Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world? 词汇扩展及重点知识解析（含解析） 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语下册

八下Unit 7
词汇扩展
1. southwest (n./adv.)西南方—southwestern (adj.)西南方的
2. reach (v.)到达、伸出— reaches (三单)
3. succeed (v.)成功— success (n.)成功— successful (adj.)成功的— successfully (adv.)成功地
4. climb (v.)爬— climber (n.)攀登者— climbing (现在分词、动名词)
5. try (v.)努力、尝试—tries (三单)—trying (现在分词、动名词)
6. human (n.)人类— humans (复数)
7. nature (n.)大自然— natural (adj.)自然的
8. heavy (adj.)重的、沉的—heavily (adv.)在很大程度上、大量地
9. include (v.)包括、包含—including (介词)包括、包含—included (过去式、adj.) 包含在内的
二、短语
1. as big as… 与……一样大
2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一
3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事
4. as far as I know 据我所知
5. man-made objects 人造物体
6. part of… ……的组成部分
7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉
8. in the world 在世界上
9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山
10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中
11. run along 跨越……
12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气
13. take in air 呼吸空气
14. take in 吸入；吞入（体内）
15. in the face of difficulties 面对困难
三、重点知识解析
1. take in
take in意为“吸入；吞入（体内）”
2. As far as I know
as far as I know意为“据我所知”。
3. give up
give up意为“放弃；停止；戒除”。
give up doing something意为“放弃做某事；半途而废”
4. every two years.
every+ 基数词+ 复数名词=every+ 序数词+ 单数名词，作“每(多少)”解。
“every other+单数名词”意为“每隔一……”
“every few+复数名词”意为“每隔几……”
5. One of
one of +the +形容词最高级+复数名词/代词，意为“最……之一”，当其作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
四、单元语法
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级
英语中，在两者之间进行比较时，要用比较级；
在三者或三者以上的人或物之间进行比较时，要用最高级。
比较级和最高级的构成
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er, -est
以字母e结尾的词，在词尾直接加-r, -st
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，变“y”为“i”加-er, -est
重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er, -est
多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more, most
比较级有关的句式
...比较级+than...比...更...
The+比较级..., the+比较级...越...，就越...
比较级+and+比较级越来越.....
Who/ Which...比较级，A or B 谁/哪一个更...，A还是B
最高级有关的句式
...最高级... +in/of短语...中最...的...
one of the+最高级+可数名词复数形式最...的....之一
Who/ Which...最高级，A，B or C 谁/哪一个最...，A，B还是C
练习
一、单项选择
1. A _____girl named Dong Xinyi looked after her disabled father.
A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. three years old D. three year old
2. —How amazing the noodle is!
—Yes, it is ______ and breaks the Guinness World Record as the longest handmade noodle.
A. 1704-meter-long B. 1704-meters-long
C. 1704 meter long D. 1704 meters long
3. An adult panda ______ more than a baby panda.
A. weight much time B. weighs many time
C. weights many times D. weighs many times
4. —_____ is the new square
—It is 550 meters long and 350 meters wide.
A. How long B. How much C. How big D. How many
5. — The doctor told me not to eat too much, but I find it difficult.
—The doctor is right. ______ you eat, _______ you will be.
A. The less; the healthier B. The less; the more healthier
C. The more; the healthier D. The more; the more healthier
6. When the dog was running _______ me, I felt afraid.
A. along B. towards C. forward D. with
7. There is a big supermarket on _________ side of the street.
A. another B. others C. other D. the other
8. —Have you ________ been to the Great Wall in China, Bob
—Never. I want to visit it this summer.
A. already B. just C. ever D. yet
9. —Could you please teach me _________ this weekend
—Sure, I can.
A. skate B. skating C. to skate D. skated
10. All these stamps _______ Jim. He has a hobby of collecting stamps.
A. belong to B. used to C. wait for D. as for
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1．She tried her best but did ____________ (bad) among all the members in the team.
2．Which do you like _____(well), Green, black or yellow
3．Millie does homework _______(slow) in our class every time.
4．Betty writes _____________(carefully) in our class.
5．My brother jumps ________ (far) in our school. He is so great.
6. The animals in the zoo are usually　　　　　(wake)at night.
7. His grandma went to hospital and her　　　　　(ill)is so serious.
8. Although Lucy tried her best to lose weight, she didn’t　　　　　(success).
9. Pandas eat so many　　　　　(bamboo)every day.
10. A wolf is much　　　　　(wild)than a dog.
三、根据首字母提示写单词
1．Every year thousands of t______ come to visit my hometown．
2．The Great Wall is an a_______ man-made object．
3．Many animals are in danger．We should do something to p______ them．
4．Work hard and you can a______ your dream．
5．It’s midnight，but I am not asleep，I am still a______．
6.Does your price of the bike i ________ this light
7.Don’t give up on him. Believe me, he is a winner. He will try until he s ________.
8.Don’t worry too much about your son. He is not a kid but an a ________ now.
9.Don’t worry. Cathy isn’t a small kid any more, she’s an a ________now.
10.Every year, Hangzhou receives many visitors from all over the world, i ________ Britain and France.
四、连词成句。
1．the，what’s，cheapest，in，the，car，store
_______________________________
2．Mary，her，a，is，lot，serious，more，than，sister
_______________________________．
3．David，as，is，as，me，clever
_______________________________．
4．the，animals，has，more，zoo，than，that，one
_______________________________．
5．the，theater，best，what’s，movie
_______________________________
一、单项选择 1. A 解析：“three-year-old”是复合形容词，作定语修饰名词，中间用连字符，名词用单数，A 选项正确。 2. D 解析：“1704 米长”可以表达为“1704 meters long”，A、B 选项形式错误，C 选项缺少“-”，D 选项正确。 3. D 解析：“An adult panda”是第三人称单数，“weigh”的三单形式是“weighs”，“many times”表示“许多倍”，D 选项正确。 4. C 解析：根据回答“它长 550 米，宽 350 米”，可知是问广场的大小，用“How big”，C 选项正确。 5. A 解析：“The + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越......，越......”，“less”是“little”的比较级，“healthy”的比较级是“healthier”，A 选项正确。 6. B 解析：“run towards”表示“朝......跑”，B 选项符合语境。 7. D 解析：“another”表示“另一个”；“others”后不接名词；“other”后接名词复数；“the other”表示“两者中的另一个”，街道有两边，D 选项正确。 8. C 解析：“ever”用于疑问句，表示“曾经”，C 选项正确。 9. C 解析：“teach sb. to do sth.”教某人做某事，C 选项正确。 10. A 解析：“belong to”属于，A 选项符合语境。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. worst 解析：根据“among all the members”可知用最高级，“bad”的最高级是“worst”。 2. best 解析：三者比较用最高级，“well”的最高级是“best”。 3. the most slowly 解析：“in our class”表示范围，用最高级，“slowly”的最高级是“the most slowly”。 4. the most carefully 解析：“in our class”表示范围，用最高级，“carefully”的最高级是“the most carefully”。 5. farthest 解析：“in our school”表示范围，用最高级，“far”的最高级是“farthest”。 6. awake 解析：“be awake”醒着的。 7. illness 解析：“her”后接名词，“ill”的名词是“illness”。 8. succeed 解析：“didn't”后接动词原形。 9. bamboo 解析：“bamboo”是不可数名词。 10. wilder 解析：“than”前用比较级，“wild”的比较级是“wilder”。 三、根据首字母提示写单词 1. tourists 解析：“thousands of”后接名词复数，“tourist”游客，复数是“tourists”。 2. ancient 解析：“ancient”古老的，“The Great Wall is an ancient man-made object.”长城是古老的人造物体。 3. protect 解析：“protect”保护，“Many animals are in danger. We should do something to protect them.”许多动物处于危险中，我们应该做些事来保护它们。 4. achieve 解析：“achieve”实现，“Work hard and you can achieve your dream.”努力工作你就能实现梦想。 5. awake 解析：“be awake”醒着的。 6. include 解析：“include”包括，“Does your price of the bike include this light ”你的自行车价格包括这个灯吗？ 7. succeeds 解析：“succeed”成功，“He will try until he succeeds.”他会一直尝试直到成功。 8. adult 解析：“adult”成年人，“He is not a kid but an adult now.”他现在不是孩子而是成年人了。 9. adult 解析：同 8 题。 10. including 解析：“including”包括，“Every year, Hangzhou receives many visitors from all over the world, including Britain and France.”每年，杭州接待来自世界各地的许多游客，包括英国和法国。 四、连词成句 1. What’s the cheapest car in the store 2. Mary is a lot more serious than her sister. 3. David is as clever as me. 4. The zoo has more animals than that one. 5. What’s the best movie theater