Unit 4 Friends forever Section Ⅲ Developing ideas 课件 高中英语必修第一册外研版

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UNIT 4 Friends forever
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
高中英语必修第一册外研版
课文对译解读
原文呈现
1 Read the short introduction to O.Henry and answer the questions.
William Sydney Porter（1862-1910）,whose pen name was O.Henry, （非限制性定
语从句，修饰先行词William Sydney Porter，whose在从句中作定语。）was a
world-famous American short story writer. In his stories, he often focused on the
everyday life of ordinary people in New York City at that time. His stories are
best known for their surprise （名词作定语，修饰endings。）endings.
威廉·悉尼·波特（1862-1910），笔名欧·亨利，是世界著名的美国短篇小说家。在他
的小说中，他常常关注当时纽约市普通人的日常生活。他的小说因出人意料的结局
最为出名。
1 Have you read any stories by O.Henry Share one with the class.
2 Do you like stories with surprise endings Why or why not
2 略，详见教材第58页。
O.Henry-style endings
O.Henry's stories are best known for their twists（意外转折） or surprise
endings. So much so that people now refer to such endings as "O.Henry-style
endings". In these endings, there will be a sudden twist that results in an
unexpected change of the characters' inner world, experience, destiny, etc, thus
creating an unexpected yet understandable result. Such endings will make the story
more appealing and dramatic, as well as more memorable for its readers.
AFTER TWENTY YEARS
BY O.HENRY
The short story "After Twenty Years" is set in New York on a cold, dark
night.Most people have left work to go home, and this part of the city is now quiet.
A policeman who is checking the area sees a man outside a shop. He goes up
to the man and finds he has a scar on his face. They have a chat and the
man starts to tell his story.
1 "Twenty years ago tonight,"said the man,"I dined here at ‘Big Joe' Brady's
with Jimmy Wells, my best chum, and the finest chap . .in the world.
（Jimmy Wells的同位语，起补充说明的作用。） He and I were raised here in
New York,just like two brothers,together. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty.
The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune .You
couldn't have dragged Jimmy out of . .New York（"couldn't have done..."结构，表
示对过去已经发生的事情的否定推测。［拓展］"could have done..."可以表示对过去
已经发生的事情的肯定推测，也可以表示过去有能力做某事，但没有做。）; he
thought it was the only place on earth. Well,we agreed that night that . .we would
meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time,no matter what our
conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.（that引导宾语
从句，该宾语从句中no matter what引导让步状语从句。）We figured that in twenty
years each of us ought to. .have our destiny . .worked out and our fortunes
made,whatever they were going to be."
本句中that引导宾语从句，作figured的宾语，该宾语从句中have our destiny worked
out及（have） our fortunes made为"have sth.done"结构，work out与destiny及make
与fortunes之间均为逻辑上的动宾关系。 详见P172
该宾语从句中whatever引导让步状语从句。 详见P172
2 "It sounds pretty interesting," said the policeman."Rather a long time between
meets, though,（副词，意为"可是，然而"，常用于句末，对前文进行补充，减弱语
气。） it seems to me. Haven't you heard from your friend since you left "
（since在此引导时间状语从句，从句用的是一般过去时，主句用的是现在完成时。）
3 "Well,yes,for a time we corresponded ,"said the other."But after a year or two
we lost track of each other. You see, the West is a pretty big proposition , and I
kept hustling around over it pretty lively.But I know Jimmy will meet me here
if he's alive, for he always was the truest,staunchest . .old chap in the world.
［图解秒懂］
He'll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it's
worth it if my old partner turns up ."
（Excerpts from "After Twenty Years" by O.Henry）
二十年后
欧·亨利
短篇小说《二十年后》以纽约一个寒冷漆黑的夜晚为背景。大多数人已经下班回家，城
市的这片区域现在很安静。一名正在该区域巡逻的警察看到商店外有一个人。他走到
那个人面前，发现他的脸上有一道疤。他们聊了会儿天，那个人开始讲述他的故事。
1 "二十年前的今晚，"那个人说，"我和吉米·韦尔斯一起在这儿的‘乔老大’布雷迪餐
馆吃饭。吉米是我最要好的朋友，也是这世上最棒的小伙子。我们俩在纽约一起长
大，就像亲兄弟一样。那时我十八岁，吉米二十岁。我第二天早上就要动身前往西
部赚大钱了。不可能有人能硬拉吉米离开纽约，他认为地球上只有（纽约）这么一
个地方。反正，那天夜里我们约好：不管我们的境况如何，不管我们要从多远的地
方赶来，二十年后的同一日期、同一时间，我们还来这里会面。我们当时认为二十
年后，我们俩应该有各自的命运，也应该各自都发了财，不管它们将会是什么。"
2 "这听起来相当有趣，"警察说。"不过，在我看来，（两次）会面相隔的时间太长
了。你离开以后，没有你朋友的消息吗？"
3 "嗯，不是的，我们联系过一段时间。"那个人说，"但是一两年后，我们彼此失去
了联系。你知道，西部蕴含着相当大的商机，我一直四处奔波、忙东忙西。不过我
知道吉米如果还活着，会来这里见我的，因为他一直是世界上最忠实、最可靠的老
朋友。他绝对不会忘记（我们的约定）。今晚我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只
要我的老搭档出现，那也就不虚此行了。"
（节选自欧·亨利的《二十年后》）
练一练 课文佳句临摹
1.教材原句：Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly
twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or
from what distance we might have to come.（no matter what引导让步状语从句）
仿写：火车将准时发车，不管天气如何。
The train will leave on time, ___________________________________.
no matter what the weather will be
2.教材原句：But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he's alive, for he always was
the truest, staunchest old chap in the world.（for连接并列分句）
仿写：我们急切地听着,因为他带来了我们家人的消息。
We listened eagerly,___________________________________.
for he brought news of our families
名师圈点
①world-famous adj.世界著名的
构词法 world-famous是由"名词+形容词"构成的复合形容词,类似的还有ice-cold
（冰冷的）、 top-heavy（头重脚轻的）等。
②ordinary people 普通人
ordinary / :d（ ）n ri/ adj. 普通的，平常的
③be known （其前可用well，best等进行修饰，表示程度）for…因……而出名
The doctor is best known for her work on the human brain.这位医生以她在对人
脑的研究方面最为知名。
④be set in… 以……为背景
⑤check vt.检查，审查（在此可引申为"巡逻"）
⑥go up to… 向……走去（up是副词，to是介词）
⑦scar/skɑ:/ n.［C］伤疤
⑧dine/da n/ vi.进餐
⑨chum/t m/ n.［C］好朋友
⑩chap/t p/ n.［C］小伙子，家伙
be to do… 即将做……
近义短语 be about to do sth./be going to do sth.
start熟词生义 vi.出发，动身（for引出地点）
make one's fortune 发财
fortune/ f :t （ ）n/ n.［C］大笔的钱，巨款;［U］机会，运气 详见P168
drag…out of… 将……从……处拉出来
drag /dr ?/ vt.拖，拉
agree that… 同意……
拓展 agree with sb./sth. 同意某人的看法/赞成某事
agree on/about sth. 在某事上意见一致
ought to 应该，应当（情态动词）
destiny/ dest ni/ n.［C］命运，天命
近义 fate n.［U］命运，定数
correspond
/ k r sp nd/vi.通信
搭配 correspond with sb.与某人通信
proposition/ pr p z （ ）n/n.［C］事业，生意;提议，建议
hustle/ h s（ ）l/vi.拼命干，努力干
staunch/st :nt /adj.坚定的，忠实可靠的
be worth it 值得
worth/w :θ /adj.值得，有价值 详见P169
partner / pɑ tn /n.［C］伙伴，搭档
turn up （意外地或终于）出现 详见P169
excerpt from/of… ……的节选
excerpt / eks :pt/ n.［C］ 摘录，节录
原文呈现
3 Work in groups. Think of a possible ending to "After Twenty Years"
and find evidence to support your ideas. Use the following questions to
help you.
1 Did Jimmy come to meet his friend
2 What has Jimmy experienced over the past twenty years（常与现在完成时连用，
此处over可换为in/during。）
3 What might happen between the policeman and the man
Now read the note from the original② ending and find out what actually happened.
Bob, I was at the appointed place on time.When you struck the match . .to
light your cigar （When引导的时间状语从句）I saw it was the face of the man
wanted in Chicago. （动词-ed短语作后置定语，修饰the man, the man与want
（vt.通缉）之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。）Somehow I couldn't do it myself,so I
went around and got a plain clothes man to do the job.
JIMMY
Think_______ Share
1 What does the note tell you about the ending of the story
2 How do you think Bob would react when he read the note
3 Do you think that Jimmy did the right thing Why or why not
4 Do you like this ending Give your reasons.
4 Work in groups. Act out the whole story.1 Think about what
happened in each of the three scenes ，using the information you have
already read in the story.（动词-ing短语作方式状语）Retell the whole
story.
Scene 1:
Bob dining with Jimmy at "Big Joe" Brady's twenty yearsago
Scene 2:
Bob making his fortunein the West
Scene 3:
Bob and Jimmy meeting again after twentyyears
The story is about two friends named Bob and Jimmy.Twenty years ago,…2 Choose
a character to play and decide what you will say and do.3 Act out the whole story.
Writing an ending to a story
5 Read Bob's story after he was released from jail and answer the
questions.
Stepping out of jail into the cold wind,Bob,now 58,felt lost and helpless.
"Twenty years （此处主语表示时间概念，被看作了一个整体，故谓语动词用单数。）
is a long time,"he smiled bitterly , not knowing where to go. （动词-ing短语作伴
随状语，其中"where to go"为"疑问词+动词不定式"结构，作knowing的宾语。）He
had no family, and had never heard a word from Jimmy again since that cold,dark
night（"since+过去的时间点"常与完成时连用，此处表示过去的过去，故句子用了过
去完成时。）. "Was he ashamed of having a friend like me "Bob longed for
an answer.
"Excuse me,sir,are you Bob "Bob heard the voice of a young man.
"Yes."He turned around and was surprised to find a familiar-looking man in his
thirties .（动词不定式短语作原因状语，表示惊讶的原因。）"Have we met
before "
"No,sir,"replied the man."My father told me to meet you today. I have a note for
you from him."
Doubtfully,Bob unfolded the note. His hands were shaking by the time he had
finished reading. （by the time引导的时间状语从句）
Bob, the doctor says I've only got three months.I'm afraid I won't be able to meet
you this time,but you'll always be my dear friend.
Jimmy
"You're Jimmy's son !"Bob shouted in surprise.
"Yes,sir,"the young man smiled."And my name is Bob."
在寒风中走出监狱，现年五十八岁的鲍勃感到迷茫和无助。
"二十年是一段很长的时间。"他苦笑着，不知道何去何从。他没有家人，而且
自从那个寒冷的黑夜以来，也一直没有收到过吉米的只言片语。"他为有我这样的朋
友而感到羞愧吗？"鲍勃渴望得到一个答案。
"打扰了，先生，您是鲍勃吗？"鲍勃听到一个年轻人的声音。
"是的。"他转过身来，惊讶地发现一个三十来岁、面熟的男子。"我们以前见过
吗？"
"没有，先生。"那个人回答，"我父亲叫我今天来见您。我有一张他给您的便条。"
鲍勃疑惑地打开了便条。等到他读完时，他的手在颤抖。
鲍勃， 医生说我只有三个月了。恐怕这次我不能去见你了，但你永远是我亲爱
的朋友。
吉米
"你是吉米的儿子？！"鲍勃惊讶地喊道。
"是的，先生。"那个年轻人笑了，"我叫鲍勃。"
1 How did Bob feel when he finally got out of jail
2 What kind of ending is this More than one description may be suitable .
A happy ending.□ A sad ending.
A surprise ending. □ An open ending.
3 Do you like this ending Give your reasons.
6 略，详见教材第63页。
7 Come up with your own ending to Jimmy and Bob's story，twenty
years after Bob was arrested. Answer the questions to help you.
1 What type of ending will it be
2 Do you want to introduce other characters in the ending If so ,who are they
3 Where will the ending take place
4 What has happened to Bob and Jimmy over the past twenty years
5 How will the story end
8 Write your own ending.
Learning to learn
To bring your story to life ,describe the settings and characters.
Settings:time,location and descriptions of the environment or surroundings
help your readers picture the scene. For example,The street was long and
dark,and there was no one around…
Characters:introducing characters means describing both appearance and
personality .For example,He was a tall man with curly brown hair.She always
seemed happy and friendly.Characters' actions,or their behaviours, not only
（"not only…but also…"结构，表示"不但……而且……"，此处连接并列的谓
语。）tell your readers what kind of people they are（what引导宾语从句，作tell
的直接宾语。）, but also drive the plot forward and create a particular
atmosphere .
9 Share your ending with the class.
名师圈点
①evidence/ ev d ns/n.［U］证据，证明
②original/ r d nl/adj.原作的； 起初的 n.［C］原作
词链 origin（n.［C,U］起源；来历）—original（adj.n.）—originally（adv.原来，起
初）
译文参考
鲍勃，刚才我准时到达了我们约定的地点。当你划火柴点雪茄的时候，我发现
你就是那个芝加哥警方通缉的人。不知怎么地，我无法亲自逮捕你，于是我转了一
圈，找了个便衣警察来做这件事。
吉米
③appointed/ p nt d/adj.约定的，指定的
appointed time/place约定的时间/地点
词链 appoint（vt.约定；任命）—appointed（adj.）—appointment（n.［C］约定；
［C,U］任命）
④strike the match划火柴
strike/stra k/（struck,struck,striking）vt.& vi.熟词生义 划（火柴） 详见P170
⑤plain clothes n.［pl.］便衣，便服
plain/ple n/ adj.极普通的；简单的，朴素的
⑥scene/si:n/n.［C］（戏剧或歌剧的）场；景色，景象 详见P171
⑦jail/d e l/ n.［U,C］监狱
近义 prison n.［U,C］监狱
搭配 in jail（=in prison）在监狱里
⑧step out of…（into…）从……中走出来（进入……）
⑨smile bitterly苦笑
bitterly/ b t li/ adv.痛苦地,愤恨地
⑩be ashamed of （doing） sth.对（做）某事感到羞愧
ashamed/ e md/adj.感到不好意思的，难为情的
long for…渴望……
long to do sth.渴望做某事
in one's thirties在某人30多岁时
注意 "in one's+整十的复数形式"结构表示"在某人几十多岁时"。
doubtfully/ da tf li/ adv.怀疑地
doubtful / da tfl/ adj.拿不定主意的，不确定的，怀疑的
be doubtful about （doing） sth.对（做）某事持怀疑态度
unfold/ n f ld/ vt.& vi.（卷着的东西）展开，打开
构词法 前缀un-置于动词之前，表示相反的动作。
学以致用 猜测下列单词的意思：
unlock __________
unpack __________
more than one意为"不止一个"，后跟可数名词单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
拓展 "many a+单数名词"作主语时，谓语动词也用单数形式。
suitable adj.适合的，合适的
be suitable for sb./sth.适合某人/某物
if so如果这样
拓展 if not如果不是这样
bring…to life使……更生动，使……更有趣
拓展 bring…back to life使……恢复生气
location/l ke （ ）n/ n.［C］地点，位置
词链 locate（vt.找出……的准确位置，确定……的准确地点）—located（adj.位于，
坐落在）—location（n.）
surroundings/s ra nd z/n.［pl.］周围的事物，环境 详见P171
思考 surroundings和environment有什么区别？
picture熟词生义 vt.设想;描绘
personality/ p :s n l ti/ n.［C,U］个性，性格
译文参考
为了让你的故事更生动，要描述一下背景和人物。
背景：时间、地点和关于环境的描述帮助你的读者想象场景。例如：街道又长
又黑， 四周无人……
人物：介绍人物意味着外貌和性格都要描述。例如，他是一个有着一头棕色卷发
的高个子男人。她看上去总是很快乐、很友好。人物的动作，或他们的行为，不仅告
诉你的读者他们是什么样的人，而且推进故事情节的发展，创造一种特殊的氛围。
drive the plot forward推进故事情节的发展
plot /pl t/n.［C］（书、电影、戏剧的）情节
atmosphere/ tm sf / n.［C,U］气氛,氛围，环境
搭配 an atmosphere of peace and calm和平宁静的气氛
词汇句式详解
Point 1 fortune高频词
教材语境 P59 The next morning I was to start for the West to make my
fortune.我第二天早上就要动身前往西部赚大钱了。
用法详解（1）n.［C］大笔的钱， 巨款
make a/one's fortune发财，发迹
Never dream of making a fortune without hard work.千万不要梦想不努力工作就
可以发大财。
（2）n.［U］运气，机会;［C］（个人的）命运，前途
have the good/bad fortune to do… 有幸/不幸做……
seek one's fortune外出寻找发财机会,外出闯荡
I have had the good fortune to work with some excellent teachers.我有幸与一些优
秀的教师共事。
Many young people went to seek their fortune in big cities.许多年轻人去大城市寻
找发迹的机会。
The family's fortune changed overnight.那个家庭的命运一夜之间改变了。
联想串记 相关词语积累：
语境串记 Unfortunately，we were stuck in the rain and couldn't find anyone to
help us.Fortunately a passer-by helped us and we arrived home before dark. So we
were also fortunate to some degree.不幸的是，我们被困在了雨中，并且找不到任何
能帮助我们的人。幸运的是，一个路人帮助了我们，我们在天黑之前回到了家。因
此，从某种程度上来说，我们也是幸运的。
学思用 小题集训
1.用fortune的适当形式填空
①Jamie, I can't tell you how __________I felt when I received my lost wallet sent
by you!
②The climbers had the bad ________ to run into a snowslide,but ___________ no
one got hurt.
fortunate
fortune
fortunately
2.用fortune的相关短语完成句子
①格蒂一生赚了很多钱，但他把钱捐给了艺术界，因为他想让人们了解并热爱艺术。
Getty ___________________ in his life, but he donated his money to the art world
because he wanted people to learn about and love art.
made his/a fortune
②去年，他有幸与一些世界级的运动员一起训练。
He _____________________________ with some world-class athletes last year.
had the good fortune to train
Points 2&3 worth，turn up
教材语境 P60 I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and
it's worth it if my old partner turns up.今晚我从千里之外赶来站在这扇门前，只
要我的老搭档出现，那也就不虚此行了。
用法详解
单词 含义 常见搭配
worth adj.值得 （费周折）； （指行动）值得,有 价值。 表示程度时要用 well来修饰, 而不 能用very。 Sth.is worth + n./pron.某事值得……
Sth.is （well） worth doing.（用主动形式表示被动意
义）某事（很）值得做。
It's （It作形式主语，真正的主语是doing sth. ）
（well） worth doing sth.做某事是（很）值得的。
Sth.is worth it. ……是值得的。
adj.有……价值， 值……钱 Sth.is worth+数字. 某物值……（钱）。
n.［U］ 价值；价 值……的东西 /
2 worth 课标词高频词
The local museum is worth a visit./The local museum is worth visiting./It is worth
visiting the local museum.当地这家博物馆值得参观。
The job involves a lot of hard work but it's worth it. 这份工作需要花费很大力气，
但是值得。
The old house is worth about ＄600,000.这幢旧房子大约值600 000美元。
These activities help children to develop a sense of their own worth.这些活动有助
于儿童培养自身的价值感。
The winner will receive ten pounds' worth of books.获胜者将得到价值10英镑的书籍。
语法填空
1.There is no short cut（捷径） to learning a foreign language well, but all your
hard work will be worth ___ in the longrun.
it
【解析】句意：学好一门外语没有捷径，但是从长远来看，你的一切努力都是值得的。
2.(2024·江苏连云港期末)Uncle Wang donated a lot of money to the charity last
week and his generosity is worth ___________________________________________
___________________________________（admire）.
admiring/admiration。句意：王叔叔上周给慈善机构捐了很多钱，他的慷慨值得钦佩。
3.Environmental awareness is now part of our daily life. But it is worth_________
（check） common ideas and opinions to see what is really green.
checking
3 turn up高频短语
用法详解
He promised that he would come, but he hasn't turned up yet. 他承诺会来，但还
没到。
Turn the radio up so that the students at the back can hear clearly.把收音机声音
开大一点以便坐在后面的学生能听得清楚。
Don't worry. I'm sure the letter will turn up.别担心，我相信那封信会被找到的。
Pahlsson and her husband searched the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned
up nothing.帕尔森和她的丈夫搜查了厨房，检查了每一个角落，但是一无所获。
（链高考|浙江）
归纳拓展 turn构成的其他短语：
1.判断下列句子中turn up的含义
①Tom, could you turn up your CD player a little bit We want to listen to some
music too.________________
②(天津第一中学检测)I had been feeling so bad until she turned up and told me
she would give me another chance.______
调高（音量等）
露面
③—I cannot find my watch. I must have lost it.
—Don't worry. Hopefully, it will turn up somewhere one day.________
被找到
2.语法填空
①(北京高考)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, turning the old town
_____ a dreamland.
②How could you turn ______ such a fantastic job when you have been out of
work for months
③I have been waiting for the bus for an hour, but it hasn't turned ____ yet.
④The tips my parents taught me when I was a child turned _____ to be very
useful later in my life.
into
down
up
out
Point 4 strike 课标词高频词
教材语境 P61 When you struck the match to light your cigar… 当你划火柴
点雪茄的时候……
用法详解
单词 含义 常见搭配
strike vt.& vi. 划（火柴）；敲， 报时；侵袭，爆发 /
vt.撞击，碰撞；打，击 strike sb.+介词+the+身体部位 击打某人某处
vt. 给……印象； 打动， 把……迷住； 使感到 （恐惧或惊慌） be struck by… 被……打动
strike sb. as…给某人以……印象
单词 含义 常见搭配
strike vt.突然想到 _____________________________________________________________________________
n.［C］ 罢工 be （out） on strike在罢工
come out on/go on strike举行罢工
续表
The old man struck a match to light the fireworks.那个老人划了一根火柴点燃烟花。
The clock has just struck twelve.时钟刚刚敲过十二点。
The country was struck by terrible storms that few citizens had ever experienced
before. 这个国家遭受了以前很少有居民经历过的可怕的暴风雨。
The child ran into the road and was nearly struck by a car.这个孩子跑到路上，
差点被车撞了。
A snowball struck him on the back of the head.一个雪球打中了他的后脑勺。
He strikes me as a very serious but friendly person.他给我的印象是一个非常严肃
但友好的人。
I was struck by her beautiful pronunciation.我被她美妙的发音迷住了。
A strange thought has just struck me.刚才我脑子里突然闪过一个奇怪的念头。
It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.我一下子明白我们如何
能改善局面了。
Half the staff are now （out） on strike for an increase in pay.现在有半数职工为
涨工资罢工。
1.判断下列句子中strike的词性及含义
①(上海金山中学期末)Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods,
whose effects people are suffering from.________
②(2024·天津和平区期末)Thousands of people will gather in the square, waiting for
the clock to strike 12 announcing the arrival of the New Year. ____________
③What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his
son.________
④(全国Ⅲ卷)Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right
arm.________
vt.侵袭
vt.敲，报时
vt.打动
vt.撞击
2.结合 strike 的用法完成句子
①我突然想起以前在什么地方见过他。
__________________ I had met him somewhere before.
It struck me that
②我被三峡的天然美景深深打动了。
I _____________________ the natural beauty of the Three Gorges.
was deeply struck by
Point 5 scene 课标词高频词
教材语境P61 Think about what happened in each of the three scenes… 想想
这三个场景分别发生了什么……
用法详解
On seeing the funny scene，the audience all burst into laughter.一看到这好笑的场
面，所有的观众都放声大笑起来。
The little boy rode his bike at full speed along the road. What a dangerous scene
it was! 那个小男孩沿路全速骑着自行车，多惊险的场面啊！
Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue.医
护人员迅速赶到了事故地点，实施救援。
In spring the scene on the top of the hill is so attractive that it is beyond words.
在春天，山顶的风景非常吸引人，以至于我无法言表。
归纳拓展 相关知识积累：
当scene 后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作状语时,从句要用where引导。有类似用
法的名词还有case、 point、 position、 situation、 stage等。
I still can't forget the scene where we played happily together in childhood.我仍然
不能忘记我们童年一起快乐玩耍的场景。
1.判断下列句子中scene的含义
①The scene of the film reminded me of those happy days that we spent together
in the countryside last summer holiday. ____________
②While we were walking towards the scene, Tennyson became very worried about
what had happened to the elderly couple.______
③The beautiful scene in the mountain village struck all the visitors.______
片段，镜头
现场
景色
2.完成句子
事故发生后不久，医生就赶到了现场，帮助受伤的乘客。
Doctors were_____________ soon after the traffic accident, helping the injured
passengers.
on the scene
Point 6 surroundings 课表派生高频词
教材语境P63 Settings:time,location and descriptions of the environment or
surroundings help your readers picture the scene. 背景：时间、地点和关于环境
的描述帮助你的读者想象场景。
用法详解 surroundings n.［pl.］周围的事物，环境。使用时该词只用复数形式。
Happiness comes from your heart，not from your surroundings.幸福源于你的内心，
而不是你周围的事物。
Humans are forever curious about and inspired by their natural surroundings.人类
永远对他们的自然环境感到好奇并从中得到启发。
联想串记 相关词语积累：
1.用surround的适当形式填空
①He likes to live in the _____________ which are quiet and beautiful. So last
month he bought a big new house in the countryside, which is ____________by
many big trees. The ____________ scenery is also very nice. He is very satisfied
with the new house.
surroundings
surrounded
surrounding
②(全国Ⅲ卷)And when he saw the mists（薄雾） rising from the river and the
soft clouds ____________ the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
surrounding
2.完成句子
The teacher sat on the grass，_______________________________（四周围着他的
学生）.
surrounded by/with his students
Points 7&8 "have sth. done"结构，"疑问词+-ever"引导的让步状语从句
教材语境P60 We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our
destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.我
们当时认为二十年后，我们俩应该有各自的命运，也应该各自都发了财，不管它们
将会是什么。
句式剖析 本句的结构分析如下：
7 "have sth. done"结构必备
用法详解 该结构中，have为使役动词，sth.为宾语，过去分词作宾语补足语，表示
被动含义,宾语sth.与构成过去分词的动词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
（1）该结构表示"使某事被做"时，该动作可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做。
Alice wants to have her eyes examined （"检查"的动作由医生来进行）tomorrow.
艾丽斯明天想去检查眼睛。
I must have the work finished（动作由主语自己完成） before Sunday.我必须要在
周日前完成这项工作。
（2）有时该结构还可表示"遭遇/经历某种不幸的事（此事违背主语的意愿）"。
Unfortunately, last spring he had his house seriously damaged in a sudden
hurricane. 不幸的是，去年春天他的房屋在一场突如其来的飓风中严重受损。
1.语法填空
(天津高考)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph_______
（take）.
taken
【解析】句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我得照张相。
2.单句写作
①她把头发剪掉，以20美元的价格卖了。
_________________________________________________
②昨天爬山时，莉萨（Lisa）的脚受伤了。
___________________________________________________________
She had her hair cut off and sold it for 20 dollars.
Lisa had her feet hurt when climbing the mountain yesterday.
8 "疑问词+-ever"引导的让步状语从句必备
（1）常见的"疑问词+-ever"如whatever、whoever、whenever、wherever、however可
以引导让步状语从句，表示"无论……，不管……"。
He is a very determined man. Whatever trouble he has， he never gives up.他是
一个意志非常坚定的人。他无论遇到什么问题，都决不放弃。
Whoever asks him for help，he is always ready to help.不管谁来求助于他，他都
乐于帮助。
However difficult the problem is，we'll overcome it.不管问题有多难，我们都会克
服它。
（2）引导让步状语从句时，whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/however可分别与
no matter what/who/when/where/how互换。
I'd like to leave as soon as possible and join my children, no matter where
（=wherever） they are.我想尽快离开，回到儿女们中间去，不管他们在哪儿。
1.用适当的疑问词（+-ever）填空
①No matter _____ difficult it might be, she had to right the terrible wrong she'd
done.
②__________ problems you may have, you should gather your courage to face the
challenge.
③(2024·天津南开区期末)__________ he is, he makes it a rule to go for a walk
before breakfast.
how
Whatever
Wherever
2.完成句子
(浙江高考)所以，不论你是谁，谢谢你不经意的善举，它不仅帮助了我妈妈，还让她
开心了一整天。
So, ________________________________________,thank you for the random act of
kindness that not only helped my mother out, but made her day too.
whoever you are或no matter who you are
练习帮 习题课 学业质量测评
A 基础练 知识巩固
建议时间：15分钟
Ⅰ 单词拼写（用本部分所学单词）
1.Our English teacher creates a friendly and cheerful a____________ in class where
we are free to express ourselves.
2.To make greater progress, you can find a study ________（伙伴） and schedule
a regular study session.
atmosphere
partner
3.He got up slowly and _________（拉） his chair toward the table.
4.When you choose the ________（地点） of your future university, the key is to
consider your personal needs and career goals.
5.(2024·江苏泰州期中)Inner qualities include your abilities， what you are good at,
your ___________（性格）, and how you look at the world.
dragged
location
personality
Ⅱ 词形转换
1.________n.大笔的钱；（个人的）命运；运气—（反）___________n.不幸的事故；
厄运，不幸—__________adj.幸运的—___________adv.幸运地
2.________vt.约定；任命—__________adj.约定的，指定的—_____________n.约定；
任命
3._______vt.找出……的准确位置，确定……的准确地点—________adj.位于，坐落
在—________n.地点，位置
4.__________vt.包围；环绕—____________ adj.周围的—_____________n．周围的
事物，环境
fortune
misfortune
fortunate
fortunately
appoint
appointed
appointment
locate
located
location
surround
surrounding
surroundings
Ⅲ 语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.(天津静海一中期末)A huge wave crashed against our boat and Bill fell into the
sea. ____________（fortunate）, he was picked up by a boat passing by.
2.We waited for her for a long time, and it was getting late when she finally
turned ____.
3.____________ by the forest, the village has beautiful _____________, which
attract many visitors from ____________ areas.（surround）
4.Amy busied herself with the preparations for the party on her own, and it never
struck her _____ she could turn to others for help.
5.I still remember the scene _______ the headmaster awarded me the prize.
6.(2024·重庆南开中学期末)People who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety
may have their arms ________（cross） in front of their chests.
Fortunately
up
Surrounded
surroundings
surrounding
that
where
crossed
Ⅳ 完成句子
1.(全国甲卷)知道一些技巧将有助于确保你与朋友或家人愉快地用餐——无论你在世
界的哪个地方。
Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends
or family—_______________________________________________________________
_____.
wherever you are in the world或no matter where you are in the world
2.我突然想到，我们应该制订一个新的计划。
_____________ that we _______________ a new plan.（strike,ought to）
It struck me
ought to make
3.多亏了你的建议，要不然我不可能取得这么迅速的进步。
Thanks to your advice, otherwise I ______________________________________.
（progress）
couldn't have made such rapid progress
4.我读过他写的很多诗， 其中大部分都值得再读一次。
I have read many poems written by him, and ________________________________
_____.（worth）
most of them are worth reading again
B 综合练 能力提升
建议时间：15分钟
Ⅰ 课文语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The story "After Twenty Years" is set 1. . New York on a cold, dark night.
It is about two friends named Bob and Jimmy.
Twenty years ago, Bob decided to leave for 2. . West to make his fortune,
but Jimmy would rather stay in New York. They made a promise that they would
meet at the place again 3. . they dined 4. .（exact） twenty years
from that date and time.
in
the
where
exactly
During the twenty years, Bob kept hustling around the West and Jimmy
became a policeman. Bob kept the 5. .（appoint） and came back,
believing that Jimmy would come if he was alive, because he was the 6. .
（true）, staunchest old chap in the world. He struck a match to light his cigar,
7. .（wait） for his friend. Jimmy 8. . （arrive） at the appointed
place but found Bob was just the man 9. .（want） in Chicago.
Somehow, Jimmy couldn't catch his best friend 10. .（he）, so he went
around and got a plain clothes man to do the job.
appointment
truest
waiting
arrived
wanted
himself
Ⅱ 阅读理解七选五
（语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——大学里结交朋友也很重要）
When you think about college and the experiences you'll have there, you
probably think about learning and growing.1. .
Some research suggests students who make friends at college are more likely
to be successful in their study. 2. . Humans are social creatures and when you
have someone who can encourage you，you will be better prepared to face the
challenge of higher education.
E
C
Friendship is important to everyone. But when you are in college, you not
only increase your knowledge but also try to get along with others. When you
apply for a job after graduation, you will be asked questions about your skills and
knowledge. 3. .What does all of this have to do with friendships Learning to get
along with people and work well with them takes many forms, and one of them is
friendship.
4. . These students can form study groups, discuss ideas for projects, and
celebrate victories and good grades. When you need to talk to someone, your
classmates must be the best.
D
G
It doesn't sound very friendly to talk about friendships in terms of what
someone can gain from them. But the very nature of the relationship is reciprocal
（互惠的）.5. . While a person is providing you with the support and strength
you need, you have to provide these back to them.
A
A.Friendship is a two-way street.
B.That help can come in the form of friendships.
C.You might wonder why，and the answer is very clear.
D.You'll also be asked how well you work with a team.
E.You should also think about the friendships you'll form.
F.Your friends help you interact with people all around you.
G.Students can get a lot by being friends with their classmates.
这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了大学期间，除了学习知识和技能，结交朋友也是很重
要的。友谊对自己、对朋友、对毕业后的工作都是有重要意义的。
1.___
E
【解析】根据上文"When you think about college and the experiences you'll have
there, you probably think about learning and growing"可知，当你想到大学和你在那
里将会有的经历时，你可能会想到学习和成长，选项E表示"你也应该想到你即将建
立的友谊"，与上文在句意上呈递进关系，引出下文讲述的"friendship"。且E项中的
"also think about"是空前"probably think about"的复现。
2.___
C
【解析】根据上文"Some research suggests students who make friends at college are
more likely to be successful in their study"可知，一些研究表明，在大学结交朋友
的学生更可能在他们的学业上成功。此句说明了研究结果，下文"Humans are
social…education"解释了会出现这样的结果的原因，选项C表示"你可能想知道为什么，
而答案是显然易见的"，既承接上文，又引出下文。
3.___
D
【解析】根据上文"When you apply for a job after graduation, you will be asked
questions about your skills and knowledge"可知，当你毕业后申请工作时，你会被问
到一些关于你的技能和知识方面的问题。选项D表示"你也会被问到你在团队合作中
表现如何"，与上文呈递进关系。
4.___
G
【解析】空处出现在段首，常常是段落主旨句。根据该段落内容可知，和同学们在
一起可以做很多有意义的事，而且同学也是最佳倾诉对象。选项G表示"和同学做朋
友，学生可以收获很多"，概括了该段大意。
5.___
A
【解析】根据空前一句"But the very nature of the relationship is reciprocal
（互惠的）"以及下文"While a person…back to them"可知，朋友应该是互相帮助的，
友谊也是互惠的。选项A表示"友谊是相互的"，符合语境。
记一记 词汇积累
核心词汇 be/have to do with… 与……有关系（或有联系）
in terms of… 就……而言，在……方面
interact/ nt r kt/ with… 与……互动
熟词生义 nature n. 本质；基本特质
谢谢
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