外研版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 3 On the move Undertanding ideas 语言点 课件 （共53张PPT,内镶嵌视频）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 3 On the move Undertanding ideas 语言点 课件 （共53张PPT,内镶嵌视频） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-10-29 10:16:52 | ||
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(共53张PPT)
Unit 3 Understanding ideas
A Game for the World
全世界都热爱的运动
语言点课件
Words and expressions
UNIT 3
surfing n.冲浪(运动) 33
represent v.代表，表示 34
goal n.球门 34
basis n.基础;根据 35
equipment n.装备，设备，用具 35
content n.满意，满足 35
to one's heart's content尽情地;心满意足地 35
□ plastic adj.塑料制的 35
factor n.因素，要素 35
□ defend v.(在比赛中)防守，防卫 35
* twist n.(形势或事态的)意外转折 35
□ soldier n.士兵，军人 36
□ conflict n.武装冲突，战斗，战争 36
death n.死，死亡 36
* assure v. 向……保证，使确信 36
A Game for
the
On the move
World
Football, a game for the world. A game for the dream, a game for the hope, a game for the love!!
What is the writing style of the text？
Argumentation
Exposition
opening
What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
1.To talk about the history of football.
2.To express his/her love of football.
3.To explain why football is such a popular game.
4.To prove that he/she is a professional football fan.
opening
opening
Football enjoys popularity all over the world and it has a history that goes back to ______________.
Complete the chart with expressions from the passage.
Ancient China
It was then known as CuJu(kick ball), a game using ball of animal skins with hair inside. Goals were hung in the air. Football as we know it today started in Great Britain , where the game was given new rules.
Facts about the history of football
opening
Why is Neil Armstrong mentioned
Neil Armstrong:
the first man to step on the lunar surface
The popularity of football
To show the popularity of football !
opening
These days, football is one of the most popular sports in the world. Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world! The history of the game goes back over two thousand years to Ancient China. It was then known as cuju (kick ball), a game using a ball of animal skins with hair inside. Goals were hung in the air, Football as we know it today started in Great Britain, where the game was given new rules.
足球是现今世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。想想当年尼尔阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。当时这种运动称为蹴鞠（意为“以脚踢球”）， 使用的球是由动物皮革填充毛发制成的， 而球门是悬挂在半空中的。我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国， 在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。
Language points
课文解析
▲1.Given that只要是，考虑到；假定，已知。可以看成一个从属连词，引导条件状语从句，课文中即是这种用法。given adj.假设，假如。也有说法given可以视为介词，这时that需省略。
Given that my friends are almost all girls, I feel lost.
由于我的朋友几乎都是女孩，所以我感到很失落。
Given that don't disturb others, you may come to sit in on our class.
假如你不影响别人，你可以来我班旁听。
Given (that) his age and intelligence, the boy has done a really good job.
考虑到那孩子的智力和年龄，他确实干得很不错。
Language points
And, given that, we might say, better to not think about them.
考虑到这点，我们可能会说，最好还是不要去想它们。
Given her interest in children(=Given that she is interested in children), I am sure teaching is the right career for her.考虑到她对儿童的兴趣，我相信教书是她适当的职业。
Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.
如果身体健康，我就希望今年完成这项工作。
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▲2.go back to...回去，返回；追溯到
After my recovery, I went back to work again.我康复后又回去上班了。
Their friendship goes back to their childhood.他们的友谊可追溯到儿童时代。
To trace its origins, we have to go back some thirty million years.要追溯它的起源，我们就得回到大约3千万年以前。
▲3.cuju (kick ball)蹴鞠
蹴鞠，又名“蹋鞠”、“蹴球”、“蹴圆”、“筑球”、“踢圆”等，“蹴”有用脚蹴、蹋、踢的含义，“鞠”最早系外包皮革、内实米糠的球。我国学者通过大量的历史文献研究，认为蹴鞠的起源有以下三种说法。
Language points
1、黄帝历史起源论。西汉文学家刘向在《别录》中记载到：“蹴鞠者，传言黄帝所作。”后其所著的《新苑》中都有相关记载。传言中蹴鞠最早是黄帝用来练兵之用，不过对于华夏的始祖，描写过程中难免有夸大嫌疑，目前还没有强有力的证据证明此论。
2、殷商历史起源论。一部分学者认为在殷商时期的足球舞就是蹴鞠运动的起源，殷墟出土的甲骨文卜辞中有这么一段记载：“乎品舞，从雨。”觉得这个“品”字作为甲骨文，是象形文字的一种，上面的圆代表着足球，下面两个圆就像人的两只脚，寓意着一个人用两只脚踢足球。这个看法看起来也不足以让人信服。
3、春秋战国历史起源论。这一说法是现今学者们认同度最高的，在《史记》、《战国策》中都有相似的记载，认为当时的齐国都城临淄是足球的故乡。《苏秦列传》中记载：“齐地方两千余里，临淄甚富而实，其民无不吹竽、鼓瑟、弹琴、击筑、斗鸡、走犬、六博、蹋鞠者。”当然为这一说法提供更加可信性的是，在国际足联100年庆典闭幕式上，为临淄颁发了“足球起源地”证书。
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Football as we know it today started in Great Britain, where the game was given new rules.我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国， 在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。
这是一个主从复合句。As we know it today是as引导的方式状语从句；where the game was given new rules 是关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Great Britain。
▲4.as conj. 从属连词 “好像”，“正如”。 引导方式状语从句，常位于主句后。
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
你希望别人怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。
You must try to hold the tool as I do.你必须尽量像我这样拿工具。
Language points
完成句子：
他们按照我的要求做的。They did as I had asked.
我从来不被允许按我想的那样演唱。
I was never allowed to sing as I wanted to.
请按我做的方法做这个实验好吗？
Will you please do the experiment as I am doing
让孩子们自由随便，不要管他们。
Leave the children as they are.
※方式状语从句还经常用到as if，as though引导。但它们可用于虚拟语气。
He acts as if he was a fool.他做事像个傻子。
She loves the boy as though she were his mother.
她爱这个男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。
▲5.where 关系副词，引导非限制性定语从句
Yesterday Jim left for Canada, where he had stayed for two years.
昨天吉姆动身去加拿大了，他曾在那儿待过两年。
Language points
“A Game for the World”
What makes football
There are three reasons for it!
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Why is football so popular
It is a simple and cheap game to play.
Reason 1
Example
The young Pelé played football to his heart’s content with a ball made of plastic bags.
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That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. It is also a game that is very cheap to play.
Another factor behind football’s global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field.
What’s more, football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate.
For one thing …. For another, …. Perhaps the primary reason is …
2. First of all… What’s more/ Besides/ Furthermore… Last but not the least…
King Pelé
球王贝利
Why is pelé mentioned in the para 2
It is a simple and cheap game to play.
Language points
That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. It is also a game that is very cheap to play. You don't need expensive equipment; even the ball doesn't have to cost much money. All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts' content with a ball made of plastic bags; just like Pele did when he was a boy.
足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。它也是一项花费很少的运动，不需要什么昂贵的设备，连球也不会花费太多钱。在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球 --- 贝利小时候也就是那样的。
▲6.That football is such a simple game to play这是that引导的主语从句，在这个复合句中作主语。That引导时，在从句中不做任何成分，也没词汇意义，但不能省略。除此之外还可以用what，who等词连用。有时主语从句也用形式主语It放在句首替代它，真正主语放句末，避免句子头重脚轻。
Language points
▲6.That football is such a simple game to play这是that引导的主语从句，在这个复合句中作主语。That引导时，在从句中不做任何成分，也没词汇意义，但不能省略。除此之外还可以用what，who等词连用。有时主语从句也用形式主语It放在句首替代它，真正主语放句末，避免句子头重脚轻。
That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.他在如此短的时间内写完作文使我们都十分惊讶。
That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard so far.
你将要来伦敦是到目前为止我所听到的最好的消息。
What caused the accident remains unknown.事故的起因仍是未知的。
Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
还没有决定谁会成为我们的班长。
It's strange that he should have taken the books without the owner's permission.简直是太奇怪了，他竟然没得到主人允许就把这些书拿走了。
Language points
▲7.to one's heart's content尽情地；痛痛快快；称心如意；心满意足地
She hid herself in the library, where she could read to her heart's content.
她躲到图书馆里，在那里她可以尽情地看书。
My hand drum to one's heart's content sings, sings the happy new life.
我打着手鼓纵情歌唱，唱不尽美好的新生活。
Do you know that to eat to one's heart's content was once a dream of Chinese people
大家知道吗？吃饱肚子曾是中国人的梦想。
I can eat and drink to my heart's content.
我可以尽情地吃喝。
▲8. just like Pele did when he was a boy在这里like=as引导的方式状语从句，同上用法。When引导的是时间状语从句。
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Why is football so popular
It’s a game with creativity and excitement.
Reason 2
Example
It is amazing to see how professional players use their bodies to pass, score and defend.
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Another factor behind football’s global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field. It is fun enough to attract millions of people. You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional players --- how they use their bodies to pass, score and defend can be amazing to see --- or to feel the excitement of a game ending with a surprising twist.
足球得以风靡世界的另一个因素是（这种运动）在球场上展示出来的创造力和激动人心的氛围。其精彩程度足以吸引数以百万计的人。你不用成为球迷也能看明白职业球员的球技有多么好 --- 他们运用身体传球、得分、防守，这些就足以令观众眼花缭乱 --- 或者感受到球赛中惊人逆转带来的那种兴奋感。
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▲9.attract vt. 吸引；引起；有吸引力
What he said attracted the attention of the others.
他所说的引起了其他人的关注。
They attract the best students from around the world.
它们吸引了来自世界各地的最好的学生。
Besides the salary, what welfare attract you mostly
除了工资，还有什么福利最吸引你？
▲10.recognise(=recognize) vt.认出；承认，认可；识别
Too often we fail to recognise the difference between the person and the performance.我们总是不能识别一个人的本质和他的外在表现的差别。
I recognize no such thing.我不承认任何这类事情。
I can’t recognise his accent on the phone.我在电话上听不出他的声音。
I could hardly recognise her in the street yesterday after ages.多年不见
昨天我在街上差一点没认出她来。
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▲11.ending with a surprising twist 结果是一个令人惊讶的转折
The footballer turned round and shot immediately, ending with a surprising twist.
这位足球运动员突然转身抽射，结果是一个惊人逆转。
※twist n. 转动，旋转；扭曲；扭伤；（故事或情况的）转折；急转弯处
The novel took its final twist.
这部小说有了最后的转折。
I have to say I am usually the one on the other side asking the questions so this talk is a fun twist.
我必须说我是一个经常站在另一面问问题的人，因此这次访谈是一个有趣的转折。
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Reason 3
Example
It breaks down walls and brings people together.
British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together on Christmas Day 1914.
Why is football so popular
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What is the creativity and excitement on the field
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Why did the author say “ football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate”
It does not require words, but everyone understands it.
It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field.
boundary
barrier
misunderstanding
British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together in 1914
Language points
What’s more, football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate: it does not require words, but everyone understands it. It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field. Take, for example, the famous football game on Christmas Day 1914. World War I had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together --- one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.
此外，足球还成为了人们最好的沟通方式之一： 无需话语， 但是人人都能理解。足球打破隔阂，将赛场内外的人们凝聚在一起。以1914年圣诞节那场著名的足球赛为例，虽然当时第一次世界大战的战火已经持续了数月，但是英国和德国的士兵仍然放下枪支，一起踢起了足球 --- 这是战乱年代值得铭记的和平一刻。
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▲12.require vt.需要，有赖于；要求，请求
The suggestion requires careful thought.
这个建议需要仔细考虑。
The floor requires washing.
地板需要清洗了。
All passengers are required to show their tickets.
所有乘客都必须出示车票。
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▲13.break down 毁掉；发生故障；（计算机）崩溃，瘫痪；打破
Our TV broke down last night.
昨晚我们的电视机坏了。
She broke down completely and had to go into hospital.
她完全垮了，只好进医院。
Women’s sports are breaking down the barriers in previously
male-dominated field.
女子体育运动正在打破障碍进入一些先前男子占主导的领域。
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▲14.on and off the field 赛场内外，球场内外
On and off the field, we are united and made a great success.
无论场内场外，我们团结一致，努力取得巨大成功。
He is an excellent player on and off the field.
无论场内场外他都是一位非常优秀的运动员。
▲15.conflict n.冲突，矛盾；战斗；争执
There are always many armed conflicts in this area recently.
最近在这一地区总有很多武装冲突。
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This is what this conflict is about.这就是冲突的症结所在。
The construction of a harmonious socialist society is a constant process of solving the social conflict.构建社会主义和谐社会是一个不断化解社会矛盾的持续过程。
She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
她发现自己在将来择业问题上与父母存在着分歧。
Her diary was a record of her inner conflict.她的日记记录了她内心的矛盾。
The story tells of a classic conflict between love and duty.
这故事讲的是典型的爱情与责任之间的矛盾。
Language points
Football is much more than just a sport.
Conclusion
This might sound funny, but one only has to think about the Earth to realise that our planet is shaped like a football.
这听起来可能很有趣，但只要想想地球就会意识到我们的星球形状像一个足球。
“Some people believe football is a matter of life and death, ... I can assure you it is much more important than that.”
Football is much more than just a sport.
Bill Shankly
苏格兰职业足球教练
“有些人认为足球是生死攸关的事情……我可以向你保证，它比那重要得多。”
This might sound funny, but one only has to think about the Earth to realise that our planet is shaped like a football.
Football is much more than just a sport.
Regardless of races, languages or nationalities, all the people come together to join the game. The round shape represents unity, cooperation and shared destiny. Our planet is very important and football is also of vital importance.
不分种族、语言或国籍，所有的人都聚集在一起参加比赛。圆形代表团结、合作、命运与共。我们的星球非常重要，足球也至关重要。
“Some people believe football is a matter of life and death, ...”said Bill Shankly, the famous footballer and manager. “I can assure you it is much, much more important than that.” This might sound funny, but one only has to think about the Earth to realise that our planet is shaped like a football.
“有些人认为足球事关生死， ... ...”著名的足球运动员和教练比尔 香可利曾这样说过， “我可以想你保证，足球比生死重要得多。”这句话听起来也许有点夸张， 但是只要想想地球，你就会意识到原来我们的星球跟足球的形状一样呢。
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▲16.a matter of life and death生死攸关的事（=extremely important）
This was a matter of life and death.这是一个生死攸关的事。
Health safety is a matter of life and death.卫生安全是生死攸关的事。
English soccer is, as another famous manager once noted, “not a matter of life and death, it is much, much more important than that.”
正如另一位著名教练所诠释的那样，足球“不关乎生死，而是远远高于生死。”
It’s a matter of life and death for civilians here.
这是有关这儿平民生死的大事。
What we eat is really a matter of life and death.
我们吃什么确实是一个生死攸关的问题。
Language points
※a matter of 大约； ……的问题
The issue is not simply a matter of what we eat, but how we eat.
问题不仅我们吃的是什么那么简单，还有我们怎么吃的问题。
If so, a tragedy may be only a matter of time.
若是这样，悲剧的发生就只是一个时间问题了。
Once we realize that it’s not a matter of judgment, but a matter of belief, everything changes.一旦我们意识到问题并不在于判断力，而在于我们的想法和信念，那么一切都会有所不同。
But I think it was just a matter of time and experience.
但是我认为这只是一个时间和经验的问题。
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▲17.footballer n. 足球运动员；橄榄球运动员；职业足球运动员
Ten footballer stood in a row on the sport ground.运动场上一字儿站着十名足球运动员。
He is a very good footballer but he is quite old now.
他是个很好的足球运动员，但现在已经很老了。
This footballer is a sportsman who likes to steal the show.
这个足球运动员是一个爱出风头的运动员。
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▲18.assure vt. 使确信；使放心（安心）
He assured her, he loved pizza.他要她确信，他爱吃披萨。
Tom assured me that he was an excellent cook.汤姆要我确信，他是一个很高明的厨师。
※assure sb that... 向某人保证……
The doctor has assured us that she’ll be fine.医生向我们保证她会没事的。
※assure sb of sth 向某人保证某事
The art dealer had assured me of the painting’s quality.
艺术品经销商向我们保证过画的质量。
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【辨析】assure 与ensure
assure虽然也有“保证”之义，但毕竟来自“使确信”、“使放心”的含义，所以“保证”较弱，只用在很普通的场合。
The doctor assured him that his child would recover from the illness.
医生要他放心，他孩子的病会好起来的。
而ensure主要的意思便是“保证”、“确保”：
To ensure the child’s quick recovery, the doctor gave him an antibiotic.
为确保孩子迅速痊愈，医生给他开了抗菌素。
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▲19.realise vt. 实现；意识到，领悟，了解，体会，明白
My wishes have been realised.我的愿望实现了。
My worst fears were realized.我最怕的事终于发生了。
He could not realised his own danger.他未能意识到自己的危险。
If so, I didn’t realise it at the time.
如果是这样的话，我当初并没有意识到这一点。
I didn’t realise how important English is at that time.
当时我没真正意识到英语是多么重要。
Language points
▲20.be shaped like... 形状像……, 状如…… shape vt. 使成形；形成，塑造
Be careful the environment you choose for it will shape you; be careful the friends you choose for you will become like them.要小心自己选择的环境，因为它会塑造你；要小心自己选择的朋友，你为你会变得像他们一样。（近朱者赤，近墨者黑。）
These will shape the way that we work and develop organisations in the future.
这些将会形成我们工作的方式并且将促成组织在未来的发展。
The earth on which we live is shaped like a ball.
我们居住的地球，形状像个球。
Language points
全世界都热爱的运动
足球是现今世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。想想当年尼尔阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。当时这种运动称为蹴鞠（意为“以脚踢球”）， 使用的球是由动物皮革填充毛发制成的， 而球门是悬挂在半空中的。我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国， 在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。
足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。它也是一项花费很少的运动，不需要什么昂贵的设备，连球也不会花费太多钱。在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球 --- 贝利小时候也就是那样的。
Language points
足球得以风靡世界的另一个因素是（这种运动）在球场上展示出来的创造力和激动人心的氛围。其精彩程度足以吸引数以百万计的人。你不用成为球迷也能看明白职业球员的球技有多么好 --- 他们运用身体传球、得分、防守，这些就足以令观众眼花缭乱 --- 或者感受到球赛中惊人逆转带来的那种兴奋感。
此外，足球还成为了人们最好的沟通方式之一： 无需话语， 但是人人都能理解。足球打破隔阂，将赛场内外的人们凝聚在一起。以1914年圣诞节那场著名的足球赛为例，虽然当时第一次世界大战的战火已经持续了数月，但是英国和德国的士兵仍然放下枪支，一起踢起了足球 --- 这是战乱年代值得铭记的和平一刻。
“有些人认为足球事关生死， ……”著名的足球运动员和教练比尔 香可利曾这样说过， “我可以想你保证，足球比生死重要得多。”这句话听起来也许有点夸张， 但是只要想想地球，你就会意识到原来我们的星球跟足球的形状一样呢。
Language points
Fill in the blanks. （语法填空）
Nowadays, football is one of the ① (popular) sports in the world. Its history goes back over two thousand years to Ancient China, which was then known ② cuju. Modern football started in Great Britain,③ the new game rules were made. Football is simple and very cheap to play, which ④ (be) perhaps the basis of its popularity. People needn’t expensive ⑤ (equip) and the football doesn’t cost much money. Another factor behind its global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field. It is⑥________ (attract) to millions of people. People can also see children playing to ⑦ (they) hearts’ content with a ball everywhere. People can feel the excitement of a game even without ⑧ (recognise) the skill of professional players. What’s more, it has become one of the best ways for people ⑨____________ (communicate). It doesn’t require words,⑩ everyone can understand it. It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field.
most popular
as
where
is
equipment
attractive
their
recognising
to communicate
but
Now please work in groups and prepare a speech titled “A Game for China”.
Homework
Unit 3 Understanding ideas
A Game for the World
全世界都热爱的运动
语言点课件
Words and expressions
UNIT 3
surfing n.冲浪(运动) 33
represent v.代表，表示 34
goal n.球门 34
basis n.基础;根据 35
equipment n.装备，设备，用具 35
content n.满意，满足 35
to one's heart's content尽情地;心满意足地 35
□ plastic adj.塑料制的 35
factor n.因素，要素 35
□ defend v.(在比赛中)防守，防卫 35
* twist n.(形势或事态的)意外转折 35
□ soldier n.士兵，军人 36
□ conflict n.武装冲突，战斗，战争 36
death n.死，死亡 36
* assure v. 向……保证，使确信 36
A Game for
the
On the move
World
Football, a game for the world. A game for the dream, a game for the hope, a game for the love!!
What is the writing style of the text？
Argumentation
Exposition
opening
What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
1.To talk about the history of football.
2.To express his/her love of football.
3.To explain why football is such a popular game.
4.To prove that he/she is a professional football fan.
opening
opening
Football enjoys popularity all over the world and it has a history that goes back to ______________.
Complete the chart with expressions from the passage.
Ancient China
It was then known as CuJu(kick ball), a game using ball of animal skins with hair inside. Goals were hung in the air. Football as we know it today started in Great Britain , where the game was given new rules.
Facts about the history of football
opening
Why is Neil Armstrong mentioned
Neil Armstrong:
the first man to step on the lunar surface
The popularity of football
To show the popularity of football !
opening
These days, football is one of the most popular sports in the world. Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world! The history of the game goes back over two thousand years to Ancient China. It was then known as cuju (kick ball), a game using a ball of animal skins with hair inside. Goals were hung in the air, Football as we know it today started in Great Britain, where the game was given new rules.
足球是现今世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。想想当年尼尔阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。当时这种运动称为蹴鞠（意为“以脚踢球”）， 使用的球是由动物皮革填充毛发制成的， 而球门是悬挂在半空中的。我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国， 在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。
Language points
课文解析
▲1.Given that只要是，考虑到；假定，已知。可以看成一个从属连词，引导条件状语从句，课文中即是这种用法。given adj.假设，假如。也有说法given可以视为介词，这时that需省略。
Given that my friends are almost all girls, I feel lost.
由于我的朋友几乎都是女孩，所以我感到很失落。
Given that don't disturb others, you may come to sit in on our class.
假如你不影响别人，你可以来我班旁听。
Given (that) his age and intelligence, the boy has done a really good job.
考虑到那孩子的智力和年龄，他确实干得很不错。
Language points
And, given that, we might say, better to not think about them.
考虑到这点，我们可能会说，最好还是不要去想它们。
Given her interest in children(=Given that she is interested in children), I am sure teaching is the right career for her.考虑到她对儿童的兴趣，我相信教书是她适当的职业。
Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.
如果身体健康，我就希望今年完成这项工作。
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▲2.go back to...回去，返回；追溯到
After my recovery, I went back to work again.我康复后又回去上班了。
Their friendship goes back to their childhood.他们的友谊可追溯到儿童时代。
To trace its origins, we have to go back some thirty million years.要追溯它的起源，我们就得回到大约3千万年以前。
▲3.cuju (kick ball)蹴鞠
蹴鞠，又名“蹋鞠”、“蹴球”、“蹴圆”、“筑球”、“踢圆”等，“蹴”有用脚蹴、蹋、踢的含义，“鞠”最早系外包皮革、内实米糠的球。我国学者通过大量的历史文献研究，认为蹴鞠的起源有以下三种说法。
Language points
1、黄帝历史起源论。西汉文学家刘向在《别录》中记载到：“蹴鞠者，传言黄帝所作。”后其所著的《新苑》中都有相关记载。传言中蹴鞠最早是黄帝用来练兵之用，不过对于华夏的始祖，描写过程中难免有夸大嫌疑，目前还没有强有力的证据证明此论。
2、殷商历史起源论。一部分学者认为在殷商时期的足球舞就是蹴鞠运动的起源，殷墟出土的甲骨文卜辞中有这么一段记载：“乎品舞，从雨。”觉得这个“品”字作为甲骨文，是象形文字的一种，上面的圆代表着足球，下面两个圆就像人的两只脚，寓意着一个人用两只脚踢足球。这个看法看起来也不足以让人信服。
3、春秋战国历史起源论。这一说法是现今学者们认同度最高的，在《史记》、《战国策》中都有相似的记载，认为当时的齐国都城临淄是足球的故乡。《苏秦列传》中记载：“齐地方两千余里，临淄甚富而实，其民无不吹竽、鼓瑟、弹琴、击筑、斗鸡、走犬、六博、蹋鞠者。”当然为这一说法提供更加可信性的是，在国际足联100年庆典闭幕式上，为临淄颁发了“足球起源地”证书。
Language points
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Football as we know it today started in Great Britain, where the game was given new rules.我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国， 在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。
这是一个主从复合句。As we know it today是as引导的方式状语从句；where the game was given new rules 是关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Great Britain。
▲4.as conj. 从属连词 “好像”，“正如”。 引导方式状语从句，常位于主句后。
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
你希望别人怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。
You must try to hold the tool as I do.你必须尽量像我这样拿工具。
Language points
完成句子：
他们按照我的要求做的。They did as I had asked.
我从来不被允许按我想的那样演唱。
I was never allowed to sing as I wanted to.
请按我做的方法做这个实验好吗？
Will you please do the experiment as I am doing
让孩子们自由随便，不要管他们。
Leave the children as they are.
※方式状语从句还经常用到as if，as though引导。但它们可用于虚拟语气。
He acts as if he was a fool.他做事像个傻子。
She loves the boy as though she were his mother.
她爱这个男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。
▲5.where 关系副词，引导非限制性定语从句
Yesterday Jim left for Canada, where he had stayed for two years.
昨天吉姆动身去加拿大了，他曾在那儿待过两年。
Language points
“A Game for the World”
What makes football
There are three reasons for it!
Language points
Why is football so popular
It is a simple and cheap game to play.
Reason 1
Example
The young Pelé played football to his heart’s content with a ball made of plastic bags.
Language points
That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. It is also a game that is very cheap to play.
Another factor behind football’s global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field.
What’s more, football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate.
For one thing …. For another, …. Perhaps the primary reason is …
2. First of all… What’s more/ Besides/ Furthermore… Last but not the least…
King Pelé
球王贝利
Why is pelé mentioned in the para 2
It is a simple and cheap game to play.
Language points
That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. It is also a game that is very cheap to play. You don't need expensive equipment; even the ball doesn't have to cost much money. All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts' content with a ball made of plastic bags; just like Pele did when he was a boy.
足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。它也是一项花费很少的运动，不需要什么昂贵的设备，连球也不会花费太多钱。在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球 --- 贝利小时候也就是那样的。
▲6.That football is such a simple game to play这是that引导的主语从句，在这个复合句中作主语。That引导时，在从句中不做任何成分，也没词汇意义，但不能省略。除此之外还可以用what，who等词连用。有时主语从句也用形式主语It放在句首替代它，真正主语放句末，避免句子头重脚轻。
Language points
▲6.That football is such a simple game to play这是that引导的主语从句，在这个复合句中作主语。That引导时，在从句中不做任何成分，也没词汇意义，但不能省略。除此之外还可以用what，who等词连用。有时主语从句也用形式主语It放在句首替代它，真正主语放句末，避免句子头重脚轻。
That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.他在如此短的时间内写完作文使我们都十分惊讶。
That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard so far.
你将要来伦敦是到目前为止我所听到的最好的消息。
What caused the accident remains unknown.事故的起因仍是未知的。
Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
还没有决定谁会成为我们的班长。
It's strange that he should have taken the books without the owner's permission.简直是太奇怪了，他竟然没得到主人允许就把这些书拿走了。
Language points
▲7.to one's heart's content尽情地；痛痛快快；称心如意；心满意足地
She hid herself in the library, where she could read to her heart's content.
她躲到图书馆里，在那里她可以尽情地看书。
My hand drum to one's heart's content sings, sings the happy new life.
我打着手鼓纵情歌唱，唱不尽美好的新生活。
Do you know that to eat to one's heart's content was once a dream of Chinese people
大家知道吗？吃饱肚子曾是中国人的梦想。
I can eat and drink to my heart's content.
我可以尽情地吃喝。
▲8. just like Pele did when he was a boy在这里like=as引导的方式状语从句，同上用法。When引导的是时间状语从句。
Language points
Why is football so popular
It’s a game with creativity and excitement.
Reason 2
Example
It is amazing to see how professional players use their bodies to pass, score and defend.
Language points
Another factor behind football’s global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field. It is fun enough to attract millions of people. You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional players --- how they use their bodies to pass, score and defend can be amazing to see --- or to feel the excitement of a game ending with a surprising twist.
足球得以风靡世界的另一个因素是（这种运动）在球场上展示出来的创造力和激动人心的氛围。其精彩程度足以吸引数以百万计的人。你不用成为球迷也能看明白职业球员的球技有多么好 --- 他们运用身体传球、得分、防守，这些就足以令观众眼花缭乱 --- 或者感受到球赛中惊人逆转带来的那种兴奋感。
Language points
▲9.attract vt. 吸引；引起；有吸引力
What he said attracted the attention of the others.
他所说的引起了其他人的关注。
They attract the best students from around the world.
它们吸引了来自世界各地的最好的学生。
Besides the salary, what welfare attract you mostly
除了工资，还有什么福利最吸引你？
▲10.recognise(=recognize) vt.认出；承认，认可；识别
Too often we fail to recognise the difference between the person and the performance.我们总是不能识别一个人的本质和他的外在表现的差别。
I recognize no such thing.我不承认任何这类事情。
I can’t recognise his accent on the phone.我在电话上听不出他的声音。
I could hardly recognise her in the street yesterday after ages.多年不见
昨天我在街上差一点没认出她来。
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▲11.ending with a surprising twist 结果是一个令人惊讶的转折
The footballer turned round and shot immediately, ending with a surprising twist.
这位足球运动员突然转身抽射，结果是一个惊人逆转。
※twist n. 转动，旋转；扭曲；扭伤；（故事或情况的）转折；急转弯处
The novel took its final twist.
这部小说有了最后的转折。
I have to say I am usually the one on the other side asking the questions so this talk is a fun twist.
我必须说我是一个经常站在另一面问问题的人，因此这次访谈是一个有趣的转折。
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Reason 3
Example
It breaks down walls and brings people together.
British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together on Christmas Day 1914.
Why is football so popular
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What is the creativity and excitement on the field
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Why did the author say “ football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate”
It does not require words, but everyone understands it.
It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field.
boundary
barrier
misunderstanding
British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together in 1914
Language points
What’s more, football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate: it does not require words, but everyone understands it. It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field. Take, for example, the famous football game on Christmas Day 1914. World War I had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together --- one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict.
此外，足球还成为了人们最好的沟通方式之一： 无需话语， 但是人人都能理解。足球打破隔阂，将赛场内外的人们凝聚在一起。以1914年圣诞节那场著名的足球赛为例，虽然当时第一次世界大战的战火已经持续了数月，但是英国和德国的士兵仍然放下枪支，一起踢起了足球 --- 这是战乱年代值得铭记的和平一刻。
Language points
▲12.require vt.需要，有赖于；要求，请求
The suggestion requires careful thought.
这个建议需要仔细考虑。
The floor requires washing.
地板需要清洗了。
All passengers are required to show their tickets.
所有乘客都必须出示车票。
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▲13.break down 毁掉；发生故障；（计算机）崩溃，瘫痪；打破
Our TV broke down last night.
昨晚我们的电视机坏了。
She broke down completely and had to go into hospital.
她完全垮了，只好进医院。
Women’s sports are breaking down the barriers in previously
male-dominated field.
女子体育运动正在打破障碍进入一些先前男子占主导的领域。
Language points
▲14.on and off the field 赛场内外，球场内外
On and off the field, we are united and made a great success.
无论场内场外，我们团结一致，努力取得巨大成功。
He is an excellent player on and off the field.
无论场内场外他都是一位非常优秀的运动员。
▲15.conflict n.冲突，矛盾；战斗；争执
There are always many armed conflicts in this area recently.
最近在这一地区总有很多武装冲突。
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This is what this conflict is about.这就是冲突的症结所在。
The construction of a harmonious socialist society is a constant process of solving the social conflict.构建社会主义和谐社会是一个不断化解社会矛盾的持续过程。
She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
她发现自己在将来择业问题上与父母存在着分歧。
Her diary was a record of her inner conflict.她的日记记录了她内心的矛盾。
The story tells of a classic conflict between love and duty.
这故事讲的是典型的爱情与责任之间的矛盾。
Language points
Football is much more than just a sport.
Conclusion
This might sound funny, but one only has to think about the Earth to realise that our planet is shaped like a football.
这听起来可能很有趣，但只要想想地球就会意识到我们的星球形状像一个足球。
“Some people believe football is a matter of life and death, ... I can assure you it is much more important than that.”
Football is much more than just a sport.
Bill Shankly
苏格兰职业足球教练
“有些人认为足球是生死攸关的事情……我可以向你保证，它比那重要得多。”
This might sound funny, but one only has to think about the Earth to realise that our planet is shaped like a football.
Football is much more than just a sport.
Regardless of races, languages or nationalities, all the people come together to join the game. The round shape represents unity, cooperation and shared destiny. Our planet is very important and football is also of vital importance.
不分种族、语言或国籍，所有的人都聚集在一起参加比赛。圆形代表团结、合作、命运与共。我们的星球非常重要，足球也至关重要。
“Some people believe football is a matter of life and death, ...”said Bill Shankly, the famous footballer and manager. “I can assure you it is much, much more important than that.” This might sound funny, but one only has to think about the Earth to realise that our planet is shaped like a football.
“有些人认为足球事关生死， ... ...”著名的足球运动员和教练比尔 香可利曾这样说过， “我可以想你保证，足球比生死重要得多。”这句话听起来也许有点夸张， 但是只要想想地球，你就会意识到原来我们的星球跟足球的形状一样呢。
Language points
▲16.a matter of life and death生死攸关的事（=extremely important）
This was a matter of life and death.这是一个生死攸关的事。
Health safety is a matter of life and death.卫生安全是生死攸关的事。
English soccer is, as another famous manager once noted, “not a matter of life and death, it is much, much more important than that.”
正如另一位著名教练所诠释的那样，足球“不关乎生死，而是远远高于生死。”
It’s a matter of life and death for civilians here.
这是有关这儿平民生死的大事。
What we eat is really a matter of life and death.
我们吃什么确实是一个生死攸关的问题。
Language points
※a matter of 大约； ……的问题
The issue is not simply a matter of what we eat, but how we eat.
问题不仅我们吃的是什么那么简单，还有我们怎么吃的问题。
If so, a tragedy may be only a matter of time.
若是这样，悲剧的发生就只是一个时间问题了。
Once we realize that it’s not a matter of judgment, but a matter of belief, everything changes.一旦我们意识到问题并不在于判断力，而在于我们的想法和信念，那么一切都会有所不同。
But I think it was just a matter of time and experience.
但是我认为这只是一个时间和经验的问题。
Language points
▲17.footballer n. 足球运动员；橄榄球运动员；职业足球运动员
Ten footballer stood in a row on the sport ground.运动场上一字儿站着十名足球运动员。
He is a very good footballer but he is quite old now.
他是个很好的足球运动员，但现在已经很老了。
This footballer is a sportsman who likes to steal the show.
这个足球运动员是一个爱出风头的运动员。
Language points
▲18.assure vt. 使确信；使放心（安心）
He assured her, he loved pizza.他要她确信，他爱吃披萨。
Tom assured me that he was an excellent cook.汤姆要我确信，他是一个很高明的厨师。
※assure sb that... 向某人保证……
The doctor has assured us that she’ll be fine.医生向我们保证她会没事的。
※assure sb of sth 向某人保证某事
The art dealer had assured me of the painting’s quality.
艺术品经销商向我们保证过画的质量。
Language points
【辨析】assure 与ensure
assure虽然也有“保证”之义，但毕竟来自“使确信”、“使放心”的含义，所以“保证”较弱，只用在很普通的场合。
The doctor assured him that his child would recover from the illness.
医生要他放心，他孩子的病会好起来的。
而ensure主要的意思便是“保证”、“确保”：
To ensure the child’s quick recovery, the doctor gave him an antibiotic.
为确保孩子迅速痊愈，医生给他开了抗菌素。
Language points
▲19.realise vt. 实现；意识到，领悟，了解，体会，明白
My wishes have been realised.我的愿望实现了。
My worst fears were realized.我最怕的事终于发生了。
He could not realised his own danger.他未能意识到自己的危险。
If so, I didn’t realise it at the time.
如果是这样的话，我当初并没有意识到这一点。
I didn’t realise how important English is at that time.
当时我没真正意识到英语是多么重要。
Language points
▲20.be shaped like... 形状像……, 状如…… shape vt. 使成形；形成，塑造
Be careful the environment you choose for it will shape you; be careful the friends you choose for you will become like them.要小心自己选择的环境，因为它会塑造你；要小心自己选择的朋友，你为你会变得像他们一样。（近朱者赤，近墨者黑。）
These will shape the way that we work and develop organisations in the future.
这些将会形成我们工作的方式并且将促成组织在未来的发展。
The earth on which we live is shaped like a ball.
我们居住的地球，形状像个球。
Language points
全世界都热爱的运动
足球是现今世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。想想当年尼尔阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。当时这种运动称为蹴鞠（意为“以脚踢球”）， 使用的球是由动物皮革填充毛发制成的， 而球门是悬挂在半空中的。我们所熟知的现代足球始于英国， 在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。
足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。它也是一项花费很少的运动，不需要什么昂贵的设备，连球也不会花费太多钱。在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球 --- 贝利小时候也就是那样的。
Language points
足球得以风靡世界的另一个因素是（这种运动）在球场上展示出来的创造力和激动人心的氛围。其精彩程度足以吸引数以百万计的人。你不用成为球迷也能看明白职业球员的球技有多么好 --- 他们运用身体传球、得分、防守，这些就足以令观众眼花缭乱 --- 或者感受到球赛中惊人逆转带来的那种兴奋感。
此外，足球还成为了人们最好的沟通方式之一： 无需话语， 但是人人都能理解。足球打破隔阂，将赛场内外的人们凝聚在一起。以1914年圣诞节那场著名的足球赛为例，虽然当时第一次世界大战的战火已经持续了数月，但是英国和德国的士兵仍然放下枪支，一起踢起了足球 --- 这是战乱年代值得铭记的和平一刻。
“有些人认为足球事关生死， ……”著名的足球运动员和教练比尔 香可利曾这样说过， “我可以想你保证，足球比生死重要得多。”这句话听起来也许有点夸张， 但是只要想想地球，你就会意识到原来我们的星球跟足球的形状一样呢。
Language points
Fill in the blanks. （语法填空）
Nowadays, football is one of the ① (popular) sports in the world. Its history goes back over two thousand years to Ancient China, which was then known ② cuju. Modern football started in Great Britain,③ the new game rules were made. Football is simple and very cheap to play, which ④ (be) perhaps the basis of its popularity. People needn’t expensive ⑤ (equip) and the football doesn’t cost much money. Another factor behind its global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field. It is⑥________ (attract) to millions of people. People can also see children playing to ⑦ (they) hearts’ content with a ball everywhere. People can feel the excitement of a game even without ⑧ (recognise) the skill of professional players. What’s more, it has become one of the best ways for people ⑨____________ (communicate). It doesn’t require words,⑩ everyone can understand it. It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field.
most popular
as
where
is
equipment
attractive
their
recognising
to communicate
but
Now please work in groups and prepare a speech titled “A Game for China”.
Homework