2025年高考英语题型解析 03-题型二 阅读理解 课件

(共706张PPT)
2025年高考英语解题技巧
题型二 阅读理解
名校模拟
记叙文
Passage 1
词数：317 难度：易 建议用时：7′ 正确率：
（2023苏北四市联考）An 89-year-old man, Manfred Steiner, has reached a goal
he spent 20 years working toward and nearly a lifetime thinking about: earning his Ph.
D.And now he is a physicist.
Steiner values this degree because it is what he always wanted and because he
overcame health problems that could have affected his studies. "But I made it, and this
was the most satisfactory point in my life," he said.
When he was young, Steiner wanted to become a physicist after reading about
Albert Einstein. But his mother and uncle persuaded him that studying medicine would
be a better choice. He earned his medical degree in 1955 and moved to the US soon
after.
Steiner studied hematology（血液学） at Tufts University and biochemistry at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He became a full professor and led the
hematology department at Brown University's medical school from 1985 to 1994.
Steiner helped establish a research program in hematology at the University of North
Carolina. He directed that program until he retired from medicine in 2000.
Steiner found medical research pleasing, but it was not quite the same as his
interest in physics. "It was something like a wish that was never fulfilled and always
stuck in my head," he said. At age 70, he started taking undergraduate classes.
Physics professor Brad Marston was surprised when Steiner entered his quantum
mechanics class. But he became Steiner's adviser on his dissertation（学位论文） after
realizing how serious Steiner was about the subject and how hard he worked. "He has
written many papers on medical science, more papers than I've written on physics,"
Marston said. "One thing that's really true about Manfred is that he perseveres."
After the university published a story about Steiner on its website, people across
the US contacted him to ask for advice on how to go after their dreams later in life.
His advice is: Do what you love to do.
主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习——89岁圆梦博士学位
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Steiner 70岁时学习物理本科课程，89岁时获得物
理学博士学位，因此成了美国所有追梦者的榜样的故事。
1.Why did Steiner value his degree in physics ( )
B
A.It solved his health problems. B.It was his long-pursued dream.
C.It met his mother's expectation. D.It was inspired by Albert Einstein.
【解析】 细节理解题。定：根据题干关键词"value his degree"定位到第二段。比:根据
第二段第一句中的"Steiner values this degree because it is what he always wanted"可
知，Steiner重视他的物理学博士学位是因为这是他一直追求的梦想。换:B项中的"his
long-pursued dream"与原文中的"what he always wanted"是同义替换。
2.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about ( )
C
A.Steiner's contributions to teaching.
B.Steiner's researches after retirement.
C.Steiner's achievements in hematology.
D.Steiner's performances at Tufts University.
【解析】 段落大意题。通读第四段可知，Steiner在塔夫茨大学学习血液学，1985年至
1994年成为布朗大学医学院的正教授并领导血液科；Steiner帮助建立了北卡罗来纳大学
的血液学研究项目，他指导这个项目直到2000年退休。据此可知，第四段介绍了Steiner
在血液学领域的成就。
3.What impressed Professor Marston most about Steiner ( )
C
A.His taking undergraduate classes at 70.
B.His writing more papers on physics.
C.His sticking to becoming a physicist.
D.His being a role model for Americans.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词Professor Marston定位到第六段。比:根据第
六段内容尤其是尾句"One thing…he perseveres"可知，Steiner给物理学教授Brad
Marston留下最深刻印象的是他坚持不懈地要成为物理学家。换:C项中的"sticking to"与
原文中的"perseveres"是同义替换。
4.Which of the following can best describe Steiner ( )
D
A.Active and open-minded. B.Enthusiastic and easy-going.
C.Intelligent and warm-hearted. D.Perseverant and hard-working.
【解析】 推理判断题。定:题干问的是"以下哪个最能描述Steiner "，对于此类题目需要
全文定位，寻找描述人的相关词汇、短语或句子。 比:根据第六段尾句中的"he
perseveres"可知，Steiner坚持不懈；根据第六段第二句中的"how hard he worked"可知，
Steiner很努力。换:D选项中的"Perseverant"与原文中的"perseveres"是同根词，"hard-
working"与原文中的"how hard he worked"是同义替换。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 overcome v.克服，解决 direct v.领导，指导 fulfill v.实现；满足 mechanics
n.力学;机械学
reach a goal 达到目标 retire from 从……退休
派生词汇 satisfy v.使满意；使满足→satisfactory adj.令人满意的，合适的
复合词汇 lifetime n.一生，终身
undergraduate n.本科生
熟词新义 paper 常用义:n.纸；报纸 本文义:n.（研究）论文
【盖老师教你拆长难句】
翻译：Steiner非常重视这个学位，因为这是他一直想要的，还因为他克服了原本可能影
响他学业的健康问题。
Passage 2
词数：292 难度：易 建议用时：7′ 正确率：
（2022山东济南模拟）［立德树人］No pain, no gain. This is especially true for
Amanda Gorman. In 2021, she became the youngest poet to write and read her work
at the presidential inauguration（就职典礼）.The 22-year-old impressed the audience
with The Hill We Climb, which referred to both painful history and hope for the
future.
You wouldn't know it from her delivery of her poem at the inauguration, but up
until a few years ago， she struggled to overcome her speech problem. For much of
her life, including when she was still an undergraduate at Harvard, Gorman had
trouble pronouncing the letter "R".
Her situation not only presented difficulties, but also had benefits."I think it made
me all that much stronger as a writer when you have to teach yourself how to say
words from zero. I think of my speech trouble not as a weakness or a disability, but
as one of my greatest strengths."
To practice saying the letter, she'd listen repeatedly to one song packed with
"R"s — Aaron Burr, Sir from Lin-Manuel Miranda's musical Hamilton.She would try
to keep up with the singer as he was doing the rap. She believed if she could train
herself to do this song, then she could train herself to say the letter "R" correctly.
Sure enough， rapping along with Miranda's fast-paced rhymes worked, and Gorman's
performance of her piece， The Hill We Climb， ranked among the highlights of the
inauguration.
Overcoming the speech problem is a milestone for her. Gorman said she owed a
lot to the Pulitzer Prize-winning musical. That was why she included a few references
to Hamilton in her inspiring poem， some of which the author of Hamilton noticed.
He praised her performance in a post. "You were perfect. Perfectly written, perfectly
delivered."
主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习——克服发音障碍
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Gorman为了克服发音问题，进行了很多练习，最
终战胜了困难的故事。
1.What did Gorman do to impress the audience at the inauguration ( )
B
A.Share her painful story. B.Read her poem in public.
C.Write a poem in real time. D.Express concern for future.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"impress，inauguration"定位到第一段。比:
根据第一段中的"In 2021, she…for the future"可知，Gorman在总统就职典礼上公开读
诗，这令观众印象深刻，与B项一致。A、D项，The Hill We Climb这首诗提到了她痛
苦的故事和对未来的希望，这是诗的内容。C项，Write a poem是对的，in real time表
示"实时"，Gorman没有在现场写诗。换:B项中的"Read her poem"与原文中的"read her
work"是同义替换。
2.Which word used to be difficult for Gorman to read properly ( )
D
A.Amanda. B.Mickey. C.Hamilton. D.Miranda.
【解析】 推理判断题。定:题干中的"difficult"与原文中的"trouble"为同义替换,因此定位
到第二段。比:根据第二段中的"For much of…the letter ‘R’"可知，字母"R"的发音对
Gorman来说很难。由此可推知，Gorman之前很难正确读出带有字母R的词。D项
"Miranda"中有字母"r",符合题意。
3.Why did Gorman learn to sing Aaron Burr, Sir ( )
C
A.To win wide recognition. B.To train her singing skills.
C.To improve pronunciation. D.To learn fast-paced styles.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"Aaron Burr, Sir"定位到第四段。比:根据第
四段中的"To practice saying…musical Hamilton"可知，Gorman学唱Aaron Burr, Sir是为
了练习字母"R"的发音，以提高发音水平。换:C项"To improve pronunciation"与原文中
的"To practice saying the letter"是同义替换。
4.What can we learn from Gorman's story ( )
B
A.Learn to walk before you run. B.Practice breaks down barriers.
C.Power of role models is great. D.Poem writing is key to success.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的"For much of…pronouncing the letter ‘R’"以及
第四段中的"To practice saying…musical Hamilton"可知，Gorman在发字母"R"的音上有
困难，为了练习这个字母的发音，她会反复听一首有大量字母"R"的歌曲；再根据最后
一段中的"Overcoming the speech problem is a milestone for her"可知，克服发音问题
对她来说是一个里程碑。由此可推知，通过Gorman的故事，我们知道:练习可以被除障
碍。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 rhyme n.（字、词） 押韵 impress sb. with… ……给某人留下深刻印象
refer to 提及，谈到 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 pack with 用……充满 keep up
with 跟上，紧跟
派生词汇 pain n.疼痛，伤痛→painful adj.（情形、记忆或经历）痛苦的，疼痛的 weak
adj.虚弱的，无力的→weakness n.缺点，不足→weaken v.（使）虚弱，削弱
复合词汇 highlight n.最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分 milestone n.里程碑；重要
事件，转折点
熟词新义 delivery 常用义:n.递送，投递 本文义:n.演讲风格，演说方式
Passage 3
词数：329 难度：易 建议用时：7′ 正确率：
（2023湖北武汉调研）A mild-mannered cat by day, at night Rusty was just the
opposite. Often, Bill and I would lie in bed quarrelling over whether we should let it
out to wander in the dark or put up with another sleepless night.
So, instead, we lay in the dark each noisy night and wondered what damage
Rusty would do. And always in the morning, if I had forgotten to put the butter in
the cupboard, there were marks from a rough, little tongue and once even a paw print.
Something had to give. Bill looked at me straight in the eyes, "Do it." My
reservations were such that it took me several weeks to decide because we didn't have
much choice.
That night, I put Rusty on his cat bed and patted him a little guiltily on the head.
Then I began filling the kitchen sink with about two inches of water. Rusty loved
jumping into a damp sink and then tracking water all over the cupboards and across
the kitchen floor. According to the article I saved from a website to my folder, cats
used to jumping into your sink won't do it again if they jump in and find a couple of
inches of water.
Next, I cleared the cupboards of everything. Then I got out all my metal cookie
sheets and a fork to go with each. According to the article, you should support a
cookie sheet with a fork. When your cat jumps on the counter, he will knock down
the insecurely balanced cookie sheets. What happens next will stop him from doing it
a second time.
Everything in place, I slipped onto our bed quietly, waiting. Suddenly, there came
an awfully loud noise of metal, and a chain reaction of crashes next. Finally, Rusty
rounded the corner in the hall heavily and leaped through our doorway onto the foot
of our bed, trembling under our cover. And that was the night Rusty, the Midnight
Troublemaker, retired.
主题语境:人与自然——人与动物——与猫的"较量"
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者家的猫总是在晚上制造噪声影响他们休息，所
以，作者根据网上的攻略，设置了两个陷阱，此后猫再也不在半夜惹麻烦了的故事。
1.Which of the following best describes Rusty at night ( )
D
A.Cold-blooded. B.Adorable. C.Good-tempered. D.Troublesome.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干中的关键词"Rusty""at night"定位到第一段。比:根
据第一段中的mild-mannered cat by day和just the opposite可以判断夜里Rusty的行为与
mild-mannered（老实的）相反，也就是说Rusty夜里不老实。A项"冷血的"，B项"可爱的
",C项"脾气好的"均与不老实无关。换:Troublesome表示"引起麻烦的"与不老实同义。
2.What did Bill mean by saying "Do it" ( )
B
A.To leave the cat outdoors. B.To give the cat a lesson.
C.To reserve food for the cat. D.To give the cat more butter.
【解析】 推理判断题。定:题干问的是"Bill说‘Do it’是什么意思？"。根据"Do it"定位
到文章第三段（第三段出现了这个关键词，但第三段比较短，后面第四段、第五段才是
具体的描述）。比:根据定位段后文第四段中的"I began filling the kitchen sink with
about two inches of water…won't do it again"和第五段中的"I got out all my metal
cookie sheets and a fork…stop him from doing it a second time"可以推断，作者想通
过一些方法给猫一个教训，让猫在夜晚安静下来并且以后再也不敢制造噪声，故B项正
确。
3.What did the writer do before she went to bed that night ( )
B
A.She filled the sink with water. B.She laid two traps for the cat.
C.She covered the counter with sheets. D.She cleaned the kitchen thoroughly.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干中的关键词"that night"定位到第四、五段。比:根据
第四段中的"I began filling the kitchen sink with about two inches of water"和第五段
中的"I got out all my metal cookie sheets and a fork to go with each"可知，作者在
睡前给猫设置了两个陷阱，故B项正确。
盖老师来提醒
A项——以偏概全。结合文章可知，A项只是作者在睡前设置的其中一个陷阱，不足以
全面概括。
4.How did the author probably feel about the outcome of her effort ( )
A
A.Satisfied. B.Disappointed. C.Anxious. D.Regretful.
【解析】 推理判断题。定：根据题干中的关键词"the outcome of her effort"及"题文同
序"原则可知，故事的结局应定位到文章最后一段。比：根据最后一段中的"And that
was the night Rusty, the Midnight Troublemaker, retired"可知，经过作者的努力，爱在
夜里捣乱的猫终于从此安静了下来，故可推断作者对自己努力的结果应该是感到满意的。
盖盖有方法
记叙文通常按照故事的时间顺序和故事发展的先后顺序来出题，本篇文章的故事发展脉
络是:猫捣乱→作者想给猫一个教训→设置了两个陷阱→对陷阱的结果很满意。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 quarrel v.争吵，吵架 wander v.漫游，游荡，漫步 crash n.巨响，碰撞声；撞
车；碰撞 tremble v.（因害怕、紧张、兴奋等）颤抖，哆嗦 put up with 忍受，容忍
knock down 撞倒，击倒，推倒
派生词汇 guilt n.内疚→guilty adj.内疚的，羞愧的→guiltily adv.内疚地；有罪地 awful
adj.糟糕的；骇人听闻的，可怕的→awfully adv.非常；可怕地
Passage 4
词数：320 难度：易 建议用时：7′ 正确率：
（2023海南海口调研）One of the reasons I became a teacher was how much I
loved the reading and writing process, and how excited I was to help young children
develop as readers and writers. One day, I discovered a work of Vivian Paley, who
developed a storytelling curriculum（课程） for young children, which involves writing
down the contents of students' drawings and having their classmates act out these
stories. I was immediately drawn to Paley's focus on drama.
One morning, as my students gathered in our classroom for our writing lesson, I
told them that they could draw anything they'd like, imaginary or real.
They discussed with one another what they liked to draw and some shared their ideas
loud, which helped inspire those who weren't ready with their own ideas. For the next
half hour or so, I observed that even my most hesitant and unwilling students were
drawing with a sense of concentration and purpose.
Later, we sat in a circle and I explained that we would act out some of their
stories. The writer would choose classmates to be the characters in the story, and I
would tell the story. Then a student stood up to announce which characters she'd need.
I watched as one student played a rabbit, another played a fairy, and another played a
rainbow cloud. When the play was over, the actors and the "director" bowed, and the
class clapped for them. The next "director" jumped to her feet, shouting, "My story is
the next!"
After I taught in this way, my students began to write down their own stories,
though I always provided aid in the writing process when they needed. The goal of
these lessons is not to turn my students into fluent writers in kindergarten but to
provide them with the chance to become writers, to see themselves as storytellers, and
to experience the magical feeling when their ideas come to life.
主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习——特殊的课堂形式
本文是一篇记叙文。作者受到Vivian Paley的课程模式的启发，决定采取特殊的课
堂形式，鼓励学生画出自己创作的故事并把它和其他同学一起演出来，从而让学生感受
创作的乐趣。
1.What does Paley's curriculum mainly ask students to do ( )
C
A.Tell stories. B.Draw pictures. C.Create plays. D.Practise acting.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"Paley's curriculum"定位到文章第一段。比:
根据第一段中的"a work of Vivian Paley…writing down the contents of students'
drawings and having their classmates act out these stories"可知，Paley的课程要求学生
把画中的内容写出来，然后让学生根据写出来的故事进行表演。换:C项"Create plays"与
原文中的"act out these stories"是同义替换。故选C。
2.What encouraged the inactive students to start to draw ( )
A
A.Other students' ideas. B.The author's instruction.
C.The inspiration from books. D.Their experience of painting.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:题干关键词"inactive students"与原文中的"hesitant and
unwilling students"是同义替换，因此定位到文章第二段。比:根据第二段中的"They
discussed with one another…a sense of concentration and purpose"可知，一些学生的讨
论和分享给那些还没想好画什么的学生提供了灵感，大约半个小时后即使那些最犹豫最
不情愿的学生也开始画画了。换:A项中的"ideas"是原文中"ideas"的原词复现。故选A。
3.How did the students eventually feel in that morning's class ( )
D
A.Confused. B.Concerned. C.Relaxed. D.Interested.
【解析】 推理判断题。定:根据题干关键词"in that morning's class"定位到文章第二段
和第三段。比:第二段中的"even my most hesitant…a sense of concentration and
purpose"和第三段中的"When the play was over…shouting,‘My story is the next!’"可知，
在作者的课堂上即使那些最犹豫最不情愿的学生也开始画画了，学生们也非常积极地要
把自己的画演出来。因此学生们应是对作者的课堂很感兴趣。换:D项"Interested"是对原
文学生情绪的话外音替换。故选D。
4.Why does the author plan such special lessons ( )
D
A.To help students write more fluently.
B.To get students more drawing inspiration.
C.To set students the goal of becoming writers.
D.To make students know the joy of composition.
【解析】 推理判断题。定:题干关键词"plan"与原文中的"goal"是同义替换，因此定位到
文章第四段。比:根据第四段中的"to provide them with the chance to become
writers…experience the magical feeling when their ideas come to life"可知，作者设计
这样特别的课堂是为了让学生了解创作的乐趣。换:D项"To make students know the
joy of composition"是对原文的概括替换。故选D。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 process n.过程 v.加工，处理 involve v.包括；参加，投入 drawing n.图画；
绘画（艺术） hesitant adj.犹豫的 unwilling adj.不情愿的
派生词汇 immediate adj.立即的→immediately adv.立即 image n.印象→imagine v.想象
→imaginary adj.想象的 concentrate v.集中（注意力）→concentration n.专心，专注
【盖老师教你拆长难句】
翻译：有一天，我发现了一部Vivian Paley的作品，她为幼儿开发了一个讲故事的课程，
包括写出学生的画的内容，并让他们的同学将这些故事表演出来。
Passage 5
词数：253 难度：中 建议用时：8′ 正确率：
（2024重庆名校联考）Shawanee Patrick is passionate about giving everyone the
ability to walk as comfortably and effectively as possible through the use of walking
assistive devices, such as prosthetics（义肢） and orthotics. A PhD student in the
J.Mike Walker' 66 Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University,
Patrick was inspired to help develop better walking assistive devices by the partial
paralysis（瘫痪） of her grandmother.
Her research focuses on developing and improving walking assistive devices by
determining what inputs are important and outcomes that could improve the design
process. "I'd like to say my research is about how to help people who can't walk be
able to walk, and how to help those who do walk to walk better," Patrick said.
"That's my aim. Walking improves the quality of life, so it's really important that we
help those facing challenges when we can."
Patrick said the process of conducting her research includes investigating the users'
needs from various angles. From the perspective of the users themselves to their
physician and family members, Patrick said it is necessary to build a complete picture
of them.
Patrick is determined to make a positive impact on the lives of the people she
works with as well as the thousands more like them. Although the specific project she
is working on will not be going to the market, Patrick said she is hopeful that the
research she is conducting could one day influence the development of a product that
makes its way to those who could greatly benefit from the support.
主题语境:人与社会——科技——矫正具
本文是一篇记叙文。博士生Shawanee Patrick通过研究义肢和矫正器等行走辅助设
备，想让每个人都能尽可能舒适有效地行走，其目标是在力所能及的情况下帮助那些不
能行走的人行走起来，帮助能行走的人走得更好。
1.What inspired Patrick to start the project ( )
B
A.Her strong desire to help the old.
B.Her grandmother's disability.
C.Her assignment in university.
D.Her enthusiasm about mechanical engineering.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"inspired Patrick"定位到第一段最后一句。
比:根据定位句中的"Patrick was inspired to…by the partial paralysis（瘫痪） of her
grandmother"可知，Patrick开始研发更好的行走辅助设备是受到其祖母局部瘫痪的启发。
换:选项B"Her grandmother's disability"与原文中的"partial paralysis（瘫痪） of her
grandmother"是同义替换。
2.What is the purpose of Patrick's research ( )
C
A.To figure out the facts about inputs.
B.To cope with the important challenges.
C.To improve the lives of those in need.
D.To perfect the design process.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:题干关键词"purpose"与原文中的"aim"为同义替换，因此定
位到第二段倒数第二句。比:根据定位句及其前后文"I'd like to say my research
is…when we can"可知，Patrick研究的目的是帮助那些不能走路的人能够走路以及帮助
那些能走路的人走得更好，即提高那些需要帮助的人的生活质量。换:选项C中的
"improve the lives of"与原文中的"improves the quality of life"是同义替换。
3.What was the necessary step when Patrick conducted the research ( )
B
A.Removing the pandemic.
B.Fully understanding the users' demands.
C.Investigating the users' health and availability.
D.Contacting the users' physician and family members.
【解析】 推理判断题。定:根据题干关键词"necessary step"和"Patrick conducted the
research"定位到第三段。比:根据定位段内容可知，Patrick的研究过程包括从不同角度来
调查用户的需求，因为她认为有必要对用户进行全面的了解。换:选项B"Fully
understanding the users' demands"与原文中的"investigating the users' needs from
various angles"是同义替换。
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text ( )
D
A.A New Cure for the Disabled
B.A Medical Project for Painful Patients
C.A Walking Device Invented by a Doctor
D.A Helpful Project Launched by a Student
【解析】 标题判断题。主旨句推断：根据全文内容尤其是首段中的"A PhD student…of her grandmother"可知，本文讲述了由博士生Patrick发起的对义肢和矫正器等行走辅助设备的研究，旨在提高行走不便之人的生活质量，故D项"一个学生发起的有用的项目"作为本文标题最为合适。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 inspire v.赋予灵感，激发（想法） conduct v.实施；进行 investigate v.调查，
研究 be passionate about… 对……狂热的 make one's way 想方设法进入；前往某处
派生词汇 comfort n.舒服，舒适→comfortable adj.令人舒适的→comfortably adv.舒适地
effect n.作用，影响→effective adj.有效的→effectively adv.有效地
复合词汇 input n.投入，输入；输入的信息 outcome n.结果，效果
【盖老师教你拆长难句】
翻译：虽然她正在做的具体项目将不会上市，但帕特里克说，她希望她正在进行的研究
有一天可以影响产品的开发，以惠及那些可以从支持中受益的人。
Passage 6
词数：310 难度：中 建议用时：8′ 正确率：
（2024山东济南高三期末）Most teenagers kill time playing video games, or
surfing TikTok. But it's not so for William Gadoury, a 14-year-old from Quebec.
William Gadoury has been crazy about the Mayans for most of his childhood, ever
since his grandparents bought him books about the civilization. What started as a
hobby at age 12 snowballed into serious research, and he theorized that the locations
of Mayan cities might correspond to stars in Mayan constellations（星座）.
Using ancient books, Gadoury analyzed 22 Mayan constellation maps and covered
the positions onto HERE WeGo images of the Yucatan Peninsula, which to this day is
home to large local populations and some best-preserved architecture from Mayan
culture. He would track the constellations from HERE WeGo using special sheets,
covering them onto the position of Mayan cities on a paper map. The teen was able
to show that 117 Mayan cities matched up with the position of the stars, with the
brightest stars representing bigger cities.
But when Gadoury was working on the 23rd Mayan constellation, he found a
conflict: three stars, but only two ancient cities on HERE WeGo. The third star
pointed to a location on the Mexico-Belize border. However, the area was covered
with thick jungle, leaving Gadoury stuck.
Luckily, he asked Canadian Space Agency（CSA） for images from their
RADARSAT-2 satellite. Indeed, there was a square, man-made-looking structure in the
heavy forest. Gadoury then learned a fire had swept across the region, thinning out the
grass cover. He found images from the agency, and eventually concluded that there
was indeed a city there.
Gadoury's findings eventually took him into the jungle in 2022 to search on foot,
along with scientist Francisco Estrada-Belli. The team discovered a farming village
deep in the Mexican jungle, which showed the "backbone" of the Maya's long-term
success, which was down to their ability to work the land and support large cities.
主题语境:人与社会——人物故事——一名男孩发现玛雅城市的位置秘密
本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的男孩Gadoury与其他玩电子游戏或刷TikTok的孩子不同，
他专心研究玛雅文明，推测玛雅城市的位置可能与玛雅星座中星星的位置相对应，据此
他和一位科学家发现了一个玛雅农庄。
1.What are Gadoury's findings mainly about ( )
D
A.The villages in the Mexican jungle. B.The images from CSA satellites.
C.The origins of Mayan culture. D.The locations of Mayan cities.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"Gadoury's findings"与原文中的"he theorized
that"为同义替换，因此定位到第一段尾句。比:根据定位句中的"he theorized that the
locations…Mayan constellations（星座）"可知，Gadoury通过研究推测，玛雅城市的位
置可能与玛雅星座中的星星相对应。换：D项是定位句中"the locations of Mayan cities"
的原词复现。故选D。
2.How did Gadoury carry out his research according to Paragraph 2 ( )
C
A.By tracking the best-preserved building on maps.
B.By analyzing 117 Mayan cities in ancient books.
C.By checking star maps against satellite images.
D.By updating HERE WeGo on the Internet.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"Paragraph 2"定位到文章第二段。比:根据
"Gadoury analyzed 22 Mayan constellation maps…the Yucatan Peninsula"以及"He
would track…cities on a paper map"可知，Gadoury通过对照HERE WeGo地图和玛雅星
图研究玛雅城市的位置。故选C。A项，"通过追踪地图上保存最完好的建筑"错误，文
章第2段只是说"尤卡坦半岛仍有一些保存最完好的玛雅文化建筑"，并不是说通过追踪
地图上保存最完好的建筑来研究玛雅城市的位置。B项，"通过分析古籍中的117座玛雅
城市"错误，文章第2段说的是"利用古籍分析了22个玛雅星座图"，而不是117座玛雅城
市。D项，"通过在互联网上更新HERE WeGo"错误，文中并未提及更新HERE WeGo。
换:C项中的"checking star maps against satellite images"与原文中的"track the
constellations from HERE WeGo"是同义替换。
3.What made it difficult for Gadoury to find the third city of the 23rd Mayan
constellation ( )
A
A.A thick forest. B.A forest fire. C.Fund shortage. D.Bad weather.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"the 23rd Mayan constellation"定位到文章第
三段第一句。比:根据定位句后文"the area was covered with thick jungle, leaving
Gadoury stuck"可知，因为森林覆盖问题，Gadoury难以找到第三个城市。换:A项中的
"thick forest"与原文中的"thick jungle"是同义替换。
4.Which of the following best describes Gadoury ( )
B
A.Cheerful. B.Intelligent. C.Ambitious. D.Sympathetic.
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了14岁的男孩Gadoury专心研究玛
雅文明，通过比对地图和玛雅星图最终发现了一个玛雅农庄的故事。由此推知，
Gadoury是一个聪明的孩子。cheerful"快乐的，高兴的"，ambitious"有雄心的"，
sympathetic"同情的，有同情心的"。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 civilization n.文明 architecture n.建筑；建筑风格 eventually adv.最后，终于
be crazy about… 热衷于…… correspond to 与……相一致 match up with…和……匹配
复合词汇 snowball v.滚雪球般迅速增大（或趋于严重、变得重要等） best-preserved
adj.保存最完好的
backbone n.支柱；脊柱
【盖老师教你拆长难句】
翻译：当他12岁时的一个爱好逐渐演变为严肃的
研究之后，他推测玛雅城市的位置可能与玛雅星
座中的星星相对应。
翻译：研究小组在墨西哥丛林深处发现了一个农庄，
这个村庄展现了玛雅人长期成功的"支柱"，这归因
于他们拥有耕种土地和支撑大城市的能力。
Passage 7
词数：313 难度：中 建议用时：8′ 正确率：
（2024吉林五校模考）［时代热点］Leia was fresh out of college when she
began working as a member of a business-development team at a mid-size tech
company. Though her skills had earned her the job, she was the youngest person in
the team. "Everybody else was pretty much twice my age," she says. "I heard about
comments being made behind my back. There were a couple of times when my
superiors referred to my age right in front of me, saying I was too young, ‘What does
a 23-year-old know about these things ’"
Leia tried to change things by altering her appearance at work. "I changed the
way I dressed. I tried to make myself look older and more ‘ladylike’. I changed my
mannerisms and tried to act older," she says. "It worked, to an extent." The comments
about her age and perceived inexperience lessened, but Leia says she still felt like her
growth potential was limited. She left the company soon after.
What Leia experienced was ageism traditionally seen as something only older
people face. For instance, older workers might be judged based on assumptions that
they won't fit in with the progressive office dynamics or learn technology quickly. A
US study showed that nearly two-thirds of workers aged 45 and older had seen or
experienced age discrimination. But younger workers face age discrimination, too. In
fact, new research shows it may actually be the youngest team members who are
bearing the impact of workplace ageism right now.
Leia says removing ageism entirely will ultimately require a fundamental change
to corporate culture, which has long tied seniority（资历） to skill. "We prize years of
experience a little too much, and I don't think years of experience and skill are
necessarily related," she says. "Steve Jobs was 21 when he founded Apple. We don't
know how much younger people actually have to contribute. Hopefully, more
employers are realizing it."
主题语境:人与社会——社会热点问题——工作中的年龄歧视
本文是一篇记叙文。刚从大学毕业时，Leia就开始在一家中型科技公司的业务开发
团队工作，因为自己是团队中最年轻的人，所以其他同事质疑其能力，她遭受了年龄歧
视。Leia认为，彻底消除年龄歧视需要从根本上改变将资历与技能联系在一起的企业文
化。
1.What was the main topic of Leia's superiors about her ( )
B
A.Her job skills. B.Her young age.
C.Her cute appearance. D.Her family background.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"Leia's superiors"定位到第一段最后一句。
比:根据定位句"There were a couple…‘What does a 23-year-old know about these
things ’"可知，关于Leia，她的上司们主要谈论她相对较小的年龄。换:选项B"Her
young age"与原文"my age"和"I was too young"是同义替换。
2.Why didn't Leia stay any longer at the company ( )
D
A.She failed to make herself look more ladylike.
B.She received more negative comments.
C.She felt pressure from her work to an extent.
D.She wanted more space for her growth potential.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:题干中"didn't Leia stay any longer at the company"与原文
中的"She left the company"为同义替换，因此定位到第二段最后两句。比:根据定位句
中的"but Leia says she still…company soon after"可知，Leia离开那家公司是因为她觉
得自己的成长潜力很受限。这与D项一致。换:选项D"She wanted more space for her
growth potential（她想要更多的空间来发挥自己的成长潜力）"是原文中的"her growth
potential was limited（她的成长潜力很受限）"的话外音替换。
3.Which statement agrees with the US study the most ( )
C
A.Only older people face age discrimination at work.
B.Young workers can't fit in with a progressive office.
C.Workers over 45 are very likely to meet ageism.
D.Young workers are seriously affected by ageism.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"the US study"定位到第三段第三句。比:根
据定位句前一句"older workers might be judged…or learn technology quickly"及定位句
可知，通常年长的员工可能被认为无法适应先进的办公室互动或无法快速学会科技，一
项美国研究发现，将近三分之二的45岁及以上的员工遭遇过年龄歧视，由此可推知，
"45岁以上的员工很可能遭遇年龄歧视"这一陈述符合研究结果。A项，"只有老年人在工
作中面临年龄歧视"与文章第三段中倒数第二句"但是年轻人也会面临年龄歧视"表述不
一致。B项，"年轻员工不能适应先进的办公室"与文章第三段第二句中"年长的员工可能
被认为无法适应先进的办公室互动"表述不一致。D项，"年轻员工正受到年龄歧视的严
重影响"与文章第三段最后一句"年轻员工正受到职场年龄歧视的影响"表述不一致，文
中并没有说明影响的程度。换:选项C"slow technology learners"与原文中的"they won't"
和"learn technology quickly"是同义替换。
4.Why does Leia mention Steve Jobs ( )
C
A.To offer information about Apple Inc.
B.To tell about Steve Jobs' unknown contribution.
C.To say that skill does not always come with age.
D.To show that skill alone matters to young people.
【解析】 推理判断题。定:根据题干关键词"Steve Jobs"定位到文章尾段倒数第三句。
比:根据定位句及其前后文"We prize years…are realizing it"可知，Jobs创立苹果公司的
时候才21岁，Leia提及Steve Jobs是为了说明经验和技能没有必然的联系，年轻人也会
有很大贡献。换:选项C"skill does not always come with age"与原文中的"I don't think
years of experience and skill are necessarily related"是同义替换。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 comment n.评论，意见 alter v.改变，改动 potential n.（人的）潜能，潜力
discrimination n.歧视，区别对待 remove v.去除（障碍或限制） fundamental adj.根本
的，基本的 to an extent 在一定程度上
派生词汇 experience n.经历；经验→inexperience n.缺乏经验，经验不足 progress n.进
步，进展→progressive adj.进步的，先进的
熟词新义 superior 常用义:adj.更强的；更好的；（在级别、重要性或职位上）更高的
本文义:n.上级，上司
Passage 8
词数：290 难度：中 建议用时：8′ 正确率：
（2023云南昆明质检）A dad says he's built a special bond with his two-year-old
daughter after running a series of long-distance races with her strapped（用带子系好）
to his back.
Chris Greenbank, 36, a stonemason（石匠） from Stockport, Greater Manchester,
even managed to complete a half marathon carrying the youngster in a special hiking
carrier.
The single father, who has suffered from anxiety in the past, has been raising
money for mental health support group Project 23. The group, which helps people with
anxiety and mental health problems, was set up by Chris's friend Mark Sproston.
Chris's latest race, Run North West's Festive 10k in Cheshire, was his fourth race
and he says, possibly their last one, as the kid may be too heavy in spring. Besides,
Chris had been a little worried if the weather would be too chilly for his daughter.
"No matter how difficult it is, I want to get us both a festive New Year medal before
it gets too cold," he added. "We have four medals now and we have run 51km in
total."
In October, it took Chris just under three hours to complete the Manchester Half
with his daughter on his back. The dad says his little girl rested her hands on his
shoulder and kept them there for the whole duration of the run. He said, "Our bond
isn't something you can even put into words.
My heart is full." Chris, who says exercise is an important part of positive mental
health, believes there should be no reason why people can't exercise because they have
kids.
The pair also ran the Wilmslow Festive 10k in July this year and Chester Zoo
10k in October. Chris speaks of his daughter, "She loves it, and they are like mini
adventures."
主题语境:人与自我——父女亲情——父亲背着女儿跑马拉松
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位曾患有焦虑症的单身父亲Chris身背女儿参加
马拉松比赛的故事，他与女儿之间建立起一种特殊的感情纽带。
1.What do we know about Project 23 ( )
C
A.It was founded by Chris Greenbank.
B.It has organized 4 marathon events.
C.It helps people with psychological problems.
D.It offers medical care to the disabled.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"Project 23"定位到第三段。比:根据第三段
中的"The group, which helps people…Mark Sproston"可知，这个团体旨在帮助有焦虑
和心理健康问题的患者。换:选项C中的"psychological problems（心理问题）"是对原文
中的"anxiety and mental health problems（焦虑和心理健康问题）"的概括替换。
2.Why did Chris run the marathon in Cheshire with his daughter ( )
B
A.To show the public his running skills.
B.To win a medal for their New Year.
C.To raise money for his serious illness.
D.To develop his habit of doing sports.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"in Cheshire"定位到第四段。比:根据第四段
中的"No matter how difficult it is, I want to get us both a festive New Year medal
before it gets too cold"可知，Chris希望在天气变得太冷前拿到一枚新年奖牌。换:选项
B"To win a medal for their New Year"与原文中的"to get us both a festive New Year
medal"是同义替换。
3.Which of the following words can best describe Chris ( )
A
A.Caring and loving. B.Frank and demanding.
C.Ambitious and particular. D.Generous and outgoing.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句"The single father…has been raising money
for mental health support group Project 23"和第四段第二、三句"Besides, Chris had
been a little worried…New Year medal before it gets too cold，' he added"可知，曾患
焦虑症的Chris帮助Project 23筹款，且担心天太冷冻着女儿，计划在天变得太冷前不管
多难也要拿到新年奖牌。由此可知，Chris关心他人，且深爱着自己的女儿。故A项正确。
4.What is the purpose of writing the text ( )
D
A.To introduce ways to relieve anxiety.
B.To show training methods of running.
C.To involve readers in charity activities.
D.To share a story of a father and a daughter.
【解析】 写作意图题。主旨句推断:根据第一段"A dad says he's built a special bond with his two-year-old daughter after running a series of long-distance races with her strapped（用带子系好） to his back"并结合下文中的具体讲述可知，作者写本文的目的是分享一对父女的故事。故D项正确。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 bond n.纽带，联系 marathon n.马拉松赛跑 raise v.筹集，筹募；提升；举起
medal n.奖牌，勋章 a series of 一系列 suffer from 患……病，受……之苦 mental
health 心理健康
派生词汇 young adj.幼小的，年轻的→youngster n.小孩，儿童；年轻人
熟词新义 rest 常用义:n.休息（时间）；剩余部分 本文义:v.（被）支撑；（使）倚靠；托
Passage 9
词数：304 难度：中 建议用时：8′ 正确率：
（2023山东济南模拟）［立德树人］Collette Divitto, was born in 1990 with
Down syndrome（唐氏综合征） but she is far from disabled. This woman channeled
her passion for baking into a cookie business with a global mission to change the
world, one cookie at a time.
Based in Boston, Massachusetts， her company was founded in 2015.Although she
didn't plan on being a business owner， she really created jobs for disabled people
with all types of abilities. She said that she opened the bakery after receiving
numerous job interview rejections, often being told she was not "a good fit" for the
company."It was sad and it was hard," she said."To me, it felt like they didn't like me
at all because of who I am. No one would hire me, so I decided to open my own
business."
The path to success wasn't easy. Divitto's mother Rosemary Alfredo didn't want
her daughter to think of herself as different from her classmates. But this changed
when Divitto was in the fourth grade and was bullied by a boy in her class who
started calling her "Down Syndrome". Her mother had to have a conversation with her
about what it meant and from then on, Divitto worked hard to be fully accepted at
school.
Divitto is not resting on her laurels（荣誉）. A big part of her company's
mission is to help people with disabilities find jobs. She is also the author of two
children's books and she featured in the documentary Born for Business, about pioneers
with disabilities. Divitto also runs a nonprofit organization.
Her first priority is to let people start seeing the abilities in the physically
disadvantaged and to employ the 82 percent of the people with disabilities who are
capable of working but cannot find jobs. With her drive and vision, Divitto is sure to
be a success.
主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事——身残志坚
本文是一篇记叙文。Collette Divitto因患有唐氏综合征在面试中屡屡被拒，但她没
有气馁，而是开创了公司，并立志让更多的人认可残疾人的能力。
1.What drove Divitto to start her own business ( )
B
A.The desire to help others. B.The failure to find a job.
C.The prospect of the bakery. D.The passion for baking.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"start her own business"定位到第二段最后
一句。比:根据定位句"No one would hire me, so I decided to open my own business"
可知，她找不到工作，所以便自己开了这家面包店。换:B项"The failure to find a job"
与原文中的"No one would hire me"是同义替换。
2.What can we learn about Divitto from Paragraph 4 ( )
B
A.She attempts to be a pioneer. B.She aims to assist the disabled.
C.She wants to enlarge her business. D.She plans to direct a documentary.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"Paragraph 4"定位到第四段。比:根据第四段
中的"A big part…disabilities find jobs"可知，她公司的一个重要使命是帮助残疾人找到
工作。由此可知，Collette Divitto旨在帮助残疾人。换:B项中"aims to"与原文中的
"mission"是同义替换，"assist the disabled"与原文中的"help people with disabilities"是
同义替换。
3.What concerns Divitto most about the disabled ( )
D
A.Equal human rights. B.Their working conditions.
C.Chances of self-development. D.Recognition of their abilities.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:题干关键词"concerns"与原文中的"priority"是同义替换，因此定位到最后一段第一句。比:根据定位句"Her first priority…cannot find jobs"可知，她的首要任务是要让人们看到残疾人士的能力，并雇用很多有工作能力,但却因为身体状况而找不到工作的残疾人，因此她最关心的是对残疾人能力的认可。换:D项"Recognition of their abilities"与原文中的"seeing abilities"是同义替换。
盖盖有方法
有时候根据题干关键词在原文中找不到直接定位的句子，这时候考虑先将题干进行变身，
也就是说对题干进行同义替换，再在原文中进行定位。该题题干关键词"concerns"与原
文中的"priority"是同义替换，由此定位到最后一段第一句，再结合相应内容得出答案。
4.Which of the following can best describe Divitto ( )
C
A.Independent and strict. B.Ambitious and humorous.
C.Determined and responsible. D.Outgoing and knowledgeable.
【解析】 推理判断题。定:题干问的是"以下哪一项最适合描述Divitto？",需要在文中找
到对应描述Divitto的词、短语或句子。比:第二段中的"No one would hire…my own
business"表明，她虽然面试屡遭失败，但是她没有放弃，而是勇敢地面对困难，下定决
心自己开公司;第三段中的"worked hard to be fully accepted at school"表明，她在学校
努力学习，让自己被完全认可，这些都表示她很"坚定"。根据倒数第二段中的"to help
people…find jobs""runs a nonprofit organization"表明，她热衷于帮助残疾人，由此可见
她很有责任心，所以她是一个坚定的、有责任心的人。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 numerous adj.众多的 nonprofit adj.非营利的 disadvantaged adj.弱势的；社会
地位低下的 capable adj.有能力的；能干的 rest on 依赖于，依靠于
派生词汇 reject v.不录用；拒绝→rejection n.拒聘函；拒绝 physical adj.身体的
→physically adv.身体上
熟词新义 channel 常用义:n.频道；海峡 本文义:v.把……用在 run 常用义:v.跑 本文
义:v.经营，管理 feature 常用义:n.特征；v.以……为特色 本文义:v.由……主演 drive 常
用义:v.驾驶 本文义:n.干劲，积极性
Passage 10
词数：285 难度：中 建议用时：8′ 正确率：
（2023福建泉州质检）Eliana Yi dreamed of pursuing a piano performance in
college, never minding that her fingers could barely reach the length of an octave
（八度音阶）. Unable to fully play many works by Romantic-era composers including
Beethoven and Brahms, she tried anyway — and in her determination to spend hours
practicing a Chopin concerto（协奏曲）, wound up injuring herself.
The efforts of Professor Carol Leone from the Southern Methodist University
（SMU） have changed all that: Twenty years ago, the school became the first major
university in the U.S. to introduce smaller keyboards into its music program, leveling
the playing field for Yi and other piano majors.
Yi, 21 years old, tried one of the smaller keyboards， "I remember being really
excited, because my hands could actually reach and play all the right notes," she said.
For decades, few questioned the size of the traditional piano. For those with small
hand spans（掌距）, it's difficult to properly play many works of Beethoven and
Brahms. Those who attempt to play them either get used to skipping notes or risk
injury with repeated play. Leone is familiar with such challenges. Born into a family
of musicians, she favored classical music and pursued piano despite her small hand
spans and earned a doctorate in musical arts.
The idea of smaller keyboards first met resistance from some traditionalists. Leone
also said that when she raised the issue with one Viennese professor, he told her there
were already too many pianists anyway.
Though such resistance is fading, there are some very traditional people who think
of piano as a competitive thing. Leone said, "This is art. It's not sport. It's about
making as much beautiful art as possible, and we should give everybody the
opportunity to do that."
主题语境:人与社会——生活与学习——小琴键钢琴引入
本文是一篇记叙文。SMU大学的Carol Leone教授引进了小琴键钢琴，帮助掌距小
的学生实现弹奏钢琴的梦想。
1.Why did Eliana Yi find it hard to play a Chopin concerto well ( )
C
A.Her fingers got injured.
B.It was time-consuming.
C.Her hand spans were small.
D.The traditional piano was out of tune.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的"她的手指几乎不能达到八度音阶的长度"，第
二段中的"引进了更小的琴键"，第三段中的"手能够真实地触摸到并准确演奏出所有音
符"以及第四段中的"掌距小的人很难弹奏贝多芬和勃拉姆斯的很多作品"可推知，Eliana
Yi因她的掌距小而很难很好地弹奏肖邦协奏曲。故C项正确。
2.What is Paragraph 4 intended to do ( )
D
A.Summarize the previous paragraphs. B.Provide some advice for pianists.
C.Introduce a new topic for discussion. D.Add some background information.
【解析】 写作目的题。根据第四段的描述可知，该段的目的是介绍Leone引进小琴键钢
琴的背景信息。故D项正确。
3.What is the Viennese professor's attitude towards smaller keyboards ( )
C
A.Unclear. B.Objective. C.Disapproving. D.Positive.
【解析】 观点态度题。定:根据题干关键词"Viennese professor"定位到第五段第二句。
比：根据定位句"Leone also said that…there were already too many pianists anyway"可
知，当Leone提出小琴键钢琴的问题时，Viennese教授说:"无论如何都已经有了太多的钢
琴家了。""too many pianists anyway"表明他不赞成引进小琴键钢琴。unclear"不清楚的
"；objective"客观的"；disapproving"不赞成的"；positive"积极的"。
盖盖有方法
高考出题人常在某人说的话处出题，我们通过解读某人说的话可以推断出这个人的看法
和观点态度。第五段第一句话"The idea of smaller keyboards first met resistance from
some traditionalists"，尤其是句中的"resistance（反对）"说明本段讲了对小琴键钢琴的
反对意见，接下来所有的描述都是围绕这句话展开的，Viennese professor说的话就是这
句话的例证。
4.Which is the most suitable title for the text ( )
B
A.A Hard-working College Professor
B.The Story Behind Smaller Keyboard Pianos
C.Traditional Piano: a Competitive Thing
D.Yi's Road to a Brilliant Artist
【解析】 标题归纳题。快速串线法:
首段 Eliana Yi因掌距太小，刻苦训练也无法覆盖整个八度音阶
的音键（以人物故事引入）
第二段 Carol Leone引进了小琴键钢琴（文章的叙述核心）
第三段 Yi试了小琴键钢琴
第四段 Leone引进小琴键钢琴的背景
第五段 小琴键钢琴的想法最初受到了质疑
尾段 小琴键钢琴得到了理解，给每个喜欢弹钢琴的人一个机会
结论:B项"小琴键钢琴背后的故事"适合作文章的标题。 搭桥对比:
A "一个努力工作的大学教授"属于以细节代替整体，文章提到的"The efforts of Professor Carol Leone…to introduce smaller keyboards into its music program， leveling the playing field for Yi and other piano majors"都是为介绍小琴键钢琴 服务的。 ×
C "传统钢琴:竞争激烈"严重偏离主题，文章没有提到小琴键钢琴和传统钢琴的竞 争。 ×
D "Yi通往优秀的艺术家的道路"不是文章重点讲的内容，第一段用Yi的故事是为了 引出话题——小琴键钢琴，第三段引用Yi的话是为了凸显小琴键钢琴的使用感。 ×
盖盖有方法
标题判断和主旨大意这类题，可用快速串线法解题。即略读文章，重点读首段、各段主
旨句和尾段。把这些重点句子串起来就能快速掌握文章大意。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 pursue v.追求，致力于 despite prep.尽管，即使 wind up 以……告终 level
the playing field 创造人人机会均等的局面 be familiar with 熟悉；通晓
派生词汇 perform v.演出，表演→performance n.表演
determine v.下定决心→determination n.决心 resist v.阻挡，抵制→resistance n.反对，抵
制 compete v.竞争→competitive adj.竞争的
熟词新义 question 常用义:n.问题 本文义:v.质询；表示疑问
【盖老师教你拆长难句】
翻译:她无法完整演奏包括贝多芬和勃拉姆斯在内的浪漫主义时期作曲家的许多作品，
但她还是尝试了——她决心花几个小时练习肖邦协奏曲,结果弄伤了自己。
Passage 11
词数：328 难度：中 建议用时：8′ 正确率：
（2023浙江杭州质检）Kenya has been at the forefront（前沿） of the global war
on plastic since the government banned single-use plastics in protected areas in June
2020. Unfortunately, the preventive measures have barely received attention. Hundreds
of tons of industrial and consumer plastic waste continue to get dumped into landfills
daily. However, if 29-year-old Nzambi Matee has her will, the unpleasant plastic heaps
will soon be transformed into colorful bricks.
The material engineer's seeking to find a practical solution to control plastic
pollution began in 2017. She quit her job and set up a small lab in her mother's
backyard. It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to
convince a partner to help set up the machinery to make them. But the determined
eco-entrepreneur was confident in her idea and did not give up.
She says, "I wanted to use my education to handle plastic waste pollution. But I
was very clear that the solution had to be practical, sustainable, and affordable. The
best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and
finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes." Her company
produces over 1,500 bricks a day. The pavers are made using a mix of plastic
products that cannot be reprocessed or recycled.
The collected plastic is mixed with sand, heated at very high temperatures, and
compressed（压缩） into bricks that vary in color and thickness. The resulting product
is stronger, lighter, and about 30 percent cheaper than concrete bricks. More
importantly, it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic. "There is that waste they
cannot process anymore; they cannot recycle. That is what we get," Matee says.
Matee is not nearly done. Her dream is to reduce the mountain of trash to just a
hill by increasing production and expanding her offerings. She says, "The more we
recycle the plastic, the more we will produce affordable housing, the more we will
create employment for the youth."
主题语境:人与自然——环境保护——Nzambi Matee创造性地处理塑料垃圾
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了肯尼亚的Nzambi Matee利用回收的塑料和沙子混
合在一起制作成建筑用砖来解决塑料污染问题的故事。
1.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 imply ( )
A
A.Matee's method can be effective if adopted.
B.Matee's idea has been widely accepted.
C.Colorful bricks are in huge demand.
D.Plastic waste hasn't attracted enough attention.
【解析】 句意猜测题。金三句:定位第一段中画线句前一句"Hundreds of tons of
industrial…into landfills daily"及画线句所在句。知关系:根据定位句可知，肯尼亚推出
的解决塑料污染的方案并不起作用。再结合画线句前转折词However可推知，画线句讲
的应该是一个有效的解决塑料污染的方案。故选A。B项，"Matee的想法已被广泛接受"
错误，文章并未提及相关内容。C项，"彩砖需求量很大"错误，文章第三段只是说"她的
公司每天生产1 500多块砖"，并不是说砖的需求量大，过度推断了文意。D项，"塑料垃
圾还没有引起足够的重视"错误，文章第一段提到了"这些预防措施几乎没有受到重视"
属于偷换概念且与题干内容无关。
2.Which of the following can best describe Nzambi Matee ( )
C
A.Generous and ambitious. B.Confident and grateful.
C.Creative and resolved. D.Optimistic and modest.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段尾句中的"But the determined eco-entrepreneur…did
not give up"可推知，Nzambi Matee是一个意志坚定的（resolved）人；根据第三段第三
句中的"The best way to do this…the construction space"和常识可知，Nzambi Matee解
决塑料垃圾的方法很有创意（creative）。故选C。
盖盖有方法
推断人物性格需特别关注文中列举的具体事实，以及人物言谈举止中流露出的情绪、情
感等，充分利用这些表达感彩、主观态度和个人观点的词语来解构人物性格。
3.What is Nzambi Matee's ultimate purpose in using a mix of plastic
products ( )
D
A.To build cheaper houses. B.To support the government.
C.To create job opportunities. D.To tackle plastic pollution.
【解析】 推理判断题。定:根据题干关键词"using a mix of plastic products"定位到第
三段。比:根据第三段中的"I wanted to use…waste pollution"可知，Nzambi Matee制造
彩色塑料砖的终极目标是解决塑料污染。换:选项D"To tackle plastic pollution
（为了解决塑料污染）"与"to handle plastic waste pollution"是同义替换。
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text ( )
B
A.Kenya: Pioneer in Banning Single-use Plastics
B.Nzambi Matee: Innovator in Solving Plastic Waste
C.Mix of Plastic Products: a New Construction Material
D.Plastic Recycling: a Creative Solution to Pollution
【解析】 标题判断题。主旨句推断:文章第一段最后一句"However, if 29-year-old
Nzambi Matee…into colorful bricks"为全文主旨句，下文展开讲述了29岁的肯尼亚女孩Nzambi Matee创造性地利用回收的塑料和沙子混合在一起制作成建筑用砖来解决塑料污染问题的故事。故B项"Nzambi Matee:解决塑料污染的创新者"最适合作本文的标题。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 transform v.使转化 practical adj.实际的，真实的 convince v.使确信
sustainable adj.可持续的 affordable adj.便宜的，付得起的 concrete adj.混凝土制的；确
实的，具体的 have one's will遂愿
派生词汇 prevent v.预防→preventive adj.预防（性）的 fortunate adj.幸运的
→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地，遗憾地 process n.步骤，程序
→reprocess v.再加工 employ v.雇用；从事→employment n.工作；雇用
复合词汇 forefront n.最前沿；重心
Passage 12
词数：352 难度：难 建议用时：8′ 正确率：
（2023山东日照联考）As a child, Fischer loved going to the beach and riding
bikes along the coastline with his father, Karl Fischer. So when he lost his dad to
pancreatic cancer, he turned to the healing power of the ocean.
At the start of this year, Fischer wrote his father's name on his surfboard and
took it out to sea in Newport, Rhode Island. His father's name shone in the sun on
what felt like a shared adventure. Inspired, Fischer made a video and posted it on
social media on the same day. "If you love the ocean, or you know someone who
loves the ocean, or maybe you lost someone who just loved being outdoors…you can
comment on this video with their name and a bit of their stories, and I'll put their
name on my board here, just like I've done with my father's name," he said in the
video. "And I'll take them out in the ocean for you."
Names poured in from thousands of strangers grieving（悲伤） the loss of their
loved ones. And with that the One Last Wave Project was born, the aim of which
was to exchange stories with a community of people going through the same pain.
They were essentially healed together. About two months later, Fischer received over
5,000 names and wrote most of them on two surfboards. The space of the first two
surfboards ran out — he's working on getting more. He wrote the names in neat
letters on the surfboard and put a clear acrylic（丙烯酸的） coat over them so that
they didn't wash off.
Though a lot of people have been struggling with grief in the pandemic, Fischer
was amazed by the responses that have poured in. "If I am able to help one or more
persons, that is enough for me," he said. "But I am blown away — by not just the
number of people sharing, but the depth of stories and love that they are sharing."
And he plans to take his project around the world and connect with even more
people — through shared grief and the power of the ocean.
主题语境:人与社会——生活方式——海洋的治愈力量
本文是一篇记叙文。菲舍尔因父亲死于胰腺癌，而求助于海洋的治愈力量。菲舍尔
把父亲的名字写在冲浪板上，带着冲浪板出海。他把自己的做法拍成视频发到网上，告
诉其他热爱海洋且失去喜欢户外运动的亲人的人可以把亲人的名字发给他，他可以通过
把他们亲人的名字写在冲浪板上，帮助提供名字的人一起治愈悲伤。
1.How did Fischer share his idea with others ( )
B
A.By giving a live broadcast online.
B.By posting a video on the Internet.
C.By going to the beach with his father.
D.By writing his father's name on the surfboard.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:题干关键词"share his idea"与原文中的"he said in the
video"是同义替换，因此定位到第二段。比:根据第二段中的"Inspired, Fischer made a
video…he said in the video"可知，菲舍尔录制了视频并把它发到网上，让其他人用已
逝亲人的名字或者故事来评论视频。换:B项中的"posting a video on the Internet"与原
文中的"made a video and posted it on social media"是同义替换。
2.Why did Fischer start the One Last Wave Project ( )
D
A.To memorize his father. B.To attract public attention.
C.To face the pandemic bravely. D.To help people out of sadness.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"One Last Wave Project"定位到第三段。比:
根据第三段中的"the aim of which was to exchange stories…They were essentially
healed together"可知，他建立One Last Wave Project的目的是与一群遭受同样痛苦的人
交换故事，他们本质上是在一起疗伤，一起治愈失去亲人的悲伤。换:D项中的"help
people out of sadness（帮助人们走出悲伤）"是原文中的"exchange stories with a
community of people going through the same pain（与一群遭受同样痛苦的人交换故事）
"以及"were essentially healed together（本质是一起治愈）"的话外音替换。
盖盖有方法
同义替换包含两个方向:直义替换和话外音替换。直义替换是对关键词定位句或正确答
案区间内部分词进行字面替换；话外音替换是不仅要直义替换还要结合作者的经历、所
处环境、时间、地点等因素，对作者的真实意图进行解读替换。
3.What does Fischer intend to do next ( )
B
A.Share his experience at sea. B.Extend the project worldwide.
C.Connect to more social media. D.Sail around the world with strangers.
【解析】 推理判断题。定:题干关键词"intend"与原文中的"plans"是同义替换，因此定位
到最后一段。比:根据最后一段中的"And he plans to…the power of the ocean"可知，
他还计划把他的项目带到世界各地，通过分享悲痛和海洋的力量，与更多的人建立联系。
由此可推知，菲舍尔打算在全世界推广这个项目。换:B项"Extend the project
worldwide"与原文中的"take his project around the world"是同义替换。
4.What can we learn from the story ( )
D
A.Actions speak louder than words.
B.He who laughs last laughs best.
C.A good beginning makes a good ending.
D.Sharing can help heal the pain.
【解析】 推理判断题。浏览全文可知，菲舍尔因父亲死于胰腺癌，而求助于海洋的治
愈力量。菲舍尔把父亲的名字写在冲浪板上，带着冲浪板出海。他把自己的做法拍成视
频发到网上，告诉其他人可以把自己已逝亲人的名字发给他，他可以通过把他们亲人的
名字写在冲浪板上，帮助提供名字的人一起治愈悲伤。由此可推知，菲舍尔让遭受同样
痛苦的人分享自己的悲痛，然后帮助这些人治愈悲痛，这表明分享有助于治愈痛苦。故
选D。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 healing power 治愈力 pour in 大量涌入
wash off 洗掉 blow away 深深打动；给……留下深刻印象
派生词汇 essential adj.必不可少的；本质的→essentially adv.本质上；基本上
复合词汇 surfboard n.冲浪板 outdoors adv.在户外；在野外
熟词新义 coat 常用义:n.外套，大衣 本文义:n.涂料层，覆盖层
Passage 13
词数：332 难度：中 建议用时：8′ 正确率：
（2024黑龙江普高联谊校联考）Tim Holland is 18 years old and a senior at Lucy
C. Laney Comprehensive High School in Augusta, Georgia. Ever since he was young,
Holland has been loving animals, particularly the cold-blooded kind. He decided to try
herping（野采）, something most young men like him aren't into, in 2020 and said
the first time was "low-key and hard" because he didn't know exactly where the
animals were.
After a while, Holland gained hands-on experience and developed a sharp eye.
Influenced by him, some of his friends tried out herping too.
One of these friends, Ro Smith, encouraged him to start a TikTok page about herping.
It took some convincing, but Holland eventually decided to try it and started his
TikTok page Nukherping. The general format of his videos is pretty simple:Holland
shows animals he has found, says a bit about them and then repeats, with the desire
to make them known to the viewers. He has slowly become very popular, with his
biggest video gaining over 2 million views in early April.
Though his videos are laid-back, Holland takes herping safety very seriously and
hopes his audience could take it seriously, too. Holland keeps a distance from any
dangerous animals he finds and adds warnings to videos with such creatures, telling
his viewers "do not try this at home". He also carries equipment such as hand
sanitizer, gloves and snake sticks to ensure safety and cleanliness.
Holland hopes to travel after graduating from high school so he can check off
some of the animals on his "must-see" list. He also plans to study zoology at North
Greenville University in South Carolina and play on the soccer team there.
Some people around Holland think Holland is crazy for what he does, but his
mother, Latasha, takes a different view. "I think that's gonna be very interesting. He
can inspire and educate other young boys and girls with his experience, and it's also
something that's going to be good for the community," she said.
主题语境:人与自然——人与动物——通过视频传播与动物有关的知识
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了喜欢野采的Tim Holland在TikTok平台分享个人经
历，传播相关知识的故事。
1.What does Holland want to do with Nukherping ( )
B
A.Attract people to herping. B.Spread knowledge about animals.
C.Support his friend Ro Smith. D.Call on people to protect animals.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"Nukherping"定位到第二段第四句。比:根据
定位句后的"Holland shows animals he has found…with the desire to make them
known to the viewers"可知，Holland会在视频中展示他发现的动物，讲一些与这些动物
相关的知识让观看视频的人了解它们。由此可推断，Holland想通过Nukherping来传播与
动物有关的知识。换:B选项"Spread knowledge about animals"是原文中的"shows
animals he has found…make them known to the viewers"的概括替换。
2.Which belongs to Holland's future plan ( )
C
A.Traveling around the world. B.Going into teaching young children.
C.Becoming a zoology major. D.Playing for the national soccer team.
【解析】 细节理解题。定:根据题干关键词"plan"定位到第四段最后一句。比:根据定位
句"He also plans to study zoology at North Greenville University in South Carolina"可
知，Holland计划去南卡罗来纳州的北格林维尔大学学习动物学，也就是说，他想成为
动物学专业的学生，这与C项一致。A项，"环游世界"与文章第四段第一句"想要旅游"表
述不一致。B项，"教小孩子"与文章尾段尾句"他用他的经历激励和教育其他年轻的男孩
和女孩"表述不一致。D项，"为国家足球队效力"与文章第四段最后一句"他想在大学的
足球队踢球"表述不一致。换:选项C"Becoming a zoology major（成为动物学专业的学
生）"是原文中的"study zoology at North Greenville University（在北格林维尔大学学
习动物学）"的话外音替换。
3.Which words can best describe Holland ( )
B
A.Ambitious and energetic. B.Adventurous and inspiring.
C.Devoted and responsible. D.Cautious and sharp-minded.
【解析】 推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段最后一句中的"He decided to try
herping（野采）, something most young men like him aren't into"可知，Holland是一个
开拓创新、有冒险精神的人；再根据第二段第二句中的"Influenced by him, some of his
friends tried out herping too"及尾段尾句中的"He can inspire and educate other young
boys and girls with his experience"可知，Holland是一个有感召力、能鼓舞人心的人。
4.What is Holland's mother's attitude to his herping ( )
D
A.Concerned. B.Opposed. C.Uncertain. D.Favorable.
【解析】 观点态度题。找描述性词汇:最后一段最后两句"‘I think that's gonna be very
interesting…that's going to be good for the community，’she said"中的interesting,
inspire, educate, be good for均为积极、正面的词汇。Holland的母亲认为他所做的事情
很有趣，他可以通过自己的经历激励和教育他人，这将对社区也有益。由此可知，
Holland的母亲对他的野采行为持支持态度，故选D。
【盖老师教你积累】
核心词汇 encourage v.鼓励，激励 format n.总体安排，计划，设计 ensure v.确保，保
证 community n.社区，社会 take…seriously 重视；认真对待……
派生词汇 warn v.提醒，使警惕→warning n.警示，提醒，告诫 equip v.装备，配备
→equipment n.设备，用具
熟词新义 sharp 常用义:adj.锋利的；尖的 本文义:adj.（头脑、眼睛）敏锐的；灵敏的；
敏捷的
复合词汇 cold-blooded adj.（生理）冷血的；残酷的
Passage 14
词数：308 难度：难 建议用时：9′ 正确率：
（2023山东济南模考）On Mondays, two of my children get ready for school in
an unusual way. Each packs plenty of food and water, a pair of rubber boots and
sometimes a cup of hot chocolate. Then, I drop them off at a nearby park where they
spend the entire day outside at a certified forest school.
When I first let them sign up for the forest school program,I loved the idea, but
as a mum, I was concerned about a few things:Would they be comfortable outside for
that long Would they stay engaged for that many hours Then I asked them if time
ever seemed to move slowly,they stared at me in confusion. They didn't understand my
question,which fittingly removed my concern.
In this program,kids direct their own play, climbing tall trees or testing ice on the
frozen lake. They are never told their play is too high or too sharp, but are rather
trusted to self-adjust. Something else my sons appreciate about the forest school is not
being told to move on to the next activity,but being left to stay in a particular spot
for as long as their curiosity allows.
"What about all the things they're missing in real school " concerned parents have
asked me. Neither of their classroom teachers think it's a pro