地）、forever等副词连用，
表示重复的动作，带有某种强烈的感彩（如赞赏、不满、埋怨等），并不强调
动作正在进行。
He is always thinking more of others than of himself.他总是为别人考虑得多，为
自己考虑得少。（表示赞扬）
He is constantly making trouble for his friends.他一直给朋友们制造麻烦。
（表示不满）
3.特殊用法：表示将要发生的动作
go、come、leave、start、take等趋向性动词的现在进行时可以表示按最近的计划或安
排将要发生的动作，或即将开始/结束的动作。
They are taking the eight o'clock train.他们将乘坐8点的火车。
敲黑板 特别提醒
并非所有的动词都可用于进行时态，下列动词不能用于进行时态：
①表示感觉、感知的动词：see（看见）、seem、appear、smell、taste、sound等。
②表示感情的动词：like、love、hate、dislike、hope、prefer（更喜欢）、refuse、
want、wish等。
③表示存在状态的动词：exist、remain（仍然是）、stay等。
④表示占有和从属关系的动词：belong（拥有）、contain（包含）、own等。
⑤表示思考、理解等心理活动的动词：believe、doubt、forget、know、remember、
understand等。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
(全国Ⅱ卷)The summer holiday __________（come）. My classmates and I are
talking about what to do during the holiday.
is coming
【解析】come为趋向性动词，其现在进行时可以表示按最近的计划或安排将要发生
的动作，故填is coming。
知识点3 现在完成时
1.形式：主语+have/has+done
2.用法：
（1）表示动作发生在过去，现在已完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，常与yet、
already、just、before、lately等词连用。
—Have you finished your homework yet 你已经做完家庭作业了吗？
—Yes,I have already finished it.是的，我已经做完了。
敲黑板 特别提醒
have/has gone to与have/has been to的区别：
have/has gone to强调"去而未归"；have/has been to强调"去而归来"。
（2）表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，现在未完成，还有可能继续持续下
去，常同recently、so far、in the last/past…、up to now、 "for+时间段"和"since+时
间点"等连用。
He has worked here for over twenty years.他在这里工作已有20多年了。
敲黑板 特别提醒
某些非延续性动词，如leave、arrive、come、go、return、join、die、buy、
borrow等的完成式，不能与"for+时间段"或"since+时间点"等连用，要先将这些动词
转化为相应的延续性动词才能与一段时间连用。试比较：
我买这台电脑有一年了。
【误】I have bought the computer for a year.
【正】I have kept the computer for a year.
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
1.(2024·浙江1月)In the past few years, online learning ____________（become）a
significant part of the university and college experience.
has become
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。结合时间状语In the past few
years可知，应用现在完成时，故填has become。
2.(2023·北京)Up to now, China _______________（establish） a number of
protected areas with mangroves.
has established
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。结合时间状语Up to now可知，
时态应用现在完成时；主语China与establish为主谓关系，且主语是第三人称单数，
故填has established。
（3）现在完成时的常用固定句型:
①在"That/This/It is the first/second/third/… time+（that）…"句型中，从句要用现在
完成时。
This is the first time that I have watched a play.这是我第一次看戏剧。
②在"That/This/It is the+形容词的最高级+名词+（that）…"句型中，从句用现在完成
时。
This is the best film that I've ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。
知识点4 一般过去时
1.形式:主语+did;主语+was/were
2.用法：
（1）表示过去某个时间发生的动作或产生的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，
如yesterday、 last week、 in 2000、 two years ago、 a moment ago等。
The boy fell off his bike yesterday.这个男孩昨天从自行车上摔了下来。
（2）表示过去一段时间内经常发生的或习惯性的动作。常与often、 usually、
sometimes等表示频度的词连用。
I often went to school on foot last term.上学期我经常步行去上学。
一般过去时/现在完成时
一般过去时 现在完成时
只表示动作发生在过去，与现在无关，不 强调对现在产生的影响 强调的是过去发生的动作对现在造成
的影响或产生的结果
属于过去时态的范畴 属于现在时态的范畴
常与确定的表示过去的时间状语连用 不与表示过去的时间状语连用
We got news from her last night.我们昨天夜里得到了她的消息。
We've got no news from her, and we're worried about her.我们还没有得到她的消
息，很担心她。
链高考 真题精练
1.(北京高考)—Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here I haven't seen you around.
—Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just ___ on Monday.
C
A.start B.have started C.started D.had started
【解析】根据语境及时间状语on Monday可知，此处应用一般过去时，表示过去发
生的事。
2.语法填空
①(2023·浙江1月)I ____________（experience） this when I started switching to a
zero waste lifestyle five years ago.
experienced
【解析】根据时间状语"five years ago"可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，故应
用一般过去时。
②(全国Ⅲ卷)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could
find the legendary（传奇的） artist, they smiled and ________（point） down the
river.
pointed
【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处and连接两个并列的谓语动词，and前后的时态应
保持一致，所以此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
知识点5 一般将来时
1.（1）形式：主语+will/shall+do
（2）用法：表示将来要发生的动作或产生的状态，常和tomorrow、next year、next
month、this evening、 in a few days等表示将来的时间状语连用。will可用于各种
人称，而shall多用于第一人称。
They will fly to Beijing in three days.三天后他们将乘飞机去北京。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
1.(天津高考)—Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now
—Don't worry. She ________（be） here in about twenty minutes.
will be
【解析】根据句中的in about twenty minutes可知，应填will be。
2.(北京高考)—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
—All right. I _____________（call） him later.
will/shall call
【解析】根据时间状语later可知,空处应用一般将来时，主语为第一人称，情态动词
可用will/shall。
2.（1）形式：主语+am/is/are+going to do
（2）用法：①表示现在打算或计划将来要做的事情。
—What are you going to do tonight？你今晚打算做什么？
—I'm going to watch the football game on TV.我打算在电视上看足球赛。
The train is going to leave very soon.火车很快就要开了。
②表示现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。
Look at the dark clouds! It's going to rain.看那些乌云！天要下雨了。
3.（1）形式：主语+am/is/are+to do
（2）用法：①表示按计划、约定等将要发生的动作或用于报纸、广播等宣布官方的
计划或决定。
They are to meet at the gate of the school.他们将在学校门口见面。
The line is to be open to traffic next week.该线路计划下周通车。
②表示义务、命令、禁止或可能性。
You are to return the book before Friday. 你要在星期五之前归还这本书。
No one is to leave the room without permission.未经允许，任何人不得离开这个
房间。
4.（1）形式：主语+am/is/are+about to do
（2）用法：表示最近的将来，正要或即将发生的动作，常译作"即将……之时，马
上就……"。
Please be seated. The lecture is about to begin.请坐好。演讲就要开始了。
语法练 专项提升
Ⅰ 用括号内词的适当形式填空
1.(2024·广东深圳期末)Look! The bright green tea leaves ___________（fall） in
the water inside the glass. It's beautiful.
2.In the past few years, great changes ____________（take） place in my
hometown.
3.The Spring Festival always _________（remind） people of hope. During such a
festival, we visit our relatives and friends to bring our best wishes to everyone.
4.It's the third time that you _____________ （arrive）late this month.
are falling
have taken
reminds
have arrived
5.—What time is it now
—I didn't notice it. Just a minute. I___________（check） it for you.
will check
6.I want to know whether Nina __________ us tomorrow, but I think if she
______ us, we will be able to complete the task ahead of time.（help）
7.(2024·广东广州期末)If you rely on yourself and trust your own talents, your
efforts _________（pay） off in the end.
8.(2024·广东广雅中学检测)From 2015 to 2019, it ______ （take） only four years
for this great project to be completed, which shows the amazing "Chinese speed".
will help
helps
will pay
took
Ⅱ 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiao Ming is very excited today because his parents 1. .（be） back
from America. They 2. .（stay） there for about two months. They
3. .（phone）him yesterday afternoon and said,"We 4. .（leave）
for the airport at four o'clock because the plane 5. .（take） off at six. We
6. .（buy） some gifts for you and your grandpa yesterday. Are you
7. .（come） to the airport to meet us ""Of course!" he said. Just now he
and his grandpa were about to leave home when the phone rang. It was Xiao
Ming's parents."We 8. .（arrive） home in half an hour." What a great
surprise!
will be
have stayed
phoned
are leaving
takes
bought
coming
will arrive
写作方法指导
如何写叙事类记叙文
叙事类记叙文主要对某一事件的发生、发展和结果进行叙述，重在叙述事情发
生、发展的过程。英语写作中的叙事类记叙文写作重点考查语言运用的正确性、句
子的连贯性、信息表述的完整性等。
叙事类记叙文写作时应注意的问题：
常用表达
1.交代时间的常用表达：
one day; the other day； when I was…years old; by the end of last term; during
the summer holidays; on Sunday morning…
2.交代地点的常用表达：
on the way to school; on the way home; at the crossing; at the end of the street;
at the foot of the mountain
3.交代时间、地点和相关人物的典型句型：
Sb.was doing…in someplace when…某人正在某地做……这时……
Sb.was about to do…when…=Sb.was on the point of doing…when… 某人正要
做……这时……
Sb.had just done…when…某人刚刚做了……这时……
4.介绍故事的结局或谈自己的收获、感想时的常用表达：
①常用词汇:
luckily/fortunately; to one's surprise; feel tired/delighted
②常用句型:
Personally，I think that…
What surprised/attracted/delighted us most was that…
Although I was tired, I learned what I couldn't learn in/at school.
Through this meaningful activity, we learned something that can't be learned in
class.
I was deeply impressed/moved/touched by…
巧运用 典例详析
书面表达
（2023·浙江1月）上周末你参加了校学生会组织的"认识我们身边的植物"活动。
请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动的过程；
2.收获与感想。
注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
A 教你审题
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
B 教你选词
1.以……为目的__________________
2.教育某人某事__________________________
3.以……开始_________________________
4.更深入地了解……_______________________________
5.在……方面发挥作用________________
6.维持自然界的平衡__________________________
with the aim of…
educate sb.on/in/about sth.
start with…/begin with…
get a deeper understanding of…
play a role in…
keep the balance of nature
C 教你造句
1.上周末，为了教育学生植物的重要性，学生会组织了名为"认识我们身边的植物"的
活动。
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2.这次活动以一位植物学家（botanist）的演讲开始。
______________________________________________
3.这位植物学家教我们各种植物的不同特征和用途。
_________________________________________________________________________
__________
The activity began with a lecture by a botanist.
The botanist taught us about the different features and uses of a wide range of plants.
Last weekend, with the aim of educating the students on the importance
of plants, the Students' Union organised an activity called "Getting to Know
the Plants Around Us".
4.我也更深入地了解了植物的重要作用。
_______________________________________________________________
5.植物在维持自然界的平衡方面发挥着重要作用。
____________________________________________________________
I also got a deeper understanding of the important role of plants.
Plants play an important role in keeping the balance of nature.
D 教你升级
1.用who引导的非限制性定语从句合并句2和句3。
_________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
2.用定语从句合并句4和句5。
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________
The activity began with a lecture by a botanist, who taught us about the different features and uses of a wide range of plants.
I also got a deeper understanding of the important role that plants play in keeping the balance of nature.
E 教你成篇
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
Last weekend, with the aim of educating the students on the importance of
plants, the Students' Union organised an activity called "Getting to Know the Plants
Around Us".
The activity began with a lecture by a botanist, who taught us about the
different features and uses of a wide range of plants. We then went on a walk to
observe different plants close up.
Taking advantage of the event, I learned a lot about plants. I also got a
deeper understanding of the important role that plants play in keeping the
balance of nature. Overall, it was a valuable and individual experience.
［名师点评］本篇写作要点齐全，结构清晰，逻辑顺畅、有条理，并使用了一些高
级词汇和丰富的表达，展示了作者扎实的语言功力和良好的写作技能。
［总结］范文中使用的本单元新学表达：
词汇 ______________________________________________________________
with the aim of、 feature、 range、 observe、 event、 individual
提能力 迁移训练
书面表达
假定你是李华，你们班昨天开展了一次植树活动，请你根据以下要点，用英语
记述这次植树活动，并在英语课上向同学们做展示。
1.活动目的；
2.具体活动过程；
3.收获或感受。
注意： 1.词数80 左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________
【参考答案】
Yesterday our class held a tree-planting activity which aims at making us
get close to nature and beautifying the environment.
In the morning, we took a bus to a hill which is 5 kilometers away from
our school. On arrival, we began to work immediately. Some were digging
holes. Some were carrying and planting young trees. Others were watering
them. After getting the work done, we put up a board reminding people to
protect the trees. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of achievement.
Before leaving we took some photos to record our action.
Through this activity, we learned that it's our duty to protect the
environment.
高考题型突破
真题在线 阅读理解
(2023·浙江1月)Live with roommates Have friends and family around you
Chances are that if you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not
everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon .
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years
ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my
husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I've learned a few things
along the way though, which I hope you'll find encouraging if you're doing your
best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive
household.
Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember
showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would
be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came
back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how
silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging .
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was
within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I
didn't need. Since I had my own toiletries（洗漱用品）, I was able to start
personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so
often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries.
Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch, but you may have some
control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak
up for yourself if others comment on what you're doing, which can turn itself into
a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your
words probably won't do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中采取零浪费的生活方式。
24.What do the underlined words "jump on that bandwagon" mean in the first
paragraph ( )
B
A.Share an apartment with you. B.Join you in what you're doing.
C.Transform your way of living. D.Help you to make the decision.
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线部分前面的"Chances are that…not everyone around
you will be ready to"及第二段中的"I've learned a few things…doing your best to
figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household"可知，
如果你想过一种更可持续的生活，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入你。由此
推知，画线短语jump on that bandwagon与B项意思接近。
25.What was the attitude of the author's father toward buying groceries with
jars ( )
A
A.He disapproved of it. B.He was sympathetic to it.
C.He was tolerant of it. D.He didn't care about it.
【解析】观点态度题。根据第三段中的"A few days later…my dad commented on
how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit
discouraging"可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。
26.What can we infer about the author ( )
D
A.She is quite good at cooking. B.She respects others' privacy.
C.She enjoys being a housewife. D.She is a determined person.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Yet as the months…I did what I could that
was within my own reach"及"Perhaps your household won't entirely make the
switch, but…make the changes you desire"可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。
27.What is the text mainly about ( )
C
A.How to get on well with other family members.
B.How to have one's own personal space at home.
C.How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D.How to control the budget when buying groceries.
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的"Chances are that…be ready to jump on that
bandwagon"及第二段中的"I've learned a few things…how you can make the change
in a not-always-supportive household"可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中采取
零浪费的生活方式。
词语摘抄
①chances are （that）…可能……
②sustainable/s ste n bl/ adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的
sustainable energy resources 可持续开发的能源
③jump/climb on the bandwagon 跟风；追随潮流，赶时髦
④supportive/s p :t v/ adj.支持的，鼓励的，给予帮助的
⑤radical/ r d kl/ adj.全新的，不同凡响的；根本的，彻底的
⑥comment on…对……发表评论/意见
⑦come off as 似乎具备（某种品质或特点）
⑧discouraging adj.使人泄气的
discouraged adj.灰心的，丧气的
⑨personalise / p :s n la z/ vt.为个人特制（或专设）；针对个人
⑩portion out分配
1.
［译文］不过，一路走来，我学到了一些东西，如果你正在尽最大努力弄明白如何
在一个并不总是支持你的家庭中做出改变，我希望这些东西会让你受到鼓舞。
2.
［译文］当你改变你的生活方式时，你可能会发现如果别人评论你正在做的事情，
你会想为自己说话，这可能会变成一场全家辩论。
通方法 解题指导
如何做观点态度题
观点态度指作者对某一事件或问题的观点或态度，对所陈述的观点是赞同、反
对还是犹豫不定，对所记叙或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、支持还是厌恶、
反对。文章一般不会直接表明作者的态度，需要考生根据文章措辞的褒贬来揣摩作
者的态度。作者的思想倾向和感彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰
的词语之中，因此在推断过程中，考生应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感
彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子。此类题目除了考查作者在整篇文章中
所表现的态度和写作意图外，还会考查作者对具体的人或事物的态度或评价。此类
题属于得分率较低的高难度题。
观点态度主要分为三大类：
1.支持、赞同、乐观等: supportive、 approving（赞同的）、 positive、 optimistic、
etc.
2.反对、批评、怀疑等: negative、 disapproving、 critical（批评的）、 doubtful、
disappointed、 etc.
3.中立、客观、公正等：neutral（中立的）、 objective（客观的）、 fair、 etc.
做观点态度题时要注意:
1.切忌将自己的观点强加于作者,不要用带有主观倾向的视角评判作者的态度。
2.作者引用别人的观点时，务必要分辨清楚作者引用的观点是作为支持还是反对的
例证，要注意区分作者本人和其他人物的观点和态度。
3.观点态度题也可能是文章中提到的某个人物或机构等的态度，其分析方法同上文。
如上面试题中的第25题，从文中的silly、discouraging等词可以看出，作者父亲的态
度是消极的、不赞成的。
常见的设题方式：
1.What is the author's attitude towards...
2.What is the author's opinion on...
3.How does the writer feel about...？
4.What does the author think about...
新课标 核心素养链接
观点态度题要求考生具有较高层次的阅读技能，即在复杂的语境中把握作者思
路、在较长的措辞中揣摩作者真正意图的能力。观点态度题考查了考生的思考辨析
能力，包括分析、推理、判断等多元思维活动；从语言中提取信息的能力，涉及语
言知识、语言技能、交际策略。这体现了思维品质和语言能力两个核心素养。
提能力 迁移训练
阅读理解
(2024·湖南省部分学校期末联考)Susan Ringwood greets all guests with a
simple invitation: to join her in swimming in cold water. Her offer isn't limited to
the summer months, either. Ringwood and her husband Gary swim in cold water in
the swimming pool all year round."To me, it's not just about swimming. It's a
unique experience," she says.
Ringwood simply calls her hobby "swimming", but some people have begun to
promote cold-water swimming as a treatment for a variety of diseases.
While cold-water swimming is a newfound passion, scientists say that there's
not much evidence supporting the claims of these health benefits. Nor is the
activity without risk."Extreme temperature changes can possibly cause heart attacks,
even death," says Fran?ois Haman, a scientist at the University of Ottawa in
Canada.
When your body meets cold water, it can be shocking. Scientists call this the
"cold shock" response （反应）.When your skin senses the cold water, it causes
you to take a quick deep breath for air and your heart rate to rise quickly to a
very high level, which leads to an increase in blood pressure.
Experts say that being in cold water is more dangerous than in cold air. Water
conducts heat much more effectively than air, meaning that it can draw the heat
from your body more quickly and efficiently. For those new to the sport, Haman
suggests starting slowly, getting used to colder water during the fall, especially
paying attention to safety.
According to supporters, cold-water swimming can improve health and
immunity （免疫力）, and help relieve pain. Denis Blondin, a professor at the
University of Sherbrooke in Quebec, says that while there is some previous
scientific research to back up these claims, many of these studies included only a
small number of participants（参与者） who were mainly young men from
European countries, which limits what scientists can say more broadly and in other
populations.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冷水游泳及其可能存在的风险。
1.Why does the author tell Ringwood's story ( )
D
A.To attract visitors to swimming.
B.To call on guests to join Ringwood.
C.To stress the benefits of swimming.
D.To introduce the topic of cold-water swimming.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的"Susan Ringwood greets all guests with a
simple invitation: to join her in swimming in cold water"以及第三段中的"While
cold-water swimming is a newfound passion, scientists say that there's not much
evidence supporting the claims of these health benefits"可知，作者讲述Ringwood的
故事，是为了引出文章的主题——冷水游泳。故选D。
2.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about ( )
B
A.The "cold shock" response is common.
B.The reason why swimming in cold water can be a danger.
C.People's heart rate and blood pressure tend to increase in winter.
D.Some preparations can be made before a cold-water swim.
【解析】段落大意题。根据第四段的内容及关键信息"‘cold shock' response （反应）
""your heart rate to rise quickly to a very high level, which leads to an increase in
heart rate and blood pressure"可知，本段主要介绍了在冷水中游泳可能会导致冷休
克，使心率和血压升高，从而出现危险，即在冷水中游泳可能会有危险的原因。故
选B。
3.What might Haman agree with according to the text ( )
B
A.The health benefits of cold-water swimming should be showed.
B.Extreme temperature changes are dangerous and deadly.
C.Staying in cold air is more dangerous than in cold water.
D.Cold-water swimming isn't suitable for those who don't have strong immunity.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中Haman说的话可知，他认为极端的温度变化非
常危险，甚至会导致死亡。故选B。
4.What is Blondin's attitude to previous research ( )
A
A.Doubtful. B.Uncaring. C.Supportive. D.Uncertain.
【解析】观点态度题。根据最后一段"Denis Blondin…included only a small number
of participants（参与者）…which limits what scientists can say more broadly and
in other populations"中的"only a small number"和"limits"表现的感彩及相关表
述可知，Denis Blondin认为之前研究的研究对象有一定局限性，因此对其研究结果
持怀疑的态度。故选A。
微专题 新题型专练
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的
短文。
(2024· 湖南师大附中期中)Growing up, I wanted to be just like my mom. She
was kind and caring, and always made people comfortable in her presence. For
years she was a volunteer in our community. I loved going to the local nursing
home to help with her when I was a child. However, once I became a teenager, I
was too caught up in my adolescent world to worry about helping others.
One particular summer day when I was 12, Mom came into my room and told
me to get up and meet her at the car. But I had planned to spend the day at the
lake with my friends. Why did she have to ruin everything At last, I made my
way outside with my mother. Angry and annoyed, I climbed into the car and shut
the door loudly. I sat in silence, too upset to talk. "Tasha, do you know where we
are going " Mom asked calmly. I remained silent. "Sweetheart, we're going to the
children's shelter. I have been there before and I think it would benefit you," she
explained.
I felt a confusion slowly formed in my heart. How was I supposed to help
there
When we reached the shelter, I was rather surprised. As we approached the
front door, wind-bells played a calming tune while trees and flowers welcomed us.
Maybe this wasn't going to be so.
Mom rang the doorbell. We were led to the front room, where all of the
children were playing. Toys were spread out across the floor. I noticed a baby
whose body was seriously wounded. Most of the children had noticeable physical
scars. What a terrible life they must had had before they moved here! My heart
sank. As I was looking around, I felt a gentle pull on my shirt.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me.
I returned to the shelter with Mom several times.
故事 梗概 本文以时间为线索展开，以第一人称讲述了Tasha希望自己长大之后像妈妈
一样，性格温和、乐于助人。然而，她进入青春期后情况就有所不同了。在
她12岁时的夏天，妈妈叫她和自己一起去一个儿童收容所，因为之前和朋友
约好去湖边玩，Tasha开始时很不乐意，但最后还是很勉强地听从了妈妈的
安排。到了目的地之后，Tasha很惊讶，在那里她看到了许多曾经遭受苦难
的孩子,她的心情立刻沉了下来，这时她感到她的衬衫被人轻轻地拽了一
下……
情节线 情感线
结构 Para.1：The background of the story When I was a child, I loved going to the local nursing home to help with my mom. My mother was a
volunteer in our
community.（proud）
→Mom asked me to
meet her at the car.
（angry,
annoyed,upset）
→Mom would take
me to the children's
shelter. （unsatisfied,
confused）
Paras.2-3： Before we went to the shelter After I became a teenager, I was unwilling to help others with my mom, but still went to the shelter with her. Paras.4-5：When we reached the shelter I was shocked. As I was looking around, my heart sank. 续表
续写 方向 Para.1 I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me.（段首句） →Most of the children had noticeable scars.
（sympathetic,
surprised）
A little girl with
brown eyes looked up at me.
（surprised moved or…）
I returned to the
shelter with my mum several times.
（happy grateful or…）
→预测情节，问题引领： ①Who was the girl？ ②What would the girl say？ ③What would I respond to her？ Para.2 I returned to the shelter with Mom several times. （段首句） →预测情节，问题引领： ①Did I meet the girl again？ ②What would I do in the shelter？ ③How did I feel during these experiences？ ④What did I learn from the experience 续表
【佳作展示】
I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me. Her
little face was bright. "Hi, I'm Ashley. Do you want to play dolls with me "
she asked. I looked over and saw Mom nodding to me with a smile. I bent
toward Ashley and whispered, "Sure. I'd love to." Her tiny hand reached up
and took mine, and we walked toward the doll house. Our time together
brought her great joy and fun and she also made my day.
I returned to the shelter with Mom several times. During those visits, some
of the children including Ashley shared their troubled pasts with me in great
detail. I felt sorry for what had happened to them and treasured the
friendship between us. I would like to do everything within my power to help
the children there. At the same time, I learned to be grateful for all that I
had. It was a meaningful time in my young life that I would never forget. It
was Mom who taught me the valuable lesson that summer.
谢谢
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UNIT 3 Family matters
单元专项提升
高中英语必修第一册外研版
单元语法归纳
巧梳理·知识框图
挖教材·语法示例
用括号内单词的适当形式补全下列教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征
1.I _____________（decide） not to go to university. I want to focus on my band
and have a career in music when I ______（leave） school.
2.The music industry _____________（develop） fast now. Making music is a job.
have decided
leave
is developing
3.I remember when you______（be） his age,you_____
（say） that you________（want） to be a professional football player.
were
said
wanted
4.If you ____（go） to university and play music at the same time, you
__________（have） two options for your future.
go
will have
细归纳 语法精讲
五种主要时态
初中阶段，同学们主要学习了以下五种时态：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在
完成时、一般过去时和一般将来时。本单元复习这五种时态。
知识点1 一般现在时
1.形式：主语+do/does;主语+am/is/are
2.用法：
（1）表示现在经常发生的或习惯性动作，也可表示现在存在的特征或状态等，常与
always、every time、now and then、often、seldom、sometimes、usually等连用。
He always goes to work by bus,and he takes a walk with his wife after dinner
every day.他总是乘公共汽车上班，而且每天晚饭后和妻子一起散步。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
1.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）The tour ________（depart） from Dam Square every hour
on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.
departs
【解析】根据时间状语every day可知，空处应用一般现在时，主语为The tour,是第
三人称单数形式，故填departs。
2.(新高考Ⅰ卷)Often， only a small part of a museum's collection ___ （be） on
display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
is
【解析】根据时间状语Often可知,该句应用一般现在时，设空处为谓语动词，主语为
a small part of a museum's collection，是第三人称单数形式，故此处用is。
3.(全国Ⅰ卷)From then on, I started to play football with classmates after school. I
____（be） a good player now.
am
【解析】根据空处所在句的时间状语now以及语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，又
因主语为I，故填am。
（2）表示普遍真理、客观事实等，也可用在格言警句中。
Light travels faster than sound.光比声音传播得快。
As we all know,the earth travels around the sun.众所周知，地球绕着太阳转。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
1.(2024·浙江1月)The most obvious advantage of online learning ___（be） that you
can study anywhere and anytime.
is
【解析】本句讲到了在线学习的优势，是对客观情况的描述，时态宜用一般现在时，
故填is。
2.(2022·北京)Gas naturally _____（have） no recognisable smell.
has
【解析】此处表示天然气本来没有易于识别的气味，叙述的是客观事实，空处应用
一般现在时;又因主语为Gas,是第三人称单数形式，故填has。
3.特殊用法：表示将来
（1）在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来。
I will tell her the good news when she comes tomorrow.她明天来的时候我将会把
这个好消息告诉她。
If it snows tomorrow,we shall have a snowball fight.如果明天下雪，我们将会打雪
仗。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
(全国Ⅱ卷)They often get up early and water the vegetables together…When
summer_______（come）, they will invite their students to pick the fresh
vegetables!
comes
【解析】主句用了一般将来时，时间状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来。
（2）表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的动作。有此用法的词语有go、come、
leave、start、begin、arrive、take off等。
The meeting begins at 2:00 in the afternoon and ends at 5:00. 会议下午两点开始，
五点结束。
The plane takes off at eight and arrives in Beijing at eleven.飞机八点起飞，十一
点到北京。
链高考 真题精练
(重庆高考)A Midsummer Night's Dream___at the Theatre Royal on 19th June,and
then tours throughout Scotland.
A
A.opens B.is opened C.will open D.will be opened
【解析】此处用一般现在时来表达按计划或时间表将要发生的动作。
知识点2 现在进行时
1.形式：主语+am/is/are+doing
2.用法：
（1）表示此时此刻正在进行的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作。
Our friends are waiting for us outside now.我们的朋友们现在正在外面等着我们。
She is learning English in a university now.她现在正在一所大学里学英语。
链高考 真题精练
1.(天津3月高考)Currently, about 35,000 works ___ in over 300 rooms in the
Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
D
A.were displaying B.are displaying
C.were being displayed D.are being displayed
【解析】根据Currently和语境可知，此处表示目前正在发生的事，应用现在进行时；
作品被陈列，应用被动语态。故D项正确。
2.语法填空
(北京高考)—Hi,let's go skating.
—Sorry,I'm busy right now. I __________（fill） in an application form（申请表）
for a new job.
am filling
【解析】根据语境可知，答话人"正忙着"，所以此处表示"正在填申请表"，故用现在
进行时。
（2）与always、constantly（一直）、continually（不断地）、forever等副词连用，
表示重复的动作，带有某种强烈的感彩（如赞赏、不满、埋怨等），并不强调
动作正在进行。
He is always thinking more of others than of himself.他总是为别人考虑得多，为
自己考虑得少。（表示赞扬）
He is constantly making trouble for his friends.他一直给朋友们制造麻烦。
（表示不满）
3.特殊用法：表示将要发生的动作
go、come、leave、start、take等趋向性动词的现在进行时可以表示按最近的计划或安
排将要发生的动作，或即将开始/结束的动作。
They are taking the eight o'clock train.他们将乘坐8点的火车。
敲黑板 特别提醒
并非所有的动词都可用于进行时态，下列动词不能用于进行时态：
①表示感觉、感知的动词：see（看见）、seem、appear、smell、taste、sound等。
②表示感情的动词：like、love、hate、dislike、hope、prefer（更喜欢）、refuse、
want、wish等。
③表示存在状态的动词：exist、remain（仍然是）、stay等。
④表示占有和从属关系的动词：belong（拥有）、contain（包含）、own等。
⑤表示思考、理解等心理活动的动词：believe、doubt、forget、know、remember、
understand等。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
(全国Ⅱ卷)The summer holiday __________（come）. My classmates and I are
talking about what to do during the holiday.
is coming
【解析】come为趋向性动词，其现在进行时可以表示按最近的计划或安排将要发生
的动作，故填is coming。
知识点3 现在完成时
1.形式：主语+have/has+done
2.用法：
（1）表示动作发生在过去，现在已完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，常与yet、
already、just、before、lately等词连用。
—Have you finished your homework yet 你已经做完家庭作业了吗？
—Yes,I have already finished it.是的，我已经做完了。
敲黑板 特别提醒
have/has gone to与have/has been to的区别：
have/has gone to强调"去而未归"；have/has been to强调"去而归来"。
（2）表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，现在未完成，还有可能继续持续下
去，常同recently、so far、in the last/past…、up to now、 "for+时间段"和"since+时
间点"等连用。
He has worked here for over twenty years.他在这里工作已有20多年了。
敲黑板 特别提醒
某些非延续性动词，如leave、arrive、come、go、return、join、die、buy、
borrow等的完成式，不能与"for+时间段"或"since+时间点"等连用，要先将这些动词
转化为相应的延续性动词才能与一段时间连用。试比较：
我买这台电脑有一年了。
【误】I have bought the computer for a year.
【正】I have kept the computer for a year.
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
1.(2024·浙江1月)In the past few years, online learning ____________（become）a
significant part of the university and college experience.
has become
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。结合时间状语In the past few
years可知，应用现在完成时，故填has become。
2.(2023·北京)Up to now, China _______________（establish） a number of
protected areas with mangroves.
has established
【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。结合时间状语Up to now可知，
时态应用现在完成时；主语China与establish为主谓关系，且主语是第三人称单数，
故填has established。
（3）现在完成时的常用固定句型:
①在"That/This/It is the first/second/third/… time+（that）…"句型中，从句要用现在
完成时。
This is the first time that I have watched a play.这是我第一次看戏剧。
②在"That/This/It is the+形容词的最高级+名词+（that）…"句型中，从句用现在完成
时。
This is the best film that I've ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。
知识点4 一般过去时
1.形式:主语+did;主语+was/were
2.用法：
（1）表示过去某个时间发生的动作或产生的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，
如yesterday、 last week、 in 2000、 two years ago、 a moment ago等。
The boy fell off his bike yesterday.这个男孩昨天从自行车上摔了下来。
（2）表示过去一段时间内经常发生的或习惯性的动作。常与often、 usually、
sometimes等表示频度的词连用。
I often went to school on foot last term.上学期我经常步行去上学。
一般过去时/现在完成时
一般过去时 现在完成时
只表示动作发生在过去，与现在无关，不 强调对现在产生的影响 强调的是过去发生的动作对现在造成
的影响或产生的结果
属于过去时态的范畴 属于现在时态的范畴
常与确定的表示过去的时间状语连用 不与表示过去的时间状语连用
We got news from her last night.我们昨天夜里得到了她的消息。
We've got no news from her, and we're worried about her.我们还没有得到她的消
息，很担心她。
链高考 真题精练
1.(北京高考)—Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here I haven't seen you around.
—Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just ___ on Monday.
C
A.start B.have started C.started D.had started
【解析】根据语境及时间状语on Monday可知，此处应用一般过去时，表示过去发
生的事。
2.语法填空
①(2023·浙江1月)I ____________（experience） this when I started switching to a
zero waste lifestyle five years ago.
experienced
【解析】根据时间状语"five years ago"可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，故应
用一般过去时。
②(全国Ⅲ卷)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could
find the legendary（传奇的） artist, they smiled and ________（point） down the
river.
pointed
【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处and连接两个并列的谓语动词，and前后的时态应
保持一致，所以此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
知识点5 一般将来时
1.（1）形式：主语+will/shall+do
（2）用法：表示将来要发生的动作或产生的状态，常和tomorrow、next year、next
month、this evening、 in a few days等表示将来的时间状语连用。will可用于各种
人称，而shall多用于第一人称。
They will fly to Beijing in three days.三天后他们将乘飞机去北京。
链高考 真题精练
语法填空
1.(天津高考)—Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now
—Don't worry. She ________（be） here in about twenty minutes.
will be
【解析】根据句中的in about twenty minutes可知，应填will be。
2.(北京高考)—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
—All right. I _____________（call） him later.
will/shall call
【解析】根据时间状语later可知,空处应用一般将来时，主语为第一人称，情态动词
可用will/shall。
2.（1）形式：主语+am/is/are+going to do
（2）用法：①表示现在打算或计划将来要做的事情。
—What are you going to do tonight？你今晚打算做什么？
—I'm going to watch the football game on TV.我打算在电视上看足球赛。
The train is going to leave very soon.火车很快就要开了。
②表示现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。
Look at the dark clouds! It's going to rain.看那些乌云！天要下雨了。
3.（1）形式：主语+am/is/are+to do
（2）用法：①表示按计划、约定等将要发生的动作或用于报纸、广播等宣布官方的
计划或决定。
They are to meet at the gate of the school.他们将在学校门口见面。
The line is to be open to traffic next week.该线路计划下周通车。
②表示义务、命令、禁止或可能性。
You are to return the book before Friday. 你要在星期五之前归还这本书。
No one is to leave the room without permission.未经允许，任何人不得离开这个
房间。
4.（1）形式：主语+am/is/are+about to do
（2）用法：表示最近的将来，正要或即将发生的动作，常译作"即将……之时，马
上就……"。
Please be seated. The lecture is about to begin.请坐好。演讲就要开始了。
语法练 专项提升
Ⅰ 用括号内词的适当形式填空
1.(2024·广东深圳期末)Look! The bright green tea leaves ___________（fall） in
the water inside the glass. It's beautiful.
2.In the past few years, great changes ____________（take） place in my
hometown.
3.The Spring Festival always _________（remind） people of hope. During such a
festival, we visit our relatives and friends to bring our best wishes to everyone.
4.It's the third time that you _____________ （arrive）late this month.
are falling
have taken
reminds
have arrived
5.—What time is it now
—I didn't notice it. Just a minute. I___________（check） it for you.
will check
6.I want to know whether Nina __________ us tomorrow, but I think if she
______ us, we will be able to complete the task ahead of time.（help）
7.(2024·广东广州期末)If you rely on yourself and trust your own talents, your
efforts _________（pay） off in the end.
8.(2024·广东广雅中学检测)From 2015 to 2019, it ______ （take） only four years
for this great project to be completed, which shows the amazing "Chinese speed".
will help
helps
will pay
took
Ⅱ 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiao Ming is very excited today because his parents 1. .（be） back
from America. They 2. .（stay） there for about two months. They
3. .（phone）him yesterday afternoon and said,"We 4. .（leave）
for the airport at four o'clock because the plane 5. .（take） off at six. We
6. .（buy） some gifts for you and your grandpa yesterday. Are you
7. .（come） to the airport to meet us ""Of course!" he said. Just now he
and his grandpa were about to leave home when the phone rang. It was Xiao
Ming's parents."We 8. .（arrive） home in half an hour." What a great
surprise!
will be
have stayed
phoned
are leaving
takes
bought
coming
will arrive
写作方法指导
如何写叙事类记叙文
叙事类记叙文主要对某一事件的发生、发展和结果进行叙述，重在叙述事情发
生、发展的过程。英语写作中的叙事类记叙文写作重点考查语言运用的正确性、句
子的连贯性、信息表述的完整性等。
叙事类记叙文写作时应注意的问题：
常用表达
1.交代时间的常用表达：
one day; the other day； when I was…years old; by the end of last term; during
the summer holidays; on Sunday morning…
2.交代地点的常用表达：
on the way to school; on the way home; at the crossing; at the end of the street;
at the foot of the mountain
3.交代时间、地点和相关人物的典型句型：
Sb.was doing…in someplace when…某人正在某地做……这时……
Sb.was about to do…when…=Sb.was on the point of doing…when… 某人正要
做……这时……
Sb.had just done…when…某人刚刚做了……这时……
4.介绍故事的结局或谈自己的收获、感想时的常用表达：
①常用词汇:
luckily/fortunately; to one's surprise; feel tired/delighted
②常用句型:
Personally，I think that…
What surprised/attracted/delighted us most was that…
Although I was tired, I learned what I couldn't learn in/at school.
Through this meaningful activity, we learned something that can't be learned in
class.
I was deeply impressed/moved/touched by…
巧运用 典例详析
书面表达
（2023·浙江1月）上周末你参加了校学生会组织的"认识我们身边的植物"活动。
请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动的过程；
2.收获与感想。
注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
A 教你审题
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
B 教你选词
1.以……为目的__________________
2.教育某人某事__________________________
3.以……开始_________________________
4.更深入地了解……_______________________________
5.在……方面发挥作用________________
6.维持自然界的平衡__________________________
with the aim of…
educate sb.on/in/about sth.
start with…/begin with…
get a deeper understanding of…
play a role in…
keep the balance of nature
C 教你造句
1.上周末，为了教育学生植物的重要性，学生会组织了名为"认识我们身边的植物"的
活动。
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2.这次活动以一位植物学家（botanist）的演讲开始。
______________________________________________
3.这位植物学家教我们各种植物的不同特征和用途。
_________________________________________________________________________
__________
The activity began with a lecture by a botanist.
The botanist taught us about the different features and uses of a wide range of plants.
Last weekend, with the aim of educating the students on the importance
of plants, the Students' Union organised an activity called "Getting to Know
the Plants Around Us".
4.我也更深入地了解了植物的重要作用。
_______________________________________________________________
5.植物在维持自然界的平衡方面发挥着重要作用。
____________________________________________________________
I also got a deeper understanding of the important role of plants.
Plants play an important role in keeping the balance of nature.
D 教你升级
1.用who引导的非限制性定语从句合并句2和句3。
_________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
2.用定语从句合并句4和句5。
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________
The activity began with a lecture by a botanist, who taught us about the different features and uses of a wide range of plants.
I also got a deeper understanding of the important role that plants play in keeping the balance of nature.
E 教你成篇
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
Last weekend, with the aim of educating the students on the importance of
plants, the Students' Union organised an activity called "Getting to Know the Plants
Around Us".
The activity began with a lecture by a botanist, who taught us about the
different features and uses of a wide range of plants. We then went on a walk to
observe different plants close up.
Taking advantage of the event, I learned a lot about plants. I also got a
deeper understanding of the important role that plants play in keeping the
balance of nature. Overall, it was a valuable and individual experience.
［名师点评］本篇写作要点齐全，结构清晰，逻辑顺畅、有条理，并使用了一些高
级词汇和丰富的表达，展示了作者扎实的语言功力和良好的写作技能。
［总结］范文中使用的本单元新学表达：
词汇 ______________________________________________________________
with the aim of、 feature、 range、 observe、 event、 individual
提能力 迁移训练
书面表达
假定你是李华，你们班昨天开展了一次植树活动，请你根据以下要点，用英语
记述这次植树活动，并在英语课上向同学们做展示。
1.活动目的；
2.具体活动过程；
3.收获或感受。
注意： 1.词数80 左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________
【参考答案】
Yesterday our class held a tree-planting activity which aims at making us
get close to nature and beautifying the environment.
In the morning, we took a bus to a hill which is 5 kilometers away from
our school. On arrival, we began to work immediately. Some were digging
holes. Some were carrying and planting young trees. Others were watering
them. After getting the work done, we put up a board reminding people to
protect the trees. Seeing the lines of trees, we all had a sense of achievement.
Before leaving we took some photos to record our action.
Through this activity, we learned that it's our duty to protect the
environment.
高考题型突破
真题在线 阅读理解
(2023·浙江1月)Live with roommates Have friends and family around you
Chances are that if you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not
everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon .
I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years
ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my
husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I've learned a few things
along the way though, which I hope you'll find encouraging if you're doing your
best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive
household.
Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember
showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would
be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came
back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how
silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging .
Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was
within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I
didn't need. Since I had my own toiletries（洗漱用品）, I was able to start
personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so
often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries.
Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch, but you may have some
control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak
up for yourself if others comment on what you're doing, which can turn itself into
a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your
words probably won't do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.
So here is my advice: Lead by action.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中采取零浪费的生活方式。
24.What do the underlined words "jump on that bandwagon" mean in the first
paragraph ( )
B
A.Share an apartment with you. B.Join you in what you're doing.
C.Transform your way of living. D.Help you to make the decision.
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线部分前面的"Chances are that…not everyone around
you will be ready to"及第二段中的"I've learned a few things…doing your best to
figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household"可知，
如果你想过一种更可持续的生活，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入你。由此
推知，画线短语jump on that bandwagon与B项意思接近。
25.What was the attitude of the author's father toward buying groceries with
jars ( )
A
A.He disapproved of it. B.He was sympathetic to it.
C.He was tolerant of it. D.He didn't care about it.
【解析】观点态度题。根据第三段中的"A few days later…my dad commented on
how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit
discouraging"可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。
26.What can we infer about the author ( )
D
A.She is quite good at cooking. B.She respects others' privacy.
C.She enjoys being a housewife. D.She is a determined person.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Yet as the months…I did what I could that
was within my own reach"及"Perhaps your household won't entirely make the
switch, but…make the changes you desire"可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。
27.What is the text mainly about ( )
C
A.How to get on well with other family members.
B.How to have one's own personal space at home.
C.How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.
D.How to control the budget when buying groceries.
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的"Chances are that…be ready to jump on that
bandwagon"及第二段中的"I've learned a few things…how you can make the change
in a not-always-supportive household"可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中采取
零浪费的生活方式。
词语摘抄
①chances are （that）…可能……
②sustainable/s ste n bl/ adj.可持续的，不破坏环境的
sustainable energy resources 可持续开发的能源
③jump/climb on the bandwagon 跟风；追随潮流，赶时髦
④supportive/s p :t v/ adj.支持的，鼓励的，给予帮助的
⑤radical/ r d kl/ adj.全新的，不同凡响的；根本的，彻底的
⑥comment on…对……发表评论/意见
⑦come off as 似乎具备（某种品质或特点）
⑧discouraging adj.使人泄气的
discouraged adj.灰心的，丧气的
⑨personalise / p :s n la z/ vt.为个人特制（或专设）；针对个人
⑩portion out分配
1.
［译文］不过，一路走来，我学到了一些东西，如果你正在尽最大努力弄明白如何
在一个并不总是支持你的家庭中做出改变，我希望这些东西会让你受到鼓舞。
2.
［译文］当你改变你的生活方式时，你可能会发现如果别人评论你正在做的事情，
你会想为自己说话，这可能会变成一场全家辩论。
通方法 解题指导
如何做观点态度题
观点态度指作者对某一事件或问题的观点或态度，对所陈述的观点是赞同、反
对还是犹豫不定，对所记叙或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、支持还是厌恶、
反对。文章一般不会直接表明作者的态度，需要考生根据文章措辞的褒贬来揣摩作
者的态度。作者的思想倾向和感彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰
的词语之中，因此在推断过程中，考生应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感
彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子。此类题目除了考查作者在整篇文章中
所表现的态度和写作意图外，还会考查作者对具体的人或事物的态度或评价。此类
题属于得分率较低的高难度题。
观点态度主要分为三大类：
1.支持、赞同、乐观等: supportive、 approving（赞同的）、 positive、 optimistic、
etc.
2.反对、批评、怀疑等: negative、 disapproving、 critical（批评的）、 doubtful、
disappointed、 etc.
3.中立、客观、公正等：neutral（中立的）、 objective（客观的）、 fair、 etc.
做观点态度题时要注意:
1.切忌将自己的观点强加于作者,不要用带有主观倾向的视角评判作者的态度。
2.作者引用别人的观点时，务必要分辨清楚作者引用的观点是作为支持还是反对的
例证，要注意区分作者本人和其他人物的观点和态度。
3.观点态度题也可能是文章中提到的某个人物或机构等的态度，其分析方法同上文。
如上面试题中的第25题，从文中的silly、discouraging等词可以看出，作者父亲的态
度是消极的、不赞成的。
常见的设题方式：
1.What is the author's attitude towards...
2.What is the author's opinion on...
3.How does the writer feel about...？
4.What does the author think about...
新课标 核心素养链接
观点态度题要求考生具有较高层次的阅读技能，即在复杂的语境中把握作者思
路、在较长的措辞中揣摩作者真正意图的能力。观点态度题考查了考生的思考辨析
能力，包括分析、推理、判断等多元思维活动；从语言中提取信息的能力，涉及语
言知识、语言技能、交际策略。这体现了思维品质和语言能力两个核心素养。
提能力 迁移训练
阅读理解
(2024·湖南省部分学校期末联考)Susan Ringwood greets all guests with a
simple invitation: to join her in swimming in cold water. Her offer isn't limited to
the summer months, either. Ringwood and her husband Gary swim in cold water in
the swimming pool all year round."To me, it's not just about swimming. It's a
unique experience," she says.
Ringwood simply calls her hobby "swimming", but some people have begun to
promote cold-water swimming as a treatment for a variety of diseases.
While cold-water swimming is a newfound passion, scientists say that there's
not much evidence supporting the claims of these health benefits. Nor is the
activity without risk."Extreme temperature changes can possibly cause heart attacks,
even death," says Fran?ois Haman, a scientist at the University of Ottawa in
Canada.
When your body meets cold water, it can be shocking. Scientists call this the
"cold shock" response （反应）.When your skin senses the cold water, it causes
you to take a quick deep breath for air and your heart rate to rise quickly to a
very high level, which leads to an increase in blood pressure.
Experts say that being in cold water is more dangerous than in cold air. Water
conducts heat much more effectively than air, meaning that it can draw the heat
from your body more quickly and efficiently. For those new to the sport, Haman
suggests starting slowly, getting used to colder water during the fall, especially
paying attention to safety.
According to supporters, cold-water swimming can improve health and
immunity （免疫力）, and help relieve pain. Denis Blondin, a professor at the
University of Sherbrooke in Quebec, says that while there is some previous
scientific research to back up these claims, many of these studies included only a
small number of participants（参与者） who were mainly young men from
European countries, which limits what scientists can say more broadly and in other
populations.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冷水游泳及其可能存在的风险。
1.Why does the author tell Ringwood's story ( )
D
A.To attract visitors to swimming.
B.To call on guests to join Ringwood.
C.To stress the benefits of swimming.
D.To introduce the topic of cold-water swimming.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的"Susan Ringwood greets all guests with a
simple invitation: to join her in swimming in cold water"以及第三段中的"While
cold-water swimming is a newfound passion, scientists say that there's not much
evidence supporting the claims of these health benefits"可知，作者讲述Ringwood的
故事，是为了引出文章的主题——冷水游泳。故选D。
2.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about ( )
B
A.The "cold shock" response is common.
B.The reason why swimming in cold water can be a danger.
C.People's heart rate and blood pressure tend to increase in winter.
D.Some preparations can be made before a cold-water swim.
【解析】段落大意题。根据第四段的内容及关键信息"‘cold shock' response （反应）
""your heart rate to rise quickly to a very high level, which leads to an increase in
heart rate and blood pressure"可知，本段主要介绍了在冷水中游泳可能会导致冷休
克，使心率和血压升高，从而出现危险，即在冷水中游泳可能会有危险的原因。故
选B。
3.What might Haman agree with according to the text ( )
B
A.The health benefits of cold-water swimming should be showed.
B.Extreme temperature changes are dangerous and deadly.
C.Staying in cold air is more dangerous than in cold water.
D.Cold-water swimming isn't suitable for those who don't have strong immunity.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中Haman说的话可知，他认为极端的温度变化非
常危险，甚至会导致死亡。故选B。
4.What is Blondin's attitude to previous research ( )
A
A.Doubtful. B.Uncaring. C.Supportive. D.Uncertain.
【解析】观点态度题。根据最后一段"Denis Blondin…included only a small number
of participants（参与者）…which limits what scientists can say more broadly and
in other populations"中的"only a small number"和"limits"表现的感彩及相关表
述可知，Denis Blondin认为之前研究的研究对象有一定局限性，因此对其研究结果
持怀疑的态度。故选A。
微专题 新题型专练
读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的
短文。
(2024· 湖南师大附中期中)Growing up, I wanted to be just like my mom. She
was kind and caring, and always made people comfortable in her presence. For
years she was a volunteer in our community. I loved going to the local nursing
home to help with her when I was a child. However, once I became a teenager, I
was too caught up in my adolescent world to worry about helping others.
One particular summer day when I was 12, Mom came into my room and told
me to get up and meet her at the car. But I had planned to spend the day at the
lake with my friends. Why did she have to ruin everything At last, I made my
way outside with my mother. Angry and annoyed, I climbed into the car and shut
the door loudly. I sat in silence, too upset to talk. "Tasha, do you know where we
are going " Mom asked calmly. I remained silent. "Sweetheart, we're going to the
children's shelter. I have been there before and I think it would benefit you," she
explained.
I felt a confusion slowly formed in my heart. How was I supposed to help
there
When we reached the shelter, I was rather surprised. As we approached the
front door, wind-bells played a calming tune while trees and flowers welcomed us.
Maybe this wasn't going to be so.
Mom rang the doorbell. We were led to the front room, where all of the
children were playing. Toys were spread out across the floor. I noticed a baby
whose body was seriously wounded. Most of the children had noticeable physical
scars. What a terrible life they must had had before they moved here! My heart
sank. As I was looking around, I felt a gentle pull on my shirt.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me.
I returned to the shelter with Mom several times.
故事 梗概 本文以时间为线索展开，以第一人称讲述了Tasha希望自己长大之后像妈妈
一样，性格温和、乐于助人。然而，她进入青春期后情况就有所不同了。在
她12岁时的夏天，妈妈叫她和自己一起去一个儿童收容所，因为之前和朋友
约好去湖边玩，Tasha开始时很不乐意，但最后还是很勉强地听从了妈妈的
安排。到了目的地之后，Tasha很惊讶，在那里她看到了许多曾经遭受苦难
的孩子,她的心情立刻沉了下来，这时她感到她的衬衫被人轻轻地拽了一
下……
情节线 情感线
结构 Para.1：The background of the story When I was a child, I loved going to the local nursing home to help with my mom. My mother was a
volunteer in our
community.（proud）
→Mom asked me to
meet her at the car.
（angry,
annoyed,upset）
→Mom would take
me to the children's
shelter. （unsatisfied,
confused）
Paras.2-3： Before we went to the shelter After I became a teenager, I was unwilling to help others with my mom, but still went to the shelter with her. Paras.4-5：When we reached the shelter I was shocked. As I was looking around, my heart sank. 续表
续写 方向 Para.1 I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me.（段首句） →Most of the children had noticeable scars.
（sympathetic,
surprised）
A little girl with
brown eyes looked up at me.
（surprised moved or…）
I returned to the
shelter with my mum several times.
（happy grateful or…）
→预测情节，问题引领： ①Who was the girl？ ②What would the girl say？ ③What would I respond to her？ Para.2 I returned to the shelter with Mom several times. （段首句） →预测情节，问题引领： ①Did I meet the girl again？ ②What would I do in the shelter？ ③How did I feel during these experiences？ ④What did I learn from the experience 续表
【佳作展示】
I looked down to find a little girl with brown eyes looking up at me. Her
little face was bright. "Hi, I'm Ashley. Do you want to play dolls with me "
she asked. I looked over and saw Mom nodding to me with a smile. I bent
toward Ashley and whispered, "Sure. I'd love to." Her tiny hand reached up
and took mine, and we walked toward the doll house. Our time together
brought her great joy and fun and she also made my day.
I returned to the shelter with Mom several times. During those visits, some
of the children including Ashley shared their troubled pasts with me in great
detail. I felt sorry for what had happened to them and treasured the
friendship between us. I would like to do everything within my power to help
the children there. At the same time, I learned to be grateful for all that I
had. It was a meaningful time in my young life that I would never forget. It
was Mom who taught me the valuable lesson that summer.
谢谢
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