(共36张PPT)
Unit 6
When was it invented
Section A (Grammar focus-4c)
教-学-评一致性语法课示范课
人教新目标版 九年级(上册)
1.通过观看图片,能够正确地用被动语态完成句子,通过观看视频,能够找出视频中含有被动语态的句子的句子,能够区别一般现在时被动语态和一般过去时被动语态。
2.通过阅读Grammar Focus中的句子,能够借助汉语完成句子,能够说出一般过去时被动语态谓语动词的构成和各种句型的句式变化,理解并识别被动语态的特殊情况(双宾语、主动表被动等)。
Learning Objectives
3.通过做练习4a,4b,4c,能够正确地把主动语态的句子变成被动语态,能够正确地在实际运用中学会语言。
Look and fill
Activity 1
Lead to objective 1 test it
评价标准:根据图片完成句子,填对1个句子得1分,然后说出这个句子。本活动共5分。 我得( )分。
Complete the sentences according to the Chinese and pictures:
The cars _____ _________in 1885.
汽车在1885年被发明。
Flowers ______ _____in the garden last year.
去年鲜花被种在花园里。
The man _____ ___to the hospital an
hour ago.一小时前那个人被送到医院去了。
were invented
were planted
was sent
The classroom _________(clean) by the students every day.
is cleaned
How delicious the soup is! Who cooked it
Mom cooked the soup.
It __________ by Mom.
was cooked
Look and say
Activity 2
Lead to objective 1 test it
评价标准:根据图片和关键词造句子,写正确1个句子得2分,注意被动语态,然后读出这个句子。本活动共8分。 我得( )分。
The tree was planted five years ago.
tree, plant, five years ago
praise, mother, just now
The boy was praised by his mother just now.
books, carry, classroom, in the morning
The books were carried into the classroom by the boy in the morning.
flowers, water, yesterday
The flowers were watered by the girl yesterday.
Look at the pictures and make sentences in the passive voice.
评价标准:认真观看视频,注意对话中含有被动语态的句子,然后在句子中标注被动语态的谓语动词,正确标注1个得1分。加上下一页,本活动共9分。 我得( )分。
Watch and find
Activity 3
Lead to objective 1 test it
Find out the passive voice.
1.Jerry is late for work again.what happened to him
Today, traffic was stopped by a zebra.It was almost hit by another car. Other animals were seen on the freeway, too.
2.Although Jerry tells the truth,what does the boss say
You expect me to believe that you were delayed by a zebra lt was talked about on the radio. It is thought that the animals escaped from the zoo.
一般过去时态下的被动语态
was / were +动词的过去分词
一般现在时的被动语态
am / are / is +动词的过去分词
评价标准:认真观看视频,注意对话中含有被动语态的句子,然后在句子中标注被动语态的谓语动词,正确标注1个得1分。加上上一页,本活动共9分。 我得( )分。
Watch and find
Activity 3
Lead to objective 1 test it
What does the radio say
Some animals escaped from the zoo.
The animals were released from their cages by mistake.
The animals were recaptured by the zoo and
they were put back into their cages.
主动语态
一般过去时态下的被动语态
were released 被误放出
were recaptured 被重新捕获
were put back 被重新关进
评价标准:根据汉语完成句子,填正确1个句子得1分,错1个单词扣0.5分,扣完为止。本活动共10分。 我得( )分。
Look and fill
Activity 4
Lead to objective 2 test it
Read the sentences and translate them.
When was the zipper invented It was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
When was tea brought to Korea It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream.
Active Voice : Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. Passive Voice: The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell) in 1876. Grammar Focus
1. 拉链是什么时候被发明的?______ _____ the zipper ________
2. 它于1893年被发明。It ______ _________ in 1893.
3. 它是由谁发明的? ______ _____ it invented ______
4. 是由惠特科姆 贾得森发明的。It ____ ________ ___ Whitcomb Judson.
5. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜的?______ ____ tea _________ to Korea
6. 是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜的。
It _____ _______ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries.
7. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么?What ___ the hot ice-cream scoop_____ ____
8. 它用来盛很凉的冰淇淋。It’s _____ ____ ________ really cold ice-cream.
9. 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876.
10. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。The telephone _____ ________ ___
Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus.
When was invented
was invented
Who was by
was invented by
When was brought
was brought during
is used for
used for serving
invented
was invented by
评价标准:根据主动语态变为被动语态的展示,能够说出3个步骤,每1个步骤说正确得1分。本活动共3分。 我得( )分。
Look and say
Activity 5
Lead to objective 2 test it
Do you still remember how to change the active voice into the passive voice
主动语态:主语Alexander Graham Bell是动作invent 的执行者。
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell) in 1876.
主动语态
被动语态
主(执行者)
谓语动词主动语态(过去时)
宾(承受者)
①
③
主(承受者)
by(执行者)
②
谓语动词被动语态(be+V-ed)
◆ 主动语态变被动语态的方法
① 主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
② 主动语态的谓语动词变成“was/were+及物V-ed”形式。
③ 主动语态的主语变成by引导的介词短语放在主谓结构后面,有时可以省略。
被动语态:主语The telephone是动作invent 的承受着。
评价标准:读GF里的句子,找出含有一般过去时的句子,找出1个得1分,共7分;说出一般过去时谓语动词的构成得2分,最后的填空得1分。本活动共10分。 我得( )分。
Look and say
Activity 6
Lead to objective 2 test it
Read the sentences in Grammar focus. Find out the passive voice sentences.Tell us the formation of Predicate Verbs(谓语动词的构成).
When was the zipper invented It was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
When was tea brought to Korea It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream.
Active Voice : Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. Passive Voice: The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell) in 1876.
一般过去时被动语态谓语动词的构成
主语+___________________________________+其他成分
was\were+ done(及物动词的过去分词)
The new machine ______ _______(make) by Tom last week.
was made
评价标准:根据图片和给出的主动语态,变成被动语态,填对1个空格得1分,然后说出这个句子。加上下2页的,本活动共9分。 我得( )分。
Look and fill
Activity 7
Lead to objective 2 test it
Please change the active voice into the passive voice according to the pictures.
Yesterday she played the piano.
The piano __________ (by her) yeerday.
was played
The baby ate the biscuit.
The biscuit _________ the biscuit.
was eaten
Cindy
Cindy locked the door.
The door _________ by Cindy.
was locked
评价标准:根据图片和给出的主动语态,变成被动语态,填对1个空格得1分,然后说出这个句子。加上下1页和上1页的,本活动共9分。 我得( )分。
Look and fill
Activity 7
Lead to objective 2 test it
Please change the active voice into the passive voice according to the pictures.
A dog opened the fridge.
The fridge __________ the fridge.
was opened
They sold the fridge at a low price.
was sold
Somebody stole my camera from my hotel.
My camera __________ from my hotel.
was stolen
The fridge ________ at a low price.
评价标准:根据图片和给出的主动语态,变成被动语态,填对1个空格得1分,然后说出这个句子。加上上2页的,本活动共9分。 我得( )分。
Look and fill
Activity 7
Lead to objective 2 test it
Last night, Wang Min was walking home from
school when suddenly something happened.
His wallet _________
(被偷).
was stolen
This is the thief.
What happened to Wang Min
He___________by a policeman.
was caught
He_____________________________.
was punished and taken to prison
What happened to the thief
评价标准:根据图片和时间状语,完成句子,填对1个空格得1分,然后说出这个句子。本活动共4分。 我得( )分。
Look and fill
Activity 8
Lead to objective 2 test it
These cakes are made by my mother.
These cakes ______made by my mother last night.
were
一般现在时的被动语态
一般过去时的被动语态的构成为:
_______________+及物动词的_____________。
was/were
过去分词
The classroom is cleaned (by us).
The classroom ____cleaned (by us) yesterday.
was
由be动词的时态决定
评价标准:观察句子,填正确1个空格得1分,然后说出句子结构。加上下3页的,本活动共8分。 我得( )分。
Look and say
Activity 9
Lead to objective 2 test it
一般过去时被动语态句子结构
These cakes ______made by my mother last night.
were
肯定句
①肯定句: 主语+ _____________+ 及物动词的____________+其他
was/were
The classroom _____ cleaned (by us) yesterday.
was
主语
过去分词
be过去式
过去分词
评价标准:观察句子,填正确1个空格得1分,然后说出句子结构。加上上1页和下2页的,本活动共8分。 我得( )分。
Look and say
Activity 9
Lead to objective 2 test it
一般过去时被动语态句子结构
These cakes were not made by my mother last night.
否定句
The classroom was not cleaned (by us) yesterday.
be过去式的否定
②否定句: 主语+ ___________________ 及物动词的____________+其他
was/were+not
过去分词
评价标准:观察句子,填正确1个空格得1分,然后说出句子结构。加上上1页和下2页的,本活动共8分。 我得( )分。
Look and say
Activity 9
Lead to objective 2 test it
一般过去时被动语态句子结构
_____ your homework finished in time yesterday evening
Was
一般
疑问句
_____the textbooks written in 2020
Were
be过去式
③一般疑问句: _____________+主语+及物动词的____________+其他
Was/Were
过去分词
评价标准:观察句子,填正确1个空格得1分,然后说出句子结构。加上上1页和下2页的,本活动共8分。 我得( )分。
Look and say
Activity 9
Lead to objective 2 test it
一般过去时被动语态句子结构
When was the picture taken
特殊
疑问句
④特殊疑问句: __________________ + ____________________
特殊疑问词
Where were those buses made
特殊疑问词
一般疑问词
Look and fill
Lead to objective 1 test it
被动语态的用法
用法 例句
不知道或没必要指出
动作的执行者
These books were written for children.
这些书是为儿童写的。
强调或突出动作的
承受者
The book was written by Mo Yan.
这本书是由莫言写的。
动作的执行者不是人
而是无生命的事物
Many traffic accidents were caused by
careless driving.
很多交通事故是由粗心驾驶造成的。
评价标准:观察句子,完成2个汉字填空和变被动语态填空,填对1个空格得1分,然后说出这个句子。本活动共4分。 我得( )分。
Look and fill
Activity 10
Lead to objective 2 test it
Do you know the special situations when we change the active voice into the passive voice
1.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态
My father fixed up the house.
The house was fixed up by my father.
The house was fixed by my father.
①“不及物动词+介词/副词”构成的短语动词,变成被动时,
把它们作为________看待,介词或副词______(不可/可)拆开或漏掉。
整体
不可
e.g. The man cut down the tree. →
The tree ____________ by the man.
was cut down
The baby ______________ by
his mother.
His mother looked after the baby.
was looked after
评价标准:观察句子,完成1个汉字填空和变被动语态填空,填对1个空格得1分,然后说出这个句子。本活动共5分。 我得( )分。
Look and fill
Activity 11
Lead to objective 2 test it
Do you know the special situations when we change the active voice into the passive voice
2.含有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态
Tom gave me a book yesterday.
I was given a book by Tom.
间接宾语做主语
A book was given to me by Tom.
直接宾语做主语
e.g. Peter gave me a pen.
间接宾语
直接宾语
a. I _________ a pen by Peter.
b. A pen ___________ me by Peter.
was given
was given to
Mom bought me a new coat.
A new coat _______________ me. (直接接宾语作主语)
I ___________ a new coat. (间接宾语作主语)
was bought
was bought for
②当指“人”的间接宾语变为主语,指“物”的直接宾语保留不变;
如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语,则在指“人”的间接语前加___________.
to/for
评价标准:观察句子,完成1个汉字填空和变被动语态填空,填对1个空格得1分,然后说出这个句子。本活动共2分。 我得( )分。
Look and fill
Activity 12
Lead to objective 2 test it
Do you know the special situations when we change the active voice into the passive voice
3. 感官动词和使役动词的被动语态
I saw a heavy man enter the house.
A heavy man was seen to enter the house.
e.g. My mother made me clean the room. →
I ____________ clean the room.
was made to
口诀:
一感二听三让四看
主动to出去;
被动to回来
③主动句中感官动词see / hear / watch / feel等和使役动词make / let / have等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态时________(应/不应)加上不定式标志to。
应
Look and learn
Lead to objective 2
Do you know the special situations when we change the active voice into the passive voice
4.不能使用被动语态的动词
The book cost Laura twenty dollars.
What happened to Mr. Brown
This blouse belongs to Mary.
有些动词常用其主动形式表示被动意义,
如sell, wash, write等和表示感觉、知觉的系
动词feel, sound, taste, smell等。
e.g. This kind of dress sells well.
The fish tastes very delicious.
系动词 (get/turn/become/seem/look/sound/smell/taste/feel+adj.)不及物动词或某些短语动词(happen, cost,
take place, run out, come true, fall asleep…)没有被动语态。
Look and fill
Lead to objective 2 teat it
Please turn the active voice into the passive voice.
Activity 13
1.The young man saved the lives of the children.
2. The villagers didn’t find the lost boy at last.
3. Did you clean up your room last night
4. My mother bought me a new CD player.
The lives of the children were saved by the young man.
The lost boy wasn’t found by the villagers at last.
Was your room cleaned up last night
A new CD player was bought for me by my mother.
评价标准:观察句子,把主动语态变成被动语态,书写正确1个被动语态得2分,然后说出这个句子。本活动共8分。 我得( )分。
Look and write
Lead to objective 3 test it
4a
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
评价标准:把主动语态变成被动语态,书写正确1个被动语态得2分,然后说出这个句子。本活动共10分。 我得( )分。
1.They sold the fridge at a low price.
_______________________________________________________________
2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. _______________________________________________________________
3. Where did you take these photos
_______________________________________________________________
4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone. _______________________________________________________________
5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.
_______________________________________________________________
The book was translated into different languages by different writers.
My camera was stolen from my hotel room (by somebody).
Where were these photos taken
We were advised by our parents not to go out alone.
The fridge was sold at a low price.
n.冰箱
adj.低的
advice sb. not to do sth.建议某人不要做某事
v.翻译
Activity 14
评价标准:根据语境,选择所给的单词并用其适当的形式填空,填对1个空格得1分。本活动共8分。 我得( )分。
Look and fill
Activity 15
Lead to objective 3 test it
4b
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
eat like invite tell lock ring break bring
1. You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you Why didn’t you go
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________to a safe place.
3. The door ____________ when we arrived, so we _______ the bell.
4. The students _________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby _________ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in the science class.
5. The cookies ___________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _______ them.
were invited
were brought
was locked
rang
were told
broke
were eaten
liked
违反规则
评价标准:认真读短文,根据语境用所给单词的正确时态和语态填空,填对1个空格得1分,然后说出这个句子。本活动共7分。 我得( )分。
Read and fill
Activity 16
Lead to objective 3 test it
Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
4c
The telephone ____________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He ________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell _______ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In 1875, Mr. Bell ________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone ____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that ________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world.
was invented
was born
worked
learned
was invented
was said
is used
Language points
1.The fridge was sold at a low price.冰箱被低价出售了。(P44)
at a low price意为“以低价”。表示价格的高低,用high/low,不用expensive/cheap。修饰商品时,才能用expensive/cheap。
现在房价很高。House prices are very high now. 这个男孩以低价买了一件外套。The boy bought a coat at a low price.
要点拓展 low做形容词,意为“低的;矮的”,反义词为high(高的)
I bought this house at a low price.我低价买了这套房子。
注意 当表示某物贵或便官用“物+be + expensive/cheap.”或“The price of+物+be + high/low.”,即物的贵贱一般用expensive/ cheap表示,价格的高低常用high/low表示。
The price of this computer is too high.=The computer is too expensive.这台电脑的价格太贵了。
固定搭配
low短语 in a low voice低声地
at a low price以低价
low season淡季
have a lowfever发低烧
2.Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.有人从我的旅店房间里把我的相机给偷走了。(P44)
somebody为不定代词,意为“某人;有人”,相当于someone,多用于肯定句中;用于疑问句时,期望得到肯定回答。somebody做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。
有人在敲门。There’s somebody knocking at the door.
要点辨析 somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody
Language points
Look and fill
Language points
相同点:做主语时谓语动词用单数;形容词修饰这些词要后置。 somebody=someone 某人,用于肯定句中或征询意见的疑问句中
anybody=anyone 任何人,用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中
nobody=noone 没有人,无人,本身为否定含义
everybody=everyone 每人,人人,不能用来指物
3.Different writers translated the book into different languages.不同的作家把这本书翻译成不同的语言。(P44)
translate为及物动词,意为“翻译”。常用结构:translate...into...意为“把……译成……”。
The girl acted as a translator for the two strangers from different countries.这个女孩为来自不同国家的两个陌生人做翻译。
Look and fill
Language points
all of a sudden为固定短语,意为“突然;猛地”,在句中做状语,可位于句首或句末,相当于suddenly。
突然,我意识到自己该做什么。All of a sudden, I realized what I had to do.
要点拓展
(1)sudden做形容词,意为“突然的;急剧的”;sudden做名词,意为“突然”。(2)副词suddenly意为“突然地”,修饰动词或形容词。
4.The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers were brought to a safe place.地震发生得很突然,但幸运的是,村民们被带到了一个安全的地方。(P44)
评价标准:根据语境,用所给单词的适当时态和语态填空,填对1个空格得1分,然后说出这个句子。本活动共5分。 我得( )分。
Class test
Activity 17
Lead to objective 3 test it
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. The pizza __________ (make) by me. Would you like to have some
2. The Great Wall _________ (know) all over the world.
3. This story __________ (tell) by my grandmother last night.
4. Was a new science museum ______ (build) in your hometown last year
5. No student _______(see) in the playground.
was made
is known
was told
built
is seen
评价标准:根据要求完成句子,填对1个题得2分,错1个空格扣1分,扣完为止。本活动共10分。 我得( )分。
Class test
Activity 18
Lead to objective 3 test it
二、按要求变换句型
6. I was given a new toy by my aunt last week.( 改为主动语态)
My aunt ________ ________ a new toy last week.
7. Many trees were planted along the river last year.(改为否定句)
Many trees ________ ________ along the river last year.
8.Sky lanterns were used to ask for help in ancient times,
_______ ______ (完成反意疑问句)
9. The beautiful piece of music was played by HuoZun. (对画线部分提问)
________ _______ the beautiful piece of music _______ by
10. The book was translated into eight languages last year. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ the book __________ into eight languages last year
gave me
weren't planted
weren't they
Who was played
Was translated
self-evaluation
本节课共126 分 ,我共得( )分。
我的评价等级(在等级括号内打钩):
获得至少100分 ,优秀( );
获得至少90分 ,良好( );
获得至少80分 ,合格( )。
【学后反思】
一、完成自我评价表:
1.本节课我共新学单词和短语有___________个,能完全记住并会初步使用的有:___________________________________________________; 还不能记住和使用的有:______________________________________________________________________________
2.对我有帮助的学习方法有(请在括号里打钩):
( )(1)能够根据句子对比总结出语法规律,能够说出一般过去时被动语态的构成。
( )(2)能够积极参与课堂,学会了知识能够用于语言运用和真实情景。
( )(3)通过创设情景,学会了在真实情境中运用语法知识。
Homework
1. Find out information about an invention you would like it and
write sentences below.
Invention:
When:
Who:
Purpose:
2. Preview SectionB1a-1e.
谢谢
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Unit 6 Section A Grammar focus-4c 分层作业
一、根据句意或所给汉语,完成句子,每空一词。
1.One of the world’s favorite drinks was invented by (意外).
2.Lu Xun was without (疑问)a great writer.
3.There are lots of vegetables and fruit in the (冰箱).
4.I can’t stand the (气味)of smoke.
5.China does a lot of (贸易)with many countries.
6.We were shocked by the (突然的) news.
7.The secretary isn’t able to (翻译)this business letter into French.
8.The People’s Republic of China (found) on October 1st, 1949.
9.His (music) talent made him quite famous.
10.China’s first astronaut was (send) into space on Shenzhou 5 in 2003.
二、单项选择
11.It is reported that about 120 foreign soccer experts________ to teach students soccer at school last week.
A.invite B.invited C.were invited D.will be invited
12.The bridge ________ Xinshougang Bridge in 2019.
A.names B.named C.is named D.was named
13.__________ is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you.
A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Everybody D.Nobody
14.Last month, an old people’s dining hall ________ in our community.
A.was built B.has built C.will be built D.is built
15.Panda Ya Ya ________ back to Beijing about three weeks ago.
A.was brought B.is brought C.brought
16.—It’s said that Qin Wenjing in Nanya Middle school ________ the prize for The Most Beautiful Student in China in 2016.
—Yes. We are proud of her!
A.was awarded B.is awarded C.is awarding
17.—It is much faster to drive from the south to the north now.
—Yes, a new high way ________ last October.
A.is finished B.was finished C.has been finished
18._________ the new park _________ in Shanghai two years ago
A.Does; build B.Did; build
C.Is; built D.Was; built
19.The man felt terrible. He ________ by doctors.
A.give first aid B.gave first aid
C.was given first aid D.is given first aid
20.Each of us ________ a new schoolbag last week.
A.gave B.is given
C.was given D.were given
三、完形填空
先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
The fridge plays an important role in our daily life, it is a need in the 21 .
In the past people used ice houses, holes in the ground covered with snow and cold weather to cool food and stop it from going 22 . During hundreds of years, some inventions 23 the modern fridge. 24 those people who helped to invent the fridge, Carl Von Linde was the most important.
Several men were helpful to the invention of the fridge 25 Linde’s work. For example, in 1748, William Cullen created the first refrigeration machine. It was 26 in history books.
However, Carl Von Linde played the largest 27 in the modern fridge. 28 1876, he invented a process of liquefying gases(液化气体)and it formed the technology used in the modern fridge. In 1878, he started a company called Linde AG and went on to 29 his fridges.
Then Freon(氟利昂)was introduced as part of the fridge but later people found it was dangerous to the 30 .
The invention of the fridge 31 families to keep food for a long time. It 32 allows people to enjoy food from foreign lands. However this 33 in lifestyle increased processed food consumption(加工食品的消费) , which may make people 34 .
Frozen foods are very popular now, but they’re not good for 35 .
21.A.park B.cinema C.museum D.kitchen
22.A.bad B.fresh C.crispy D.salty
23.A.used to B.led to C.fell into D.turned into
24.A.between B.Among C.Beside D.Across
25.A.when B.after C.before D.since
26.A.suggested B.completed C.repeated D.mentioned
27.A.role B.work C.activity D.performance
28.A.in B.on C.at D.for
29.A.create B.increase C.improve D.introduce
30.A.water B.plants C.environment D.weather
31.A.allows B.makes C.keeps D.continues
32.A.ever B.too C.also D.still
33.A.role B.change C.product D.invention
34.A.fatter B.thinner C.taller D.shorter
35.A.treasure B.opinion C.deal D.health
Unit 6 Section A Grammar -4c 分层作业答案与详解
一、根据句意和所给汉语,完成句子,每空一词。
【答案】
1.accident 2.doubt 3.fridge 4.smell 5.trade
6.sudden 7.translate 8.was founded 9.musical 10.sent
【详解】
1.句意:世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一是偶然发明的。
“意外”英文表达是accident,by accident意外地、偶然地,故答案填accident。
2.句意:鲁迅无疑是一位伟大的作家。
“疑问”英文表达是doubt,without doubt无疑地、毫无疑问地,故答案填doubt。
3.句意:有许多的蔬菜和水果在冰箱里。
“冰箱”英文表达是fridge,由语境可知此处应用其单数形式,故答案填fridge。
4.句意:我受不了烟味。
“气味”英文表达是smell,the smell of smoke烟味,故答案填smell。
5.句意:中国与许多国家进行大量贸易。
“贸易”英文表达是trade,不可数名词,a lot of意为“许多、大量”,后接可数名词或不可数名词,相当于lots of;故答案填trade。
6.句意:这突然的消息使我们震惊。根据汉语提示可知,sudden“突然的”,形容词作定语修饰名词。故填sudden。
7.句意:秘书不能把这封商务信函译成法语。
“翻译”在英文中表达为“translate”,be able to do sth.表示“能做某事”;短语translate…into…表示“把……翻译成……”。根据句意,故答案为translate。
8.句意:中华人民共和国于1949年10月1日成立。空处缺谓语,句子主语与动词之间是被动关系,结合“on October 1st, 1949”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”,主语是单数,be动词用was,故填was founded。
9.句意:他的音乐天赋使他相当出名。talent为名词,其前应用形容词修饰,名词music的形容词为musical“音乐的”。故填musical。
10.句意:2003年,中国第一位宇航员乘坐神舟五号进入太空。主语China’s first astronaut与send之间是被动关系,要用被动语态:be done,故填sent。
二、单项选择
11.It is reported that about 120 foreign soccer experts________ to teach students soccer at school last week.
A.invite B.invited C.were invited D.will be invited
【答案】C
【详解】句意:据报道,上周约120名外国足球专家被邀请到学校教学生足球。
考查动词时态和语态。invite邀请。因“120 foreign soccer experts”和invite之间是被动关系,表示专家被邀请,需用被动语态;因“last week”表示上周,需用过去时,故选C。
12.The bridge ________ Xinshougang Bridge in 2019.
A.names B.named C.is named D.was named
【答案】D
【详解】句意:2019年这座桥被命名为新首钢大桥。
考查动词的时态和语态。根据“in 2019”可知句子讲述过去的事,是一般过去时。主语“The bridge”和动词“name”之间是被动关系,谓语动词用一般过去时的被动形式。主语是单数概念,表达动词“被命名”用“was named”。故选D。
13.__________ is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you.
A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Everybody D.Nobody
【答案】A
【详解】Somebody某人,一般用于肯定句;Anybody任何人,用于一般疑问句及否定句;Everybody每个人;Nobody没有人。句意:有人在门口等你。他想对你说谢谢。结合语境可知选A。
14.Last month, an old people’s dining hall ________ in our community.
A.was built B.has built C.will be built D.is built
【答案】A
【详解】句意:上个月,我们社区建了一个老人食堂。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Last month”可知,是一般过去时,主语是动作的承受者,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
15.Panda Ya Ya ________ back to Beijing about three weeks ago.
A.was brought B.is brought C.brought
【答案】A
【详解】句意:熊猫丫丫大约三周前被带回北京。
考查被动语态。主语“Panda Ya Ya”与动词bring是被动关系,结合“three weeks ago”可知,此处用一般过去时的被动语态,故选A。
16.—It’s said that Qin Wenjing in Nanya Middle school ________ the prize for The Most Beautiful Student in China in 2016.
—Yes. We are proud of her!
A.was awarded B.is awarded C.is awarding
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——据说南亚中学的秦文静获得了2016年中国最美学生奖。——是的。我们为她感到骄傲!
考查动词时态及语态。主语Qin Wenjing与动词award之间是动宾关系,她被授予“最美学生奖”,应为被动语态。且事情发生在过去,应为一般过去时,故为一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
17.—It is much faster to drive from the south to the north now.
—Yes, a new high way ________ last October.
A.is finished B.was finished C.has been finished
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——现在从南向北开车要快得多。——是的,去年十月,一条新的高速公路竣工了。
考查被动语态。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系,此处应用被动语态,结合“last October”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”,主语为单数,be动词用was,故选B。
18._________ the new park _________ in Shanghai two years ago
A.Does; build B.Did; build
C.Is; built D.Was; built
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这个新公园是两年前在上海建成的吗?
考查一般过去时被动语态。根据two years ago可知,此句是一般过去时,主语new park与动词build之间是被动关系,所以用一般过去时被动语态,主语是单数,助动词用was,故选D。
19.The man felt terrible. He ________ by doctors.
A.give first aid B.gave first aid
C.was given first aid D.is given first aid
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这个男人感觉很糟糕。医生对他进行了急救。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“by doctors”可知,应用被动语态,又由“felt”可知应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为:was/were+动词过去分词。故选C。
20.Each of us ________ a new schoolbag last week.
A.gave B.is given
C.was given D.were given
【答案】C
【详解】句意:上周我们每个人都得到了一个新书包。
考查被动语态及主谓一致。主语Each of us与动词give之间是动宾关系,应为被动语态,结合“last week”可知,时态是一般过去时。“each of+代词复数”作主语,谓语动词用其单数形式,故用be动词was。故选C。
三、完形填空
【答案】
21.D 22.A 23.B 24.B 25.C 26.D 27.A 28.A
29.C 30.C 31.A 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.D
【导语】
本文主要介绍了冰箱的发明史。
【详解】
21.句意:冰箱在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色,它是厨房的必需品。
park公园;cinema电影院;museum博物馆;kitchen厨房。根据“The fridge plays an important role in our daily life, it is a need in the”可知冰箱是厨房的必需品。故选D。
22.句意:在过去,人们用冰屋、被雪覆盖的地洞和寒冷的天气来冷却食物,防止食物变质。
bad坏的;fresh新鲜的;crispy脆的;salty咸的。根据“cool food and stop it from going”可知人们把食物放在冷冻的地方以防止食物变质。故选A。
23.句意:几百年来,一些发明创造了现代冰箱。
used to过去常常;led to导致;fell into落入;turned into变成。根据“some inventions...the modern fridge”可知一些发明造就了现在的冰箱,用短语lead to。故选B。
24.句意:在那些帮助发明冰箱的人中,卡尔·冯·林德是最重要的。
between在两者之间;among在多者之间;beside在……旁边;across穿过。根据“those people who helped to invent the fridge”可知是在帮助发明冰箱的人中,且是多人之间,用among。故选B。
25.句意:在林德工作之前,有几个人帮助发明了冰箱。
when当;after在……之后;before在……之前;since自从。根据“Several men were helpful to the invention of the fridge...Linde’s work”可知在他工作之前,有几个人帮助发明了冰箱。选C。
26.句意:这在历史书中被提及。
suggested建议;completed完成;repeated重复;mentioned提到。根据“William Cullen created the first refrigeration machine”可知历史书上提到了威廉·卡伦创造了第一台制冷机。故选D。
27.句意:然而,卡尔·冯·林德在现代冰箱中扮演了最大的角色。
role角色;work工作;activity活动;performance表现。根据“Carl Von Linde played the largest...in the modern fridge”可知他扮演着最大的角色,play a role in“在……中扮演角色”。故选A。
28.句意:在1876年,他发明了一种液化气体的方法,并由此形成了现代冰箱的技术。
in在……里;on在……上;at在;for为了。在年份前用介词in。故选A。
29.句意:在1878年,他创办了一家名为Linde AG的公司,并继续改进他的冰箱。
create创造;increase增加;improve改善;introduce介绍。根据“went on to...his fridges”可知他继续改善冰箱。故选C。
30.句意:后来氟利昂被引入冰箱,但后来人们发现它对环境有害。
water水;plants植物;environment环境;weather天气。根据“people found it was dangerous to the”以及常识可知氟利昂对环境有害。故选C。
31.句意:冰箱的发明使家庭能够长期保存食物。
allows允许;makes制作;keeps保持;continues继续。根据“The invention of the fridge...families to keep food for a long time”可知冰箱能够允许家庭长期保存食物。故选A。
32.句意:它还允许人们享受来自外国的食物。
ever曾经;too也;also也;still仍然。根据“allows people to enjoy food from foreign lands”可知冰箱不仅让家庭长期保存食物,也允许人们享受外国食物,在句中表示“也”用also。故选C。
33.句意:然而,这种生活方式的改变增加了加工食品的消费,这可能会使人更胖。
role角色;change变化;product产品;invention发明。根据“in lifestyle increased processed food consumption”可知人们的生活方式发生了改变。故选B。
34.句意:然而,这种生活方式的改变增加了加工食品的消费,这可能会使人更胖。
fatter更胖;thinner更瘦;taller更高;shorter更矮。根据“increased processed food consumption”可知人们更喜欢加工食品,这让人变得更胖。故选A。
35.句意:冷冻食品现在很流行,但对健康没有好处。
treasure宝藏;opinion观点;deal处理;health健康。根据“Frozen foods are very popular now, but they’re not good for”可知转折词后表示冷冻食品对健康没有好处。故选D。
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Unit 6 When was it invented Section A Grammar focus-4c 导学案
班级: 姓名:
科目: 授课教师:
学习目标 1.通过观看图片,能够正确地用被动语态完成句子,通过观看视频,能够找出视频中含有被动语态的句子的句子,能够区别一般现在时被动语态和一般过去时被动语态。2.通过阅读Grammar Focus中的句子,能够借助汉语完成句子,能够说出一般过去时被动语态谓语动词的构成和各种句型的句式变化,理解并识别被动语态的特殊情况(双宾语、主动表被动等)。3.通过做练习4a,4b,4c,能够正确地把主动语态的句子变成被动语态,能够正确地在实际运用中学会语言。
学习重难点 重点:掌握一般过去时主动语态变被动语态结构:was/were+ done +by+其他;难点:区分被动语态特殊用法(双宾语、短语、主动表被动等),能正确运用被动语态。
自学指导 自学检测及课堂展示
课前预习 一般过去时的被动语态1.结构:一般过去时的被动语态表示主语是过去某个动作的承受者,谓语动词由“_________________________”构成。 2.句型:(1)肯定句:主语+_____________________________+其他.例句:_______________________________________________________________.纸是中国人在二千多年前发明的。 (2)否定句:主语+_____________________________ +其他. 例句:_______________________________________________________________.这些书没有按时归还。
情景导入 I.Complete the sentences according to the Chinese and pictures: II.Look at the pictures and make sentences in the passive voice. III.Watch a video and find out the passive voice. 1.Jerry is late for work again.what happened to him 2.Although Jerry tells the truth,what does the boss say 3.What does the radio say
学习理解 I.Read the sentences in GF and translate them.Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus.1. 拉链是什么时候被发明的?______ _____ the zipper ________ 2. 它于1893年被发明。It ______ _________ in 1893. 3. 它是由谁发明的? ______ _____ it invented ______ 4. 是由惠特科姆 贾得森发明的。It ____ ________ ___ Whitcomb Judson. 5. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜的?______ ____ tea _________ to Korea 6. 是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜的。It _____ _______ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries. 7. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么?What ___ the hot ice-cream scoop_____ ____ 8. 它用来盛很凉的冰淇淋。It’s _____ ____ ________ really cold ice-cream.9. 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876. 10. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。The telephone _____ ________ ___ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. II.Do you still remember how to change the active voice into the passive voice 略III.Read the sentences in Grammar focus. Find out the passive voice sentences.Tell us the formation of Predicate Verbs(谓语动词的构成).一般过去时被动语态谓语动词的构成主语+___________________________________+其他成分The new machine ______ _______(make) by Tom last week.IV.Please change the active voice into the passive voice according to the pictures.略IV一般过去时被动语态句子结构①肯定句: 主语+ _____________+ 及物动词的____________+其他 ②否定句: 主语+ ___________________ 及物动词的____________+其他 ③一般疑问句: _____________+主语+及物动词的____________+其他 ④特殊疑问句: __________________ + ____________________ V.被动语态的用法 略VI.Do you know the special situations when we change the active voice into the passive voice 1.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态 ①“不及物动词+介词/副词”构成的短语动词,变成被动时, 把它们作为________看待,介词或副词______(不可/可)拆开或漏掉。②当指“人”的间接宾语变为主语,指“物”的直接宾语保留不变;如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语,则在指“人”的间接语前加___________.③主动句中感官动词see / hear / watch / feel等和使役动词make / let / have等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态时________(应/不应)加上不定式标志to。2.不能使用被动语态的动词 略VII.Please turn the active voice into the passive voice.1.The young man saved the lives of the children.2. The villagers didn’t find the lost boy at last.3. Did you clean up your room last night 4. My mother bought me a new CD player.
应用实践-
4a.Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.1.They sold the fridge at a low price.The fridge was sold at a low price.Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. _______________________________________________________________3. Where did you take these photos _______________________________________________________________Our parents advised us not to go out alone. ________________________________________________________________5. Different writers translated the book into different languages._______________________________________________________________II.plete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.eat like invite tell lock ring break bring1. You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you Why didn’t you go 2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________to a safe place.3. The door ____________ when we arrived, so we _______ the bell.4. The students _________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby _________ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in the science class.5. The cookies ___________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _______ them.III. 4c.Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.The telephone ____________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He ________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell _______ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In 1875, Mr. Bell ________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone ____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that ________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here, I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world.
课堂练习 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. The pizza __________ (make) by me. Would you like to have some 2. The Great Wall _________ (know) all over the world.3. This story __________ (tell) by my grandmother last night.4. Was a new science museum ______ (build) in your hometown last year 5. No student _______(see) in the playground. 二、按要求变换句型6. I was given a new toy by my aunt last week.( 改为主动语态)My aunt ________ ________ a new toy last week.7. Many trees were planted along the river last year.(改为否定句)Many trees ________ ________ along the river last year.8.Sky lanterns were used to ask for help in ancient times, _______ ______ (完成反意疑问句)9. The beautiful piece of music was played by HuoZun. (对画线部分提问)________ _______ the beautiful piece of music _______ by 10. The book was translated into eight languages last year. (改为一般疑问句)_______ the book __________ into eight languages last year
作业 1. Find out information about an invention you would like it and write sentences below.Invention:When:Who:Purpose:2. Preview SectionB1a-1e.
【参考答案】
课前预习 1.was/were+动词的过去分词2.(1)was / were+及物动词的过去分词Paper was invented by Chinese people two thousand years ago. (2)was/were not+及物动词的过去分词The books were not returned on time.
情景导入 I.Complete the sentences according to the Chinese and pictures: II.Look at the pictures and make sentences in the passive voice. III.Watch a video and find out the passive voice.
学习理解 I.Read the sentences in GF and translate them.Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus. II.Do you still remember how to change the active voice into the passive voice III.Read the sentences in Grammar focus. Find out the passive voice sentences.Tell us the formation of Predicate Verbs(谓语动词的构成).一般过去时被动语态谓语动词的构成主语+was\were+ done(及物动词的过去分词)+其他成分The new machine was made (make) by Tom last week.IV.Please change the active voice into the passive voice according to the pictures. IV一般过去时被动语态句子结构 V.被动语态的用法 VI.Do you know the special situations when we change the active voice into the passive voice 2.不能使用被动语态的动词 VII.Please turn the active voice into the passive voice.
应用实践-
I.4a.Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. II.plete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.III. 4c.Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
课堂练习 一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. was made 2.is known 3.was told 4. built 5.is seen二、按要求变换句型。1.gave me 2. weren’t planted 3. weren’t they 4. Who was;played 5.Was;translated
作业 略
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