Unit 5 Section Into the wild Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas 课件 高中英语必修第一册外研版

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UNIT 5 Into the wild
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
高中英语必修第一册外研版
课文对译解读
原文呈现
Starting out
1 Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 What are the most popular pets in the UK
2 What is the most important animal charity in the UK
2 Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1 What are the relationships between the people and the animals
2 What animals do you often interact with What is your relationship with them
名师圈点
①popular adj.受欢迎的；流行的
搭配 be popular with/among…受……欢迎
派生词 popularity/ p pju l r ti/ n.［U］普及，流行，受欢迎
搭配enjoy/gain/win popularity享有盛名/逐渐受欢迎/受到欢迎
with the popularity of 随着……的普及
②charity/ t r ti/n.［C］慈善机构，慈善团体
③interact/ nt r kt/ vi.交流,合作； 相互影响
interact with… 和……交流；和……相互影响
派生词 interaction/ nt r k n/ n.［C,U］相互影响，相互作用；交流
原文呈现
Understanding ideas
1 Look at the pictures and choose the animals that migrate .
a monarch butterfly b Siberian crane（西伯利亚鹤，白鹤）
c Atlantic salmon d red panda（小熊猫）
e killer whale f African lion
Now talk about what you know about animal migration.
2 Read the passage and find out what mystery the scientists have
solved.
They have solved how millions of monarch butterflies manage to migrate.
√
√
√
√
The Monarch's Journey
1 Many animals move from one place to another at certain times of the year. This
annual movement is called migration. They migrate to find food,seek . .a partner,
or in search of . .warmer weather（两个动词不定式短语"to find food" "（to）
seek a partner"和一个介词短语"in search of warmer weather"并列作目的状
语。）.One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that （that是替代词，此
处替代的是the migration。that一般指代上文中出现的特指单数名词或不可数名词。）
of the North American monarch butterfly.
2 Every autumn,millions of these beautiful insects with fine black and orange wings
begin a long and difficult journey. Somehow they manage to travel around
4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico. However,until
recently no one knew how they did this.
3 A team of scientists led by Professor . .Eli Shlizerman at the University of
Washington（动词-ed短语作后置定语，修饰A team of scientists。A team of
scientists和lead是逻辑上的动宾关系，故这里用动词-ed形式。） has now found the
answer. They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day. It
uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun. These two pieces of
information—the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky
（two pieces of information的同位语，其中where the sun is in the sky是where引导
的定语从句，修饰先行词the point，where在定语从句中作地点状语。）—allow the
butterfly to determine the way to go. Eventually ,it manages to reach the
places where it will spend the winter.
4 The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability comes at a
time when it is in serious trouble. Its population has crashed by as much as
90 per cent in the last few years"（in the last/past+一段时间"作时间状语时，句子
常用现在完成时。）.Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of
monarch butterflies is falling（why引导的定语从句，修饰the main reason，why在从
句中作原因状语。）.In many of the places where the butterfly can be found,
people are destroying the natural environment.They cut down trees and use
chemicalsthat kill the plants that monarch caterpillars . .eat.（that引导的定语从句，
修饰先行词chemicals,that在该从句中作主语，不可省略；其中又包含一个that引导的
定语从句"that monarch caterpillars eat",修饰先行词the plants, that在该从句中作宾
语。）
5 The research on the monarch's behaviour has however led to a greater
awareness of this creature .People have been working （现在完成进行时，表示动
作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，还可能延续下去。）together to record its
migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on .If this
works , there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases
once again.The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater（"the+比较级
（+主语+谓语），the+比较级（+主语+谓语）"结构，表示后者随着前者的变化而变
化。） the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a
long time to come.
黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙之旅
1 许多动物会在一年中的特定时节从一个地方迁移到另一个地方，这种一年一度的
迁移叫作迁徙。它们迁徙或为了寻找食物，或为了寻找伴侣，或为了寻找更温暖的
天气。北美黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙是大自然中最令人赞叹的迁徙之一。
2 每年秋天，数百万只这种翅膀橙黑相间的美丽昆虫都会开启一段漫长而艰难的旅
程。它们不知用什么方法，能完成约4 000千米的南行旅程，前往加利福尼亚或墨西
哥。然而,直到最近，人们才知道它们是如何做到的。
3 一支由伊莱·史莱泽曼教授带领的来自华盛顿大学的科学家团队现在已经找到了答
案。他们发现黑脉金斑蝶可以分辨出一天的时刻。它用眼睛来测量太阳的位置。这
两条信息——一天中的时刻和太阳在空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶确定它的路线。
最终它成功到达它过冬的地方。
4 黑脉金斑蝶这一惊人能力的奥秘被揭开时，这一生物正遭遇严重困境。近年内其
种群数量减少了90%之多。不幸的是，人类活动是黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。
在黑脉金斑蝶生存的许多地方，人们正在破坏自然环境。他们砍伐树木，使用能杀
死黑脉金斑蝶幼虫食用的植物的化学药剂。
5 然而，对黑脉金斑蝶（迁徙）行为的研究让人们对这种生物有了更深刻的认识。
人们一直在齐心协力记录它的迁徙，并确保它有足够的植物可食用。如果这些起作
用，那么可能某个时候黑脉金斑蝶的数量会再次增加。我们对这种可爱的生物了解
得越多，它生存的机会以及长久保持它在自然界中的地位的可能性就越大。
名师圈点
①migrate/ma ɡre t/vi.移栖，迁徙
派生词 migration/ma ɡre （ ）n/n.［C,U］迁徙
搭配 seasonal migration季节性迁徙
②monarch butterfly黑脉金斑蝶
monarch/ m n k/n.［C］君主,国王
③Atlantic salmon大西洋鲑鱼
Atlantic/ t l nt k/adj.大西洋的
salmon/ s m n/n.［C］鲑鱼，三文鱼
④killer whale n.［C］虎鲸，逆戟鲸
whale/we l/ n.［C］鲸
⑤mystery/ m st（ ）ri/ n.［C］难以理解的事物，谜
solve the mystery解开谜团
派生词 mysterious/m st ri s/ adj.神秘的
⑥annual/ nju l/ adj.一年一度的，每年的
派生词 annually/ nju li/ adv.一年一次地
⑦seek/si:k/（sought, sought）vt.& vi.寻找，寻求; vi.试图，设法；vt.请求，寻求 详
见P191
⑧in search of寻找
⑨somehow/ s mha /adv.以某种方式；不知怎么地
拓展 anyhow adv.无论如何
⑩manage to do sth.设法做成某事
professor/pr fes /n.［C］教授
tell vt. 熟词生义分辨，识别
measure/ me /vt.量，测量n.［C］措施，方法 详见P192
position/p z （ ）n/ n.［C］位置 详见P192
determine/d t :m n/vt.确定，测定 详见P193
eventually/ vent u li/adv.终于，最终
同义 at last、 at length、 finally、 in the end
solution/s lu: （ ）n/n.［C］答案，谜底；解决方法
a solution to………的解决方法（to为介词）
amazing/ me z /adj.惊人的，了不起的 详见P194
population n.［C］种群
语用 population为集合名词，当表示"人口多/少"时用large/small修饰，而不用
many/few，如have a large/small population。
crash/kr /vi.暴跌； vi.& vt.（车）碰撞，（飞机）坠毁n.［C］碰撞；（飞机）
坠毁
crash（…）into… （……）撞上……
a car crash汽车撞车事故
a plane crash飞机失事
per cent/p sent/ n.百分比（=percent）
destroy the natural environment 破坏自然环境
destroy/d str /vt.破坏，毁掉
词链 destroy（vt.）—destruction（n.［U］破坏，摧毁）—destructive（adj. 毁灭性
的，引起破坏的）
cut down砍倒；减少
拓展 cut in 打断（谈话），插嘴
cut off 停止，中断（供给）；使……与外界隔绝（常与from连用）
chemical/ kem k（ ）l/n.［C］化学品 adj.化学的
caterpillar / k t p l / n.［C］毛虫
research on… 关于……的研究
creature/ kri:t /n.［C］生物，动物
make sure （of sth./that…） 确保，设法保证;查明，核实
feed on以……为食
work vi.熟词生义 奏效
survive/s va v/vi.& vt.活下来，幸存 详见P194
文化百科
The monarch butterfly is one of the most common butterfly species in North
America. It has orange-brown wings with black veins（翅脉）, and the black edge
of its wings is dotted（布满） with two rows of white spots. As the only
migratory butterfly on Earth, it is known for its spectacular（壮观的） long-
distance annual migration. Every autumn, millions of monarch butterflies migrate
south for the winter. The wide distribution（分布） of the monarch butterfly ranges
from southern Canada to the entire United States, and then to Central and South
America.
细研读 教材深挖 深挖教材链接高考
A 课文语篇结构
1.________
2._________
3._______________
4.________
warmer
position
Human activity
survive
B 课文阅读理解
1.What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1 ( )
B
A.To tell us what migration is exactly.
B.To show the reasons for migration.
C.To introduce the topic of the text.
D.To tell us how many animals migrate.
2.What will probably happen to the North American monarch butterflies if it is
cloudy ( )
A
A.They may lose their way. B.They can't see anything.
C.They can't find any food. D.They will feel very cold.
3.What is the main reason for the North American monarch butterflies' population
crash ( )
D
A.Being eaten by birds. B.Being caught by humans.
C.The bad weather conditions. D.The destroyed natural environment.
4.What's the author's attitude to the research on the monarch butterfly ( )
D
A.Unconcerned. B.Unclear. C.Opposed. D.Supportive.
C 课文语法填空
The migration of the North American monarch butterfly is wonderful and
1. .（mystery）. Every autumn, 2. .（million） of monarch
butterflies begin a long and difficult journey. They manage 3. .（travel）
around 4,000 kilometres south to spend the winter.
A team of scientists 4. .（lead） by Professor Eli Shlizerman has found
how the monarch achieves this. The butterfly is able to tell the time of day and
uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun, 5. . allow it to determine
where to go.
mysterious
millions
to travel
led
which
In the last few years, the population of the monarch butterfly 6. .
（crash） by ninety per cent.7. .（sad）, human activity is the main reason.
People are destroying the natural environment 8. . places where the butterfly can
be found.
However, the research on the monarch's behaviour has led to a greater
9. .（aware） of this creature. There may come a time when 10. .
number of monarch butterflies increases once again.
has crashed
Sadly
in
awareness
the
D 课文佳句临摹
1.教材原句：They migrate to find food, seek a partner, or in search of warmer
weather.（动词不定式短语作目的状语）
仿写：为了提高人们对环境问题的认识，政府在全国范围内发起了一个项目。
_________________________________________________, a nationwide project was
launched by the government.
To raise people's awareness of environmental issues
2.教材原句：These two pieces of information—the time of day and the point where
the sun is in the sky—allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.（where引导
定语从句）
仿写：在很多可以种植庄稼的地方，人们正在破坏自然环境。
_________________________________________, people are destroying the natural
environment.
In many places where crops can be grown
3.教材原句：The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance
it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.
仿写：我们对自然了解得越多，我们在野外生存就越容易。［"the+比较级
（+主语+谓语），the+比较级（+主语+谓语）"结构］
_________________________________________________________________________
_____
The more we know about nature, the easier it is for us to survive in the wild.
原文呈现
3 Choose where you are most likely to find the passage.
1 In a scientific research paper about the monarch butterfly's migration.
2In a popular nature magazine introducing the monarch butterfly（动词-ing短语作后
置定语，修饰magazine。）.
3 In a travel leaflet（/ li:fl t/n.［C］小册子,传单） encouraging people to visit
North America.
√
4 Complete the sentences with expressions from the passage. Then use
the sentences to complete the "cause-effect" flow charts .
a The monarch butterfly is able to tell ________________.
b Using these two pieces of information,the monarch butterfly
determines _______________.
c The monarch butterfly measures _______________________ with its eyes.
d The monarch butterfly reaches _______________________________________.
e Humans __________ trees.
f The ___________________________________ where monarchs can be found is
destroyed.
the time of day
the way to go
the position of the sun
the places where it will spend the winter
cut down
natural environment of many places
g Humans use chemicals that ______________ that monarch caterpillars eat.
h The monarch butterfly's population ______________________________________
in the last few years.
kill the plants
has crashed by as much as 90 per cent
名师圈点
①be likely to do sth.有可能做某事
特别提醒 likely是形容词，其常用的比较级和最高级形式分别是more likely和most
likely。
②scientific/ sa n t f k/adj.科学的
搭配 a scientific research paper科学研究论文
③effect/ fekt/n.［C,U］影响，结果 详见P195
④flow chart n.［C］流程图，作业图
词汇句式详解
. .手写体的词汇为本单元复现词汇
Point 1 seek （sought，sought）课标词 高频词
教材语境 P66 They migrate to find food, seek a partner, or
in search of warmer weather. 它们迁徙或为了寻找食物，或为
了寻找伴侣，或为了寻找更温暖的天气。
用法详解 （1）vt. & vi.寻找;寻求,谋求; vt.（向人）请求,寻求
seek （for） sth./sb.寻找某物/某人
seek…from sb.向某人寻求……
seek one's fortune外出寻找发财机会,外出闯荡
In my opinion, when in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.在
我看来，当我们有麻烦时，我们应该向我们最信任的人寻求帮助。（链高考|全国甲
卷）
I packed up my things and went to Beijing to seek my fortune.我收拾好行囊，到
北京闯荡。
（2）vi.试图，设法
seek to do sth.（=try to do sth.）试图做某事,设法做某事
Scientists have been seeking to solve. .the mystery of people's "sixth sense".科学家
一直在试图解开人们的"第六感"之谜。
学思用 小题集训
1.语法填空
①When the thief sought _________（enter） the room, a cough frightened him
away.
②Robert didn't feel well, so he had to seek advice ______ his doctor.
to enter
from
2.结合seek的用法完成句子
①很多年轻人去上海寻找发财的机会。
Many young people went to__________________ in Shanghai.
seek their fortune
②(浙江1月高考)在南瓜地里，我和我的三个弟弟以及我的妹妹比赛，挑选最大的南瓜。
In the pumpkin field, I compete with my three brothers and sister
_______________________________.
to seek out the biggest pumpkin
Points 2&3 measure，position
教材语境 P67 It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.它用眼睛来
测量太阳的位置。
2measure 课标词 高频词
用法详解 （1）vt. 测量，度量；估量，衡量
measure… by… 用……衡量……
Please stand still. I will measure your height.请站着别动。我要
测量你的身高。
Success isn't measured by how much money you have.成功与否不是用金钱来衡量的。
（2）n. ［C］措施，方法；判断，衡量
take measures to do sth. （=take steps to do sth.）采取措施做某事
It is high time that we should take measures to protect wild animals.我们是时候
采取措施去保护野生动物了。（主题素材·野生动物保护）
Record sales are not always a measure of a singer's popularity.唱片销量并不总是
衡量一名歌手受欢迎程度的标准。
（3）linking verb （指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为。此时measure后通常跟测量的
数据，不用于进行时和被动语态。measure表示此意义作后置定语和状语时，要用动
词-ing形式。
The blackboard measures three meters long and one meter wide.这块黑板长3米，
宽1米。
Do you know the history of that bridge measuring as long as 200 meters 你知道
那座长达200米的桥的历史吗？
语境串记 They are talking about measures of measuring the weight of the elephant.
他们正在讨论测量大象体重的办法。
1.语法填空
①___________ the trees is a difficult task, as they grow so high, and some
_________ as high as 20 meters.（measure）
②We should take measures ___________ （prevent） the wild animals from being
hunted illegally.（主题素材·保护野生动物）
③(浙江1月高考)BMI is an internationally recognized _____________（measure）
tool which gives an indication（标示） of whether someone is a healthy weight.
Measuring
measure
to prevent
measurement
2.单句写作
教育不应该纯粹用考试成绩来衡量。
____________________________________________________________
Education shouldn't be measured purely by examination results.
3 position 课标词高频词
用法详解
单词 含义 常见搭配
position n.［C］位置;［U］适当的位置； ［C,U］姿态，姿势；［C, usually sing.］处境，状况 out of/in position不在/在适当的位置
in a（n）…position （to do sth.）
（做某事）处于……的处境
n.［C］观点，态度，立场 take the position that… 认为……
n.［C］职位，职务 /
vt.安装，安置，使处于 /
Noticing a chair out of position, he put it back in position at once.他发现一把椅
子放错了位置，马上把它放回了原位。
I'm not sure what I would do if I were in your position.我不知道如果我身在你的
处境会怎么办。
The principal took the position that students should have enough exercise. 那位校
长认为学生应该有足够的锻炼。
Learning that our school is about to celebrate its 100th anniversary and that
volunteers are wanted, I am writing to apply for this position.得知我们学校即将迎
来百年校庆，并且需要志愿者，我写信是想申请这个职位。（应用文写作之申请信
开头语）
Large television screens were positioned at either end of the stadium.体育场的两
端安装了大型电视屏幕。
特别提醒 当position、situation、point、case等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词且关系
词在从句中作状语时，定语从句要用where引导。
1.判断下列句子中position的词性及含义
①Kathy, struggling for months to find a job, finally took a position at a local
travel agency（旅行社）._______
n.职位
②—I have been sitting in the same position too long. My legs have been asleep.
—Shake them a little before you get up._______
n.姿势
③The backpack should be positioned high on the back, reducing the stress on the
shoulders and back.________________
vt.安置，使处于
2.语法填空
(华中师大一附中期中)Sales Director is a position _______ communication skills are
just as important as sales skills.
where
3.单句写作
Jack的粗心大意使他自己和他的同学处于糟糕的处境。
________________________________________________________________________
Jack's carelessness puts/put himself and his classmates in a terrible position.
Point 4 determine 课标词高频词
教材语境 P67 These two pieces of information…allow the butterfly to
determine the way to go.这两条信息……让黑脉金斑蝶确定它的路线。
用法详解
单词 含义 常见搭配
determine vt.确定，测定，查明 /
vt.& vi.决心（做某事）， 决定 determine to do sth.决心做某事，决定做某
事
vt.决定，影响 determine how/whether/what…决定/影响……
We set out to determine what happened that night.我们着手查明那天晚上发生的事
情。
Greatly encouraged by what the teacher said, the boy returned to his seat and
determined to study harder.老师的话使这个男孩深受鼓舞，他回到座位上，决心更加
努力地学习。
How hard the swimmers work now（主语从句） will determine how they perform
in the competitions（宾语从句）.游泳运动员现在的努力程度将决定他们在比赛中的
表现。
联想串记 相关词语积累：
1.语法填空
①John had made up his mind to give it up, but on second thoughts he determined
_______（try） a third time（"a +序数词+time"表示"又一次，再一次"）.
②Professor Johnson is such a ___________（determine）person that he has
managed to finish the research.
③____________（determine） to catch the thief, the police have spent hours on
surveillance videos（监控录像）.
④It takes a lot of hard work and ______________（determine） to achieve big
goals.
to try
determined
Determined
determination
2.单句写作
(2024·广东广州期中)我决心报名参加这次英语演讲比赛（contest）。
_________________________________________________________________
I determine/am determined to sign up for the English speech contest.
Point 5 amazing 课标词高频词
教材语境 P68 The solution to the mystery of the monarch's amazing ability
comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.黑脉金斑蝶这一惊人能力的奥秘被
揭开时，这一生物正遭遇严重困境。
用法详解 amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的。在句中可作表语、定语或补语，常用来
修饰物。
If you come to visit China, you will experience a culture of amazing depth and
variety.如果你来中国游览，你将会体验一种有着惊人的深度和多样性的文化。
（应用文写作之旅游与文化）
联想串记 相关词语积累：
语境串记 The news was so amazing that all the people present at the meeting
were amazed at it.这个消息是如此令人惊奇以至于所有出席会议的人都感到很惊讶。
用amaze的适当形式填空
1.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)He was ________ at the results. The plants and animals in the
eco-machine took the sludge（淤泥） as food and began to eat it!
2.To my ___________，he passed the driving test without much practice.
3.(2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing（看到） sunrises, the
whole experience was _________.
amazed
amazement
amazing
Point 6 survive 课标词高频词
教材语境 P68 The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the
chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time
to come.我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会以及长久保持它在自然
界中的地位的可能性就越大。
用法详解 （1）vi.生存，存活，继续存在
survive on sth.依靠……生活
Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to
survive is to live in harmony with nature.人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，就这一
点而论，我们生存的唯一方式是与自然和谐相处。（主题素材·人与自然和谐相处）
Before becoming famous, J. K. Rowling had spent years surviving on small
income. 在成名之前，J.K.罗琳多年来一直靠微薄的收入维持生计。
（2）vt.幸存，幸免于难。其宾语通常是war、 accident、 illness、 flood、 fire、
crash等。
Having survived the heart attack, Monica brought her doctor a bunch of flowers
to express her thanks. 从心脏病发作中死里逃生后，莫妮卡给她的医生带来一束花
表示感谢。
（3）vt.比……活（或存在）的时间长
survive sb.by+时间段 比某人多活……
She survived her husband by ten years.丈夫死后她又活了十年。
归纳拓展 相关词语积累：
survival n.［U］幸存,生存,存活 survivor n.［C］幸存者,生还者
构词法 以-ve结尾的动词变名词时以-val结尾的词有:
approve（vi.赞成，同意） —— approval（n.［U］赞成，同意）
arrive（vi.抵达，到达） —— arrival（n.［U,C］到达，抵达）
remove（vt.移开，去掉） —— removal（n.［U］移动；除去）
语法填空
1.(湖北省荆州中学期末)Due to the hard work of WCS（国际野生生物保护学会）,
these large cats have a better chance of _________（survive） in the natural
environment than ever, not just in zoos.（主题素材·动物保护）
survival
2.They had to dig through the ruins with their hands, searching for __________
（survive） who were trapped（困住）. （读后续写之动作描写）
3.My grandma passed away last year and she survived my grandpa ____
fifteenyears.
4.As the company struggles to survive ____ a tight budget（预算）, it can't afford
to hire more employees.
5.In many areas around the world, birdsong can also mark the ________（arrive）
of spring and nice weather.
survivors
by
on
arrival
Point 7 effect 课标词高频词
教材语境 P69 Then use the sentences to complete the "cause-
effect" flow charts. 然后用这些句子完成"因果"流程图。
用法详解 effect n.［C,U］效应，影响，结果
cause and effect因果
side effects （药物的）副作用
have a（n）… effect on… 对……有……影响
take effect生效,开始实施（=come into effect）;见效,开始起作用
put/bring…into effect实施,实行,使生效
in effect事实上,实际上
. .It remains to be seen（"It remains to be seen..."句型 ）whether the medicine has
side effects.这个药物是否有副作用还有待观察。
Any change in lifestyle will have an effect on your health.生活方式的任何改变都
将对你的健康产生影响。
These changes in the uniform policy come into effect. .at the start of next year.这
些在校服政策上的变化将于下年初开始生效。
The painkiller was starting to take effect and the pain eased.止痛药开始起作用了，
疼痛减轻了。
语境串记 The new traffic rule has come into effect. Now, it is beginning to take
effect. In effect, it has an effect on people's life in many ways. 新的交通法规已经
实施了。现在它开始起作用了。事实上，它在很多方面影响着人们的生活。
结合effect的用法完成句子
1.(天津市第一中学期末)The new law has ____________________________________
________________________________（生效），and the number of wild animals
here is on the increase now.
come into effect/taken effect/been put into effect/been brought into effect
2.(天津市耀华中学检测)The number of foreigners learning Chinese has been
growing in recent years, indicating（显示） that China _______________________
（对……有更大的影响） the world.
has a greater effect on
3.He said he graduated from Oxford University, while _________（实际上）, he
never went to college.
in effect
Point 8 现在完成进行时必备
教材语境P68 People have been working together to record its migration and
make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on.人们一直在齐心协力记
录它的迁徙，并确保它有足够的植物可食用。
句式剖析 本句的结构分析如下：
用法详解 现在完成进行时由"have/has+been+动词-ing"构成，其常见用法如下：
（1）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作。这个动作可能刚刚停止，也可能
继续下去。此时，谓语动词为延续性动词。
Where have you been I've been looking for you everywhere.你去哪儿了？我一直
在到处找你。
（2）表示从过去某时开始到现在的一段时间内反复发生的动作，常带有感彩。
The washing machine has been running all morning. What on earth are you
washing 洗衣机已经转了一上午了。你到底在洗什么？
特别提醒 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：
（1）现在完成时表示动作已完成，强调对现在的影响或产生的结果；现在完成进行
时表示动作一直在进行，可能刚刚结束，也可能继续下去，强调动作的持续性。比较：
I have written a book.我已经写了一本书。（动作已经完成）
I have been writing a book.我一直在写一本书。（动作一直在进行，可能还将继
续下去）
（2）现在完成进行时可以表示动作的反复性；现在完成时一般不表示反复性。
Have you been meeting him recently 你最近经常见他吗？（强调多次见到）
Have you met him recently 你最近见过他吗？（可能只有一次）
（3）现在完成进行时有时含有感彩；现在完成时一般表示平铺直叙。
亨利工作有条不紊。
Henry has been doing his work in an orderly way. （含表扬意味）
Henry has done his work in an orderly way.（陈述事实）
语法填空
1.(北京高考)China's high-speed railways ____________（grow） from 9,000 to
25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
have grown
【解析】根据句中的in the past few years以及语境可知，此处应用现在完成时。
2.The new reserve ___________________________（play） an important role in
wildlife protection since it was built last year.（主题素材·野生动物保护）
has been playing/has played
【解析】根据下文中的"since…last year"可知，此处应用完成时态，故填has been
playing或has played。
3.(全国Ⅲ卷)It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research
indicates that the numbers _________________（rise） for some time.
have been rising
【解析】根据下文中的"for some time"可知，人数上涨已经持续了一段时间，并有
可能继续上涨，故应用现在完成进行时。
4.(2022·天津)Theorists（理论家） __________________（argue） for years and still
disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body.
have been arguing
【解析】根据"for years"和"still disagree"可知，此处表示argue这个动作从过去开始
持续到现在并将继续持续下去，故应用现在完成进行时。
Point 9 "the+比较级（+主语+谓语），the+比较级（+主语+谓语）"结构必备
教材语境P68 The more. .we know about this lovely creature, the greater the
chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time
to come.我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会以及长久保持它在自然
界中的地位的可能性就越大。
用法详解
知意义 该结构意为"（……）越……,（……）越……"，表示后者随着前者的
变化而变化。前者相当于一个条件状语从句
明时态 表示将来意义时，前者用一般现在时, 后者用一般将来时
懂省略 若句意明确，该结构常以省略形式"the+比较级，the+比较级"出现
The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes.一个人越博学，
通常就会变得越谦虚。
The sooner, the better. 越快越好。
归纳拓展比较级的其他常用结构:
（1）
With winter coming, the weather is getting colder and colder.随着冬天的到来，天
气变得越来越冷。
Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are
environmentally friendly.绿色产品变得越来越受欢迎，因为它们环保。
（2）the+比较级+of the two+可数名词复数,表示"两者中比较……的那一个"。
Bob is the taller of the two boys, because he does more sports.鲍勃是两个男孩中
较高的那个,因为他运动更多。
1.语法填空
①The _______（long） the mountaineering team of five members got stuck in the
wild, the less hope of survival there would be.
longer
【解析】句意：这支五人登山队被困野外时间越久，生还希望就越是渺茫。
②(全国Ⅲ卷)The ______________（positive） an article, the more likely it was to
be shared, as Dr. Berger explained in his new book.
more positive
【解析】句意：正如伯杰博士在他的新书中解释的那样，一篇文章的内容越积极，
就越有可能被分享。
2.完成句子
莉萨对考试越来越有信心了。当然，她学习越努力，考试成绩就越好。
Lisa is getting _______________________________ the exams and of course,
__________________________________________________.
more and more confident about
the harder she studies；thebetter results she will get
学业质量测评
手写体的词汇为本单元复现词汇
A 基础练 知识巩固
建议时间:10分钟
Ⅰ 单词拼写（用本部分所学单词）
1.They are arguing with their classmates about the s________ to the problem.
2.(2024·浙江绍兴期中)The ________（一年一度的） festival in our school has
attracted（吸引） thousands of teachers and students to take part.
olution
annual
3.(全国乙卷)One afternoon, while attempting to get into bed she collapsed（倒下）
from what was __________（最终） discovered to be a heart attack.
4.More and more people choose to _____（寻求）a harmonious relationship with
nature in the quietness of some faraway places.
5.Well, I've found our _________（位置） on the map if you want to see where
we are.
eventually
seek
position
Ⅱ 词形转换
1.determine vt.& vi.决心（做某事），决定—___________ adj.有决心的；坚定的—
______________ n.决心；决定
2._______ vt.使惊奇—_________ adj.惊人的—________ adj.大为惊奇的—
___________ n.惊奇，惊诧
3.________ vt.破坏，毁灭—___________ n.破坏，摧毁—___________ adj.毁灭性的
4.survive vi.生存；vt.幸存—_________ n.幸存，存活—_________ n.幸存者
determined
determination
amaze
amazing
amazed
amazement
destroy
destruction
destructive
survival
survivor
Ⅲ 语法填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.(江苏高考)Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect
____ everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life.
2.Eric cuts ______ coffee and cigarettes, and has a balanced diet.
3.China has sent Chang'e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to
make _____________（measure） and observations.
4.The students' union has determined ____________（organize） an English debate
on "the economy or the environment".
5.Overfishing and pollution are threatening the_________（survive） of certain fish
species.
on
down
measurement
to organize
survival
Ⅳ 完成句子
1.由于温室气体越来越多，如今的气温比100年前高。
The temperature now is _________________________________ because of more
and more greenhouse gases.（替代词that）
higher than that of 100 years ago
2.(全国Ⅰ卷)千真万确，年纪越大，我越觉得时光飞逝。
It's true, _______________________________ time has wings.［"the+比较级
（+主语+谓语），the+比较级（+主语+谓语）"结构］
the older I get, the more I feel
3.朱迪丝一直在写她的新小说，这本小说应该会在下个月出版。
Judith _________________ her new novel which is supposed to come out next
month.
has been writing
B 综合练 能力提升
建议时间:8 分钟
阅读理解（语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——北极动物提前迁徙）
"Animals in the Arctic（北极地区）, including reindeer and golden eagles, are
migrating earlier due to climate change," say researchers who have gathered a lot
of data to study the behaviour of 86 Arctic species over the past 30 years.
"We have the ability to keep our eyes on animal movements on a very large
scale（规模）," says Eliezer Gurarie at the University of Maryland."It seems that
animals are unknowingly reacting and adapting to climatic changes, and have been
doing this for years."
Gurarie and his team used GPS and satellites to track the spring migration of
more than 900 female reindeer over the past 15 years. They discover that the
females are migrating to give birth about a day earlier year on year, probably as a
result of warming temperatures."Earlier birthing times can be risky in northern parts
of the Arctic," says team member Gil Bohrer at Ohio State University."There is a
better chance of their babies facing strong and unexpected storms," he says. If they
do, many will die because they cannot deal with extreme conditions.
Similarly, golden eagles—which usually nest in the Arctic area—have been
starting their spring migration half a day earlier each year over the past 25 years.
"The day-to-day change of climate is very small," says Bohrer."To understand
how animals react to climate change, you need a very long period of observation—
something that has only recently been possible."
The researchers' archive（档案） of Arctic animal movements currently covers
more than 15 million data points related to 8，000 animals."Our archive can help
to advise management methods to preserve endangered species, as climate change
only becomes more extreme," says Bohrer.
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了,研究发现由于气候变暖，北极地区的动物迁徙
时间提前，并介绍了研究开展的过程以及此项研究的意义。
1.What can we conclude from Gurarie's words ( )
D
A.Researchers can guide animal movements.
B.Animals can adapt to climate change easily.
C.Animals don't know how to react to the environment.
D.Earlier migration is animals' reaction to warmer climate.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的"It seems that animals are
unknowingly…doing this for years"可知，从Gurarie的话可以推断出，提前迁徙是动
物对气候变暖的反应。
2.What is a possible bad effect of animals' giving birth earlier ( )
D
A.Fewer babies will be delivered.
B.They may migrate earlier in spring.
C.There will be more unexpected storms.
D.Babies have less opportunity to survive.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的"‘Earlier birthing times can be risky in
northern parts of the Arctic，'…If they do, many will die because they cannot deal
with extreme conditions"可知，早出生的动物幼崽无法抵御极端的环境状况，存活下
来的机会更少。
3.What does Bohrer want to stress in Paragraph 5 ( )
C
A.The purpose of the research.
B.The small change of climate.
C.The challenge of the research.
D.The possibility of observing animals.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，气候日复一日的变化很细微，要了
解动物对气候变化的反应，需要很长时间的观察——这是近期才得以实现的，由此
可推断，本段强调了研究的困难和挑战性。
4.What does the passage mainly talk about ( )
C
A.The observation of animals.
B.Newly-found animals in danger.
C.The discovery of animals' migrating earlier.
D.Animals' extinction caused by global warming.
【解析】本文是一篇研究报告，此类文章主旨大意一般是研究结果。根据第一段中研
究人员陈述的研究结果可知，这篇文章主要讲了北极地区的动物提前迁徙这一发现。
记一记 词汇积累
核心词汇 gather/ ? （r）/ vt. 搜集，收集（情报） data/ de t / n. 数据，资料，
材料
satellite/ s t la t/ n. 人造卫星
派生词汇 research vt.& vi.研究，调查→researcher n.研究者
move vt.& vi.（使）改变位置，移动→movement n.移动，迁移
risk n.危险，风险→risky adj.有危险的，有风险的 observe vt.& vi.观察
→observation n.观察，观测
熟词生义 track vt.（尤指用特殊电子设备）跟踪，追踪 cover vt.包括，包含，涉及
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