Unit 1 Past and Present同步练习（含解析）译林牛津英语八年级下册

Unit 1
一、用当形式填空。
1.She (study) English in the school since she left her hometown.
2.Now the rivers in the park are much (clean) than before.
3.Is she (marry)
4.There is no air (pollute) in the small village.
5.My hometown (change) a lot in the past few years.
6.It is (possible) to finish the work in such a short time.
7.It often snows in winter in the (north) part of China.
8.It’s really nice (have) a beautiful flat.
9.Look at the (amaze) changes in our town.
10.What are the (wife) doing while their husbands are watching the
二、根据中文提示完成单词。
How can we do to cut down air (污染)
She (意识到) that she didn’t know how to do the work.
It’s (不可能) for the three-year-old girl to write in English.
I’m sorry he is out (现在).
If I am in your (形势、情况) , I will work for another job.
football match
三、翻译句子
1.过去，我经常写信给我的朋友，而现在，我已经习惯于通过电子邮件和他们保持联系。
I used to _________ while now I with them by email.
2.在某种程度上，我们的生活条件比以前好得多。
______________________, ________________ are much better than before.
3.用微信互相交流使沟通更加容易得多。
____________________ by We Chat ______________________________.
4.我的父母结合已经30多年了。
My parents _______________________ since ___________________________.
5. 王先生经常出国，因此他不知道淮安已经发生了很大变化。
Mr. Wang often _________, so he doesn’t know great changes ________ in Huai’an.
四、同义句转换。
Daniel received a letter half an hour ago.(改为否定句)
Daniel a letter half an hour ago.
Lucy and Lily went to school by bus last week.(同义句转换)
Lucy and Lily to school last week.
Sometimes we can meet Miss Zhou in the school library.(同义句转换)
we can meet Miss Zhou in the school library .
We have lived in this area since we moved here in 2010.(对划线部分提问)
you in this area
The government took action to improve the situation later.(改为一般疑问句)
the government action to improve the situation later
五、首字母填空
Dear Mark,
I’m so glad that you will come to Nanjing during the holiday. You said you wanted to know something about t 1 in Nanjing. Well here is some advice on how to travel around Nanjing.
The fastest way to come to Nanjing is by p 2 , of course. The airport is about twenty m 3 bus ride away from the downtown(市区). And you can get off at Xinjiekou. The underground in Nanjing has been in use s 4 2005.
I wonder how long you will s 5 in Nanjing and what places you are i 6 in
Maybe you want to travel around the city. It’s a good i 7 to hire a taxi. And the driver will tell you more a 8 the city. And you said you panned to go to Shanghai as well. You can go there by t 9 . The high-speed railway is very modern. And the trip from Nanjing to Shanghai will take less than two h 10 .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
六、完型填空
Nanjing has changed a lot. And it is 1 beautifuHhan before. Even though (即使) there are a lot of people and cars,the city is great!I love her!
But as the city changes and develops,people don't change 2 . There are a lot of litterbugs (乱扔垃圾者) . They 3 their rubbish everywhere. 4 don't they just find a rubbish bin They just don't 5 to think about how beautiful our city has become and how they can help to keep it that way. 6 may be they just don't care.
If you want to turn a beautiful place 7 something ugly, 8 cover it with rubbish. A 9 treelined street can look like a garbage dump (垃圾场) at once!
I do have some 10 for us students. Next time you are about to throw something,stop and think about how beautiful your city is. Then find a rubbish bin and do as your favourite basketball player does dunk (扣篮) the rubbish into the basket and score 2 points for the environment!
（ ）1. A. less B. more C. the least D. the most
（ ）2. A. them B. us C. themselves D. the environment
（ ）3. A. collect B. lose C. make D. throw
（ ）4. A. How B. Where C. Why D. What
（ ）5. A. need B. continue C. have D. stop
（ ）6. A. Or B. But C. So D. As
（ ）7. A. out of B. away from C. with D. into
（ ）8. A.ever B. just C. already D. never
（ ）9. A. pleasant B. comfortable C. empty D. dirty
（ ）10. A. sentences B. stories C. lessons D. advice
七、阅读理解
A
Heritage (遗产) is traditional customs, history and beliefs. We use the word “heritage” in many different ways. People talk about their family heritage, city heritage and national heritage.
Today, heritage is changing. The Internet connects people around the world. In many ways this is a good thing, because we can learn about the heritage of other countries, and we can show our own heritage to the world. However, some people worry that traditional heritage is disappearing. In many ways, countries are becoming more and more alike(相似的).In most countries around the world, you can find KFC. Nike shoes, Starbucks coffee. American movies and so on. Some people think this is a good change, and others don’t like it. You can decide whether or not it's a good thing.
However, everyone wants to protect traditional heritage, and sometimes this is hard. For example, when a new KFC opens in your city, a traditional restaurant might have to close.
That is why heritage protection is so important. Heritage protection is a simple thought. It means keeping your country's or your city's heritage alive. People do this in many ways. The biggest part of heritage protection is probably preserving (保护)old buildings. Some suggestions of heritage protection are making sure your kids speak your traditional language, and teaching knowledge about heritage to them.
The world is changing. No matter how it changes, never forget the heritage of our parents and grandparents.
（ ）1.Is the heritage nowadays the same as it used to be
A. No. It's being changed by the Internet
B. Yes. Traditional customs, history and beliefs never change.
C. It is not mentioned in the passage.
（ ）2.The examples mentioned in the second paragraph____________.
A. show the importance of heritage
B. describe people’s love for heritage
C. help people understand heritage better
（ ）3.The underlined sentence shows that_________.
A. it is necessary to learn about the heritage of other countries
B. the writer is worrying about the traditional heritage protection
C. countries are becoming quite different in some ways
（ ）4.The following statements are parts of heritage protection EXCEPT___________.
A. trying to change traditional customs
B. preserving old buildings
C. keeping traditional language alive
（ ）5.What may be the best title for the passage
A.Internet and Heritage
B.Heritage Is Disappearing
C.Heritage Protection
B
Six years ago, Ann graduated(毕业)from college with a degree in Art. Now she is twenty-nine and works for a large computer company. She takes classes twice a week after work. She is learning to use the computer program PowerPoint. “I enjoy the college, but my job doesn’t use the information I learned at college, ”Ann says. “The course is helping me to do my job better. ”
In the past, when students graduated from college and got a job, they usually stopped studying. Today, lifelong learning（终身学习） is becoming more popular. In many countries, some people return to school in their late twenties, thirties, or even older to get a higher degree. More people are taking training courses to improve their working skills after work. People can also get degrees or training through the Internet.
Ann’s sixty-year-old mother and father are taking courses in Art and Music. “We love these two subjects. Learning is so much fun. ”They say happily, “It’s never too old to learn. ”
（ ）6.Ann graduated from college when she was_________.
A. twenty-nine B. twenty-six C. twenty-three D. twenty
（ ）7.The underlined word“degree”in the passage means________.
A. 温度 B. 程度 C. 学位 D. 位置
（ ）8.More people are taking training courses after work in order to________.
A. improve their working skills B. enjoy Art and Music
C. study computer programs D. make more money
（ ）9.Which of the following is TRUE
A. Ann doesn’t want to use the information she learned at college.
B. People in the past usually stopped studying after graduating from college.
C. People can only get information from their teachers.
D. Ann’s parents are too old to learn Art and Music.
（ ）10.The best title of the passage is_________.
A. Internet Studying B. College Education
C. Art Learning D. Lifelong Learning
八、任务型阅读理解
When you are in England, you must be very careful in the streets because the traffic goes on the left. Before you cross the street, you must look to the right first and then the left. If the traffic lights are red, the traffic must stop. Then the people on foot can cross the road. If the lights are green, the traffic can go and people on foot mustn’t cross. In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come back from work, the streets are very busy. The traffic is the most dangerous then.
When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful, too. You must always remember the traffic moves on the left. So you must be careful. Have a look first, or you’ll go the wrong way. In many English cities, there are big buses with two floors. You must sit on the second floor. From there you can see the city very well. That’ll be very interesting.
Title: 1 in England
On the streets Buses and cars move on the 2 side.
People crossing the street Look to the 3 first an then the 4
Red traffic lights People on foot can walk 5 the road.
6 traffic lights Buses and cars can 7
In the morning and 8 The most dangerous time
Traveling by bus Most buses with 9 floors.
Sit on the 10 floor to see cities well.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
一、 1. `has studied`：“since she left her hometown”是现在完成时的标志，主语是第三人称单数，所以用“has + 过去分词”，study 的过去分词是 studied。 2. `cleaner`：“than”表明要用比较级，clean 的比较级是 cleaner。 3. `married`：“be married”表示“已婚的”，是一个状态。 4. `pollution`：“air pollution”是“空气污染”，pollute 是动词，这里需要名词 pollution。 5. `has changed`：“in the past few years”是现在完成时的标志，主语是第三人称单数，所以用“has + 过去分词”，change 的过去分词是 changed。 6. `impossible`：根据语境，在这么短的时间内完成工作是不可能的，“impossible”表示“不可能的”。 7. `northern`：“part”是名词，需要形容词修饰，“northern”表示“北方的”。 8. `to have`：“It's + adj. + to do sth.”是固定句型，表示“做某事是......的”。 9. `amazing`：“changes”是名词，需要形容词修饰，“amazing”表示“令人惊讶的”，用来形容事物。 10. `wives`：“are”表明要用复数，wife 的复数是 wives。 二、 1. `pollution`：“air pollution”表示“空气污染”，是名词短语。 2. `realized`：意识到，realize 的过去式。 3. `impossible`：“impossible”表示“不可能的”。 4. `now`：“now”表示“现在”。 5. `situation`：“situation”表示“情况；形势”。 三、 1. 过去常常做某事用“used to do sth.”，写信给某人“write letters to sb.”；习惯于做某事“be used to doing sth.”，保持联系“keep in touch”。 2. “in a way”表示“在某种程度上”；“living conditions”表示“生活条件”。 3. 动名词短语“Communicating with each other”作主语；“make + 宾语 + 形容词”表示“使......怎么样”，此处用 makes，communication 是名词，“更容易”用“much easier”。 4. “have been married”表示“已婚的状态”，“since + 过去的时间点”用现在完成时，“more than 30 years ago”表示“30 多年前”。 5. “goes abroad”表示“出国”；“take place”表示“发生”，此处用现在完成时“have taken place”。 四、 1. 一般过去时的否定句，借助助动词 didn't，后面接动词原形 receive。 2. “went to...by bus”可以转换为“took a bus to...”。 3. “Sometimes”可以转换为“At times”，都表示“有时”。 4. 对“since we moved here in 2010”提问，用“How long have...lived”，询问时间段。 5. 一般过去时的一般疑问句，借助助动词 Did，后面接动词原形 take。 五、 1. 下文介绍的是在南京的交通方式，所以此处是 transport“交通”。 2. 最快到达南京的方式通常是乘坐飞机，所以是 plane。 3. 表示“二十分钟的公交车程”，用“minutes'”。 4. 南京的地铁自 2005 年开始投入使用，“since”表示“自从”。 5. 想知道对方会在南京停留多久，stay 表示“停留”。 6. be interested in 表示“对......感兴趣”。 7. 租车旅行是个好主意，idea 表示“主意”。 8. tell sb. about sth. 表示“告诉某人关于某事”。 9. 去上海可以乘坐火车，train 表示“火车”。 10. 从南京到上海的高铁行程不到两小时，hour 要用复数 hours。 六、 1. B：根据“than before”可知要用比较级，more beautiful 表示“更美丽”。 2. C：人们自身没有随着城市的改变和发展而改变，themselves 表示“他们自己”。 3. D：乱扔垃圾用“throw rubbish”，throw 表示“扔”。 4. C：询问原因用“Why”，为什么他们不找垃圾桶。 5. D：stop to do sth. 表示“停下来去做某事”，他们就是不停下来思考。 6. A：Or 表示“或者”，也许他们不在乎，或者他们就是不关心。 7. D：turn...into... 表示“把......变成......”。 8. B：just 表示“仅仅，只”，只要用垃圾覆盖，一个美丽的地方就会变丑。 9. A：pleasant 表示“令人愉快的”，形容街道原本是令人愉快的。 10. D：给学生的是一些建议，advice 表示“建议”，不可数名词。 七、 A 篇 1. A：文章提到互联网使遗产发生了变化，A 选项“不，它被互联网改变了”符合文意。 2. C：第二段的例子是为了帮助人们更好地理解遗产在当下的情况，C 选项正确。 3. B：这句话体现了作者对传统遗产保护的担忧，B 选项符合。 4. A：改变传统习俗不是遗产保护的内容，A 选项不符合。 5. C：文章重点强调了遗产保护的重要性，C 选项“Heritage Protection”符合主旨。 B 篇 6. C：现在 Ann 29 岁，六年前毕业，当时是 23 岁。 7. C：“degree”在此处表示“学位”，graduate from college with a degree 表示“大学毕业获得学位”。 8. A：更多人参加培训课程是为了提高工作技能，A 选项正确。 9. B：过去学生毕业后通常停止学习，B 选项符合原文。 10. D：文章主要讲述了终身学习的现象，D 选项“Lifelong Learning”更能概括主旨。 八、 1. `Traffic`：文章主要介绍在英国的交通情况。 2. `left`：在英国，车辆靠左行驶。 3. `right`：过马路先看右边。 4. `left`：再看左边。 5. `across`：红灯时行人可以过马路。 6. `Green`：绿灯时车辆可以行驶。 7. `go`：车辆可以走。 8. `evening`：早上和晚上是交通最危险的时候。 9. `two`：很多英国城市有两层的大巴。 10. `second`：坐在第二层可以更好地看城市。