Unit 3 Conservation Writing Workshop—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册随堂小练
一、阅读理解
Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding(繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf(犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity(圈养).
Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: "Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day."
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a "critically endangered" status.
1．Which of the following best describes the breeding programme
A.Costly. B.Controversial. C.Ambitious. D.Successful.
2．What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino
A.She loves staying with her mother. B.She dislikes outdoor activities.
C.She is in good condition. D.She is sensitive to heat.
3．What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have
A.They had their first born in January. B.They enjoyed exploring new places.
C.They lived with their grandmothers. D.They were brought to the reserve young.
4．What can be inferred about Port Lympne Reserve
A.The rhino section will be open to the public.
B.It aims to control the number of the animals.
C.It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.
D.Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.
5． A study has found that warmer waters off North America's West Coast caused many kinds of sea life to move farther north than ever before.
The study was a project of scientists from the University of California, Davis. The scientists examined waters off the coast of Northern California in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The researchers say they recognised a total of 67 species(物种) between 2014 and 2016, during what was described as a "marine heatwave". Marine heatwaves were explained in the study as "a period of extreme sea surface temperatures lasting for days to months". The 2014-2016 heatwave is thought to be the largest ever recorded. The warm water later moved south towards California.
The warmer water was partly a product of El Ni o conditions during the same period, researchers noted. El Nino develops when winds off the coast of South America weaken. This enabled warm waters in the western Pacific to move eastwards. El Nino often causes ocean temperatures in the area to rise between 2 to 4 degrees Celsius, the study found.
The researchers reported that 37 of the 67 species they studied had never before been observed so far north as California. These creatures are native to an area hundreds of kilometres to the south, mainly around Baja California in Mexico. A few were even found north of California, off the state of Oregon. The northward travel of so many different sea creatures was considered "unprecedented(史无前例的)" by the researchers. Among the species found in the study were a meat-eating sea slug that hunts other sea slugs, a sea snail "butterfly" and purple-lined jellyfish. Another unexpected visitor was the pelagic red crab, which researchers said had only been found in areas off the coast of Mexico.
Scientists involved in the study believe the findings can provide valuable information for knowing future sea life reactions to warming oceans.
Similar findings along the US East Coast
There is also evidence suggesting that warming waters in the Atlantic Ocean have caused some sea creatures to move northwards.
A 2017 report in Yale University's online magazine Environment 360 explores this subject. The report notes that for many years, the ocean "has served as our best defense against climate change". This is because ocean waters have taken in nearly all of the atmosphere's extra heat. This has led to warmer oceans, with experts predicting continuing rising temperatures.
1.What is a marine heatwave according to the passage (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________2.What2.What contributes to El Nino conditions (no more than 5 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________
3.Why does the author mention the meat-eating sea slug in Paragraph 4 (no more than 12 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________
4.Why has the ocean "served as our best defense against climate change" (no more than 15 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________
5.What is the main idea of the passage (no more than 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________________
6． Bill Bowerman was a track coach. He wanted to help athletes run faster. So he had learnt how to make running shoes. He had also started a shoe company with a friend. It was 1971. Running shoes at the time were heavy. They had spikes(鞋钉) on the sole(鞋底) The spikes tore up the track and slowed down runners.
To make a lighter shoe, Bill tried the skins of fish. To make a better sole, he wanted to replace the spikes. Bill dug through his wife Barbara's jewelry box. He hoped to find a piece of jewelry with an interesting pattern. He would then copy the pattern onto the new soles. Nothing worked. Bill was defeated.
Then, one Sunday morning, Barbara made Bill waffles (华夫饼) for breakfast. Bill watched her cook.
He studied the criss-cross pattern on a waffle iron.
Inspiration struck. The pattern on the waffle iron was just what Bill was looking for. The squares were flatter and wider than sharp spikes. The pattern would help the shoes hold any surface without tearing it up.
When Barbara left the house, Bill ran to his lab. He took the liquid chemicals that, when mixed, would harden into the sole of a shoe. He poured the mixture into the waffle iron—and the Waffle Trainer was born.
Bill's company put the Waffle Trainer on market in 1974. It was a huge hit. Maybe you’ve heard of that company—it's called Nike. And today it's worth around $200 billion.
It was the waffle iron that had changed the course of Bill's life—and helped turn Nike into a well-known name. Today, the waffle iron is kept at Nike headquarters. It serves as a reminder that if we keep trying, we can find a solution to even the most difficult problems. And those solutions can come from unlikely places, even the breakfast table.
1.What shortcomings did the old-style running shoes have
A.They were hard to wear. B.They were too large.
C.They were impractical. D.They were easy to break.
2.Where did Bill get the inspiration to invent the famous Waffle Trainer
A.From the skins of the fish. B.From his wife's jewelry.
C.From the colour of the iron. D.From his wife's cooking.
3.What can we learn from Bill's success
A.A cheering wife is the joy of life. B.Two heads are better than one.
C.Where there's a will, there's a way. D.A bad workman quarrels with his tools.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Waffles and Nike B.Inspiration and Invention
C.A Great Inventor D.A Well-Known Company
二、语法填空
7．The painting will be a lasting memorial _____ a remarkable woman.
8．In the _____(follow) years, some endangered animals are expected to experience worse conditions because of the loss of habitats.
三、书面表达
9．组句成篇。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve以及especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity可知, 人工繁育黑犀牛是很困难的, 而这个项目已迎来第40头人工繁育的黑犀牛, 由此可知, 该项目十分成功。故选D项。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore.可知, 这头新繁育出的黑犀牛幼崽身体状况良好。故选C项。
3．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的When the tiny creature arrived on January 31和第二段中的Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum以及第三段中的arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima可知, 这两头黑犀牛的共同之处在于它们都是在1月份产下第一只幼崽。故选A项。
4．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild可知, 现在说是否将这两头新繁育的黑犀牛幼崽送回野生保护区还为时过早, 从而可推断出该基地可能会视情况将一些繁育出的黑犀牛送回野生保护区。故选D项。
5．1.It1.It is a period of extreme sea surface temperatures lasting for days to months.
2.Weakened winds off South America.
3.To prove that ocean temperatures along California are higher than before.
4.Because ocean waters have taken in nearly all of the atmosphere's extra heat.
5.Warm waters caused many sea creatures to move far north.
解析：
6．答案：1-4.CDCA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的Running shoes at the time were heavy. They had spikes on the sole. The spikes tore up the track and slowed down runners.可知,老式跑鞋很沉,且鞋底的鞋钉易损坏跑道,同时减慢跑步者的速度,由此可知,老式跑鞋的缺点是不实用,故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第五段前两句Inspiration struck. The pattern on the waffle iron was just what Bill was .looking for,可知,比尔从妻子做华夫饼的模具中找到了制作新款跑鞋的灵感,故选D项。
3.推理判断题。通读全文可知,比尔发现老式跑鞋的弊端,决心设计新款跑鞋,经过多次尝试改进,从1971年到1974年,用了. 三年时间终于完成第一款大受欢迎的耐克鞋,这个发明的过程启示人们面对困难,只要不放弃、多钻研,定能找到解决的办法,故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,比尔在设计新款耐克鞋的过程中多次受阻,但在妻子制作华夫饼时受到启发而突破了工作的瓶颈,让新款耐克鞋得以发明,华夫饼是新款耐克鞋诞生的关键转折点,故选A项。
7．答案：to
解析：句意为:这幅油画将成为对一位杰出女性的永久纪念。A memorial to...为固定表达,意为“对……的纪念”。故填to。
8．答案：following
解析：句意为:接下来的几年里,由于失去栖息地,一些濒危动物的处境预计会变得更加糟糕。根据设空处后面的名词years可知,此处应用形容词作定语,故填following。
9．答案：
Some of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams. They also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However, other students are against the idea, saying that the Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of more than 100 years, and is well-known at home and abroad. So it should remain where it is. What's more, moving may cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision which has to be made by people in Beijing.Unit 3 Conservation Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册随堂小练
一、阅读理解
1． Each year, hundreds of thousands of wild animals around the world are killed in trophy hunting—the organised shooting of animals for pleasure. The hunters then bring parts of the animal home with them as their "trophy" to remember the hunting.
Trophy hunters pay big money to kill animals. Some of the money goes to helping wildlife protection. Trophy hunting also attracts business, which encourages people to preserve land and breed (饲养) animals that would otherwise be endangered. Cathy Dean, head of the Save the Rhino Charity, says that at the start of the 1900s there were only 50 - 100 southern white rhinos. Now, there are around 18,000. This is partly because some of them were raised specially for trophy hunting.
But things don't usually go on one way. According to WWF, elephant populations have fallen from 1.3 million to just over 400,000 since the 1980s. Over the same period, hunters from around the world have taken home more than 100,000 African elephant trophies. Trophy hunting is not illegal but unfair on the animals. In 2015, Cecil the lion was shot by a US trophy hunter. Cecil was a beloved lion in Zimbabwe, Africa. Cecil was lured with bait (诱饵), shot with an arrow and struggled in blood for more than ten hours before his hunters tracked and finished killing him. His son, Xanda, met a similar fate two years later.
Cecil's death caused worldwide outrage and protests (反抗) against trophy hunting. Countries including Australia, France and the Netherlands banned(禁止) the import of lion trophies—they stop hunters from being allowed to bring home parts of the animal they kill. They believe that people will stop trophy hunting because the activity might lose its attraction if hunters can't bring their trophies home.
The UK government said that it would consider a ban on trophy-hunting imports by 2017, but no action had been taken. In April 2019, a letter by protesters against trophy hunting was sent to the UK government asking to ban trophy-hunting imports. On 7 May, the official in charge of the environment, Michael Gove, said that the UK would not ban the imports for the time being. This left the world in a state of shock. Hopefully the UK will place a ban on trophy-hunting imports, which would be an important message and inspire others to treat animals better. We're waiting for the day to come.
1.A trophy hunter usually ______________.
A.kills wild animals for food
B.learns about wildlife in the hunting
C.gives a large amount of money to protect wildlife
D.takeshunting2.Why2.Whyal home in memory of the hunting2.Why2.Why does the writer mention Cecil's story in Paragraph 3
A.To prove trophy hunting makes some animal species endangered.
B.To show how animals suffered painfully in trophy hunting.
C.To attach importance to protecting wild lions in Africa.
D.To persuade trophy hunters to hunt in a legal way.
3.What is the writers attitude towards the UK's decision on the ban of trophy-hunting imports
A.Delighted. B.Disappointed. C.Approved. D.Positive.
2． Cao Zhawa has been planting trees for most of his life. He lives and works in the heart of Mu Us Desert, an area in the southwest part of Inner Mongolia.
In 1958, when he was just 16 years old, Cao started planting trees. Cao's trees now cover an area of more than 1. 3 million square metres. Cao's forest is worth an estimated 10 million yuan and can produce 100,000 kilograms of oxygen, enough to sustain a full-grown adult for nearly a year.
Mu Us Desert is one of the places in China most affected by erosion (侵蚀) and desertification. The amount of annual rainfall ranges from 150 to 300 millimetres, while evaporation(蒸发) between 2,000 and 3,000 millimetres. Cao recalls that his growing-up was troubled by sandstorms. This was one of the factors that motivated Cao to join and stay on the tree-planting programme.
Popularly known as the "Green Great Wall", the project, which is set for completion in 2050, would be a 4, 800-kilometre green belt of trees and shrubs (灌木) protecting the area from strong winds and preventing soil erosion. Since the start of the Three-North Shelter Forest Programme, millions of people have joined in and become a vital part of the plan.
However, the tree-planters face a host of challenges, with watering the most difficult among them. "When I was young, the level of groundwater was high," said Cao. "But with less rain, the trees are hard to plant and keep alive."
Planting trees has also become harder for Cao as he ages. However, he doesn't want to leave the forest in the care of his children, and he insists the land belongs to the government. "When I die, I just want to be buried under the trees," Cao said. "Then I will be with them forever."
1.By listing the figures in Paragraph 2, the author wants to _____________.
A.show Cao has had a hard life B.praise Cao for his contribution
C.tell us how much oxygen an adult needs D.make it clear that Cao has made a fortune
2.Why did Cao make up his mind to plant trees
A.Evaporation in his hometown was serious.
B.He had no other ways to earn a living.
C.He found it a pleasure to plant trees.
D.Sandstorms kept striking his hometown.
3.What does Cao Zhawa most care about
A.His health. B.His wealth.
C.The forest's ownership (所有权). D.His children's future.
4.What's the best title for the passage
A.An Elder in the Desert
B.A Life Devoted to Planting Trees
C.Mu Us Desert Requires Forest
D.Cao Zhawa—a Peasant with a Great Dream
3． The worst outbreak of desert locusts (蝗虫) in decades is presently underway in the Horn of Africa. It is the biggest of its kind in 25 years for Ethiopia and Somalia--and the worst Kenya has seen for 70 years.
What we are seeing in East Africa today is unlike anything we've seen in a very long time. Its destructive potential is enormous, and it's taking place in a region where farmers need every gram of food to feed themselves and their families. Most of the hardest hit countries are those where millions of people have already been vulnerable (易受伤害的) or in serious humanitarian need, as they endure the impact of violence, drought, and floods.
We have acted quickly to respond to this outbreak. The primary method of battling with locusts is the aerial spraying of pesticides (杀虫剂). FAO's (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) "Locust Watch" service explains that "although giant nets, flame throwers, lasers, and huge vacuums have been proposed in the past, these are not in use for locust control. Birds can eat locusts but it's usually not enough to significantly reduce their population levels over large areas".
The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs has released $10 million from its Central Emergency Response Fund to fund large-scale aerial operations to manage the outbreak.
But the window of containing this crisis is closing fast. We only have to bring this infestation under control before the beginning of March as that is when the planting season begins. If left unchecked--and with expected additional rain--locust population in East Africa could increase 500 times by June.
We must act now to avoid a full-blown catastrophe. And we will. At the same time, we need to pay attention to a bigger picture. This is not the first time the Horn of Africa has seen locust outbreak approach this scale, but the current situation is the worst in decades. This is linked to climate change. Warmer seas mean more tropical storms, generating the perfect breeding conditions for locusts.
1.What is implied in Paragraph 2
A.People in East Africa are suffering drought.
B.People in East Africa are going through floods.
C.The locust outbreak will cause crop failures.
D.The locust outbreak is worsening the locals'life.
2.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.We need a bigger picture to study the disaster.
B.It is the second outbreak of locusts in East Africa.
C.It is the largest outbreak of locusts ever in history.
D.The outbreak of locusts is fueled by global warming.
3.What is the purpose of the text
A.To analyze and compare. B.To inform and call for.
C.To argue and discuss. D.To introduce and assess.
4.Where does the text probably come from
A.A guidebook. B.A health magazine. C.A news report. D.A chemistry paper.
二、七选五
4．Urban Wildlife
Cities are diverse ecosystems. In addition to visitors from the wilderness, a large number of species share our urban areas. As our cities spread, we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbours.
Cities are built for humans. ①______ For example, most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful. But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats.
②______ When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats.③______ Now, they have come to value their winged neighbours. The bats are a tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.
There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example. The park has used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife. The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds. In many ways, the park is the opposite of a zoo. ④______
If we learn to share our space, we can become better neighbours to the wildlife around us. ⑤______ Our own future will be in danger too.
A.TheyA.They are built to protect birds.
B.Our actions sometimes help other species.
C.If we do not, more species will become extinct.
D.They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife.
E.Instead of being kept in cages, wildlife can move about freely.
F.At first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.
G.They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.
三、语法填空
5．The society was set up to preserve _____(endanger) species from dying out.
6．The tour into history facts is so _____(information) and entertaining that it inspires me a lot.
参考答案
1．答案：1-3.DBB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"The hunters then bring parts of the animal home with them as their 'trophy' to remember the hunting.(然后猎人把动物的一部分带回家作为他们的‘战利品’来纪念这次狩猎。)"可知,猎人通常会把动物的一部分带回家,以纪念这次狩猎。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Trophy hunting is not illegal but unfair on the animals."可知,战利品狩猎并不违法,但对动物是不公平的。 接着文章举出Cecil的事例来进一步说明动物在狩猎中所遭受的痛苦。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"This left the world in a state of shock. Hopefully the UK will place a ban on trophy-hunting imports, which would be an important message and inspire others to treat animals better. We're waiting for the day to come.(这让全世界大为震惊。英国将有望禁止战利品狩猎进口,这将是一个重要的信息,并将激励其他人更好地对待动物。我们在等待那一天的到来。)"可知,对于英国政府的决定,作者感到震惊和不满意。delighted高兴的;disappointed失望的;approved赞同的;positive肯定的。故选B。
2．答案：1-4.BDCB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段的内容"In 1958, when he was just 16 years old, Cao started planting trees. Cao's trees now cover an area of more than 1.3 million square metres. Cao's forest is worth an estimated 10 million yuan and can produce 100,000 kilograms of oxygen, enough to sustain a full-grown adult for nearly a year. (1958 年,年仅 16 岁的曹开始植树,目前他的树木的覆盖面积已超过130万平方米,他的森林价值约1000万元,能产生10万公斤氧气,可维持一个成年人将近一年的生命。)"可推知,这些数据表明,曹扎娃在植树方面取得了很大的成就,作者列举这些数据是为了称赞曹扎娃。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段的内容"Mu UsDesert is one of the places in China most affected by erosion (侵蚀) and desertification ... This was one of the factors that motivated Cao to join and stay on the tree-planting programme.(毛乌素沙地是中国受侵蚀和荒漠化影响最严重的地方之一……这是促使他加人并继续植树计划的原因之一。)"可知,沙尘暴经常侵袭他的家乡,这让他决定要植树。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"However, he doesn't want to leave the forest in the care of his children, and he insists the land belongs to the government.(然而,他不想把森林留给他的孩子们,他坚持土地属于政府。)"可知,他最在意的是森林的归属权,他坚持森林属于政府,属于国家。 故选C。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容"Cao Zhawa has been planting trees for most of his life. He lives and works in the heart of Mu Us Desert, an area in the southwest part of Inner Mongolia.(曹扎娃大半辈子都在种树,他生活和工作在内蒙古西南部的毛乌素沙地的中心地带。)"可知,文章主要讲述了一位奉献一生来种树的老人的故事。B项"A Life Devoted to Planting Trees(献身植树造林的一生)"适合做本文标题。故选B。
3．答案：1-4.DDBC
解析：1.推理判断题。由第二段中的 Its destructive potential is enormous, and it's taking place in a region where farmers need every gram of food to feed themselves and their families. 可知,蝗灾的破坏潜力是巨大的,而且它发生在一个农民们需要每一克食物来养活自己和家人的地区。原本这些地方的人就是依赖土地种植庄稼来养活自己和家人,现在蝗灾爆发,只会让当地人的生活更加艰难。故选D项。
2.推理判断题。由最后一段的最后两句可知,蝗灾爆发与气候变化有关。气候变化导致海洋变暖,带来更多的热带风暴,为蝗虫创造了完美的繁殖条件。由此可知,全球变暖对蝗灾的爆发起到了推动作用。故选D项。
3.推理判断题。结合全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了非洲东部蝗灾的爆发。由最后一段中的 We must act now to avoid a full-blown catastrophe. 可知,作者呼吁人们现在行动起来,避免一场全面爆发的灾难。所以这篇文章的目的是告知和呼吁大家采取行动来应对蝗灾。故选B项。
4.推理判断题。本篇文章介绍了非洲东部爆发的蝗虫灾害给当地人的生活带来严重影响,因此作者呼吁大家采取行动。由此可推断,本文可能出自新闻报道,故选C项。
4．答案：DBFEC
解析：①根据空前的 Cities are built for humans.与空后的 we destroy natural habitats 可知,城市往往不能为野生动物提供合适的栖息地。故选D项。
②根据空后的 When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineer added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats.可知,桥梁的修缮为蝙蝠提供了家园,这说明我们人类的行为有时也能帮助到其他物种。故选B项。
③根据空后的 Now, they have come to value their winged neighbours.可知,此处填人的句子与空后句子存在对比。come to value 表示“逐渐开始珍惜”,这说明人们之前对蝙蝠是不同的感受。F项“起初,人们害怕这些蝙蝠,努力想要赶走它们”符合语境。故选F项。
④根据上文 The park has used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife.可知,这个公园使用了当地的植物,为野生动物创造了开放的自然空间。由此可推知,野生动物们在这里不用被关在笼子里,可以自由移动,E项符合语境。wildlife为关键词,故选E项。
⑤根据空后的 Our own future will be in danger too. 可知,如果我们没有和野生动物分享我们的空间,动物们会面临灭绝的危险, C项符合语境。下文中的too为关键词。
5．答案：endangered
解析：句意为:成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不致灭绝。设空处修饰其后面的名词species,应用形容词作定语,故填 endangered。
6．答案： informative
解析：句意为:这次历史之旅如此丰富且有趣,给了我很多启发。解题思路句子成分可知,设空处与entertaining并列,作表语,应用形容词。故填informative。Unit 3 Conservation Lesson 2 War on Plastic Packets—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册随堂小练
一、阅读理解
1． Human demands for natural resources have doubled in less than 50 years and are now beyond what the earth can provide, a report warned. If humans carry on like this, we will need two earths by 2030. The population of wildlife has fallen by 60% in thirty years.
The report said British people are consuming (消耗) far more than the earth can deal with. If everyone lived such a lifestyle, humans would need 2.75 planets to survive. People are now living lifestyles which would require 1.5 planets, though there are great differences between rich and poor nations.
Researchers studied the global change in land use and water consumption. The UK comes 31st in a list of countries based on "ecological footprint (生态足迹)" that measures how much land and sea each person needs to produce the resources they consume and to absorb the wastes. The UK has fallen down from the 15th place in the last report two years ago to the 31 st place, but the WWF believes it is an increase in other countries' efforts rather than a reduction in the UK's use of resources.
Ireland has the 10th highest ecological footprint, while the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Denmark, Belgium and the US are the five worst countries for over-consumption of resources. The study suggests if the expected global population of 9.2 billion in 2050 were to eat a Malaysian diet, 1.3 planets would be needed but if everyone were to eat an Italian diet, humans would need almost two planets. Those countries that can provide the highest quality of life using the lowest amount of resources will not only serve the global interest, but will be the leaders in a resource-limited world.
1.We will probably need _____ earths if we follow the British lifestyle.
A.1.3 B.2.75 C.2 D.1.52.What2.What do we know about "ecological footprint"
A.It has something to do with human demands for resources and their wastes.
B.It is used to produce the resources and absorb the wastes.
C.We can know the total amount of resources on the earth through it.
D.It is about changes in land use and water consumption across the globe.
3.The WWF believes that _____.
A.the Earth won't be able to meet human needs after 50 years
B.the UK has possibly not reduced the use of resources over the past two years
C.Ireland has a lower ecological footprint than the UK
D.there are no big differences in lifestyle between rich and poor nations
4.What can we learn about Malaysia from the text
A.It has a larger population than Italy.
B.It consumes fewer resources than Italy.
C.It would need almost two planets.
D.It has the highest quality of life.
2． Nearly every week, we hear news about the latest successes and failures in driverless vehicles. But we hear little about how other industries are developing this same kind of technology.
One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is panies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.
One of the companies is ecoRobotix of Switzerland. It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. The robot has four wheels to carry it through the fields in search of puter-controlled arms then lower and spray the weeds with small amounts of herbicide (除草剂). Company officials say the robot can fully operate on its own for up to 12 hours a day while being powered by the sun. It uses the same kind of sensor and positioning technology used to guide driverless vehicles. A farmer can also control the equipment through a smartphone.
The co-founder of ecoRobotix, Aurelien Demaurex, says the farm robot can kill weeds with 20 times less herbicide than traditional methods. This is because the system uses exactly the right amount of chemical in the exact place required to kill the weeds. Currently, farmers spread weed killers over massive areas to destroy unwanted plants.
Another company developing farm robotics is California-based Blue River Technology. The company has a system called "See & Spray", which it claims is the world's first smart sprayer. The system—which connects to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds. It can also spray chemicals on wanted plants to help them grow. Ben Chostner, vice-president of business development for Blue River Technology, explains in a company video that "See & Spray" technology uses the same deep learning methods used in facial recognition. "The first time the machine saw a pigweed, it didn't know what kind of plant it was. But we taught it—by giving it tens of thousands of examples of pigweed—and now it's an expert in pigweed."
1.How will AI benefit agriculture
A.It will fund agriculture research. B.It contributes to low-cost farming.
C.It can avoid harmful chemicals. D.It frees all farmers from field work.
2.What do the products of the two companies have in common
A.They use recognition technology. B.They are powered by solar energy.
C.They are connected with smart phones. D.They can help wanted plants grow rapidly.
3.What do Ben Chostner's words suggest about the robot
A.It is environmentally friendly. B.It is good at self-improving.
C.It has the learning ability. D.It can track various plants.
4.What is mainly talked about in the text
A.The experiment in farming robots. B.New trend in artificial intelligence.
C.Modern "See & Spray" technology. D.Artificial intelligence in agriculture.
3． Terrible disasters in the last 50 or 100 years have become increasingly common. Over the last 30 years, the number of weather-related disasters has increased quickly, and the disasters have also affected more people and caused more economic loss. However, much of this could be avoided through disaster risk reduction(DRR,降低灾难风险).
A meeting, held in Sendai, Japan on March 15, 2015, opened one day after Cyclone Pam(飓风“帕姆”) hit Vanuatu, which struck the islands with winds of up to 340km/h and destroyed the island nation. The speech by the President of Vanuatu was given shortly after that. He begged the international community for support and stronger commitment(承诺) to helping them manage climate and disaster risks. In the face of disasters, it is always the developing countries that suffer most. Damage in these countries is often worse, because there is limited money and technique to prevent these disasters.
In fact, we have seen Asian countries—especially those that have suffered a lot in disasters can't pay the price. Great loss Asia has suffered comes to a total of almost $53 billion yearly over the past 20 years.
At the same time, studies have shown once again that proper prevention saves lives and reduces damage. With this in mind, people at the Sendai meeting were able to come up with new agreements that effective ways of disaster risk reduction will be carried out in the coming years for those who easily get damaged in disasters.
1.According to the first paragraph, disasters ________.
A.can all be prevented B.have become more frequent
C.are all weather-related ones D.affect fewer people than before
2.We can know from the passage that ________.
A.the Sendai meeting was held one day after a cyclone hit Vanuatu
B.Vanuatu was terribly destroyed by an earthquake
C.the President of Vanuatu begged his country to prevent the disaster
D.Vanuatu is a small island in Japan
3.When a disaster happens, which of the following countries may suffer most
A.Japan. B.America. C.Vietnam. D.Britain.
4.Which of the following can be the title of this passage
A.Proper Ways of Saving Lives and Reducing Damage Have Been Come Up With
B.The Sendai Meeting Has Made New Commitments
C.Natural Disasters Have Become More Common
D.Some Natural Disaster Risks Can Be Reduced and Avoided
二、七选五
4． Green travel is becoming more and more popular. Travellers are changing their usual holiday places through green travel. It is not only good for the Earth, but also for the experience of the trip. ①_______________
Choose a green place.
②_______________ If you are one of those travellers, start by choosing a green place. Travellers should look at places that are friendly to the environment.
③_______________
Travellers should know something about green hotels before they book. Some hotels host educational talks to help their guests make green choices; other hotels will use signs and brochures to educate the guests.
Use public transport; hire a bike or walk.
It may seem easy to drive a private car to see the sights, but it is not good for the environment. To reduce the carbon emissions, why not use public transport ④_______________, ride a bike or walk.
Choose to eat locally.
Many travellers want to visit local homes and taste home-cooked meals. Eating locally has a good influence (影响) on a country.
Say no to plastic.
One of the biggest problems in the world is the use of plastic. Green travellers can reduce the use of plastic by taking part in clean-up activities. ⑤_______________, travellers have to find practical ways of dealing with it.
A. Choose a green hotel.
B. If the places are nearby
C. Since plastic is everywhere
D. Have you made the right decision
E. Choose a friend to travel with you.
F. The following are the ways of green travel.
G. Do you want to make a difference in the world
三、语法填空
5．All too often, great words in a book end up _____(turn) into cinematic “turkeys”.
6．The ability to separate out _____(reuse) elements from other waste is crucial.
四、书面表达
7． 你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题, 举办英语征文比赛, 请你写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括:
1.海洋的重要性;
2.保护海洋的倡议。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
Our Oceans, Our Responsibility
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．1-4.BABB1-B
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"The report said British people are consuming (消耗) far more than the Earth can deal with. If everyone lived such a lifestyle, humans would need 2.75 planets to survive."可知,如果我们仿效英国人的生活方式,我们可能需要2. 75个地球。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"...based on 'ecological footprint (生态足迹)' that measures how much land and sea each person needs to produce the resources they consume and to absorb (吸收) the wastes."可知,生态足迹与人类对资源的需求和浪费有关,故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,英国的排名从两年前的第15位降至第31位,但世界自然基金会认为,这是其他国家努力的结果,而不是英国的资源使用量减少了。因此,世界自然基金会认为,英国可能没有减少对资源的使用。故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"The study suggests if the expected global population of 9. 2 billion in 2050 were to eat a Malaysian diet, 1.3 planets would be needed but if everyone were to eat an Italian diet, humans would need almost two planets."可知,马来西亚人的消费模式消耗的资源比意大利的少,故选B。
2．答案：1-4.BACD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is panies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.可知,人工智能通过帮助农民节省时间和金钱即降低成本造福农业,故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的One of the companies is ecoRobotix of Switzerland. It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. 和最后一段中的The system—which connects to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds.可知,这两家公司的产品的共同之处是他们都使用识别技术,故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中本·乔斯特纳的话可知,该技术使用了与人脸识别相同的深度学习方法。在人们教它大量例子之后,它由不认识藜草转变成为藜草专家,所以他的话表明这个机器人有学习能力,故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。第二段中的One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture.是全文的主题句,结合全文内容可知,这篇文章主要讲了人工智能在农业中的应用,故选D项。
3．答案：1-4.BACD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一句可知,在过去的50年或100年中,严重的灾害越来越常见。故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,在飓风“帕姆”袭击瓦努阿图后的第二天,日本仙台就举行了会议。故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句可知,在灾难面前, 总是发展中国家遭受的损失最大。选项中只有Vietnam(越南)是发展中国家。故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文可知,第一段最后一句是本文的主旨句,句意为:但是很多(人身和财产)损失是可以通过降低灾难风险来避免的。最后一段第一句指出适当的预防措施可以挽救生命和减少损失,首尾呼应,故选D项。
4．答案：FGABC
解析：①结合下文列举的绿色旅游的方式可知,F项"The following are the ways of green travel.(以下是绿色旅游的方式)"符合语境。故选F。
②结合下文"If you are one of those travellers, start by choosing a green place. Travellers should look at places that are friendly to the environment.(如果你是这些旅行者中的一员,那就从选择一个绿色的地方开始吧。旅行者应该看看那些对环境友好的地方)"可知,选择对环境友好的地方是绿色旅游改变世界的一种方式,G项"Do you want to make a difference in the world "符合语境。故选G。
③根据下文 "Travellers should know something about green hotels before they book.(旅行者在预订宾馆前应该了解一下绿色旅馆)"中的green hotels可对应到A 项"Choose a green hotel.(选择一个绿色旅馆)",所以该项符合语境。故选A。
④根据下文"ride a bike or walk(骑自行车或步行)"可知,此句意为“如果地点在附近的话,请骑车或步行”。B项"If the places are nearby"符合语境。故选B。
⑤根据上文"Green travellers can reduce the use of plastic by taking part in clean-up activities.(绿色旅行者可以通过参加清洁活动来减少塑料的使用)"的中plastic可对应到C项"Since plastic is everywhere (既然塑料无处不在)",该项也与下文"travellers have to find practical ways of dealing with it(旅行者必须找到切实可行的方法来解决这个问题)"相呼应。故选C。
5．答案：turning/being turned
解析：句意为:很多时候,书中的精彩文字最终变成了失败的电影。end up doing sth为固定用法,表示“以做某事告终”,所以设空处应用动名词形式作宾语;turn (...) into...表示“(使)变成”,既可作及物动词短语,又可作不及物动词短语,故填turning/being turned。
6．答案：reusable
解析：句意为:将可再次利用的成分从其他废料中分离出来的能力至关重要。根据句意可知,设空处作定语,修饰名词elements,应用形容词,表示“可再次利用的”。故填reusable。
7．答案：
Our Oceans, Our Responsibility
June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. It aims to raise people's awareness of protecting oceans.
It goes without saying that oceans play a critical role in the world. Not only do they provide abundant resources and food for us(倒装句), but they are also crucial for the global climate development. ①Additionally, oceans are "the lungs of our planet", providing most of the oxygen we breathe(非谓语动词短语, 其中包括一个省略关系词的定语从句).
②As high school students, it's our responsibility to protect them. First of all, do what we can(宾语从句) to make a difference. For example, stop throwing garbage into oceans. In addition, call on people around us to take action, too. I believe we will have cleaner oceans(宾语从句).
解析：
写作类型 应用文—短文投稿
写作时态 一般现在时 介绍海洋的重要性
一般将来时 表达期待
写作人称 以第一人称和第三人称为主
写作语言 语言应严谨、真挚、有感染力，能够充分说明海洋的重要性，并让人意识到保护海洋的紧迫性
写作要点 第一段 引入话题，表明主题
第二段 阐述海洋的重要性
第三段 发出保护海洋的倡议并提出具体举措Unit 3 Conservation Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction—高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册随堂小练
一、阅读理解
1． On August 25, Hurricane Harvey made landfall in southern Texas. The storm lasted for days, pouring almost 60 inches of rain. The downpour caused widespread flooding, forcing more than 32,000 people into shelters and damaging the city's water supply system.
The only silver lining is that disasters like these seem to unite people. While the number of organisations and individuals that have gone all out to assist the victims is too many to list, here are some highlights of the outpouring of support that has made headlines this past week.
A week ago, NFL player JJ Watt set up a website with a goal to raise $200,000. Soon he has collected over $18 million, and the donations keep pouring in. The thrilled football star wants to ensure the money is used where needed, saying, "We're trying to make sure it goes directly to the people. So our first wave of operation is well have nine semi-trucks going out there and I will go straight into the communities and hand stuff out there."
Ordinary individuals are not shying away from helping either. Jim McIngvale, the owner of a furniture store, turned his two 100,000-square-foot warehouses into shelters. When asked if he was concerned about the furniture that was being used by those living there, he responded, "These people are nice. They're taking care of the furniture. Furniture's made to be sat on, slept on or laid on. It's just a product."
There are also many unsung heroes that are putting their lives at risk to help others. After discovering an elderly man trapped inside his truck, local people made a human chain through the dangerous water to drag him to safety.
While there is not much anyone could have done to prevent the loss, people across the US are doing everything they can to help its people recover.
1.Which can best replace the underlined words "silver lining" in Paragraph 2
A.Problem. B.Opportunity. C.Solution. D.Comfort.
2.How did JJ Watt most probably feel about the donation
A.Disappointed. B.Confused. C.Unexpected. D.Dissatisfied.
3.What did Jim McIngvale do to help the victims in the disaster
A.He helped to save them from drowning. B.He offered them a place to live in.
C.He provided work for them in his store. D.He rented furniture to them cheaply.
4.What spirit does the author mainly intend to praise
A.Determination. B.Selflessness. C.Honesty. D.Bravery.
2． Do you know sand has been used to draw pictures since ancient limes Today, sandpainting, an interesting art, will be introduced to you.
Sandpainting is an art of using the sand to make a fixed or unfixed painting. Maybe we all played fixed sandpainting as we were young. We first painted a simple picture, then we brushed glue (胶水) to the section, and at last we poured coloured sand onto the glue in order to make it fixed.
Unfixed sandpainting has a long cultural history around the world. People poured sand on a surface to make paintings or use some tools to draw pictures in the sand directly. They are often temporary (临时的). Different people draw sandpaintings to express different meanings: love of nature, admiration for God or love of beauty.
Nowadays, sandpainting becomes a performance art and its popularity has risen. On the stages, sandpainting performers make a series of images (图像) by drawing lines and figures in the sand with their fingers and hands. The series of images are used to tell a story.
Kseniya Simonova, who is from Ukraine, is one of the greatest sandpainting performers in the world. People call her "The Lady of the Sand".
Simonova said that she never dreamed she'd become a sand artist, and when she began practising, she nearly gave it up. But she persevered, caring for a household and her baby by day and training every night. You Are Always Nearby is one of the most famous performances of Simonova. It is a story about a young couple separated by a war in which the solider is tragically killed, but returns in spirit to watch over his wife and child. This performance makes all audience cry.
Art is everywhere and is not far away from common people. Art of painting is in our life, even in the sand.
1.Which of the following is necessary to make a fixed sandpainting
A.Glue.B.AB.A printed picture. C.Coloured paper. D.Water.
2.What do we know about Simonova
A.She is the best painter in the world.
B.Being a sand artist is her biggest dream.
C.She once gave up performing for her family.
D.Her performances are popular with people.
3.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A.How sandpainting is becoming popular. B.Why sandpainting is becoming popular.
C.How an image is created in the sand. D.What sandpainting tries to express.
4.The underlined word "persevered" can be replaced by "_________".
A.set off B.gave out C.held on D.ended up
二、七选五
3． Could you imagine what it would be like if there were no other ways to get around except by using your feet Not only would you wear out a lot of shoes but it would take you a long time to get anywhere.
① ______ But that's just the wheel; did you know that the earliest boats were dugout canoes (独木舟) People lit a fire on a big log (原木) and then put the fire out and dug out the burnt wood!
Then there were the Egyptians, who invented the sailing boat, but this could only be used in one direction. ② ______ Later the clever Romans came along and built their famous network of roads across the Roman Empire. ③ ______
Some of the roads did not last very long and they soon became dirt tracks (小路). People travelled on roads by waggon (马车), but most things would be taken by sea in the 16th century, some the forms of the forms of transport that you know today were invented-the bike and the car. ④ ______ The first underground railway in the world was built in London.
As it got easier to travel, people wanted to get to other places faster. ⑤ ______ It was first used in the war, but now it has become an indispensable (不可或缺的) way of transport.
A. Then the aeroplane came into being.
B. Do you know when the car was invented
C. How many kinds of transport can you name
D. In addition, travel was made much easier by railways
E. If the wind was blowing in another direction, they had to row the boat.
F. So the Roman army could march from one part of the empire to another quickly!
G. You really need to thank a few people for saving your poor shoes, like the person who invented the wheel!
4． It’s estimated that families in the UK create more than six million tonnes of food waste each year. With food prices rising, it’s a good time to become a food-waste fighter. ①______ After all, growing, packaging and transporting food uses a lot of Earth’s resources such as energy and water.
②______First, it’s a good idea to find out just how much food goes into your rubbish can. Keep a diary and note down the foods that get thrown most often, and why.
Planning meals for the week can save time and money. Meat from a Sunday roast could go into sandwiches on Monday. Bananas that are brown and soft can be baked into banana bread at the weekend. ③_____
Cooking the correct size helps too. Weigh out pasta or rice you need before you cook it. Before you pile your plate, check how hungry you are. ④______
It’s hard to keep track of food that’s gone to the hack of the fridge. You could label a shelf an “Eat me first” spot for anything that has been there a while. ⑤______ You can freeze leftovers in a sealed container for another day. But heat any leftovers put in a fridge thoroughly before eating.
Finally, use your senses. Some UK supermarkets have taken “best before” dates off fruit and vegetables. This can encourage people to use their nose and eyes to work out if something is still fine to eat. Ask an adult to help. Don’t forget to update your diary to see how much change you can make.
A. Your freezer is another way to save food.
B. Not only will it save money, it is good for the environment.
C. This may prevent you from leaving food because you’re too full.
D. Potatoes and carrots last a long time if kept in a cool, dark place.
E. Apples, bananas, and potatoes are the most common wasted items.
F. Read the instruction carefully to make sure that you use it properly.
G. Here are some simple tips that can help you become food-waste fighters.
三、语法填空
5．_____(compare) to private cars, public buses are more friendly to the environment.
6．How _____(protect) our environment has become one of the most difficult issuesin the world.
参考答案
1．1-4.DCBB1-4.DCBB
解析：1.词义猜测题。根据脚线处后的disasters like these seem to unite people可知,此处是说灾难后唯一的安慰是,人们都团结起来帮助灾民。故选D项。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段的A week ago, NFL player JJ Watt set up a website with a goal to raise $200,000. Soon he has collected over $18 million, and the donations keep pouring in.可知,他本想筹集20万美元,结果很快筹集到1,800万美元,这完全出乎他的意料。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段的Jim McIngvale, the owner of a furniture store, turned his two 100,000-square-foot warehouses into shelters.可知,吉姆为灾民提供住处。故选B项。
4.推理判断题。根据本文内容可知,飓风“哈维”在得克萨斯州南部登陆,给当地造成了巨大的损失,而各行各业的人尽其所能帮助受灾群体。由此可知,作者赞扬的是人们的无私精神。故选B项。
2．答案：1-4.ADAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第三句...we brushed glue to the section, and at last we poured coloured sand onto the glue in order to make it fixed.可知,在胶水上撒上彩色沙子构成图画,胶水起的是固定沙子的作用,故选A项。
2.推理判断题。根据第五段Kseniya Simonova, who is from Ukraine, is one of the greatest sandpainting performers in the world. People call her "The Lady of the Sand".和第六段中的 You Are Always Nearby is one of the most famous performances of Simonova.可知,西蒙诺娃的沙画表演非常受欢迎。故选D项。
3.主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句Nowadays, sandpainting becomes a performance art and its popularity has risen. 可知,沙画成了一门表演艺术,很受欢迎。下面讲具体的沙画制作和表现的主题。所以本段主要讲沙画是怎样变得受欢迎的,故选A项。
4.词义猜测题。此处讲述西蒙诺娃开始学习沙画的时候差点放弃,但她坚持了下来,白天做家务照顾孩子,晚上练习沙画。 persevered意为“坚持”,与C项同义,故选C项。
3．答案：GEFDA
解析：①根据上一段中的Not only would you wear out a lot of shoes but it would take you a long time to get anywhere.和设空处下一句中的 But that's just the wheel可知,设空处起到承上启下的作用;G选项(你真的需要感谢一些人拯救了你可怜的鞋子,比如发明了轮子的人)承接上文,而且与下文相呼应,故选G项。
②根据设空处上一句Then there were the Egyptians, who invented the sailing boat, but this could only be used in one direction.可知,帆船只能在一个方向使用。E选项(如果风从另一个方向吹过来,他们就必须划船)符合语境,其中in another direction与上文呼应。故选E项。
③根据设空处上一句Later the clever Romans came along and built their famous network of roads across the Roman Empire.可知,此处是说后来聪明的罗马人在整个罗马帝国修建了著名的道路网,F选项(因此罗马军队可以快速地从帝国的一个地方行军到另一个地方!)承接上文,符合语境。故选F项。
④根据设空处下一句The first underground railway in the world was built in London.可知,D选项(此外,铁路使出行容易得多)引起下文,符合语境,故选D项。
⑤根据设空处上一句 As it got easier to travel, people wanted to get to other places faster.可知,此处是说随着出行变得越来越容易,人们想更快地到达目的地,A项(然后飞机就出现了)承接上一句话,符合语境,故选A项。
4．答案：①-⑤ BGDCA
解析：①根据前文“With food prices rising, it's a good time to become a food-waste fighter.(随着食品价格的上涨,这是一个成为食物浪费斗士的好时机。)”可知,此处号召我们做一个与食物浪费做斗争的战士,后文应该强调这样做的意义.B选项“Not only will it save money, it is good for the environment(它不仅省钱,对环境也有好处。)”承接前文。故选B。
②根据后文“First, it's a good idea to find out just how much food goes into your rubbish can.(首先,找出你的垃圾桶里到底有多少食物是个好主意。)”可知,设空处应该作为文章的过渡句承上启下,即针对如何节约粮食,减少粮食提出具体建议。G选项“Here are some simple tips that can help you become food-waste fighters.(这里有一些简单的建议,可以帮助你成为食物浪费的斗士,)”符合语境。故选G。
③根据前文“Bananas that are brown and soft can be baked into banana bread at the weekend.(棕色柔软的香燕可以在周末烤成香蕉面包。)”强调的是如何利用前一天剩下的食物,设空处应该与此构成并列结构。D选项“Potatoes and carrots last a long time if kept in a cool, dark place.(土豆和胡萝卜如果放在阴凉处可以保存很长时间。)”强调土豆和胡萝卜如何存放能保存更久,与前文承接。故选D。
④根据前文“Before you pile your plate, check how hungry you are.(在你把盘子堆起来之前,检查一下你有多饿。)”可知,此处强调吃饭之前先弄清楚自己的饥饿程度,后文应该承接的是这样做法的结果。C选项“This may prevent you from leaving food because you're too full.(这可以防止你因为太饱而留下食物。)”中的this 指代前文的行为,承接前文。符合语境。故选C。
⑤根据后文“You can freeze leftovers in a sealed container for another day. But heat any leftovers put in a fridge thoroughly before eating(你可以把剩饭剩菜放在密封的容器里冷冻一天。但是在吃之前,把剩下的食物放到冰箱里彻底加热。)”可知,此处是列举如何利用冰箱来存放本来可能被丢掉的食物。A选项“Your freezer is another way to save food.(冰箱是另一种节省食物的方法。)”中的freezer与后文的a sealed container 相呼应,引起下文。故选A。
5．答案：Compared
解析：句意为:与私家车相比,公共汽车对环境更加友好。解题思路句子结构可知,设空处为非谓语形式作状语,compare和主语 public buses之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故使用其过去分词形式。
6．答案： to protect
解析：句意为:如何保护我们的环境已成为世界上最棘手的问题之一。解题思路句子结构可知, How _____ our environment 在句中作主语,应用“疑问词+不定式”结构,设空处应填动词不定式。故填to protect。
