Unit 2 Success Writing Workshop—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册随堂小练
一、阅读理解
I remember doing the household chores to help my mother when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one.
Easier said than done, of course. I didn't realize that I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies. By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash, and we were getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.
In the early 1980 s, I started trying to get licensing agreements for my technology. The reality was very different, however. The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters (滤器). No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business. But soon after, the companies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had to fight legal battles on both sides of the Atlantic to protect the patents on my vacuum cleaner.
I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager personally persuaded a bank to lend me $1 million. Then I was able to go into production. Within two years, the Dyson vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain.
Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.
1．What drove the author to make a bagless vacuum cleaner
A. His willingness to help Mom. B. His curiosity about machines.
C. His trouble in doing family chores. D. His discontent with existing cleaners.
2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A. The help from the author's wife.
B. The financial problems of the family.
C. The tough process of the new invention.
D. The procedures of making a bagless cleancr.
3．Why did the companies refuse to license the author's technology
A. They thought they might suffer loss. B. They considered it not good enough.
C. They faced legal problems themselves. D. They had begun making such machines.
4．What lesson may the author learn from the experience
A. Think twice before acting. B. Failure is the mother of success.
C. Actions speak louder than words. D. A good beginning makes a good ending.
A trial project by the Montreal Children's Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis(催眠) can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging(医学影像) procedures.
"During the examination children don't move. It works perfectly. It's amazing," said Johanne L'Ecuyer, a medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.
The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre where examinations are done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia(麻醉).
A French medical-imaging technologist—also a hypnotist—was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the children's hospital. In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.
Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified(改变的) state of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified state—an imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the procedure that follows.
"The technologist must build up a story with the patient," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "The patient is left with the power to choose what he wants to talk about. Do you play sports Do you like going to the beach We establish a subject that we will discuss throughout the procedure."
Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story—an injection(注射) becomes the bite of an insect; the heat on the skin becomes the sensation of the sun and a machine that rings becomes a police car passing nearby.
"The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body with what the patient sees in his head," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a lot of patience and kindness."
The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. "It spread like wildfire that someone from France was here to train the technologists," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.
5．According to Paragraph 5, hypnosis works by _____.
A. creating a perfect world for patients
B. forcing patients into a state of deep sleep
C. putting patients into an unconscious state
D. leading patients' consciousness away from reality
6．What can we learn about the story used in the procedure
A. It should keep pace with the procedure.
B. It reflects the patient's creativity.
C. It is selected by the technologist.
D. It tells what doctors are doing to the patient.
7．The procedure was received among the staff with ______.
A.uncertainty B.enthusiasm C.worry D.criticism
8．What is the passage mainly about
A. An easy way to communicate with patients.
B. The standard method of conducting hypnosis.
C. An introduction of medical-imaging technology.
D.The use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures.
Role models are important for inspiring scientists, but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant.
In a series of studies, researchers found that young people were more motivated by scientists whose success was connected with efforts than those whose success was because of natural intelligence, even if that scientist was Albert Einstein.
Danfei Hu, a doctoral student at Pennsylvania State University, and Janet N. Ann, an assistant professor of psychology at William Paterson University, said the findings—recently published in Basic and Applied Social Psychology—will help deal with the certain secret about what it takes to succeed in science.
According to the researchers, there is concern in the science community with the number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out of those career paths once they graduate from college. To help solve the problem, Hu and Ann wanted to research role models, who give the students specific goals, behaviour or strategies they can follow.
The researchers performed studies with 176 and 162 participants in each study respectively. In the first study, all participants read the same story about common struggles a scientist met in his science career. However, half were told the story was about Einstein, while half were told it was about Thomas Edison. Although the stories are the same, participants were more likely to believe natural brilliance was the reason for Einstein's success. In addition, the participants who believed the story was about Edison were more motivated to complete a series of maths problems.
"This proved that people generally seem to view Einstein as a genius, with his success commonly linked to extraordinary talent," Hu said. "Edison, on the other hand, is known for failing more than 1,000 times when trying to create the light bulb, and his success is linked to his efforts." Hu added, "Knowing that something great can be achieved through hard work and efforts, more students will step into the science career confidently."
9．What kind of scientist is more encouraging
A.Those who are famous around the world.
B.Those who are famous for their hard work.
C.Those who are viewed as naturally brilliant.
D.Those who are viewed as great inventors.
10．What is the concern in the science community
A.Fewer students will work on science.
B.The students will drop out of school soon.
C.There are fewer role models for students to follow.
D.Some scientists cannot give students specific goals.
11．Why were some participants motivated to complete a series of maths problems
A.They knew the problems were given by Edison.
B.They believed they were as intelligent as Einstein.
C.They believed they could solve the problems by working hard.
D.They knew they were to work together with Einstein and Edison.
12．What is the best title for the text
A.Einstein's Success Story B.Edison's Achievements Are Greater
C.How to Be a Great Scientist D.Einstein Is Less Encouraging Than Edison
二、语法填空
13．The advent (出现) of the compass was a great _____(contribute) of the Chinese people to world civilisation.
14．At the age when most people retire _____ work, he is ready to face a new career.
三、书面表达
15．组句成篇。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的"Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one." 可知, 对于当时的吸尘器的反感驱使作者研制一种无尘袋吸尘器。
2．答案： C
解析：主旨要义题,考查段落大意。第二段为总—分—总结构,首句 "Easier said than done, of course. "和尾句"These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem." 点明本段主旨要义,即作者发明无尘袋吸尘器过程中遇到的一些困难。
3．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的 "No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business. "可知,这些公司害怕亏损。
4．答案： B
解析：推理判断题。由第二段最后一句和文章末尾可知, 作者的经历使他明白了失败是成功之母。
5．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知,催眠是引导病人的意识远离现实,进人一个想象中的世界。故选D。
6．答案：A
the...thertantthe...theything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story”以及倒数第二段中的the...thertant thing is that the...the patient sees in his head”可知,故事必须跟整个催眠过程同步。故选A。
7．答案：B
appealed...ineappealed...in中的appealed...ine appealed...in January.”以及最后一句“She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.”可知,这个催眠程序受到了员工的欢迎。uncertainty不确定;enthusiasm热情;worry 担心;criticism批评。故选B。
8．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“by...medical-imagingby...medical-imaging procedures.”可知,全文主要讲述催眠技术在医学影像程序中的应用。故选D。
9．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant可知,那些以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家比那些天生才华横溢的科学家更能激励人心。故选B项。
10．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的there is concern in the science community with the number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out of those career paths once they graduate from college可知,很多在校期间追求科学事业的学生在大学毕业后就放弃了从事科学相关的事业,也就是说从事科学事业的学生会更少,而这正是科学界所担忧的事情。故选A项。
11．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的关键句In addition, the participants who believed the story was about Edison were more motivated to complete a series of maths problems.可知,参与者完成一系列的数学题是受到爱迪生的故事的鼓舞;再根据最后一段中的关键句Edison, on the other hand, is known for failing more than 1,000 times when trying to create the light bulb, and his success is linked to his efforts.可知,爱迪生在尝试发明灯泡时失败了1,000多次,他的成功与他的努力有关。综合上述内容可以得知,这些受到爱迪生故事鼓舞的参与者们相信通过努力和勤奋可以解决问题,所以他们才有动力去完成一系列数学题。故选C项。
12．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。第一段中的scientists who are known for their hard work are more encouraging than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant点明了本文主旨,再结合文章内容可知,本文主要阐述的是那些以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家比那些天生才华横溢的科学家更能激励人心。D项"Einstein Is Less Encouraging Than Edison"中的Einstein代指天生才华横溢的科学家,Edison代指以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家,即“天生才华横溢的科学家不如以勤奋努力而闻名的科学家鼓舞人心”,故D项最能概括文章主旨。故选D项。
13．答案：contribution
解析：句意为:指南针的出现是中国人对世界文明的巨大贡献。设空处作表语,其前有形容词great和不定冠词a修饰,应填名词;contribute的名词形式为contribution,意为“贡献”时是可数名词,根据空前的a可知,此处应填其单数形式。故填contribution。
14．答案：from
解析：句意为:在大多数人退休的年纪,他准备要面对一项新事业。retire from为固定搭配,意为“从……退休”。故填from。
15．答案：
Born on July 13, 1983, Liu Xiang is one of the best athletes in our country. At first, Liu Xiang was told to give up sports. However, Liu Xiang made up his mind to continue his dream. In 2002, Liu Xiang broke the World Junior Record with a time of 13.12 seconds. In 2004, he won the silver in the World Indoor Championships in Budapest, Hungary, in March. In the end, at the Athens Olympic Games on August 27, 2004, he took the gold and put a Chinese name in the record books. His success made him more confident. As a young man, there is no doubt that Liu Xiang is the best example of making every effort to develop his sport career and break so many records.Unit 2 Success Lesson 2 Top Five Secrets of Success—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册随堂小练
一、阅读理解
1． During Rick's birth in 1962, his brain was damaged for lack of oxygen. The doctors told Dick Hoyt that there was no hope of his son being anything more than a "vegetable". Yet Dick and his wife were determined to raise him at home.
At age 13, Rick told his father he wanted to participate in a five-mile benefit run for the disabled. Dick was not a runner, but he agreed to push Rick through the race course in his wheelchair. That was when a surprising thing happened. During the run, Rick felt as though he wasn't disabled anymore—he was simply one of the runners. This experience deeply affected Dick, and he committed himself to running an increasing number of events with his son so that Rick could have this feeling as often as possible.
At first, other competitors often treated them as outsiders and even avoided them. But gradually, what began as a way for Rick Hoyt to experience inclusion and equality served its purpose. Running together became a way to send out a message that, as Rick said, everybody should be included in everyday life. The pair's first Boston Marathon in 1981 finished in the top quarter of the field, and shortly thereafter, attitudes began to change. Many athletes would come up to them before the race to wish them luck.
The 2013 Boston Marathon was the 31st time the Hoyts had run the race, and it was also their last race. Dick has run thousands of miles to be with and support his son. Their athletic pursuits have enriched Rick's life and had practical benefits for Dick's life as well: After a heart attack, Dick's doctor told him he might have died 15 years earlier if he weren't in such good shape.
1.What inspired Dick to keep running with his son
A.Rick felt as if he was a healthy person when running.
B.Rick could raise money by taking part in running.
C.Rick's wish was to be an excellent runner one day.
D.Rick could rebuild his brain by running.
2.What message did the Hoyts send out by running
A.Everyone is a part of the world. B.No pain, no gain.
C.Where there's a will there's a way. D.Good things come to those who wait.
3.What changed others' attitudes to the Hoyts
A.Their talent for running. B.Their purpose of running.
C.Their donations to runners. D.Their achievement in running.
4.How long did the Hoyts insist on races
A.For 31 years. B.For 39 years. C.For 32 years. D.For 53 years.
2． You have a nice salary, but you still feel short of money. At the end of each month, you often ask yourself, "Where has all my money gone " To help you better run your salary, here come some money-saving tips.
First, you need to set goals to encourage yourself to save money. For example, you plan to have a good dress in one year, to have a car in two years' time or to buy a house in five years.
Second, form money-saving habits and stay away from the ones that waste money. Learn to keep a diary of how much you spend and what it's for. Think twice before using money on expensive skin care products (护肤品). The best way to keep your skin in good condition is enough sleep.
Third, pay attention to your daily things. Leave no more than one light on when you leave home. Buy vegetables from a market where vegetables are less expensive and fresher, not a supermarket. When going to a supermarket, take a notebook with you. Write down what you want to buy.
Fourth, save your social life. Take the dishes that haven't been eaten up away for next day when you have dinner in a restaurant. When it's your turn to offer a meal, invite your friends to your home, and cook the dinner yourself. If you are to attend a party and an expensive present is needed, ask several friends to go together to share a present.
1.What is the passage mainly about
A.Four ways to save money. B.How to set goals to save money.
C.Where to keep money. D.How to live well with little money.
2.Which of the following does the author favour
A.Buying some good skin care products. B.Enough sleep does good to skin.
C.All things in supermarkets are expensive. D.Vegetables in a market taste good.
3.What should you do if you want to save money
A.Have dinner in a restaurant. B.Buy dishes in a restaurant and eat at home.
C.Invite friends home and cook yourself. D.Attend a party alone.
4.Which of the following is NOT suggested by the author
A.Making a plan to save money.
B.Forming habits of saving money.
C.Cutting the prices when buying things.
D.Leaving few lights on when you leave home.
二、七选五
3．Innovation (创新) skills play a vital role in your professional life. There have been various researches and studies conducted to design tips to improve innovation skills. Some of them are given below.
·Think outside the box
①_______. To grab that newness, you need more original ways of thinking. Hence, breaking the regular chain of thoughts and initiating a new one is necessary. You need to think something different from others associated with similar sorts of tasks.
·Creative thinking
Many times, creativity is a way of innovation. Creative thinking is a way of thinking by applying the techniques used to create something new. With creative thinking, you will desire a new innovative way of doing something which will empower you to innovate something new. ②_______
·Be a good listener
You should listen to others and try to think about their ideas and concepts. ③_______ Also, adaptability increases innovation. It would help if you tried adopting newer versions of solutions for the betterment of your company. Being a good listener will help you in having the skills to analyze different versions while thinking of some news of resolving any issue.
·④______
Sharing of ideas and concepts helps have better communication. With clear communication, you will be able to share your ideas in a more proper fashion, which will, in turn, offer you better chances of getting the right feedback about the effectiveness of your thoughts.
·Make decisions based on judgments
From the inferences of team activities or other tasks, you can make judgments about the current situations. ⑤______ These will help with innovation. Innovative ideas must be useful, and decisions based on judgments help in ensuring this.
A. Have clear communication.
B. Innovation means something new.
C. Develop ideas based on facts.
D. Innovation refers to being creative.
E. Be open to other points of view.
F. Decisions based on these judgments should be realistic.
G. As a result, it will effectively increase your innovation skills.
4．The Things That Keep Us Fro m Succeeding
We have always been told not to fear failure because it is essential to success. So we should embrace failure or at least the possibility of failure. ①______. If you're not reaching the kind of success you imagine, one or more of the following things might well be true of you, too.
NO.1: You don't have a goal. A lot of time we find ourselves struggling through a day-to-day routine that isn't getting us anywhere because we don't know where we want to go. Sometimes we had goals when we set ourselves on a particular path, but we've changed along the way and those goal s are no longer that important. ②______, figuring out what your goals are is important.
NO.2: You don't have a vision. Setting goals is important but isn't enough to drive you to the finish line; it's important, too, to be able to imagine yourself as the achiever of your goals. If goal s are the end result of a journey, your vision is the fuel to get you there.
NO.3: You don't have a plan. If goals are your destination and a vision is your fuel, your plan is the map to get you there. ③______. The world is full of people with goals they have never accomplished because they didn't have a plan—don't be one of them.
NO.4: You're too certain or not certain enough. Too much certainty creates inflexibility. If you're sure that your plan is correct, and refuse to accept the possibility of error, you may well find yourself stuck when an unexpected change comes about. However strong your plan and however sure you are of your goals, make room for periodic reassessment.
④______. If you refuse to take a step because you aren't positive that it will move you towards success, you won't make any better progress than if you had no goals at all. Keep your eyes open and be willing to change, but have faith in yourself, too.
NO.5: ⑤______. Often we close ourselves off from other people not because we're afraid that they will influence us but that we will influence them. We are afraid that our brilliant ideas will be taken up by someone else and no longer be solely ours. So we avoid sharing our passions, and spend our energy jealously guarding our "secret" rather than simply moving forward. In the end, we turn our passions into burdens that are difficult to carry instead of a joy.
A. Whatever the case
B. Whatever the cause
C. You worry about being copied
D. You don't learn from your mistakes
E. At the same time, too little certainty will fail you
F. However, fear isn't the only thing that keeps us from succeeding
G. Without it, you have no idea what immediate steps to take to achieve your goals
三、语法填空
5．His fluency in the English language allows him to have an advantage _____ the other candidates for the job.
6．He is an _____(influence) writer of children's literature in the 1980s.
四、书面表达
7．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣,并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信,内容包括:
1.该人物是谁;
2.该人物的主要贡献;
3.该人物对你的影响。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1．1-4.AADB1-4.AADB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的During the run, Rick felt as though he was'tanymore...anymore... so that Rick could have this feeling as often as possible. 可知,在父亲推着里克跑步的过程中,里克感觉自己不再是残疾人,他的父亲迪克想让儿子经常拥有这种感觉,所以他坚持带着他的儿子一起跑步。故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Running together became a way to send out a message that, as Rick said, everybody should be included in everyday life.可知,里克认为每个人都应该被接纳且融入日常生活中,即每个人都是世界的一部分。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段中的The pair's first Boston Marathon in 1981 finished in the top quarter of the field, and shortly thereafter, attitudes began to change.可知,霍伊特父子在马拉松比赛中取得成绩后,人们对他们的态度开始转变。故选D项。
4.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的During Rick's birth in 1962,his brain was damaged for lack of oxygen.可知,里克出生于 1962 年;第二段中的At age 13, Rick told his father he wanted to participate in a five-mile benefit run for the disabled. 提及了里克第一次提出想跑步时为13岁,此时年份为1962+13=1975年;最后一段中的The 2013 Boston Marathon was the 31st time the Hoyts had run the race, and it was also their last race.提及霍伊特父子2013年最后一次参加比赛,所以他们坚持跑步的时间为1975年至2013年,共39年。故选B项。
2．答案：1-4.ABCC
解析：1.主旨大意题。第一段最后一句To help you better run your salary, here come some money-saving tips.为本文主旨句,下文分四段展开了对省钱方法的讲解,因此本文主要是关于四种省钱的方法。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句The best way to keep your skin in good condition is enough sleep.可知,作者认为充足的睡眠对皮肤有好处。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第三句When it's your turn to offer a meal, invite your friends to your home, and cook the dinner yourself. 可知,把朋友邀请到家里自己做饭是一个省钱的好方法。故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,A项和第二段中的内容you need to set goals to encourage yourself to save money意思相符;B 项与第三段中的内容form money-saving habits and stay away from the ones that waste money意思相符;D项与第四段中的内容Leave no more than one light on when you leave home.意思相符;文章未提及C项内容。故选C项。
3．答案：①-⑤ BGEAF
解析：①下文“To grab that newness, you need more original ways of thinking.(为了抓住这种新鲜感，你需要更多的原创思维方式）”说明要有更多的原创思维方式，以抓住新鲜感，B项中something new是关键词，B项“创新意味着新的东西”引出下文，符合题意。故选B。
②上文“With creative thinking, you will desire a new innovative way of doing something which will empower you to innovate something new.(有了创造性思维，你会渴望一种新的创新方式来做一些事情，这将赋予你创新的能力）”说明创造性思维会使得你创新，G项中it指代上文中的creative thinking，G项“因此，它将有效提高您的创新技能”承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
③上文“You should listen to others and try to think about their ideas and concepts.（你应该倾听他人的意见，并尝试思考他们的想法和观念）”说明应该倾听别人的意见，思考别人的想法和观念，E项“对其他观点持开放态度”进一步说明对他人的观点应持有的态度，承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
④空处为本段小标题。下文“Sharing of ideas and concepts helps have better communication. With clear communication, you will be able to share your ideas in a more proper fashion, which will, in turn, offer you better chances of getting the right feedback about the effectiveness of your thoughts.(分享想法和观念有助于更好地沟通。通过明确的沟通，你将能够以更恰当的方式分享你的想法，这反过来也会为你提供更好的机会，让你获得关于想法有效性的正确反馈)”说明明确的沟通很有益处，A项中clear communication是关键词，A项“有明确的沟通”引出下文，可以作为本段的标题句。故选A。
⑤上文"From the inferences of team activities or other tasks, you can make judgments about the current situations.(从团队活动或其他任务的推断中，您可以对当前情况做出判断）"说明要对当前情况做出判断，F项中these judgments是关键词，F项“基于这些判断的决定应该是现实的”承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
4．答案：
1. F
2. A
3. G
4. E
5. C
解析：1.本句为承上启下句。上文提到了我们应不畏失败;下文提到了"one or more of the following things"，即除了恐惧还有更多因素会让我们失败。此设空处应为衔接上下文的句子，故选F。
2.本句为细节支撑句。根据第二段中的ourselves...me we find ourselves... that important"可知，很多时候我们努力做好日常工作却不知道要去哪里，有时候我们有目标，但在前进的道路上我们不断改变以致迷失了目标。因此设空处应表示"无论哪种情况"，故选A。
3.本句为细节支撑句。结合空前的"your plan is the map to get you there"可知，空前与空处为语义的顺承关系，it指代map。故选G。
4.本句为段落主旨句。空后的"because you aren't positive that it will move you towards success, you won't make any better progress"可知本段与缺乏自信有关，故选E。
5.本句为段落主旨句。根据空后的"we will influence them. We are afraid that our brilliant ideas will be taken up by someone else and no longer be solely ours" "we turn our passions into burdens"可知，我们总是害怕别又模仿我们的想法，以至于最后我们把激情变成了负担。本空是对本段内容的总结概括，故选C。
5．答案：over
解析：句意为:他会说一口流利的英语,这使他比该岗位的其他求职者更有优势。have an advantage over sb为固定搭配,意为“比某人有优势”。故填over。
6．答案：influential
解析：句意为:他是20世纪80年代一位有影响力的儿童文学作家。设空处修饰名词writer,表示“有影响力的”,应用形容词,故填influential。
7．答案：
Dear Jim,
It’s great to hear from you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history.
As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. He, in his book, Haiguo Tuzhi(Maps and Records of the World), introduced modern technologies and ideas to China. That opened our eyes to the world. In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
Interested in knowing more I can find you some books! Just let me know.
Cheers!
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：题材新颖, 要求介绍中国历史人物, 内容包括喜欢的历史人物、他的贡献和对你的影响。不少于50词, 使用一般现在时和一般过去时以及第一人称和第三人称进行写作。题材偏向于信息介绍类的开放式写作, 对于应用文格式的要求并不高, 但对于语言组织和词汇积累的要求极高。本次应用文并没有限定考生必须写某一位历史人物, 但是谈及人物的贡献和对自己的影响时, 考生有可能会遇到大量的词汇障碍, 故难度较去年明显提升。Unit 2 Success Lesson 1 Money vs Success—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册随堂小练
一、阅读理解
As a hockey (冰球) parent, while watching my son play from Mite to Bantam, House League to Travel, I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids.
In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. It was a typically good youth hockey season. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.
However, what happened the next year added its story to the legends of sporting incompetence. Not merely weak but prettily bad, this team lost 40 of their first 50 games, most of the defeats coming in the course of two losing streaks (连败). For a time, I worried that these failures would kill my child’s love of the game.
But that’s not what happened. As bad as it got, the losing was clarifying. It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving behind those with a real passion for the sport. What started as a list of 17 of the team was cut down to 12. It was especially educational for the kids. It taught them a great truth of the world: For everyone good, there is someone better.
What’s more, the kids were learning the game in a way that only losing can teach. Each player got to play everywhere, to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice. They kept an eye on their opponents too, studying the secret of their good performance. In an effort to break the streak, they went back to basics, accepted the wisdom of the hockey ancients: If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the goal.
This new team had character and could never be counted out, no matter the score. They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime (加时赛). When they narrowly lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick- by losing.
1．What does the author think about the son’s team in the third season in 2019
A. The team had a bad performance.
B. The team didn’t live up to the author’s expectations.
C. The team played typically well and won all the games.
D. The team didn’t help with players’ mental growth.
2．What does the underlined ward “clarify” refer to
A. The losing made the kids better understand hockey.
B. The losing helped the kids learn a great truth of the world.
C. The losing separated true player from those playing for glory.
D. The losing boosted the kids teamwork.
3．What can be implied from the new team’s experience
A. They valued teamwork and details in a game.
B. They kept their winning strategies a secret
C. They beat a team of all-star players.
D. They won the championship in the tournament
4．What is the writing purpose of the passage
A. To offer some suggestions on getting over losing.
B. To explore the benefits of losing.
C. To describe a team’s road to success.
D. To make a comparison between winning and losing.
5． If you have a can-do attitude towards everything, and you're creative and persistent, it's amazing what you can accomplish. During college, I remember being told that to fulfill my language requirement, I would "have to" take a class that I had no interest in and was meaningless to me. Instead of taking this class, however, I decided to create my own. So I put together a list of books I would read and the assignments I would do and found a teacher to sponsor me. I then went to the dean of the school and presented my case. He bought into my idea and I completed my language requirement by taking my self-built course.
American aviator Elinor Smith once said, "It had long since come to my attention that people of accomplishment rarely sat back and let things happen to them. They went out and happened to things."
It's so true. To reach your goals in life, you must seize the initiative. If you're feeling bad about not being asked out on dates, don't just sit around and sulk, do something about it. Find ways to meet people. Be friendly and try smiling a lot. Ask them out. They may not know how great you are.
Don't wait for that perfect job to fall in your lap; go after it. Send out your résumé on the network, and volunteer to work for free.
If you're at a store and need assistance, don't wait for the salesperson to find you; you find them.
Some people mistake the can-do attitude for being pushy, aggressive, or obnoxious. Wrong. The can-do attitude is courageous, persistent, and smart. Others think can-do people stretch the rules and make their own laws. Not so. Can-do thinkers are creative, enterprising, and extremely resourceful.
George Bernard Shaw, the English playwright, knew all about the can-do attitude. Listen to how he said it: "People are always blaming their circumstances for what they are. I don't believe in circumstances. The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and if they can't find them, they make them."
1.What are those can-do people more likely to do
A.They await in patience till their boss gives the approval.
B.They remain somewhat reserved in a romantic relationship.
C.They always challenge people who think differently.
D.They turn to their friends in WeChat when they need a hand.
2.By saying "I don't believe in circumstances" he means "______________".
A.It's circumstances not the people that are to blame for what they are
B.One should get up earlier in order to find a way out
C.Have the initiative and you are in a better position to win
D.Heworld3.How3.Howt on in the world3.How3.How does the writer present his idea
A.By illustration. B.By example. C.By reason. D.By story.
6． We should never give up when we've challenged. The following three actresses have set a good example to us.
Sarah Jessica Parker
When Parker was little, she had to take up singing and dancing to help feed her big family.
Despite hard times, Parker's mom encouraged her children's interest in the arts. When Parker was 11 years old, the family took a trip to New York City, so Parker could audition(试演) for a Broadway play. The trip was a success—she and her brother were both cast, and then the family moved to New York. Parker continued to work hard and land roles, eventually becoming the title character of a famous TV show.
Emily Blunt
Before Blunt was nominated(提名) for Golden Globes and landing leading roles on the stage and big screen, she could hardly hold a conversation with her classmates: Between ages 7 and 14, Emily had a major stutter(口吃). But that all changed when one of her junior high teachers encouraged her to try out for the school play, which she thought was a totally unappealing(无吸引力的) thing at first due to the fact that she had such a hard time communicating. The teacher suggested she try accents and character voices to help get the words out and it worked. By the end of her teens, Blunt had overcome her stutter and went on to achieve the successful career she has now.
Shania Twain
Twain's career actually began more out of necessity than raw ambition. Her mom and stepfather often couldn't make enough to get by, so Twain started singing in bars to make extra money when she was just eight years old. She recalls her mother waking her up at all hours to get up and perform. Sadly, when she was 21, her mother and stepfather were killed in a car accident on the highway.
Twain put her career on hold to step in and take care of her younger brothers. Only when her youngest brother graduated from high school did she feel it was OK to head down to Nashville to pursue her career.
1.Why did Parker's family go to New York City when she was 11
A.Because a TV show was waiting for Parker.
B.Because Parker planned to learn the arts there.
C.Because Parker's family wanted to travel there.
D.Because Parker could try out for a play there.
2.What was her first reaction when Blunt was advised to try out for the school play
A.Excited. B.Uninterested. C.Angry. D.Touched.
3.In order to ____________, Twain stopped pursuing her career at 21.
A.finish her education B.avoid a car accident
C.look after her brothers D.take a break
4.What did Parker and Twain have in common when they were young
A.They helped support their family. B.They had uncaring parents.
C.They wanted to become famous. D.They had an unhappy childhood.
二、七选五
7．Money Matters
Parents should help their children understand money. ①_________ So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.
●The basic function of money
Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员). ②_________ When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.
●Money lessons
Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. ③__________ If you must say no to a child's request to spend money, explain, "You have enough toy trucks for now." Or, if the request is for many different things, say, "You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy."
●④_________
Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a product—a name-brand product and a generic (无商标的) product, for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. ⑤___________ If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.
A.WiseA.Wise decisions
B.The value of money
C.Permit the child to choose between them.
D.Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things.
E.Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.
F.Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.
G.The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.
三、语法填空
8．In this restaurant, the order will be prepared by robots, and then it is handed over to a human _____(employ) to add decorations like cilantro (香菜).
9．The plot of the drama was so _____(absorb) that the girl was attracted by it.
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“In his third season in 2019, my son's team never lost more than three straight games. It was a typically good youth hockey season. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.(2019年是我儿子的第三个赛季,他所在的球队从未输过三场以上的比赛。这是一个典型的良好的青少年曲棍球赛季。有快乐，有自夸，有庆祝，有披萨。作为一名球员，他进步了，但作为一个人，他没有太大的改变）”可知2019年第三个赛季，作者儿子的球队很优秀，并没有体会到失败带给他们的影响，由此推断作者认为2019年第三个赛季作者儿子的球队没有帮助球员的心理成长，故选D。
2．答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据划线处下文“It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving behind those with a real passion for the sport.(它淘汰了那些为了荣誉而不是为了比赛的孩子，留下了那些真正热爱这项运动的人)”可知虽然孩子的球队比赛失败，但是失败让一切变得明朗了，因为淘汰了那些为了荣誉而不是为了比赛的孩子，可推断clarify指代下文的内容，即失败将真正的球员与那些为荣誉而战的球员区分开来。故选C。
3．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the goal.(如果像一个团队一样打球，他们可以击败一群全明星；如果他们把不受重视的小任务做得好，他们就能达到目标)”可知新团队的经验可以暗示他们重视比赛中的团队合作和细节，故选A。
4．答案：B
解析：推理判断题，通读全文，尤其是第一段“I've learned that losing may be best for kids(我明白了，失败对孩子来说可能是最好的）”和最后一段“They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime(加时赛).When they narrowly lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick-by losing.(他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输而不被打败。他们险胜进入州锦标赛，一路杀入决赛，最终在加时赛中决出胜负。当他们以微弱的劣势输掉那场比赛，进入握手行列的时候，他们不是以亚军的身份，而是以一支以唯一的方式成为赢家的球队—失败)”可知文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队员打曲棍球，他们从不断失败中学到了一些教训。因此写作的目的就是探索失败的好处，故选B。
5．答案：1-3.DCB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据开头表格CAN-DO PEOPLE 部分的"Take initiative to make it happen" "Think about problems and barriers"和"Act"可知,乐观进取的人会主动去思考问题和障碍,然后采取行动。故选D。
2.词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的"The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for the circumstances they want, and if they can't find them, they make them."可知,在这个世界上取得成功的人,会努力去寻找他们想要的外部环境,如果找不到,他们便自己创造。所以,这句话的意思是“掌握主动才更可能成功”。 故选C。
3.推理判断题。在文章第一段作者写自己在大学期间如何完成语言学习并获得学分是为了引出话题。故选B。
6．答案：1-4.DBCA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Sarah Jessica Parker部分中的 "When Parker was 11 years old, the family took a trip to New York City, so Parker could audition(试演) for a Broadway play."可知,帕克一家去纽约是因为帕克可以在那里参加一个戏剧的试演。故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据Emily Blunt部分中的"…which she thought was a totally unappealing(无吸引力的) thing at first due to the fact that she had such a hard time communicating."可推断出,布朗特起初对尝试参加学校戏剧选拔并不感兴趣。 故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据Shania Twain部分中的"Twain put her career on hold to step in and take care of her younger brothers."可知,唐恩中断自己的事业是为了照顾她的弟弟们。故选C。
4.细节理解题。根据Sarah Jessica Parker部分中的 "When Parker was little, she had to take up singing and dancing to help feed her big family."和 Shania Twain 部分中的"Her mom and stepfather often couldn't make enough to get by, so Twain started singing in bars to make extra money when she was just eight years old."可知,她们俩小时候的共同点是都得帮助养家。故选A。
7．答案：GFDAC
解析：①设空处后一句开头的So表示结果,承接上文,因此可从这一句中找出上一句的线索。设空后一句中的when your child shows an interest in buying things 与G项中的when he shows an interest相呼应,故选G项。
②本段讲述钱的基本功能。设空处前一句中的toy, cashier与F项中的the toy store呼应。前一句讲买玩具,F项讲离开玩具店后给孩子讲解是怎样用钱买了玩具的,语意连贯。故选F项。
③由下文中的say no. to a child's request to spend money以及引号中的两句话可知,下文解释了孩子为什么不能买某些东西,故该空应选D项“告诉你的孩子为什么他能或者不能买某些东西”。
④该空下面的一段讲的是买东西时如何进行选择,A项“明智的决定”能概括主旨。
⑤由下一句中的If he chooses the cheaper brand可知该空应选C 项“允许孩子在它们之间选择”。
8．答案：employee
解析：句意为:在这家餐馆,所点的餐品由机器人来准备,然后交到一位人类员工手中,添加例如香菜这样的装饰品。设空处作介词to的宾语,其前有不定冠词a和形容词human修饰,应填名词单数;根据语境可知,此处表示“员工;雇员”,故填employee。
9．答案：absorbing
解析：句意为:这出戏的情节如此吸引人,女孩被它吸引住了。解题思路句子结构可知,设空处在句中作was的表语,此处表示“十分吸引人的”,应用现在分词形式。部分现在分词和过去分词作表语时已经形容词化,故此处也可视为-ing结尾的形容词作表语。故填absorbing。Unit 2 Success Lesson 3 Getting to the Top—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册随堂小练
一、阅读理解
If you haven’t decided how to spend your summer, you may want to think about the possibility of participating in a summer program.
Virtual Experience:Harvard’s High School Programs
If you’re wondering what college is like, Harvard offers online college programs just for high school students who are curious. Harvard’s high school programs allow you to take real courses and earn college credit. Financial aid is available for qualifying students.
Virtual Experience:American University High School Summer Scholars
This multi-week, online program helps high school students pursue their interests in a variety of topics. Each online course is 1-credit hour. Rising sophomores, juniors, and seniors with a 3.0 GPA (Grade Points Average) can choose 1 course from 14 subjects-from Political Action and Public Policy to Oceanography and more.
Virtual Experience:Worcester Polytechnic Institute(WPI) — Frontiers Program
This online, summer program is designed for high school students entering their junior and senior years. Program participants are challenged to explore the outer limits of their knowledge in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) with current laboratory techniques and exploring unsolved problems across a wide range of disciplines.
Virtual/In-Person Opportunities:Immerse Education Programs
Immerse Education’s summer programs offer in-person and online courses in a variety of subjects and take place throughout the United Kingdom and Australia. Students ages 11-18 from around the world get to learn on the campuses of Cambridge, Oxford, London and the University of Sydney.
1．Which program will you possibly choose if you are from a family on a tight budget
A. Immerse Education Programs.
B. Harvard’s High School Programs.
C. American University High School Summer Scholars.
D. Worcester Polytechnic Institute(WPI)-Frontiers Program.
2．What do these four programs have in common
A. They provide access to online learning.
B. They set academic requirements.
C. They offer participants college credits.
D. They take place in the United States.
3．Who is the text mainly intended for
A. College staff. B. College students.
C. Program organizers. D. High school students.
4． Mikah Frye, a 9-year-old boy, was walking down the streets with his grandmother discussing Christmas gifts when he saw some homeless people struggling to stay warm in the cold night. Then he was thinking about a way to help the homeless to spend a warm Christmas.
That thought stayed in Mikah Frye's mind and when he reached home, Mikah informed his parents not to buy the Microsoft XBox gaming device he had asked for earlier. Mikah realised that by not buying the $300 device, he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless. He knew how much it meant to be warm in the cold holiday season.
Three years ago, Mikah and his parents were the ones living in a homeless shelter. Having suffered a financial crisis, they too had lost their house, not knowing where their next meal would come from and sharing a blanket every night. Mikah was six years old then but he remembered what it was like to have to give back that precious blanket every morning.
Reaching out to the emergency shelter programme that looked after them 3 years ago, the family donated 60 blankets in the end, each with a personalised message of hope in Mikah's handwriting stating: "They gave me a blanket, but I had to leave it. That's why I want you to have your own blanket. Today, I live in my own house, and someday you will too. Your friend, Mikah."
The homeless people at the shelter may not have been able to give Mikah a Christmas gift in return but his gesture was noted by the billion dollar company Microsoft who made sure that Mikah was fooled into visiting their store so that Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of "Santa's list of nice boys" that year.
1.Why did Mikah give up his Christmas gift
A.The device was out of date. B.His parents had a tight budget.
C.He wanted to spend a warm Christmas. D.He decided to do something charitable.
2.What made Mikah have a better understanding of the situation of the homeless
A.His own experience. B.His parents' education.
C.His visiting to the emergency shelter. D.The cold weather during the holiday season.
3.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs
A.The homeless gave Mikah a gift in return.
B.He finally got the gift he wanted on Christmas.
C.The company Microsoft fooled Mikah into buying an Xbox.
D.Mikahin.4.What4.Whatyou note to the emergency shelter he lived in.4.What4.What might be the best title for the text
A.Mikah's Precious Christmas Gift
B.Mikah's Giving Warmth on
C.hristmasC.Microsoft Rewarded Nice Boys on Santa's List
D.The Homeless Needed Blankets on a Cold Christmas
5． WHAT are scientists They are often described as grey-haired white-coated dull scholars.
But the world has changed. Young scientists are making their voices heard and releasing their powers on the world stage.
This is also true in China. Rising stars include new materials expert Gong Yongji, university professor Liu Mingzhen, and biologist Wan Ruixue.
At the age of 28 in 2018, Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science; & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists. This is a global prize to reward outstanding scientists at an early stage of their careers.
She focuses mainly on Biomedicine (生物医学) and Molecular Biology (分子生物学) . "Both are cutting-edge (尖端的) technologies at an early stage of development, "she said.
"So, I think they have great potential to be developed. I think in the study of cutting-edge technologies, China and other leading countries in the world are standing at the same starting line. And in the study of Structural Biology, China is likely to become the leader."
She felt it was her fate to become a biologist. "I grew interested in the natural world when I was very young, " she said. In 2009, she entered Sun Yat-sen University.
In her third year at university, she realised that she wanted to do something related to biomedicine. So she e-mailed China's top biologist Shi Yigong, hoping to join his lab at Tsinghua University.
Shi recognised her talent and welcomed her. Years of efforts at the lab have paid off. Her research on the high-definition 3-D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough.
Unlike many of other young scientists who choose to pursue further study abroad, Wan currently has no plan to go overseas.
"The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving in China," she said, adding that the country has great science facilities.
1.What does the underlined word "releasing" in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Giving out. B.Getting over. C.Finding out. D.Taking over.
2.What does Wan Ruixue feel about the study of cutting-edge technologies in China
A.Anxious. B.Confident. C.Disappointed. D.Satisfied.
3.What can we learn about Wan Ruixue's journey of becoming a biologist
A.Her teacher led her into the field. B.She finds it's easier than she thought.
C.Her contribution has been recognised. D.She thinks it's boring but worth trying.
4.Which can be the best title of the text
A.China's Breakthrough in Science B.Rising Young Scientists in China
C.Successful Chinese Scientists D.New Image of Chinese Scientists
二、七选五
6． Life is like a book, from which we can find happiness and sorrow, success and failure, hope and despair (绝望), and love. Life is a learning process. ①__________.
Happiness and sorrow
Materialistic happiness is short-lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a smile to others gives a certain level of fulfilment. Peace of mind is the main link with happiness. ②__________. We realise the true worth of happiness when we are in sorrow.
③__________
Failure is the path to success. It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way.
Hope and despair
④__________. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds up patience. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day. Nothing remains the same. We have only one choice— keep moving on in life and be hopeful.
Love
Love plays a key role in our life. ⑤__________. In the early stages of our life, our parents are the ones who show us unconditional love and care. They tell us what is right or wrong, good or bad. But we always tend to take these for granted. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to the feelings of others.
A.SuccessA.Success and failure
B.Failure leads to success
C.Hope is what keeps life going
D.No mind is happy without peace
E.Life teaches us not to regret forever
F.Without love, a person could become cruel and violent
G.Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us better people
三、语法填空
7．It was _____(normal) for him to turn up late, for he set off early.
8．The nurses are tending to the _____(injure) carefully.
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由本文Virtual Experience: Harvard's High School Programs部分中的Financial aid is available for qualifying students.(符合条件的学生可以获得经济援助。)可知预算紧张的家庭可能会选择Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) –Frontiers Program。故选D。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由本文Virtual Experience: Harvard's High School Programs部分中的If you're wondering what college is like, Harvard offers online college programs just for high school students who are curious.(如果你想知道大学是什么样的,哈佛大学只为好奇的高中生提供在线大学课程。)Virtual Experience:American UniversityHigh School Summer Scholars部分中的This multi–week, online program helps high school students pursue their interests in a variety of topics.(这项为期数周的在线课程帮助高中生在各种各样的话题上追求自己的兴趣。)Virtual Experience:Worcester Polytechnic Institute(WPI)-Frontiers Program部分中的This online, summer program is designed for high school students entering their junior and senior years.(这个在线的暑期课程是为进入初中和高中的高中生设计的。)和Virtual/In-Person Opportunities: Immerse Education Programs部分中的Immerse Education's summer programs offer in-person and online courses in a variety of subjects and take place throughout the United Kingdom and Australia.(沉浸式教育的暑期课程在英国和澳大利亚举办,提供各种主题的现场课程和在线课程。)可知这四个项目的共同点是他们提供在线学习的机会。故选A。
3．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。由本文Virtual Experience: Harvard's High School Programs部分中的If you're wondering what college is like, Harvard offers online college programs just for high school students who are curious.(如果你想知道大学是什么样的,哈佛大学只为好奇的高中生提供在线大学课程。)Virtual Experience:American UniversityHigh School Summer Scholars部分中的This multi–week, online program helps high school students pursue their interests in a variety of topics.(这项为期数周的在线课程帮助高中生在各种各样的话题上追求自己的兴趣。)Virtual Experience:Worcester Polytechnic Institute(WPI)一Frontiers Program部分中的This online, summer program is designed for high school students entering their junior and senior years.(这个在线的暑期课程是为进入初中和高中的高中生设计的。)和Virtual/In一Person Opportunities: Immerse Education Programs部分中的Students ages 11-18 from around the world get to learn on the campuses of Cambridge, Oxford, London and the University of Sydney.(来自世界各地的11-18岁学生可以在剑桥、牛津、伦敦和悉尼大学的校园学习。)可知文本主要针对高中生。故选D。
4．答案：1-4.DABB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段内容及第二段的Mikah realised that by not buying the $300 device, he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless可知,米卡放弃礼物是为了做慈善。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的He knew how much it meant to be warm in the cold holiday season.和第三段内容可知,米卡能理解无家可归的人的处境,是因为他曾经有同样的境遇。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of "Santa's list of nice boys" that year可推知,米卡·弗赖伊最终得到了他想要的礼物——一台XBox游戏机。故选B项。
4.主旨大意题。本文讲述了一个九岁男孩放弃自己的圣诞礼物为无家可归的人买毛毯的感人故事,所以最佳题目应是Mikah's Giving Warmth on Christmas。故选B项。
5．答案：1-4.ABCB
解析：本文是一篇说明文。中国的青年科学家正在世界舞台上展现他们的才能和本领。万蕊雪就是其中一位,文中介绍了她所取得的科研成就及其求学和科研经历等信息。
1.词义猜测题。根据画线词前的 Young scientists are making their voices heard 可知,年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发出自己的声音,也就是“释放”他们的才能和本领。故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知,万蕊雪认为中国的尖端科技研究和其他发达国家站在同一起跑线上,而在结构生物学的研究领域,中国有可能处于领先地位。由此可推知,她对中国的尖端科技的研究是有信心的。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的 At the age of 28 in 2018, Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists. 可知,万蕊雪获得了《科学》杂志及 SciLifeLab 颁发的2018年度青年科学家奖,说明她的贡献得到了认可。故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。文章开头指出中国的青年科学家们正在世界舞台上展现他们的才能和本领,之后以万蕊雪为例,介绍了她的科研成就及其求学和科研经历等信息。所以文章主要围绕中国冉冉升起的科学新星展开介绍。故选B项。
6．答案：GDACF
解析：①空前表明生活是学习的过程,G项(生活中的经历教会我们新的道理,让我们成为更好的人)承接上文,进一步阐述了这一论点的具体表现,符合语境。其中的teach与空前的learning相呼应。故选G项。
②空前一句 Peace of mind is the main link with happiness.表明心境的安宁是连接幸福的主要纽带,peace和happiness为关键词。D项(没有安宁就没有幸福)与之相呼应,故选D项。
③设空处为段落的小标题,根据第一段的列举和本段内容可知,本段主要阐述失败对成功的作用。且按照文章小标题结构,此处应选择两个并列成分,故选A项。
④本段小标题为Hope and despair,空后主要阐述希望的作用,此处应填入与希望相关的句子,C项(希望是生活前进的动力)符合语境。hope为关键词。故选C项。
⑤本段小标题为Love,空前表明爱在生活中起关键作用,此处应进行相关阐述。F项(没有爱,人会变得残忍和暴力)符合语境。love为关键词。故选F项。
7．答案：abnormal
解析：句意为:他来晚了,这不太正常,因为他很早就出发了。根据语境可知,应填写normal的反义词,表示“不正常的”。
8．答案：injured
解析：句意为:护士们正在仔细地照顾伤者。“the+adj.”可表示一类人,如the poor、the rich, the elderly、the old等。
