外研版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 A delicate world Understanding ideas课件 (共31张PPT)

(共31张PPT)
Unit 5 A Delicate World
Understanding ideas
Macquarie Island: from Chaos to Conservation
To learn how the chaos was caused in Macquarie Island and how people tried to conserve (保护)the island.
2. To use “cause and effect” structure(因果结构) to describe a story.
3. To realize the great effect of humans’ actions on ecology and
the importance of ecological balance.（生态平衡）
Learning objectives
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
What animals can you see in the picture
2. What kind of changes would take place if cats, rats and rabbits were introduced to an environment like this
They would hunt the birds and eat the native vegetation, thus upsetting the local ecological balance.
Penguins , elephant seals , wild birds
Pre-reading
Part 1 Para_____　　
Part 2 Paras　 　
Part 3 Paras　　
the _________ of the island
the_______________ of the island
the ________________ of the island
1
beauty
2-3
chaos
4-6
conservation
Look through the passage, divide it into three parts, and get the main idea of each part.
Read for structure
While-reading
the beauty of the island
long and thin shape
green grass and bare rocks
_________________
_________________
__________________
wild
natural
harmonious
In what ways can we find Macquarie island is beautiful
World Heritage Site
beauty
Read part 1(para.1) and answer the question:
native inhabitants
natural habitat
Read for deatils
1 I am standing on Macquarie Island, in the South west Pacific Ocean, halfway between Australia and Antarctica. Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long, thin shape. The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically, giving it a wild and natural beauty. No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years.
the chaos of the island
1. What was brought to the island
2. What happened after they reached the island
Read part 2(paras.2-3) and finish the following tasks.
Read part 2(paras.2-3)and finish the following tasks.
the chaos of the island
1. What was brought to the island
rats&mice
cats
rabbits
2. What happened after they reached the island
took over…
ate …
attacked …
ate birds
multiplied
ate vegetation
dig holes
soil erosion
more cats
_______ birds
fewer
____________ destruction
landscape
have a ______effect on ecology
bad
！
humans
on purpose
possible results
Humans __________ actions
careless
2 But the island's more recent history tells a different story. It's a tragic story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island. In their ships they unknowingly brought rats and mice. These small animals quickly took over the island, eating the birds' eggs and attacking baby birds. Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice. Unfortunately, the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds, too.
3 Meanwhile, rabbits were introduced to the island as a source of food for humans. Loose on the island, they did what rabbits do best—they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes, which caused soil erosion. The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased. This in turn led to more cats hunting the birds. The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island, died out in 1891.




the conservation of the island
time
measure(s)
purpose(s)
result(s)
Read part 3(paras.4-6) & postscript, and fill in the blanks.
after the 1970s
in the 1980s
after 2006
release_______
use__________
drop poison
use_______
to remove
rabbits
to_______
to remove all
fewer_________
but_____ birds
pest
fewer
cats
no ____
but ______rats
______rabbits
land collapse
more
more
_____free in 2014
virus
traps &dogs
dogs
kill cats
rabbits
proper
to solve it once and for all
Humans’____________measures may do greater harm to ecology.
improper
Deeper thinking:
What do you think is to blame for the chaos in Macquarie Island
rats&mice
cats
rabbits
human’s careless behaviors
human's improper measures
“We humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.”
Human
beauty
chaos
conservation
harmony
Summary
4 Even after Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve in the 1970s, the rabbits remained out of control. Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island. With this goal in mind, a virus was released onto the island. But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130,000 to around 10,000, it also meant less food for the cats. The cats in consequence turned their attention—and their stomachs—back to the native birds, killing up to 60,000 each year. In the 1980s, traps and dogs were used to catch the cats. The last Macquarie Island cat was caught in 2000.
5 But as the saying goes, “While the cat's away, the mice will play.” With the departure of the cats from the island, the mouse and rat population started to increase. And remember those 10,000 or so rabbits It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus, and their numbers exploded once again. Then, in 2006, the rabbits' digging caused some land to collapse, and killed a substantial number of penguins. This incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all.
6 So, I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem. The first step involved poison being dropped from helicopters. The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species, and that's where I come in—with my dogs. They have been trained to find every last one, without harming the native animals. This intervention is a long, much－delayed ending to a sad story, but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending.
Postscript: In 2014, Macquarie Island was declared pest free and the island's ecology is finally on the road to recovery.
3. Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons.
1) To analyse how Macquarie Island was saved from destruction.
2) To inform readers of the chaos caused on Macquarie Island by humans.
3) To entertain readers with a funny story about what happened on Macquarie Island.
4) To suggest ways in which an ecosystem can be protected.
From the title, we know the Island was saved from destruction
(from chaos) to conservation.
Post-reading
Small action, but big chaos！
Protect the nature, and
keep ecological balance！
Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long, thin shape.
强风和汹涌的海浪雕刻/塑造了它细长的形状。
The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast ___________ (drama), ______ (give) it a wild and natural beauty.
绿色的草地和光秃秃的岩石形成了鲜明的对比，给了它一种野性和自然美。
No visitor would think ______ surprising ______ the island is UNESCO World Heritage Site.
没有游客会因为该岛被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产而感到惊讶。
Language points – Para. 1
dramatically
giving
it
that
v. to give sth. a particular shape
使具有某种形状
Nor would they _________ (未能做成) imagine how its ________
___________ (当地栖居的动物), including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals, existed ______________________ (与……完美和谐相处) their natural habitat for thousands of years.
他们也不会想象不到，这里的原住民，包括皇家企鹅、帝企鹅和象海豹，几千年来如何与它们的自然栖息地多么完美地和谐相处的。
Language points – Para. 1
fail to
in perfect harmony with
native
inhabitant
具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装结构。
nor 为否定词，常见结构为：
Nor + 助动词/be动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其它成分
句型变换
He didn’t quit his job, and he wasn’t fired either.
= He didn’t quit the job, and nor was he fired.
他们那时无法理解这件事，我们也理解不了。
They couldn’t understand it at the time, and nor/neither could we.
Sentence structure: nor + 部分倒装句
具有否定意义的副词：
never, seldom, little, few, rarely, nowhere, not until, hardly…when, no sooner… than, not only… but also, in no way, by no means, under no circumstances, etc.
I have never seen such a moving film.
Never before have I seen such a moving film.
We will by no means give up.
By no means will we give up.
I had hardly entered the classroom when the bell rang.
Hardly had I entered the classroom when the bell rang.
Sentence structure: nor + 部分倒装句
I failed to persuade him out of smoking.
He failed (in) the competition, feeling sad.
The examiners failed over half the candidates.
The brakes on my bike failed halfway down the hill.
Her eyesight is failing owing to using the Internet too much.
When he lost his job, he felt he had failed his family.
Words fail me to express my great gratitude.
The crops failed again last summer.
Many small companies have failed during the pandemic.
fail to do sth.
未能做成某事
不过关；不及格
判定不合格
出故障
健康衰退
使失望
无能为力
歉收
破产
Language points – Para. 2
a tragic story
arrive on the island
unknowingly
take over
subsequently
develop an appetite for…
develop a taste for…
develop an interest in…
develop a close friendship with…
develop the habit of…
develop (an) immunity to…
一个悲剧的故事
到达岛上
在不知情的情况下
接管
随后
对……产生兴趣
与……产生亲密的友谊
养成……的习惯
对……产生免疫力
Language points – Para. 3
be introduced to
a source of food
Translate: ______ (不受约束的) on the island, they did what rabbits do best – they ________________ (迅速繁殖) and began eating the native _________ (植被) and _______ (dig) holes, which caused _____________ (土壤侵蚀).
dig – dug – dug, digging
erode v. 侵蚀；腐蚀；风化
翻译：在岛上自由自在，它们做了兔子最擅长的事——它们迅速繁殖，开始吃当地的植被，挖洞，这导致了土壤侵蚀。
the exploding rabbit population
explode v. – explosion n. – explosive adj.
被介绍给
食物的来源
兔子数量激增
Loose
multiplied rapidly
vegetation
digging
soil erosion
Language points – Para. 3
provide plentiful food for
in turn
This in turn led to more cats _________ (hunt) the birds.
be native to
die out
为……提供丰富/充足的食物
反过来(as a result)；轮流
是土生土长的
消亡
hunting
Language points – Para. 4
an official nature reserve
remain out of control
feel _____ necessary to do
come up with
remove… from…
decrease from… to…
in consequence
turn one’s attention back to
官方自然保护区
保持失控状态
觉得有必要去做
想出，提出（计划、方法）
从……移除
从……减少到……
结果 = as a result/consequently
把注意力转回
it
Language points – Para. 5
While the cat’s away, the mice will play.
with the departure of
turn out
develop an immunity to
a substantial number of
Translate: This incident ________________ (使……明确/清楚) the rat, mouse and rabbit problem needed _________ (solve) ________
_________ .
翻译：这一事件表明，大鼠、老鼠和兔子的问题需要一劳永逸地解决。
猫儿不在，老鼠成精。
山中无老虎，猴子称大王。
随着……的离开
结果
对……产生免疫力
大量的
made it clear that
solving
once and
for all
= for good (and all)
Language points – Para. 6
tackle this very problem
the last remaining (adj.) species
Translate: We humans _________ (欠……) the island to give it a happy ending.
翻译：我们人类应该给这个岛一个美好的结局。
解决这个问题
最后存留的物种
owe it to
He owes the bank what is beyond what he can afford.
他欠银行的债务超出了他的承受能力。
我认为你得向我们道歉。
I think you owe us an apology.
他认为成功是完美合作的结果。
He owes the success to perfect collaboration.
句型 owe it to sb. to do
owe it to sb. that…
You owe it to your staff to give them better pay.
The survivors owed it to the MSF doctors that they could survive the deadly Ebola infection.
owe sb. sth. | owe sth. to sb.
应该为某人做某事
把……归功于
欠某人债务/人情；把……归功于
Language points
What expressions does the author use to describe the increase or decrease of numbers
… multiply rapidly.
the exploding rabbit population
… the number of cats increased.
… caused the population to decrease from… to…
… the numbers exploded.
… killed a substantial number of…