2025年中考英语复习阅读理解专项集训：环境保护（含解析）

2025年中考英语复习阅读理解题专项集训之环境保护
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．（2024 深圳模拟）A man named Randy in Canada liked to hunt for trees.He looked for big trees and old trees in Canada.He made maps to show where these trees were.He did not want to cut them down.Actually he wanted people to take care of them.
Ancient trees are today rare （稀少的） everywhere in the world.On Vancouver Island in Canada，there are so many big trees.The biggest trees are about 800 years old.They are the survivors of a forest fire.The fire brought damage（损害）to the area about 350 years ago.Randy was told of a very tall tree on Vancouver Island.The tree was said to be 314 feet tall.That would make it the tallest tree in Canada.Randy set out to find the tree.
But someone else found it first.It was found by a logger﹣a person whose job is to cut down trees.The loggers wanted to cut down Canada's tallest tree and all the trees around it.
Randy made a path（小路）in the forest in order that people could see the tall tree.The tree was so big and beautiful that even more and more people wanted to save that forest.Thanks to these people，that forest is now a park.Canada's tallest tree is still there.
There may still be a bigger tree out there.Maybe you will find it.But there are only a few old forests left in Canada.Many are still at risk of being cut down.
（1）Why did Randy make maps？ 　 　
A．To look for more big trees.
B．To show the positions of the big and old trees.
C．To cut trees down later.
D．To help loggers.
（2）The underlined word "survivor"means 　 　in Chinese.
A．受益者
B．制造者
C．控制者
D．幸存者
（3）What did the loggers want to do with Canada's tallest tree？ 　 　
A．They wanted to take care of it.
B．They wanted to save it.
C．They wanted to cut it down.
D．They wanted to know its height.
（4）Which of the following is NOT true？ 　 　
A．Randy is from Canada.
B．The fire happened about 350 years ago.
C．Randy made a path in the forest.
D．Canada's tallest tree is cut down now.
（5）What happened to the forest according to the passage？ 　 　
A．It has disappeared.
B．It became a park.
C．It was not famous anymore.
D．The passage doesn't mention it.
2．（2024 武城县二模）The most common disease in the world is the cold.It often starts with a sore throat（咽部疼痛）.You sneeze and your nose runs.You usually have a headache，too.Often you have a cough later.It's not a serious disease，but you can feel quite bad.
There isn't good medicine for a cold，but you can take some medicine to make you feel better.It is good to rest，and to drink a lot of water，too.A doctor once told me， "With the right medicine，a cold will last for seven days.With no medicine，it will go on for a whole week!"
Where does our medicine come from？A long time ago，people found that some plants made them feel better.They ate leaves，roots，fruits or seeds of plants.We know the juice of lemons makes a sore throat feel better.In modern times，scientists have studied many plants，and found out what chemicals are in them.
Many kinds of our medicines today are made from those chemicals.There are some diseases that we can't treat yet.But because of modern medicine，people now live longer than their grandparents.
（1）From this article，a cold often starts with 　 　.
A．a pain in your throat
B．a cough
C．feeling a little tired
D．a fever
（2）What should we do when we catch a cold？ 　 　
A．We should stay in hospital for a week.
B．We should have a good rest and drink much water.
C．We should wait for a whole week.
D．We only need a good rest.
（3）What makes a sore throat feel better？ 　 　
A．Examining of a doctor.
B．The juice of oranges.
C．Something inside lemons.
D．The root of a plant.
（4）What is the real meaning of the doctor's words？
　 　
A．There is almost no medicine that can cure the cold.
B．There is some medicine that can cure the cold.
C．You will feel well after a week when you take some medicine.
D．The cold is a serious disease.
（5）What makes people now live longer than their grandparents？ 　 　
A．The cure for a cold.
B．Some plants.
C．The good medicine for a cold.
D．Modern medicine.
3．（2024 岳池县三模）When you do not use your arms or your legs for some time，they will become weak．When you start using them again，they slowly become strong again．Everybody knows that．Yet many people do not seem to know that memory （记忆）works in the same way．
When someone says that he has a good memory，he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it．When someone else says that his memory is poor，he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong．
If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak，we know that it is his own fault （过错）．But if he tells us that he has a poor memory，many of us think that his parents may be blamed （责备 ），and few of us know that it is just his own fault．Have you ever found that some people can't read or write but usually they have better memories？This is because they cannot read or write but they have to remember things，they cannot write them down in a small notebook．They have to remember days，names，songs and stories，so their memory is being exercised the whole time．
So if you want to have a good memory，learn from the people：practice remembering things in a way as other people do．
（1）Someone can't have a good memory if 　 　
A．his parents don't have a good memory
B．he can't read or write
C．he doesn't use his memory
D．he doesn't use his arms or legs for some time
（2）If you do not use your arms or legs for some time 　 　
A．they become weak and won't become strong until you use them again
B．they will become stronger
C．they become weak but they slowly become strong again
D．you can't use them any more
（3）Which of the following is true 　 　？
A．Your memory works in the different way as your arms or legs．
B．Your memory，like your arms or legs，becomes weak if you do not give it enough chance to practice．
C．Don't learn how to read or write if you want to have a better memory．
D．A good memory comes from less practice．
（4）Few people know that it is only 　 　 if a friend has a poor memory．
A．his grandmother's fault
B．his parents fault
C．his teachers' fault
D．his own fault
（5）The writer wants to tell us 　 　．
A．how to have a good memory
B．how to read and write
C．how to use our arms or legs
D．how to learn from the people．
4．（2024 保亭县二模）Healthy eating doesn't just mean what you eat，but how you eat.Here is some advice on healthy eating.
Eat with others.It can help you to see others' healthy eating habits.If you usually eat with your parents，you will find that the food you eat is more delicious.
Listen to your body.Ask yourself if you are really hungry.
Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty﹣ sometimes you are just thirsty，you need no food.Stop eating before you feel full.
Eat breakfast.Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.After you don't eat for the past ten hours，your body needs food to get you going.You will be smarter after eating breakfast.
Eat healthy snacks（零食）like fruits，yogurt or cheese.We all need snacks sometimes.In fact，it's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks your between three meals.This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of a meal.
Don't eat dinner late.With our busy life，we always put off eating dinner until the last minute.Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed.This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8﹣10 hours.
（1）The writer gives us 　 　pieces of advice on healthy eating.
A．4
B．5
C．6
（2）Which snack is Not mentioned in the passage？ 　 　
A．Fruits
B．Yogurt
C．Ice cream
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　 　
A．Snacks are bad for our health.
B．We should keep eating until we are full.
C．We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed.
（4）The underlined（画线）word "digest"means 　 　 in Chinese.
A．消化
B．享用
C．循环
（5）The passage mainly tells us 　 　 .
A．where to eat
B．how to eat
C．why to eat
5．（2024 东光县二模）A kind of little cars may take the place of today's big ones many years later.If everyone drives such cars in the future，there will be less pollution in the air.There will also be more space for parking in cities，and the streets will be less crowded.
The little cars of the future will cost less.Driving will be safer，too，since these little cars can go only 65 kilometers an hour.The cars of the future will be fine for going around a city，but they will not be useful for a long way.Little cars will go 450 kilometers before they need to stop for more gasoline （汽油）.If big cars are still used with the small ones，two kinds of roads will be needed in the future.Some roads will be needed for the big，faster cars and other roads will be needed for the small，slower ones.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
（1）There is much pollution in the air today because 　 　.
A．people drive big cars
B．people drive little cars
C．small cars will go 450 kilometers before they need to stop for more gasoline
D．the usual size of cars today is too small
（2）The usual size of cars today is 　 　.
A．much smaller than the future one
B．as big as the future ones
C．as small as the future ones
D．bigger than the future ones
（3）Which of the following statements （陈述） is NOT true？ 　 　
A．Big cars cost more.
B．Big cars are not useful for a long way.
C．The cars of the future will be smaller than today's cars.
D．Small cars are slower than big ones.
（4）The streets will be less crowded because 　 　.
A．there will be fewer cars in the future
B．there will be fewer people in the streets
C．three kinds of roads will be built
D．future cars will be smaller
（5）Two kinds of roads will be needed in the future because 　 　.
A．there will be too many cars in the future
B．more and more people will go to cities
C．big cars run faster and little cars run slower
D．it looks more beautiful to have two kinds of roads
6．（2024 深圳模拟）I'm sure you all know how important recycling is.Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things.It sounds like magic.But it's actually very scientific.
Material The first thing you have to do is to collect items that can be recycled.Only certain materials can be recycled.These include things made out of paper，metal，glass and plastic.
Daily things Can you think of everyday items made of these materials？Soda cans are good example.They are made out of metal.Magazines and newspaper are made out of paper.So are cereal boxes.Some bottles of juice are made out of glass.Bags and yogurt containers are made out of plastic.There are many things that can be recycled.
Loop These things are usually stamped with the recycling loop.It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular（ 三角形） circle.This shows that cycle（循环） continues.Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else.
Process Let's go back to the process of recycling. ①The items are put in a recycling bin.②A truck carries the items to a recycling plant.③The materials are separated and squashed（被压扁成） into square cubes. ④Companies buy and turn them into new products.
（1）What is "recycling" according to the passage？ 　 　
A．It's a magic performance.
B．It's a way of burning old things.
C．It's a way to make old things useful.
D．It's a scientific research.
（2）Which material is not mentioned in the passage？ 　 　
A．Rubber.
B．Metal
C．Glass.
D．Plastic.
（3）You can put your old things into a recycling bin except 　 　.
A．soda cans
B．magazines
C．cereal boxes
D．all bottles
（4）The "3 arrows" shows that the items 　 　.
A．have some valuable stamps
B．are in a triangle circle
C．are recycled and reused
D．are thrown away
（5）The passage is mainly about 　 　.
A．recyclable materials
B．recyclable daily things
C．the recycling process
D．recycling in a scientific way
7．（2024 深圳模拟）There are many ways to help improve your health like eating healthy food.Taking exercise and getting medical help.But the easiest and cheapest way to improve your health is just to sleep eight hours or more every night.The general sleeping rule is that the younger you are，the longer sleep you need.But regardless of（不管）age，some people need to sleep more while for some a few hours is enough.
The problem with sleep is that more and more people in the world are not sleeping enough.According to the World Health Organization over half the people in the world may be sleep﹣deprived.Having less sleep not only makes people feel tired but also causes accidents.In the United States alone，sleepy drivers cause at least 100，000 traffic accidents a year.Also sleep problems can cause medical problems such as high blood pressure（血压）.
Why are so many people sleep～deprived？Part of the reasons may be cultural.In the American culture，people put a higher value on work than on sleep.In fact，people who sleep a lot are usually seen as "lazy".Also，you can sometimes hear some people say proudly that they don't have much time to sleep.they only sleep four or five hours a night.It seems that the less you sleep，the more work you'll do.
How do we teach these people to learn the value of sleep？Perhaps they may listen to the advice of Dr.James Maas an expert （专家） in sleep.He says ， "Sleep is like a credit （信用卡） card.When you sleep less.you are only borrowing time.You always have to pay it back.The more hours you don't sleep，the more hours you should t sleep to 'pay back' the hours on your 'sleep credit card.'"
For those who value work more than sleep，they should listen to what a famous person once said. "Don't think you will be doing less work because you sleep during the night.That is a foolish（愚蠢的） idea which is held by people who have no imagination.You will be able to do more."
（1）According to the writer，the easiest and cheapest way to improve health is to 　 　.
A．eat healthy food every day
B．take exercise as much as possible
C．get medical help whenever necessary
D．sleep eight hours or more every night
（2）What does"sleep﹣deprived" mean in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A．Having a good sleep.
B．Excited about sleep.
C．Having less sleep.
D．Interested in sleep.
（3）According to Dr.James Maas.what is sleep like？ 　 　
A．An hour.
B．A report.
C．A credit card.
D．A piece of paper.
（4）What do the words of the famous person mean in Paragraph 5？ 　 　
A．Sleeping during the night is foolish.
B．Sleeping during the night is helpful.
C．People have no courage.
D．People always do less work.
（5）What is the best title of the passage？ 　 　
A．The Value of Sleep.
B．The Value of Study.
C．The Ways of Eating Less.
D．The Ways of Making Money.
8．（2024 邵东市模拟）Waste is very serious in the school.Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom.They say they have enough money to buy these things.But I don't agree with them.
Waste can bring a lot of problems.Although China is rich in some resources（资源），we are short of others，for example，fresh water.It is reported that we will have no coal（煤） or oil to use in 100 years.So if we go on wasting our resources，what can we use in the future and where can we move？Think about it.I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day.Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.
In our everyday life，we can do many things to stop waste from happening，for example，turn off the water taps（水龙头） when we finish washing，turn off the lights when we leave the classroom，try not to order more food than we need，and so on.Little by little，everything will be better.We stop the waste one day if we do our best!
根据短文内容，从每题所给的三个选项中选择最佳选项。
（1）From the passage we know that some students often　 　 in the school.
A．eat too much
B．don't work hard
C．waste things
（2）What may happen in 100 years？　 　
A．We may still have enough oil.
B．We may still have enough coal.
C．We may have no coal or oil to use.
（3）Which of the following is right？　 　
A．Waste brings problems.
B．Waste can bring no problem.
C．Students never waste things.
（4）Which is the best title of this passage？　 　
A．Stop Wasting
B．School life
C．Waste in the School
9．（2024 泗洪县二模）
It's easy to protect the planet.These tips help save resources such as water，energy，and animals.They also cut down on harmful gases，such as CO2，which cause global warming.Go green and try these tips.
Recycle and reuse ※Collect cans and bottles from your neighbourhood，and exchange them for money at a recycling centre. ※Choose rechargeable batteries.Be sure to recycle all batteries to stop harmful metals from polluting the environment. ※The next time you want to buy a new book，borrow it from the library or a friend.Sharing books is a great way to reduce waste and reuse things.
Protect the outdoors *When you visit a park or beach，be sure to put your trash in the house in the summer.Trees help clean the air.They give out oxygen and get rid of CO2.
Avoid waste *If the sink in your home keeps leaking（漏水），ask someone to fix it.If You stop a sink from leaking one drop each second，you can even10，000 liters of water a year. *You are so hungry after a long day at school!Even so，keep calm and take only what you will really be able to eat.
（1）If you want to go green，you can find 　 　 tips in the passage.
A.one
B.two
C.three
D.four
（2）What does the word trash mean？ 　 　
A.rubbish.
B.snacks.
C.metal.
D.paper.
（3）If you stop a sink from leaking one drop each second，how many liters of water can you save every month？ 　 　
A.5，000.
B.10，000.
C.833.
D.1，200.
10．（2024 芜湖一模）Do you believe in green living？Read the following blog （博客）and replies about a fun，easy and creative way to make your lifestyle greener.
Posted by Gina at 8：32 a.m.on 11th February 2018 New uses for old clothing Nowadays，we're more wasteful than ever﹣buying，using and throwing things away without thinking about the costs.We need to start living more responsibly﹣ but bow？One answer is to upcycle （再生利用） . If you're like me，you might already make soil for gardening from food waste and use empty paper boxes as storage space.Did you know you can apply （应用） the same way to old clothing？You just need imagination! I started upcycling clothing，Making new things out of old clothes is the best way to mix my talent and my interest.Do you upcycle？If so，what new things have you made？If not，why not give it a try？ What do you think of the "new" bat I made for my sister？It used to be my mum's sweater.
TerryB Posted at 9：08 a.m.on 11th February 2018 Why don't you give your old clothes to people in need？I even give away the most expensive things I don't wear anymore.So I can help the environment while giving something useful to people in need. Gina Posted at 9：28 a.m.on 1 Ith February 2018 early Good point! 'm talking about only the oldest clothing in your room﹣﹣the clothes that are too old to be worn by others.The same idea goes for food waste at restaurants and supermarkets. Before upcycling food that can still be eaten，for example，using it to make soil；we should give it to those in need.
Betty99 Posted at 10：18 a.m.on 11th February 2018 I've made shopping bags out of T﹣shirts and dog toys out of socks. Upcycling clothing is a fun hobby，but the most important thing is that it makes me feel like I'm living less wastefully.
（1）What is special about the hat？ 　 　
A．It came from an old sweater.
B．It was given by Gina's mum.
C．It was new and expensive.
D．It was a gift from Gina's sister.
（2）Why did Gina give a reply to TerryB？ 　 　
A．To draw TerryB's attention.
B．To introduce a new method.
C．To further explain her idea.
D．To express her deep regret.
（3）What did Betty99 upcycle to make dog toys？ 　 　
A．Paper boxes.
B．Shopping bags.
C．T﹣shirts.
D．Socks.
11．（2024 惠东县一模）
It's not WASTE until it is WASTED! With the World Environment Day coming，our school is now requiring every student to form a habit of sorting the waste．Here in our schoolyard we lay four different colors of rubbish bins for different kinds of rubbish．The red is for harmful waste；the blue is for waste that can be recycled；the green is for kitchen waste；the yellow is for other waste． The followings are some instructions for you． Glass： Empty bottles without caps can be recycled to make new glass bottles．Warning：Mirrors and light bulbs must not be included in the glass waste． Paper： Newspapers，magazines，boxes must be clean enough to be recycled．Warning：Paper tissues and wallpaper are not recyclable as paper and should be kept separately． PMD waste： Packaging made of Plastic or Metal and drink boxes are used to make new packaging．Warning：Plastic pots （e．g．yogurt pots），plastic bags must not be included in the PMD waste． Harmful waste： out﹣of﹣date drugs，used batteries（电池），paint and oil …Besides，if you don't need your old bikes at all，our school volunteers will collect them．We're going to fix them up and then give them away to kids who don't have enough money for a bike．To find out more about recycling，you can visit our school website．
（1）According to the passage，the fish bones（骨） should be thrown in the 　 　 bin．
A．red
B．blue
C．green
D．yellow
（2）From the passage，we can know that 　 　 can be included with the PMD waste．
A．yogurt pots
B．plastic bags
C．drink boxes
D．out﹣of﹣date drugs
（3）Which of the following is true？ 　 　
A．All kinds of paper can be recycled．
B．Used batteries should be thrown into the blue bins．
C．There is information about recycling on the school website．
D．Mirrors and light bulbs can be made into new glass bottles．
（4）If you give your old bike to the volunteers，it will be 　 　．
A．sold to collect money for the poor kids
B．given away immediately to the poor kids
C．fixed up and given back to you for free
D．fixed up and given away to the poor kids
（5）The main purpose of this passage is 　 　．
A．to introduce waste sorting to the students
B．to look for volunteers for waste sorting
C．to introduce the World Environment Day
D．to advertise glass，paper and plastic products
12．（2024 荆州二模）C
Pollution inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million people each year．Many people die as a result of breathing smoke or from cooking over woo﹣powered of coal﹣powered stoves．
One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun．Crosby Menzies，a solar power expert in a South African company，described his latest solar cooker called the"Sol.4"， "It is four square meters of mirrors，six to eight meters in length．It is quite a large cooler． "
The"Sol.4"works by reflecting（反射）light from the sun off large mirrors．The mirrors direct （把…对准）the light at a cooking pan．Then the light heats the pan with solar energy．Within two minutes，the pan is hot enough to cook sausages and onions．In just four minutes，water can be boiled．That is as fast as cooking with natural gas or electricity．
The cooker is also much"friendlier"than other models because people do not have to stand in the sun to use it．And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money on coal．Such individuals would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful smoke．
At present，the cooker only works when the sun is shining．But engineers are working on a way to make it work without sunlight．
Each cooker costs about ＄2000，which is a large amount of money for most Africans．To solve that problem，Crosby Menzies has crated a non﹣governmental organization called solar Cookers for Africa．It plans to raise money through donations to provide poor people with solar cooking equipment．
（1）This passage is mainly about 　 　．
A．solar cookers
B．smoke pollution
C．solar power experts
D．breathing illnesses
（2）The"Sol﹣4"is mainly used to 　 　．
A．shorten the time of cooking
B．reduce the cost of making cookers
C．raise money through donations to help African people
D．reduce the number of deaths caused by harmful smoke
（3）The underlined word"individuals"most probably means" 　 　"
A．cookers
B．mirrors
C．people
D．experts
（4）Which of the following about the"Sol﹣4"is TRUE？ 　 　
A．It is six to eight square meters of mirrors
B．It can work in any weather condition now
C．It can also heat the pan by lighting firewood
D．It is more environment﹣friendly than other cookers．
（5）From the passage，we can infer that 　 　．
A．the"Sol﹣4"will be designed in a smaller size
B．more African can use the solar cookers in the future
C．the"Sol﹣4"is the first product of the south African company
D．the African government will provide poor people with solar cookers
13．（2024 雅安模拟）Every year thousands of young people in England finish school and then take a year off before they start work or go to university.Some young people go to other countries and work as volunteers.
Volunteers give their time to help people.For example，they work in schools or hospitals，or they do something helpful for the environment.
Paul，18，comes from Wales.Next year he wants to go to university to study Chinese，but now he's living in Belize.Paul says， "I'm working with other people here to save the coral reefs （珊瑚礁） in the sea near Belize.The reefs here are beautiful，but if the sea water is polluted badly，the coral will die.I'm helping to do study on the coral and the fish that live around the reefs.All over the world，coral reefs are dying.We need to do something about the problem before it's too late.I'm staying with a family here.I help do some housework.I don't get any money，but that's OK.I love my work here，and I'm learning a lot about the people of Belize!When I finish my work，I want to stay here for another three months.I want to travel around Belize and Central America."
（1）What will some young people in England do after finishing school？ 　 　
A．Go to work for money.
B．Go to other countries and work as volunteers.
C．Start work in universities.
D．Go to university in other countries.
（2）Where is Paul living now？ 　 　
A．England.
B．China.
C．Belize.
D．America.
（3）What is Paul doing with other people in the sea near Belize？ 　 　
A．Working to save the coral reefs.
B．Studying Chinese in the university.
C．Helping do some housework.
D．Doing some study in Wales.
（4）From the passage，we know that the coral reefs 　 　.
A．are not as beautiful as before
B．will probably be sold for money
C．may die because of the pollution
D．cannot live without fish in the sea
（5）What does Paul want to do after he finishes his work as a volunteer？ 　 　
A．Stay there for another year.
B．Go back home to start work.
C．Learn about the people at home.
D．Travel around Central America.
14．（2024 镇平县一模）All dreaming starts with sleep.When we sleep there are four stages（阶段） that we go through.
Stage One is the lightest stage of sleep.In this stage of sleep someone can be awakened by low sounds or slight touch.Stage One sleep happens through﹣ out the night.It，often reappears as a transitional state of sleep following arousal（ 刺激） during the night.When Stage One does reappear during sleep.it only lasts﹣ thirty seconds to one minute.Young adults spend ten to fifteen minutes a night in Stage One sleep.
Stage Two sleep may have some of the slower eye movement of Stage One，but in general Stage .Two sleep is free of any eye movement.Another feature of stage two is arousal.Since Stage Two is a deeper sleep than Stage One，it will take more arousal to awaken a person from this stage of sleep.
Stage Three sleep as well as Stage Four is usually referred to as a slow wave sleep，which basically means a slow frequency（频率） of brain thought.There are no visual eye movements in this stage.Again in Stage Three it takes even more arousal then Stage Two sleep，to awaken a person from this state of sleep.Most of the dreams remembered take place during stage Three Sleep.
Stage Four sleep is the deepest of sleep.This is where the body and mind gets the most rest.Brain frequencies increase slightly in Stage Four sleep.In this stage of sleep people begin their dreams.When a person is dreaming you can visually tell by the movement of the eyes.Scientist measure deep sleep by "R.E.M." which simply means "rapid eye movement".What they measure is the amount of time your eye moves in Stage Four sleep and also brain activity along with frequency.Once again much more arousal is needed to awaken a stage four sleeper.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
（1）How long does Stage one sleep last for young adults？ 　 　
A．About a minute.
B．About a quarter.
C．About an hour.
D．About a night.
（2）What can we know from Paragraph 3？ 　 　
A．Eyes don't move in stage 2 sleep.
B．Stage 1 sleep is lighter than stage 2 sleep.
C．Stage 3 sleep is referred to as a slow wave sleep.
D．Stage 4 sleep is the deepest of sleep.
（3）In which stage does the body and mind get the most rest？ 　 　
A．Stage 1 sleep.
B．Stage 2 sleep.
C．Stage 3 sleep.
D．Stage 4 sleep.
（4）Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text？ 　 　
A.
1
2 3 4 5
B.
1
2 3 4 5
C.
1 2 3
4
5
D.
1 2 3 4
5
（5）What's this reading about？ 　 　
A．What does dreaming start with.
B．What your dreams are telling you.
C．What stages of sleep we go through.
D．What kinds of dreams do we have.
15．（2024 阳江一模）Everyone knows that exercise is important.We all need to exercise.Doctors say it is good for us.It makes our heart and body strong.Children who often exercise are more alert（思维敏捷的）.This means they do better in tests and schoolwork than those who don't exercise.
There are many ways to exercise.You can walk，run，swim，skate，or play ball games.Make sure you exercise in the following ways.
You have to like what you're doing.
Exercise enough，but not too much.It's best to exercise twice each week.Thirty minutes each time is enough.
Try all kinds of things until you find one，two or even three sports right for you.
Lots of people choose to exercise at fitness centers（健身中心）.Why？Because there is a lot of sports equipment（器材）there.The equipment will help exercise your arms，legs and other parts of your body to make you healthy.Some people buy sports equipment，but it is very expensive.
Exercising can be fun.Friends can exercise together at a fitness center or they can play sports together outside.How do you exercise？
（1）In the passage，the writer tells us that we all need to 　 　.
A．drink
B．sleep
C．exercise
D．rest
（2）Which of the following sports is NOT mentioned in the passage？ 　 　
A．Fishing.
B．Running.
C．Swimming.
D．Walking.
（3）It's best to exercise_____a week and_____each time. 　 　
A．once；thirty minutes
B．twice；half an hour
C．three times；half an hour
D．four times；an hour
（4）What does the underlined word "right" mean here in Chinese？ 　 　
A．右边的
B．合适的
C．正确的
D．没关系
（5）According to the passage，why do many people go to fitness centers to keep healthy？ 　 　
A．Because they have much free time.
B．Because they don't think they can keep healthy at home.
C．Because there are different kinds of sports equipment at fitness centers.
D．They like it.
2025年中考英语复习阅读理解题专项集训之环境保护
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．（2024 深圳模拟）A man named Randy in Canada liked to hunt for trees.He looked for big trees and old trees in Canada.He made maps to show where these trees were.He did not want to cut them down.Actually he wanted people to take care of them.
Ancient trees are today rare （稀少的） everywhere in the world.On Vancouver Island in Canada，there are so many big trees.The biggest trees are about 800 years old.They are the survivors of a forest fire.The fire brought damage（损害）to the area about 350 years ago.Randy was told of a very tall tree on Vancouver Island.The tree was said to be 314 feet tall.That would make it the tallest tree in Canada.Randy set out to find the tree.
But someone else found it first.It was found by a logger﹣a person whose job is to cut down trees.The loggers wanted to cut down Canada's tallest tree and all the trees around it.
Randy made a path（小路）in the forest in order that people could see the tall tree.The tree was so big and beautiful that even more and more people wanted to save that forest.Thanks to these people，that forest is now a park.Canada's tallest tree is still there.
There may still be a bigger tree out there.Maybe you will find it.But there are only a few old forests left in Canada.Many are still at risk of being cut down.
（1）Why did Randy make maps？ 　B　
A．To look for more big trees.
B．To show the positions of the big and old trees.
C．To cut trees down later.
D．To help loggers.
（2）The underlined word "survivor"means 　D　in Chinese.
A．受益者
B．制造者
C．控制者
D．幸存者
（3）What did the loggers want to do with Canada's tallest tree？ 　C　
A．They wanted to take care of it.
B．They wanted to save it.
C．They wanted to cut it down.
D．They wanted to know its height.
（4）Which of the following is NOT true？ 　D　
A．Randy is from Canada.
B．The fire happened about 350 years ago.
C．Randy made a path in the forest.
D．Canada's tallest tree is cut down now.
（5）What happened to the forest according to the passage？ 　B　
A．It has disappeared.
B．It became a park.
C．It was not famous anymore.
D．The passage doesn't mention it.
【考点】环境保护；细节理解；推理判断；词句猜测．
【答案】BDCDB
【分析】本文主要讲了加拿大人为了保护老树所做出的努力。
【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段He looked for big trees and old trees in Canada.He made maps to show where these trees were.可知他做地图是为了展示那些大树在哪里。即标明老树和大树的位置。故选B。
（2）D.词义猜测题。根据第二段The fire brought damage（损害）to the area about 350 years ago.Randy was told of a very tall tree on Vancouver Island.The tree was said to be 314 feet tall.可知大火造成了损害，而Randy被告知这颗大树的存在。可判断这颗大树是大火中幸存下来的，因此判断划线单词的含义为幸存者。故选D。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据第三段It was found by a logger﹣a person whose job is to cut down trees.The loggers wanted to cut down Canada's tallest tree and all the trees around it.它是由一个伐木工人发现的，他的工作是砍树。伐木工人想砍掉加拿大最高的树和它周围的所有树木。可知他们想砍掉这棵树，故选C。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据第四段Canada's tallest tree is still there.可知加拿大最高的树还在，而D选项意为加拿大最高的树现在被砍掉了，因此与原文不符，是不正确的，故选D。
（5）B.细节理解题。根据第四段Thanks to these people，that forest is now a park.可知那个森林现在成为了一个公园。故选B。
【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。
2．（2024 武城县二模）The most common disease in the world is the cold.It often starts with a sore throat（咽部疼痛）.You sneeze and your nose runs.You usually have a headache，too.Often you have a cough later.It's not a serious disease，but you can feel quite bad.
There isn't good medicine for a cold，but you can take some medicine to make you feel better.It is good to rest，and to drink a lot of water，too.A doctor once told me， "With the right medicine，a cold will last for seven days.With no medicine，it will go on for a whole week!"
Where does our medicine come from？A long time ago，people found that some plants made them feel better.They ate leaves，roots，fruits or seeds of plants.We know the juice of lemons makes a sore throat feel better.In modern times，scientists have studied many plants，and found out what chemicals are in them.
Many kinds of our medicines today are made from those chemicals.There are some diseases that we can't treat yet.But because of modern medicine，people now live longer than their grandparents.
（1）From this article，a cold often starts with 　A　.
A．a pain in your throat
B．a cough
C．feeling a little tired
D．a fever
（2）What should we do when we catch a cold？ 　B　
A．We should stay in hospital for a week.
B．We should have a good rest and drink much water.
C．We should wait for a whole week.
D．We only need a good rest.
（3）What makes a sore throat feel better？ 　C　
A．Examining of a doctor.
B．The juice of oranges.
C．Something inside lemons.
D．The root of a plant.
（4）What is the real meaning of the doctor's words？
　A　
A．There is almost no medicine that can cure the cold.
B．There is some medicine that can cure the cold.
C．You will feel well after a week when you take some medicine.
D．The cold is a serious disease.
（5）What makes people now live longer than their grandparents？ 　D　
A．The cure for a cold.
B．Some plants.
C．The good medicine for a cold.
D．Modern medicine.
【考点】环境保护；细节理解；推理判断．
【答案】ABCAD
【分析】文章介绍了感冒是世界上最常见的疾病。通常最开始的症状是嗓子痛，打喷嚏流鼻涕，常常伴随着疼痛。然后就是咳嗽。虽然不是严重的病，但是人会感到不舒服。感冒没有治愈的方法，但是可以通过药物来缓解。
【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据"It often starts with a sore throat（咽部疼痛）"可知，感冒最开始的症状是嗓子疼，故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据"It is good to rest，and to drink a lot of water，too."可知，感冒了最好是多喝水，多休息，故选B。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据"We know the juice of lemons makes a sore throat feel better."可知，我们知道柠檬汁可以缓解喉咙痛。即柠檬里的物质可以缓解喉咙痛，故选C。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据"A doctor once told me， "With the right medicine，a cold will last for seven days.With no medicine，it will go on for a whole week!" "可知，用了正确的药，感冒将持续7天。没有用药，它也会持续一个星期！由此推断，几乎没有药能治疗感冒。故选A。
（5）D.细节理解题。根据"But because of modern medicine，people now live longer than their grandparents."可知，由于现代医学的发展，人们现在比祖父母长寿。故选D。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
3．（2024 岳池县三模）When you do not use your arms or your legs for some time，they will become weak．When you start using them again，they slowly become strong again．Everybody knows that．Yet many people do not seem to know that memory （记忆）works in the same way．
When someone says that he has a good memory，he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it．When someone else says that his memory is poor，he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong．
If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak，we know that it is his own fault （过错）．But if he tells us that he has a poor memory，many of us think that his parents may be blamed （责备 ），and few of us know that it is just his own fault．Have you ever found that some people can't read or write but usually they have better memories？This is because they cannot read or write but they have to remember things，they cannot write them down in a small notebook．They have to remember days，names，songs and stories，so their memory is being exercised the whole time．
So if you want to have a good memory，learn from the people：practice remembering things in a way as other people do．
（1）Someone can't have a good memory if 　C　
A．his parents don't have a good memory
B．he can't read or write
C．he doesn't use his memory
D．he doesn't use his arms or legs for some time
（2）If you do not use your arms or legs for some time 　A　
A．they become weak and won't become strong until you use them again
B．they will become stronger
C．they become weak but they slowly become strong again
D．you can't use them any more
（3）Which of the following is true 　B　？
A．Your memory works in the different way as your arms or legs．
B．Your memory，like your arms or legs，becomes weak if you do not give it enough chance to practice．
C．Don't learn how to read or write if you want to have a better memory．
D．A good memory comes from less practice．
（4）Few people know that it is only 　D　 if a friend has a poor memory．
A．his grandmother's fault
B．his parents fault
C．his teachers' fault
D．his own fault
（5）The writer wants to tell us 　A　．
A．how to have a good memory
B．how to read and write
C．how to use our arms or legs
D．how to learn from the people．
【考点】环境保护；细节理解；主旨大意；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这篇短文中作者想要告诉我们，我们的记忆力就像我们的胳膊和腿一样，需要经常使用，给它足够的练习，这样我们才能有好的记忆力．作者还告诉了我们应该怎样提高我们的记忆力的方法．如果你想有好的记忆力，就要向别人学习，照别人做的那样用一种方法勤于练习记忆东西．
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据短文第一段的意思可知，作者用胳膊或腿给我们做类比，如果我们不经常的使用他们，他们就会变弱；当你又重新使用他们的时候，他们又会变得强壮．我们的记忆力也是一样的．由此可知，如果我们不使用我们的记忆力，我们就不会有好的记忆力．故选C．
（2）A．细节理解题．根据短文第一段中When you do not use your arms or your legs for some time，they will become weak．When you start using them again，they slowly become strong again可知，当我们一段时间不用我们的胳膊或腿的时候，他们就会变弱．当你重新使用他们的时候，他们又会慢慢地变强．故选A．
（3）B．推理判断题．根据memory （记忆）works in the same way．可排除A；根据This is because they cannot read or write but they have to remember things，they cannot write them down in a small notebook．可排除C；根据When someone says that he has a good memory，he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it．可排除D；根据When someone else says that his memory is poor，he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong．可知B是正确的．故选B．
（4）D．细节理解题．根据短文中But if he tells us that he has a poor memory，many of us think that his parents may be blamed （责备 ），and few of us know that it is just his own fault．可知，如果你的朋友告诉你他的记忆力不好，我们很少有人会知道这其实是他自己的错．故选D．
（5）A．主旨大意题．这篇短文作者利用胳膊和腿的例子来告诉我们，我们的记忆力需要经常使用和进行足够的练习，这样才能有好的记忆力．故A选项怎样有好的记忆力最符合文意．故选A．
【点评】本篇是一篇健康环保类阅读短文．在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息．先易后难．做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则．如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断．
4．（2024 保亭县二模）Healthy eating doesn't just mean what you eat，but how you eat.Here is some advice on healthy eating.
Eat with others.It can help you to see others' healthy eating habits.If you usually eat with your parents，you will find that the food you eat is more delicious.
Listen to your body.Ask yourself if you are really hungry.
Have a glass of water to see if you are thirsty﹣ sometimes you are just thirsty，you need no food.Stop eating before you feel full.
Eat breakfast.Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.After you don't eat for the past ten hours，your body needs food to get you going.You will be smarter after eating breakfast.
Eat healthy snacks（零食）like fruits，yogurt or cheese.We all need snacks sometimes.In fact，it's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks your between three meals.This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of a meal.
Don't eat dinner late.With our busy life，we always put off eating dinner until the last minute.Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed.This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8﹣10 hours.
（1）The writer gives us 　B　pieces of advice on healthy eating.
A．4
B．5
C．6
（2）Which snack is Not mentioned in the passage？ 　C　
A．Fruits
B．Yogurt
C．Ice cream
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　C　
A．Snacks are bad for our health.
B．We should keep eating until we are full.
C．We should have dinner at least 3 hours before going to bed.
（4）The underlined（画线）word "digest"means 　A　 in Chinese.
A．消化
B．享用
C．循环
（5）The passage mainly tells us 　B　 .
A．where to eat
B．how to eat
C．why to eat
【考点】环境保护；主旨大意；推理判断；词句猜测．
【答案】BCCAB
【分析】文章告诉读者如何选择健康饮食。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据原文Eat with others.（与他人一起吃饭。）；Listen to your body.（倾听你的身体。）；Eat breakfast.（吃早餐）；Eat healthy snacks（零食）like fruits，yogurt or cheese.（吃一些健康的零食，比如水果、酸奶或奶酪。）；Don't eat dinner late.（晚餐不要吃得太晚。）可知共计有5条建议。故选B。
（2）细节判断题。根据原文Eat healthy snacks like fruits，yogurt or cheese.We all need snacks sometimes.In fact，it's a good idea to eat two healthy snacks your between three meals.This doesn't mean that you can eat a bag of chips instead of a meal.（吃一些健康的零食，比如水果、酸奶或奶酪。我们有时都需要零食。事实上，在三餐之间吃两顿健康的零食是个好主意。这并不意味着你可以吃一袋薯片而不是一顿饭。）可知没有提到冰激凌。故选C。
（3）细节判断题。根据原文Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed.（尽量在睡前3小时吃晚餐。）可知尽量在睡前三小时吃晚饭。故选C。
（4）词义猜测题。根据原文This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8﹣10 hours.（这会让你的身体有机会在接下来的8﹣10小时休息之前___大部分的食物。）可知划线处指的是"消化"。故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。根据原文Here is some advice on healthy eating.（这是一些关于健康饮食的建议。）可知文章告诉读者如何选择健康饮食。故选B。
【点评】做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
5．（2024 东光县二模）A kind of little cars may take the place of today's big ones many years later.If everyone drives such cars in the future，there will be less pollution in the air.There will also be more space for parking in cities，and the streets will be less crowded.
The little cars of the future will cost less.Driving will be safer，too，since these little cars can go only 65 kilometers an hour.The cars of the future will be fine for going around a city，but they will not be useful for a long way.Little cars will go 450 kilometers before they need to stop for more gasoline （汽油）.If big cars are still used with the small ones，two kinds of roads will be needed in the future.Some roads will be needed for the big，faster cars and other roads will be needed for the small，slower ones.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
（1）There is much pollution in the air today because 　A　.
A．people drive big cars
B．people drive little cars
C．small cars will go 450 kilometers before they need to stop for more gasoline
D．the usual size of cars today is too small
（2）The usual size of cars today is 　D　.
A．much smaller than the future one
B．as big as the future ones
C．as small as the future ones
D．bigger than the future ones
（3）Which of the following statements （陈述） is NOT true？ 　B　
A．Big cars cost more.
B．Big cars are not useful for a long way.
C．The cars of the future will be smaller than today's cars.
D．Small cars are slower than big ones.
（4）The streets will be less crowded because 　D　.
A．there will be fewer cars in the future
B．there will be fewer people in the streets
C．three kinds of roads will be built
D．future cars will be smaller
（5）Two kinds of roads will be needed in the future because 　C　.
A．there will be too many cars in the future
B．more and more people will go to cities
C．big cars run faster and little cars run slower
D．it looks more beautiful to have two kinds of roads
【考点】环境保护；细节理解；推理判断；日常生活．
【答案】ADBDC
【分析】本文讲述了许多年后，一种小型汽车可能会取代今天的大型汽车。
【解答】（1）A。细节理解题，根据"A kind of little cars may take the place of today's big ones many years later.If everyone drives such cars in the future，there will be less pollution in the air.许多年后，一种小型汽车可能会取代今天的大型汽车。如果将来每个人都开这种车，空气中的污染就会减少。"可知，很多年后，有一种小汽车很可能会取代今天的大汽车，这样，在将来，空气污染的问题就会减少，由此我们可以推测，空气污染严重，跟人们开大汽车有关，故选：A。
（2）D。细节理解题，根据"There will also be more space for parking in cities and the streets will be less crowded.There will also be more space for parking in cities and the streets will be less crowded.城市中也将有更多的停车空间，街道也将不那么拥挤。城市也将有更多的停车空间，街道也将不那么拥挤。"可知，多年后，小汽车取代了大汽车，在城市里就会有更多停车的地方，街道也不会那么拥挤故由此推测，今天的汽车比未来的汽车要更大，故选：D。
（3）B。推理判断题，根据"The little cars of the future will cost less.未来的小型汽车将更便宜。"可知，未来的小汽车花费更少，即大汽车花费更多，故选项A的表述是正确的；根据"The cars of the future will be fine for going around a city，but they will not be useful for a long way.未来的汽车可以在城市里行驶，但在很长的一段时间内不会有用。"可知，这与选项B"大型汽车在很长一段时间内都没有用处。"描述不符；根据"There will also be more space for parking in cities，and the streets will be less crowded.城市中也将有更多的停车空间，街道也将不那么拥挤。"可知，未来的小汽车体型更小，故选项C的表述是正确的，故选：B。
（4）D。推理判断题，根据"will also be more space for parking in cities，and the streets will be less crowded.城市中也将有更多的停车空间，街道也将不那么拥挤。"可知，未来的小汽车体型更小，所以街上的停车位会更多，街道不会那么拥挤，故选：D。
（5）C。细节理解题，根据"Some roads will be needed for the big，faster cars and other roads will be needed for the small，slower ones.一些道路将用于大型、速度更快的车辆，其他道路将用于小型、速度较慢的车辆。"可知，未来的这种小汽车速度更慢，而现在的大汽车速度更快，所以需要两条道路，故选：C.
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
6．（2024 深圳模拟）I'm sure you all know how important recycling is.Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things.It sounds like magic.But it's actually very scientific.
Material The first thing you have to do is to collect items that can be recycled.Only certain materials can be recycled.These include things made out of paper，metal，glass and plastic.
Daily things Can you think of everyday items made of these materials？Soda cans are good example.They are made out of metal.Magazines and newspaper are made out of paper.So are cereal boxes.Some bottles of juice are made out of glass.Bags and yogurt containers are made out of plastic.There are many things that can be recycled.
Loop These things are usually stamped with the recycling loop.It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular（ 三角形） circle.This shows that cycle（循环） continues.Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else.
Process Let's go back to the process of recycling. ①The items are put in a recycling bin.②A truck carries the items to a recycling plant.③The materials are separated and squashed（被压扁成） into square cubes. ④Companies buy and turn them into new products.
（1）What is "recycling" according to the passage？ 　C　
A．It's a magic performance.
B．It's a way of burning old things.
C．It's a way to make old things useful.
D．It's a scientific research.
（2）Which material is not mentioned in the passage？ 　A　
A．Rubber.
B．Metal
C．Glass.
D．Plastic.
（3）You can put your old things into a recycling bin except 　D　.
A．soda cans
B．magazines
C．cereal boxes
D．all bottles
（4）The "3 arrows" shows that the items 　C　.
A．have some valuable stamps
B．are in a triangle circle
C．are recycled and reused
D．are thrown away
（5）The passage is mainly about 　D　.
A．recyclable materials
B．recyclable daily things
C．the recycling process
D．recycling in a scientific way
【考点】环境保护；细节理解；主旨大意．
【答案】CADCD
【分析】文章讲了科学回收利用废品.具体讲了材料程序，标志等。
【解答】（1）词义理解题。根据Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things.（回收利用就是把旧的东西变成新的东西。）可知这是一种让旧东西有用的方法，故选C。
（2）细节推测题。根据These include things made out of paper，metal，glass and plastic.（这些东西包括纸、金属、玻璃和塑料。）可推测没有提到的是橡胶，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据Some bottles of juice are made out of glass .（有些果汁瓶子是用玻璃做的。）可知不是所有的瓶子，故选D。
（4）词义理解题。根据This shows that cycle（循环） continues.Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else.（这表明循环继续项目被丢弃，但作为其他东西继续它们的生命。）可知"3 arrows" 意思是回收和再利用，故选C。
（5）主旨大意题。根据Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things.It sounds like magic.But it's actually very scientific.（回收利用就是把旧的东西变成新的东西。听起来像魔术，但实际上很科学。）可知文章讲了科学回收利用，故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
7．（2024 深圳模拟）There are many ways to help improve your health like eating healthy food.Taking exercise and getting medical help.But the easiest and cheapest way to improve your health is just to sleep eight hours or more every night.The general sleeping rule is that the younger you are，the longer sleep you need.But regardless of（不管）age，some people need to sleep more while for some a few hours is enough.
The problem with sleep is that more and more people in the world are not sleeping enough.According to the World Health Organization over half the people in the world may be sleep﹣deprived.Having less sleep not only makes people feel tired but also causes accidents.In the United States alone，sleepy drivers cause at least 100，000 traffic accidents a year.Also sleep problems can cause medical problems such as high blood pressure（血压）.
Why are so many people sleep～deprived？Part of the reasons may be cultural.In the American culture，people put a higher value on work than on sleep.In fact，people who sleep a lot are usually seen as "lazy".Also，you can sometimes hear some people say proudly that they don't have much time to sleep.they only sleep four or five hours a night.It seems that the less you sleep，the more work you'll do.
How do we teach these people to learn the value of sleep？Perhaps they may listen to the advice of Dr.James Maas an expert （专家） in sleep.He says ， "Sleep is like a credit （信用卡） card.When you sleep less.you are only borrowing time.You always have to pay it back.The more hours you don't sleep，the more hours you should t sleep to 'pay back' the hours on your 'sleep credit card.'"
For those who value work more than sleep，they should listen to what a famous person once said. "Don't think you will be doing less work because you sleep during the night.That is a foolish（愚蠢的） idea which is held by people who have no imagination.You will be able to do more."
（1）According to the writer，the easiest and cheapest way to improve health is to 　D　.
A．eat healthy food every day
B．take exercise as much as possible
C．get medical help whenever necessary
D．sleep eight hours or more every night
（2）What does"sleep﹣deprived" mean in Paragraph 2？ 　C　
A．Having a good sleep.
B．Excited about sleep.
C．Having less sleep.
D．Interested in sleep.
（3）According to Dr.James Maas.what is sleep like？ 　C　
A．An hour.
B．A report.
C．A credit card.
D．A piece of paper.
（4）What do the words of the famous person mean in Paragraph 5？ 　B　
A．Sleeping during the night is foolish.
B．Sleeping during the night is helpful.
C．People have no courage.
D．People always do less work.
（5）What is the best title of the passage？ 　A　
A．The Value of Sleep.
B．The Value of Study.
C．The Ways of Eating Less.
D．The Ways of Making Money.
【考点】环境保护；细节理解；主旨大意．
【答案】D C C B A
【分析】本文主要讲述了睡眠对人健康的重要性，呼吁我们要保持合理的睡眠时间。
【解答】（1）D。细节理解题。根据"But the easiest and cheapest way to improve your health is just to sleep eight hours or more every night"但是最简单、最便宜的改善健康的方法就是每晚睡8个小时或更多。可知是D项符合题意。故选：D。
（2）C。细节理解题。根据"According to the World Health Organization over half the people in the world may be sleep﹣deprived.Having less sleep not only makes people feel tired but also causes accidents"根据世界卫生组织的数据，世界上超过一半的人可能（　　）。睡眠不足不仅会使人感到疲劳，而且还会导致事故。可猜测sleep﹣deprived就是后面解释的：睡眠不足。故选：C。
（3）C。细节理解题。根据"He says ， "Sleep is like a credit （信用卡） card"他说，"睡眠就像一张信用卡。可知是C项符合题意。故选：C。
（4）B。细节理解题。根据"He says ， "Sleep is like a credit （信用卡） card.When you sleep less.you are only borrowing time.You always have to pay it back.The more hours you don't sleep，the more hours you should t sleep to 'pay back' the hours on your 'sleep credit card.'"他说，"睡眠就像一张信用卡。当你睡得少的时候。你只是在借时间。你总是要偿还的。你不睡觉的时间越多，你就越不应该去睡觉来偿还你的'睡眠信用卡'。告知人们要在该睡觉的时间睡足觉。B项符合题意，故选：B。
（5）A。主旨大意题。通过阅读，我们知道本文主要讲述了睡眠对人健康的重要性，呼吁我们要保持合理的睡眠时间。可知是A项符合题意。故选：A。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。
8．（2024 邵东市模拟）Waste is very serious in the school.Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom.They say they have enough money to buy these things.But I don't agree with them.
Waste can bring a lot of problems.Although China is rich in some resources（资源），we are short of others，for example，fresh water.It is reported that we will have no coal（煤） or oil to use in 100 years.So if we go on wasting our resources，what can we use in the future and where can we move？Think about it.I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day.Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.
In our everyday life，we can do many things to stop waste from happening，for example，turn off the water taps（水龙头） when we finish washing，turn off the lights when we leave the classroom，try not to order more food than we need，and so on.Little by little，everything will be better.We stop the waste one day if we do our best!
根据短文内容，从每题所给的三个选项中选择最佳选项。
（1）From the passage we know that some students often　C　 in the school.
A．eat too much
B．don't work hard
C．waste things
（2）What may happen in 100 years？　C　
A．We may still have enough oil.
B．We may still have enough coal.
C．We may have no coal or oil to use.
（3）Which of the following is right？　A　
A．Waste brings problems.
B．Waste can bring no problem.
C．Students never waste things.
（4）Which is the best title of this passage？　A　
A．Stop Wasting
B．School life
C．Waste in the School
【考点】环境保护；细节理解；最佳标题．
【答案】CCAA
【分析】本文主要是介绍了浪费所带来的的问题以及呼吁大家停止浪费。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom.可知有些学生要的食物比他们能吃的还多，有些学生离开教室时常常忘记关灯。因此可知一些学生经常在学校浪费东西。故选C.
（2）C.细节理解题。根据It is reported that we will have no coal（煤） or oil to use in 100 years.可知据报道，100年后我们将没有煤或者使用的石油。故选C.
（3）A.细节判断题。根据 Waste can bring a lot of problems.可知浪费会带来很多问题。故选A.
（4）A.标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据So if we go on wasting our resources，what can we use in the future and where can we move？Think about it.I think we should say no to the students who waste things every day.Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible.所以，如果我们继续浪费资源，我们将来能用什么？我们能搬到哪里？想想吧。我认为我们应该对每天浪费东西的学生说不。每个人都应该尽快停止浪费。可知本文主要是介绍了浪费所带来的的问题以及呼吁大家停止浪费。因此标题为"Stop Wasting（停止浪费）"最为合适，故选A.
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
9．（2024 泗洪县二模）
It's easy to protect the planet.These tips help save resources such as water，energy，and animals.They also cut down on harmful gases，such as CO2，which cause global warming.Go green and try these tips.
Recycle and reuse ※Collect cans and bottles from your neighbourhood，and exchange them for money at a recycling centre. ※Choose rechargeable batteries.Be sure to recycle all batteries to stop harmful metals from polluting the environment. ※The next time you want to buy a new book，borrow it from the library or a friend.Sharing books is a great way to reduce waste and reuse things.
Protect the outdoors *When you visit a park or beach，be sure to put your trash in the house in the summer.Trees help clean the air.They give out oxygen and get rid of CO2.
Avoid waste *If the sink in your home keeps leaking（漏水），ask someone to fix it.If You stop a sink from leaking one drop each second，you can even10，000 liters of water a year. *You are so hungry after a long day at school!Even so，keep calm and take only what you will really be able to eat.
（1）If you want to go green，you can find 　C　 tips in the passage.
A.one
B.two
C.three
D.four
（2）What does the word trash mean？ 　A　
A.rubbish.
B.snacks.
C.metal.
D.paper.
（3）If you stop a sink from leaking one drop each second，how many liters of water can you save every month？ 　C　
A.5，000.
B.10，000.
C.833.
D.1，200.
【考点】环境保护；应用文．
【答案】CAC
【分析】这篇文章主要介绍了保护地球的简单方法，包括回收再利用、保护户外环境、避免浪费等，这些行为可以节约水资源、能源和动物资源，同时减少如二氧化碳等有害气体排放，从而应对全球变暖问题。文章鼓励人们采取绿色行动，实践这些节约资源和保护环境的建议。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据小标题Recycle and reuse（回收利用）；Protect the outdoors（保护户外）以及Avoid waste（避免浪费）可知，如果你想采取绿色行动，你可以在文章中找到3个技巧。故选：C。
（2）词义猜测题。根据表格第三行When you visit a park or beach，be sure to put your trash in the house in the summer.（当你去公园或海滩时，一定要在夏天把垃圾放在家里。）可知，trash意思垃圾。故选：A。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格最后一行If the sink in your home keeps leaking（漏水），ask someone to fix it.If You stop a sink from leaking one drop each second，you can even10，000 liters of water a year（如果你家的水槽一直漏水，请人修理。如果你阻止水槽每秒漏水一滴，你一年甚至可以用10000升水。）.可知，如果你阻止水槽每秒漏水一滴，你每个月能节省833升水。故选：C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
10．（2024 芜湖一模）Do you believe in green living？Read the following blog （博客）and replies about a fun，easy and creative way to make your lifestyle greener.
Posted by Gina at 8：32 a.m.on 11th February 2018 New uses for old clothing Nowadays，we're more wasteful than ever﹣buying，using and throwing things away without thinking about the costs.We need to start living more responsibly﹣ but bow？One answer is to upcycle （再生利用） . If you're like me，you might already make soil for gardening from food waste and use empty paper boxes as storage space.Did you know you can apply （应用） the same way to old clothing？You just need imagination! I started upcycling clothing，Making new things out of old clothes is the best way to mix my talent and my interest.Do you upcycle？If so，what new things have you made？If not，why not give it a try？ What do you think of the "new" bat I made for my sister？It used to be my mum's sweater.
TerryB Posted at 9：08 a.m.on 11th February 2018 Why don't you give your old clothes to people in need？I even give away the most expensive things I don't wear anymore.So I can help the environment while giving something useful to people in need. Gina Posted at 9：28 a.m.on 1 Ith February 2018 early Good point! 'm talking about only the oldest clothing in your room﹣﹣the clothes that are too old to be worn by others.The same idea goes for food waste at restaurants and supermarkets. Before upcycling food that can still be eaten，for example，using it to make soil；we should give it to those in need.
Betty99 Posted at 10：18 a.m.on 11th February 2018 I've made shopping bags out of T﹣shirts and dog toys out of socks. Upcycling clothing is a fun hobby，but the most important thing is that it makes me feel like I'm living less wastefully.
（1）What is special about the hat？ 　A　
A．It came from an old sweater.
B．It was given by Gina's mum.
C．It was new and expensive.
D．It was a gift from Gina's sister.
（2）Why did Gina give a reply to TerryB？ 　C　
A．To draw TerryB's attention.
B．To introduce