Unit 4 Do it yourself 同步提优练习（含解析）2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册
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| 名称 | Unit 4 Do it yourself 同步提优练习（含解析）2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-10-26 16:26:24 | ||
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unit4 同步提优练习
完形填空
Hundreds of years ago in a small town, a moneylender(放债者) lent a lot of money to a poor man. The moneylender, who was old and ugly, 16 the poor man’s beautiful daughter. So he came up with an idea. He said the poor man didn’t need to return the money to him 17 he could marry(嫁、娶)his daughter. Both the man and his daughter were 18 .
The moneylender then told them that he would put a small 19 stone and a small white stone into an empty bag. The girl would have to choose 20 . If she took the black stone, she would become the moneylender’s 21 and her father’s debt(债务) would be let go. If she picked the white stone, she didn’t need to marry him and her father’s debt would 22 be let go. Her father would be put into prison(监狱) if she refused to pick a stone.
As they talked, the moneylender picked up two stones. As he did that, the girl 23 that he put two black stones in the bag. He then asked the girl to pick her stone from the 24 .
The girl thought for a 25 and then had an idea. She put her hand into the bag and took out a stone. 26 looking at it, she let it fall onto the path where it immediately became lost among all the other stones. “Oh how 27 I was!” she said, “But never mind. If you look into the bag for the one that is left, you will be able to 28 which stone I picked.” This 29 tells: Sometimes we can think about things in a 30 way. Most difficult problems do have a solution.
16．A．pleased B．hated C．loved D．saw
17．A．if B．and C．so D．but
18．A．bored B．afraid C．happy D．excited
19．A．pink B．red C．black D．yellow
20．A．one B．it C．that D．this
21．A．daughter B．cousin C．wife D．friend
22．A．again B．still C．never D．hardly
23．A．said B．worried C．thought D．noticed
24．A．bag B．ground C．box D．river
25．A．time B．day C．while D．hour
26．A．On B．About C．For D．Without
27．A．worried B．clever C．careless D．lucky
28．A．tell B．listen C．ask D．hear
29．A．saying B．story C．news D．man
30．A．careful B．funny C．different D．normal
阅读理解
Some children think writers are great and they can tell people a lot. So they also wish to be writers some day. They mean that they want to write stories or books which many persons will read. I would like to remind (提醒) them that they will need to be good readers and to read a lot in order to be good writers.
Nearly all great writers read too long before they started to school, and read for hours and hours every day since they became good readers. Instead of watching TV in the evening, they spend much of their spare time reading books.
If you are a good reader, it won’t take you long to do the reading homework your teacher asks you to do. Then you will have time to read other books for fun. Because you read so well, you keep looking for more books to read.
While making up your mind to become a good writer, you had better say to yourself, “I must read more and more if I am really to become a good writer.”
31．If you want to be a good writer, you should ________.
A．go to school B．watch TV
C．look for more books D．read a lot
32．Which one is TRUE in the following sentences
A．To be a good writer, we shouldn’t watch TV.
B．Reading books wastes us too much time.
C．Be a good reader before becoming a good writer.
D．I must write more and more without reading any books.
33．What does the writer of this passage want to do
A．Introduce a good read to us.
B．Tell us how to be a good writer.
C．Tell us that writing is much more important than reading.
D．Tell us not to do the reading homework our teacher asks us to do.
Young people and older people don’t always agree. They sometimes have different ideas about living, working and playing. But in one special programme in New York State, adults and teenagers live together in a friendly way.
Each summer 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group. Everyone works several hours each day. They do so not just to keep busy but to find meaning and enjoyment in work. Some teenagers work in the woods or on the farms near the village. Some learn to make things like tables and chairs and build houses. The adults teach them these skills.
There are several free hours each day. Weekends are free, too. During the free hours some of the teenagers learn photo taking or painting. Others sit around and talk or sing. Each teenager chooses his own way to spend his free time.
When people live together, rules are necessary. In this programme the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group. They talk about it and ask, “Why did it happen What should we do about it ”
One of the teenagers has this to say about his experience, “You stop thinking only about yourself, You learn to think about the group.”
34．In one special programme in New York State, young and older people _______ .
A．don’t work well together.
B．are friendly to one another.
C．teach one another new ways of building houses.
D．spend eight weeks together, working as farmers..
35．All the members work some time every day mainly to _______ .
A．lead a busy life.
B．learn new skills of farming;
C．get used to the life on the farms
D．find value and pleasure in work
36．Living together, _________ .
A．the teenagers don’t have to obey(遵守) the rules
B．the teenagers have to obey the rules the adults make
C．the members have no free time on weekends
D．the members are not allowed to break the rules they make together
37．The last paragraph shows that the teenager thinks his experience in the programme is ____ .
A．unpleasant B．tiring
C．helping D．boring
38．The best title for the passage is __________ .
A．The rules of living together
B．Life in New York State
C．Teenagers in the special group
D．Free hours in the special work group
Remembering names is an important social skill．Here are some ways to master it．
Recite and repeat in conversation．
When you hear a person’s name，repeat it．Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips．You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial．
Ask the other person to recite and repeat．
You can let other people help you remember their names．After you’ve been introduced to someone，ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you．Most people will be pleased by the effort you’re making to learn their names．
Admit you don’t know．
Admitting that you can’t remember someone’s name can actually make people relaxed．Most of them will feel sympathy if you say．“I’m working to remember names better．Yours is right on the tip of my tongue．What is it again ”
Use associations．
Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual．For example，you could make a mental note: "Vicki Cheng -- tall, black hair.” To reinforce (加强) your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.
Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.
When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.
Go early.
Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That's fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others -- an automatic review for you.
39．How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names
A．They will be moved.
B．They will be annoyed.
C．They will be delighted.
D．They will be discouraged.
40．If you can't remember someone's name, you may __
A．tell him the truth
B．tell him a white lie
C．ask him for pity
D．ask others to help you
41．When you meet a group of people, it is better to remember _.
A．all their names
B．a couple of names first
C．just their last names
D．as many names as possible
42．What does the text mainly tell us
A．Tips on an important social skill.
B．Importance of attending parties.
C．How to make use of associations.
D．How to recite and repeat names
A friend of mine named Paul received（收到） an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present．On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office，a street urchin(顽童) was walking around the shining car．“Is this your car，Paul？”he asked． Paul answered，“Yes，my brother gave it to me for Christmas．”The boy was surprised（惊奇）．“You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn’t cost you anything？Boy，I wish…”He hesitated(犹豫)．
Of course， Paul knew what he was going to wish for（希望）．He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.
“I wish,” the boy went on，“that I could be a brother like that．”Paul looked at the boy in surprise, then he said again, “Would you like to take a ride in my car？”
“Oh yes，I’d love that．”
After a short ride，the boy turned and with his eyes shining，said，“Paul，would you mind （介意）driving in front of my house？”
Paul smiled a little．He thought he knew what the boy wanted．He wanted to show his neighbours that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. “Will you stop where those two steps are？ the boy asked．
He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled（残疾的） brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.
“There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’t cost him a cent（美分）. And some day I’m going to give you one just like it…then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas windows that I’ve been trying to tell you about.”
Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began an unforgettable（难忘的） holiday ride.
43．The street urchin was very surprised when ________．
A．Paul received an expensive car B．Paul told him about the car
C．he saw the shining car D．he was walking around the car
44．From the story we can see the urchin ________．
A．wished to give his brother a car B．wanted Paul’s brother to give him a car
C．wished he could have a brother like Paul’s D．wished Paul could be a brother like that
45．The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house ________．
A．to show his neighbours the big car B．to show he had a rich friend
C．to let his brother ride in the car D．to tell his brother about his wish
46．We can infer（推断）from the story that ________．
A．Paul couldn’t understand the urchin B．the urchin had a deep love for his brother
C．the urchin wished to have a rich brother D．the urchin’s wish came true in the end
单词拼写
47．My brother is a football fan and he is (狂热的) about football.
48．Most snakes are (活跃) in winter. They usually sleep through winter.
49．Unluckily, the whole building （停电）last night.
50． (曾经) we lived in London.
51．I have (已经) finished my homework. Let’s play basketball.
52．Many (气球) fly in the sky on National Day.
53．—Do you still take the bus to school
—No. Now I can come to school by underground of by bus.（代替）
54．All his friends (建议) him to stay in China, but finally he went to America for further study.
55．Is there a (可能的) chance of success
56．The whole house （停电）when we were watching TV last night.
任务型阅读
Everyone has to give gifts at some time or another, and Ms. Post tells us just what to do in each situation (情况). Whether it is a birthday party for a friend, or coworker, there are some basic rules the gift-giver and the receiver should follow.
Giving money is a trouble among gift-givers. “When is it proper (恰当) When is it rude ” Some people see a gift of money as a sign of a gift-giver who is too lazy to go out and find a proper gift. However, this is not always the case. Sometimes money is better than a gift that the receiver does not need or cannot use. For example, people who must live on a low income (收入) may find a small gift of money as a wonderful present. For those who are uncomfortable with giving cash, gift cards to popular stores may also be a good choice (选择).
Giving flowers can be a wonderful gift for both men and women. For occasions such as weddings and dinner parties, flowers are often required. When going to a dinner party, a host or hostess may not have the time to run off and find a vase for fresh-cut flowers to put in brought by a thoughtful guest. Bringing the flowers in a prepared vase can save the host or hostess the trouble. If a gift of flowers seems not so good for a man to receive, a plant is another choice the gift-giver may consider.
Sometimes, the person holding the party may make it clear that no gift is needed or wanted. It is common sense (常识) that guests should do so. Guests who bring a gift may seem rude. The giving of a gift in these situations will only make the host or hostess and the other guests who follow the host's or hostess’s suggestion uncomfortable. Be sure that you are not one of the rule-breakers.
57．What does the passage suggest as a good gift for a man instead of flowers
58．According to the passage, when shouldn’t guests bring a gift
59．Would you like to receive money as a gift on your birthday party Why or why not
短文填空
根据首字母提示完成短文。
Since last September, the policy (政策) called “Double Reduction” (双减) has been carried out nationwide. It aims to reduce (减少) students’ homework and the time that students spend on after-school training classes.
Some parents worry that the policy will l 60 to fewer grades because students will get l 61 help from after-school training classes. Also, they can no longer see their children’s rankings (排名) in each exam, which makes them not know which level their children are at in the class.
However, most primary and junior high school students think it gives t 62 more free time to go in for after-school activities. According to a report on the progress made through the “Double Reduction” policy, about 92.7% of schools have p 63 after-school art and sports classes for students so far. “W 64 homework is done at school, my child and I can read books and listen to music together in the evening, or we can go out to play badminton or skip rope,” said Lu Di, the parent of a fifth-grader in Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province.
Here are some useful ways to help students to get used to this big change if they don’t know w 65 to do with the new challenge of making the best use of their time after school. Firstly, students should listen c 66 in class and solve all the problems in the set time at school. What’s more, they should p 67 the start of the day well so that they can manage their time better. Thirdly, make s 68 the interests and hobbies that they develop won’t influence (影响) their study and health. Finally, it’s a good idea to help around the house or in the community to improve their life skills, responsibilities (责任心) as w 69 as confidence.
翻译
70．你们最好不要花太多时间在打游戏上。
71．他敲裂了水管，弄得他的房间里到处都是水。（fill … with … ）（汉译英）
72．如果老板改变了主意，请给我发一条短信。
73．我们的英语老师建议我们不要拼错单词。
八、书面表达
74．某英文报社以“The Earth is our home”为题，举行中学生征文活动。请根据以下信息写一篇英语短文，内容包括：地球目前的现状、造成这种现状的原因、我们应该采取的措施。
要求：1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2) 必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥；
2）词数：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）
3）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
The Earth is our home and we only have one Earth.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
16．C 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．D 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．C
【分析】文章是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个放债人又老又丑，但他喜欢可怜的人的美丽的女儿，想用不诚实的手段娶她为妻。但是这个女孩用聪明才智战胜了放债人。故事告诉我们遇到难题时要换一种方式考虑，大多数的难题都是有解决办法的。
16．句意：那个又老又丑的放债人爱着穷人美丽的女儿。
pleased使愉快；hated讨厌；loved爱；saw看到。通过下文“He said the poor man didn’t need to return the money to him if he could marry (嫁、娶)his daughter.”可知他爱着穷人美丽的女儿。故选C。
17．句意：他告诉可怜的人如果他可以和他的女儿结婚就不需要还钱给他。
if如果；and并且；so因此；but但是。通过“He said the poor man didn’t need to return the money to him”和“he could marry (嫁、娶)his daughter.”可知空格前后内容是假设关系。故选A。
18．句意：这个男人和他的女儿都很害怕。
bored无聊的；afraid害怕的； happy高兴的；excited兴奋的。通过浏览全文可知，这个男人和她的女儿想方设法不嫁给放债人，可知他们是感到害怕。故选B。
19．句意：然后放债人告诉他们，他会把一块黑色的小石头和一块白色的小石头放进一个空袋子里。
pink粉色；red红色；black黑色；yellow黄色。通过下文“If she took the black stone, she would become…she didn’t need to marry him and her father’s debt would sitll be let go.”可知，他和白色石头一起放入的是一块黑色的石头。故选C。
20．句意：女孩不得不选择一个。
one一个；it它；that那个；this这个。通过“If she took the black stone, she would become…she didn’t need to marry him and her father’s debt would sitll be let go.”可知女孩必须选一块石头。故选A。
21．句意：如果她拿到了黑石，她将成为放债人的妻子并且父亲的债务会一笔勾销。
daughter女儿；cousin堂兄弟；wife妻子；friend朋友。通过下文“she didn’t need to marry him”可知她如果拿到了黑石就会嫁给放债人。故选C。
22．句意：如果她选择了白色的石头，她就不需要嫁给他，她父亲的债务也依旧会被免除。
again又；still依然；never从不；hardly几乎不。通过上文“her father’s debt (债务) would be let go.”和下文女儿想方设法证明拿到的是白石可知，拿到白石的结果是债务依旧会被免除。故选B。
23．句意：当他这么做的时候，女孩注意到他在包里放了两块黑石头。
said说；worried担心；thought想；noticed注意到。通过下文“The girl thought for a while and then had an idea.”女孩是注意到他放了两块黑石。故选D。
24．句意：然后他让女孩从袋子里拿出她的石头。
bag包；ground地；box盒子；river河。通过上文“he put two black stones in the bag.”可知，是从袋子里拿石头。故选A。
25．句意：女孩想了一会儿，然后有了一个主意。
time时间；day日；while一会儿；hour小时。通过下文“She put her hand into the bag and took out a stone. ”可知，这个女孩是思考了一会儿。故选C。
26．句意：她没有看它一眼，就让它掉到小路上，在那里它立刻消失在所有其他石头中。
On在……上；About关于；For为了； Without没有。通过上文“the girl noticed that he put two black stones in the bag.”女孩知道袋子里是两块黑石，不会去看拿到的是什么石头。故选D。
27．句意：“哦!我真粗心。”她说。
worried担心的；clever聪明的；careless粗心的；lucky幸运的。通过上文“she let it fall onto the path where it immediately became lost among all the other stones”可知，她是故意让石头掉在里地上，为了不被人发现，她会说她真粗心来告诉别人她是不小心的。故选C。
28．句意：“不过没关系。如果你在袋子里找剩下的那块，你就能知道我拿到了哪块石头。”
tell告诉；listen听；ask问；hear听到。通过句意可知放债人看到了在袋子里的黑石就能知道女孩拿到了哪块石头。故选A。
29．句意：这个故事告诉有时候我们可以用一种不同的方式思考事情。
saying谚语；story故事；news新闻；man男人。通过浏览全文可知这是一个寓言故事。故选B。
30．句意：这个故事告诉我们有时候可以用一种不同的方式思考事情。
careful仔细的；funny可笑的；different不同的；normal常规的。通过浏览全文可知，这个女孩没有按照常规的方法去拿石头，而是想了一个不同寻常的办法战胜了放债者。故选C。
31．D 32．C 33．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了现在的一些学生想要成为作家，并且介绍成为一名作家应该怎么做。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段“Nearly all great writers read too long before they started to school, and read for hours and hours every day since they became good readers.”可知，如果想成为一名作家，应该大量阅读。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“I would like to remind (提醒) them that they will need to be good readers and to read a lot in order to be good writers.”可知，为了成为一名优秀的作家，需要成为一名合格的阅读者并且大量阅读，也就是说在成为作家之前要先成为阅读者。故选C。
33．主旨大意题。本文通篇介绍了应该怎么做才能成为一名作家。故选B。
34．B 35．D 36．D 37．C 38．A
【分析】本段主要通过讲述青少年和成年人在一起为共同完成一项任务，必须发挥团结协作的精神
34．细节理解题，根据对文中语句But in one special programme in New York State, adults and teenagers live together in a friendly way.的理解可知，这个项目的目的是让年轻人和老年人友好相处，故选B。
35．细节理解题,根据对文中语句Everyone works several hours each day. They do so not just to keep busy but to find meaning and enjoyment in work的理解可知在一起工作的目的是体会工作的乐趣，故选D。
36．细节理解题，根据短文语句In this programme the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group的理解可知团队协作很重要，故选D。
37．细节理解题，对文中最后一句可知青少年觉得他们的经历很有帮助，不要只考虑自己，更要为团队着想，故选C。
38．整体理解题，纵观全文主要阐述了集体生活的规则的活动，故选A。
39．C 40．A 41．B 42．A
【分析】试题分析：文章介绍记住（别人的）名字是非常重要的社交技巧，给出一些掌握该技巧的方法。
39．C细节题：文章第一个小标题后面的内容指出，当你很认真地试图记住对方的名字的时候，人们会很开心。选C
40．A细节题：文章的第二个小标题为Admit you don’t know.根据本段的内容，我们可以知道当我们忘记对方的姓名的时候，我们应该诚实地告诉对方真相。选A
41．B细节题：文章第四个小标题后的内容指明，不要试图去记住所有人的名字，事实上这很难做到，并且人们也并不期望你能记住。所以只要集中注意力记住其中一部分人的名字就可以了。B选项的意思和原文相符，所以为正确答案。
42．A主旨题：纵观全文，我们可以看出，作者写这篇文章的目的在于提出一些建议来帮助人们记名字，而记名字又是一项重要的社交技能。综上A选项符合题意。
考点：考查日常生活类短文
43．B 44．A 45．D 46．B
【分析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了一个小顽童见到保罗的哥哥送给他一辆汽车，也希望自己能做一个那样的哥哥，从而表现出了这个小男孩对弟弟的深深地爱。
43．细节理解题。根据下文“Is this your car，Paul？”he asked． Paul answered，“Yes，my brother gave it to me for Christmas．”The boy was surprised（惊奇）．“描述，可知选B。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段“I wish,”the boy went on，“that I could be a brother like that．描述，可知选A，这个男孩想做那样一个哥哥，送给自己弟弟一辆汽车。
45．细节理解题。根据最后一段And some day I’m going to give you one just like it…描述，可知选D。
46．综合理解题。通过阅读短文可知这个小男孩想送给自己残疾的弟弟一辆汽车，从而让他能自己看到所有的好东西，可见这个男孩很爱自己的弟弟，故选B。
47．crazy
【详解】句意：我哥哥是个足球迷，他对足球很着迷。根据中文提示，可知单词为：crazy adj.狂热的。固定短语：be crazy about“对……狂热”符合语境，故填crazy。
48．inactive
【详解】句意：大多数蛇在冬天不活跃。它们通常整个冬天都在睡觉。active“活跃的”。根据“They usually sleep through winter.”可知冬眠应是不活跃，inactive“不活跃”。故填inactive。
49．had a power cut
【详解】句意：不幸的是，昨晚整栋楼都停电了。“停电”是动词短语have a power cut。根据“last night”可知句子应用一般过去时，动词have的过去式为had。故填had a power cut。
50．Once
【详解】句意：我们曾经住在伦敦。根据once曾经，通常用于过去时态，ever曾经，通常用于现在完成时态；故填Once。
51．already
【详解】句意：我已经做完作业了。让我们打篮球。already“已经”，副词，通常用于肯定句，故填already。
52．balloons
【详解】句意：国庆节许多气球在天空中飞。balloon“气球”，是名词，有many修饰，用复数名词，故填balloons。
53．instead
【详解】句意：——你还坐公共汽车上学吗？——不，现在我可以坐地铁而不是公共汽车来学校了。根据汉语提示以及空格后的of可知，本题考查短语instead of“代替，而不是”。故填instead。
54．advised
【详解】句意：他所有的朋友都建议他留在中国，但最后他还是去了美国深造。advise建议，动词；advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事，固定结构；分析句子可知，本句是含but的并列复合句，前后时态需一致；前半句缺谓语动词，由后半句went是过去式，可知设空处需用动词过去式，故填advised。
55．possible
【详解】句意：有可能成功的机会吗？根据形容词修饰名词chance，作定语；故填possible。
56．had a power cut
【详解】句意：昨晚我们看电视时，整个房子都停电了。have a power cut表示“停电”，根据“last night.”可知句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填had a power cut。
57．A plant. 58．When the person holding the party makes it clear that no gift is needed or wanted. 59．(Possible answers) Yes. Because I can use the money to buy things I really need./No. Because I think the gift-giver seems too lazy.
【分析】本文主要介绍了一些关于送礼物需要注意的地方。每个人都得时不时地送礼物，波斯特女士告诉我们每种情况下该怎么做。送礼物的人和收礼物的人都应该遵守一些基本规则。
57．根据第三段最后一句“If a gift of flowers seems not so good for a man to receive, a plant is another choice the gift-giver may consider.”可知，如果鲜花的礼物对一个人来说不是那么好，那么植物是送礼者可能考虑的另一个选择。故填A plant。
58．根据最后一段前两句“Sometimes, the person holding the party may make it clear that no gift is needed or wanted. It is common sense (常识) that guests should do so.”可知，有时，举办聚会的人可能会明确表示不需要或不想要礼物。客人应该这样做，这是常识。故填When the person holding the party makes it clear that no gift is needed or wanted.
59．开放性作答，言之有理即可。根据第二段中的“Some people see a gift of money as a sign of a gift-giver who is too lazy to go out and find a proper gift. However, this is not always the case. Sometimes money is better than a gift that the receiver does not need or cannot use.”可知，有些人认为送钱礼物是送礼物的人太懒了，不想出去找合适的礼物。然而，情况并非总是如此。有时金钱比收礼人不需要或不能使用的礼物更好。因此，我想在生日聚会上收到钱作为礼物，因为我可以用钱去买我真正需要的东西。/我不想在生日聚会上收到钱作为礼物，因为我认为送礼物的人似乎太懒了。故填Yes. Because I can use the money to buy things I really need./No. Because I think the gift-giver seems too lazy.
60．(l)ead 61．(l)ess 62．(t)hem 63．(p)rovided 64．(W)hen 65．(w)hat 66．(c)arefully 67．(p)lan 68．(s)ure 69．(w)ell
【导语】本文主要介绍了父母以及学生对于“双减”政策的看法，并介绍了一些适应这种变化的方法。
60．句意：一些家长担心，这项政策会导致学生成绩下降，因为学生从课后培训班得到的帮助会减少。根据“the policy will...to fewer grades”可知“双减”政策会导致成绩下降，lead to“导致”，will后加动词原形。故填(l)ead。
61．句意：一些家长担心，这项政策会导致学生成绩下降，因为学生从课后培训班得到的帮助会减少。根据“help from after-school training classes”以及首字母可知学生成绩下降，因为他们得到的帮助更少，故此处用比较级less修饰不可数名词help。故填(l)ess。
62．句意：然而，大多数小学和初中学生认为这给了他们更多的空闲时间去参加课外活动。根据“most primary and junior high school students think it gives...more free time”以及首字母可知这给了中小学生更多时间，用代词宾格them“他们”。故填(t)hem。
63．句意：到目前为止，约92.7%的学校为学生提供了课后艺术和体育课。根据“after-school art and sports classes for students”以及首字母可知是为学生提供艺术课和体育课，provide“提供”，此处用过去分词和助动词have构成现在完成时。故填(p)rovided。
64．句意：当在学校完成家庭作业时，我和孩子可以在晚上一起看书听音乐，或者我们可以出去打羽毛球或跳绳。根据“homework is done at school”以及首字母可知是当作业完成后，用when引导时间状语从句。故填(W)hen。
65．句意：以下是一些有用的方法，帮助学生适应这一巨大变化，如果他们不知道如何应对最充分利用课余时间这一新挑战。根据“if they don’t know...to do with the new challenge”以及首字母可知是不知道如何应对挑战，what to do with...“如何应对”。故填(w)hat。
66．句意：首先，学生应该在课堂上认真听讲，在规定的时间内解决所有问题。根据“listen...in class”以及首字母可知在课堂上认真听讲，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填(c)arefully。
67．句意：此外，他们应该好好计划一天的开始，以便更好地管理时间。根据“the start of the day well so that they can manage their time better”以及首字母可知，做好计划能够更好地管理时间，plan“计划”，should后加动词原形。故填(p)lan。
68．句意：确保他们培养的兴趣和爱好不会影响他们的学习和健康。根据“make...the interests and hobbies that they develop won’t influence (影响) their study and health”以及首字母可知要确保兴趣爱好不影响学习和健康，make sure“确保”。故填(s)ure。
69．句意：在家里或社区里帮助他们提高生活技能、责任感和自信心是个好主意。根据“improve their life skills, responsibilities (责任心) as...as confidence”以及首字母可知能提高生活技能、责任心和自信心，as well as“和”。故填(w)ell。
70．You’d better not spend too much time playing computer games.
【详解】you你们；had better not do sth.最好不要做某事；spend花费，spend使用动词原形；too much time太多时间；spend too much time (in) doing sth.花费太多时间做某事；play computer games打游戏，play使用动名词形式。故填You’d better not spend too much time playing computer games.
71．He hit a pipe and filled the room with water.
【详解】他：he；敲裂：hit；水管：pipe；用……填满：fill ... with；他的房间：his room；水：water。结合语境可知，此题为陈述句，时态为一般过去时，表示发生过的事情，谓语用过去式。主语he，谓语hit和filled，两者并列用and连接，都用过去式，a pipe作hit的宾语，his room作filled的宾语，放在filled的后面，water作with的宾语，放在with的后面。故填He hit a pipe and filled the room with water.
72．If the boss changes his mind, please send me a text message/send a text message to me.
【详解】如果：if，引导条件状语从句；老板：the boss；改变主意：change his mind；请：please；给我发一条短信：send me a text message/send a text message to me。本句是if条件句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主语boss是单数第三人称，动词change需用三单形式；主句是祈使句，动词用原形，故填If the boss changes his mind, please send me a text message/send a text message to me。
73．Our English teacher advised us not to spell the words wrong.
【详解】我们的：our；英语老师：English teacher；拼写：spell；单词：word；错误：wrong。advise sb not to do sth表示“建议某人不要做某事”，又根据题干内容可知句子可用一般过去时，因此用过去式advised。spell the words wrong表示“拼错单词”。故填Our English teacher advised us not to spell the words wrong.
74．One possible version:
The Earth is our home
The Earth is our home and we only have one Earth. However, our earth is in danger now. More and more natural disasters happen around the world every year. People cut down too many trees to make space for buildings and farmlands. Animals are in danger, too. People kill them for their fur, bones and some other parts of the body. It’s time for us to save the earth now. First, the government should make laws to stop these people. Second, we shouldn’t buy fur coats any more. Last, we should live a green life to save energy. In these ways, our earth will be better.
【详解】1.题干解读：本篇书面表达属于材料作文。要求以中学生的身份写一篇关于保护地球的作文，题目是“The Earth is our home”。文章内容要从三个方面展开：地球目前的现状、造成这种现状的原因、我们应该采取的措施；同时对这三个方面进行展开时，还需要包含文章所给的思维导图中的所有提示信息，学生们在此基础上对提示信息再进行合理地拓展，把文章写得更具体、更充实。
2.写作指导：写作时应注意以下几点：第一点：写作时应用一般现在时，结合第一人称和第三人称展开叙述。第二点：写作时要承接开头，先写地球的现状和造成这种现状的原因，再写应该采取的措施。第三点：内容要包含所要求展开的三个方面以及图中的提示信息，并在此基础上选用合适的连词、短语和句型来进行串联和拓展。第四点：文章做到思路清晰，层次分明，要点齐全；行文要语句通顺，符合逻辑关系；无语法、单词拼写和标点错误。
完形填空
Hundreds of years ago in a small town, a moneylender(放债者) lent a lot of money to a poor man. The moneylender, who was old and ugly, 16 the poor man’s beautiful daughter. So he came up with an idea. He said the poor man didn’t need to return the money to him 17 he could marry(嫁、娶)his daughter. Both the man and his daughter were 18 .
The moneylender then told them that he would put a small 19 stone and a small white stone into an empty bag. The girl would have to choose 20 . If she took the black stone, she would become the moneylender’s 21 and her father’s debt(债务) would be let go. If she picked the white stone, she didn’t need to marry him and her father’s debt would 22 be let go. Her father would be put into prison(监狱) if she refused to pick a stone.
As they talked, the moneylender picked up two stones. As he did that, the girl 23 that he put two black stones in the bag. He then asked the girl to pick her stone from the 24 .
The girl thought for a 25 and then had an idea. She put her hand into the bag and took out a stone. 26 looking at it, she let it fall onto the path where it immediately became lost among all the other stones. “Oh how 27 I was!” she said, “But never mind. If you look into the bag for the one that is left, you will be able to 28 which stone I picked.” This 29 tells: Sometimes we can think about things in a 30 way. Most difficult problems do have a solution.
16．A．pleased B．hated C．loved D．saw
17．A．if B．and C．so D．but
18．A．bored B．afraid C．happy D．excited
19．A．pink B．red C．black D．yellow
20．A．one B．it C．that D．this
21．A．daughter B．cousin C．wife D．friend
22．A．again B．still C．never D．hardly
23．A．said B．worried C．thought D．noticed
24．A．bag B．ground C．box D．river
25．A．time B．day C．while D．hour
26．A．On B．About C．For D．Without
27．A．worried B．clever C．careless D．lucky
28．A．tell B．listen C．ask D．hear
29．A．saying B．story C．news D．man
30．A．careful B．funny C．different D．normal
阅读理解
Some children think writers are great and they can tell people a lot. So they also wish to be writers some day. They mean that they want to write stories or books which many persons will read. I would like to remind (提醒) them that they will need to be good readers and to read a lot in order to be good writers.
Nearly all great writers read too long before they started to school, and read for hours and hours every day since they became good readers. Instead of watching TV in the evening, they spend much of their spare time reading books.
If you are a good reader, it won’t take you long to do the reading homework your teacher asks you to do. Then you will have time to read other books for fun. Because you read so well, you keep looking for more books to read.
While making up your mind to become a good writer, you had better say to yourself, “I must read more and more if I am really to become a good writer.”
31．If you want to be a good writer, you should ________.
A．go to school B．watch TV
C．look for more books D．read a lot
32．Which one is TRUE in the following sentences
A．To be a good writer, we shouldn’t watch TV.
B．Reading books wastes us too much time.
C．Be a good reader before becoming a good writer.
D．I must write more and more without reading any books.
33．What does the writer of this passage want to do
A．Introduce a good read to us.
B．Tell us how to be a good writer.
C．Tell us that writing is much more important than reading.
D．Tell us not to do the reading homework our teacher asks us to do.
Young people and older people don’t always agree. They sometimes have different ideas about living, working and playing. But in one special programme in New York State, adults and teenagers live together in a friendly way.
Each summer 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group. Everyone works several hours each day. They do so not just to keep busy but to find meaning and enjoyment in work. Some teenagers work in the woods or on the farms near the village. Some learn to make things like tables and chairs and build houses. The adults teach them these skills.
There are several free hours each day. Weekends are free, too. During the free hours some of the teenagers learn photo taking or painting. Others sit around and talk or sing. Each teenager chooses his own way to spend his free time.
When people live together, rules are necessary. In this programme the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group. They talk about it and ask, “Why did it happen What should we do about it ”
One of the teenagers has this to say about his experience, “You stop thinking only about yourself, You learn to think about the group.”
34．In one special programme in New York State, young and older people _______ .
A．don’t work well together.
B．are friendly to one another.
C．teach one another new ways of building houses.
D．spend eight weeks together, working as farmers..
35．All the members work some time every day mainly to _______ .
A．lead a busy life.
B．learn new skills of farming;
C．get used to the life on the farms
D．find value and pleasure in work
36．Living together, _________ .
A．the teenagers don’t have to obey(遵守) the rules
B．the teenagers have to obey the rules the adults make
C．the members have no free time on weekends
D．the members are not allowed to break the rules they make together
37．The last paragraph shows that the teenager thinks his experience in the programme is ____ .
A．unpleasant B．tiring
C．helping D．boring
38．The best title for the passage is __________ .
A．The rules of living together
B．Life in New York State
C．Teenagers in the special group
D．Free hours in the special work group
Remembering names is an important social skill．Here are some ways to master it．
Recite and repeat in conversation．
When you hear a person’s name，repeat it．Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips．You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial．
Ask the other person to recite and repeat．
You can let other people help you remember their names．After you’ve been introduced to someone，ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you．Most people will be pleased by the effort you’re making to learn their names．
Admit you don’t know．
Admitting that you can’t remember someone’s name can actually make people relaxed．Most of them will feel sympathy if you say．“I’m working to remember names better．Yours is right on the tip of my tongue．What is it again ”
Use associations．
Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual．For example，you could make a mental note: "Vicki Cheng -- tall, black hair.” To reinforce (加强) your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.
Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.
When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.
Go early.
Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That's fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others -- an automatic review for you.
39．How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names
A．They will be moved.
B．They will be annoyed.
C．They will be delighted.
D．They will be discouraged.
40．If you can't remember someone's name, you may __
A．tell him the truth
B．tell him a white lie
C．ask him for pity
D．ask others to help you
41．When you meet a group of people, it is better to remember _.
A．all their names
B．a couple of names first
C．just their last names
D．as many names as possible
42．What does the text mainly tell us
A．Tips on an important social skill.
B．Importance of attending parties.
C．How to make use of associations.
D．How to recite and repeat names
A friend of mine named Paul received（收到） an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present．On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office，a street urchin(顽童) was walking around the shining car．“Is this your car，Paul？”he asked． Paul answered，“Yes，my brother gave it to me for Christmas．”The boy was surprised（惊奇）．“You mean your brother gave it to you and it didn’t cost you anything？Boy，I wish…”He hesitated(犹豫)．
Of course， Paul knew what he was going to wish for（希望）．He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.
“I wish,” the boy went on，“that I could be a brother like that．”Paul looked at the boy in surprise, then he said again, “Would you like to take a ride in my car？”
“Oh yes，I’d love that．”
After a short ride，the boy turned and with his eyes shining，said，“Paul，would you mind （介意）driving in front of my house？”
Paul smiled a little．He thought he knew what the boy wanted．He wanted to show his neighbours that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. “Will you stop where those two steps are？ the boy asked．
He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled（残疾的） brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.
“There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn’t cost him a cent（美分）. And some day I’m going to give you one just like it…then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas windows that I’ve been trying to tell you about.”
Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began an unforgettable（难忘的） holiday ride.
43．The street urchin was very surprised when ________．
A．Paul received an expensive car B．Paul told him about the car
C．he saw the shining car D．he was walking around the car
44．From the story we can see the urchin ________．
A．wished to give his brother a car B．wanted Paul’s brother to give him a car
C．wished he could have a brother like Paul’s D．wished Paul could be a brother like that
45．The urchin asked Paul to stop his car in front of his house ________．
A．to show his neighbours the big car B．to show he had a rich friend
C．to let his brother ride in the car D．to tell his brother about his wish
46．We can infer（推断）from the story that ________．
A．Paul couldn’t understand the urchin B．the urchin had a deep love for his brother
C．the urchin wished to have a rich brother D．the urchin’s wish came true in the end
单词拼写
47．My brother is a football fan and he is (狂热的) about football.
48．Most snakes are (活跃) in winter. They usually sleep through winter.
49．Unluckily, the whole building （停电）last night.
50． (曾经) we lived in London.
51．I have (已经) finished my homework. Let’s play basketball.
52．Many (气球) fly in the sky on National Day.
53．—Do you still take the bus to school
—No. Now I can come to school by underground of by bus.（代替）
54．All his friends (建议) him to stay in China, but finally he went to America for further study.
55．Is there a (可能的) chance of success
56．The whole house （停电）when we were watching TV last night.
任务型阅读
Everyone has to give gifts at some time or another, and Ms. Post tells us just what to do in each situation (情况). Whether it is a birthday party for a friend, or coworker, there are some basic rules the gift-giver and the receiver should follow.
Giving money is a trouble among gift-givers. “When is it proper (恰当) When is it rude ” Some people see a gift of money as a sign of a gift-giver who is too lazy to go out and find a proper gift. However, this is not always the case. Sometimes money is better than a gift that the receiver does not need or cannot use. For example, people who must live on a low income (收入) may find a small gift of money as a wonderful present. For those who are uncomfortable with giving cash, gift cards to popular stores may also be a good choice (选择).
Giving flowers can be a wonderful gift for both men and women. For occasions such as weddings and dinner parties, flowers are often required. When going to a dinner party, a host or hostess may not have the time to run off and find a vase for fresh-cut flowers to put in brought by a thoughtful guest. Bringing the flowers in a prepared vase can save the host or hostess the trouble. If a gift of flowers seems not so good for a man to receive, a plant is another choice the gift-giver may consider.
Sometimes, the person holding the party may make it clear that no gift is needed or wanted. It is common sense (常识) that guests should do so. Guests who bring a gift may seem rude. The giving of a gift in these situations will only make the host or hostess and the other guests who follow the host's or hostess’s suggestion uncomfortable. Be sure that you are not one of the rule-breakers.
57．What does the passage suggest as a good gift for a man instead of flowers
58．According to the passage, when shouldn’t guests bring a gift
59．Would you like to receive money as a gift on your birthday party Why or why not
短文填空
根据首字母提示完成短文。
Since last September, the policy (政策) called “Double Reduction” (双减) has been carried out nationwide. It aims to reduce (减少) students’ homework and the time that students spend on after-school training classes.
Some parents worry that the policy will l 60 to fewer grades because students will get l 61 help from after-school training classes. Also, they can no longer see their children’s rankings (排名) in each exam, which makes them not know which level their children are at in the class.
However, most primary and junior high school students think it gives t 62 more free time to go in for after-school activities. According to a report on the progress made through the “Double Reduction” policy, about 92.7% of schools have p 63 after-school art and sports classes for students so far. “W 64 homework is done at school, my child and I can read books and listen to music together in the evening, or we can go out to play badminton or skip rope,” said Lu Di, the parent of a fifth-grader in Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province.
Here are some useful ways to help students to get used to this big change if they don’t know w 65 to do with the new challenge of making the best use of their time after school. Firstly, students should listen c 66 in class and solve all the problems in the set time at school. What’s more, they should p 67 the start of the day well so that they can manage their time better. Thirdly, make s 68 the interests and hobbies that they develop won’t influence (影响) their study and health. Finally, it’s a good idea to help around the house or in the community to improve their life skills, responsibilities (责任心) as w 69 as confidence.
翻译
70．你们最好不要花太多时间在打游戏上。
71．他敲裂了水管，弄得他的房间里到处都是水。（fill … with … ）（汉译英）
72．如果老板改变了主意，请给我发一条短信。
73．我们的英语老师建议我们不要拼错单词。
八、书面表达
74．某英文报社以“The Earth is our home”为题，举行中学生征文活动。请根据以下信息写一篇英语短文，内容包括：地球目前的现状、造成这种现状的原因、我们应该采取的措施。
要求：1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2) 必须包括提示中的所有信息，并按要求适当发挥；
2）词数：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）
3）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
The Earth is our home and we only have one Earth.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
16．C 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．D 27．C 28．A 29．B 30．C
【分析】文章是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个放债人又老又丑，但他喜欢可怜的人的美丽的女儿，想用不诚实的手段娶她为妻。但是这个女孩用聪明才智战胜了放债人。故事告诉我们遇到难题时要换一种方式考虑，大多数的难题都是有解决办法的。
16．句意：那个又老又丑的放债人爱着穷人美丽的女儿。
pleased使愉快；hated讨厌；loved爱；saw看到。通过下文“He said the poor man didn’t need to return the money to him if he could marry (嫁、娶)his daughter.”可知他爱着穷人美丽的女儿。故选C。
17．句意：他告诉可怜的人如果他可以和他的女儿结婚就不需要还钱给他。
if如果；and并且；so因此；but但是。通过“He said the poor man didn’t need to return the money to him”和“he could marry (嫁、娶)his daughter.”可知空格前后内容是假设关系。故选A。
18．句意：这个男人和他的女儿都很害怕。
bored无聊的；afraid害怕的； happy高兴的；excited兴奋的。通过浏览全文可知，这个男人和她的女儿想方设法不嫁给放债人，可知他们是感到害怕。故选B。
19．句意：然后放债人告诉他们，他会把一块黑色的小石头和一块白色的小石头放进一个空袋子里。
pink粉色；red红色；black黑色；yellow黄色。通过下文“If she took the black stone, she would become…she didn’t need to marry him and her father’s debt would sitll be let go.”可知，他和白色石头一起放入的是一块黑色的石头。故选C。
20．句意：女孩不得不选择一个。
one一个；it它；that那个；this这个。通过“If she took the black stone, she would become…she didn’t need to marry him and her father’s debt would sitll be let go.”可知女孩必须选一块石头。故选A。
21．句意：如果她拿到了黑石，她将成为放债人的妻子并且父亲的债务会一笔勾销。
daughter女儿；cousin堂兄弟；wife妻子；friend朋友。通过下文“she didn’t need to marry him”可知她如果拿到了黑石就会嫁给放债人。故选C。
22．句意：如果她选择了白色的石头，她就不需要嫁给他，她父亲的债务也依旧会被免除。
again又；still依然；never从不；hardly几乎不。通过上文“her father’s debt (债务) would be let go.”和下文女儿想方设法证明拿到的是白石可知，拿到白石的结果是债务依旧会被免除。故选B。
23．句意：当他这么做的时候，女孩注意到他在包里放了两块黑石头。
said说；worried担心；thought想；noticed注意到。通过下文“The girl thought for a while and then had an idea.”女孩是注意到他放了两块黑石。故选D。
24．句意：然后他让女孩从袋子里拿出她的石头。
bag包；ground地；box盒子；river河。通过上文“he put two black stones in the bag.”可知，是从袋子里拿石头。故选A。
25．句意：女孩想了一会儿，然后有了一个主意。
time时间；day日；while一会儿；hour小时。通过下文“She put her hand into the bag and took out a stone. ”可知，这个女孩是思考了一会儿。故选C。
26．句意：她没有看它一眼，就让它掉到小路上，在那里它立刻消失在所有其他石头中。
On在……上；About关于；For为了； Without没有。通过上文“the girl noticed that he put two black stones in the bag.”女孩知道袋子里是两块黑石，不会去看拿到的是什么石头。故选D。
27．句意：“哦!我真粗心。”她说。
worried担心的；clever聪明的；careless粗心的；lucky幸运的。通过上文“she let it fall onto the path where it immediately became lost among all the other stones”可知，她是故意让石头掉在里地上，为了不被人发现，她会说她真粗心来告诉别人她是不小心的。故选C。
28．句意：“不过没关系。如果你在袋子里找剩下的那块，你就能知道我拿到了哪块石头。”
tell告诉；listen听；ask问；hear听到。通过句意可知放债人看到了在袋子里的黑石就能知道女孩拿到了哪块石头。故选A。
29．句意：这个故事告诉有时候我们可以用一种不同的方式思考事情。
saying谚语；story故事；news新闻；man男人。通过浏览全文可知这是一个寓言故事。故选B。
30．句意：这个故事告诉我们有时候可以用一种不同的方式思考事情。
careful仔细的；funny可笑的；different不同的；normal常规的。通过浏览全文可知，这个女孩没有按照常规的方法去拿石头，而是想了一个不同寻常的办法战胜了放债者。故选C。
31．D 32．C 33．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了现在的一些学生想要成为作家，并且介绍成为一名作家应该怎么做。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段“Nearly all great writers read too long before they started to school, and read for hours and hours every day since they became good readers.”可知，如果想成为一名作家，应该大量阅读。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“I would like to remind (提醒) them that they will need to be good readers and to read a lot in order to be good writers.”可知，为了成为一名优秀的作家，需要成为一名合格的阅读者并且大量阅读，也就是说在成为作家之前要先成为阅读者。故选C。
33．主旨大意题。本文通篇介绍了应该怎么做才能成为一名作家。故选B。
34．B 35．D 36．D 37．C 38．A
【分析】本段主要通过讲述青少年和成年人在一起为共同完成一项任务，必须发挥团结协作的精神
34．细节理解题，根据对文中语句But in one special programme in New York State, adults and teenagers live together in a friendly way.的理解可知，这个项目的目的是让年轻人和老年人友好相处，故选B。
35．细节理解题,根据对文中语句Everyone works several hours each day. They do so not just to keep busy but to find meaning and enjoyment in work的理解可知在一起工作的目的是体会工作的乐趣，故选D。
36．细节理解题，根据短文语句In this programme the teenagers and the adults make the rules together. If someone breaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group的理解可知团队协作很重要，故选D。
37．细节理解题，对文中最后一句可知青少年觉得他们的经历很有帮助，不要只考虑自己，更要为团队着想，故选C。
38．整体理解题，纵观全文主要阐述了集体生活的规则的活动，故选A。
39．C 40．A 41．B 42．A
【分析】试题分析：文章介绍记住（别人的）名字是非常重要的社交技巧，给出一些掌握该技巧的方法。
39．C细节题：文章第一个小标题后面的内容指出，当你很认真地试图记住对方的名字的时候，人们会很开心。选C
40．A细节题：文章的第二个小标题为Admit you don’t know.根据本段的内容，我们可以知道当我们忘记对方的姓名的时候，我们应该诚实地告诉对方真相。选A
41．B细节题：文章第四个小标题后的内容指明，不要试图去记住所有人的名字，事实上这很难做到，并且人们也并不期望你能记住。所以只要集中注意力记住其中一部分人的名字就可以了。B选项的意思和原文相符，所以为正确答案。
42．A主旨题：纵观全文，我们可以看出，作者写这篇文章的目的在于提出一些建议来帮助人们记名字，而记名字又是一项重要的社交技能。综上A选项符合题意。
考点：考查日常生活类短文
43．B 44．A 45．D 46．B
【分析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了一个小顽童见到保罗的哥哥送给他一辆汽车，也希望自己能做一个那样的哥哥，从而表现出了这个小男孩对弟弟的深深地爱。
43．细节理解题。根据下文“Is this your car，Paul？”he asked． Paul answered，“Yes，my brother gave it to me for Christmas．”The boy was surprised（惊奇）．“描述，可知选B。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段“I wish,”the boy went on，“that I could be a brother like that．描述，可知选A，这个男孩想做那样一个哥哥，送给自己弟弟一辆汽车。
45．细节理解题。根据最后一段And some day I’m going to give you one just like it…描述，可知选D。
46．综合理解题。通过阅读短文可知这个小男孩想送给自己残疾的弟弟一辆汽车，从而让他能自己看到所有的好东西，可见这个男孩很爱自己的弟弟，故选B。
47．crazy
【详解】句意：我哥哥是个足球迷，他对足球很着迷。根据中文提示，可知单词为：crazy adj.狂热的。固定短语：be crazy about“对……狂热”符合语境，故填crazy。
48．inactive
【详解】句意：大多数蛇在冬天不活跃。它们通常整个冬天都在睡觉。active“活跃的”。根据“They usually sleep through winter.”可知冬眠应是不活跃，inactive“不活跃”。故填inactive。
49．had a power cut
【详解】句意：不幸的是，昨晚整栋楼都停电了。“停电”是动词短语have a power cut。根据“last night”可知句子应用一般过去时，动词have的过去式为had。故填had a power cut。
50．Once
【详解】句意：我们曾经住在伦敦。根据once曾经，通常用于过去时态，ever曾经，通常用于现在完成时态；故填Once。
51．already
【详解】句意：我已经做完作业了。让我们打篮球。already“已经”，副词，通常用于肯定句，故填already。
52．balloons
【详解】句意：国庆节许多气球在天空中飞。balloon“气球”，是名词，有many修饰，用复数名词，故填balloons。
53．instead
【详解】句意：——你还坐公共汽车上学吗？——不，现在我可以坐地铁而不是公共汽车来学校了。根据汉语提示以及空格后的of可知，本题考查短语instead of“代替，而不是”。故填instead。
54．advised
【详解】句意：他所有的朋友都建议他留在中国，但最后他还是去了美国深造。advise建议，动词；advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事，固定结构；分析句子可知，本句是含but的并列复合句，前后时态需一致；前半句缺谓语动词，由后半句went是过去式，可知设空处需用动词过去式，故填advised。
55．possible
【详解】句意：有可能成功的机会吗？根据形容词修饰名词chance，作定语；故填possible。
56．had a power cut
【详解】句意：昨晚我们看电视时，整个房子都停电了。have a power cut表示“停电”，根据“last night.”可知句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填had a power cut。
57．A plant. 58．When the person holding the party makes it clear that no gift is needed or wanted. 59．(Possible answers) Yes. Because I can use the money to buy things I really need./No. Because I think the gift-giver seems too lazy.
【分析】本文主要介绍了一些关于送礼物需要注意的地方。每个人都得时不时地送礼物，波斯特女士告诉我们每种情况下该怎么做。送礼物的人和收礼物的人都应该遵守一些基本规则。
57．根据第三段最后一句“If a gift of flowers seems not so good for a man to receive, a plant is another choice the gift-giver may consider.”可知，如果鲜花的礼物对一个人来说不是那么好，那么植物是送礼者可能考虑的另一个选择。故填A plant。
58．根据最后一段前两句“Sometimes, the person holding the party may make it clear that no gift is needed or wanted. It is common sense (常识) that guests should do so.”可知，有时，举办聚会的人可能会明确表示不需要或不想要礼物。客人应该这样做，这是常识。故填When the person holding the party makes it clear that no gift is needed or wanted.
59．开放性作答，言之有理即可。根据第二段中的“Some people see a gift of money as a sign of a gift-giver who is too lazy to go out and find a proper gift. However, this is not always the case. Sometimes money is better than a gift that the receiver does not need or cannot use.”可知，有些人认为送钱礼物是送礼物的人太懒了，不想出去找合适的礼物。然而，情况并非总是如此。有时金钱比收礼人不需要或不能使用的礼物更好。因此，我想在生日聚会上收到钱作为礼物，因为我可以用钱去买我真正需要的东西。/我不想在生日聚会上收到钱作为礼物，因为我认为送礼物的人似乎太懒了。故填Yes. Because I can use the money to buy things I really need./No. Because I think the gift-giver seems too lazy.
60．(l)ead 61．(l)ess 62．(t)hem 63．(p)rovided 64．(W)hen 65．(w)hat 66．(c)arefully 67．(p)lan 68．(s)ure 69．(w)ell
【导语】本文主要介绍了父母以及学生对于“双减”政策的看法，并介绍了一些适应这种变化的方法。
60．句意：一些家长担心，这项政策会导致学生成绩下降，因为学生从课后培训班得到的帮助会减少。根据“the policy will...to fewer grades”可知“双减”政策会导致成绩下降，lead to“导致”，will后加动词原形。故填(l)ead。
61．句意：一些家长担心，这项政策会导致学生成绩下降，因为学生从课后培训班得到的帮助会减少。根据“help from after-school training classes”以及首字母可知学生成绩下降，因为他们得到的帮助更少，故此处用比较级less修饰不可数名词help。故填(l)ess。
62．句意：然而，大多数小学和初中学生认为这给了他们更多的空闲时间去参加课外活动。根据“most primary and junior high school students think it gives...more free time”以及首字母可知这给了中小学生更多时间，用代词宾格them“他们”。故填(t)hem。
63．句意：到目前为止，约92.7%的学校为学生提供了课后艺术和体育课。根据“after-school art and sports classes for students”以及首字母可知是为学生提供艺术课和体育课，provide“提供”，此处用过去分词和助动词have构成现在完成时。故填(p)rovided。
64．句意：当在学校完成家庭作业时，我和孩子可以在晚上一起看书听音乐，或者我们可以出去打羽毛球或跳绳。根据“homework is done at school”以及首字母可知是当作业完成后，用when引导时间状语从句。故填(W)hen。
65．句意：以下是一些有用的方法，帮助学生适应这一巨大变化，如果他们不知道如何应对最充分利用课余时间这一新挑战。根据“if they don’t know...to do with the new challenge”以及首字母可知是不知道如何应对挑战，what to do with...“如何应对”。故填(w)hat。
66．句意：首先，学生应该在课堂上认真听讲，在规定的时间内解决所有问题。根据“listen...in class”以及首字母可知在课堂上认真听讲，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填(c)arefully。
67．句意：此外，他们应该好好计划一天的开始，以便更好地管理时间。根据“the start of the day well so that they can manage their time better”以及首字母可知，做好计划能够更好地管理时间，plan“计划”，should后加动词原形。故填(p)lan。
68．句意：确保他们培养的兴趣和爱好不会影响他们的学习和健康。根据“make...the interests and hobbies that they develop won’t influence (影响) their study and health”以及首字母可知要确保兴趣爱好不影响学习和健康，make sure“确保”。故填(s)ure。
69．句意：在家里或社区里帮助他们提高生活技能、责任感和自信心是个好主意。根据“improve their life skills, responsibilities (责任心) as...as confidence”以及首字母可知能提高生活技能、责任心和自信心，as well as“和”。故填(w)ell。
70．You’d better not spend too much time playing computer games.
【详解】you你们；had better not do sth.最好不要做某事；spend花费，spend使用动词原形；too much time太多时间；spend too much time (in) doing sth.花费太多时间做某事；play computer games打游戏，play使用动名词形式。故填You’d better not spend too much time playing computer games.
71．He hit a pipe and filled the room with water.
【详解】他：he；敲裂：hit；水管：pipe；用……填满：fill ... with；他的房间：his room；水：water。结合语境可知，此题为陈述句，时态为一般过去时，表示发生过的事情，谓语用过去式。主语he，谓语hit和filled，两者并列用and连接，都用过去式，a pipe作hit的宾语，his room作filled的宾语，放在filled的后面，water作with的宾语，放在with的后面。故填He hit a pipe and filled the room with water.
72．If the boss changes his mind, please send me a text message/send a text message to me.
【详解】如果：if，引导条件状语从句；老板：the boss；改变主意：change his mind；请：please；给我发一条短信：send me a text message/send a text message to me。本句是if条件句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主语boss是单数第三人称，动词change需用三单形式；主句是祈使句，动词用原形，故填If the boss changes his mind, please send me a text message/send a text message to me。
73．Our English teacher advised us not to spell the words wrong.
【详解】我们的：our；英语老师：English teacher；拼写：spell；单词：word；错误：wrong。advise sb not to do sth表示“建议某人不要做某事”，又根据题干内容可知句子可用一般过去时，因此用过去式advised。spell the words wrong表示“拼错单词”。故填Our English teacher advised us not to spell the words wrong.
74．One possible version:
The Earth is our home
The Earth is our home and we only have one Earth. However, our earth is in danger now. More and more natural disasters happen around the world every year. People cut down too many trees to make space for buildings and farmlands. Animals are in danger, too. People kill them for their fur, bones and some other parts of the body. It’s time for us to save the earth now. First, the government should make laws to stop these people. Second, we shouldn’t buy fur coats any more. Last, we should live a green life to save energy. In these ways, our earth will be better.
【详解】1.题干解读：本篇书面表达属于材料作文。要求以中学生的身份写一篇关于保护地球的作文，题目是“The Earth is our home”。文章内容要从三个方面展开：地球目前的现状、造成这种现状的原因、我们应该采取的措施；同时对这三个方面进行展开时，还需要包含文章所给的思维导图中的所有提示信息，学生们在此基础上对提示信息再进行合理地拓展，把文章写得更具体、更充实。
2.写作指导：写作时应注意以下几点：第一点：写作时应用一般现在时，结合第一人称和第三人称展开叙述。第二点：写作时要承接开头，先写地球的现状和造成这种现状的原因，再写应该采取的措施。第三点：内容要包含所要求展开的三个方面以及图中的提示信息，并在此基础上选用合适的连词、短语和句型来进行串联和拓展。第四点：文章做到思路清晰，层次分明，要点齐全；行文要语句通顺，符合逻辑关系；无语法、单词拼写和标点错误。