2025年中考英语复习阅读理解专项集训：方法与哲理（含解析）

2025年中考英语复习阅读理解题专项集训之方法与哲理
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．（2024 济南模拟）The following are some tips for becoming a successful businessman by Michael Bloomberg．They are based on his experience of building a company from the ground up，leading New York City as mayor（市长），and so on．
Take Risks
Life is too short to spend your time avoiding failure．
In 1981，at the age of 39，I lost my job．The next day I took a big risk and began my own company．In 2001，when I was debating whether to run for mayor，most people advised me not to do it．But one person said，"If you can imagine yourself giving a concession（败选）speech，then why not go for it？"That was the best advice I received，and I followed it．
In order to succeed，you must first be willing to fail﹣and you must have the courage to go for it anyway．
Make your own luck
Luck plays a part in success．The harder you work，the luckier you get．
Whatever you choose to do，even if it's not the job of your dreams，always work hard at it．Be the first person at work in the morning and the last to leave at night．Hard work creates chances．
Never stop learning
The most powerful word in English language is"why"．There is nothing so powerful
as an open，inquiring mind（探究精神）．Whatever field you choose for starting a business﹣be a lifelong student．
Give back
You are responsible for your success and failure，but you only succeed if you share the reward with others．
My first donation was a 5 check to my alma mater （母校）．And while the checks（支票）may be bigger today，they come with the same spirit．
You don't have to be wealthy to give back．You can give back by giving your time and talents．
（1）In this passage，Michael Bloomberg is the name of a 　 　．
A．newspaper
B．place
C．company
D．person
（2）What did the writer do at the age of 59？ 　 　
A．Lost his job．
B．Ran for mayor．
C．Built a company．
D．Became a teacher．
（3）From the passage，we can infer that the writer． 　 　
A．is a young mayor
B．seldom cares about others
C．is lucky all the time
D．is a hard﹣working man
（4）Which of the following isn't mentioned in the tips？ 　 　
A．Failure is the mother of success．
B．It's never too old to learn．
C．Money is everything．
D．Luck comes from hard work．
（5）In which of the following columns（栏目）can you find the article？ 　 　
A．Family Life
B．Interesting Stories
C．Experience Sharing
D．Adventures．
2．（2024 江阴市校级模拟）
One monk shoulders two buckets of water.1 Two monks share the load.2 None of the three monks wants to carry water.3
One night，a sudden big fire broke out.4 They work together to put out the fire.5
（1）The pictures above are 　 　.
A．a news report
B．a comic strip
C．a poster
D．a notice
（2）In pictures 3，the monks most probably talk about 　 　.
A．who to carry water
B．how to put out the fire
C．who to harvest crops
D．how to climb up the hill
（3）What can we learn from the pictures？ 　 　
A．It never rains but it pours.
B．Out of sight，out of mind.
C．All for one and one for all.
D．Many hands make light work.
3．（2024 广水市模拟）A number of years ago，a man went to visit a circus（马戏团） in New York.He was able to walk around looking at the lions，monkeys，bears and other circus animals.As he was passing the elephants，he suddenly stopped.He found that these huge elephants were being held by only a small rope tied to their front leg.NO chains，no cages.It was clear that the elephants could，at any time，break away from their ropes but for some reason，they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and didn't try to get away. "Well，" the trainer said， "when they are very young and much smaller，we use the same size rope to tie them and，at that age，it's enough to hold them.As they grow up，they still believe they cannot break away.They believe the rope can hold them，so they never try to break free."
"How could it be？" said the man.These animals could at any time break free from ropes.But because they were always stuck right where they were，they believed they couldn't.
Just like the poor elephants，how many of us go through life believing that we cannot do something，just because we failed at it once before？
Failing is part of learning.
（1）Where were the animals kept？ 　 　
A．In the circus.
B．In the zoo.
C．In the forest.
D．In the park.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "break away" mean？ 　 　
A．击败.
B．打破.
C．挣脱.
D．折断.
（3）How were the elephants held？ 　 　
A．By a strong rope.
B．In cages.
C．With chains.
D．By a small rope.
（4）Which of the following is NOT true？ 　 　
A．The elephants were held in this way when they were young.
B．There were many kinds of animals in the circus.
C．The animals were trained to perform.
D．The elephants often escaped.
（5）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　
A．Well begun is half done.
B．The early bird catches the worm.
C．We should never give up.
D．One tree can't make a forest.
4．（2023 巴中） ①"I will think of it."It is easy to say this，but do you know what great things have come from thinking？Though we can not see，or hear，or feel our thoughts，they are powerful.
②Isaac Newton was seated in his garden on a summer evening when he saw an apple fall from a tree.He began to think，and tried to find out why the apple fell.Then he discovered how the earth，sun，moon，and stars are kept in their places.
③James Ferguson once saw the inside of his father's watch，and he wondered，"Why should I not make a watch？"This set him thinking and it led to a wooden clock which kept good time.
④Walt Disney，the famous American film﹣maker，was often thinking of new ideas.One day，when he was in a meeting，he suddenly stopped talking，deep in thought.He looked and looked at a place high up in the room.This continued for a long time，and then he got an idea for a new cartoon.
⑤Ideas come at any time，and the important thing is to think.When you meet with any difficulty，don't lose heart.Try to think of it before asking someone to help you.Think and by thinking you will learn how to think creatively.
（1）Isaac Newton wanted to find out 　 　.
A.who made the apple fall
B.where the apple fell
C.when the apple hit him
D.why the apple fell
（2）Walt Disney was 　 　 when he got an idea for a new cartoon.
A.telling a story
B.having a meeting
C.making a film
D.sitting in a garden
（3）Which word can best describe the three people according to the passage？ 　 　
A.Lucky.
B.Funny.
C.Helpful.
D.Creative.
（4）What is the structure（结构） of the passage？ 　 　
（①＝Paragraph 1，②＝Paragraph 2，…）
A.
B.
C.
D.
（5）From the passage we can learn that 　 　.
A.it is easy to see and hear our thoughts
B.every one of us likes thinking
C.we should always ask others for help
D.thinking helps to get new ideas
5．（2023 上杭县一模）One day a man found a cocoon（茧） of a butterfly in the forest.He sat there for several hours and watched the butterfly.Suddenly a small opening appeared，and the butterfly made its great effort to force its body through that little hole.Then it seemed to stop making any progress.It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go no further.
So the man decided to help the butterfly.He cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon so that the butterfly could come out easily.But to his surprise，the butterfly got a heavy body and very small wings when it came out of the cocoon.
The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that the body would grow smaller at any moment and the wings would become larger and be able to fly.But neither happened!In fact，the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling（爬行） around with a heavy body and small wings.It was never able to fly.
The man was in his kindness，but he did not understand the nature rules.Before the butterfly came out of the cocoon，fluid（液体） from its body must be forced into its wings，and then it would be ready for flying.It must have a hard struggle（拼搏） to get through the small opening to get its freedom from the cocoon.
Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life，if God allowed us to go through our life without any difficulties，it would make us fail.We would not be as strong as we could have been；we could never fly.
（1）What was the butterfly doing at the beginning of the story？ 　 　
A．It was trying to make a cocoon for itself.
B．It was struggling to get out of its cocoon.
C．It was flying among the trees in the forest.
D．It was crawling around quietly on the ground.
（2）The man cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon 　 　 .
A．to take the butterfly home
B．to help the butterfly come out easily
C．to kill the butterfly
D．to stop the butterfly from growing bigger
（3）What do you think of the man？ 　 　
A．patient but cruel.
B．careful and wise.
C．kind but unwise.
D．brave and funny.
（4）What does the last paragraph tell us？ 　 　
A．Struggles are sometimes necessary in our life.
B．Nothing is difficult if we put our heart into it.
C．Every good deed will come back with a good result.
D．The greatest happiness in the world is to help others.
（5）What is the best title for the story？ 　 　
A．The Love for the Cocoon.
B．The Joy of Helping Each Other.
C．The Lesson of the Cocoon.
D．The Expectation for the Butterfly.
6．（2023 泰兴市模拟）It was one o'clock in the morning when I at last succeeded in creating life．
As I looked at the lifeless human being，I saw one eye slowly open．Then he began to breathe and move his arms．At first，I thought he would be a fine﹣looking man．He had yellow skin，black hair and very white teeth．Unluckily，his eyes were watery，and his lips were thin and colorless．I soon realized that there was nothing beautiful about him．I ran out of the room，disgusted （恶心） by the creature I had created．I tried to sleep，but for hours I could not．Then，when I did get to sleep，I had bad dreams．When I awoke the next morning，I did not want to return to my laboratory and the monster I had created．I went for a long walk until I came to an inn．There，to my pleasure and surprise，I found my friend，Henry Clerval． "Tell me about my family，" I asked him． "And Elizabeth，How is she？"
"They are all well，Frankenstein，" he said． "But you do not look well，my friend．Your eyes look as if you have not slept for many weeks．"
I knew this was true． "I have been so busy，" I explained， "that I have been working without rest．" Henry walked back with me to my department．I did not want him to，but I could not stop him．I was afraid that the creature i had left there might be alive and walking about．When we reached my apartment，I asked Henry to wait outside for a few minutes．I did not explain why．I slowly opened the door and entered the room．To my surprise，it was empty．The creature had gone．I was so overcome by the feeling that I fainted．I was ill for many months．
During my illness，Henry was my only nurse．He heard me talking in my sleep about a monster．At first，he thought i was just having a bad dream，but then he realized that something very bad happened in my life．At last，I began to get better．
（1）What is this passage probably taken from？ 　 　
A．A news report．
B．A science fiction．
C．A travel guide．
D．a history book．
（2）What's the main idea of the first paragraph？ 　 　
A．The birth of the creature．
B．The personalities of the creature．
C．The happy feeling of creating life．
D．The spirit of the creature．
（3）What does the underlined word "fainted" in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ 　 　
A．broke down
B．cheered
C．lost senses
D．went wrong
7．（2023 海陵区二模）I had a very special teacher in high school many years ago whose husband unexpectedly died of a heart attack．About a week after his death，she shared some of her thoughts with a classroom of students．
As the late afternoon sunlight came in through the classroom windows and the class was nearly over，she moved a few things aside on her desk and sat down there．With a gentle look of reflection（沉思）on her face，she said， "Before class is over，I would like to share with all of you a thought that has nothing to do with our class today，but I think it is very important．Each of us is put here on earth to learn，share，love and enjoy．None of us knows when this fantastic experience will end．It can be taken away at any moment．"
Her eyes beginning to water，she went on："So I would like you all to make me a promise．From now on，on your way to school，or on your way home，find something beautiful to notice．It doesn't have to be something you see，it could be a scent﹣﹣perhaps of newly baked（烤） bread coming out of someone's kitchen，or it could be the sound of the soft wind slightly touching the leaves in the trees…"
The class was completely quiet．We all picked up our books and went out of the room one by one silently．That afternoon，I noticed more things on my way home from school than I had in a whole term…．
Take notice of something special on your lunch hour today．Go barefoot（赤脚） or walk on the beach at sunset．For as we get older，it is not the things we did that we often regret，but the things we didn't do．
（1）The teacher shared some of her thoughts with a classroom of students 　 　．
A．in the early afternoon
B．at the beginning of the class
C．near the end of the class
D．a week before her husband's death
（2）In this class，the teacher asked the students to 　 　．
A．go barefoot or walk on the beach at sunset
B．pick up our books and go out of the room
C．take notice of something special on their lunch hour
D．notice something beautiful on their way home or to school
（3）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 "scent" mean in Chinese？ 　 　
A．场景
B．声响
C．香味
D．油烟
（4）The students went out of the room silently because 　 　．
A．they were thinking about their own life
B．they were greatly impressed by the teacher's words
C．they felt sorry for the death of the teacher's husband
D．they were not allowed to make any noise at that time
（5）What is the purpose of the writer in writing the passage？ 　 　
A．To show the respect for the teacher．
B．To show the teacher's new way of teaching．
C．To tell us to enjoy every moment of our life．
D．To tell us never to give up when facing difficulty．
8．（2023 岳阳三模）A river was running happily in the hill，the valley（山谷） and the field.Soon it was stopped by a huge rock and the river was a little afraid and worried what it could do.
The rock said， "Hi，baby!Where are you going？"
The river answered， "I'm going to the sea.My mother is waiting for me."
The rock made fun of the river and said， "You're too young.Go back to the hill at once.You can't get there.Don't come back here again!"
The river was surprised to hear that and said， "I can only go forwards（ 向前）.There's no river that goes backwards（向后）!"
The rock became angry and warmed the river， "Don't speak!If you don't go back，you will have to change your direction.Don't want to run over my body!"
The river asked helplessly， "Where should I go？"
"You can go anywhere you like.Just don't come close to me!"
While they were talking，more and more water came here.Then it began to get out of control.The river ran quickly over the rock and the rock was washed pitifully.
The river said proudly， "A weak person will change his goal and direction.A person who is strong will only go ahead and nothing can stop him!"
（1）The final goal of the river was to go to the sea. 　 　
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
（2）The rock wanted the river to come close to him. 　 　
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
（3）The river ran over the rock quickly. 　 　
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
（4）After meeting the rock，the river became worried at last instead of being afraid. 　 　
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
（5）The passage tells us that we should become strong and go ahead when facing difficulties. 　 　
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
9．（2023 槐荫区模拟）Have you ever been sad because you failed in something？If so，please remember，for often，achieving what you expect not the most important thing.Here is a story to tell you why.
One day，a little boy，Paul decided to dig a hole behind his house after watching a science program.As Paul was working，a couple of boys stopped by to watch. "What are you doing？" asked one of the visitors. "I want to dig a deep hole all the way through the earth!" Paul answered excitedly.The other boys began to laugh，telling him that it was impossible to do it.Then they left.
But Paul kept on digging and digging.Suddenly，a few small colorful stones caught his eyes.He collected them and put them into a glass jar patiently.Humming a song，he went on digging.The jar was full soon.Then Paul talked to himself calmly and proudly "Maybe I can't finish digging all the way through the earth，but look at what I have in the process of digging!"
Maybe Paul's goal was too difficult，but it did cause him to go on.
Not every goal will be achieved.Not every job will end up with a success.Not every dream will come true.But when you can't achieve your goal，maybe you can say "Yes，but look at what I've found along the way!There are so many wonderful things that have come into my life because I tried to do something!" It is in the digging that life is lived. It is the unexpected joy on the journey that really has a meaning.
（1）What did Paul do after watching a program？ 　 　
A．He bought a glass jar.
B．He started to dig a hole.
C．He fixed up a fly﹣bike.
D．He played with visitors.
（2）What did the other boys think of Paul？ 　 　
A．Silly.
B．Strict.
C．Strong﹣minded.
D．Tall.
（3）When did Paul find the stones？ 　 　
A．Before he met the other boys.
B．After other boys laughed at him.
C．When he wanted to give up.
D．When he wanted to have a rest.
（4）According to the passage，what does the sentence "It is in the digging that life is lived." mean？ 　 　
A．Life is to make a big success.
B．Life is to find colorful stones.
C．Life is on the way to the goal.
D．Life is full of much difficulties.
（5）What can be a suitable title for the passage？ 　 　
A．Enjoying the process.
B．A journey through the earth.
C．How to achieve goals.
D．A clever boy digging a hole.
10．（2023 乾安县一模）I have always been big.I am comfortable with my body but there is a price to pay for being different.
In primary school，I was crazy about gymnastics（体操）and was actually the team leader in my final year，but I had to make up for my shortcomings.Long after the other girls had left，I would still be in the school hall，trying my best to practice again and again without the coach around.It took months to master the ribbon（带子） and in the early days，I always got my ribbon in a terrible knot（结）.However，I carried on and improved a lot.
Whenever I went up in a competition，I always got the sense that the crowd did not expect much from an overweight child in front of them.They talked about my weight in low voices.One man even said， "That's the ugliest leotard（紧身衣）I've ever seen and the elephant inside it seems to be much better!" Hearing their words，you could understand my feelings.However，I just kept silent because I decided to let my ribbon do the talking.I worked harder on my ribbon and it showed.
I was the winner in National Championship that year，but that was not the best thing I got from hours of tiring practice.The best thing was that my body cannot decide who I am and should never limit what I can do.Society seems to believe that overweight people are unhappy with their weight and have low self﹣confidence，so they never count much.I do not believe that.I believe I can achieve anything because I am bigger than my body.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
（1）How did the writer react （回应） to the man's words on her clothing？ 　 　
A．She talked back angrily.
B．She changed her clothing.
C．She reacted to it with her performance.
D．She did nothing but cried.
（2）What does the underlined word "limit" in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ 　 　
A．stop
B．punish
C．help
D．require
（3）Which words might be the best ones to describe the writer？ 　 　
A．Crazy but shy.
B．Unhappy and polite.
C．Ugly and big.
D．Hardworking and confident.
（4）Which is the right order of the following things？ 　 　
①The crowd talked about the writer's weight.
②The writer was the winner in National Championship.
③The writer was crazy about gymnastics and practiced a lot.
④The writer knew that she could achieve anything because of hard work.
A． ①②④③
B． ③①②④
C． ②①③④
D． ③②①④
（5）What is the writer's main opinion in this article？ 　 　
A．Failure is the mother of success.
B．Silence is gold.
C．Be the best of whatever you are.
D．A good beginning is half done.
11．（2023 尉氏县二模）Nobody wants to lose，but we must accept that losing is a part of life.After all，we can't win all the time.However，we can learn something useful from every failure （失败）.This may help us succeed in the future.So we must know how to be a good loser.
We must not be afraid of losing.When we lose，just take it with a smile and look on the bright side of it.Failure can't be avoided in our life.Edison failed 10，000 times before he invented the light bulb （灯泡）.When he was asked how he felt，he said that he hadn't failed 10，000 times but had learned 10，000 things which didn't work.We must know that history is full of examples of men and women who achieved success although they failed many times.
Losing is not very bad.We must accept our failure and learn to take advantage of it.Remember that it can be helpful.Take action to walk out of it.When we lose，think about what we did and how we can improve.This can save us a lot of time in learning how to avoid the same mistakes in the future.We should face our failure when we lose.There is only one winner in every competition.Some win，while some lose.That is a usual way of life.If we offer our congratulations to the winners and share their happiness，we won't feel sorry for our failure.
In a word，being a good loser will help us，to succeed in life.It might be painful at the beginning，but there are many advantages.Good losers set examples to us，and I most importantly，they finally win.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
（1）What can we learn from every failure according to the text？ 　 　
A．A way of life.
B．A valuable thing.
C．A scientific rule.
D．A secret of studying.
（2）In the writer's eyes，why did Edison achieve success？ 　 　
A．He got help from others.
B．He happened to make it.
C．He avoided possible mistakes.
D．He saw the bright side of losing.
（3）Which of following sentences is not about an opinion？ 　 　
A．Losing is not very bad.
B．We must not be afraid of losing.
C．Being a good loser will help us to succeed in life.
D．Edison failed 10，000 times before he invented the light bulb.
（4）What does the writer advise the losers to do in a competition？ 　 　
A．Express the regrets.
B．Forget the failure.
C．Share the winners' enjoyment.
D．Join in another competition.
（5）What is the best title for the text？ 　 　
A．Ideas About How to Avoid Mistakes
B．Experience in Dealing with Problems
C．Advice on How to Be a Good Loser
D．Advantages of both Success and Failure
12．（2023 芜湖一模）It's not easy growing up．Growing up can be a real"pain"for some of us．We are always doing things that someone else makes us do and aren't allowed to do all the things we like．Sometimes we feel sad，sometimes we are fearful，and sometimes we just don't understand why we can't stay young forever．But we should take a look back on all the hardships（苦难）in life with a positive attitude and learn from them．We should realize that all of our growing pains actually turn into growing gains!
Throughout our lives we are going to face many challenges and pains，but we should never let these obstacles keep us from following our dreams．We must overcome every obstacle one small step at a time．
As a young girl，my parents forced me to do so many things that I didn't like．They made me learn to play the violin and then the piano．At that time I hated music and I also hated them．But looking back now，I am so glad that my parents encouraged me to take music lessons．Music has enriched（丰富）my life in so many ways．I now realize that my parents and teachers wanted me to have a better life than they did themselves．
We are all going to experience growing pains，but they are just part of our life．Think about how we would feel if we had no challenges and lived a life like that．Life would be really boring and meaningless．The future is ours!A little hard work and sweat（汗水）never hurt anyone!If we realize that these pains are just small﹣bumps（碰撞）on our road to success，we will realize that our growing pains are actually growing gains!
（1）What would be the best title for this passage？　 　
A．No Pains，No Gains
B．Growing Pains and Gains
C．Growing up is a Pain
D．Growing up is Easy
（2）The underlined word"obstacles"（in Paragraph 2）refers to things that　 　．
A．make it easy for you to do something
B．make it difficult for you to do something
C．make you happy
D．make you full of energy
（3）What does the writer now think about what her parents did for her in the past？　 　
A．She is angry with them．
B．She is unhappy with them．
C．She thanks Them very much．
D．She can't believe them．
（4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？　 　
A．Growing pains are part of our life．
B．Our growing pains will finally tum into growing gains．
C．We should stop when facing many challenges．
D．Life without challenges is boring and meaningless．
13．（2022 河北）Nobody wants to lose，but we must accept that losing is a part of life.After all，we can't win all the time.However，we can learn something valuable from every failure （失败）.This may help us succeed in the future.So we must know how to be a good loser.
We must not be afraid of losing.When we lose，just take it with a smile and look on the bright side of it.Failure can't be avoided in our life.Edison failed 10，000 times before he invented the light bulb （灯泡）.When he was asked how he felt，he said that he hadn't failed 10，000 times but had learned 10，000 things which didn't work.We must know that history is full of examples of men and women who achieved success although they failed many times.
Losing is not very disgraceful.We must accept our failure and learn to take advantage of it.Remember that it can be helpful.Take action to walk out of it.When we lose，think about what we did and how we can improve.If someone else can help，we'll be lucky enough.Maybe he or she has been through the same experience before.Many people enjoy helping others solve problems.
This can save us a lot of time in learning how to avoid the same mistakes in the future.We should face our failure when we lose.There is only one winner in every competition.Some win，while some lose.That is a usual way of life.If we offer our congratulations （祝贺） to the winners and share in their happiness，we won't feel sorry for our failure.
In a word，being a good loser will help us to succeed in life.It might be painful at the beginning，but there are many advantages.Good losers set examples to us，and most importantly，they finally win.
（1）What can we learn from every failure according to the text？ 　 　
A．A way of life.
B．A valuable thing.
C．A general rule.
D．A secret of success.
（2）In the writer's eyes，why did Edison achieve success？ 　 　
A．He got help from others.
B．He happened to make it.
C．He avoided possible mistakes.
D．He saw the bright side of losing.
（3）What does the underlined word "disgraceful" probably mean？ 　 　
A．Bad.
B．Personal.
C．Dangerous.
D．Interesting.
（4）What does the writer advise the losers to do in a competition？ 　 　
A．Express the regrets.
B．Forget the failure.
C．Share in the winners' enjoyment.
D．Join in another competition.
（5）What is the best title for the text？ 　 　
A．Ideas about How to Avoid Mistakes
B．Experience in Dealing with Problems
C．Advice on How to Be a Good Loser
D．Advantages of both Success and Failure
14．（2022 湖州）①There are lots of things that cause stress （压力） in our lives，such as school problems，arguments with friends and sometimes bad feelings about ourselves.We all experience stress at times，but it's important to manage it properly and reduce（减少） its influence.Here are some helpful tips for dealing with stress.
②Sometimes we feel stressed without understanding the reason.So whenever you're stressed，you should stop and think.What is really happening？How can you improve the situation？Try keeping a diary about your problems and the possible causes.
③Do you always wait until Sunday evening to do homework？This bad habit can cause "last﹣minute" stress，as well as poor grades.To avoid that，time management is greatly needed.Plan your studies and other activities with a calendar.You can also divide big projects into smaller tasks.In this way，you'll always know how much time you really have.
④Besides，healthy habits are very important for reducing stress.Be sure to eat healthy meals and get at least eight hours of sleep.Avoid checking your mobile phone or using the computer before bedtime.It will keep you awake!
⑤When you're feeling stressed，it's helpful to speak to someone who understands your situation，such as your friends and families.Sometimes it's enough to talk about your problems and share your feelings.Other times，however，you might need advice or suggestions.Don't keep your worries to yourself.
⑥Finally，relaxation is important.Find some free time for activities that you enjoy，such as sports，hobbies and meeting with friends.For example，seeing a film or hanging out after 5 days' study could be a good choice.If you find some time to relax and enjoy yourself，you'll feel refreshed，have more energy，and reduce your level of stress.
（1）What advice does the writer give to reduce stress in Paragraph 3？ 　 　
A．Stop and think.
B．Manage your time.
C．Watch your health.
D．Reach out for help.
（2）How does the writer develop Paragraph 6？ 　 　
A．By telling stories.
B．By listing numbers.
C．By asking questions.
D．By giving examples.
（3）Which of the following is the structure of the passage？ 　 　
A．
B．
C．
D．
15．（2022 福建）Success is often considered to be the opposite of failure.To teenagers，it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need，such as good grades and the ability to get along well with their classmates.Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured （判定） the success of their children according to grades，but now they pay special attention to moral （道德的） education and character﹣building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.
Schools give chances to students to discover their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some form of success.For example，those good at speaking skills are advised to take part in speech competitions while those interested in arts are expected to perform in front of their classmates.Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs.
Teenagers are often told that success is not easy to achieve and that success lies in hard work.Great efforts have to be put into project work.Doing things much later than planned should be avoided as this will lead to a mountain of work which finally makes them nervous.Another good quality （品质） is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed.
Sticking to moral values is the key to success too.Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends leading to good relationships.Self﹣motivation （自我激励） is another quality to be developed，for self﹣motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement.
（1）What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 1 refer to （指代）？ 　 　
A．Their classmates.
B．Some schools.
C．Most parents.
D．Their children.
（2）Why are students given chances to take part in activities？ 　 　
A．To get good grades.
B．To improve speaking ability.
C．To express their love for arts.
D．To get the pleasure of success.
（3）What can we learn from Paragraph 3？ 　 　
A．Project work makes teenagers nervous.
B．Good qualities will lead to a happy life.
C．Teenagers are advised to complete tasks in time.
D．Taking responsibility will make work much easier.
（4）What is important for making students strong﹣minded？ 　 　
A．Honesty.
B．Self﹣motivation.
C．Communication.
D．Friends' trust.
（5）What can be the best title for the text？ 　 　
A．The Value of Moral Education
B．The Key to Discovering Hidden Ability
C．The Meaning of Success to Teenagers
D．The Way to Communicate with Others
2025年中考英语复习阅读理解题专项集训之方法与哲理
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．（2024 济南模拟）The following are some tips for becoming a successful businessman by Michael Bloomberg．They are based on his experience of building a company from the ground up，leading New York City as mayor（市长），and so on．
Take Risks
Life is too short to spend your time avoiding failure．
In 1981，at the age of 39，I lost my job．The next day I took a big risk and began my own company．In 2001，when I was debating whether to run for mayor，most people advised me not to do it．But one person said，"If you can imagine yourself giving a concession（败选）speech，then why not go for it？"That was the best advice I received，and I followed it．
In order to succeed，you must first be willing to fail﹣and you must have the courage to go for it anyway．
Make your own luck
Luck plays a part in success．The harder you work，the luckier you get．
Whatever you choose to do，even if it's not the job of your dreams，always work hard at it．Be the first person at work in the morning and the last to leave at night．Hard work creates chances．
Never stop learning
The most powerful word in English language is"why"．There is nothing so powerful
as an open，inquiring mind（探究精神）．Whatever field you choose for starting a business﹣be a lifelong student．
Give back
You are responsible for your success and failure，but you only succeed if you share the reward with others．
My first donation was a 5 check to my alma mater （母校）．And while the checks（支票）may be bigger today，they come with the same spirit．
You don't have to be wealthy to give back．You can give back by giving your time and talents．
（1）In this passage，Michael Bloomberg is the name of a 　D　．
A．newspaper
B．place
C．company
D．person
（2）What did the writer do at the age of 59？ 　B　
A．Lost his job．
B．Ran for mayor．
C．Built a company．
D．Became a teacher．
（3）From the passage，we can infer that the writer． 　D　
A．is a young mayor
B．seldom cares about others
C．is lucky all the time
D．is a hard﹣working man
（4）Which of the following isn't mentioned in the tips？ 　C　
A．Failure is the mother of success．
B．It's never too old to learn．
C．Money is everything．
D．Luck comes from hard work．
（5）In which of the following columns（栏目）can you find the article？ 　C　
A．Family Life
B．Interesting Stories
C．Experience Sharing
D．Adventures．
【考点】方法与哲理；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】全文大意：
这是迈克尔 布隆伯格对如何成为一个成功的企业家给出的建议．这些建议基于他从零建立一个企业，作为市长领导纽约市等方面的经验．
承担冒险
生命太短了，以至没时间回避风险．1981年我39岁时失去了工作．第二天我承担了巨大的风险创办了自己的公司．在2001年当我思量是否竞选市长时，大部分人建议我不要竞选．但是一个人说"如果你能想象自己做一个落选演讲，那为什么不去竞选？"那是我收到的最好的建议，然后就去做了．为了成功，你必须甘愿失败，无论如何你必须有勇气去争取．
创造自己的幸运
幸运是成功的一部分．你工作越努力，你就越幸运．不论你选择做什么，即使不是你梦想的工作，永远努力去做．成为早上第一个开始工作的人，晚上最后一个离开的人．努力工作创造机会．
永不停止学习
英语中最有力的单词是"为什么"．没有什么比开放的、求知若渴的思维更有力．不论你选择在哪个领域开创你的事业﹣﹣﹣﹣成为一名终身的学习者
回馈
你是对你的成功和失败负责的人，但你只有和他人分享报酬才能成功．我的第一笔慈善捐款是捐给我的母校一张5美元的支票．在支票金额也许会更大的今天，它们具有一样的精神．你不需要很富有才能给予．你可以用你的时间和天赋来回馈．
【解答】
（1）D 推理判断题 根据第一段The following are some tips for becoming a successful businessman by Michael Bloomberg．They are based on his experience of building a company from the ground up，leading New York City as mayor（市长），and so on"这是迈克尔 布隆伯格对如何成为一个成功的企业家给出如下建议．这些建议基于他从零建立一个企业，作为市长领导纽约市等方面的经验"可知迈克尔 布隆伯格曾建立过企业，当过市长故推知迈克尔 布隆伯格是个人的名字，故选D
（2）B 推理判断题 根据第四段In 1981，at the age of 39．可知1981年作者39岁，故推知作者2001年59岁，再结合该段中In 2001，when I was debating whether to run for mayor most people advised me not to do it．"在2001年当我思量是否竞选市长时，大部分人建议我不要．"可知在2001年作者竞选市长故选B
（3）D 推理判断题 根据第七段作者给出的建议 Be the first person at work in the morning and the last to leave at night．Hard work creates chances．"成为早上第一个开始工作的人，晚上最后一个离开的人．努力工作创造机会．"可推知作者也一定是一位工作努力的人．故选D
（4）C 推理判断题 根据第四段In order to succeed，you must first be willing to fail﹣and you must have the courage to go for it anyway"为了成功，你必须甘愿失败，无论如何你必须有勇气去争取．"可知作者提到失败是成功之母故排除A；根据Whatever field you choose for starting a business﹣be a lifelong student．"不论你选择在哪个领域开创你的事业﹣﹣﹣﹣成为一名终身的学习者"可知作者提到活到老学到老，故排除B；根据The harder you work，the luckier you get．"你工作越努力，你就越幸运"可知作者提到运气来自于努力的工作，故排除D，根据最后一段You don't have to be wealthy to give back.You can give back by giving your time and talents．"你不需要很富有才能给予．你可以用你的时间和天赋来回馈．"可知作者认为金钱并不是一切．结合C项的意思"金钱是一切"与原文不符，故判断作者在文中没有提到，故选C
（5）C 推理判断题 根据第一段The following are some tips for becoming a successful businessman by Michael Bloomberg．They are based on his experience of building a company from the ground up，leading New York City as mayor（市长），and so on．"这是迈克尔 布隆伯格对如何成为一个成功的企业家给出如下建议．这些建议基于他从零建立一个企业，作为市长领导纽约市等方面的经验．"可知迈克尔 布隆伯格给出建议都来自他建立企业，作为市长积累的经验，故推知可以在经验交流、分享栏目看到这篇文章，结合选项即Experience Sharing，故选C
【点评】在做阅读理解时首先快速阅读短文，通读测试题，明确考查点；认真逐题作答；复查校对答案．做完所有题目后，再读一遍短文，逐一检查所有答案是否有误．如果有拿不定主意的答案，不要随意更改．一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正．
2．（2024 江阴市校级模拟）
One monk shoulders two buckets of water.1 Two monks share the load.2 None of the three monks wants to carry water.3
One night，a sudden big fire broke out.4 They work together to put out the fire.5
（1）The pictures above are 　B　.
A．a news report
B．a comic strip
C．a poster
D．a notice
（2）In pictures 3，the monks most probably talk about 　A　.
A．who to carry water
B．how to put out the fire
C．who to harvest crops
D．how to climb up the hill
（3）What can we learn from the pictures？ 　D　
A．It never rains but it pours.
B．Out of sight，out of mind.
C．All for one and one for all.
D．Many hands make light work.
【考点】方法与哲理；应用文．
【答案】BAD
【分析】本文主要讲述了三个和尚挑水喝的故事。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据图片内容可知，讲述了三个和尚挑水喝的故事，因此是漫画书。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据图片3 None of the three monks wants to carry water.（三个和尚都不想挑水。）可知，三人在讨论谁去挑水。故选A。
（3）主旨大意题。根据图片5 They work together to put out the fire.（他们齐心协力灭了火。）可知，最后三人齐心协力扑灭了大火，说明了团队合作的重要性，即说明了"众人拾柴火焰高"的道理。故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
3．（2024 广水市模拟）A number of years ago，a man went to visit a circus（马戏团） in New York.He was able to walk around looking at the lions，monkeys，bears and other circus animals.As he was passing the elephants，he suddenly stopped.He found that these huge elephants were being held by only a small rope tied to their front leg.NO chains，no cages.It was clear that the elephants could，at any time，break away from their ropes but for some reason，they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and didn't try to get away. "Well，" the trainer said， "when they are very young and much smaller，we use the same size rope to tie them and，at that age，it's enough to hold them.As they grow up，they still believe they cannot break away.They believe the rope can hold them，so they never try to break free."
"How could it be？" said the man.These animals could at any time break free from ropes.But because they were always stuck right where they were，they believed they couldn't.
Just like the poor elephants，how many of us go through life believing that we cannot do something，just because we failed at it once before？
Failing is part of learning.
（1）Where were the animals kept？ 　A　
A．In the circus.
B．In the zoo.
C．In the forest.
D．In the park.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "break away" mean？ 　C　
A．击败.
B．打破.
C．挣脱.
D．折断.
（3）How were the elephants held？ 　D　
A．By a strong rope.
B．In cages.
C．With chains.
D．By a small rope.
（4）Which of the following is NOT true？ 　D　
A．The elephants were held in this way when they were young.
B．There were many kinds of animals in the circus.
C．The animals were trained to perform.
D．The elephants often escaped.
（5）What can we learn from the passage？ 　C　
A．Well begun is half done.
B．The early bird catches the worm.
C．We should never give up.
D．One tree can't make a forest.
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；推理判断；词句猜测．
【答案】ACDDC
【分析】文章讲了在马戏团看动物时，发现这些巨大的大象被一根绑在前腿上的小绳子拴住了，大象从不想着逃跑，原因是从小时候就这样拴着，大象以为永远也挣脱不开绳子，放弃了逃跑的想法，告诉人们即使失败过一次，也不要放弃。
【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据A number of years ago，a man went to visit a circus（马戏团） in New York.He was able to walk around looking at the lions，monkeys，bears and other circus animals.许多年前，一个人去参观纽约的一个马戏团。他可以四处走动，观察狮子、猴子、熊和其他马戏团动物。可知，动物们被关在马戏团里。故选A。
（2）C.词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句句意"很明显，大象在任何时候都能......绳子，但出于某种原因，它们没有。结合选项可以推断出"break away"在这里是"挣脱"的意思。故选C。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据"Well，" the trainer said， "when they are very young and much smaller，we use the same size rope to tie them and，at that age，it's enough to hold them."嗯，"训练员说，"当它们还很小的时候，我们用同样大小的绳子绑住它们，在那个年龄，这足够拴住它们。可知，他们用一根小绳子来拴住大象。故选D。
（4）D.细节理解题。根据They believe the rope can hold them，so they never try to break free.它们相信那根绳子可以拴住他们，所以他们从不试图挣脱。可知，大象相信这条绳子能拴住自己，所以它们从不试图挣脱。所以D选项中的"大象经常从马戏团跑开"说法是错误。故选D。
（5）C.推理判断题。根据Just like the poor elephants，how many of us go through life believing that we cannot do something，just because we failed at it once before？就像可怜的大象一样，我们中有多少人一生都认为自己做不到某件事，仅仅因为我们曾经失败过一次？可以推断出，作者通过讲述大象的故事来告诉我们不要因为曾经失败过就要放弃。故选C。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
4．（2023 巴中） ①"I will think of it."It is easy to say this，but do you know what great things have come from thinking？Though we can not see，or hear，or feel our thoughts，they are powerful.
②Isaac Newton was seated in his garden on a summer evening when he saw an apple fall from a tree.He began to think，and tried to find out why the apple fell.Then he discovered how the earth，sun，moon，and stars are kept in their places.
③James Ferguson once saw the inside of his father's watch，and he wondered，"Why should I not make a watch？"This set him thinking and it led to a wooden clock which kept good time.
④Walt Disney，the famous American film﹣maker，was often thinking of new ideas.One day，when he was in a meeting，he suddenly stopped talking，deep in thought.He looked and looked at a place high up in the room.This continued for a long time，and then he got an idea for a new cartoon.
⑤Ideas come at any time，and the important thing is to think.When you meet with any difficulty，don't lose heart.Try to think of it before asking someone to help you.Think and by thinking you will learn how to think creatively.
（1）Isaac Newton wanted to find out 　D　.
A.who made the apple fall
B.where the apple fell
C.when the apple hit him
D.why the apple fell
（2）Walt Disney was 　B　 when he got an idea for a new cartoon.
A.telling a story
B.having a meeting
C.making a film
D.sitting in a garden
（3）Which word can best describe the three people according to the passage？ 　D　
A.Lucky.
B.Funny.
C.Helpful.
D.Creative.
（4）What is the structure（结构） of the passage？ 　A　
（①＝Paragraph 1，②＝Paragraph 2，…）
A.
B.
C.
D.
（5）From the passage we can learn that 　D　.
A.it is easy to see and hear our thoughts
B.every one of us likes thinking
C.we should always ask others for help
D.thinking helps to get new ideas
【考点】方法与哲理．
【答案】BBDAD
【分析】本文主要通过三个例子来给我们讲述了思考的重要作用。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第2段"He began to think，and tried to find out why the apple fell."（他开始思考，试图找出苹果掉下来的原因。）可知，他试图找出苹果掉落的原因。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据4段"One day，when he was in a meeting，he suddenly stopped talking，deep in thought.He looked and looked at a place high up in the room.This continued for a long time，and then he got an idea for a new cartoon."（有一天，他正在开会，突然停止了说话，陷入沉思。他看了又看房间高处的一个地方。这种情况持续了很长一段时间，然后他想出了一个新漫画的主意。）可知他萌生制作一部新漫画的想法时，他在开会。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第5段"Think and by thinking you will learn how to think creatively."（思考，通过思考，你将学会如何创造性地思考。）以及这三个人的故事可知，他们都善于思考，都很有创造力。故选D。
（4）篇章结构题。第一段提出问题；第二三四段主要是举例来说明思考带来的收获；第五段总结思考的重要性，故选A。
（5）细节理解题。根据第5段"Ideas come at any time，and the important thing is to think."（想法随时都有，重要的是要思考。）可知思考可以帮助人们获得新想法。故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
5．（2023 上杭县一模）One day a man found a cocoon（茧） of a butterfly in the forest.He sat there for several hours and watched the butterfly.Suddenly a small opening appeared，and the butterfly made its great effort to force its body through that little hole.Then it seemed to stop making any progress.It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go no further.
So the man decided to help the butterfly.He cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon so that the butterfly could come out easily.But to his surprise，the butterfly got a heavy body and very small wings when it came out of the cocoon.
The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that the body would grow smaller at any moment and the wings would become larger and be able to fly.But neither happened!In fact，the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling（爬行） around with a heavy body and small wings.It was never able to fly.
The man was in his kindness，but he did not understand the nature rules.Before the butterfly came out of the cocoon，fluid（液体） from its body must be forced into its wings，and then it would be ready for flying.It must have a hard struggle（拼搏） to get through the small opening to get its freedom from the cocoon.
Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life，if God allowed us to go through our life without any difficulties，it would make us fail.We would not be as strong as we could have been；we could never fly.
（1）What was the butterfly doing at the beginning of the story？ 　B　
A．It was trying to make a cocoon for itself.
B．It was struggling to get out of its cocoon.
C．It was flying among the trees in the forest.
D．It was crawling around quietly on the ground.
（2）The man cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon 　B　 .
A．to take the butterfly home
B．to help the butterfly come out easily
C．to kill the butterfly
D．to stop the butterfly from growing bigger
（3）What do you think of the man？ 　C　
A．patient but cruel.
B．careful and wise.
C．kind but unwise.
D．brave and funny.
（4）What does the last paragraph tell us？ 　A　
A．Struggles are sometimes necessary in our life.
B．Nothing is difficult if we put our heart into it.
C．Every good deed will come back with a good result.
D．The greatest happiness in the world is to help others.
（5）What is the best title for the story？ 　C　
A．The Love for the Cocoon.
B．The Joy of Helping Each Other.
C．The Lesson of the Cocoon.
D．The Expectation for the Butterfly.
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解．
【答案】BBCAC
【分析】这篇文章主要介绍了一天一个人在森林里发现了一只正在破茧的蝴蝶，他坐在那里好几个小时看着蝴蝶。突然出现了一个小裂口，这只蝴蝶正努力强迫自己的身体通过茧孔。他切断了其余的茧使蝴蝶能轻易出来。结果最终却害了这只蝴蝶，那个人虽然仁慈，但是他不懂自然法则。从而昭示了一个深刻的人生哲理﹣﹣有时候在我们的生活中努力奋斗正是我们所需要的。
【解答】（1）B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一行句子Suddenly a small opening appeared，and the butterfly made its great effort to force its body through that little hole.突然出现了一个小裂口，这只蝴蝶正努力强迫自己的身体通过茧孔。可知这只蝴蝶正努力从它的茧里面出来。故选B。
（2）B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一行句子He cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon so that the butterfly could come out easily.他切断了其余的茧使蝴蝶能轻易出来。可知这个人切断了其余的茧是为了帮助蝴蝶容易出来。故选B。
（3）C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一行句子The man was in his kindness，but he did not understand the nature rules.那个人虽然仁慈，但是他不懂自然法则。及上下文描述，可知这个人仁慈但不明智。故选C。
（4）A 细节归纳题。根据最后一段Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life.有时奋斗恰好是我们生活中所需要的。故选A。
（5）C 主题归纳题。这篇短文中的好心人帮助一只正在破茧的蝴蝶，结果最终却害了这只蝴蝶，从而昭示了一个深刻的人生哲理有时候在我们的生活中努力奋斗正是我们所需要的，那就是茧的教训。故选C。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
6．（2023 泰兴市模拟）It was one o'clock in the morning when I at last succeeded in creating life．
As I looked at the lifeless human being，I saw one eye slowly open．Then he began to breathe and move his arms．At first，I thought he would be a fine﹣looking man．He had yellow skin，black hair and very white teeth．Unluckily，his eyes were watery，and his lips were thin and colorless．I soon realized that there was nothing beautiful about him．I ran out of the room，disgusted （恶心） by the creature I had created．I tried to sleep，but for hours I could not．Then，when I did get to sleep，I had bad dreams．When I awoke the next morning，I did not want to return to my laboratory and the monster I had created．I went for a long walk until I came to an inn．There，to my pleasure and surprise，I found my friend，Henry Clerval． "Tell me about my family，" I asked him． "And Elizabeth，How is she？"
"They are all well，Frankenstein，" he said． "But you do not look well，my friend．Your eyes look as if you have not slept for many weeks．"
I knew this was true． "I have been so busy，" I explained， "that I have been working without rest．" Henry walked back with me to my department．I did not want him to，but I could not stop him．I was afraid that the creature i had left there might be alive and walking about．When we reached my apartment，I asked Henry to wait outside for a few minutes．I did not explain why．I slowly opened the door and entered the room．To my surprise，it was empty．The creature had gone．I was so overcome by the feeling that I fainted．I was ill for many months．
During my illness，Henry was my only nurse．He heard me talking in my sleep about a monster．At first，he thought i was just having a bad dream，but then he realized that something very bad happened in my life．At last，I began to get better．
（1）What is this passage probably taken from？ 　B　
A．A news report．
B．A science fiction．
C．A travel guide．
D．a history book．
（2）What's the main idea of the first paragraph？ 　A　
A．The birth of the creature．
B．The personalities of the creature．
C．The happy feeling of creating life．
D．The spirit of the creature．
（3）What does the underlined word "fainted" in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ 　C　
A．broke down
B．cheered
C．lost senses
D．went wrong
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇科幻小说，说的是最终创造生物体的故事．故事介绍了作者创造生命的过程和中间发生的故事，以及结果等．
【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．题干句意：本文可能选自哪里？根据文中"It was one o'clock in the morning when I at last succeeded in creating life"和"I was afraid that the creature I had left there might be alive and walking about"可知，凌晨一点的时候，我最终成功地创造了生命．我害怕我原先留在那里的生命体会仍然或者，并到处乱走．故知本文可能是科幻小说，故选B．
（2）A．段落大意题．题干句意：第一段的大意是什么？根据文中"t was one o'clock in the morning when I at last succeeded in creating life"可知，凌晨一点的时候，我最终成功地创造了生命．故知本段说的是生物体的诞生．故选A．
（3）C．词义理解与猜测题．题干句意：第四段中的划线单词"fainted"可能是什么意思？根据文中"The creature had gone"和"I was so overcome by the feeling that I fainted"及"I was ill for many months"可知，生物体消失了．我被这种感觉所控制，于是晕倒了．我病了数月．故知"fainted"意思是"昏厥"，即失去知觉．故选C．
【点评】首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案．
7．（2023 海陵区二模）I had a very special teacher in high school many years ago whose husband unexpectedly died of a heart attack．About a week after his death，she shared some of her thoughts with a classroom of students．
As the late afternoon sunlight came in through the classroom windows and the class was nearly over，she moved a few things aside on her desk and sat down there．With a gentle look of reflection（沉思）on her face，she said， "Before class is over，I would like to share with all of you a thought that has nothing to do with our class today，but I think it is very important．Each of us is put here on earth to learn，share，love and enjoy．None of us knows when this fantastic experience will end．It can be taken away at any moment．"
Her eyes beginning to water，she went on："So I would like you all to make me a promise．From now on，on your way to school，or on your way home，find something beautiful to notice．It doesn't have to be something you see，it could be a scent﹣﹣perhaps of newly baked（烤） bread coming out of someone's kitchen，or it could be the sound of the soft wind slightly touching the leaves in the trees…"
The class was completely quiet．We all picked up our books and went out of the room one by one silently．That afternoon，I noticed more things on my way home from school than I had in a whole term…．
Take notice of something special on your lunch hour today．Go barefoot（赤脚） or walk on the beach at sunset．For as we get older，it is not the things we did that we often regret，but the things we didn't do．
（1）The teacher shared some of her thoughts with a classroom of students 　C　．
A．in the early afternoon
B．at the beginning of the class
C．near the end of the class
D．a week before her husband's death
（2）In this class，the teacher asked the students to 　D　．
A．go barefoot or walk on the beach at sunset
B．pick up our books and go out of the room
C．take notice of something special on their lunch hour
D．notice something beautiful on their way home or to school
（3）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 "scent" mean in Chinese？ 　C　
A．场景
B．声响
C．香味
D．油烟
（4）The students went out of the room silently because 　B　．
A．they were thinking about their own life
B．they were greatly impressed by the teacher's words
C．they felt sorry for the death of the teacher's husband
D．they were not allowed to make any noise at that time
（5）What is the purpose of the writer in writing the passage？ 　C　
A．To show the respect for the teacher．
B．To show the teacher's new way of teaching．
C．To tell us to enjoy every moment of our life．
D．To tell us never to give up when facing difficulty．
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解；词句猜测．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要讲述的是我们的老师在她的丈夫去世以后，建议我们要珍惜人生中一些很平常的小事情，因为这些小事情上往往会有很多值得我们怀念的事情．
【解答】（1）C 细节理解题，根据文中的第2段 As the late afternoon sunlight came in through the classroom windows and the class was nearly over傍晚时分，阳光透过教室的窗户照进来，课程快结束了，可知下课前，故答案是C．
（2）D 细节理解题，根据文中的第3段From now on，on your way to school，or on your way home，find something beautiful to notice可知 从现在开始，在上学的路上，或者在回家的路上，发现一些美丽的东西，故答案是D．
（3）C 词义猜测题，根据文中的后面perhaps of newly baked（烤） bread coming out of someone's kitchen也许是从别人的厨房里冒出来的新烤面包的..可知应该是香味，故答案是C．
（4）B 细节理解题，根据文中的第3段第3段From now on，on your way to school，or on your way home，find something beautiful to notice可从现在开始，在上学的路上，或者在回家的路上，发现一些美丽的东西，及第4段That afternoon，I noticed more things on my way home from school than I had in a whole term…那天下午，我从学校回家的路上发现的东西比我整个学期都要多，可知老师给他们的建议给他们留下了很深刻的印像，故答案是B．
（5）C 主旨归纳题，根据文中的最后一段For as we get older，it is not the things we did that we often regret，but the things we didn't do．因为随着年龄的增长，我们所做的事情并不是我们经常后悔的，而是我们没有做的事情．可知 主要是要告诉我们要享受生活中的每一刻，故答案是C．
【点评】本文是一篇人物故事类阅读，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．
8．（2023 岳阳三模）A river was running happily in the hill，the valley（山谷） and the field.Soon it was stopped by a huge rock and the river was a little afraid and worried what it could do.
The rock said， "Hi，baby!Where are you going？"
The river answered， "I'm going to the sea.My mother is waiting for me."
The rock made fun of the river and said， "You're too young.Go back to the hill at once.You can't get there.Don't come back here again!"
The river was surprised to hear that and said， "I can only go forwards（ 向前）.There's no river that goes backwards（向后）!"
The rock became angry and warmed the river， "Don't speak!If you don't go back，you will have to change your direction.Don't want to run over my body!"
The river asked helplessly， "Where should I go？"
"You can go anywhere you like.Just don't come close to me!"
While they were talking，more and more water came here.Then it began to get out of control.The river ran quickly over the rock and the rock was washed pitifully.
The river said proudly， "A weak person will change his goal and direction.A person who is strong will only go ahead and nothing can stop him!"
（1）The final goal of the river was to go to the sea. 　A　
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
（2）The rock wanted the river to come close to him. 　B　
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
（3）The river ran over the rock quickly. 　A　
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
（4）After meeting the rock，the river became worried at last instead of being afraid. 　B　
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
（5）The passage tells us that we should become strong and go ahead when facing difficulties. 　A　
A.Right.
B.Wrong.
【考点】方法与哲理；推理判断．
【答案】ABABA
【分析】本文讲述了一条河流要汇入大海，遇见巨石挡路，河流不惧艰难，终达目的地。
【解答】推理判断题：
（1）A.根据 I'm going to the sea.可知，河流的终点是是大海，所以题目正确。故选：A。
（2）B.根据Just don't come close to me!可知，巨石警告小河不要靠近。所以巨石想要小河靠近是错误的。故选：B。
（3）A.根据The river ran quickly over the rock and the rock was washed pitifully.河水湍急地流过岩石，岩石被冲刷得很惨。可知该题叙述正确。故选：A。
（4）B.根据The river said proudly...可知小河更自信，并不是从担心。所以本题陈述错误。故选：B。
（5）A.根据A person who is strong will only go ahead and nothing can stop him.坚强的人只会勇往直前，没有什么能阻止他。可知，本题陈述是自确的。故选：A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
9．（2023 槐荫区模拟）Have you ever been sad because you failed in something？If so，please remember，for often，achieving what you expect not the most important thing.Here is a story to tell you why.
One day，a little boy，Paul decided to dig a hole behind his house after watching a science program.As Paul was working，a couple of boys stopped by to watch. "What are you doing？" asked one of the visitors. "I want to dig a deep hole all the way through the earth!" Paul answered excitedly.The other boys began to laugh，telling him that it was impossible to do it.Then they left.
But Paul kept on digging and digging.Suddenly，a few small colorful stones caught his eyes.He collected them and put them into a glass jar patiently.Humming a song，he went on digging.The jar was full soon.Then Paul talked to himself calmly and proudly "Maybe I can't finish digging all the way through the earth，but look at what I have in the process of digging!"
Maybe Paul's goal was too difficult，but it did cause him to go on.
Not every goal will be achieved.Not every job will end up with a success.Not every dream will come true.But when you can't achieve your goal，maybe you can say "Yes，but look at what I've found along the way!There are so many wonderful things that have come into my life because I tried to do something!" It is in the digging that life is lived. It is the unexpected joy on the journey that really has a meaning.
（1）What did Paul do after watching a program？ 　B　
A．He bought a glass jar.
B．He started to dig a hole.
C．He fixed up a fly﹣bike.
D．He played with visitors.
（2）What did the other boys think of Paul？ 　A　
A．Silly.
B．Strict.
C．Strong﹣minded.
D．Tall.
（3）When did Paul find the stones？ 　B　
A．Before he met the other boys.
B．After other boys laughed at him.
C．When he wanted to give up.
D．When he wanted to have a rest.
（4）According to the passage，what does the sentence "It is in the digging that life is lived." mean？ 　C　
A．Life is to make a big success.
B．Life is to find colorful stones.
C．Life is on the way to the goal.
D．Life is full of much difficulties.
（5）What can be a suitable title for the passage？ 　A　
A．Enjoying the process.
B．A journey through the earth.
C．How to achieve goals.
D．A clever boy digging a hole.
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解．
【答案】BABCA
【分析】这篇短文主要描述了一个想挖穿地球的小男孩，最终没有挖穿地球．却在挖掘的过程中，挖掘到了多彩的宝石．从而告诉我们即使努力也不一定就能实现目标，但是我们也许会在过程中有很大的收获，我们要珍惜努力的过程。
【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段句子One day a little boy decided to dig a hole behind his house after watching a science program.一天，一个小男孩在看一个科学节目后决定在他家后面挖个洞，可知他开始挖一个洞．故选B。
（2）A.细节推理题．根据第二段第二行句子The other boys began to laugh，telling him that it was impossible to do it.Then they left.其他的男孩子们开始笑了，告诉他这是不可能的．然后离开了．可知其他的男孩子们认为他很愚蠢，故选A。
（3）B.细节理解题．根据第二段最后一句The other boys began to laugh，telling him that it was impossible to do it.Then they left.其他的男孩子们开始笑了，告诉他这是不可能的．然后他们离开了．和第三段第一行句子The little boy kept on digging and digging.Suddenly，a few small colorful stones caught his eyes.小男孩不停地挖．突然几个五颜六色的小石头引起了他的注意．可知在其他的男孩子们嘲笑他之后，这个小男孩挖到了石头，故选B。
（4）C.句意理解题。根据前文Not every goal will be achieved.Not every job will end up with a success.Not every dream will come true.But when you can't achieve your goal，maybe you can say，"Yes，but look what I've found along the way!There are so many wonderful things that have come into my life because I tried to do something，不是每一个目标都能实现，不是每